Bibliografias temáticas / Ethical Theory

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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Ethical Theory"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 30 de julho de 2024

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Ethical Theory"

Dienhart, John W. "Business Ethics and Ethical Theory". Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society 7 (1996): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/iabsproc199679.

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Gauthier, Candace Cummins. "Applied Ethics and Ethical Theory". Idealistic Studies 22, n.º 3 (1992): 247–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/idstudies199222340.

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Nobis, Nathan. "Feminist Ethics without Feminist Ethical Theory (Or, More Generally, “φ Ethics without φ Ethical Theory”)". Journal of Philosophical Research 30, n.º 9999 (2005): 213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jpr_2005_6.

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Son, Ayoung. "Emergence of Ethical Subjectivity through Literary Reading". Criticism and Theory Society of Korea 27, n.º 1 (28 de fevereiro de 2022): 95–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.19116/theory.2022.27.1.95.

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Englert, Walter. "Epicurus’ Ethical Theory". Ancient Philosophy 12, n.º 2 (1992): 487–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ancientphil199212231.

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Czank, James. "Nietzsche’s Ethical Theory". Symposium 13, n.º 2 (2009): 179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/symposium200913232.

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Butchvarov, Panayot. "Moore’s Ethical Theory". International Studies in Philosophy 35, n.º 4 (2003): 304–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/intstudphil2003354118.

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Richardson, Henry S. "Rescuing Ethical Theory". Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 54, n.º 3 (setembro de 1994): 703. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2108590.

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Benjamin, Martin. "Rethinking Ethical Theory". Teaching Philosophy 10, n.º 4 (1987): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/teachphil198710477.

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Swanton, Christine. "A Virtue Ethical Theory of Role Ethics". Journal of Value Inquiry 50, n.º 4 (29 de novembro de 2016): 687–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10790-016-9582-5.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Ethical Theory"

Chew, C. A. A. M. "Aristotle's ethical theory of action". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597593.

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This dissertation consists of an interpretation of Aristotle’s treatment of wanting, choice and moral responsibility that focuses on action as expressive of emotion and character. It culminates in Aristotelian definitions of: what it is to act virtuously, what it is to act at all, what a virtue is, and what it is for a human being to flourish. Chapter II consists of a detailed reading of Aristotle’s EN III.2-3 analysis of prohairesis (choice, principle) and an interpretation of the ‘practical syllogism’ (MA 7, EN VII.3). It first argues that and explains how prohairesis is thoughtful wanting (boulēsis) in EN III.4 according to which what is thoughtfully wanted is what appears fine and pleasant. It then relates this definition to a distinction between what is pleasant merely because of one’s personality and what is ‘truly’ pleasant to be found in EN X.5. It thereby argues that thoughtful wanting is constituted by emotions, understood as conative states through which ways of acting thought right (wrong) appear pleasant (unpleasant) in imagination. Chapter IV argues that EN III.5 is centred on an analysis of ethical imputation that builds upon the treatment of coerced doing and doing infected by ignorance in EN III.1. Challenging the prevailing ‘ignorance of principle’ – ‘ignorance of fact’ interpretation, it develops and defends a reading according to which culpable (non-culpable) ignorance is ignorance that indicates (does not indicate) failure to apprehend the situation as virtue requires. It thereby argues that according to our practices of ethical imputation as analysed by Aristotle, acting as virtue requires without emoting as virtue requires is impossible.

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Fraser, Veronique. "Ethical theory and ethical analysis tools in humanitarian healthcare aid". Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123072.

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It is increasingly recognized that because humanitarian healthcare workers are trusted to provide support and assistance to vulnerable groups and populations, they have a fiduciary responsibility rendering it important for them to be explicit and thoughtful about how and why they make ethical choices. This thesis explores the ethics of humanitarian healthcare aid and examines how health care professionals can best engage with these issues, from the realm of ideal ethical theory, to the realm of applied ethical analysis tools. It begins with a brief introduction outlining important elements in the history, ideology and ethics of humanitarian healthcare aid. The second chapter provides an overview of how ethical theory, notably: deontology, consequentialism and virtue ethics, underlies and informs humanitarian healthcare aid responses. I argue that familiarity with ethical theory improves moral clarity and enhances ethical deliberation. The realm of ideal ethical theory is at times abstract and so ethical analysis tools have been developed to assist clinicians in day-to-day ethical deliberation. Many argue that ethical analysis tools facilitate more comprehensive and systematic deliberation of ethical issues arising in a variety of healthcare contexts. However, the strengths and limitations of these tools have received little scrutiny or empirical investigation. Chapter three, provides an analysis of the strengths and limitations of analysis tools, and proposes questions for further research and development in four key areas: for what purpose is the tool developed, who is it designed for, when should tools be used, and what is the structure of the tool? I argue that responding to these questions is a requisite step if ethics analysis tools are to continue to be developed and published. Chapter four unites themes from Chapters two and three by presenting a research study investigating the usefulness of a humanitarian healthcare ethical analysis tool (HHEAT) designed to assist humanitarians in the field. Participants in this study were unanimous that the HHEAT helped ensure comprehensive and more organized ethical deliberation, and expressed a preference for a shorter, more concise tool. This study is notable in presenting one of the few attempts to empirically investigate the usefulness of an ethics analysis tool. Based on participant feedback, the HHEAT was shortened and an accompanying handbook was developed. In Chapter five, I conclude that ethical theory and applied analysis tools present mutually reinforcing approaches to ethical deliberation. When used in tandem, each has the potential to enhance ethical deliberation, analysis and justification, which are essential to humanitarian healthcare practice.
On reconnaît de plus en plus que les travailleurs humanitaires, auxquels on fait confiance pour fournir soutien et assistance aux populations et groupes vulnérables, ont une responsabilité fiduciaire et qu'il est important pour eux d'être explicites et réfléchis sur le comment et le pourquoi lorsqu'ils font des choix éthiques. Cette thèse explore l'éthique de l'aide humanitaire et examine quelle est la meilleure façon de traiter de ces questions à partir du domaine de la théorie éthique idéale et du domaine de l'éthique appliquée et des outils d'analyse éthique. La thèse débute avec une brève introduction exposant des éléments importants dans l'histoire, l'idéologie et l'éthique de l'aide humanitaire. Le deuxième chapitre donne un aperçu sur la façon dont la théorie éthique, notamment, la déontologie, le conséquentialisme et l'éthique de la vertu, sous-tend et façonne les réponses humanitaires. Je soutiens qu'une connaissance de la théorie éthique améliore la clarté morale et la délibération éthique. Toutefois, le domaine de la théorie éthique idéale est parfois abstrait et des outils d'analyse éthique ont été développés pour aider les cliniciens dans la délibération éthique quotidienne. Beaucoup soutiennent que les outils d'analyse éthique facilitent une délibération plus complète et plus systématique des problèmes éthiques qui se posent dans une variété de contextes de soins. Cependant, la force et les limites de ces outils n'ont pas été examinées ou validées empiriquement. Dans le chapitre 3, une analyse des points forts et des limites des outils de l'analyse est présentée et des questions pour de futurs projets de recherche sont proposées dans quatre domaines clés: Dans quel but l'outil est-il développé? A qui est-il destiné? Quand ces outils devraient-ils être utilisés? Et quelle est la structure de l'outil? Je soutiens que la réponse à ces questions est une étape indispensable si l'on veut continuer à développer et à publier des outils d'analyse éthique. Le chapitre 4 fait le lien entre les thèmes des chapitres 2 et 3 en présentant le développement et le raffinement d'un outil d'analyse éthique humanitaire (HHEAT) conçu pour aider les travailleurs humanitaires sur le terrain. De façon unanime, les participants à cette étude ont trouvé que le HHEAT a été utile pour assurer une délibération éthique complète et mieux organisée. Ils ont exprimés une préférence pour un outil plus court, plus concis. Cette étude est remarquable car elle représente une des rares tentatives d'investigation sur l'utilité d'un outil d'analyse éthique. En réponse aux commentaires des participants, le HHEAT a été abrégé et un manuel d'accompagnement développé. Dans le chapitre 5, je conclus que l'éthique théorique et les outils d'éthique appliquée présentent des approches qui se renforcent mutuellement dans la délibération éthique. Utilisées en tandem, ces approches ont le potentiel d'améliorer la délibération éthique, l'analyse et la justification qui sont essentiels à la pratique des soins humanitaires.

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Hamman, J. N. (Johannes Nicolaas). "Poststructural ethics and the possibility of a general ethical theory". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51883.

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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is concerned with the possibility and characterisation of poststructural ethics and the ethics of general theories. It contains a review of selected readings on Modernity and provides a "snapshot" of an ethical system that is essentially rule based and privileges rationality. Some of the problems with such a system, such as inflexibility, tolerance based on superiority and force and the privileging of male gender is explored. It proceeds by perusing some literature on postmodernity as an open ethical system in which values are free floating and lists of rules are constantly produced and disregarded in a dizzying ethical free for all in which "anything goes". No value is considered more worthwhile than personal survival. As a starting point for reading Modernity and postmodernity together, Levinas introduces a radical perspective on ethics that can be read as a condemnation of postmodern morality. He relates an ethics in which the survival of the "other" is more important than the survival of the self. However, he does not ground the metaphysics of such a privilege in rationality or knowledge and hence does not turn it into an ethical rule, but rather, subtly shifts the responsibility for the other person to an ultimate responsibility for the Other as God. This radical responsibility is rejected by deconstruction which does not reject either postmodernity or Modernity but is an attempt to think through the limits of rule-orientated rationality, free-play and mystical metaphysics to produce an ethical awareness that has a sensitivity for the complexity of context. Through the notion of "writing", the peculiarities it displays and the objections it attracts, Derrida seeks to establish a uniquely ethical writing that is both a stable manifestation of ethics and a dynamic engagement with those subject to it. With these readings in the background the thesis attempts to provide a framework for poststructural ethics. It is an ethics based in the notion of friendship but does not ground itself in any guarantees. It re-evaluates rationality in terms of a sublime struggle for meaning and truth. This sublime struggle offers a unique perspective on political debates that strive towards responsible development for multicultural societies and also on a sociological approach to law and the ability to dispense justice without undue prejudice. The main contention of the thesis is that although poststructuralism does not suppose a grounding metaphysics in either rationality or responsibility towards God it cannot be satisfied with the self-indulgent nihilism of an "anything goes" postmodernism. Thus, it depends on the notion of a "complex system" that "self-organises" and produces limits through spontaneous connections. Through the working of deconstruction complex systems can take on a more human manifestation as friendships flourish and decay through the interaction of faces.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is gemoeid met die moontlikheid en karakterisering van poststrukturele etiek en die etiek van algemene teorië. Dit bevat In geselekteerde oorsig van Moderniteit en verskaf In "kiekie" van In etiese sisteem wat essentieël op reëls gebasseer is en rationaliteit privilegieer. Sommige probleme met so In sisteem, soos byvoorbeeld onbuigsaamheid, verdraagsaamheid gegrond in superioriteit, geweld en die privilegieering van manlikheid, word ondersoek. Die studie sit voort deur sommige literatuur oor postmoderniteit as In oop etiese sisteem onder oë te neem. So In sisteem veronderstel vryvloeiende waardes en lyste van reëls wat gedurig geproduseer en geabandoneer word in In duisligwekkende etiese vryspel wat beskryf kan word as "anything goes". Geen waarde word hoër geag as persoonlike oorlewing nie. As die beginpunt van In lesing wat Moderniteit en postmoderniteit met mekaar in verband bring verskaf Levinas In radikale perspektief op etiek wat verdoemend staan teenoor die moraliteit van postmoderniteit. Hy beskryf In etiek waarin die oorlewing van die "ander" meer belangrik geag word as die oorlewing van die self. Hy grond egter nie die metafisieka van so In voorreg in rationaliteit of kennis nie, en lê dit dus nie neer as In etiese reël nie, maar verskuif eerder op subtitle wyse verantwoordelikheid vir die ander persoon na In uiteindelike verantwoordelikheid vir die Ander as God. Laasgenoemde radikale verantwoordelikheid word deur dekonstruksie verwerp in In poging om postmoderniteit en Moderniteit saam te snoer en die limiete van reël-georiënteerde rationaliteit, vry-spel en mistiese metafisieka deur te dink. Hierdeur word 'n etiese gewaarwording geproduseer wat sensitiviteit vir die kompleksiteite van konteks vertoon. Deur die nosie van "skryf', die eienaardighede en teenkanting daaraan verbonde, is Derrida op soek na die neerlegging van In unike etiese skryf wat beide In stabille manifestasie van etiek is en 'n dinamiese betrokkenheid by die wat daaraan onderhewig staan. Met hierdie leeswerk in die agtergrond poog die tesis om 'n raamwerk vir poststrukturele etiek daar te stel. Dit is In etiek wat as basis die nosie van vriendskap aanvaar sonder om enige waarborge uit te deel. Rationaliteit word gere-evalueer in terme van In sublime stryd vir betekenis en waarheid. Hierdie sublime stryd bring 'n unieke perspektief na politieke debatte wat volhoubare ontwikkeling in multikulturele samelewings ten doel het en vir In sosiologiese benadering tot die reg en regsvaardigheid. Alhoewel poststrukturele etiek nie In metanarratief veronderstel, soos die etiek van Moderniteit, nie kan dit egter ook nie tevrede wees met die destabiliserende nihilisme van 'n "anything goes" postmodernisme nie. Poststrukturele etiek steun dus swaar op die idee van 'n "komplekse sisteem" wat self-organiseer en llrniette stel deur middel van spontane konneksievorming. Deur die werking van dekonstruksie kan so In komplekse sisteem ook in meer menslike terme verwoord word as vriendskappe wat groei en vergaan in die interaksie tussen "gesigte".

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Cooper, Thomas J. "Ethical theory and business ethics : the search for a new model". Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390031.

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Cronin, John Daniel. "From ethical investment to investment ethics: Towards a normative theory of investment ethics". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15979/1/John_Cronin_Thesis.pdf.

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This study explores the contemporary practice of Ethical and Socially Responsible Investment and concludes that it is based on an ad hoc construct of empirically derived principles, driven mainly by the commercial self-interest of large financial institutions and fund managers. It explores the relationship between investment and morality, to posit a background theory of investment ethics. The study then proposes a move away from the narrow focus of ethical investment to a broader concern for investment ethics. The study introduces the discipline of investment ethics and examines the criteria that form the basis of morality in investment decisions. The resultant theory is intended to be of practical significance in the business and investment domains and to assist potential investors to evaluate investment opportunities in the context of a consistent set of substantive normative ethical principles.

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Cronin, John Daniel. "From ethical investment to investment ethics: Towards a normative theory of investment ethics". Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15979/.

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O'Connor, John Daniel. "Groundwork for a theoretically ambitious and distinctively virtue ethical theory : constitutivist virtue ethics". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25708.

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In this thesis I address two related and rarely asked questions: (i) Is a distinctively virtue ethical theory that is theoretically ambitious possible? (ii) If such a theory is possible, and such a theory is also a credible theory in its own right, then what might such a theory look like? By ‘distinctively virtue ethical,’ I mean a theory in which the virtues and other aretaic concepts are foundational, and which does not collapse into forms of other ethical approaches, such as consequentialism and deontology. By ‘theoretically ambitious,’ I mean a systematic theory that seeks to fulfil all the principal aims of theories of practical reason: to explain, justify, prescribe and to guide action. In this thesis I argue that a distinctively virtue ethical theory that is theoretically ambitious is possible. I do this by working out what such a theory might look like. In developing the theory, I also make a case that the theory is credible and attractive in its own right. In Chapter 1 I look at what makes an ethical theory distinctively virtue ethical. I also argue for a eudaimonic conception of virtue ethics, and determine a number of constraints on such a theory if it is to be distinctively virtue ethical. In Chapter 2 I look at what a more precisely characterised distinctively virtue ethical theory that is theoretically ambitious might look like. I argue in favour of using some ideas derived from Plato. A serious problem remains: the virtue ethical theory I develop in Chapter 2 is unable to give adequate action-guidance, a requirement for the theory to be theoretically ambitious. In Chapter 3 I introduce the central strategy of the thesis: to combine the virtue ethical theory arrived at in Chapter 2 with a form of ethical constitutivism in order to arrive at a distinctively virtue ethical theory that is theoretically ambitious, not least one able to give adequate action-guidance. Chapter 3 is concerned primarily with developing a form of ethical constitutivism suitable for combining with virtue ethics. The chapter is also concerned with examining objections to ethical constitutivism and diagnosing what is required to overcome these objections. In Chapter 4 I combine the virtue ethical theory favoured in Chapter 2 with the form of ethical constitutivism developed in Chapter 3 to form a combined theory. I call this theory: ‘constitutivist virtue ethics.’ I present what the theory involves, and I argue that although the theory incorporates elements from ethical constitutivism, it merits being considered distinctively virtue ethical. I also argue that constitutivist virtue ethics overcomes the objections that, as shown in Chapter 3, ethical constitutivism on its own is unable to overcome. Constitutivist virtue ethics therefore holds out the attractive prospect of a theory incorporating both the advantages of virtue ethics and some of the best of what ethical constitutivism has to offer. In Chapter 5 I address the biggest challenge to constitutivist virtue ethics being regarded as a theoretically ambitious theory: to be able to provide adequate action-guidance. To this end, I present an action-guidance procedure of eight action-guidance principles derived from constitutivist virtue ethics. I then argue that the action-guidance procedure can provide adequate action-guidance, even when faced with a difficult test case. I also examine two objections to the action-guidance procedure, and I argue that these can be overcome. I finish the thesis by considering some topics from the literature relevant to constitutivist virtue ethics, and which might be the basis for further work.

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Murray, Malcolm. "Occurrent Contractarianism: A Preference-Based Ethical Theory". Thesis, University of Waterloo, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/757.

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There is a problem within contractarian ethics that I wish to resolve. It concerns individualpreferences. Contractarianism holds that morality, properly conceived, can satisfy individualpreferences and interests better than amorality or immorality. W hat is unclear, however, iswhether these preferences are those individuals actually hold or those that they should hold. The goal of my thesis is to investigate this question. I introduce a version of contractarian ethicsthat relies on ind ividual preferences in a manner more stringent than has been in the literatureto date.

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Sansbury, George Ernest, e G. Sansbury@latrobe edu au. "The employment relationship and integrated theory". La Trobe University. School of Business, 2004. http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au./thesis/public/adt-LTU20060427.125729.

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This research falls within the field of normative business ethics. Its aim is to examine the moral nature of the employment relationship in western democracies by examining the liberal, democratic justifications that are normally advanced for its probity. Its concern is to challenge the notion that the employment relationship is in conformity with these liberal democratic values. Thus, the research is an exercise in the examination of the application of the liberal, democratic tradition to the social institution of employment. Thus research examines areas of dissonance between the political relationship of employee � employer and the dominant values of the liberal tradition found elsewhere in western democracies. The research firstly identifies the key moral characteristics of the employment relationship in private, capitalist organisations. This is derived from a consideration of the development historically, of the employment relationship, with acknowledgement of the combined influences of statute, common law, contract law and custom in forming the current employee relationship. Secondly, the research identifies the justificatory arguments from the liberal tradition that are normally advanced in support of the employment relationship�s moral probity. These include notions of rights deriving from private property, the separation of social life into public and private spheres and the application of contract law to employment. Thirdly, the research examines these arguments for their moral probity. Specifically, this involves an examination of the arguments regarding the private property status of employing organisations, the application of contract law to employment, the moral characteristics of the master and servant relationship as a basis for employment and the relevance of democratic values within employment. As an additional perspective, the literature on human needs is reviewed as a source, outside of the liberal tradition, for a basis upon which to outline the moral requirements of human relationships to work.

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Boaheng, Paul B. "Skepticism and practical reasoning in Hume's ethical theory". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ51302.pdf.

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Livros sobre o assunto "Ethical Theory"

1941-, Rachels James, ed. Ethical theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

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1941-, Rachels James, ed. Ethical theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

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1941-, Rachels James, ed. Ethical theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

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M, Rosenthal David, e Shehadi Fadlou, eds. Applied ethics and ethical theory. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1988.

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Allsop, Patrick. Ethical theory and New Testament ethics. Southport: Christian Theology Trust, 1993.

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Edel, Abraham. Method in ethical theory. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers, 1994.

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L, Beauchamp Tom, e Bowie Norman E. 1942-, eds. Ethical theory and business. 7^a ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2004.

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L, Beauchamp Tom, e Bowie Norman E. 1942-, eds. Ethical theory and business. 5^a ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1997.

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1948-, Rogerson Kenneth F., ed. Introduction to ethical theory. Fort Worth: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1991.

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L, Beauchamp Tom, e Bowie Norman E. 1942-, eds. Ethical theory and business. 6^a ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1988.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Ethical Theory"

Teays, Wanda. "Ethical Theory". In Doctors and Torture, 111–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22517-9_8.

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Shenkin, Henry A. "Ethical Theory". In Medical Ethics: Evolution, Rights and the Physician, 12–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3338-8_1.

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Perry, Thomas D. "Ethical Theory". In Professional Philosophy, 155–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4532-6_10.

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Macklin, Ruth. "Ethical Theory and Applied Ethics". In Clinical Ethics, 101–24. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3708-2_6.

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Clouser, K. Danner. "Ethical Theory and Applied Ethics". In Clinical Ethics, 161–81. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3708-2_9.

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Muñoz, Daniel, e Sarah Stroud. "Moral Psychology and Motivation". In Ethical Theory, 159–76. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003319962-9.

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Muñoz, Daniel, e Sarah Stroud. "Belief and Ignorance". In Ethical Theory, 195–216. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003319962-11.

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Muñoz, Daniel, e Sarah Stroud. "Introduction". In Ethical Theory, 1–2. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003319962-1.

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Muñoz, Daniel, e Sarah Stroud. "Utility and Consequences". In Ethical Theory, 3–26. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003319962-2.

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Muñoz, Daniel, e Sarah Stroud. "Supererogation". In Ethical Theory, 117–36. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003319962-7.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Ethical Theory"

Tripp, Andrew R. "Architecture after Virtue: Questioning the (Inter)disciplinarity of Ethical and Architectural Theory". In 108th Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.108.86.

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There is much to indicate that ethics is an important field of inquiry for contemporary architects; and yet there is little evidence that this field has been defined in a way that will support ongoing academic and practical inquiry. One impediment to the formation of such a field is the divergence between disciplinary and interdisciplinary understandings of ethics and architecture. Does the conversation on ethics and architecture reflect an interdisciplinary movement? Or is ethical theory already intrinsic to architectural theory? This short essay takes up two antithetical positions in order to initiate a line of questioning critical of both. These positions include, on the one hand, the survival/revival of virtue ethics within the phenomenological school of architectural thinking, identified herein with the architectural theorists Joseph Rykwert and Dalibor Vesely, and on the other hand, the interdisciplinary arguments of architect William Taylor and moral philosopher Michael Levine.

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Valčo, Michal. "ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT". In International Conference on Political Theory: The International Conference on Human Resources for Sustainable Development. Bach Khoa Publishing House, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51316/icpt.hust.2023.34.

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"The research purpose is to explore the ethical implications of AI integration in HRM practices and its potential contribution to sustainable development. Research motivation: The rapid advancement of AI has brought forth numerous opportunities and challenges in HRM, including privacy concerns, bias, and discrimination. However, AI also has the potential to foster a culture of ethics and sustainability in organizations, and to address non-traditional security challenges and promote economic self-reliance. Research design, approach, and method: This paper will conduct a literature review of the latest research on AI in HRM and its ethical implications. The review will examine the relationship between AI and the ethical dimensions of HRM, such as privacy, surveillance, bias, and discrimination. It will also discuss the role of AI in fostering a culture of ethics and sustainability within organizations, and how it can be utilized to address non-traditional security challenges and promote an independent and self-reliant economy. Main findings: AI in HRM raises significant ethical concerns, including privacy and surveillance concerns, the potential for bias and discrimination, and the risk of over-reliance on AI at the expense of human judgment. AI has the potential to contribute significantly to sustainable development by optimizing resource allocation, improving efficiency, and facilitating decision-making processes. It can also foster a culture of ethics and sustainability within organizations and address non-traditional security challenges. However, the potential negative impacts of AI on sustainable development, such as its significant energy consumption and the risk of job displacement, should not be overlookedPractical/managerial implications: To harness the potential of AI in HRM while mitigating its risks, it is crucial to establish best practices and guidelines for its ethical use. These should include defining clear goals and objectives for AI implementation, involving stakeholders in the process, ensuring data quality, continuously monitoring and evaluating AIdriven processes, and addressing ethical considerations. Organizations must also carefully consider and address the challenges of implementing AI in HRM, such as data privacy concerns, algorithmic bias, ethical considerations, resistance to change, integration with existing systems, ensuring AI complements human decision-making, legal and regulatory compliance, and skills gap."

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Schultz, Robert. "Information Technology and the Ethics of Globalization". In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3250.

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Globalization, the coalescence of the economies and cultures of this planet, has raised new ethical issues. Information Technology (IT) is an enabler of globalization, but IT also produces new ethical problems. There is already a substantial literature in philosophy and political theory on globalized ethics, but not much on IT’s special impact on globalized ethics. This paper is a sketch of the main argument of a book I am writing on this topic. I first give examples of to show how these IT-enabled global ethical problems come about. Then, in the second and third parts of the paper I briefly summarize the main theories of globalized ethics and show their inadequacies in dealing with IT-enabled global ethical problems. In the final part, I sketch a social contract approach which can begin to deal with these IT-enabled global ethical problems. This approach derives from the work of John Rawls (1999a) on justice.

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Ivlev, Vitaliy Yu, Marina I. Ivleva e Marina L. Ivleva. "Ethical Aspects of the Theory of "Green Economy"". In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Ecological Studies (CESSES 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cesses-19.2019.245.

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Binti Rahim, Nurul Amirah, e Jamaludin Ibrahim. "Maqasid al-Shari'ah as Ethical Theory for Consultants". In 2018 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for the Muslim World (ICT4M). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ict4m.2018.00025.

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Jewels, Tony, e Nina Evans. "Ethical IT Behaviour as a Function of Environment". In InSITE 2005: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2881.

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Research is currently being undertaken to compare attitudes and behaviour towards ethics in information technology between students at an Australian and a South African university. This work provides a background to ethics from the literature from which a behavioural model for micro-level ethical standards is proposed. Using a theoretical underpinning of Fishbein & Azjen’s Theory of Reasoned Action, a survey document has been developed to identify and compare what constructs most affect an individual’s intention to behave in situations requiring ethical considerations.

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Herzog, Christian, e Hermann Diebel-Fischer. "Teaching ethics through the back door? Employing ideas from assemblage theory to foster a responsible innovation mindset". In SEFI 50th Annual conference of The European Society for Engineering Education. Barcelona: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788412322262.1390.

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Adding ethics courses to engineering curricula seeks to equip students with the critical mindset that enables careers committed to serving humanity. Yet, the knowledge of ethical theories is neither a necessary, let alone sufficient condition for being good [1]. There is no automatism that translates ethical knowledge into action, overriding attitudes that were developed during the enculturation of a student. However, we deem teaching assemblage theory a promising means to achieve a sustained commitment to responsible innovation practice. We base our argument on assemblage theory’s (cf. [2, 3]) capacity to conceptualize the interplay of human actors and technological artefacts in terms of dynamic evolutionary systems. The notion of an assemblage as a collection of potentially heterogeneous elements that—despite displaying consistency—remains malleable through reorganization, interconnection and, (re- )attribution forms the ontological basis that guides a conceptual approach to thinking in-between the extremes of technological determinism and social constructivism. Information algorithms, e.g., can be regarded as having the power to facilitate ethical action as part of a larger assemblage [4] and artificial intelligence can arguably only be understood as “trustworthy” within sociotechnological systems in which a shared responsibility realizes both epistemic and moral conditions for trust [5]. Ultimately, we intend engineering students to realize the extent of their influence on the world and, therefore, their responsibility for contributing to a prosperous community. Thus, ethics is not only taught by conveying its classical normative theories but rather explored by discovering the entangledness of technology and society.

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Ganglmair-Wooliscroft, Alexandra, e Ben Wooliscroft. "TOURIST INNOVATIVENESS & ETHICAL TOURIST BEHAVIOR". In Bridging Asia and the World: Globalization of Marketing & Management Theory and Practice. Korean academy of marketing science, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15444/gmc2014.01.02.04.

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Townsend, Victoria, Pierre Boulos e Jill Urbanic. "An Ethical Roadmap for Engineering Participatory Design and Sociotechnical Participation: A Manufacturing Case Study". In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38492.

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Participatory design (PD) is a sociotechnical approach grounded in mutual learning between various stakeholders in a design process. The PD literature emphasizes that authentic participation requires a critical ethical foundation, which, in turn, requires designers to be aware of this ethical foundation and bring it to bear on the design process. Since this is an emerging field in engineering, and since the ethical foundation is critical, it is important for engineers to seek clarity around the ethical considerations for utilizing PD and other sociotechnical methods involving participation. The purpose of the research presented here is to contribute to this clarity, in the context of manufacturing systems design, with the following question: what are the ethical considerations involved in participatory design, in engineering research and practice? To answer this, a case study research methodology is positioned as a nexus between research and practice. A roadmap of ethical considerations relating PD and manufacturing is developed by triangulating between internationally accepted research ethics principles, a professional engineering code of ethics, and an industrial case study with eight participants engaged in PD. This ethical roadmap is useful to engineering researchers and practitioners when using PD and sociotechnical approaches where participation is involved, to encourage a high standard of ethical practice and supporting theory.

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Cuenca, Llanos, e Andrés Boza. "ETHICAL COMPETENCE ASSESSMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION. THROUGH THE KOHLBERG’S THEORY". In 13th International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2019.2426.

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Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Ethical Theory"

Kafi, Md Abdullahil, e Casey R. Stannard. Investigating Ethical Fashion Consumerism Practices: Multi-theory Approach. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-348.

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HEFNER, Robert. IHSAN ETHICS AND POLITICAL REVITALIZATION Appreciating Muqtedar Khan’s Islam and Good Governance. IIIT, outubro de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47816/01.001.20.

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Ours is an age of pervasive political turbulence, and the scale of the challenge requires new thinking on politics as well as public ethics for our world. In Western countries, the specter of Islamophobia, alt-right populism, along with racialized violence has shaken public confidence in long-secure assumptions rooted in democracy, diversity, and citizenship. The tragic denouement of so many of the Arab uprisings together with the ascendance of apocalyptic extremists like Daesh and Boko Haram have caused an even greater sense of alarm in large parts of the Muslim-majority world. It is against this backdrop that M.A. Muqtedar Khan has written a book of breathtaking range and ethical beauty. The author explores the history and sociology of the Muslim world, both classic and contemporary. He does so, however, not merely to chronicle the phases of its development, but to explore just why the message of compassion, mercy, and ethical beauty so prominent in the Quran and Sunna of the Prophet came over time to be displaced by a narrow legalism that emphasized jurisprudence, punishment, and social control. In the modern era, Western Orientalists and Islamists alike have pushed the juridification and interpretive reification of Islamic ethical traditions even further. Each group has asserted that the essence of Islam lies in jurisprudence (fiqh), and both have tended to imagine this legal heritage on the model of Western positive law, according to which law is authorized, codified, and enforced by a leviathan state. “Reification of Shariah and equating of Islam and Shariah has a rather emaciating effect on Islam,” Khan rightly argues. It leads its proponents to overlook “the depth and heights of Islamic faith, mysticism, philosophy or even emotions such as divine love (Muhabba)” (13). As the sociologist of Islamic law, Sami Zubaida, has similarly observed, in all these developments one sees evidence, not of a traditionalist reassertion of Muslim values, but a “triumph of Western models” of religion and state (Zubaida 2003:135). To counteract these impoverishing trends, Khan presents a far-reaching analysis that “seeks to move away from the now failed vision of Islamic states without demanding radical secularization” (2). He does so by positioning himself squarely within the ethical and mystical legacy of the Qur’an and traditions of the Prophet. As the book’s title makes clear, the key to this effort of religious recovery is “the cosmology of Ihsan and the worldview of Al-Tasawwuf, the science of Islamic mysticism” (1-2). For Islamist activists whose models of Islam have more to do with contemporary identity politics than a deep reading of Islamic traditions, Khan’s foregrounding of Ihsan may seem unfamiliar or baffling. But one of the many achievements of this book is the skill with which it plumbs the depth of scripture, classical commentaries, and tasawwuf practices to recover and confirm the ethic that lies at their heart. “The Quran promises that God is with those who do beautiful things,” the author reminds us (Khan 2019:1). The concept of Ihsan appears 191 times in 175 verses in the Quran (110). The concept is given its richest elaboration, Khan explains, in the famous hadith of the Angel Gabriel. This tradition recounts that when Gabriel appeared before the Prophet he asked, “What is Ihsan?” Both Gabriel’s question and the Prophet’s response make clear that Ihsan is an ideal at the center of the Qur’an and Sunna of the Prophet, and that it enjoins “perfection, goodness, to better, to do beautiful things and to do righteous deeds” (3). It is this cosmological ethic that Khan argues must be restored and implemented “to develop a political philosophy … that emphasizes love over law” (2). In its expansive exploration of Islamic ethics and civilization, Khan’s Islam and Good Governance will remind some readers of the late Shahab Ahmed’s remarkable book, What is Islam? The Importance of Being Islamic (Ahmed 2016). Both are works of impressive range and spiritual depth. But whereas Ahmed stood in the humanities wing of Islamic studies, Khan is an intellectual polymath who moves easily across the Islamic sciences, social theory, and comparative politics. He brings the full weight of his effort to conclusion with policy recommendations for how “to combine Sufism with political theory” (6), and to do so in a way that recommends specific “Islamic principles that encourage good governance, and politics in pursuit of goodness” (8).

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Wambua, Joel, Nicholas Owsley e Tom Wein. Participant voice first: The Busara research agenda on ethical research in the Global South. Busara, julho de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62372/nqpf8886.

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Busara is dedicated to advancing and applying behavioral science in the Global South. We recognize the power imbalances in research and aim to improve their approach to be more ethical. To achieve this, we propose to organize and formalize our research agenda on ethics, focusing on the voices of research participants and their societies. We plan to conduct empirical studies to understand the preferences and experiences of participants, co-create and disseminate changes to research processes, and prioritize racial, gender, and social justice in our ethical practices. Our ultimate goal is to produce better quality research that respects the dignity of participants and serves the communities we study.

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Broad, Ellen, Amanda Smith e Peter Wells. Helping organisations navigate ethical concerns in their data practices. Open Data Institute, setembro de 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.61557/meaj7690.

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Stanley-Lockman, Zoe. Responsible and Ethical Military AI. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, agosto de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20200091.

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Allies of the United States have begun to develop their own policy approaches to responsible military use of artificial intelligence. This issue brief looks at key allies with articulated, emerging, and nascent views on how to manage ethical risk in adopting military AI. The report compares their convergences and divergences, offering pathways for the United States, its allies, and multilateral institutions to develop common approaches to responsible AI implementation. Download Full Report

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Reeve, Tammy. Pitfalls of Designing, Developing, and Maintaining Modular Avionics Systems in the Name of Sustainability. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, maio de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2024010.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Sustainability is both an ethical responsibility and business concern for the aerospace industry. Military and commercial avionics developers have pushed toward a common standard for interfaces, computing platforms, and software in hopes of having “reusability” and reducing weight with backplane computing architectures which, in theory, would support commonality across aircraft systems. The integrated modular avionics (IMA) and military Future Airborne Capability Environment (FACE) standards are two such examples. They emerged to support common computing architectures for reuse and sustainability concepts, from the beginning of aircraft development to the sundown or mortality phase.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>Pitfalls of Designing, Developing, and Maintaining Modular Avionics Systems in the Name of Sustainability</b> looks at technological, organizational, and cultural challenges making reuse and IMA platform models difficult to fully realize their sustainability goals. Additionally, it considers the certification aspects of reuse and examines lessons learned from a successful reusable and sustainable platform.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank">Click here to access the full SAE EDGE</a><sup>TM</sup><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank"> Research Report portfolio.</a></div></div>

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Glick, Mark, Gabriel A. Lozada e Darren Bush. Why Economists Should Support Populist Antitrust Goals. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, dezembro de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp195.

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Antitrust economists have generally supported the Consumer Welfare Standard as a guide to antitrust policy questions because of its origins in Marshall’s consumer surplus approach and the general economic surplus approach to welfare economics. But welfare economists no longer support the surplus approach because decades of research pertaining to the surplus approach have uncovered numerous inconsistencies and serious ethical challenges. However, the surplus approach to welfare survives in industrial organization textbooks and among industrial organization economists that specialize in antitrust. We argue in this paper that the Consumer Welfare Standard is not a reliable standard and should be abandoned. We cite several reasons: (1) it limits antitrust goals a priori without any defensible justification, (2) it considers all transfers of surplus between stakeholders in antitrust cases to be welfare neutral, (3) it is biased in favor of big business and the rich, and (4) the accumulation of inconsistencies and problems documented by welfare economists renders the theory completely unreliable. In a final section of the paper, we preliminarily contend that modern research in welfare economics concerning the factors that influence human welfare could be used to inform a more progressive standard for determining antitrust goals.

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Larezos, Margaret C. Leaders Can Learn from Druyun's Ethical Lapses and Their Consequences. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, março de 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada479003.

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Atabey, Ayça, Cory Robinson, Anna Lindroos Cermakova, Andra Siibak e Natalia Ingebretsen Kucirkova. Ethics in EdTech: Consolidating Standards For Responsible Data Handling And Usercentric Design. University in Stavanger, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.283.

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This report proposes aspirational principles for EdTech providers, emphasizing ethical practices, robust data protection, ownership rights, transparent consent processes, and active user engagement, particularly with children. These measures aim to enhance transparency, accountability, and trust in EdTech platforms. Focusing on the K12 sector, the report systematically reviews and integrates key academic, legal, and technical frameworks to propose ethical benchmarks for the EdTech industry. The benchmarks go beyond quality assurance, highlighting good practices and ethical leadership for the field. The report addresses the need for a new culture in EdTech ethics, one that is collaborative and views EdTech providers as partners in dialogue with researchers and policy-makers to identify constructive solutions and uphold social trust. The outlined benchmarks are intended for national policymakers, international agencies, and certification bodies to consider when developing quality standards for EdTech used in schools. They include AI safeguards and stress the importance of meeting international data protection standards, establishing clear ownership rights, and implementing transparent consent processes to address data control issues, as well as active user engagement for improving data governance practices.

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Maley, William. Research as an Outsider: Positionality, Ethics, and Risk. RESOLVE Network, dezembro de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/rve2021.7.

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Outsiders—or “foreigners”—who study violent extremism in affected countries can have multiple iden- tities as students of violent extremism, as students of the countries in question, and as “foreigners” to the contexts they study. They often have long-standing personal relationships with local community members and in some cases they have spent more time living in the countries they study than in their countries of nationality. Yet they inhabit an ambiguous space, being “insiders” in the eyes of some, and “outsiders” in the eyes of others. This ambiguity gives rise to both practical and ethical challenges in undertaking fieldwork. The following reflections draw on the author’s own experiences to illustrate some of the complexities associated with positionality, ethics, and risk as well as important considerations that all researchers should take into account when undertaking fieldwork in a country other than their own.

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