Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Enfants maltraités – Psychologie"
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Luce, Audrey. "Le rôle de la maltraitance et du tempérament sur le développement de la "lecture" des expressions émotionnelles à l'adolescence". Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUEL043.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this thesis was to examine the contributions of temperamental dispositions and of maltreating experiences on the development of emotion discrimination abilities between static and dynamic emotional expressions and of emotion attribution abilities in 7 to 16 years old children and adolescents. 84 non maltreated and 48 non clinical maltreated children and adolescent's temperament was assessed (Experiment 1). The development of emotional processing was slower in maltreated children and adolescents, especially for negative emotional experssions, compared to control youngsters. « Timid » and « Impulsive » temperamental profiles on the one hand, and transfer to foster care after 5 years old on the other hand accentuated maltreated youngsters' slow processing. These results suggest that variations in children and adolescents' experiences and internal predispositions influence the interpretation and understanding of emotional signals. These results are discussed with the frame of transactional and developmental theories
Job, Romain. "L'audition des enfants par les enquêteurs : formation et utilisation du protocole du NICHD en France". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILH070.
Texto completo da fonteWhen children are victims, their testimony is often central to the investigation process. In recent decades, several interview techniques have been developed and tested to ensure that the child's testimony is gathered under the best possible conditions. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) interview protocol currently appears to be one of the most recommended and validated techniques at the international level. It was included in the training programs of French gendarmes and police officers in 2016. However, since then, no study has examined the impact of this implementation on field practice. The objectives of this research are therefore to learn more about how child testimonies are gathered in France, to verify whether national and international recommendations have been followed, and whether the training courses provided have enabled the NICHD protocol to be effectively implemented. In 2021, most interviews with child victims were video-recorded and took place in a dedicated room. However, the majority of investigators interviewing children were not trained in the NICHD protocol. Moreover, child witnesses seemed to be interviewed under less optimal conditions. Investigators trained in the NICHD protocol reported adopting best practices in interviews more often than those who had not received such training. These self-reported practices, collected via an online questionnaire, were confirmed by an analysis of 92 interview reports and transcripts of pre- and post-training interviews. The pre-training interviews did not comply with the recommendations: invitations, although strongly recommended, were the questions least used; conversely, closed and suggestive questions accounted for 58% of the questions asked, although they should be avoided. In contrast, the post-training interviews were of much higher quality: they contained over 7 times more invitations, 2 times more facilitators, and 2 times fewer suggestive questions than the pre-training interviews. These results confirm the value of the French training in the NICHD protocol. However, despite the improvement in quality, there is still room for improvement in questioning: not all trained interviewers use the protocol all the time, and the time that has elapsed since training has led to a deterioration in the quality of questions. To better understand the reasons why French interviewers use or don't use the protocol, we mobilized a model of acceptance and usability of a new technology, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. We found that the more trained interviewers believe that the protocol help them to interview children better (performance expectation), and that it requires little effort to implement (effort expectation), the more they intend to use the NICHD protocol during interviews. This intention to use the NICHD protocol and the presence of sufficient material and intellectual resources (facilitating conditions) are important predictors of the actual use of the NICHD protocol in interviews. A number of recommendations have been put forward to increase the intention and effective use of the protocol in the field
Omar, Amer. "L'estime de soi d'adolescents ayant subi une expérience violente : étude interculturelle franco-syrienne". Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H128/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is aimed to test whether adolescents who have undergone an experience of violence have differs level of self-esteem from those that have never been; this study is towards a Franco-Syrian intercultural context. Two groups of 300 adolescents aged 14-19 years participated in this thesis. Syrian group is composed of 150 adolescents living in Damascus, while the French group is composed of 150 adolescents living in Ile de France. Data were collected using the questionnaire defined the forms of violence experienced and that of Toulouse's self-esteem scale. Three hypotheses are formulated to be treated statically. The first one shows a higher level of suffered violence among the Syrian group. The second proves that the French group obtains a higher level of self-esteem than Syrian group. The third is negatively related violence to self-esteem, noted that adolescents with no violence experiment have a better level of self-esteemthan those who were less fortunates during childhood or adolescence
Berthelot, Nicolas. "L'impact de la maltraitance sur l'attachement et le fonctionnement réflexif et implications pour la relation d'attachement mère-enfant". Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27570/27570.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteCharest, Émilie. "Adoption et mise en œuvre d'un programme éprouvé de soutien à la parentalité par des intervenants sociaux et éducatifs". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36234.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis aimed at assessing service providers’ initial stance toward the implementation of a multi-level/multimodality evidence-based program (EBP). It also aimed at examining the association between initial stance and subsequent program use during the first two years of active implementation. To do so, the thesis examined the implementation of the EBP Triple P – Positive Parenting Program (Sanders, Cann, & Markie-Dadds, 2003) in the province of Quebec, Canada. In the first part of the thesis, profiles of providers were identified based on their pre-implementation attitudes toward EBPs, self-efficacy in conducting behavioral family interventions with parents, perception of their perception of their training needs related to working with parents, perception of the adequacy of their organization’s offices and physical space available to support the implementation of Triple P, and perception of the facilitators and barriers to its implementation (characteristics of the agency, staff and team leader). A latent profile analysis was conducted, and a two-profile solution was chosen as the best representation of the data. The two profiles differed mainly by the level of optimism or skepticism toward the implementation of Triple P. The associations between the profiles and three retrospective self-reported measures of program use (whether or not the provider used Triple P at least once during the 2-year period following their initial training) and amount of program use (number of families reached during the 2-year period, and number of sessions conducted during the last six months) were examined. Program use and amount of program use did not differ between the two profiles, suggesting that agencies willing to implement a new program should not held back from involving more skeptical providers into the implementation efforts. In the second part of the thesis, the indicators of initial stance, as well as sociodemographic characteristics were used to predict program use and amount of program use. Amount of program use was assessed using three self-reported prospective indicators (number of parent reached, number of activities conducted, and total duration of Triple P interventions conducted during the two-year period following initial training). An exploratory factorial analysis confirmed the adequacy of integrating these three measures within a multidimensional usage index. Regression analyses showed the influence of individual and contextual factors on the usage of an EBP. The thesis highlighted that, when implementing a new EBP, what matters is not to target only optimistic providers to receive training, but rather provide all providers with adequate support in order to reduce organizational barriers to implementation. It also underlined the importance of studying many indicators of usage in implementation research.
Boilard, Alexandra. "Représentations des pratiques parentales, de la maltraitance et de la protection de la jeunesse : une comparaison entre parents québécois et colombiens". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27038.
Texto completo da fonteImmigration has been increasing for the past 25 years in Canada. Between 1999 and 2008, the largest group of refugees settling in the province of Quebec came from Colombia. This increase in population diversity is not without consequences for public health institutions. This is true in particular for the child welfare system in which migrant and refugee families are overrepresented. It is also recognized that the acculturation process causes a change in parental roles. Furthermore, research has established a link between the endorsement of certain values, such as family-orientation (familismo) and adherence to gender roles (machismo), to explain the practices of « latino » migrant parents and the way they represent their possible implication in public health institutions. This comparative study aims to explore three types of representations among parents: parenting practices, maltreatment and child welfare system. This exploration was conducted among two groups of parents in Quebec: Quebecers and Colombians who migrated to Quebec city. A mixed method design was privileged and included focus groups. A total of 49 participants (Quebecers: 30, 5 focus groups and Colombians: 19, 4 focus groups) took part in focus group discussions and each participant completed three questionnaires. These questionnaires measured familismo, machismo and acculturation. The mean scores of familismo, machismo and acculturation were integrated into the thematic analysis. It appears that Quebecers’ and Colombians’ representations of maltreatment and child welfare system, as well as parenting practices differ very little. However, differences between Colombians and Quebecers emerged concerning representations of the development of autonomy and the idealization of children's success. The role of the institution, and more precisely of the child welfare system, in familial conflict resolution also raises contrasting speech between the two groups. Considering the diversity of Quebec’s society, migrant parents’ representations should be taken into account when intervening among these families. Information concerning the functioning of the child welfare system should be disseminated among migrant parents to demystify the role of this system.
La inmigración en Canadá ha aumentando en los últimos 25 años. En Quebec, entre 1999 y 2008, se encontró que los Colombianos fueron la población más propensa a inmigrar en calidad de refugiados. Este aumento de la diversidad de la población ha tenido consecuencias en las instituciones de salud pública. En particular en el área de la protección de la juventud en donde están sobrerrepresentadas las familias migrantes y refugiadas. También se reconoce que el proceso de aculturación provoca un cambio en los roles parentales. Además, la investigación ha establecido un vínculo entre el respaldo de ciertos valores, entre ellos los valores orientados a la familia (familismo) y los roles de género (machismo) para explicar las prácticas de los padres migrantes « latino » y la forma en que hacen uso de las instituciones. Este estudio comparativo busca explorar, desde los padres, las representaciones de las prácticas de crianza hacia sus hijos, el abuso y la protección de la juventud. Esta exploración se llevó a cabo entre dos poblaciones de padres en Quebec : Quebequenses y Colombianos que emigraron a Quebec. Un método mixto de grupos focales (GF) se llevó a cabo. Un total de 49 participantes (Quebequenses: 30, 5 GF y Colombianos: 19, 4 GF) han respondido a tres cuestionarios diferentes que miden el familismo, el machismo y la aculturación. Los promedios de familismo, del machismo y la aculturación se integraron en el análisis temático. Los resultados sugieren que los Quebequenses y Colombianos no difieren mucho en las prácticas de crianza y las representaciones del abuso y de la protección de la juventud. Sin embargo, la cuestión del desarrollo de la autonomía y la idealización de éxito de los niños son dos grandes temas en donde se encontraron diferencias. El rol que el gobierno asume a través del sistema de la protección de la juventud en la resolución de conflictos de la familia también plantea un discurso contrastante. El lugar que los padres migrantes ocupan en la sociedad debería influenciar el funcionamiento de las instituciones en la intervención y la difusión de información del sistema de la protección de la juventud.
Janser, Bertrand. "Les mauvais traitements à enfant : aspects psychologiques : à propos d'une enquête portant sur 48 signalements d'enfants maltraités hospitalisés en Chirurgie Infantile". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR1M211.
Texto completo da fonteDelaville, Emeline. "Régulation émotionnelle des enfants et adolescents placés : de la maltraitance au parcours de placement : une approche au prisme des stratégies de coping et du tempérament". Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR2002.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis deals with the emotional regulation of foster children and adolescents placed to the “Aide Sociale à l’Enfance”. We approach the subject through the prism of developmental psychopathology, related to the theory of attachment. The coping strategies and temperament are studied as emotional regulators. The issue is to study the effects of maltreatment and of the placement trajectory in order to highlight the resources and vulnerabilities of these young people. This thesis develops a quantitative approach based on two series of questionnaires carried out on maltreated youth and from a control sample. The results shed light on the risk and protective factors generated by such life and highlight the specific needs of these young people. A number of recommendations are made to invite child protection institutions to propose other means of support, with the goal of promoting tailor-made care, adapted to the characteristics of the foster children and adolescents
Oncioiu, Sinziana. "Le développement de l’intimidation par les pairs entre 6 et 17 ans : trajectoires, antécédents et conséquences en étude longitudinale populationnelle". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0201.
Texto completo da fonteLong considered by many as a rite of passage for school-aged children, peer victimization has become an important public health issue given its prevalence and serious impact on child mental health and well-being. Peer victimization is the experience of being the target of peers’ hostile behaviors intended to inflict physical harm or psychological distress. Across countries and cultures, one in three children reports victimization by peers at some point during their school years. About 5-15% of youth are exposed to chronic peer victimization and are at increased risk of mental health problems, including anxiety, depression and suicidality. To date, universal preventive interventions of peer victimization at the school level have shown significant but modest effects in reducing victimization. However, these interventions generally do not address individual or familial factors that may increase the likelihood of being a target of peers’ hostile behavior. Understanding the role such preexisting vulnerabilities play for subsequent peer victimization experiences may be particularly important during early childhood, a central period for social development and the initiation of peer relationships. Furthermore, the evidence on the development of peer victimization across childhood and adolescence including the association of its timing and intensity with mental health outcomes is scarce. This limits our understanding of the periods in child development that would be most appropriate for early prevention of peer victimization. The objectives of the current thesis were to examine (1) the developmental trajectories of peer victimization from 6 to 17 years of age; and its association with (2) a wide range of early childhood behaviors and socio-environmental factors and (3) mental health comorbidities in young adulthood. We used data from the Quebec Longitudinal study of Child Development, a population-based birth cohort of 2120 children followed-up yearly or every other year from birth to 20 years old. In Study 1, we identified four developmental trajectories of peer victimization. Approximately one-third of children were in the low victimization trajectory. The remaining two-thirds of children were in either the childhood-limited trajectory (26%), in which high early childhood victimization decreased by adolescence; in the moderate adolescence-emerging trajectory (30%), in which victimization was moderate, relatively stable and above normative levels across adolescence; or the high-chronic trajectory (11%), in which victimization was persistently higher compared to peers. Furthermore, we found that early childhood externalizing behaviors and family vulnerabilities (i.e., having a father with a history of antisocial behavior or living in a separated family) were associated with the development of peer victimization. In Study 2, we showed that parents’ choice regarding the age at entry into and the frequency of use of child care services does not have an effect on their offspring’s experiences of peer victimization in the long-term. Finally, in Study 3 we showed that all peer victimization experiences, even those limited to childhood, were associated with mental health comorbidities in young adulthood. However, persistent victimization was associated with complex mental health comorbidity patterns. Taken together, these results suggest that continued prevention of peer victimization could help reduce the burden of severe and complex mental health problems in youth. Moreover, early support and targeted preventive interventions for vulnerable children and their families could help break the cycle of persistent peer victimization
Bazex, Hélène. "La maltraitance familiale sur enfant : la spécificité des relations entre les co-acteurs de l'intervention : processus de maitrise et de réparation, mécanismes de défense et états métamotivationnels". Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20031.
Texto completo da fonteThe main objective of this work is to identify the mechanisms (specially, defense mechanisms) and the psychodynamic processes at work in child protection system institutions. The child protection system is presented in terms of contextual concepts as well as a literature review on the clinical and psychopathological aspects of the different actors involved in the system (abused children, abusive parents, and child protection professionals). A hypothesis was formulated using psychodynamic theories postulating that parental and infantile psychopathology implicates a subjective participation of child protection professionals. This process was studied in terms of the relationships between the different participants using qualitative methodology (case studies of five different types of placements situations), including semi-directive interviews, biographical interviews, and projective tests. The results from this study allowed for the formulation of statistical hypotheses concerning the metamotivational states of child protection professionals with regards to their work (89 subjects). The results indicate the pertinence of applying psychodynamic theory to institutional relationships and provide for the development of theoretical and practical perspectives within the framework of service delivery in child protective sevices
Perron-Bouchard, Marie-Ève. "Personnalité, fonctionnement réflexif et ajustement conjugal dans un contexte de traumas en enfance : associations avec les pratiques parentales et la désorganisation de l'attachement de l'enfant". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27269.
Texto completo da fonteHilger, Geoffroy. "L'enfant victime de sa famille". Thesis, Lille 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL20020/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe child protection represents a major cause for concern of our law, so that the minor doesn’t sustain damage. This protection is firstly performed by the family. So, it may seem surprising that the child is victim of his family, as far as parents must act in the interests of the child. The notion of child victim of his family doesn’t exist as such in our law. The victim often endures an injury caused by a third person and not by a family member. The study of situations where the child may suffer an infringement of his personality rights, due to act or omission of one of the family members, allowed conceptualization of the notion of child victim of family. It was thus possible to characterize the different realities encountered, according to their similarities or dissimilarities. This empirical analysis led to ascertain categories of child victims of their families and the corresponding legal system. It had especially as a consequence new protection instruments research, appropriate to specifics assumptions studied. This process allowed social or family realities encountered getting to legal validity. It was also an opportunity to bring out foundations of the concept of child victim of family, in so far as law has hallowed situations of child victims of their families. However, emergence of new social realities necessitated the renewal of the concept of child victim of family, in order to alleviate the limits of the foundations of the notion and to guarantee effective representation of this phenomenon in legal speech
Lachance-Guay, Rhéanne. "L'effet des pratiques parentales sur la relation entre le tempérament et la manifestation de symptômes traumatiques chez les enfants maltraités". Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23573.
Texto completo da fonteThe purpose of this study is to better understand how parenting practices combined with the child’s temperament can account for traumatic symptoms that may be manifested by children who have been found to be maltreated for youth protection. With this is mind, we investigated the correlational relationship between these variables of interest and also explored two models to test the extent to which parenting practices can mediate or moderate the relationship between temperament and traumatic symptoms. This study is part of a broader research project entitled : Parcours d’enfants en contexte d’adversité : étude sur les facteurs d’influence des trajectoires d’adaptation à l’âge scolaire. For this study, the sample consists of 20 parent-child pairs living in the Montreal and Quebec City areas. The parents were asked to complete three questionnaires (Children Behavior Questionnaire-Very Short Version, Parenting Scale and Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children) to measure their perception of the three variables, while the children only completed the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children. The analysis of linear regressions made it possible to detect certain significant relationships between the sub-scales composing the temperament and the different dimensions evaluated by the questionnaire of traumatic symptoms. In addition, the analyses of mediation and moderation carried out in order to explore the transactional or interactional role of parenting practices in the relationship between temperament and traumatic symptoms have not allowed us to determine the mechanism by which parenting practices can intervene in the relationship between temperament and manifestations of traumatic symptoms in children reported for maltreatment. The small size of the sample could certainly be involved in the non-significant results obtained. These results are discussed in light of the scientific literature on the subject. Finally, the limitations and contributions for future research are also raised.
Bisaillon, Claude. "Attachement et adaptation socioémotionnelle chez des enfants hébergés en centre jeunesse". Thèse, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1757/1/D1741.pdf.
Texto completo da fontePulver, Caroline. "La représentation sociale des mauvais traitements psychologiques envers les enfants en service de garde". Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2250/1/M10979.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteParadis, Alison. "Maltraitances dans l'enfance, problèmes interpersonnels, et violence dans les relations de couple : différences de trajectoires entre hommes et femmes". Thèse, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5471/1/D2438.pdf.
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