Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Effets ionisants"
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BERTIN, FEURGARD CATHERINE. "Effets des rayonnements ionisants sur les lipoproteines plasmatiques". Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066414.
Texto completo da fonteRoch, Martine. "Simulation des effets physiques et chimiques des rayonnements ionisants au niveau de l'ADN". Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30219.
Texto completo da fonteBruno, Alain. "Effets cellulaires des rayonnements ionisants sur les cellules hématopoïétiques immatures". Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA11T021.
Texto completo da fonteUsing cell lines representative of hemopoietic differentiation, we showed that immature hemopoietic CD34+ cells are less sensitive to ionizing radiation than mature CD34- cells. Ln immature cells, ionizing radiation activate apoptotic cell death related to neutra! sphingomyelinase stimulation responsible for nuclear sphingomyelin hydrolysis and nuclear ceramide generation. Ln CD34+ cells, ionizing radiation do not produce neither ceramide nor apoptosis, and activate delayed reproductive cell death (mitotic cell death). These results suggest that nuclear neutra! sphingomyelinase plays a pivotai role in the cellular response of ionizing radiation. Ln a second part, we tried to determine the mecanisms responsible for negative regulation of nuclear sphingomyelinase in CD34+ cells. We first considered nuclear proteolytic events. Thus, we provided evidences for the presence of the serine-protease, Granzyme B, in the nucleus of CD34+ cells. We showed that ionizing radiation up-regulates Granzyme B expression both in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of these cells. This overexpression is not responsible for the lack of apoptotic response of CD34+ cells to ionizing radiation. Lnterestingly, we observed that Granzyme B overexpression confers a potent cytotoxic ability to these cells towards target cell lines of myeloid and lymphoid origin. Our results suggest that when irradiated, CD34+ cells acquire cytotoxic potential toward cells of the medullar environment. Conversely, in cytotoxic T lymphocytes, ionizing radiation triggers down-regulation of Granzyme B expression correlated with the loss of cytotoxic function. These results suggest immunosuppressor effects of ionizing radiation, related to their capacity to modulate Granzyme B expression
Buisset-Goussen, Adeline. "Etude des effets multigénérationnels d'une exposition chronique aux rayonnements ionisants chez un organisme modèle : le nématode Caenorhabditis elegans". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4077/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe environmental risk assessment of chronic exposure to ionizing has become a major concern. The aim of this PhD was to study the multigenerational effects of chronic gamma radiation in an integrated manner (to the life history traits from the subcellular mechanisms) in a model organism, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. First, studying the effects of chronic gamma radiation on the life history traits of C. elegans was performed. For that, three generations have been exposed to different dose rates and two generations have been placed in "control" environment after parental exposure. The second part of this thesis aimed to characterize the different subcellular mechanisms that could explain the observed effects on the life history traits after multigenerational exposure. The results showed that (i) the reproduction was the most sensitive endpoint to gamma radiation, (ii) an increase in radiosensitivity was observed over three exposed generations and (iii) the effects of the parental generation were transmitted to the non-exposed generations. An increase in apoptosis, a reduction in the stock of sperm, and to a lesser extent, a decrease in the number of mitotic cells, could explain the observed decrease in reproduction for the exposed generations. Only a decrease in sperm number was observed in parallel with a reduction in the cumulative number of larvae in the non-exposed generations. This research contributes to our knowledge on the multigenerational effects of gamma irradiation and shows the importance of an integrated approach to better understand the mechanisms of action related to the action of a pollutant and improve the environmental risk assessment
Riom, Nicolas. "Analyse de la réponse de progéniteurs myéloïdes clonogènes murins à des rayonnements mixtes γ-neutron de caractéristiques physiques variables : contribution à la réalisation de cartes des dommages hématopoïétiques chez l'homme en situation d'accident radiologique". Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120076.
Texto completo da fonteEschenbrenner, Anne. "Nature des cassures de l'ADN responsables des effets biologiques des rayonnements ionisants". Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066135.
Texto completo da fonteLagroye, Isabelle. "Etude in vitro de l'influence de champs magnétiques et de rayonnements ionisants sur le processus de transformation cellulaire". Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR28517.
Texto completo da fonteGillard, Nathalie. "EFFETS DES RADIATIONS IONISANTES SUR DES COMPLEXES ADN-PROTÉINE". Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011412.
Texto completo da fonteMaddens, Stéphane. "Modulation du métabolisme du céramide dans la réponse des cellules leucémiques aux rayonnements ionisants". Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30178.
Texto completo da fonteModulation of ceramide's metabolism in the response of leukaemic cells to ionising radiation. Apoptosis induced by antitumoral drug or radiotherapy leads to an increase in the intracellular concentration of the apoptotic second messenger ceramide (Cer) increases. Cer production occurs either through the stimulation of its de novo synthesis via Ceramide synthase, or through sphingomyelinase-induced sphingomyelin degradation. .
Torres, R. Martins Maria Berta. "Contribution à l'étude des remaniements chromosomiques induits par les rayonnements ionisants : effets à long terme". Paris 12, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA12A058.
Texto completo da fonteGremy, Olivier. "Caractérisation et modulation pharmacologique de l'inflammation intestinale induite par les rayonnements ionisants". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS0030.
Texto completo da fonteLa radiothérapie des tumeurs abdomino-pelviennes entraîne souvent des effets secondaires précoces dus à des dommages muqueux intestinaux auxquels participe l'inflammation, au niveau de tissus sains. A partir d'un modèle rat d'irradiation colorectale fractionnée, nous avons montré la mise en place progressive d'une inflammation colique au cours du protocole, en absence de lésions tissulaires patentes. Par irradiation unique abdominale, l'inflammation de la muqueuse iléale est associée à un déséquilibre de la balance immunitaire Th1/Th2 en faveur d'un profil de type 2. L'administration aux rats d'un immunomodulateur, l'ester de phénetyl acide caféique, limite l'inflammation radio-induite et l'établissement radio-induit du profil Th2. D'autre part, nous avons démontré que le traitement prophylactique de rats irradiés au niveau de l'abdomen à l'aide d'un ligand agoniste de PPAR, l'acide 5-aminosalicylique, atténue le développement d'une inflammation colique radio-induite
Haton, Céline. "Effets des rayonnements ionisants sur la structure et la fonction de la cellule épithéliale intestinale". Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066210.
Texto completo da fonteCressier, Damien. "Synthèse et évaluation de nouveaux dérivés organiques et organométalliques contre les effets des rayonnements ionisants". Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1027/.
Texto completo da fonteThis work falls under a research program which aims to synthesize new organic and organometallic compounds having antioxidant activity and/or an interesting radioprotective or radiosensitive activity without toxicity. That is why we carried out the synthesis of new derivatives of pulvinic acid, salicylic acid, naphtyl-methyl-imidazoline, benzothiazole, thiadiazole and naphtalimides. These compounds were characterized by NMR (1H, 13C, 31P), by mass spectrometry, elementary analyzes and for some of them by X-rays diffraction. The activity of the majority of them was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo tests in collaboration with the “CEA” (Saclay), the university of Strasbourg (ULP) and the “Centre de Recherche du Service de Santé des Armées” of La Tronche (CRSSA). The experimental results show a structure/activity relationship between pulvinic acid and antioxidant properties. The modifications of biological properties due to organometallic ligands have also been developed. Moreover, new classes of antioxidants, radioprotective and radiosensitive agents have been defined
Demonchy, Mathilde. "Modélisation de l'effet primaire des rayonnements sur l'ADN dans son environnement". Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30194.
Texto completo da fonteEon, Séverine. "Effets des radiations ionisantes sur un complexe ADN-protéine : le complexe entre l'opérateur LAC et le répresseur LAC". Orléans, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ORLE2024.
Texto completo da fontePeyre, Daniel. "Contribution à l'étude des effets semi-permanents induits par les rayonnements ionisants dans les transistors MOS". Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20291.
Texto completo da fonteSaigné, Frédéric. "Une nouvelle approche de la sélection des composants de type mos pour l'environnement radiatif spatial". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20218.
Texto completo da fonteBerroud, Anne. "Effets des rayonnements ionisants sur les alterations structurelles de la membrane cellulaire ; evaluation en tant qu'indicateur biologique". Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA11T030.
Texto completo da fonteLeite, Serge. "Effets des rayonnements ionisants sur des biomolécules en solution : vers une caractérisation des dommages à l'échelle moléculaire". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD025/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis, we have developed and characterized a new type of gas phase source of biomolecules which based on non-resonant laser desorption on microdroplets directly under vacuum. This device will eventually allow us to open an original way to study the effects of ionizing radiation on organic molecules from a physical point of view. We will present in detail this device with which we transfered with sucess under vacuum,in a non-destructively way, biomolecules and non-covalent complexes in a mass range of the order of kDa and we assigned them with time-of-ight mass spectrometry. We will show in particular the technical challenges that we had to overcome in order to allow the transfer of microdroplets under vacuum and how by simulation of the spectrometer, we have been able to highly optimize the collection parameters of the desorbed molecular species and the mass resolution of our system, by replacing, in the desorption zone,delayed extraction by a quadrupole electrostatic trap. Finally, we will describe the way in which this device, coupled to a simply charged ion irradiation platform with an energy of the order of the keV, will enable us to characterizeon a molecular scale the damage due to radio-induced radical chemistry mechanisms
Valente, Marco. "Signalling detection of DNA damage induced by low doses of ionizing radiation in human lymphocytes". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS0021.
Texto completo da fonteStudy of the relationship between the clinical radiosensitivity of a patient and his lymphocytes irradiated in vitro in order to establish a predictive test of individual radiosensitivity. Clinical radiosensitivity was quantified by the intensity of radiotherapy side effects and cellular sensitivity was measured by the kinetics of appearance/disappearance of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (marked by gamma-H2AX foci). To make the protocol viable for clinical application, sample viability and analysis speed were improved. Finally, we focused on low-dose response in another context: radio-adaptive response. This phenomenon is characterized by a weaker cellular response to a high dose exposure when it is preceded by a low-dose exposure. This type of response was observed for the two-way translocation rate in CD4-positive lymphocytes but not for gamma-H2AX signaling
BERGAENTZLE, REITZER MARTINE. "Effets des rayonnements ionisants sur les triglycerides et les acides desoxyribonucleiques. Application a la detection des aliments irradies". Strasbourg 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STR13065.
Texto completo da fonteVILLARD, PATRICK. "Prise en compte des effets de la dose cumulee de rayonnements ionisants dans l'etude du transistor de type mos". Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA112248.
Texto completo da fonteLorfèvre, Eric. "Défaillances induites par les rayonnements ionisants dans les composants de puissance IGBT et VIP : Solutions de durcissement". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20271.
Texto completo da fonteYagoubi, Najet. "Étude analytique des polymères et de leurs principaux additifs : incidence de la stérilisation par les rayonnements ionisants". Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA114830.
Texto completo da fonteCharruyer, Alexandra. "Implication des seconds messagers lipidiques dans la réponse cellulaire au stress induit par les rayonnements". Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30047.
Texto completo da fonteColladant, Thierry. "Sensibilité des dispositifs CMOS/SOI aux événements transitoires induits par les particules ionisantes". Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066420.
Texto completo da fonteFournier, Lucie. "Effets sanitaires d’une exposition chronique à de faibles doses de rayonnements ionisants : contribution à l’estimation des risques radio-induits de cancers dans une cohorte française de travailleurs du nucléaire". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS251/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of the thesis is to study three potential sources of bias in the analyses on the cancer risk associated with chronic external exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation in the CEA-AREVA-EDF cohort. This cohort includes 59 004 nuclear workers from those companies who were badge-monitored for external exposure to radiation. The first part of this thesis is devoted to potential internal exposure to radionuclides among the workers. Given the lack of available individual data on internal contaminations, a flag attributing for each worker and for each year a potential contamination risk based on workstations was defined and added to the analyses on cancer mortality risk associated with external radiation exposure. The second part of this work focuses on non-occupational exposures to radiation.Nuclear workers are exposed to radiation from environmental and medical sources, in particular from radiological examinations carried out in an occupational health framework. Scenarios characterising non-occupational exposures to radiation were constructed and their impact on the cancer mortality risk associated with occupational exposure was examined. The third part of this thesis addresses dosimeters recording thresholds. Below those thresholds, dose quantification is deemed too imprecise. Historically, below the threshold doses were recorded as null, resulting in systemic dose underestimation. A comprehensive review of the dosimetry practices in the cohort was accomplished and led to the conception of scenarios aiming to impute below the threshold
Ropenga, Anna. "Modifications du fonctionnement du système nerveux entérique suite à une exposition aux rayonnements ionisants : effets précoces et à long terme". Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066291.
Texto completo da fonteGuennoun, Mohammed. "Impact des rayonnements ionisants sur le système immunitaire et effet radioprotecteur d'une préparation à base de bursine, interleukine-3 et thymuline chez la souris BALB/c". Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON13519.
Texto completo da fonteDardié, Jason. "Étude des effets des rayonnements sur les matériaux et systèmes électroniques". Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTS001.
Texto completo da fonteTMI-Orion, a company specialising in systems for acquiring physical parameters (pressure, temperature, humidity, etc.) for harsh environments, wishes to diversify, particularly in the civilian nuclear markets or the new space. These two markets are subject to strong radiative stress. The company, which is at the origin of the thesis, wishes to develop its skills with regard to radiative stress in order to be able to propose applications in these sectors. This thesis was therefore conducted with the main objective of providing as much information as possible on radiative stress to TMI-Orion. We have therefore identified four areas of work to address this issue.In the context of this thesis, we began by describing the radiative environments encountered in the space and civilian nuclear fields. Then the mechanisms of radiation-matter interaction were defined. Finally, the effects of radiation on electronics have been given.The second area of work consists of a study of the degradation mechanisms of elementary electronic components (MOS and bipolar transistors) as a function of the temperature to which they are subjected during irradiation. The effect of low (up to 100 K) and high (up to 400 K) irradiation temperatures on the degradation of elementary components was studied. During this study we were also able to compare the degradation obtained between a cobalt-60 irradiation and an X-ray irradiation.The third area of work consists of a simulation study on shielding against radiative stress. As part of this work, we have developed two calculation codes on GEANT4. The first one allows to study the dose deposited by a cobalt-60 source for different shielding conditions. The second one allows to model the X-ray generator of the IES laboratory and gives its energy spectrum. The effect of different filters on the spectrum is also studied.The last axis of this thesis work consists of a complete reliability study on autonomous data loggers developed by TMI-Orion. One particular recorder, the PicoVACQ, is used as an example. The reliability of this recorder was calculated by an analytical method, studied using the feedback available within the company, measured against thermal stress and measured against radiative stress. Finally, the search for a microcontroller, a central component of a radiation-tolerant data acquisition system, was carried out. One microcontroller in particular appears to have good resistance to dose effect and will probably be used by the company in its future projects
El, Houdigui Murat Sophia. "Etude des effets d'une exposition aux rayonnements ionisants sur le développement du poisson zèbre par une approche de biologie des systèmes". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0095.
Texto completo da fonteAfter the nuclear accidents at Chernobyl and Fukushima, radiation protection of the environment is a major concern. Studies show an increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR) during development. However, there are few data on the molecular mechanisms leading to the effects of IR on embryogenesis. In this context, the objective of this thesis is to better understand the effects of exposure to IR on the development of zebrafish. Part of this work has focused on studying the effects of IR at an early stage of development. For this, a multi-omics approach with the study of the transcriptome and the methylome has been implemented. These results, highlight potential effects on the development of the central nervous system (CNS) and muscles. The other part of this work focused on assessing the effects of IR exposure at later developmental stages using a system biology approach. The results obtained at the different scales highlight effects on the retinoic acid pathway, the development of the CNS and muscles. This work has shown effects of IR on the development of the CNS and muscles from early development at the molecular level. These effects are confirmed at later stages of development. This study suggests that the molecular effects observed during early development are predictive of the effects observed at later developmental stages. In addition, this thesis work allows to propose a model of "Adverse Outcome Pathway" where the deregulation of the retinoic acid pathway by exposure to IR will lead to effects on the development of the CNS and muscles
Hugard, Daniel. "Prévention et traitement des lésions maxillo-faciales dues aux radiations ionisantes". Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11001.
Texto completo da fonteOukil, Salah. "Effets des insecticides et des radiations ionisantes en relation avec la variabilité génétique chez la Mouche Méditerranéenne des Fruits : Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptère, Trypetidae)". Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30072.
Texto completo da fonteFarcy, Emilie. "Étude de l'impact des radionucléides rejetés par les installations nucléaires du Nord Cotentin sur l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : analyse de l'expression de marqueurs moléculaires de stress". Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN2056.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis explores the potential radiological impact of radionuclide discharges from the nuclear industry on the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. One of the major goals of this research was to identify markers that could be used to monitor the effects of low-level chronic irradiation. We decided to focalize on the expression of stress-induced genes involved in the regulation of cellular stress, focusing on transcription. First, homology cloning was used to identify four new cDNAs encoding stress markers. Then data collected at various sites enabled to evidence that mRNA levels for each of the genes of interest naturally vary to a significant degree, based on individual differences and seasonal factors. Comparing oysters from exposed sites with those from a reference site located on the Atlantic coast did not suggest any relationship between mRNA levels changes and the oysters’ exposure to liquid radioactive waste from the AREVA reprocessing plant. In the environment, we found that those radionuclide releases resulted in a very small increase in radioactivity in oysters, especially compared with their natural radioactivity. In the laboratory, by exposing the oysters to higher radionuclide concentrations than those found in the environment, we were able to identify two genes as potential candidates for studying the effects of chronic exposure to low doses of ionizing radiations in the oyster: genes encoding MT and MXR. We confirmed that transcriptional induction of these two genes occurs in response to high doses of acute irradiation
Vial, Christian. "Evaluation de la probabilité des aléas logiques induits par les neutrons atmosphériques dans le silicium des SRAM". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20273.
Texto completo da fonteParisot, Florian. "Étude mécaniste des effets transgénérationnels des radiations ionisantes alpha et gamma chez Daphnia magna". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4104/document.
Texto completo da fonteAnthropogenic activities related to the nuclear industry contribute to continuous discharges of radionuclides into terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this PhD was to bring new knowledge on the effects of ionizing radiation during a multigenerational expose of the aquatic invertebrate, Daphnia magna. An external gamma radiation at environmentally relevant dose rates was performed on D. magna over three successive generations. Results show an accumulation and a transmission of DNA alterations over generations, in parallel of an increase in sensitivity of organisms. Gamma radiation data and those of a previous study of alpha contamination were analyzed using the mathematical model DEBtox. The model shows that the two types of radiation act differently on daphnia over generations. This research clearly indicates the importance of further studying and understanding transgenerational effects induced by low doses radiation in the future
Prouillac, C. "Synthèse et évalutaion de nouveaux composés organiques et phosphorés contre les effets des rayonnements ionisants. Etude de leur mécanisme d'action in vitro". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00191910.
Texto completo da fonteProuillac, Caroline. "Synthèse et évaluation de nouveaux composés organiques et phosphorés contre les effets des rayonnements ionisants : étude de leur mécanisme d’action in vitro". Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30152.
Texto completo da fonteThis work falls under a research program. The aim was to synthesize new organic phosphorylated compounds having an interesting radiopharmacological activity without toxicity. That’s why, we carried out the synthesis of new benzothiazole and thiadiazole N-substituted derivatives as thiols, aminothiols, acids thiosulfonic and phosphorothioates. All these compounds were characterized by NMR (proton, carbon, phosphorus, 2D), by mass spectrometry, elementary analyzes and for some of them by diffraction of x-rays. The activity of the majority of them was evaluated by in vitro tests. The experimental results were confirmed by theoretical study : the aim of DFT calculation was the study of the mechanism of capture of the free radicals by our compounds. In addition, a study of relation structure activity (QSAR) was carried out. Our results allow us to create a model making it possible to establish structure-activity relationship
Hamdi, Dounia. "Analyse des effets directs de rayonnements ionisants à différents TELs dans un modèle expérimental in vitro de cartilage humain sain et pathologique". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS047/document.
Texto completo da fonteHadrontherapy using carbon ions has many advantages due to physical and biological properties of this type of particle. Chondrosarcoma, a cartilaginous radio-resistant tumor, has been successfully treated using carbon ions. However, potential side effects to the surrounding healthy tissues are still poorly known. This project aims to study the direct effects of carbon ions in a 3D model of healthy articular cartilage and chondrosarcoma close to human homeostasis, in order to provide new tools for the evaluation of the relative biological effectiveness (RBE).The first part of the project was dedicated to the evaluation of carbon ions-induced impact on articular cartilage in the context of chondrosarcoma treatment. Compared to X-rays, the relative biological effectiveness of intermediate-LET carbon ions scored 2.6 in 2D monolayer culture. This was correlated with a stronger induction of cellular senescence. However, this differential effect was not reproduced using a 3D model of articular cartilage. Thus, the relative biological effectiveness of accelerated ions is probably overestimated using monolayer cultures (2D), compared to 3D. In the second part of this work, we developed a 3D chondrosarcoma model for hadronbiology studies. Protein extraction and immunohistochemistry protocols were developed. A new RBE evaluation method based on γ -H2AX repair kinetic in 3D, was proposed
Ferraro, Rudy. "Development of Test Methods for the Qualification of Electronic Components and Systems Adapted to High-Energy Accelerator Radiation Environments". Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS118.
Texto completo da fonteThe Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the largest and most powerful in the world, started in 2008 and is the last stage of CERN's accelerator complex. The LHC consists in a 27-kilometer ring of superconducting magnets allowing to accelerate two beams up to 7 TeV before colliding them at 14 TeV in one of the five experiments monitoring the result of the collision. The LHC allowed notably the discovery of the Higgs boson and other baryonic particles predicted by the standard model. The radiation environment of the LHC and its injection lines is composed of different particles over a large spectrum of energies, from GeV level down to meV level (e.g. thermal neutron). The electronic equipment operating in such a harsh radiation environment, mostly based on Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) components, can experience failures induced by radiation effects. The criticality of the equipment can be very high, in the best case, the failure of a control system can lead to a beam dump, which can drastically the availability of the beam for science and in the worst case, the failure of a safety system can lead to the destruction of part of the machine. The new upgrade of the LHC planned for 2025, the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) will achieve an annual luminosity five time higher than the current version of the LHC. Consequently, the levels of the radiation generated by the operation of the machine will also drastically increase. With such high radiation levels, a significant number of COTS-based systems will be exposed to radiation levels they cannot withstand. This will imply to either design more robust tolerant COTS-based systems and/or substitute preventively systems before their end of life. Thus, while in the previous years the Single Event Effects (SEEs) where the dominant cause of failure, in the future, cumulative radiation effect will as well become a major preoccupation. While a huge effort has been done in the past on the qualification process against SEE-induced failures, the qualification process for cumulative radiation effects, remained mostly unchanged. The aim of this work was, therefore, to investigate how the CERN’s Radiation Hardness Assurance (RHA) could be improved to respond to this new challenge and ensure that no system failures will impact the LHC operations. This involved several activities; (i) the study of the particularities of the LHC radiative environment and its impact on the components and systems exposed to it, (ii) the study of the suitability of current qualification methods and the development of approaches adapted to CERN’s needs and (iii) the study of reliable system lifetime estimation methods
De, Sousa Marie-Carmen. "Contribution à l'optimisation de la radioprotection du patient en radiologie : de la mesure en temps réel de la dose en radiologie conventionnelle au calcul du risque de vie entière de décès par cancer radio-induit spécifique par sexe et par âge". Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30003.
Texto completo da fonteChalansonnet, Alain. "Etudes sur tissus sains et irradiés utilisant l'imagerie de résonance magnétique nucléaire à haute résolution spatiale : cas de la peau". Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10114.
Texto completo da fonteGuessab, Ali. "Contribution à l'étude des effets psychophysiologiques (spécifiques) des rayonnements non-ionisants : action des microondes sur les mono-amines biogènes dans le tissu cérébral et du comportement sur le rat blanc". Rennes 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN20026.
Texto completo da fonteA previous work has put forward and influence of microwaves on gonatrophin function in the adult male rat exposure to electromagnetic waves emitted by a radar, from birth to at least 7 days, induced an increase in plasma and pituitary gonatrophins in the adult male rat. We thought that these effects corresponded to a hypothalamic damage. Insofar as brain neurotransmitters are involved in the regulation of gonatrophin secretion, we proposed to study the effects of postnatal exposition to microwaves on brain hypothalamo pituitary neurotransmitters and comportment of this animal
Mezrioui, Nour-Eddine. "Étude expérimentale des effets du pH, du rayonnement et de la température sur la disparition des Bactéries d'intérêt sanitaire et évaluation de la résistance aux antibiotiques d'E. Coli lors de l'épuration des eaux usées". Montpellier 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON20176.
Texto completo da fonteBruguier, Guy. "Evaluation et adaptation de logiciels de simulation de circuits électroniques : modélisation de composants en irradiation transitoire". Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20048.
Texto completo da fonteMathieu, Jacques. "Modulation par des antioxydants de l'apoptose radio-induite dans les lymphocytes T : effet du zinc sur la regénération thermique après une irradiation sublétale chez la souris". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE18009.
Texto completo da fonteVinceller, Sonia. "Effets de l'extinction thermique de la luminescence sur les phénomènes thermostimulées présentés par le pic dosimétrique de l'alumine alpha". Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30140.
Texto completo da fonteJouni, Ali. "Space radiation effects on CMOS single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, ISAE, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESAE0012.
Texto completo da fonteThe subject of this thesis deals with the effects of space radiation on CMOS avalanche detectors, particularly on Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs). These photodiodes exhibit nearly infinite internal gain and are therefore sensitive to very low light conditions. Thus, with excellent temporal resolution, these sensors can be very interesting for space applications requiring time-of-flight measurements, such as the topography of celestial objects or space Rendezvous. However, space is a hostile environment due to radiation from the Sun, particles trapped in the Earth’s magnetosphere, and beyond the solar system. Consequently, within the framework of this thesis work, a model is established to predict thedegradation of the dark current of SPADs, the Dark Count Rate (DCR), after proton irradiations. Experimentally, two SPAD array technologies are irradiated with protons, X-rays, and γ rays. Hence, ionizing and non-ionizing effects are investigated for these avalanche sensors, and differences compared to pixels of standard image sensors are highlighted. Subsequently, the characteristics of defects induced by the creation of interface traps between oxides and silicon and atomic displacement damage in the substrate are examined, including the presence of Random Telegraph Signal (RTS) behaviors. Finally, the nature of these defects is identified through isochronal annealing after irradiations of the SPAD arrays using the three different radiation types mentioned above
Lefèvre, Sandrine. "Caractérisation cytogénétique et moléculaire de tumeurs radio-induites humaines". Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA11T028.
Texto completo da fonteGarrigou, Philipppe. "Etude des effets des rayonnements ionisants sur la niche hématopoïétique et traitement du syndrome aigu d'irradiation par thérapie génique chez le macaque irradié à forte dose". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00631339.
Texto completo da fonte