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Varat, Deborah. "Family Life Writ Small". Journal of Family History 42, n.º 2 (21 de março de 2017): 147–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363199017695477.
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Dollhouses today are primarily thought of as toys for children, but in earlier times, they were more typically the province of upper-class women who dedicated untold hours and great sums of money to creating alternate domestic spaces in miniature. These dollhouses present much more than mere straightforward records of domestic life, as hobbyists and collectors have typically understood them. Instead, they divulge important clues about aspirations in regard to domestic life, a subject of great interest in the Enlightenment period of liberalizing social values. Building and decorating a dollhouse, I argue, were like designing a miniature stage on which to fetishize the domestic world and explore conflicted urges of concealment and display.
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Hales, Shelley. "COLLECTING THE COLLECTORS". Classical Review 54, n.º 1 (abril de 2004): 232–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cr/54.1.232.
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SHUKER, ROY. "Beyond the ‘high fidelity’ stereotype: defining the (contemporary) record collector". Popular Music 23, n.º 3 (outubro de 2004): 311–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143004000224.
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The popular image of record collectors is of obsessive males, whose ‘train spotting’ passion for collecting is often a substitute for ‘real’ social relationships. This image can draw on some support from academic discussions of collectors and collecting, but it represents only a partial account of record collectors. This paper draws on interviews with sixty-seven self-identified record collectors to show how they demonstrate a complex mix of characteristics: a love of music; obsessive-compulsive behaviour, accumulation and completism, selectivity and discrimination; and self-education and scholarship. As a social practice, record collecting presents itself as a core component of individual social identity and a central part of the life cycle.
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Duarte, Adelaide, e Marta Pérez-Ibáñez. "Slow Collecting: Sustainability and the Need for a Paradigm Shift by Iberian Collectors". Sustainability 15, n.º 21 (28 de outubro de 2023): 15401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152115401.
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Collectors are major actors in the global art market as they often spend large sums of money fostering the business. Concerning sustainable collecting practices—i.e., the balance between what is the best for people and for the environment—collectors’ actions seem contradictory. Firstly, ontologically, to collect is to accumulate artworks; secondly, art—the object of the collectors’ desire—and the global art world are not closely aligned with the climate crisis. The art ecosystem encourages trips to participate in art events worldwide, increasing the carbon footprint impact, and rarely uses recycled materials, causing waste. The economic model of the art market lacks sustainability, raising the question: how can we promote a sustainable collecting attitude? In this exploratory study, we will observe art market players, especially the Iberian Peninsula collectors’ actions, in terms of their contribution to reducing the environmental impact of purchases. Based on data, reports, interviews, and published sources, we will investigate collectors’ awareness of the subject and evaluate their adopted actions. As, to date, no analysis has been carried out on the trends of Iberian collecting in the field of climate sustainability, we have focused our study on finding data from the primary source par excellence: the collectors themselves. The aim is to fuel the need for a paradigm shift, concluding on a slow collecting attitude.
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Saridakis, Charalampos, e Sofia Angelidou. "A case-based generalizable theory of consumer collecting". European Journal of Marketing 52, n.º 5/6 (14 de maio de 2018): 946–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-10-2016-0570.
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Purpose Collecting behaviour is a special type of consumption, which consists of several traits, such as “completion”, “perfection”, “caring” and “cooperation”. The purpose of this study is to shed light on this complex consumption behaviour, by effectively developing an empirical typology of collectors and explaining their motivation to engage in collecting. Design/methodology/approach In total, 208 questionnaires were collected among Thai collectors. A set-theoretic comparative approach was implemented – namely, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. The value of the proposed approach over conventional correlational methods, is illustrated through an examination of a set of relevant research propositions. Findings The study develops an empirical typology of collectors, on the basis of the various collecting behaviour traits. It has been suggested that different combinations of motives are sufficient for identifying collector types accurately, and the proposed typology is stable and generalizable across collectors of different demographic characteristics. Specifically, “expert professionals” are mainly driven by adventure and social motives, while the role of idea motive is crucial for “introvert focusers”. Adventure and social motives are necessary conditions for “extrovert altruists”, while gratification has a deleterious role. The presence of social motive is necessary for “hobbyists”, while the absence of value motive is also required. Practical implications The brand collectible market is booming, and the collectibles can be a strategy for brands to maintain existing users and reinforce loyalty levels. Global brands, such as Swatch and Coca-Cola, have been acquired for collection rather than typical consumption purposes. Marketers and brand managers should therefore monitor the motivation behind this complex consumption behaviour. The mosaic of motives to engage in collecting behaviour varies across different types of collectors, and therefore specifically tailored strategies are proposed. Originality/value The study tackles the lack of literature specifically focussing on collecting behaviour in relation to motivation. This is the first attempt to empirically derive a collectors’ typology and provide a nuanced coverage of how financial and nonfinancial (hedonic) motives and their combinations affect different collector types.
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McINTOSH, WILLIAM D., e BRANDON SCHMEICHEL. "Collectors and Collecting: A Social Psychological Perspective". Leisure Sciences 26, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2004): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490400490272639.
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Lobay, Gordon. "Collecting and Collectors from Antiquity to Modernity". Etruscan Studies 23, n.º 1-2 (4 de novembro de 2020): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/etst-2020-0014.
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Krawczyk, Janusz, Katarzyna Kocewiak, Jan Talaga e Irina Postnikova. "MECHANISMS OF TRAPPING FINE DUST IN WET DUST COLLECTING APPARATUS". IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 62, n.º 9 (31 de agosto de 2019): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20196209.5926.
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The high efficiency of intensive operation of wet scrubbers is the result of a simultaneous formation of different mechanisms of dust particle collectors. The collectors can be understood as droplets of atomised liquid, bubbles formed in the conditions of intensive barbotage, liquid surface and wet surfaces. All collectors are formed during the operation of the circulating unit. The deposition of dust particles from gas occurs as a result of centrifugal forces and secondary circulations in the guide duct as well as the effect of the water curtain, liquid barbotage and the flow of dusty gas through the droplet-splash layer. Discussions substantiating the possibility of confirming the effect of suspension viscosity on the efficiency of the dust collection process can be related both to the analysis of basic mechanisms affecting the deposition of particles on liquid collectors and the conditions of generating collectors. In total liquid recirculation in wet dedusting equipment, concentration of solids in a liquid rises. In such conditions, a gradual decrease in their dedusting efficiency is possible. The effect depends on dust physiochemical properties, kinetic energy of particles, the type of equipment used, and specifically on the way of organization of the contact of the liquid and gas phases. Studies of the effectiveness of dedusting depending on various factors are given in the next article by the same authors.
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Vergara, Raymond Allan G., e Joseph Emil Santos. "Understanding the collecting experience: purchase motivations and social collecting behaviors". International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research 4, n.º 3 (18 de março de 2023): 763–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.03.09.
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This qualitative case study explores the purchase motivations and collecting behavior of self-assessed Funko Pop collectors. It finds that the individual collector's self-identification influences individual purchase and collection decisions. It also finds that social collecting behaviors may influence individual collecting behavior, suggesting that collecting communities may establish collecting norms and experiences. This study maps out the collecting experience, provides a unique perspective on social collecting behaviors, explores the nuances of the collecting experience, and recommends potential direction for managers.
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Witkowski, Terrence H. "Arms and armor collecting in America: history, community and cultural meaning". Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 12, n.º 4 (24 de agosto de 2020): 421–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-12-2019-0050.
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Purpose This study aims to present a history and critical analysis of arms and armor collecting in America from the late 19th century until the present day. Design/methodology/approach The research draws from the literature on arms and armor, from primary written, visual and material evidence, and from the author’s long experience as an antique gun and sword collector. Findings American arms and armor collectors have included men of great wealth, museums and their curators and many enthusiasts of more modest means. Collectors, dealers and curators have created a substantial arms literature. Collectors have organized around various types of artifacts, historical periods and company brands. Dealers, auction houses and manufacturers have provisioned the market with period pieces and reproductions. Originality/value The history of antique arms and armor collecting is regarded as a social activity where enthusiasts have pursued “serious leisure” through consumption and brand communities. This history is further analyzed as a cultural practice wherein generations of collectors have interpreted the meaning of antique arms and armor.
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Orlov, A. G. "Collecting transport tickets". Transport Technician: Education and Practice 4, n.º 1 (24 de março de 2023): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.46684/2687-1033.2023.1.73-80.
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Addressing the history of transport development seems to be an urgent and in-demand task of modern historical science. The study of the historical past of the railway system allows us to understand in more detail the cause-and-effect relationships of their development and to isolate the level of progress that had a serious impact on the further course of history.Studying transport tickets is an important part of studying the history of transport. It becomes possible to understand how, by modifying tickets, they tried to facilitate and speed up the work of cashiers of long-distance buses and railway stations and city transport conductors. Travel tickets, reserved seats, receipts, boarding passes allow you to better study the development of technologies of commercial activity of railways.The article is devoted to the description of a rather rare type of collecting: collecting transport tickets. The history of the appearance of transport documents has been studied: diplomas for the passage of Ancient Rome and roadside payz of China. It tells about the appearance of people collecting transport artifacts and about the dynasties of collectors, provides data on the size of the largest known collection, traces the history of the formation of associations of collectors of transport tickets. The names of the type of collecting in Russian, the appearance of the terms peridromophilia and eisitiristics are considered. It tells about the ways to replenish collections, where and how tickets are searched for or purchased.
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Bogdanov, Maxim S. "Private Collecting in the USSR and the New Soviet Elite". IZVESTIYA VUZOV SEVERO-KAVKAZSKII REGION SOCIAL SCIENCE, n.º 3 (219) (25 de setembro de 2023): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2687-0770-2023-3-54-60.
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The article is devoted to the phenomenon of private collecting in Soviet Russia. The author proceeds from the fact that the formation of the Soviet system, which led to certain changes in the social structure of society, led to the emergence of a new Soviet elite, not alien to collecting. Restrictions of a political and ideological nature imposed on any form of commercial activity and the almost closed art market predeter-mined the uniqueness of private Soviet collecting: ways of folding collections, the possibility of their preser-vation, exchange, fate, etc. The proposed typology of collectors of the Soviet period depends on the financial possibilities, the goals of collecting art objects, the aesthetic and cultural level, as well as the socio-cultural environment where collecting was carried out. In total, six conditional types of Soviet collectors were identified, among them the scientific and creative intelligentsia, Red Army officers, veterans of the Soviet special services, the state party elite, the “former” - the remaining representatives of the nobility in the country. The historical facts testifying to the complex relationship between private collectors and the Soviet state based on the command and administrative economic system are given. Many archival materials and documents have not revealed yet, which makes it difficult to study some aspects of private collecting of the Soviet era. The study of private collections and methods of collecting is the most important material source for studying the history of the country.
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Turner, Keaghan. "Collectors of Collections: Sherlock Holmes and Collecting Culture". Victorians Institute Journal 44, n.º 1 (1 de dezembro de 2016): 7–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/victinstj.44.1.0007.
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Heljakka, Katriina Irja. "More than Collectors". Games and Culture 13, n.º 3 (30 de setembro de 2016): 240–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555412016670493.
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The article aims to present, analyze, and discuss the attitudes of the three groups of adults—theorists, hobbyists and “everyday players”—toward play(ful) behavior and activities in relation to character toys. The rhetoric of play theorists is mirrored against the rhetoric of organized players (hobbyists) and (nonorganized) everyday players through in-depth interviews and participatory observation. Questions guiding the exploratory path this article takes include the following: First, what has led to the dominant ideas of the toy as a collectable item and of adult toy consumers as toy collectors? Second, why is the manipulation of toys that happens at adult age considered hobbying and not playing? The results of the analysis indicate that the uses of toys at adult age represent more complex and multifaceted actions and relationships to play than the terms “collecting” and “hobbying” imply.
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Williams, Emily Rebecca. "Red Collections in Contemporary China". British Journal of Chinese Studies 11 (29 de junho de 2021): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.51661/bjocs.v11i0.73.
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“Red Collecting” is a widespread phenomenon in contemporary China. It refers to the collecting of objects from the Chinese Communist Party’s history. Red Collecting has received only minimal treatment in English-language scholarly literature, much of which focuses on individual object categories (primarily propaganda posters and Chairman Mao badges) and overemphasises the importance of Cultural Revolution objects within the field. Because of this limited focus, the collectors’ motivations have been similarly circumscribed, described primarily in terms of either neo-Maoist nostalgia or the pursuit of profit. This article will seek to enhance this existing literature and, in doing so, offer a series of new directions for research. It makes two main arguments. First, that the breadth of objects incorporated within the field of Red Collecting is far broader than current literature has acknowledged. In particular, the importance of revolutionary-era (pre-1949) collections, as well as regional and rural collections is highlighted. Second, it argues that collectors are driven by a much broader range of motivations, including a variety of both individual and social motivations. Significantly, it is argued that collectors’ intentions and their understandings of the past do not always align; rather, very different understandings of China’s recent past find expression through Red Collecting. As such, it is suggested that Red Collecting constitutes an important part of contemporary China’s “red legacies,” one which highlights the diversity of memories and narratives of both the Mao era and the revolutionary period.
Image © Hou Feng
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Stern, Dieter. "Ruthenian Devotional Songs As Collectors’ Items?" East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies 8, n.º 2 (18 de outubro de 2021): 123–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21226/ewjus516.
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At the turn of the sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries, syllabic devotional songs in Ruthenian (RDS) make their first appearance as occasional appendices or notes in the margins of manuscripts serving quite divergent functions (triodia, evangelia and the like). The first systematic collections of RDS were compiled abroad by Ruthenian monks having left Ukraine for monasteries around Moscow from the 1660s onwards. It required several more decades, till the beginning of the eighteenth century, before these songs were also being systematically collected in song manuscripts throughout the Ruthenian lands themselves. The article argues against established views to the effect that this documentary gap was due to a massive loss of seventeenth-century Ruthenian song manuscripts. It should rather be taken at face value as an indication that some perceptual change with respect to devotional songs is likely to have taken place among Ruthenian literate classes at the beginning of the eighteenth century. It is argued that the rise of Ruthenian song manuscripts marks the beginning of a collecting culture, which treats devotional songs as a cherished and coveted collectable, where heretofore no particular value seems to have been accorded to these songs. The article explores the social profiles of song collectors and the individual makeup of song collections to offer a hypothetical outline of this emerging collecting culture, addressing issues of modes of exchange, methods of collecting and compiling, the specific relationship between collector and collectable, with a view to arguing for a highly individualized and intimate culture between private devotion and incipient object-oriented consumerism.
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Kikas, Katre. "“Ma palun saatke mulle üks erakiri…” Intersubjektiivsus Jaan Saalvergi kirjades Jakob Hurdale". Mäetagused 86 (agosto de 2023): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/mt2023.86.kikas.
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Letters are a means of communication with people who are far away. As such, letters are always intended to create intersubjective space common to the sender and receiver of the letter. The intersubjectivity can be created in different ways; for example, alluding to shared memories, using shared idioms or inserting direct addresses into the letters. Ideally the exchange of letters is symmetrical, but the reality tends to be nonideal – letters go missing, one partner is more passive and there can be a hierarchical relationship between the sender and the receiver. This asymmetricity, however, does not diminish the potential intersubjectivity of any particular letter. The article focuses on intersubjectivity in the letters sent by a farmer and folklore collector Jaan Saalverk (1874–1932) to Jakob Hurt. In 1888 Hurt started widespread folklore collecting campaigns; he published appeals in several newspapers and with the help of these hoped to build up a dense network of local collectors. The campaign lasted until Hurt’s death in 1907, and during this time about a thousand people stepped in. Saalverk participated in the campaign in 1896–1905 and he was one of the most prolific co-workers of Hurt from Jüri parish. As in most cases the organizers of the campaigns and the local collectors did not meet in person, the collecting campaigns can be considered as epistolary events – people who participated had to be able to use the postal system and know how to address other people in epistolary exchanges. In this article I do not cover everything that was sent by Saalverk to Hurt but, taking a narrower focus, study one special genre – the letters sent by him. Letters were not an obligatory part of collecting campaigns and there were collectors who never sent a letter to Hurt. However, most of the collectors wrote letters on several occasions. Some were added to collected materials and commented on them, some were sent in between collections; most of the letters dealt with collecting activity, but there were plenty of those that addressed other issues. The folklore collecting campaigns provide quite a special epistolary context. One aspect to be noted is social hierarchy – Hurt was a parson and had a university degree, while most of the collectors were farmers, that is, had considerably lower social standing. Besides, the communication took place on the borderline between private and public spheres – letters sent by collectors were private, but Hurt often quoted them in his public reports. This context of epistolary communication was marked by asymmetry – collectors always wrote more than Hurt. In his letters to Hurt, Saalverk touches upon several issues that can be found in the letters of other collectors as well. He writes about the importance of collecting for the nation and for himself, about his concerns over the value of his contribution and the prejudices that people from his area have towards folklore collecting. While he dwells on the importance of collecting, he seems to feel empowered by perceiving it as part of the modern world (opposed to drinking and fighting as non-modern ways to spend one’s free time); but considering the prejudices of local people he seems to be puzzled and not so confident anymore. A special trait of Saalverk’s letters is the devices he uses to create an intersubjective space between himself and Hurt. He does not use the most common device of folklore collectors – metaphorical language that Hurt employs in public texts about folklore collecting. Saalverk relies on direct addresses – in most of his letters, there is a plea for Hurt to send him a private letter and explain to him the importance of folklore collecting so that Saalverk could cite these ideas to refute the prejudices of local people. These pleas are connected to two different intersubjective spaces at once. On the one hand, they try to break the substantial asymmetry of the communication in this context, on the other hand Saalverk seems to hope that if he succeeds in creating real intersubjectivity between himself and Hurt, it would help him to solve problems he is having in the intersubjective space between himself and people around him.
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Vaganov, Andrey. "A scientist is almost always a collectioner". Science Management: Theory And Practice 3, n.º 1 (25 de março de 2021): 169–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2021.3.1.9.
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Collecting as a social, psychological and even physiological phenomenon has not been devoted to much serious research. Those that exist focus on the phenomenology of collections. The phenomenon of collecting and collecting remains largely unexplored. The topic of “collectors-scientists” is, in general, a blank spot in the study of science and the social history of science. Nevertheless, there is quite legitimately a special concept - “research collection”. For example, the collection of collections for Goethe was one of the ways of his scientific work. As a result of this work, Goethe became an expert in the field of knowledge, the objects of which he collected. This kind of rapprochement between science and collecting seems to be an interdependent process. Not only collecting in the highest phase of its development is being melted into a scientific occupation, but also an occupation in science has all the features inherent in project collecting. The article makes an attempt to establish some ontological patterns inherent in this process, to outline the paths to the natural science study of the phenomenon of scientists-collectors.
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Nolly Lumintang, Josua, Caroline B. D. Pakasi e Grace A. J. Rumagit. "Analisis Rantai Pasok Kopra di Desa Tolombukan Satu Kecamatan Pasan Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara (Analysis of Copra Supply Chain in Tolombukan SatuVillage Pasan Sub District South Minahasa Regency)". Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development (Jurnal Agribisnis dan Pengembangan Pedesaan) 4, n.º 2 (5 de janeiro de 2023): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35791/agrirud.v4i2.45050.
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The objective of this research is to to determine the supply chain of copra in Tolombukan Satu Village. This research was conducted from October to December 2021. The sampling technique in this study used a random sampling technique (simple random). The research results showed that the product flow that occurs in Tolombukan Satu Village has 2 distribution channels. The first channel has 4 stakeholders, namely farmers, collectors, suppliers, factories. The second channel has 3 stakeholders, namely farmers, suppliers, and factories. Collectors distribute copra to factories who queue up to 2 days, so it takes more time to distribute copra to factories. Financial flows flow from factories to farmers through suppliers who pay copra to collecting traders through direct transactions and transfers, collecting traders pay copra to farmers through direct transactions, there are also farmers who take cash before harvesting the coconuts. However, transfer transactions often result in late payments by suppliers. The flow of information is divided into two directions, from farmers to collectors, collectors to suppliers, and suppliers to factories, and vice versa which is done intensively.
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Ellen Force, Jo. "Firewood Use in Idaho: Implications for Forest Management". Journal of Forestry 83, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 1985): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/83.1.36.
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Abstract A survey shows that, demographically, firewood collectors on national forests in Idaho are fairly typical of Idahoans in general, if somewhat wealthier. The most important reason they collect firewood is to save money. However, the statewide average of 50.5 miles driven one way, each trip, to obtain an average of 5.9 cords of wood--and other collecting behaviors reported--challenges this motive. Contrary to many forest managers' belief that recreation is the primary motivation, respondents said recreation was the least important. Forest management decisions regarding permit fee structure, availability of wood, and collecting practices could have important consequences for collectors.
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Valentino, Rahmat Alifin, Agus Rusmana e Ninis Agustini Damayani. "Konstruksi Realitas Kolektor Vinyl Musik". Journal of Music Science, Technology, and Industry 4, n.º 1 (19 de abril de 2021): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31091/jomsti.v4i1.1384.
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Purpose: This study aims to determine the meanings, motives and experiences of the collectors in collecting Vinyl. Research methods: This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection technique was done by interviewing. Informants in this study are three Vinyl collectors who have been collecting Vinyl for over 5 years and owning hundreds of Vinyl pieces. Results and discussion: The results in this study are (1) the meaning of collecting Vinyl is a representation of the collector’s love for music, Vinyl is a part of life, collecting Vinyl creates an addiction, Vinyl is a basic need, Vinyl is a daily routine, and Vinyl is a transaction tool. (2) The collector’s motive in collecting Vinyl is to appreciate musical works, want to contribute to the preservation of musical works, Vinyl a source of economy, physical factors and sound quality produced by higher quality Vinyl, Vinyl artwork that has aesthetic valued, history value, and the rarity of Vinyl. (3) Collectors’ experience in collecting Vinyl, namely consistency from the past until now collecting Vinyl, continuing to add to the Vinyl collection which numbered in the hundreds to thousands, making sacrifices in terms of finance, other basic needs, and social life in order to buy Vinyl, doing special and intensive care so that the sound and physical quality of Vinyl is maintained, providing a special room for Vinyl collections, and buying and selling and bartering transactions between Vinyl collectors. Implication: The development of technology made the world community switch to listening to music from Vinyl to digital platforms. However, there are still some people who are still loyal to use Vinyl as a medium for listening to music and collecting it.
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Donelson, Ken. "Books about Book Collecting for English Teachers". English Journal 88, n.º 5 (1 de maio de 1999): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ej1999449.
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Offers comments from collectors and dealers on the wonders and all-around fun of collecting books. Presents a short annotated list of books about book collecting and notes one book that will make readers want to collect books. Lists a baker’s dozen of other sources on book collecting and presents three quotations to end the matter.
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Burrows, Toby. "Collecting Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in Twentieth-Century Great Britain and North America". Museum Worlds 7, n.º 1 (1 de julho de 2019): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/armw.2019.070104.
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Medieval and Renaissance manuscripts were a significant commodity in the antiquarian sales market throughout the twentieth century, sought out by very wealthy collectors and small-scale buyers. The history of this manuscript market has not been analyzed systematically. This article is a first attempt to identify themes and trends across the century, beginning with the dominance of the great American Gilded Age collectors like Henry Huntington and the Morgans and their need to memorialize themselves. It argues that future research needs to assemble comprehensive data on prices and buyers in order to make possible more systematic analyses of trends and activities, and a more sophisticated understanding of the different reasons for which collectors collected and of the changing nature of manuscripts as objects with their own biographical trajectories and their own agency.
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Yurchisin, Jennifer, e Sara B. Marcketti. "Collectors behaving ethically: an emerging consumption constellation". Social Responsibility Journal 6, n.º 1 (9 de março de 2010): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17471111011024540.
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PurposeThis study aims to examine the characteristics of ethnographic textile collectors and compare them with the literature regarding fair trade consumers to explore the existence of a possible consumption constellation between collecting and fair trade purchasing.Design/methodology/approachPurposive sampling was used for the study as it maximized the attainment of significant information related to ethnographic textile collecting. Qualitative data from ethnographic textile collectors (n=12) were collected.FindingsResults suggested that collectors were interested in purchasing high quality, authentic products that expressed their identity and individuality. These are similarities shared with fair trade consumers. Furthermore, collectors' motives to help artisans overcome poverty were evident; a similar value guides fair trade purchasing.Research limitations/implicationsThe predominantly female sample of academics may not be representative of the average ethnographic textile collector.Practical implicationsUnderstanding the multiplicity of products and activities representative of one consumer group's lifestyle is beneficial to both for‐profit and non‐profit organizations in terms of product promotion or donation solicitation. The understanding of these consumers' lifestyle can, in turn, help marketers design and implement effective advertising and fundraising campaigns that improve the livelihood and wellbeing of excluded and disadvantaged people in developing countries.Originality/valueThe paper furthers the knowledge base and understanding of these different consumer segments by providing evidence of a consumption constellation between ethnographic textile collectors and fair trade consumers.
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Grimberg, Phillip. "Introduction to Special Issue on “Collecting, Collections, and Collectors”". Ming Qing Yanjiu 24, n.º 1 (15 de maio de 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24684791-12340040.
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Sotelo-Duarte, Manuel. "Collecting nostalgic pieces of plastic: the journey of toy collectors and the effects of nostalgia". Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal 25, n.º 2 (16 de março de 2022): 319–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qmr-07-2021-0090.
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Purpose This study aims to elucidate the role of nostalgia in collecting behavior and evaluate its effects during the collecting process in the context of an online collecting community. Design/methodology/approach A netnographic study was conducted to enhance the understanding of the online collecting community for vintage toys on YouTube. The study analyzed more than 40,000 comments from 9,028 users. Data were then analyzed, codified and grouped to determine the coexistence of collecting and nostalgia within the community. Findings Nostalgia influences collecting mainly in three stages: beginning of a collection, progression of a collection and the end of the collecting process (as a barrier). Additionally, new information about collecting behavior is presented: Collectors are mainly influenced by the people around them during the collecting process, and they are highly oriented toward obtaining information about pieces in their collection. Originality/value This study builds on the premise of nostalgia as a motivator for collecting and describes its effect in depth during the collecting process. Specifically, netnography was used to analyze this phenomenon within the context of the online collecting community.
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Knapczyk-Korczak, Joanna, Piotr K. Szewczyk, Daniel P. Ura, Katarzyna Berent e Urszula Stachewicz. "Hydrophilic nanofibers in fog collectors for increased water harvesting efficiency". RSC Advances 10, n.º 38 (2020): 22335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra03939j.
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Douglas, A. Starr, e E. Geoffrey Hancock. "Insect collecting in Africa during the eighteenth century and William Hunter's collection". Archives of Natural History 34, n.º 2 (outubro de 2007): 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2007.34.2.293.
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In the context of Africa detailed descriptions of collecting insects during the eighteenth century from Dru Drury's archive in The Natural History Museum, London, can be used to provenance insect specimens in William Hunter's collections in the Hunterian Museum, University of Glasgow. The demand and supply of insects during this period resulted in the issue of instructions to collectors. Improved methods for preserving and transporting insects from overseas evolved as the result of field experience. The link between explorers, professional collectors in the field, and private museums in London is described in relation to Hunter's cabinets.
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Lu, Yuhang, Renfeng Ding, Guosheng Li, Xiangyu Song, Yijun Cao e Kai Jia. "Research Progress with Scheelite Flotation Reagents: A Review". Minerals 13, n.º 10 (27 de setembro de 2023): 1257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13101257.
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With the depletion of easily mined and separated wolframite, scheelite has become the primary source of tungsten. Flotation is the primary technique used to enrich scheelite. However, flotation separation of scheelite from calcium-bearing gangue minerals, such as calcite and fluorite, has always been challenging due to their similar surface properties. To date, various flotation reagents and related mechanisms have been proposed for scheelite, which have attracted considerable attention. This paper reviews the scheelite flotation reagents, including collectors and regulators, and introduces recent research progress on the mechanisms for the interactions between the flotation reagents and mineral surfaces. The advantages and limitations of different flotation reagents are discussed. Inorganic or organic inhibitors in combination with fatty acids, chelate collectors, and cationic collectors are commonly used to separate scheelite from calcium-bearing gangue. Flotation differences between the scheelite and calcium-bearing minerals can be explained by variations in the electrical charges and steric hindrance at the mineral surfaces. In the future, fatty acid collectors will be still the main collectors used in scheelite flotation due to their low cost and strong collecting ability, and new collectors with high selectivity (such as metal complex collectors, new chelate collectors, new environmental collectors) will become a new research hotspot in the future due to their good selectivity.
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Zhang, Chengya, Lei Gao, Xiaofeng Zhou e Xiaohu Wu. "Stability and Photothermal Properties of Fe3O4-H2O Magnetic Nanofluids". Nanomaterials 13, n.º 13 (28 de junho de 2023): 1962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13131962.
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Solar collectors are more efficient and commercial devices for collecting solar energy, compared to other solar energy utilizations. To improve the efficiency of solar collectors, it is important to prepare a liquid heat-collecting medium, which is stable and has high photothermal properties. Therefore, in this work, we develop a droplet–droplet mixing technique to prepare Fe3O4-H2O magnetic nanofluid. The results show that magnetic nanofluids prepared using the droplet–droplet mixing technique have more stable performance and a better encapsulation of dispersants than those prepared via traditional liquid–liquid mixing. Then, the thermal conductivity and photothermal properties of Fe3O4-H2O magnetic nanofluids are investigated experimentally and theoretically. The thermal conductivity and temperature of the magnetic nanofluid with Fe3O4 nanoparticles of a 1.0% volume fraction can reach the maximum value of 0.95 W/m∙K and 73.9 °C when the magnetic field strength is equal to the saturation magnetic field of 800 Gs. These findings provide insights into the potential applications of Fe3O4-H2O magnetic nanofluids in direct absorption solar collectors, heat exchangers, automobile radiators, etc.
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Hrynevich, Yanina. "The History of the Formation of Folklore Collections in Belarus". Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore 91 (dezembro de 2023): 71–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/fejf2023.91.hrynevich.
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The article focuses on the knowledge of the formation circumstances and development of folklore collections in Belarus in historical perspective. The history of collecting Belarusian folklore is explored, concentrating on the main ideas and the most influential collectors and groups of collectors. The research questions concern the main collection centers, gathering strategies, and their changes in accordance with the dominant state ideology and cultural policy. The study reveals that the growing interest in collecting folklore was closely connected with the process of national revival and the creation of the Belarusian state. Initiated by the passion of individual amateur collectors and local historians, the collection of folklore gradually became an important national task and was concentrated in the main scientific centers. Besides state ideology, the greatest influence on the formation of folklore collections, their form and content, is exerted by the goals and approaches of individuals. The personality, the level of education and age of the collector have a direct impact on the collection processes and, respectively, on the data obtained as a result.
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FIGUEIREDO, ESTRELA, e GIDEON F. SMITH. "Plant collecting in Mozambique from 1900 to 1929: collectors, collections, herbaria, and why this period was considered to have been unproductive". Phytotaxa 601, n.º 1 (5 de julho de 2023): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.601.1.1.
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The collecting of botanical specimens in Mozambique for depositing in herbaria during the period from 1900 to 1929, i.e., up to the appointment of institutional collectors, such as António de Figueiredo Gomes e Sousa, is investigated. A comprehensive catalogue of collectors who were active in the country in the first ca. 30 years of the 20th century is provided. In addition, biographical information about the collectors and information regarding their activities, employment, collections, and herbaria where their collections are kept are catalogued. The analysis is presented in an historical context and we reflect on the reasons why this period has been referred to as having been “somewhat unproductive”.
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Katagoshchina, Mariya V. "PRIVATE COLLECTING AND BIBLIOPHILIA IN THE REPUBLICS OF THE SOVIET UNION BASED ON ONLINE MEMOIR SOURCES OF THE POST-SOVIET STATES". RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Eurasian Studies. History. Political Science. International Relations, n.º 4 (2023): 43–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7648-2023-4-43-65.
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The paper is about the development of private collecting in republics of the Soviet Union in the 1960s – 1980s. The memoirs of philatelists, bibliophiles, art collectors, posted in online local history magazines, on the websites of collecting clubs, in thematic blogs of the post-Soviet states, as well as comments on them form the narrative basis of the study. The author notes that the scientific literature published to date on the history of Soviet private collecting does not fully reflect the presence of that socio-cultural phenomenon in the public and private life of the national regions of the USSR, focusing mainly on the personalities and organizations of collectors and bibliophiles in Moscow and Leningrad. Based on memoir sources identified on the Internet, the author argues that in Alma-Ata (Kazakhstan), Vilnius (Lithuania), Baku (Azerbaijan), Tashkent (Uzbekistan) and in other capitals and large cities of the Union republics during the period under review communities of the art and book lovers were formed. Their collecting and educational activities played an important role in preserving the historical and cultural heritage of the post-Soviet states. Network communications on the topic of private collecting and bibliophilia in the USSR, including the exchange of memories by members of collecting communities, are an element of the common information and cultural space for the intelligentsia of the CIS and Baltic countries.
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Bellos, Evangelos, Ilias Daniil e Christos Tzivanidis. "Energetic and Financial Optimization of Solar Heat Industry Process with Parabolic Trough Collectors". Designs 2, n.º 3 (16 de julho de 2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs2030024.
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The objective of this work is the investigation of a solar heat industry process with parabolic trough solar collectors. The analysis is conducted for the climate conditions of Athens (Greece) and for five load temperature levels (100 °C, 150 °C, 200 °C, 250 °C, and 300 °C). The examined configuration combines parabolic trough solar collectors coupled to a storage tank and an auxiliary heat source for covering the thermal need of 100 kW. The solar thermal system was optimized using the collecting area and the storage tank volume as the optimization variables. There are three different optimization procedures, using different criteria in every case. More specifically, the solar coverage maximization, the net present value maximization, and the payback period minimization are the goals of the three different optimization procedures. Generally, it is found that the payback period is between five and six years, the net present value is between 500–600 k€, and the solar coverage is close to 60%. For the case of the 200 °C temperature level, the optimum design using the net present value criterion indicates 840 m2 of solar collectors coupled to a storage tank of 15.3 m3. The optimization using the solar cover indicates the use of 980 m2 of solar collectors with a tank of 28 m3, while the payback period minimization is found for a 560 m2 collecting area and an 8-m3 storage tank volume. The results of this work can be used for the proper design of solar heat industry process systems with parabolic trough collectors.
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Shpytkovska, Natalia. "Development of Art Collecting in Ukraine: Historical, Cultural, and Social Background During Late 17th–18th Centuries". Artistic Culture. Topical Issues, n.º 17(1) (8 de junho de 2021): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31500/1992-5514.17(1).2021.235258.
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The article studies the origins and features of the art collecting at the territory of modern Ukraine. Socio-cultural, geo-political and historical backsground of the 17th–18th centuries became subject for consideration while making conclusions regarding the reasons and period when art collecting became widespread among the ruling elites and noble families of the region. The history of such collections is examined, their main characteristics and components at the time when Ukraine was divided into Left-bank and Right-bank Ukraine were observed.The research identifies main types of artistic practices widespread at that time in Ukraine, which served as the source of collectibles for private and primary institutional collections. The article considers differences of art collecting phenomenon caused by geographical context (Right-bank, Left-bank Ukraine) and by the changes in political and religious factors that all had impacted behavior and preferences of collectors. The research covers main well-known art collectors and demonstrates examples of collections, which laid the foundation for the transformation of collecting from the individual accumulation and preservation of cultural values to the formation of museum-level collections of national and worldwide importance.
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Ng, Ashton. "Bibliophilia: the Passion of Ming Dynasty Private Book Collectors". Ming Qing Yanjiu 24, n.º 2 (13 de outubro de 2020): 279–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24684791-12340051.
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Abstract In the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), book collecting evolved from an elite pastime into a widespread obsession. ‘Bibliophilia’—the passionate love for books—drove many book collectors to exhaust their fortunes or even trade their concubines for books. As books became indispensable towards gaining respectability in Chinese society, scholars, merchants, and landowners ensured that their residences were thoroughly infused with the prestigious “fragrance of books”. Some literati even regarded book collecting as a man’s most important undertaking in life. Ming private book collectors broke away from tradition and made their private collections available for others to view, exchange, or copy, greatly promoting the circulation of books. Through their incredible attention to the collection, classification, storage, and proofreading of books, Ming bibliophiles contributed enormously to the preservation and transmission of Chinese culture.
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Van Den Eede, Yoni. "Collecting Our Lives Online". Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology 14, n.º 2 (2010): 103–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/techne201014213.
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As we become more and more involved with digital technologies on a daily basis, we are in need of a model to make sense of what we do with and “in” them. Here we analyze the use of digital media by way of a collecting paradigm, since our online activities – centered on selecting, accumulating, organizing, and showing – strongly resemble the practice of collectors. In the first part of the paper, we outline the main traits of collecting practices, and discuss relevant online practices in the light of these traits, thereby tracing the contours of an online “collecting culture.” In the second part, we list the possible underlying causes and motivations for collecting, and investigate how far these explanations also apply to online activity, so offering a preliminary framework for the further study of online practices.
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Prochaska, Alice. "National Collections, Global Collecting: The Responsibilities of Librarians as Collectors". Libraries & the Cultural Record 37, n.º 1 (2002): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lac.2002.0013.
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Herrmann, F. "Collecting then and now: The English and some other collectors". Journal of the History of Collections 21, n.º 2 (25 de março de 2009): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhc/fhp010.
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Pratiwi, Annisa Marchantia, Hari Kaskoyo, Susni Herwanti e Rommy Qurniati. "SALURAN PEMASARAN KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea robusta) DI AGROFORESTRI PEKON AIR KUBANG, KECAMATAN AIR NANINGAN, KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS". Jurnal Belantara 2, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 2019): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbl.v2i2.183.
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Agroforestry systems, with products in the form of robusta coffee, can increase income and environmental sustainability. The research objective is to find out the robusta coffee marketing channel. Retrieval of data through interviews with actors or institutions involved, observation, and documentation studies. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively qualitatively about the structure, behavior, and market channels. The results of the study indicate that there are several marketing institutions, namely: farmers, collectors, wholesalers, retailers, and cooperatives. In addition, there are three channels of robusta coffee marketing, namely: (1) farmers to collectors, then wholesalers and retailers, (2) farmers to cooperatives, then retailers, and (3) farmers to cooperatives. The most efficient channel is the third channel, but most farmers choose to sell their coffee to the first channel. This is because of the closer distance to the collecting traders, the lending of money given to farmers by collecting traders, and the absence of special treatment for coffee sold. The market structure formed in coffee marketing is the oligopsonist market, where the price of coffee is determined by large traders. The capacity of cooperatives should be improved by the government in order to compete with collectors, wholesalers, and retailers.
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Radley, J. D. "The Jurassic of Warwickshire: perspectives on collecting". Geological Curator 8, n.º 4 (dezembro de 2005): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.55468/gc360.
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Southern and eastern parts of Warwickshire, central England, are a dominantly lowland terrain underlain by highly fossiliferous Lower and Middle Jurassic strata. Historically, these beds were revealed in numerous quarries and cuttings, but are now relatively poorly exposed. The Warwickshire Museum continues to collect Jurassic rocks and fossils as well as site records. Recently acquired specimens have been used for displays, outreach and research projects. Additionally, Jurassic sites continue to provide geological materials for student projects, and attract limited numbers of amateur collectors.
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Folan, Lucie. "Wisdom of the Goddess: Uncovering the Provenance of a Twelfth-Century Indian Sculpture at the National Gallery of Australia". Collections: A Journal for Museum and Archives Professionals 15, n.º 1 (março de 2019): 5–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550190619832383.
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The history of Prajnaparamita, Goddess of Wisdom, a twelfth-century Indian Buddhist sculpture in the National Gallery of Australia collection, has been researched and evaluated through a dedicated Asian Art Provenance Project. This article describes how the sculpture was traced from twelfth-century Odisha, India, to museums in Depression-era Brooklyn and Philadelphia, through dealers and private collectors Earl and Irene Morse, to Canberra, Australia, where it has been since 1990. Frieda Hauswirth Das (1886–1974), previously obscured from art-collecting records, is revealed as the private collector who purchased the sculpture in India in around 1930. Incidental discoveries are then documented, extending the published provenance of objects in museum collections in the United States and Europe. Finally, consideration is given to the sculpture’s changing legal and ethical position, and the collecting rationales of its various collectors. The case study illustrates the contributions provenance research can make to archeological, art-historical, and collections knowledge, and elucidates aspects of the heterodox twentieth-century Asian art trade, as well as concomitant shifts in collecting ethics.
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He, Miao, Peng Qi, Leng Han e Xiongkui He. "Study on Spray Evaluation: The Key Role of Droplet Collectors". Agronomy 14, n.º 2 (30 de janeiro de 2024): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14020305.
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Droplet collectors are commonly utilized to gauge the effect of pesticide deposition on crops. However, the varying surface characteristics of these collectors can lead to disparate data outcomes. Notably, water-sensitive paper is limited in humid environments, hindering rapid droplet deposition evaluation. Consequently, the selection of appropriate droplet collectors based on the environmental conditions is imperative. This study involved the use of five typical droplet collectors to establish a method for the swift and accurate evaluation of spray effectiveness, employing various spray liquids. It was observed that the surface free energy of five widely used droplet collectors was measured as follows: 35.11 mN m−1 for semigloss paper, 33.81 mN m−1 for coated paper laminated with polyvinyl chloride, 48.38 mN m−1 for kromekote paper (KP), 33.90 mN m−1 for polyvinyl chloride cards, and 39.95 mN m−1 for water-sensitive paper. When comparing the outcomes of deposition tests across these five collectors, it was noted that the results pertaining to droplet density were minimally influenced by the surface properties of the collectors with droplet coverage following. The volume of deposition was found to be the most susceptible to the surface characteristics of the collectors. Therefore, in the context of collecting and processing droplets, prioritizing droplet density as the metric for evaluation proved to be more reliable than using the other indicators.
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Krypczyk-De Barra, Aleksandra. "Jewish Art Collectors in Poland and the Works of Maksymilian Gierymski before World War II". Ars Judaica: The Bar Ilan Journal of Jewish Art 16, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2020): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/aj.2020.16.5.
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From the end of the nineteenth century and up to the beginning of World War II, many of Maksymilian Gierymski’s (1846-1874) works were part of the collections of respected Jewish collectors, including Maksymilian Adam Oderfeld, Edward Rejcher, Stanisław Rotwand, Adolf Peretz, and Abe Gutnajer. They combined buying Polish art with providing financial support for many Polish cultural institutions. Thanks to these collectors the Polish public had better knowledge of Gierymski’s art. They bought his works at a time when the best examples of his oeuvre were abroad. 1939 was a tragic turning point for their activity. Collections were destroyed or stolen, including Gierymski’s work, and most of these items were not catalogued. Nevertheless, the collectors’ knowledge, passion, and expertise raised the bar for standards in Polish art collecting generally. The forgotten activity of Poland’s Jewish collectors is an essential part of the history of nineteenth-century Polish art.
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McAleer, John. "‘The troubles of collecting’: William Henry Harvey and the practicalities of natural-history collecting in Britain's nineteenth-century world". British Journal for the History of Science 55, n.º 1 (17 de dezembro de 2021): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087421000704.
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AbstractIn recent decades, historians have become increasingly interested in the logistical challenges and difficulties encountered by those responsible for the collection, preservation and safe transport of specimens from the field to the museum or laboratory. This article builds on this trend by looking beyond apparent successes to consider the practices and practicalities of shipboard travel and maritime and coastal collecting activities. The discussion focuses on the example of William Henry Harvey, who travelled to Australia in pursuit of cryptogams – non-flowering plants like mosses, lichens and algae – in 1853. In his private correspondence to family and friends, Harvey offered insights into the challenges and obstacles faced by all collectors in the period. His experiences were fundamentally shaped by the material culture, embodied knowledge and physical constraints he encountered on the way. On one level, shipboard and onshore collecting activities were facilitated by the connections forged by new technologies and Britain's global empire. But they also depended on specific contexts and relied on local agents and actors, as well as on the physical and technical facilities (and limitations) of those doing the collecting. The examples of Harvey and others shed light on the real, ‘lived’ experiences of individual collectors, the difficulties and challenges they encountered in amassing their collections, and the networks of people on which they relied.
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Willmott, Cory. "The Paradox of Gender among West China Missionary Collectors, 1920-1950". Social Sciences and Missions 25, n.º 1-2 (2012): 129–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187489412x628118.
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During the turbulent years between the Chinese nationalist revolution of 1911 and the communist victory of 1949, a group of missionaries lived and worked in West China whose social gospel theologies led to unusual identification with Chinese. Among the regular social actors in their lives were itinerant “curio men” who, amidst the chaos of feuding warlords, gathered up the heirlooms of the deposed Manchurian aristocracy and offered these wares for sale on the quiet and orderly verandahs of the mansions inside the missionary compounds of West China Union University. Although missionary men and women often collected the same types of Chinese antiquities, these became variously specimens, fine arts, commodities and household effects because their collecting practices were framed within different cultural and gendered domains of value. The scientific and connoisseurial male-gendered collecting paradigms often bolstered the anti-imperialist Chinese nationalist modernities of the Republican state. They were therefore paradoxically at odds with female-gendered collecting paradigms that drew in part upon feminist discourses of capitalist consumerism. Coupled with residual ideals of domesticity and philanthropy, these fluid female discourses resonated with emergent Chinese New Woman modernities and inspired missionary women in creative bicultural identity projects.
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Lefloïc-Lebel, Adam. "Collectionner des jeux vidéo au Québec". Le jeu vidéo au Québec 14, n.º 23 (8 de julho de 2021): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1078731ar.
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This article takes a look at the community of game collectors in Quebec, first by exploring how ludovideophily compares itself from classic collecting. We then isolate Quebec video game collection to identify how the community navigates through a world that is even more open and that interacts mostly in English. Do specifically Quebec centric attributes exist ? An incursion inside this group will highlight our reflection and help confirm if these collectors meld themselves in the bigger group or if they stick their head high enough to differentiate from the international communities.
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Zharnikov, Vyacheslav S. "Features of growth for Mytilus trossulus (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) in various conditions of habitat in the Tauiskaya Bay of the Okhotsk Sea". Izvestiya TINRO 186, n.º 3 (30 de setembro de 2016): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2016-186-193-197.
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Biology of Mytilus trossulus is investigated in the Vesyolaya Cove, the Tauiskaya Bay on June 16 - September 20, 2011 within experimental studies of its cultivation ability in severe conditions of the northern Okhotsk Sea. In case of so called Spanish cultivation technology or its White Sea modification, the mussels grow to the commercial size (35 mm) in 3-4 seasons. To decrease this time to 1-2 seasons, the breeding technology is applied with the mussels collecting from the littoral substrate and their further breeding in hanged collectors. The mussels growth rate is evaluated both on the littoral substrate and in the collectors. The growth rate becomes lower after the mussels transfer from the littoral substrate to the hanged collectors but increases intensively after their transfer from the collectors to the littoral substrate, being higher that for the originally littoral mollusks. The growth rate dependence on size and age of the mussels is considered.
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Fajari, Muhammad Falah, Gunawan Budhi e Masahiro Umezaki. "A mini-ethnography of honey gathering: The practice and its contribution to livelihood systems in rural areas". ETNOSIA : Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia 8, n.º 2 (27 de novembro de 2023): 212–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31947/etnosia.v8i2.28131.
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As part of the people's culture, the livelihood system, various community groups in Indonesia have been practicing stinging bees honey-gathering. Many studies have reported such activities quite widely. In the context of honey-gathering activities and somewhat different from other reports, this study describes the activities of collecting honey produced by stingless bees (Tetragonula sp.) practiced by honey collectors in Sumedang Regency, West Java. The study applied the mini-ethnography method to study the honey collection and its economic system, practiced by six groups of honey collectors, by conducting participant observation and in-depth interviews. The description of study results includes knowledge systems, honey-gathering practices, social relations among the collectors, collected honey utilization, and honey-gathering practices in the context of the rural economy. This study suggests that as part of the community's livelihood system, the stingless bee honey gathering generates a significant income for honey collectors and to some extent contributes to the livelihood system in rural areas.
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Luke, Christina. "Diplomats, Banana Cowboys, and Archaeologists in Western Honduras: A History of the Trade in Pre-Columbian Materials". International Journal of Cultural Property 13, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 2006): 25–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739106060036.
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This paper explores access to the Honduran past with a focus on northwestern Honduras, particularly the Ulua Valley. The foundations of national patrimony legislation and the practice of collecting antiquities are used to explore whether the disassociation of the archaeological community from the collecting sphere over the last several decades has better protected the archaeological record. I argue that early field expeditions led by U.S. archaeologists, the shipment of their finds to U.S. institutions, and subsequent massive looting galvanized Honduran efforts aimed at national patrimony legislation. The roles of the U.S. government and U.S.-based businesses as negotiating bodies in the early days of Honduran expeditions from 1890 to 1940 are explored in detail, particularly in the sphere of opening up the region to collectors and the role of the U.S. antiquities market. We can understand the early days of collecting in Honduras precisely because of the close relationships once forged between collectors, museums, and archaeologists, networks that have now disappeared because of current conceptions of archaeological ethics. The changing definition of a collector represents a key point throughout this analysis; at one time archaeologists, museums, and businesses were the primary collectors. The shift from the labelcollectortoarchaeologistis explored through the lens of the development of archaeology as a discipline, with a particular emphasis on context, and the contemporary legislative efforts aimed at cultural heritage projection. The essay concludes with a look at recent archaeological work in the region and the increasingly strict cultural patrimony legislation, specifically the 2004 U.S.–Honduran Memorandum of Understanding.