Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Disques intervertébraux – Dégénérescence (pathologie)"
Crie uma referência precisa em APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, e outros estilos
Índice
Consulte a lista de atuais artigos, livros, teses, anais de congressos e outras fontes científicas relevantes para o tema "Disques intervertébraux – Dégénérescence (pathologie)".
Ao lado de cada fonte na lista de referências, há um botão "Adicionar à bibliografia". Clique e geraremos automaticamente a citação bibliográfica do trabalho escolhido no estilo de citação de que você precisa: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
Você também pode baixar o texto completo da publicação científica em formato .pdf e ler o resumo do trabalho online se estiver presente nos metadados.
Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Disques intervertébraux – Dégénérescence (pathologie)"
Grignon, Bruno. "La plaque cartilagineuse vertébrale : sa place dans la pathologie discale". Nancy 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN11318.
Texto completo da fonteThe cartilaginous end-plate (CEP) is the anatomic limit between the vertebra and the intervertebral disc (IVD). Since the latter is avascular in adults, the CEP is supposed to play a key role in the metabolism of the IVD. Consequently, it has been postulated that the decrease in permeability of the CEP is the main cause of disc degeneration. However, the permeability depends at least partially on the morphological state of the CEP, and few studies have been carried out on this subject. In addition, little is known about the age-related changes of the CEP compared to those of the IVD. After a review of the literature dealing with the CEP and the pathogenesis of disc degeneration, the results of research works on the CEP are presented. The objectives of the main study were to examine the CEP of fifty intervertebral disks of human lumbar spines, to classify the age-related changes in both CEP and IVD, and to compare them. No significant difference was found with regard to these features in the different age groups and no significant correlation was found between the morphological grade of the CEP and that of the IVD, suggesting that the importance of the CEP in disc degeneration is open to debate. The development, the vascular supply and the ultrastucture of the IVD were also studied. Finally, the value of comparing the human joint of vertebral bodies to a diarthrodial joint is discussed in the light of these different points of view
Magnier, Carole. "Contribution à la compréhension de la dégénérescence discale : interaction entre le comportement osmoticomécanique du disque intervertébral et le transport et le métabolisme de ses nutriments". Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2009AIX22036.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteIntervertebral disc degeneration is generally taken to result from chronic insufficiency of the cell nutrition. The renewal of the extracellular matrix shows a deficit, which therefore leads to the loss of proteoglycans, hydrophilic macromolecules which play a fundamental role in the disc biomechanical behavior. The metabolic pathway is the glycolysis, mainly the anaerobic one. Consequently, glucose and small quantities of oxygen are consumed, while the main waste product is lactate. A multiphasic model is used to describe the coupling between the intervertebral disc osmomechanical behavior and the nutrient transport and metabolism. The disc is represented in 2-D using a plane strain formulation in the sagittal plane and in the frontal plane. It is first of all brought into the unloaded state, an equilibrium state where it is fixed to both adjacent vertebrae and free to swell in a physiological saline solution. Its osmomechanical behavior and the nutrient spatial repartition are yet studied. Then, some properties of the disc are modified in order to examine the biomechanical and metabolic consequences of these alterations. Numerical results show that the nutrient distribution is more affected by the variation of porosity, nutrient diffusivity or cell density than by the variation of disc stiffness or proteoglycan concentration. After, the intervertebral disc is submitted to a diurnal loading / nocturnal unloading cycle and the first study is continued with the analysis of the influence of this nycthemeral cycle. Dependence relations are highlighted between nutrient concentration, cell metabolism rate and disc loading. Finally, the 2-D model is compared to the 3-D equivalent one in the unloaded state in order to evaluate the pertinence of the plane strain hypothesis. Thus, this thesis has allowed bringing some answer elements about the link between intervertebral disc properties and loading and nutrient transport and metabolism
Oliveira, Stéphanie de. "Hydrogels denses collagène/acide hyaluronique par biofabrication pour le développement d’un nouveau modèle in vitro d’Annulus Fibrosus". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS307.
Texto completo da fonteThe intervertebral disc degeneration is an irreversible pathology leading to low back pain. The intervertebral disc is composed of three tissues: the Nucleus Pulposus located in the center, surrounded by the Annulus Fibrosus (AF) and two cartilaginous plates located above and below. Disc degeneration is characterized by a hydration loss of the Nucleus Pulposus (NP), which becomes fibrous and no longer acts as a shock absorber. The forces exerted by the NP on the AF break it, causing the leakage of the NP leading to disc herniation. Several drug and surgical treatments have been developed but none stops or slows down the disc degeneration. This is due to a lack of knowledge of this disease. Most animal models are quadrupedal and do not reproduce the characteristics of the human pathology. This is why it is essential to develop novel in vitro models using human cells. Furthermore, biomaterials based on natural polymers are the most suitable for the development of three-dimensional in vitro models because these biopolymers are the natural support of cells. In order to mimic a complete intervertebral disc, it is essential to reproduce the three parts of this tissue. This thesis project aimed to develop a novel model of Annulus Fibrosus. For this purpose, two biopolymers present in the native tissue were selected: hyaluronic acid which gives hydration to the disc and collagen which is the natural support of cells. The first objective of this thesis was devoted to the formulation of a printable ink to reproduce the AF extracellular matrix. To do this, a physicochemical study was carried out on collagen/hyaluronic acid (HA) interactions. After mixing, these two biopolymers form polyionic complexes (PICs) and precipitate due to their opposite charges. So, a homogeneous ink cannot be obtained. Inhibition of PICs formation is effective at very acidic pH (pH 1) in with salt addition. Nevertheless, these conditions are incompatible with cell survival. By modulating the pH and ionic strength, we discovered a new method to formulate a homogeneous collagen/HA ink. Using a collagen solution close to its isoelectric point (pH 5.5) in presence of NaCl, we triggered the formation of collagen fibrils in solution. Interactions with HA are inhibited in these conditions and PICs are not formed anymore. Then, a fibrillary collagen hydrogel can be formed by raising the pH to 7 and HA can be crosslinked to obtain hydrogels with optimized physical properties. The second objective was to design the in vitro model of Annulus Fibrosus. Since AF is an anisotropic tissue, we 3D printed dense collagen solutions to induce alignment. Indeed, the shearing of dense solutions during printing aligns collagen. Two strategies were tested in this study. (i) The ink previously formulated was used at high concentration (30 mg.mL-1 for collagen, 7.5 mg.mL-1 for HA) with a 4:1 collagen/hyaluronic acid ratio to resemble the native AF. This ink was printed in a gelation bath (2X PBS, 10-3M NaOH) and photocrosslinked under green light (eosin Y used as photo initiator). (ii) A second ink was used, only composed of concentrated collagen and printed in the same gelling bath. Then, an impregnation process with HA was carried out followed by the photocrosslinking with green light. The two methods allowed the production of anisotropic lamellae with structural features resembling those of AF as well as interesting rheological properties (G' = 6kPa). These lamellae were cellularized with fibroblasts confined between two printed layers. Cell viability and morphology were similar to that observed within the native tissue. If the physiological mechanical properties were not reached, biocompatibility, bioactivity, structure and anisotropy of these biomaterials were close to the native tissue, this allows to validate them as a novel 3D model of Annulus Fibrosus
Frayssinet, Antoine. "Hydrogels composites collagène/acide hyaluronique cellularisés et biomimétiques pour la régénération du Nucleus Pulposus". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS312.
Texto completo da fonteHalf of chronic back pain is associated with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. We hypothesized that a biomimetic hydrogel would promote the regeneration of the Nucleus Pulposus, the central part of IVD. Hydrogels will provide cues to incorporated mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to in situ differentiate into nucleopulpocytes. With different contents of functionalized hyaluronan (HA-Tyr), Collagen/HA-Tyr hydrogels were produced and characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, rheology, DSC, accelerated in vitro enzymatic degradation and tested for their ability to absorb water. MSC were then incorporated within Col/HA-Tyr composites and cultured over 28 days. Cell viability was assessed and cell differentiation was analysed by quantitative PCR and indirect immunohistochemistry. The presence of several nucleopulpocytes differentiation markers, such as type II Collagen, Aggrecan and KRT 18 was monitored. The manufacturing process allowed the generation of highly hydrated hydrogels (> 90%), mechanically biomimetic, resistant against enzymatic degradation, in which collagen fibrillogenesis was preserved. Without any differentiation factor, both elasticity and structure of the Col/HA-Tyr composite hydrogels seems to be sufficient to induce the differentiation of the incorporated MSCs into nucleopulpocytes. In addition, the presence of collagen was necessary for an adequate cell adhesion. Developed according to a biomimetic approach, this platform of Col-HA-Tyr hydrogels appears promising for the intervertebral disc repair
Flouzat, Lachaniette Charles-Henri. "Régénération tissulaire en pathologie rachidienne et orthopédique". Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC0032.
Texto completo da fonteDegenerative disc disease (DDD) is characterized by premature aging of the intervertebral disc (IVD) and gradual dehydration of the nucleus pulposus (NP), ultimately causing back pain. The general objective of this work is to establish preclinical data to regenerate the IVD in moderate DDD. In the first chapter, we have identified a growth factor association and a culture method to achieve nucleopulpogenic prédifférentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from human bone marrow. Our results show that the three-dimensional culture of MSCs in alginate beads in the presence of TGF-β3, GDF-5 and BMP-7 directs them to a cartilaginous phenotype. In the second chapter, we developed a porcine model of DDD, induced by cryoinjury, and compared it to reference techniques. Assessing the importance of DDD was performed by CT, MRI and histologically. A histological score of porcine DDD has been described and validated. Cryoinjury yielded a higher DDD that other techniques. In a third chapter, we injected preoriented MSCs in cryo-injured IVDs. MRI analysis showed an improvement in the signal intensity and the surface of the NP after the injection. The immunohistological analysis showed a survival of the MSCs in the porcine IVD 2 months after injection. In a fourth chapter, we compared the rate of fusion and complication for rhBMP-2 and autologous cancellous graft in the anterior lumbar interbody fusion, in the same cohort of patients. RhBMP-2 was associated with a lower fusion rate and a higher rate of radiological complications than the cancellous autograft
Hamel, Olivier. "Disque intervertébral lombal : contributions à la compréhension des phénomènes de dégénérescence discale". Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT39VS.
Texto completo da fonteInterVertebral Disc (lVD) degeneration probably represents the first cause of low back pain for which tissue engineering seems to be a clinically promising approach. Implementation of this technology implies the availability of new tools for assessing IVD degeneration and a suitable animal model IVD is a fibrocartilaginous tissue consists of a complex extra-cellular matrix playing a critical role as "shock absorber". Two new tools seem interesting in order to characterize IVD degeneration. First the study of visco-elastic properties, second the use of FTIR spectroscopy which provides a representation of the biochemical composition. These tools have been studied in rabbit IVDof different ages and in human IVD from cadavers. The study of visco-elastic properties is made difficult by their variability. Infrared spectroscopy reveals some chemical groups characterizing incipient IVD degeneration. A new animal model has also been developed in NZW rabbits, based on a laser treatment of IVD. This process allows to induce a progressive IVD degeneration, similar to spontaneous one. Use of rabbit and cadavers IVD has shown the interest of those techniques despite difficulties with size and disponibility. These points will lead us to use a more adapted animal like sheep
Ghiss, Moncef. "Dégénérescence discale et outils de diagnostics : couplage d'un modèle osmotico-mécanique et d'imagerie de résonance magnétique nucléaire". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4334.
Texto completo da fonteDisc diseases are major public health problem in industrialized countries where they affect a large proportion of the population. Disc degeneration (DD) is considered to be one of the leading causes of pain consultation and sick leave in France. This study is an attempt to diagnose DD and more generally an assessment of the functionality and viability of the InterVertebral Disc (IVD). The IVD is an heterogeneous cartilage, that ensures rachis mobility and optimal stress redistribution between vertebrae. These two main properties are linked to the hydric content and the presence of proteoglycans (PG) which decline in a natural process throughout life. This degenerative process is in some case accelerated, leading to the Degenerative Disc Diseases (DDD) or troubles. Several studies have shown the importance of the water content of the disc on its biomechanical behavior. The aims of our study are:1. to follow with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), the variation in morphology and hydration under mechanical stress,2. to follow with a numerical model, the changes in mechanical parameters such as stiffness, Poisson's ratio and the intrinsic permeability of the IVD.The post-processing on Magnetic Resonance (MR) data allowed reconstructing the 3D deformation under a known mechanical load and deducing the porosity of the disc. The results obtained are conform with the literature and the adopted behavior adheres perfectly with the experimental data. This study demonstrates also, the ability to calculate the mechanical parameters of an IVD, providing precious information to understand the mechanical behaviour and hence judge the viability of the IVD
Noury, Fanny. "Etude in vivo de la dégénérescence discale par IRM à 9,4 T : application à la validation de méthodes de réparation discale chez le lapin". Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00347842.
Texto completo da fonteIl est maintenant largement admis que la dégénérescence du disque intervertébral (DIV) est la principale cause de lombalgie. Cette dégénérescence est un processus complexe caractérisé par des changements biochimiques et structuraux intervenant dans les différents tissus du DIV. Aujourd'hui, seuls des traitements médicaux symptomatiques de la lombalgie sont disponibles et il n'existe pas de traitement spécifique de la dégénérescence discale.
L'imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) est une technique reconnue comme un outil non invasif et totalement atraumatique de diagnostic chez l'homme. L'IRM permet de caractériser la morphologie et la physiologie d'un être vivant à partir des modifications de l'état de l'eau dans ses tissus. De part la composition du DIV (principalement de l'eau) l'IRM s'avère être particulièrement adaptée à l'étude du DIV sain ou dégénératif, ainsi qu'à sa régénération dans le cadre de l'évaluation de l'efficacité d'un traitement.
Les objectifs de ce projet ont d'abord été de développer un protocole d'IRM in vivo du DIV chez le lapin, capable de différencier des DIV sains et pathologiques et de mettre en évidence différents stades de dégénérescence discale. Ce protocole a ensuite permis d'évaluer l'efficacité de nouvelles techniques de réparation discale développées par la société Abbott Spine SA.
En parallèle de ce travail chez le lapin, l'IRM in vivo du DIV de souris a été développée, dans le but d'utiliser des modèles transgéniques de pathologies articulaires et d'étudier leur impact sur le DIV.
Ajaj, Sawsan. "Pathologie traumatique du cartilage des plateaux vertébraux lombaires chez l'enfant et l'adolescent sportif : à propos de 10 cas d'arrachement du limbus". Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2M151.
Texto completo da fonteChetoui, Mohamed-Amine. "Modélisation du comportement biomécanique du disque intervertébral". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDM0008/document.
Texto completo da fonteIntervertebral disc degeneration (DD) is a natural process affecting a large part of the population. However, it can be accelerated by several factors and then become associated to lumbar disc pathologies. Given that the DD is symptomless, it is complicated to diagnostic it early. In this context, the present work aims to develop a new methodology of DD diagnostic based on medical imaging and biomechanical modeling.The intervertebral discs (IVD) are fibro-cartilaginous joints that connect vertebrae together ensuring their relative motion. They support and distribute loads applied on the spine. Mechanically, the IVD can be assimilated to a biological porous media in which the solid phase is composed of the extracellular matrix (MEC) and the fluid phase is formed by water content. It is a non-homogeneous and anisotropic component. The IVD is nonvascularized and characterized by a high water content in which cell nutrients diffuses from the adjacent vertebrae. Given this latter particularity, the porosity of the IVD presents a key factor in in its functioning especially when exposed to mechanical non-physiological loads. One of the main keys in the elaboration of a reliable DD diagnostic is to determine objectively some of the IVD interne properties related to its water content. In the present work, a new quantitative methodology of DD diagnostic is proposed. This method is based on a coupling between the medical imaging and the IVD biomechanical behavior modeling. A biphasic IVD model is developed using data from MRI imaging. This model takes into account the anisotropy of the IVD and the effect of the mechanical deformation on the nutrient transport process.The mechanical part of the developed model was firstly validated using results of relaxation tests previously performed by the biomechanics staff of IRPHE. The model is able to predict water distribution within the IVD and the water loss as response to a mechanical load. These results confirm the reliability of the developed diagnostic methodology for the studied cases. The biomechanical response to quasi-static and cyclic loads is then analyzed. The present work proposes and evaluates a new methodology of DD quantitative diagnostic. It also analyzes and compares mechanical and metabolic responses to quasi-static and cyclic loads