Siga este link para ver outros tipos de publicações sobre o tema: Diagnostic tool development.
Livros sobre o tema "Diagnostic tool development"
Crie uma referência precisa em APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, e outros estilos
Veja os 50 melhores livros para estudos sobre o assunto "Diagnostic tool development".
Ao lado de cada fonte na lista de referências, há um botão "Adicionar à bibliografia". Clique e geraremos automaticamente a citação bibliográfica do trabalho escolhido no estilo de citação de que você precisa: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
Você também pode baixar o texto completo da publicação científica em formato .pdf e ler o resumo do trabalho online se estiver presente nos metadados.
Veja os livros das mais diversas áreas científicas e compile uma bibliografia correta.
1
Nikolaeva, Tat'yana. Virtual professional practice for students of speech pathologists. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2099006.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The monograph presents an approach to the development of a digital tool for the professional training of students of speech pathologists — a virtual practice aimed at the formation of professional competencies in the field of pedagogical diagnostics of children with disabilities. The stages of virtual practice development are considered, the principles of its design are revealed. The place and functions of the created digital tool in the educational process of higher education are described. The results of an experimental study are presented, indicating the effectiveness of the use of virtual practice for the formation of professional competencies of students of speech pathologists.
It is addressed to specialists of the education system, teachers, students of pedagogical universities, practitioners in the field of correctional pedagogy. It can be useful to all those who are interested in creating virtual, digital learning tools in the process of preparing students of various fields of study and specialties.
2
Anohin, Yuriy, Boris Narkevich e Nikolay Shimanovskiy. Application of nuclear and radiation technologies in medicine. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1882570.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The textbook contains information on new technologies of radiation diagnostics and therapy of oncological diseases, new and promising therapeutic and diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals, new directions in nuclear medicine in Russia and in developed foreign countries, as well as on the coordination of efforts of international organizations to maintain and improve the health of the population of different countries.
The active activity of the Rosatom State Corporation on the introduction and development of programs for the non-energy use of nuclear and radiation technologies to improve the health of the world's population, as well as training and training programs for high-tech medicine, combating widespread epidemic diseases, improving health systems in Russia and developing countries is shown.
The basic nuclear-physical and therapeutic-diagnostic requirements for radionuclides and radiopharmaceutical drugs used in nuclear medicine are described. Information on the clinical application of new therapeutic and diagnostic tools developed in Russia for the needs of nuclear medicine is presented. In a comparative aspect, a brief description of educational programs of academic training of specialists for high-tech medicine in Russia and developed countries is given.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation 03.04.02 "Physics" (profile "Medical physics", educational programs "Medical physics of nuclear medicine"
and "Medical physics of radiation diagnostics and therapy") and 30.05.02 "Medical biophysics".
It is intended for students of master's programs and postgraduates of various specialties — biomedical, physico-chemical, biological, environmental, pharmaceutical. It can be useful for university teachers, as well as for specialists in the application of nuclear and radiation technologies, developers of new methods, systems and technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in humans.
3
Stozharova, Marina, Yuliya Sidorova, Leysan Nurtdinova e Yuliya Pazyaeva. Development of intellectual abilities of older preschool children in various forms of mathematical work. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1989214.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The monograph describes the problem of developing the intellectual abilities of older preschool children in various forms of mathematical work. A detailed experiment with the obtained diagnostic data of children of the experimental study group is described. The system of work with children on the development of their intellectual abilities is presented, the author's program "Young Mathematician" and methodological recommendations for the program of the creative team of kindergarten teachers No. 63 (Ulyanovsk) are proposed. The program was developed under the guidance of Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Preschool and Primary General Education of the Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov M.Yu. Stozharova.
The program is aimed at developing the intellectual abilities of older preschool children.
The program is equipped with diagnostic tools and complete methodological support. The results confirming the effectiveness of the development of intellectual abilities of older preschool children after the work carried out under this program are presented.
It is addressed to teachers, students, postgraduates interested in the problems of modern technological approach in preschool education.
4
Stephen, Snow, e D'Amico Miranda, eds. Assessment in the creative arts therapies: Designing and adapting assessment tools for adults with developmental disabilities. Springfield, Ill: Charles C. Thomas, 2009.
Encontre o texto completo da fonte
5
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Continued development of expert system tools for NPSS engine diagnostics: Final report; grant period: March 13, 1995 - August 12, 1996; NASA grant number: NCC3-400. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.
Encontre o texto completo da fonte
6
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Continued development of expert system tools for NPSS engine diagnostics: Final report; grant period: March 13, 1995 - August 12, 1996; NASA grant number: NCC3-400. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.
Encontre o texto completo da fonte
7
World Health Organization. Centre for Health Development, ed. Report: WHO Consultation on a Coordinated Response for the Fast-Track Development of Diagnostic Tools for New and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, 20-22 September 2004, Kobe, Japan. Kobe, Japan: WHO Kobe Centre, 2004.
Encontre o texto completo da fonte
8
WHO Consultation on a Coordinated Response for the Fast-Track Development of Diagnostic Tools for New and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (2004 Kōbe-shi, Japan). Report: WHO Consultation on a Coordinated Response for the Fast-Track Development of Diagnostic Tools for New and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, 20-22 September 2004, Kobe, Japan. Kobe, Japan: WHO Kobe Centre, 2004.
Encontre o texto completo da fonte
9
Kazakova, Nataliya. Internal audit of estimated reserves and liabilities as a method for diagnosing corporate risks. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1089678.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The monograph is devoted to the study of methods of diagnostics and control of corporate risks associated with the formation and use of estimated reserves and liabilities in commercial organizations. The research results are aimed at creating a corporate system for identifying and controlling corporate risks using estimated reserves and estimated liabilities. The methodological recommendations offered by the authors on verification of accrued expenses allow us to identify the risks of inefficient use of expenses, including fraudulent actions. The methodological tools are supplemented with empirical materials obtained during testing of the internal audit methodology in industrial organizations, audit companies, as well as when performing research work. It will be useful for researchers, researchers, teachers, applicants for scientific degrees, and can also be used in the system of additional professional education, advanced training, for self-development of management personnel of financial and economic services in business and government structures.
10
Diagnostics for Industrial Value Chain Development: An Integrated Tool. United Nations, 2012.
Encontre o texto completo da fonte
11
Organization, Food and Agriculture. Diagnostic Tool for Implementing an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Through Policy and Legal Frameworks: Developed by the Development Law Service of FAO's Legal Office in Collaboration with FAO's Marine and Inland Fisheries Branch and the EAF-Nansen Programme. Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2021.
Encontre o texto completo da fonte
12
Diamond, Jerome M. Development of Diagnostic Tools for Trace Organic Compounds and Multiple Stressors. IWA Publishing, 2010.
Encontre o texto completo da fonte
13
Fye, W. Bruce. The Reinvention of the American Heart Association and the Invention of Cardiac Catheterization. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199982356.003.0008.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
President Harry Truman signed the National Heart Act in 1948, which resulted in the creation of the National Heart Institute and started federal funds flowing to academic centers to support cardiovascular research. Mayo cardiologist Arlie Barnes’s term as president of the American Heart Association coincided with its transformation from a low-budget professional society into a large voluntary health organization that raised funds from the public to support its programs. World War II research into shock contributed to the development of cardiac catheterization as a clinical diagnostic tool. Mayo’s wartime research program that focused on ways to protect fighter pilots from blackouts due to high gravitational forces led to the invention of technologies to measure blood pressure and blood oxygen content. Physiologist Earl Wood used these tools in Mayo’s cardiac catheterization laboratory, which was established at the institution in 1947. The clinic helped pioneer the emerging field of cardiac catheterization.
14
Rosenthal, Susan L., e Margaret J. Blythe, eds. AM:STARs: Adolescent Sexuality, Vol. 18, No. 3. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781581104080.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Focusing on adolescent sexuality, this issue of Adolescent Medicine: State of the Art Reviews is a stand-alone reference and practice tool. This widely respected resource continues to deliver high-quality, evidence-based information needed for day-to-day diagnostic and management problem-solving. Topics in Adolescent Sexuality include "Puberty," "Understanding Sexual Behaviors of Adolescents Within a Biopsychosocial Framework," "Development of Intimate Relationships in Adolescence," "Parental Influences on Adolescent Sexual Behaviors," "Adolescents, Sex, and the Media," "Sexual Orientation," "Relationship Violence in Adolescence," and "Approaches to Adolescent Sexuality Education."
15
Kocher, Ajar. Infective Endocarditis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0018.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Infectious endocarditis (IE) is an infection of the heart’s innermost layer, the endothelium. Most cases require a predisposing injury to the endocardium to serve as a nidus for thrombus development, which in turn acts as nidus for bloodstream microorganisms. These intravascular microorganisms can result from dental and other invasive procedures, infected vascular catheters, and skin lesions. However, most episodes of IE result from transient bacteremia during menial tasks, such as chewing and brushing one’s teeth. Blood cultures and echocardiograms are critical for IE diagnosis. Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is the preferred diagnostic tool for prosthetic valve endocarditis and cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infections. IE complicated by heart failure and cerebral emboli has high rates of morbidity and mortality. Large vegetation, mobile lesions, mitral valve vegetation, and infection by S. aureus and fungi are more likely to result in embolic phenomena. Indications for surgery include severe heart failure, persistent infection, fungal infection, heart block, and abscess formation.
16
Silveira, Jose, e Patricia Rockman. Managing Uncertainty in Mental Health Care. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197509326.001.0001.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This book is about coming to grips with the uncertainty and complexity inherent to the assessment of people presenting with possible mental disorders. It is an exploration of the impact of objective uncertainty on clinical judgment and decision making and its relevance to mental health care. This is often not emphasized in clinical care and training. The book examines the relative utility of current nosology and clinical approaches in managing these challenges. The high prevalence of error in diagnosis and risk assessment related to existing clinical approaches is illustrated. An expanded view of common harms and impairments related to disrupted mental health is provided. These are used to populate a cognitive framework, to be used as a clinical tool during assessment. This transdiagnostic approach is intended to assist clinicians in identifying potential harm and impairment in their clients, independent of diagnostic clarity or errors. Finally, the book explores implications of irreducible uncertainty and complexity on approaches to clinician training and continuing professional development.
17
Fujimura, Taku, Yasuhiro Fujisawa, Atsushi Otsuka e Nikolas K. Haass, eds. Recent Developments in Therapies and Diagnostic Tools for Melanoma and Non-melanoma Skin Cancer. Frontiers Media SA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88966-327-9.
Texto completo da fonte
18
Eklöf, Bo, Kjell Lindström e Stig Persson, eds. Ultrasound in Clinical Diagnosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199602070.001.0001.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
On October 29th 1953 in Lund, Sweden, Inge Edler, cardiologist, and Hellmuth Hertz, physicist, performed the first successful Ultrasoundcardiogram (UCG), later renamed Echocardiogram. A few weeks later, on December 16th, the neurosurgeon Lars Leksell diagnosed an intracranial bleeding in a 16-month-old boy using the same equipment, and Echoencephalography was born. The Lundensian obstetrician Bertil Sunden was in 1962 able to take the first ultrasound picture of twins in pregnancy. These three world premieres at the Lund University were the foundation for the tremendous development of diagnostic ultrasound. Before it is too late, the history in Lund will be told, and with this history as background Ultrasound in Clinical Diagnosis brings together some of the leading ultrasound experts of today to bring us up to date with the use of ultrasound in its ever-increasing importance for diagnosis in many areas of medicine. Peter wells writes in his Foreword that "this fascinating book serves more than one purpose: it is an historical record of the pioneering developments in clinical ultrasonic diagnosis that took place in Lund... what we now recognise as one of the greatest medical innovations of the twentieth century... Besides its historical content, this book also includes scholarly reviews of the state-of-art in adult and paediatric cardiology, obstetrics and gynaecology, vascular disease in several countries and, primarily from technical perspective, radiology, as well as an overview of contrast studies". Other chapters describe the development in ophthalmology and oto-rhino-laryngology as well as the industrial development of ultrasound equipment. This book will be valuable and interesting to those who are interested in the development of ultrasound diagnosis in medicine.
19
Tejerina, Eva, e Andrés Esteban. Post-mortem examination in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0391.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Autopsy has long been regarded as a valuable and reliable tool to improve quality of medical care by monitoring diagnostic accuracy and treatment of the critically-ill patients. However, post-mortem examination rates have fallen worldwide during the past decades. Unexpected findings at autopsy contribute to the increasing pool of medical knowledge and may allow the development of strategies for the early detection of diagnoses, leading to better patient care. Several studies have shown that major discrepancies are frequent, and in 5–40% of all hospitalized patients, and in 7–32% of adult intensive care patients a treatable condition that might have altered outcome, had it been recognized, is identified at post-mortem examination. Despite technological improvements in medicine, the percentage of missed diagnoses had not changed over time. Autopsy provides a ‘gold standard’ to assess the accuracy of diagnostic tests and also offers relevant information for the advance of medical knowledge and the description of new disease entities. The health care system as a whole can benefit enormously from autopsy data, the autopsy providing information unavailable by any other method, and should be considered in every patient who dies in the intensive care unit.
20
Forsyth, Rob, e Richard Newton. Neurodiagnostic tools. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784449.003.0002.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This chapter explains the principles of how best to use the main diagnostic tools in paediatric neurology in the context of evidence-based medicine. The description of neuroradiology includes the principles of DWI, SWI, MRS, ASL and fMRI, and the usefulness of ultrasound, CT and PET scanning; neuroradiological anatomy, terminology, common incidental findings and normal myelination patterns. An approach to white matter and developmental brain abnormalities is depicted. Neurogenetic testing discusses the capabilities and limitations of microarray for Comparative Genomic Hybridization (copy-number variants), gene panel testing, and whole exome and whole genome next generation sequencing. The chapter offers the theory, practicality and pitfalls of electroencephalography, peripheral neurophysiology and evoked potential testing. Common practical procedures are described, including lumbar puncture, muscle biopsy and shunt tapping with an understanding of the place of special investigations on CSF, blood, urine, and skin. The scope of neuropsychological testing is described.
21
Black, Sarah R., e Mary Fristad. Bipolar and Related Disorders. Editado por Thomas H. Ollendick, Susan W. White e Bradley A. White. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.18.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Bipolar disorder (BD) in children has received considerable research and clinical attention in the last two decades and remains a challenging disorder to diagnose and treat. This chapter begins by describing the diagnoses included under the bipolar and related disorders section of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and providing guidance regarding developmental differences in symptom presentations and differential diagnosis. It then provides a brief overview of risk factors for bipolar disorder, including genetic, neurobiological, and psychological factors. Assessment tools designed to aide clinicians in diagnosing pediatric bipolar disorder are reviewed, as are empirically validated psychopharmacological and psychosocial treatments. A case example highlights the use of these tools and treatment approaches; finally, directions for future research are discussed.
22
Thuny, Franck, e Didier Raoult. Pathophysiology and causes of endocarditis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0160.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Endocarditis is defined as an inflammation of the endocardial surface of the heart. This may include heart valves, mural endocardium or the endocardium that covers implanted material, such as prosthetic valves, pacemaker/defibrillator leads and catheters. Infective and non-infective-related causes must be distinguished. In most cases, the inflammation is related to a bacterial or fungal infection with oral streptococci, group D streptococci, staphylococci and enterococci accounting for 85% of episodes. Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious disease with an incidence ranging from 30 to 100 episodes/million patient-years. From various portals of entry (e.g. oral, digestive, cutaneous) and a subsequent bacteraemia, pathogens can adhere and colonize intracardiac foreign material or onto previously damaged endocardium due to numerous complex processes based on a unique host–pathogen interaction. Rarely, endocarditis can be related to non-infective causes, such as immunological or neoplastic. Mortality is high, with more than one-third dying within a year of diagnosis from complications such as acute heart failure or emboli. This disease still remains a diagnostic challenge with many cases being identified and subsequently treated too late. Diagnosis of IE usually relies on the association between an infectious syndrome and recent endocardial involvement. Blood cultures and echocardiography are the main diagnostic procedures, but are negative in almost 30% of cases, requiring the use of more sophisticated techniques. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography are promising imaging modalities. Improved understanding of its pathophysiology and the development of relevant diagnostic strategies enables accelerated identification and treatment, and thus an improved prognosis.
23
Hogg, Jenny. Delirium. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199644957.003.0040.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Delirium (acute confusional state) is a common condition affecting between ten and thirty percent of a general hospital inpatient population. The diagnosis is suspected when there is an acute onset of confusion in the presence of a physical precipitant. Pre-existing dementia, advancing age, previous delirium and increasing illness severity favour the development of delirium. The diagnosis of delirium is solely clinical and can be quickly arrived at using assessment tools such as the cognitive Assessment Method (CAM). Historical perspectives, diagnosis, the use of assessment tools, differential diagnosis, communication with patients and relatives, prevention, prognosis, and treatment are discussed in this chapter, along with the pathophysiology of this common condition
24
Ritchie, James, Darren Green, Constantina Chrysochou e Philip A. Kalra. Renal artery stenosis. Editado por Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0214.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Modern practice typically utilizes indirect angiography by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging as the first-line diagnostic tool for renal artery stenosis, with no established screening tool able to meaningfully impact the pre-test probability of a positive finding. Neither can any current imaging technique reliably predict patient, blood pressure, or renal outcome following renal artery revascularization, although promising developments have been made in recent years.A major mechanism of hypertension in renovascular hypertension is overproduction of renin in response to hypoperfusion. While renin levels can be useful in investigating patients likely to have secondary hypertension, in the setting of renal impairment renin levels are not particularly useful in distinguishing treatable renal artery stenosis from other causes of renal disease.
25
Ingham, Jane M., Helen M. Moore, Jane L. Phillips e Russell K. Portenoy. The measurement of, and tools for, pain and other symptoms. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656097.003.0072.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Symptom assessment is an essential element of good clinical care as it is a key step in the diagnostic process and in the development and implementation of a management plan aimed towards reducing illness burden and suffering. Furthermore, symptom assessment is crucial for testing of therapeutic interventions in clinical research particularly in palliative care research. A number of important factors must be considered, including the subjective nature of symptoms and subtle differences in meaning of symptom descriptors. To aid symptom assessment, an array of instruments has been validated for various symptoms and various patient populations. Instrument selection must be guided by an understanding of the goals of assessment and the practicality, applicability, acceptability, and validity of the instrument in the particular setting and population. This chapter addresses the complexities of symptom assessment and provides an overview of some of the available symptom instruments for consideration for use in palliative care settings.
26
LeVine III, Harry. Medical Imaging. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400684333.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
A prize-winning medical writer offers an explanation of modern diagnostic medical imaging technologies—and the issues that result from their use and misuse. Medical Imaging describes the discovery and development of diagnostic imaging technologies, explaining how the technologies work and exploring some of the issues that such powerful and expensive technologies create. The book begins with the discovery of X-rays in 1895 and traces the history of imaging technology through today's tools, such as X-ray computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional imaging by positron emission tomography (PET), and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The contribution of these expensive technologies to the rising cost of healthcare in the United States and the unequal distribution of imaging diagnostic facilities, particularly in developing countries, is also considered. In addition, the book explores ethical questions that have surfaced in the past, including the reportability of incidental findings during a scan and admissibility of medical images as evidence in courts of law , and such newly emerging issues as the application of imaging tools in lie detection and the mammography guidelines controversy of 2009.
27
Continued development of expert system tools for NPSS engine diagnostics: Final report; grant period: March 13, 1995 - August 12, 1996; NASA grant number: NCC3-400. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.
Encontre o texto completo da fonte
28
Casey, Patricia, ed. Adjustment Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198786214.001.0001.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Adjustment disorder has been included in the psychiatric classifications for half a century, but despite its age, this is the first book devoted exclusively to the condition. The starting point is to delineate its origins and how it differs from normal distress. The philosophical and clinical dilemmas raised by this diagnosis are considered in the early chapters of this book. The development of new screening and diagnostic tools will assist in epidemiological studies. The radical proposal to have specific criteria for AD in ICD-11 is reviewed critically as this would lead to significant differences between DSM-5 and ICD-11. Psychobiology, treatment, and prognosis are discussed in the middle sections of this work, and specialists in a number of areas—including child and adolescent psychiatry, learning disability, occupational health, and forensic psychiatry—have made invaluable contributions. This book will fill the vacuum for doctors and other mental health professionals working with those who have AD. The generous use of case vignettes invigorates the theory behind the practice.
29
Joffe, Alain, e Margaret J. Blythe, eds. AM:STARs: Handbook of Adolescent Medicine, Vol. 20, No. 2. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781581104059.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Topics in Handbook of Adolescent Medicine, 2nd Edition, include adolescent health statistics, biologic and psychosocial growth and development, the adolescent office visit, endocrine/metabolic, gynecology, contraception, infectious diseases, cardiorespiratory, genitourinary, dermatology, musculoskeletal and sports medicine, mental health and psychotropic medications, nutrition, rheumatology, and miscellaneous clinical conditions. This issue of Adolescent Medicine: State of the Art Reviews is a stand-alone reference and practice tool with evidence-based reviews that detail advances in the diagnosis and management of a wide range of health problems affecting adolescents.
30
Waldemar, Gunhild, e Alistair Burns, eds. Alzheimer's Disease (Oxford Neurology Library). Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198779803.001.0001.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Providing clinicians with the latest developments in research, this new edition of Alzheimer's Disease is a succinct and practical introduction to the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of Alzheimer’s disease. Part of the Oxford Neuropsychiatry Library series, this pocketbook contains 14 fully updated chapters on key topics such as pathophysiology, epidemiology, pharmacological treatments, and psychological symptoms. It also features new chapters on atypical presentations, end-of-life issues, and case vignettes to ensure the reader is fully equipped with the latest understanding of the possible causes of the disease, methods of diagnosis, and management techniques. A powerful tool for the practising clinician, this edition is an indispensable guide to the latest thinking about management of the disease.
31
Giannangelo, Stephen J. The Psychopathology of Serial Murder. Praeger, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216002901.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
In this book, criminologist Stephen Giannangelo offers an original theory of the origins and development of the serial murderer. The author constructs a two-part model of the serial murderer's development. The first part outlines biological factors and concomitant psychological anomalies that can predispose individuals toward homicidal behavior. Then, in developing the second part of his model, Giannangelo describes how a traumatic environmental stressor may trigger a cyclical pattern of violent behavior in those persons predisposed to kill. Having constructed his archetype of the serial killer, the author concludes by suggesting how diagnostic tools could be constructed and employed by psychologists, criminologists, and law enforcement officials to recognize the serial killer and to arrest the cycle of violence.
32
Kroth, Michael. The Manager as Motivator. Praeger, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216977117.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
A manager has more opportunity to directly motivate employees than does any other organizational influence. And in today's complex and fluid work environments, where retention of top-performing employees is paramount, managers are under considerable pressure to motivate individuals to achieve both personal and organizational goals. Integrating insights from management and psychology,The Manager as Motivatorcovers such issues as the development of a free-agent workforce, with talent following supply and demand; the emergence of employees as the only true sustainable advantage; and the opportunities and challenges that managers face in their role as motivators, especially when they themselves are wrestling with limited resources and competing demands. Featuring diagnostic exercises, case examples, checklists, and other interactive elements, the book addresses common myths and misconceptions about motivation (such as the popular focus on charismatic leaders) and offers readers many practical tools for becoming more effective motivators—and measuring the positive results. A manager has more opportunity to directly motivate employees than does any other organizational influence. Conversely, research reveals that de-motivating managers are the primary reason employees voluntarily leave. Managers set the tone, translate organizational strategy into employee performance and developmental plans, provide the carrots and the sticks to achieve those plans, and in virtually every other way reinforce—for better or worse—the cultural attitudes of the organization. The Manager as Motivatorexplores the dynamics of motivation, especially in the context of today's complex and fluid work enivronments, where retention of top-performing employees is paramount. Integrating insights from management and psychology, the author covers such issues as the development of a free-agent workforce, with talent following supply and demand; the emergence of employees as the only true sustainable advantage; and the opportunities and challenges that managers face in their role as motivators, especially when they themselves are wrestling with limited resources and competing demands. Featuring diagnostic exercises, case examples, checklists, and other interactive elements, the book addresses common myths and misconceptions about motivation (such as the popular focus on charismatic leaders) and offers readers many practical tools for becoming more effective motivators—and measuring the positive results.
33
Kamal, Medhat M. Transient Well Testing. Society of Petroleum EngineersRichardson, Texas, USA, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/9781555631413.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Transient well testing provides indirect determination of reservoir and well parameters. It is one of the most important in a spectrum of diagnostic tools used by petroleum engineers to characterize hydrocarbon assets and predict their future performance. This new monograph is the go-to handbook for designing, running, and analyzing different types of transient tests in oil and gas reservoirs. Since the publication of SPE’s last monograph on well testing, considerable advances in testing tools, computing technology, and theoretical development have continued to enhance the information that can be obtained from transient testing and change the methods of interpretation. A gap in the petroleum engineer’s library for a comprehensive book covering the state of the art in well-test analysis has existed for some time now. Practicing petroleum engineers need a single up-to-date reference for transient testing of oil, gas, and water wells; Transient Well Testing has been written to fill that gap. Errata (http://go.spe.org/TWTerrata)
34
Brown, Robert T., e David L. Bennett, eds. AM:STARs: International Health Issues in Adolescents, Vol. 20, No. 3. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781581104578.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Focusing on international health issues in adolescent medicine, this issue of Adolescent Medicine: State of the Art Reviews is a stand-alone reference and practice tool with evidence-based reviews that detail advances in the diagnosis and management of a wide range of health problems affecting adolescents. Topics in International Health Issues in Adolescents include "Adolescent Health in an International Context: The Challenge of Sexual and Reproductive Health in Sub-Saharan Africa," "Poverty and Inequity in Adolescent Health," "Obesity and Nutrition in Adolescents," "Adolescent Substance Abuse: An International Perspective," "Burden of Non-sexually Transmitted Infections on Adolescent Health and Development in the Developing World," "Addressing Ethical Dilemmas in the Clinical Care of Adolescents: An International View," "Children, Adolescents, and War: The Systematic Engagement of Youth in Collective Violence," "Chronic Illness and Disability in Adolescents: An International Perspective," "Culture and Youth Development," "A Global Perspective of Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health: Context Matters," and "The Mongolia Experience: Transitioning Within Transition."
35
Marin, Marie-France, e Mohammed R. Milad. Functional Neuroimaging of PTSD. Editado por Israel Liberzon e Kerry J. Ressler. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190215422.003.0016.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The merger of neuroscience and psychiatry during the last two decades has enabled psychiatric neuroscience, as a newly refined discipline, to make great advances in understanding pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The advent of neuroimaging tools and the continued exponential growth and sophistication of the methods are key factors underlying advances in the field. In this chapter, informed by neuroimaging tools and basic neuroscience, the authors paint an optimistic canvas to illustrate the current state of knowledge pertaining to the etiology and pathophysiology of PTSD. The chapter describes the state of some recent developments and what is coming on the horizon in terms of novel approaches that may be applied toward the diagnosis and treatment of PTSD.
36
Stegeman, Dick F., e Michel J. A. M. Van Putten. Recording of neural signals, neural activation, and signal processing. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0005.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This chapter discusses recording of electrophysiological signals in the context of clinical neurophysiology. We first discuss the interpretation of signals and differences between signals in terms of their underlying (electro)physiology. As a most prominent aspect of applied electrophysiology, the biophysics of volume conduction in extracellular space is discussed. We also present some basics of advanced procedures to analyse neurophysiological data. Aspects of electrical stimulation are treated too, including recent developments in diagnostic and therapeutic constant current stimulation. We finally discuss the background of hazardous electric currents and the safety of bioelectric equipment. Aspects that are relevant in the digitization and post-processing of data are briefly reviewed.
37
Hangauer, Jason, Jonathan Worcester e Kathleen Hague Armstrong. Models and Methods of Assessing Adaptive Behavior. Editado por Donald H. Saklofske, Cecil R. Reynolds e Vicki Schwean. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199796304.013.0027.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This chapter will summarize contemporary models and methods used for the assessment of adaptive behavior functioning in children and adolescents. This chapter will also emphasize how to best use such assessment information for diagnostic and eligibility purposes and in developing interventions and support plans. We will review the use of traditional, norm-referenced adaptive behavior assessment tools as well as what will be referred to as “supplemental methods,” including the direct observation of adaptive skill functioning. The assessment of adaptive behavior with respect to developmental expectations, cultural expectations, systems of care, and legislation will also be discussed. Lastly, case studies will be presented to illustrate the usefulness of these methods in assessing individuals and planning effective interventions and services.
38
Hangauer, Jason, Jonathan Worcester e Kathleen Hague Armstrong. Models and Methods of Assessing Adaptive Behavior. Editado por Donald H. Saklofske, Cecil R. Reynolds e Vicki Schwean. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199796304.013.0027_update_001.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This chapter will summarize contemporary models and methods used for the assessment of adaptive behavior functioning in children and adolescents. This chapter will also emphasize how to best use such assessment information for diagnostic and eligibility purposes and in developing interventions and support plans. We will review the use of traditional, norm-referenced adaptive behavior assessment tools as well as what will be referred to as “supplemental methods,” including the direct observation of adaptive skill functioning. The assessment of adaptive behavior with respect to developmental expectations, cultural expectations, systems of care, and legislation will also be discussed. Lastly, case studies will be presented to illustrate the usefulness of these methods in assessing individuals and planning effective interventions and services.
39
Gottlieb, Marvin R. Motivation. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400687839.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This book shows managers how to identify opportunities for increasing productivity by enhancing commitment and provides tools for building a high-performing team. More than ever, senior and frontline managers are tasked with the development and maintenance of highly productive teams—a formidable challenge in all situations. Organizational directives for "lean," highly responsive, change-adaptive workforces have created an environment in which every aspect of productivity must be examined and improved in the quest to meet increasingly competitive global goals. About 30 percent of productivity is lost from knowledge workers who withhold undetected discretionary effort because managers fail to tap into motivation dynamics that impact the level of individual and team commitment. This book gives managers the tools they need to motivate their teams to deliver significantly better results. Readers of Motivation: The Manager's Key to Closing the Commitment Gap will gain a foundational understanding of motivation from theoretical, experimental, and anecdotal perspectives and identify key areas of potential untapped productivity. The book explores the changing workforce values, economic pressures, and the revised compact between employers and employees that create the commitment gap that results in untapped productivity. Managers will see how to go through a diagnostic and relationship-building process that creates powerful and productive dialogues, resolves conflict, and pinpoints behaviors and identifies tools to build a fully committed, high-performing team.
40
Torgerson,, Paul R., C. N. L. Macpherson e D. A. Vuitton. Cystic echinococcosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0060.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Cystic echinococcosis (CE)\cystic hydatid disease is one of the most widespread and important global helminth zoonoses. The parasite Echinococcus granulosus is maintained in a wide spectrum of intermediate hosts, including sheep, goats, camels, cattle, pigs and equines. A number of wild intermediate hosts occur, including cervids in the northern part of the North American continent and Eurasia, marsupials in Australia and wild herbivores in East and southern Africa. The application of a range of molecular techniques to the characterization of the parasite has confirmed the existence of mostly host-adapted strains and genotypes of the parasite and several new species have been proposed. The ubiquitous domestic dog serves as the most important definitive host for the transmission of the parasite throughout its wide geographical range.A wide range of diagnostic techniques, including necropsy, arecoline purgation, coproantigen ELISA and DNA based tests are available for detecting E. granulosus infection in the definitive host. In intermediate animal hosts, diagnosis at post mortem still remains the most reliable option. In humans, imaging techniques including ultrasound, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or computer aided tomography (CAT-scan provide not only a method of diagnosis but also reveal important clinical information on the location, condition, number and size of the hydatid cysts in man. Of these ultrasound is the most widely used diagnostic technique and is the only imaging technique for screening of populations in rural areas, where the disease is most common. A classification system has been developed which can be used to assess the likely development of a cyst and hence guide the clinician in treatment options for the patient. Treatment relies on surgery and/or percutaneous interventions, especially ‘Puncture, Aspiration, Injection, Re-aspiration’ (PAIR) and/or antiparasitic treatment with albendazole (and alternatively mebendazole).CE is largely a preventable disease. Successful elimination programmes have focused on frequent periodic treatments of dogs with anthelmintics and the control of slaughter of domestic livestock. In many regions elimination or even control remains a problem as the parasite is endemic over vast areas of low income countries where there may be limited resources for control. In some areas, such as former communist administered countries, the parasite is resurgent. New tools are becoming available to control the parasite, including a highly effective vaccine in sheep which prevents the infection in sheep and breaks the transmission cycle. In addition cost effective methods are being developed which may be appropriate in low income countries where financial resources are not available for intensive control programmes that have been successful in high income countries.
41
Lucius-Hoene, Gabriele, Christine Holmberg e Thorsten Meyer, eds. Illness Narratives in Practice: Potentials and Challenges of Using Narratives in Health-related Contexts. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198806660.001.0001.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Illness narratives, patients’ stories about their experiences of illness, have gained a reputation as a scientific domain in medicine in the last thirty years. Patients’ stories about living with an illness, diagnostic procedures and treatments, encounters with medical institutions and its impact on their private and social life have been considered as an important access to their meaning-making and coping endeavours. They also play an important role in doctor-patient communication and the development of a healing relationship. This book aims at sensitizing professionals who use illness narratives in the field of medicine for their problems, challenges, and chances. In what ways should scholars of narratives respond to such uses? We argue that the use of narratives in applied contexts raises many questions about what kind of tools they are and what epistemological foundations, communicational properties and pragmatic effects they comprise when they are shifted from research material to clinical or educational and instructive instruments in various domains. This raises ethical concern and reflections. The book brings together scholars from various disciplines across clinical and theoretical fields. They give impressive examples how illness narratives can be used in many practical domains, and reflect on the chances as well as on the methodological or epistemological assumptions and challenges which are inevitably connected with the use of narratives as clinical, educational, or informative tools.
42
Gilley, Ann. Making the Most of Digital Collections through Training and Outreach. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400681943.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
In The Manager as Change Leader, Ann Gilley examines the complexities of change from the manager's perspective, providing readers with the tools to help themselves, their employees, and their colleagues successfully engage in the change efforts that will propel their organizations into the future. In a challenge to traditional approaches—which presume that organizational change will occur once an initiative has been launched—Gilley focuses on the challenges that managers face when others resist change, before, during, and even after the process has been implemented. She explains that resistance to change is natural and inevitable, and offers practical approaches to overcoming organizational inertia, focusing on the specific skills in leadership, management, problem solving, communication, and personal relationships that contribute to successful change. Featuring a wide array of diagnostic and development tools, worksheets, and references, The Manager as Change Leader will become an indispensable resource for any manager faced with leading or navigating a change program, whether large scale or small. To say that businesses today must contend with constant change is an understatement. New technologies, new competitors, new markets, new products, new employees—if your company is not already anticipating their impact you've fallen behind the curve. And yet, as managers acknowledge, and even embrace, change as a reality of organizational life, the success rate of change efforts is perilously low. In The Manager as Change Leader, Ann Gilley examines the complexities of change from the manager's perspective, providing readers with the tools to help themselves, their employees, and their colleagues successfully engage in the change efforts that will propel their organizations into the future.
43
Marquardt, Michael, e Peter Loan. The Manager as Mentor. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400681981.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
One of the most valuable roles a manager can perform in today's rapidly changing environment is to mentor and inspire the people around them to learn. By nurturing talent, motivating individual development, and encouraging excellence, a manager's mentoring can enhance individual performance and the organization's prospects for success. Mentoring is not an easy skill to develop, and many managers, who may excel at leading or coaching, may be disasters as mentors when it comes to creating a bond and bringing out untapped qualities in others. The Manager as Mentor goes beyond traditional approaches to explore the newest techniques in mentoring and collaboration. Featuring personal development tools, worksheets, and references, The Manager as Mentor will enable managers to bring out the best in themselves, the people they guide, and their organizations. Mentoring is an age-old practice, tracing its roots in ancient Greek folklore to Odysseus' friend, Mentor, whom the Homeric hero entrusted as guide to his son's development. Today, with the ascendance of the knowledge age and the transformation of the workplace into an environment of continual learning, mentoring has emerged as one of the most important and valuable roles a manager can perform. By serving as a role model, providing feedback, nurturing talent, inspiring individual development, and facilitating excellence, a manager's mentoring strengthens relationships within the organization, and ultimately contributes to such critical factors as improved job performance, low turnover, and greater profitability. Mentoring is not an easy skill to attain, however, and many managers who may excel at leading teams or coordinating projects may be disasters as mentors. The Manager as Mentor explores emerging trends and approaches to help managers master the skills of effective mentoring—and enhance themselves, their proteges, and their organizations in the process. Drawing from extensive research, dozens of examples, and their own practical application in training managers around the world, the authors argue that exceptional mentoring skills can be developed. They guide the reader toward understanding the key roles that mentors play and the activities and techniques they can employ for maximum impact. Diagnostic exercises will help readers assess their strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for development, and create a step-by-step action plan for achieving goals—either individually or in groups. The authors also offer an extensive listing of resources for more in-depth information on various aspects of mentoring, such as problem solving, active listening, and employee advocacy. Ultimately, The Manager as Mentor offers the tools by which managers can promote learning, empowerment, and insight to create vibrant organizational cultures.
44
Del Giudice, Marco. Evolutionary Psychopathology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190246846.001.0001.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This book presents a unified approach to evolutionary psychopathology, and advances an integrative framework for the analysis and classification of mental disorders based on the concepts of life history theory. The framework does not aim to replace existing evolutionary models of specific disorders—which are reviewed and critically discussed in the book—but to connect them in a broader perspective and explain the large-scale patterns of risk and comorbidity that characterize psychopathology. The life history framework permits a seamless integration of mental disorders with normative individual differences in personality and cognition, and offers new conceptual tools for the analysis of developmental, genetic, and neurobiological data. The concepts synthesized in the book are used to derive a new taxonomy of mental disorders, the fast-slow-defense (FSD) model. The FSD model is the first classification system explicitly based on evolutionary concepts, a biologically grounded alternative to transdiagnostic models based on empirical correlations between symptoms. The book reviews a wide range of common mental disorders, discusses their classification in the FSD model, and identifies functional subtypes within existing diagnostic categories.
45
Gerovasili, Vasiliki, e Serafim N. Nanas. Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation: A New Therapeutic and Rehabilitation Strategy in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0044.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Many critically ill patients undergo a period of immobilization with detrimental effects on skeletal muscle, effects which seem most pronounced in the first days of critical illness. Diagnosis of intensive care unit muscle weakness (ICUAW) is often made after discontinuation of sedation when significant nerve and/or muscle damage may already have occurred. Recently, there has been interest in early mobilization during the acute phase of critical illness, with the goal of preventing ICUAW. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NEMS) is an alternative form of exercise that has been successfully used in patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure. NEMS is a rehabilitation tool that can be used in critically ill, sedated patients, does not require patient cooperation, and is therefore a promising intervention to prevent muscle dysfunction in the critically ill. When applied early during the course of critical illness, NEMS can preserve muscle morphology and function. Available evidence suggests that NEMS may have a preventive role in the development of ICUAW and could even contribute to a shorter duration of weaning from mechanical ventilation. Studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effect of NEMS and to explore NEMS settings and delivery characteristics most appropriate for different subgroups of critically ill patients.
46
Loscalzo, Matthew J. Introduction to Gender in Psycho-Oncology (DRAFT). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190462253.003.0001.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Sex and gender are emotionally charged concepts in society. Never before has there been more interest in the sciences of sex and gender. In the past, sex and gender were primarily the domain of the humanities, especially literature, painting, and music. Greater political and sociological expectations for the rights of women and the emergence of increased tolerance for alternative lifestyles have reverberated throughout societies globally—with mixed results. Women, in particular, have suffered from lack of appreciation for the inescapable, well-documented biopsychosocial sexual dimorphisms that are all too often overshadowed by politics, fear, and ignorance. Without a more evolved understanding of and engagement in the unique characteristics and potentials of women and men, from cell to society, cancer science would have remained a “hidden hostage” to societal ignorance. The emergence of strategic or tailored cancer medicine cannot exist without integrating sex into prevention, diagnosis, and the development of new treatments.
47
Applebaum, Allison J., ed. Cancer Caregivers. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190868567.001.0001.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Cancer caregivers are an essential extension of the healthcare team. Rapid advances in cancer care, including new drugs and immunotherapies and more sophisticated diagnostic tools, have improved our ability to extend lives and enhance survival. As patients are living longer and with today’s shorter hospital stays and shift towards increased outpatient care, however, the burden on caregivers and their needs have substantially increased. Cancer Caregivers reveals the depth of complexities of caregiving experiences that the field of Psycho-Oncology has been exploring and the vast expanses we have left to understand. This text describes the characteristics and experiences of cancer caregivers based on their life stage, relationship to the patient, and ethnic group membership, as well as patients’ disease and treatment type. It highlights the significant progress in research focused on the development and dissemination of psychosocial interventions for cancer caregivers, and includes in-depth case studies to illustrate their delivery and application. The text also explores the provision of support to caregivers in the community and the legal and ethical concerns faced by caregivers across the care trajectory. Cancer Caregivers offers both fundamental and practical information and is a resource for all healthcare professionals who work with patients and families facing cancer.
48
Woodberry, Kristen A., Emily Kline e Anthony J. Giuliano. Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders. Editado por Thomas H. Ollendick, Susan W. White e Bradley A. White. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.17.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) are among the most serious and complicated psychiatric disorders, particularly in children and adolescents. They have a major impact on all aspects of functioning, including family and social relationships, school, work, and self-care. While schizophrenia tends to develop in late adolescence and early adulthood, nonspecific abnormalities, prodromal symptoms, and a significant proportion of its incidence unfold before age 18. It behooves child and adolescent clinicians to be knowledgeable about and alert to the range of SSD clinical presentations. The chapter reviews the current state of the literature regarding the phenomenology, epidemiology, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of SSD within a developmental and systems framework. Although both evidence-based and promising practices are presented, these are all too often drawn from the adult literature, underscoring the pressing need for progress in developmentally sensitive assessment and treatment research with this population. Practice implications and future directions are briefly discussed.
49
Wilson, Mark. Physics Avoidance. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803478.001.0001.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
“Physics avoidance” refers to the fact that we frequently cannot reason about nature in the straightforward manner we anticipate, but must seek alternate policies to address the questions we want answered in a tractable way. Within both science and everyday life, we find ourselves tacitly relying upon thought processes that reach useful answers in opaque and roundabout manners. Conceptual innovators are often puzzled by the techniques they develop, when they stumble across reasoning patterns that are easy to implement but difficult to justify. But simple techniques frequently rest upon complex foundations—a young magician learns how to execute a card guessing trick without understanding how its progressive steps squeeze in on a correct answer. As we collectively improve our inferential skills in this evolving manner, we often wander into unfamiliar explanatory landscapes in which simple words encode physical information in complex and unanticipated ways. We have learned how to reach better conclusions, but we have become baffled by our successes. At its best, philosophical reflection illuminates the natural developmental processes that generate these confusions. But a number of widely shared methodological presumptions currently operate to opposite effect—they obscure the very tactics that advance our descriptive capacities. To correct these misapprehensions, sharper diagnostic tools are wanted. The nine new essays within this collection illustrate this need for finer discriminations through a range of informative cases of historical and contemporary significance.
50
Michel, Jean-Baptiste. Biology of vascular wall dilation and rupture. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198755777.003.0016.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Arterial pathologies, important causes of death and morbidity in humans, are closely related to modifications in the circulatory system during evolution. With increasing intraluminal pressure and arterial bifurcation density, the arterial wall becomes the target of interactions with blood components and outward convection of plasma solutes and particles, including plasma zymogens and leukocyte proteases. Abdominal aortic aneurysms of atherothrombotic origin are characterized by the presence of an intraluminal thrombus (ILT), a major source of proteases, including plasmin, MMP-9, and elastase. Saccular cerebral aneurysms are characterized by the interaction of haemodynamics and arterial bifurcation defects, of either genetic or congenital origin. They also develop an intrasaccular thrombus, implicated in rupture. Aneurysms of the ascending aorta (TAAs) are not linked to atherothrombotic disease, and do not develop an ILT. The most common denominator of TAAs, whatever their aetiology, is the presence of areas of mucoid degeneration, and increased convection and vSMC-dependent activation of plasma zymogens within the wall, causing extracellular matrix proteolysis. TAA development is also associated with an epigenetic phenomenon of SMAD2 overexpression and nuclear translocation, potentially linked to chronic changes in mechanotransduction. Aortic dissections share common aetiologies and pathology (areas of mucoid degeneration) with TAAs, but differ by the absence of any compensatory epigenetic response. There are main experimental animal models of aneurysms, all characterized by the cessation of aneurysmal progression after interruption of the exogenous stimuli used to induce it. These new pathophysiological approaches to aneurysms in humans pave the way for new diagnostic and therapeutic tools.