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Jin, Yiyao, and Ruijie Zeng. "Research on the current situation of regenerative pulp surgery." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 8 (August 17, 2022): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v8i.1109.
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Regenerative dental pulp therapy uses the principle of biological tissue engineering to replace the damaged dental pulp tissue with living tissue and repair the complex of dental pulp and dentin, so as to restore the normal function of dental pulp dentin structure. For root canal therapy, it is a new type of alternative therapy. In front of it, the treatment is divided into two types: cellular pulp regeneration therapy and acellular pulp regeneration therapy. Cellular regeneration is based on exogenous stem cell transplantation and acellular regeneration is based on endogenous stem cell homing. This paper reviews the latest progress in the treatment of regenerative dental pulp at home and abroad.
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Acurio- Cevallos, Sophia Isabella, Emily Estefanía López- Llerena, Rolando Manuel Benites, and Carla Pamela Rodríguez Fiallos. ""Dental regeneration therapy using dental stem cells”." Interamerican Journal of Health Sciences 4 (July 22, 2024): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.59471/ijhsc202486.
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INTRODUCTION: Regenerative dentistry has undergone significant advances in recent years, and stem cells of dental origin have emerged as a promising therapeutic tool in this field. AIM: To investigate the different types of stem cells of dental origin and to examine their potential application in regenerative therapy in dentistry. METHODOLOGY: A selection of articles published between 2018 and 2023 was performed using the recognized databases Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, Redalyc, Ovid and Medline. RESULTS: Five main sources of stem cells of dental origin were identified, which have demonstrated their ability to differentiate into specialized cells of dental tissue, such as odontoblasts, osteoblasts and myocytes, which have diverse applications such as in the treatment of periodontitis, bone repair, regeneration of dental pulp after necrosis and the development of new teeth. CONCLUSION: This study contributes to broaden our knowledge of this evolving field and highlights the importance of continuing to investigate and explore the therapeutic applications of dental stem cells.
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Ghosh, Sumanta, Wei Qiao, Zhengbao Yang, Santiago Orrego, and Prasanna Neelakantan. "Engineering Dental Tissues Using Biomaterials with Piezoelectric Effect: Current Progress and Future Perspectives." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 14, no. 1 (2022): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14010008.
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Dental caries and traumatic injuries to teeth may cause irreversible inflammation and eventual death of the dental pulp. Nevertheless, predictably, repair and regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex remain a formidable challenge. In recent years, smart multifunctional materials with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and pro-regenerative properties have emerged as promising approaches to meet this critical clinical need. As a unique class of smart materials, piezoelectric materials have an unprecedented advantage over other stimuli-responsive materials due to their inherent capability to generate electric charges, which have been shown to facilitate both antimicrobial action and tissue regeneration. Nonetheless, studies on piezoelectric biomaterials in the repair and regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex remain limited. In this review, we summarize the biomedical applications of piezoelectric biomaterials in dental applications and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to the biological effect of piezoelectricity. Moreover, we highlight how this state-of-the-art can be further exploited in the future for dental tissue engineering.
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Ghafoor, Robia. "Stem Cell Role in Regenerative Dental Medicine." Annals of Jinnah Sindh Medical University 8, no. 2 (2022): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.46663/ajsmu.v8i2.45-46.
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Regeneration therapies have widely permeated advanced research that aims to reproduce and repair a lost or damaged organ or tissue in order to restore the function and architecture as close to its original state as possible. Tissue engineering refers to the process of regeneration using techniques such as scaffold based cell cultures, stem cell therapy, and biomolecular signaling.
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Mitsiadis, T. A., A. Feki, G. Papaccio, and J. Catón. "Dental Pulp Stem Cells, Niches, and Notch Signaling in Tooth Injury." Advances in Dental Research 23, no. 3 (2011): 275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034511405386.
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Stem cells guarantee tissue repair and regeneration throughout life. The decision between cell self-renewal and differentiation is influenced by a specialized microenvironment called the ‘stem cell niche’. In the tooth, stem cell niches are formed at specific anatomic locations of the dental pulp. The microenvironment of these niches regulates how dental pulp stem cell populations participate in tissue maintenance, repair, and regeneration. Signaling molecules such as Notch proteins are important regulators of stem cell function, with various capacities to induce proliferation or differentiation. Dental injuries often lead to odontoblast apoptosis, which triggers activation of dental pulp stem cells followed by their proliferation, migration, and differentiation into odontoblast-like cells, which elaborate a reparative dentin. Better knowledge of the regulation of dental pulp stem cells within their niches in pathological conditions will aid in the development of novel treatments for dental tissue repair and regeneration.
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Ivanov, Alexey A., Alla V. Kuznetsova, Olga P. Popova, Tamara I. Danilova, and Oleg O. Yanushevich. "Modern Approaches to Acellular Therapy in Bone and Dental Regeneration." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 24 (2021): 13454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413454.
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An approach called cell-free therapy has rapidly developed in regenerative medicine over the past decade. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the internal potential of tissue repair inspires the development of new strategies aimed at controlling and enhancing these processes during regeneration. The use of stem cell mobilization, or homing for regeneration based on endogenous healing mechanisms, prompted a new concept in regenerative medicine: endogenous regenerative medicine. The application of cell-free therapeutic agents leading to the recruitment/homing of endogenous stem cells has advantages in overcoming the limitations and risks associated with cell therapy. In this review, we discuss the potential of cell-free products such as the decellularized extracellular matrix, growth factors, extracellular vesicles and miRNAs in endogenous bone and dental regeneration.
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Alnasser, Muhsen, Abdullah Hammad Alshammari, Amna Yusuf Siddiqui, et al. "Tissue Regeneration on Rise: Dental Hard Tissue Regeneration and Challenges—A Narrative Review." Scientifica 2024 (April 22, 2024): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/9990562.
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Background. As people live longer, there is an increasing need for hard tissue regeneration and whole-tooth regeneration. Despite the advancements in the field of medicine, the field of regenerative dentistry is still challenging due to the complexity of dental hard tissues. Cross-disciplinary collaboration among material scientists, cellular biologists, and odontologists aimed at developing strategies and uncovering solutions related to dental tissue regeneration. Methodology. A search of the literature was done for pertinent research. Consistent with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 Statement, the electronic databases looked at were PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar, with the keyword search “hard dental tissue regeneration.” Results. Database analysis yielded a total of 476 articles. 222 duplicate articles have been removed in total. Articles that have no connection to the directed regeneration of hard dental tissue were disregarded. The review concluded with the inclusion of four studies that were relevant to our research objective. Conclusion. Current molecular signaling network investigations and novel viewpoints on cellular heterogeneity have made advancements in understanding of the kinetics of dental hard tissue regeneration possible. Here, we outline the fundamentals of stem hard dental tissue maintenance, regeneration, and repair, as well as recent advancements in the field of hard tissue regeneration. These intriguing findings help establish a framework that will eventually enable basic research findings to be utilized towards oral health-improving medicines.
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Miran, Shayee, Thimios A. Mitsiadis, and Pierfrancesco Pagella. "Innovative Dental Stem Cell-Based Research Approaches: The Future of Dentistry." Stem Cells International 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7231038.
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Over the past decade, the dental field has benefited from recent findings in stem cell biology and tissue engineering that led to the elaboration of novel ideas and concepts for the regeneration of dental tissues or entire new teeth. In particular, stem cell-based regenerative approaches are extremely promising since they aim at the full restoration of lost or damaged tissues, ensuring thus their functionality. These therapeutic approaches are already applied with success in clinics for the regeneration of other organs and consist of manipulation of stem cells and their administration to patients. Stem cells have the potential to self-renew and to give rise to a variety of cell types that ensure tissue repair and regeneration throughout life. During the last decades, several adult stem cell populations have been isolated from dental and periodontal tissues, characterized, and tested for their potential applications in regenerative dentistry. Here we briefly present the various stem cell-based treatment approaches and strategies that could be translated in dental practice and revolutionize dentistry.
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Wu, David T., Jose G. Munguia-Lopez, Ye Won Cho, et al. "Polymeric Scaffolds for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Regenerative Medicine." Molecules 26, no. 22 (2021): 7043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26227043.
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Dental, oral, and craniofacial (DOC) regenerative medicine aims to repair or regenerate DOC tissues including teeth, dental pulp, periodontal tissues, salivary gland, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), hard (bone, cartilage), and soft (muscle, nerve, skin) tissues of the craniofacial complex. Polymeric materials have a broad range of applications in biomedical engineering and regenerative medicine functioning as tissue engineering scaffolds, carriers for cell-based therapies, and biomedical devices for delivery of drugs and biologics. The focus of this review is to discuss the properties and clinical indications of polymeric scaffold materials and extracellular matrix technologies for DOC regenerative medicine. More specifically, this review outlines the key properties, advantages and drawbacks of natural polymers including alginate, cellulose, chitosan, silk, collagen, gelatin, fibrin, laminin, decellularized extracellular matrix, and hyaluronic acid, as well as synthetic polymers including polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), and Zwitterionic polymers. This review highlights key clinical applications of polymeric scaffolding materials to repair and/or regenerate various DOC tissues. Particularly, polymeric materials used in clinical procedures are discussed including alveolar ridge preservation, vertical and horizontal ridge augmentation, maxillary sinus augmentation, TMJ reconstruction, periodontal regeneration, periodontal/peri-implant plastic surgery, regenerative endodontics. In addition, polymeric scaffolds application in whole tooth and salivary gland regeneration are discussed.
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Luo, Lihua, Yan He, Xiaoyan Wang, et al. "Potential Roles of Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Neural Regeneration and Repair." Stem Cells International 2018 (2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1731289.
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This review summarizes current advances in dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and their potential applications in the nervous diseases. Injured adult mammalian nervous system has a limited regenerative capacity due to an insufficient pool of precursor cells in both central and peripheral nervous systems. Nerve growth is also constrained by inhibitory factors (associated with central myelin) and barrier tissues (glial scarring). Stem cells, possessing the capacity of self-renewal and multicellular differentiation, promise new therapeutic strategies for overcoming these impediments to neural regeneration. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) derive from a cranial neural crest lineage, retain a remarkable potential for neuronal differentiation, and additionally express multiple factors that are suitable for neuronal and axonal regeneration. DPSCs can also express immunomodulatory factors that stimulate formation of blood vessels and enhance regeneration and repair of injured nerve. These unique properties together with their ready accessibility make DPSCs an attractive cell source for tissue engineering in injured and diseased nervous systems. In this review, we interrogate the neuronal differentiation potential as well as the neuroprotective, neurotrophic, angiogenic, and immunomodulatory properties of DPSCs and its application in the injured nervous system. Taken together, DPSCs are an ideal stem cell resource for therapeutic approaches to neural repair and regeneration in nerve diseases.
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Xu, Ruoshi, Chenchen Zhou, Yuning Zhang, Shiwen Zhang, Jing Xie, and Quan Yuan. "Challenges of Stem-cell-based Craniofacial Regeneration." Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy 16, no. 6 (2021): 670–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574888x16999210128193910.
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Oral diseases, such as dental caries, pulpitis, periodontitis, and craniofacial trauma, are common. Some individuals suffer from oral cancer or congenital craniofacial defects. The oral-systemic disease link reveals that a dental disorder is not a minor problem. Tissue loss is an inevitable consequence of most oral diseases, and repairing the tissue loss and restoring craniofacial function are highly expected by patients and are terminal targets of dental treatment. The current clinical approach for tissue loss due to dental caries, pulpitis, periodontitis, oral cancer, trauma, and developmental diseases depends on the filling of corresponding material, allograft, or autograft bone after lesion removal. Repair of the tissue volume is expectedly followed by promising functional restoration using regenerative dental tissue or tissue engineering, which has currently aroused the interest of clinicians and researchers. This review focuses on the ideas and recent findings on newly identified skeletal stem cells (SSCs) as candidates for craniofacial regeneration, signaling regulation of SSCs extended from embryonic development, and signal molecule delivery for the repair of the craniofacial defect, sincerely hoping that the hypothesis of craniofacial self-healing is true in the future.
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Sloan, Alastair J. "Whole-tooth tissue engineering: lessons from development." Faculty Dental Journal 2, no. 2 (2011): 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/204268511x12988968522236.
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In an era of regenerative medicine, dentistry can be at the forefront due to the restorative procedures dental practitioners currently use. Orthopaedic practice encourages tissue regeneration through guided tissue regeneration and long term programmes of research on dental tissue regeneration have allowed us to develop a mechanistic understanding of the biological processes underpinning the key events during caries-induced natural tissue regeneration. These may be translated into novel therapies, which will improve on the relatively empirical traditional dental restorative approaches. Tissue engineering solutions for dental disease offer exciting and realistic opportunities and recent reports of bio-engineering of tooth structures and dental tissue regeneration have opened the way for exploitation of these technologies. Engineering of a whole ‘bio-tooth’ and its clinical application may be achievable in the longer term while exploitation of the natural reparative ability of the dentine-pulp complex is leading to significant advances in providing more translational solutions to address the effects of dental disease. Stem cells from the dental pulp have been extensively studied as a source for tooth regeneration but the use of stem cells from bone marrow and embryonic stem cells has demonstrated the possibility of generating teeth from non-dental cells by carefully mimicking the mechanisms observed during embryonic development. There are many challenges ahead but by a careful understanding of both the cell and the molecular biology underpinning tooth development, dentine repair, and the role of stem cells in these processes, tissue-engineered teeth could be a choice for replacement of missing teeth.
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Sloan, Alastair J., and Christopher D. Lynch. "Dental Tissue Repair: Novel Models for Tissue Regeneration Strategies." Open Dentistry Journal 6, no. 1 (2012): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601206010214.
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Studies have shown that dentin matrices contain reservoirs of bioactive molecules capable of directing tissue repair. Elucidating the release mechanisms of such endogenous growth factors will enhance our understanding of dentinpulp regeneration and support the development of novel treatment modalities to enhance dentin repair following trauma and disease. Current clinical practice using new materials which are perceived to maintain pulpal viability require biological evidence to assess their therapeutic benefit and there is a need for better effective methods of assessing therapeutic approaches to improving dentin regeneration at the cellular and tissue level. Experimental modelling of dentin regeneration is hampered by the lack of suitable models.In vivoandin vitrostudies have yielded considerable information on the processes taking place, but are limited, due to the cost, ethics and lack of cell/matrix interactions. Novel organotypic models, whereby cells and tissues are culturedin situmay provide a more suitable model system to facilitate dental tissue engineering and regeneration.
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Mantesso, Andrea, and Paul Sharpe. "Dental stem cells for tooth regeneration and repair." Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 9, no. 9 (2009): 1143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14712590903103795.
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Angjelova, Angela, Elena Jovanova, Alessandro Polizzi, et al. "Insights and Advancements in Periodontal Tissue Engineering and Bone Regeneration." Medicina 60, no. 5 (2024): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina60050773.
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The regeneration of periodontal bone defects continues to be an essential therapeutic concern in dental biomaterials. Numerous biomaterials have been utilized in this sector so far. However, the immune response and vascularity in defect regions may be disregarded when evaluating the effectiveness of biomaterials for bone repair. Among several regenerative treatments, the most recent technique of in situ tissue engineering stands out for its ability to replicate endogenous restorative processes by combining scaffold with particular growth factors. Regenerative medicine solutions that combine biomaterials/scaffolds, cells, and bioactive substances have attracted significant interest, particularly for bone repair and regeneration. Dental stem cells (DSCs) share the same progenitor and immunomodulatory properties as other types of MSCs, and because they are easily isolable, they are regarded as desirable therapeutic agents in regenerative dentistry. Recent research has demonstrated that DSCs sown on newly designed synthetic bio-material scaffolds preserve their proliferative capacity while exhibiting increased differentiation and immuno-suppressive capabilities. As researchers discovered how short peptide sequences modify the adhesion and proliferative capacities of scaffolds by activating or inhibiting conventional osteogenic pathways, the scaffolds became more effective at priming MSCs. In this review, the many components of tissue engineering applied to bone engineering will be examined, and the impact of biomaterials on periodontal regeneration and bone cellular biology/molecular genetics will be addressed and updated.
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Ibarretxe, Gaskon, Olatz Crende, Maitane Aurrekoetxea, Victoria García-Murga, Javier Etxaniz, and Fernando Unda. "Neural Crest Stem Cells from Dental Tissues: A New Hope for Dental and Neural Regeneration." Stem Cells International 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/103503.
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Several stem cell sources persist in the adult human body, which opens the doors to both allogeneic and autologous cell therapies. Tooth tissues have proven to be a surprisingly rich and accessible source of neural crest-derived ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs), which may be employed to repair disease-affected oral tissues in advanced regenerative dentistry. Additionally, one area of medicine that demands intensive research on new sources of stem cells is nervous system regeneration, since this constitutes a therapeutic hope for patients affected by highly invalidating conditions such as spinal cord injury, stroke, or neurodegenerative diseases. However, endogenous adult sources of neural stem cells present major drawbacks, such as their scarcity and complicated obtention. In this context, EMSCs from dental tissues emerge as good alternative candidates, since they are preserved in adult human individuals, and retain both high proliferation ability and a neural-like phenotypein vitro. In this paper, we discuss some important aspects of tissue regeneration by cell therapy and point out some advantages that EMSCs provide for dental and neural regeneration. We will finally review some of the latest research featuring experimental approaches and benefits of dental stem cell therapy.
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Bi, Ruiye, Ping Lyu, Yiming Song, et al. "Function of Dental Follicle Progenitor/Stem Cells and Their Potential in Regenerative Medicine: From Mechanisms to Applications." Biomolecules 11, no. 7 (2021): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11070997.
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Dental follicle progenitor/stem cells (DFPCs) are a group of dental mesenchyme stem cells that lie in the dental follicle and play a critical role in tooth development and maintaining function. Originating from neural crest, DFPCs harbor a multipotential differentiation capacity. More importantly, they have superiorities, including the easy accessibility and abundant sources, active self-renewal ability and noncontroversial sources compared with other stem cells, making them an attractive candidate in the field of tissue engineering. Recent advances highlight the excellent properties of DFPCs in regeneration of orofacial tissues, including alveolar bone repair, periodontium regeneration and bio-root complex formation. Furthermore, they play a unique role in maintaining a favorable microenvironment for stem cells, immunomodulation and nervous related tissue regeneration. This review is intended to summarize the current knowledge of DFPCs, including their stem cell properties, physiological functions and clinical application potential. A deep understanding of DFPCs can thus inspire novel perspectives in regenerative medicine in the future.
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Malhotra, Neeraj. "Bioreactors Design, Types, Influencing Factors and Potential Application in Dentistry. A Literature Review." Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy 14, no. 4 (2019): 351–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574888x14666190111105504.
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Objectives:A variety of bioreactors and related approaches have been applied to dental tissues as their use has become more essential in the field of regenerative dentistry and dental tissue engineering. The review discusses the various types of bioreactors and their potential application in dentistry.Methods:Review of the literature was conducted using keywords (and MeSH) like Bioreactor, Regenerative Dentistry, Fourth Factor, Stem Cells, etc., from the journals published in English. All the searched abstracts, published in indexed journals were read and reviewed to further refine the list of included articles. Based on the relevance of abstracts pertaining to the manuscript, full-text articles were assessed.Results:Bioreactors provide a prerequisite platform to create, test, and validate the biomaterials and techniques proposed for dental tissue regeneration. Flow perfusion, rotational, spinner-flask, strain and customize-combined bioreactors have been applied for the regeneration of bone, periodontal ligament, gingiva, cementum, oral mucosa, temporomandibular joint and vascular tissues. Customized bioreactors can support cellular/biofilm growth as well as apply cyclic loading. Center of disease control & dip-flow biofilm-reactors and micro-bioreactor have been used to evaluate the biological properties of dental biomaterials, their performance assessment and interaction with biofilms. Few case reports have also applied the concept of in vivo bioreactor for the repair of musculoskeletal defects and used customdesigned bioreactor (Aastrom) to repair the defects of cleft-palate.Conclusions:Bioreactors provide a sterile simulated environment to support cellular differentiation for oro-dental regenerative applications. Also, bioreactors like, customized bioreactors for cyclic loading, biofilm reactors (CDC & drip-flow), and micro-bioreactor, can assess biological responses of dental biomaterials by simultaneously supporting cellular or biofilm growth and application of cyclic stresses.
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Goriuc, Ancuta, Liliana Foia, Karina Cojocaru, Diana Diaconu-Popa, Darius Sandu, and Ionut Luchian. "The Role and Involvement of Stem Cells in Periodontology." Biomedicines 11, no. 2 (2023): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020387.
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Periodontitis is a widespread inflammatory condition, characterized by a progressive deterioration of the supporting structures of the teeth. Due to the complexity of periodontal tissue and the surrounding inflammatory microenvironment, the repair of lesions at this level represents a continuous challenge. The regeneration of periodontal tissues is considered a promising strategy. Stem cells have remarkable properties, such as immunomodulatory potential, proliferation, migration, and multilineage differentiation. Thus, they can be used to repair tissue damage and reduce inflammation, potentially leading to periodontal regeneration. Among the stem cells used for periodontal regeneration, we studied dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs), non-dental stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs). Although these cells have well documented important physiological characteristics, their use in contemporary practice to repair the affected periodontium is still a challenge.
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Terranova, V. P., M. Jendresen, and F. Young. "Healing, Regeneration, and Repair: Prospectus for New Dental Treatment." Advances in Dental Research 3, no. 1 (1989): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374890030010601.
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Recent advances in our understanding of growth and development have led us to the realization that previously unattainable tissue regeneration and repair are now within the scope of patient care. Concurrent and complementary use of nonbiological substitutes, with complete biological integration and host acceptance, is becoming a leading recognized alternative to the loss of function of biological tissues. This manuscript will examine the implications of the new biotechnology in medical sciences for dental healing, regeneration, and repair. These concepts, when coupled with genetic engineering, could produce enormous changes in the quality of life.
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Kim, Byunggyu, Ji-Young Yoon, Seong-Jin Shin, et al. "Clinical potential of deciduous teeth-derived dental pulp-derived stem cell therapy for tissue regeneration." Journal of The Korean Dental Association 62, no. 3 (2024): 150–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22974/jkda.2024.62.3.001.
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Dental pulp stem cells are mesenchymal stem cells derived from the dental pulp tissue of permanent or deciduous teeth. Especially, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) have an enhanced capacity than adult pulp stem cells counterpartfor self-renewal (proliferation) and multilineage differentiation, being able to generate dentin/pulp-like complexes, neural cells, skin cells, chondrocytes, and osteogenic cells, among others. Their accessibility from routine dental procedures and lack of ethical concerns make SHED an attractive stem cell source for regenerative therapy. This paper reviews current preclinical and clinical research on the tissue regenerative potential of SHED-based therapies. In preclinical animal models and clinical trials, SHED transplantation have shown promise for bone regeneration and repair, neural regeneration, myocardial infarction treatment, inflam-matory bowel disease, renal injury, liver fibrosis, diabetes mellitus, erectile dysfunction, skin wounds, muscle injury, and other con-ditions. Early-phase human trials further indicate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of SHED based cell therapy for various disease introduced before. However, therapeutic effects from SHED injections vary greatly depending on cell source, delivery method, dose, and disease model or condition. Additional translational medicine studies for elucidating key therapeutic mechanisms of SHED and methodological advances in cell processing and delivery are needed to improve consistency. If the remaining challenges are addressed through rigorous research, SHED cell therapy may become versatile clinical (dental) materials for tissue repair andregeneration across a wide range of organs and disease states.
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Miller, Lateefah, Muhammad M. Rahman, and Ramazan Asmatulu. "3D printed nanocomposite parts for improved dental recovery of decayed teeth." Journal of Management and Engineering Integration 14, no. 2 (2021): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.62704/10057/24779.
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Bone regeneration and tooth recovery processes have been gaining much popularity and becoming a feasible process worldwide. This process is also called bone scaffolding and grafting where grafted bones are surgically placed to the section of the bone/tooth for repair. Recently, the 3D printing technology has been a great interest in research on bone and tissue repair with the use of 3D printed parts; however, research in dental repair has seen very little interest. In the U.S., adults have an average number of 3.28 decayed or missing permanent teeth and 13.65 decayed and missing permanent surfaces. Meanwhile, dental costs are a significant barrier to adults aged 20-64 maintaining good oral and dental health. Most healthcare plans will cover all basic dental exams, but typically only pay up to half of the cost of major procedures such as crowns and inlays. This research is focused on creating a means of producing permanent dental repairs using the 3D printing process. The 3D printed parts include biodegradable polymers, hydroxyapatite particles, and mechanical testing parts. It is expected that this process will drastically lower costs compared to the conventional tooth recovery processes by limiting the dental operations and dentist visits.
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Almeida, Paula Nascimento, and Karin Soares Cunha. "Dental stem cells and their application in Dentistry: a literature review." Revistas 73, no. 4 (2016): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.18363/rbo.v73n4.p.331.
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Objective: the aim of this study was to conduct a literature review of the types of stem cells of dental origin and their applications in Dentistry. Material and Methods: for this, we selected scientific articles published between 2000 and 2016 through the databases PUBMED and LILACS. Results: there are five main sources of stem cells of dental origin: stem cells from dental pulp of permanent teeth and deciduous teeth, apical papilla, periodontal ligament and dental follicle. These cells have been studied for the treatment of periodontitis, bone repair, regeneration of the pulp after necrosis as well as the development of new teeth. Conclusion: stem cells from dental origin are an interesting alternative for research and application in regenerative therapies in Dentistry.
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Zhang, Weibo, and Pamela C. Yelick. "Tooth Repair and Regeneration: Potential of Dental Stem Cells." Trends in Molecular Medicine 27, no. 5 (2021): 501–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2021.02.005.
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Bai, Xiaolei, Ruijue Cao, Danni Wu, Huicong Zhang, Fan Yang, and Linhong Wang. "Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Literature Review." Stem Cells International 2023 (October 11, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/7357179.
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Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a promising approach for repairing and regenerating damaged bone tissue, using stem cells and scaffold structures. Among various stem cell sources, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have emerged as a potential candidate due to their multipotential capabilities, ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation, low immunogenicity, and ease of isolation. This article reviews the biological characteristics of DPSCs, their potential for BTE, and the underlying transcription factors and signaling pathways involved in osteogenic differentiation; it also highlights the application of DPSCs in inducing scaffold tissues for bone regeneration and summarizes animal and clinical studies conducted in this field. This review demonstrates the potential of DPSC-based BTE for effective bone repair and regeneration, with implications for clinical translation.
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Darmadi, Eveline Yulia, Yessy Andriani Fauziah, and Anneke Paramita Adityatama. "Role of the Immune System and Stem Cells in Dental Conservation." RSF Conference Series: Business, Management and Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (2024): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/bmss.v4i1.888.
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Background: Dental conservation aims to maintain teeth's appearance and functionality through various procedures. Recent advancements in stem cell research and immune system roles in tooth tissue regeneration highlight their crucial roles in oral health. The immune system is essential for healing after dental treatments and helps maintain oral health. A robust immune response can expedite the healing of damaged oral tissues and prevent further infections, enhancing the outcomes of dental conservation therapies. Purpose: This literature review examines immune system modulation and stem cell therapy in dental conservation, highlighting their potential benefits and challenges in tissue regeneration and treatment outcomes. Methodology: This review analyzes literature on the immune system and stem cell roles in dental tissue regeneration, assessing the effectiveness of immunomodulatory substances and their synergy in healing processes and tissue integration. Result: The review highlights that immunomodulatory substances effectively reduce inflammation and support regeneration, improving dental conservation outcomes. Stem cells, particularly mesenchymal stem cells from dental pulp, show promising results in clinical applications such as pulp regeneration and alveolar bone repair. The combination of immune system modulation and stem cell therapy offers superior outcomes compared to traditional methods, enhancing the quality of tissue regeneration and accelerating healing. However, challenges such as preventing adverse immune responses and ensuring proper integration of transplanted cells with host tissue remain. Ongoing research and technological advancements are expected to enhance dental conservation techniques' effectiveness and efficiency.
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Estrela, Carlos, Ana Helena Gonçalves de Alencar, Gregory Thomas Kitten, Eneida Franco Vencio, and Elisandra Gava. "Mesenchymal stem cells in the dental tissues: perspectives for tissue regeneration." Brazilian Dental Journal 22, no. 2 (2011): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402011000200001.
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In recent years, stem cell research has grown exponentially owing to the recognition that stem cell-based therapies have the potential to improve the life of patients with conditions that range from Alzheimer’s disease to cardiac ischemia and regenerative medicine, like bone or tooth loss. Based on their ability to rescue and/or repair injured tissue and partially restore organ function, multiple types of stem/progenitor cells have been speculated. Growing evidence demonstrates that stem cells are primarily found in niches and that certain tissues contain more stem cells than others. Among these tissues, the dental tissues are considered a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells that are suitable for tissue engineering applications. It is known that these stem cells have the potential to differentiate into several cell types, including odontoblasts, neural progenitors, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. In dentistry, stem cell biology and tissue engineering are of great interest since may provide an innovative for generation of clinical material and/or tissue regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells were demonstrated in dental tissues, including dental pulp, periodontal ligament, dental papilla, and dental follicle. These stem cells can be isolated and grown under defined tissue culture conditions, and are potential cells for use in tissue engineering, including, dental tissue, nerves and bone regeneration. More recently, another source of stem cell has been successfully generated from human somatic cells into a pluripotent stage, the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), allowing creation of patient- and disease-specific stem cells. Collectively, the multipotency, high proliferation rates, and accessibility make the dental stem cell an attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells for tissue regeneration. This review describes new findings in the field of dental stem cell research and on their potential use in the tissue regeneration.
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Tawfik Tadros, Mary Sabry, Maha Abd-El Salam El-Baz, and Mohamed Adel Ezzat Khairy Khairy. "Dental stem cells in tooth repair: A systematic review." F1000Research 8 (November 22, 2019): 1955. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.21058.1.
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Background: Dental stem cells (DSCs) are self-renewable teeth cells, which help maintain or develop oral tissues. These cells can differentiate into odontoblasts, adipocytes, cementoblast-like cells, osteoblasts, or chondroblasts and form dentin/pulp. This systematic review aimed to summarize the current evidence regarding the role of these cells in dental pulp regeneration. Methods: We searched the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science using relevant keywords. Case reports and non-English studies were excluded. We included all studies using dental stem cells in tooth repair whether in vivo or in vitro studies. Results: Dental pulp stem cell (DPSCs) is the most common type of cell. Most stem cells are incorporated and implanted into the root canals in different scaffold forms. Some experiments combine growth factors such as TDM, BMP, and G-CSF with stem cells to improve the results. The transplant of DPSCs and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) was found to be associated with pulp-like recovery, efficient revascularization, enhanced chondrogenesis, and direct vascular supply of regenerated tissue. Conclusion: The current evidence suggests that DPSCs, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, and SCAPs are capable of providing sufficient pulp regeneration and vascularization. For the development of the dental repair field, it is important to screen for more effective stem cells, dentine releasing therapies, good biomimicry scaffolds, and good histological markers.
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Singh, Manisha, Suchi Gupta, Sonali Rawat, et al. "Mechanisms of Action of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Repair Regeneration and their Implications." Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India) 53, no. 02 (2017): 104–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712752.
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ABSTRACTCell replacement therapy holds a promising future in the treatment of degenerative diseases related to neuronal, cardiac and bone tissues. In such kind of diseases, there is a progressive loss of specific types of cells. Currently the most upcoming and trusted cell candidate is Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) as these cells are easy to isolate from the tissue, easy to maintain and expand and no ethical concerns are linked. MSCs can be obtained from a number of sources like bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, umbilical cord, dental pulp, adipose tissues, etc. MSCs help in tissue repair and regeneration by various mechanisms of action like cell differentiation, immunomodulation, paracrine effect, etc. The future of regenerative medicine lies in tissue engineering and exploiting various properties to yield maximum output. In the current review article, we have targeted the repair and regeneration mechanisms of MSCs in neurodegenerative diseases, cardiac diseases and those related to bones. Yet there is a lot to understand, discover and then understand again about the molecular mechanisms of MSCs and then applying this knowledge in developing the therapy to get maximum repair and regeneration of concerned tissue and in turn the recovery of the patient.
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Shanmugam, Kirubanandan. "Bio-Ceramics — An Introduction to Bone Repair Materials." Scientific and Social Research 6, no. 8 (2024): 9–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/ssr.v6i8.6396.
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The realm of biomaterials, particularly ceramics, continues to revolutionize the fields of medicine and dentistry through their diverse applications and groundbreaking capabilities. From dental restorations to orthopedic implants and beyond, the biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and durability of ceramics have made them indispensable in the pursuit of enhancing patient care and outcomes. As research progresses, the potential of ceramics in supporting tissue regeneration, promoting bone healing, and creating more effective medical devices and implants is boundless. The ongoing development of bioactive, bio-reactive, and re-absorbable ceramics, along with advancements in nanotechnology and composite materials, promises to further expand the horizons of medical engineering. The journey of ceramics from traditional applications to their pivotal role in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering underscores the transformative power of biomaterials in shaping the future of healthcare. As researchers continue to explore and innovate, the promise of ceramics as a cornerstone of medical and dental advancements remains as robust as the materials themselves, paving the way for a future where the integration of biology and engineering fosters unprecedented healing and restoration possibilities.
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Shah, Dishant, Tyler Lynd, Donald Ho, et al. "Pulp–Dentin Tissue Healing Response: A Discussion of Current Biomedical Approaches." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 2 (2020): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020434.
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Dental pulp tissue exposed to mechanical trauma or cariogenic process results in root canal and/or periapical infections, and conventionally treated with root canal procedures. The more recent regenerative endodontic procedure intends to achieve effective root canal disinfection and adequate pulp–dentin tissue regeneration; however, numerous limitations are reported. Because tooth is composed of vital soft pulp enclosed by the mineralized hard tissue in a highly organized structure, complete pulp–dentin tissue regeneration has been challenging to achieve. In consideration of the limitations and unique dental anatomy, it is important to understand the healing and repair processes through inflammatory-proliferative-remodeling phase transformations of pulp–dentin tissue. Upon cause by infectious and mechanical stimuli, the innate defense mechanism is initiated by resident pulp cells including immune cells through chemical signaling. After the expansion of infection and damage to resident pulp–dentin cells, consequent chemical signaling induces pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to migrate to the injury site to perform the tissue regeneration process. Additionally, innovative biomaterials are necessary to facilitate the immune response and pulp–dentin tissue regeneration roles of MSCs. This review highlights current approaches of pulp–dentin tissue healing process and suggests potential biomedical perspective of the pulp–dentin tissue regeneration.
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Amir, Mariam, Lakshmi Jeevithan, Maham Barkat та ін. "Advances in Regenerative Dentistry: A Systematic Review of Harnessing Wnt/β-Catenin in Dentin-Pulp Regeneration". Cells 13, № 13 (2024): 1153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells13131153.
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Dentin pulp has a complex function as a major unit in maintaining the vitality of teeth. In this sense, the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway has a vital part in tooth development, maintenance, repair, and regeneration by controlling physiological activities such as growth, differentiation, and migration. This pathway consists of a network of proteins, such as Wnt signaling molecules, which interact with receptors of targeted cells and play a role in development and adult tissue homeostasis. The Wnt signals are specific spatiotemporally, suggesting its intricate mechanism in development, regulation, repair, and regeneration by the formation of tertiary dentin. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway in dentin and pulp regeneration, how different proteins, molecules, and ligands influence this pathway, either upregulating or silencing it, and how it may be used in the future for clinical dentistry, in vital pulp therapy as an effective treatment for dental caries, as an alternative approach for root canal therapy, and to provide a path for therapeutic and regenerative dentistry.
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Fujii, Yasuyuki, Ayano Hatori, Daichi Chikazu, and Toru Ogasawara. "Application of Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Bone and Neural Tissue Regeneration in Oral and Maxillofacial Region." Stem Cells International 2023 (March 29, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2026572.
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In the oral and maxillofacial region, the treatment of severe bone defects, caused by fractures, cancers, congenital abnormalities, etc., remains a great challenge. In addition, neurological disorders are frequently accompanied by these bone defects or the treatments for them. Therefore, novel bone regenerative techniques and methods to repair nerve injury are eagerly sought. Among them, strategies using dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are promising options. Human DPSCs can be collected easily from extracted teeth and are now considered a type of mesenchymal stem cell with higher clonogenic and proliferative potential. DPSCs have been getting attention as a cell source for bone and nerve regeneration. In this article, we reviewed the latest studies on osteogenic or neural differentiation of DPSCs as well as bone or neural regeneration methods using DPSCs and discussed the potential of DPSCs for bone and nerve tissue regeneration.
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Matichescu, Anamaria, Lavinia Cosmina Ardelean, Laura-Cristina Rusu, et al. "Advanced Biomaterials and Techniques for Oral Tissue Engineering and Regeneration—A Review." Materials 13, no. 22 (2020): 5303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13225303.
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The reconstruction or repair of oral and maxillofacial functionalities and aesthetics is a priority for patients affected by tooth loss, congenital defects, trauma deformities, or various dental diseases. Therefore, in dental medicine, tissue reconstruction represents a major interest in oral and maxillofacial surgery, periodontics, orthodontics, endodontics, and even daily clinical practice. The current clinical approaches involve a vast array of techniques ranging from the traditional use of tissue grafts to the most innovative regenerative procedures, such as tissue engineering. In recent decades, a wide range of both artificial and natural biomaterials and scaffolds, genes, stem cells isolated from the mouth area (dental follicle, deciduous teeth, periodontal ligament, dental pulp, salivary glands, and adipose tissue), and various growth factors have been tested in tissue engineering approaches in dentistry, with many being proven successful. However, to fully eliminate the problems of traditional bone and tissue reconstruction in dentistry, continuous research is needed. Based on a recent literature review, this paper creates a picture of current innovative strategies applying dental stem cells for tissue regeneration in different dental fields and maxillofacial surgery, and offers detailed information regarding the available scientific data and practical applications.
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Jimi, Eijiro, Shizu Hirata, Kenji Osawa, Masamichi Terashita, Chiaki Kitamura, and Hidefumi Fukushima. "The Current and Future Therapies of Bone Regeneration to Repair Bone Defects." International Journal of Dentistry 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/148261.
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Bone defects often result from tumor resection, congenital malformation, trauma, fractures, surgery, or periodontitis in dentistry. Although dental implants serve as an effective treatment to recover mouth function from tooth defects, many patients do not have the adequate bone volume to build an implant. The gold standard for the reconstruction of large bone defects is the use of autogenous bone grafts. While autogenous bone graft is the most effective clinical method, surgical stress to the part of the bone being extracted and the quantity of extractable bone limit this method. Recently mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies have the potential to provide an effective treatment of osseous defects. In this paper, we discuss both the current therapy for bone regeneration and the perspectives in the field of stem cell-based regenerative medicine, addressing the sources of stem cells and growth factors used to induce bone regeneration effectively and reproducibly.
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Tatullo, Marco, Benedetta Marrelli, Francesca Palmieri, et al. "Promising Scaffold-Free Approaches in Translational Dentistry." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9 (2020): 3001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093001.
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Regenerative medicine has recently improved the principal therapies in several medical fields. In the past ten years, the continuous search for novel approaches to treat the most common dental pathologies has developed a new branch called regenerative dentistry. The main research fields of translational dentistry involve biomimetic materials, orally derived stem cells, and tissue engineering to populate scaffolds with autologous stem cells and bioactive growth factors. The scientific literature has reported two main research trends in regenerative dentistry: scaffold-based and scaffold-free approaches. This article aims to critically review the main biological properties of scaffold-free regenerative procedures in dentistry. The most impactful pros and cons of the exosomes, the leading role of hypoxia-based mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the strategic use of heat shock proteins in regenerative dentistry will be highlighted and discussed in terms of the use of such tools in dental regeneration and repair.
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Savignat, M., L. De-Doncker, C. Vodouhe, J. M. Garza, P. Lavalle, and P. Libersa. "Rat Nerve Regeneration with the Use of a Polymeric Membrane Loaded with NGF." Journal of Dental Research 86, no. 11 (2007): 1051–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910708601106.
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Exogenous neurotrophic factors, delivered by various systems, are used to improve nerve regeneration. This study tested the effectiveness of a polymeric membrane loaded with Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) on mental nerve regeneration after a crush injury in rats. We tested NGF application, known to play a role in afferent fiber repair in dental neurobiology, to see if it could improve the regeneration. Afferent neurogram recordings and histological analyses of the trigeminal ganglion neurons were performed. One month after the crush injury, early regeneration was observed independently of exogenous NGF. However, as compared with the activity level recorded before the injury, the afferent activity was reduced by 28.5% without NGF, and the mean number of labeled neurons decreased. With NGF, activity was increased by 30.8%, with no significant histological difference compared with animals without lesions. NGF application through a polymeric membrane can influence degenerative and/or regenerative processes after a crush injury.
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Chalisserry, Elna Paul, Seung Yun Nam, Sang Hyug Park, and Sukumaran Anil. "Therapeutic potential of dental stem cells." Journal of Tissue Engineering 8 (January 1, 2017): 204173141770253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041731417702531.
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Stem cell biology has become an important field in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering therapy since the discovery and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem cell populations have also been isolated from human dental tissues, including dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, stem cells from apical papilla, dental follicle progenitor cells, and periodontal ligament stem cells. Dental stem cells are relatively easily obtainable and exhibit high plasticity and multipotential capabilities. The dental stem cells represent a gold standard for neural-crest-derived bone reconstruction in humans and can be used for the repair of body defects in low-risk autologous therapeutic strategies. The bioengineering technologies developed for tooth regeneration will make substantial contributions to understand the developmental process and will encourage future organ replacement by regenerative therapies in a wide variety of organs such as the liver, kidney, and heart. The concept of developing tooth banking and preservation of dental stem cells is promising. Further research in the area has the potential to herald a new dawn in effective treatment of notoriously difficult diseases which could prove highly beneficial to mankind in the long run.
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Liu, Haotian, Ke Xu, Yifan He, and Fang Huang. "Mitochondria in Multi-Directional Differentiation of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells." Biomolecules 14, no. 1 (2023): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom14010012.
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The pursuit of tissue regeneration has fueled decades of research in regenerative medicine. Among the numerous types of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) have recently emerged as a particularly promising candidate for tissue repair and regeneration. In recent years, evidence has highlighted the pivotal role of mitochondria in directing and orchestrating the differentiation processes of DMSCs. Beyond mitochondrial energy metabolism, the multifaceted functions of mitochondria are governed by the mitochondrial quality control (MQC) system, encompassing biogenesis, autophagy, and dynamics. Notably, mitochondrial energy metabolism not only governs the decision to differentiate but also exerts a substantial influence on the determination of differentiation directions. Furthermore, the MQC system exerts a nuanced impact on the differentiation of DMSCs by finely regulating the quality and mass of mitochondria. The review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the regulatory mechanisms governing the multi-directional differentiation of DMSCs, mediated by both mitochondrial energy metabolism and the MQC system. We also focus on a new idea based on the analysis of data from many research groups never considered before, namely, DMSC-based regenerative medicine applications.
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Ohlsson, Ella, Kerstin M. Galler, and Matthias Widbiller. "A Compilation of Study Models for Dental Pulp Regeneration." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 22 (2022): 14361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214361.
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Efforts to heal damaged pulp tissue through tissue engineering have produced positive results in pilot trials. However, the differentiation between real regeneration and mere repair is not possible through clinical measures. Therefore, preclinical study models are still of great importance, both to gain insights into treatment outcomes on tissue and cell levels and to develop further concepts for dental pulp regeneration. This review aims at compiling information about different in vitro and in vivo ectopic, semiorthotopic, and orthotopic models. In this context, the differences between monolayer and three-dimensional cell cultures are discussed, a semiorthotopic transplantation model is introduced as an in vivo model for dental pulp regeneration, and finally, different animal models used for in vivo orthotopic investigations are presented.
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Cahaya, Cindy, and Sri Lelyati C. Masulili. "Perkembangan Terkini Membran Guided Tissue Regeneration/Guided Bone Regeneration sebagai Terapi Regenerasi Jaringan Periodontal." Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia 1, no. 1 (2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.8810.
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Periodontitis adalah salah satu penyakit patologis yang mempengaruhi integritas sistem periodontal yang menyebabkan kerusakan jaringan periodontal yang berlanjut pada kehilangan gigi. Beberapa tahun belakangan ini banyak ketertarikan untuk melakukan usaha regenerasi jaringan periodontal, tidak saja untuk menghentikan proses perjalanan penyakit namun juga mengembalikan jaringan periodontal yang telah hilang. Sasaran dari terapi regeneratif periodontal adalah menggantikan tulang, sementum dan ligamentum periodontal pada permukaan gigi yang terkena penyakit. Prosedur regenerasi antara lain berupa soft tissue graft, bone graft, biomodifikasi akar gigi, guided tissue regeneration sertakombinasi prosedur-prosedur di atas, termasuk prosedur bedah restoratif yang berhubungan dengan rehabilitasi oral dengan penempatan dental implan. Pada tingkat selular, regenerasi periodontal adalah proses kompleks yang membutuhkan proliferasi yang terorganisasi, differensiasi dan pengembangan berbagai tipe sel untuk membentuk perlekatan periodontal. Rasionalisasi penggunaan guided tissue regeneration sebagai membran pembatas adalah menahan epitel dan gingiva jaringan pendukung, sebagai barrier membrane mempertahankan ruang dan gigi serta menstabilkan bekuan darah. Pada makalah ini akan dibahas sekilas mengenai 1. Proses penyembuhan terapi periodontal meliputi regenerasi, repair ataupun pembentukan perlekatan baru. 2. Periodontal spesific tissue engineering. 3. Berbagai jenis membran/guided tissue regeneration yang beredar di pasaran dengan keuntungan dan kerugian sekaligus karakteristik masing-masing membran. 4. Perkembangan membran terbaru sebagai terapi regenerasi penyakit periodontal. Tujuan penulisan untuk memberi gambaran masa depan mengenai terapi regenerasi yang menjanjikan sebagai perkembangan terapi penyakit periodontal. Latest Development of Guided Tissue Regeneration and Guided Bone Regeneration Membrane as Regenerative Therapy on Periodontal Tissue. Periodontitis is a patological state which influences the integrity of periodontal system that could lead to the destruction of the periodontal tissue and end up with tooth loss. Currently, there are so many researches and efforts to regenerate periodontal tissue, not only to stop the process of the disease but also to reconstruct the periodontal tissue. Periodontal regenerative therapy aims at directing the growth of new bone, cementum and periodontal ligament on the affected teeth. Regenerative procedures consist of soft tissue graft, bone graft, roots biomodification, guided tissue regeneration and combination of the procedures, including restorative surgical procedure that is connected with oral rehabilitation with implant placement. At cellular phase, periodontal regeneration is a complex process with well-organized proliferation, distinction, and development of various type of cell to form attachment of periodontal tissue. Rationalization of the use of guided tissue regeneration as barrier membrane is to prohibit the penetration of epithelial and connective tissue migration into the defect, to maintain space, and to stabilize the clot. This research discusses: 1. Healing process on periodontal therapy including regeneration, repair or formation of new attachment. 2. Periodontal specific tissue engineering. 3. Various commercially available membrane/guided tissue regeneration in the market with its advantages and disadvantages and their characteristics. 4. Recent advancement of membrane as regenerative therapy on periodontal disease. In addition, this review is presented to give an outlook for promising regenerative therapy as a part of developing knowledge and skills to treat periodontal disease.
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Wei, Yali, Ping Lyu, Ruiye Bi, et al. "Neural Regeneration in Regenerative Endodontic Treatment: An Overview and Current Trends." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24 (2022): 15492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415492.
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Pulpal and periapical diseases are the most common dental diseases. The traditional treatment is root canal therapy, which achieves satisfactory therapeutic outcomes—especially for mature permanent teeth. Apexification, pulpotomy, and pulp revascularization are common techniques used for immature permanent teeth to accelerate the development of the root. However, there are obstacles to achieving functional pulp regeneration. Recently, two methods have been proposed based on tissue engineering: stem cell transplantation, and cell homing. One of the goals of functional pulp regeneration is to achieve innervation. Nerves play a vital role in dentin formation, nutrition, sensation, and defense in the pulp. Successful neural regeneration faces tough challenges in both animal studies and clinical trials. Investigation of the regeneration and repair of the nerves in the pulp has become a serious undertaking. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the key stem cells, signaling molecules, and biomaterials that could promote neural regeneration as part of pulp regeneration. We also discuss the challenges in preclinical or clinical neural regeneration applications to guide deep research in the future.
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Morsczeck, Christian, and Torsten E. Reichert. "Dental stem cells in tooth regeneration and repair in the future." Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 18, no. 2 (2017): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14712598.2018.1402004.
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Vishwanathaiah, Satish. "Regenerative Therapy in Dentistry: A Review." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH 10, no. 2 (2023): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.10.02.art008.
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Despite millions of people suffering from dental caries and periodontitis to date, we don’t have effective treatments that guarantee complete restoration of the impacted tissues. The current procedures mostly help in delaying the disease progress, and hence, bringing alternative approaches for whole tooth replacement has become indispensable. Considering the scenario, regenerative medicine seems to be the novel approach, given its innovative therapeutic techniques that aid in the repair and replacement of damaged, aged, diseased, or congenitally defective tissues and organs. While we are yet to overcome various challenges, including effective ways to control the size, color, and shape of the tooth and come up with the perfect implantation sites for the jaw to enable in vitro tooth development, the ongoing research and their favorable results reveal that whole-tooth regeneration and bioengineered functional tooth are not a distant dream. Keywords: Regeneration, Regenerative therapy, Scaffolds, Tissue engineering.
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Balic, Anamaria. "Biology Explaining Tooth Repair and Regeneration: A Mini-Review." Gerontology 64, no. 4 (2018): 382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000486592.
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The tooth is an intricate composition of precisely patterned, mineralized matrices and soft tissues. Mineralized tissues include enamel (produced by the epithelial cells called ameloblasts), dentin and cementum (produced by mesenchymal cells called odontoblasts and cementoblasts, respectively), and soft tissues, which include the dental pulp and the periodontal ligament along with the invading nerves and blood vessels. It was perceived for a very long time that teeth primarily serve an esthetical function. In recent years, however, the role of healthy teeth, as well as the impact of oral health on general well-being, became more evident. Tooth loss, caused by tooth decay, congenital malformations (tooth agenesis), trauma, periodontal diseases, or age-related changes, is usually replaced by artificial materials which lack many of the important biological characteristics of the natural tooth. Human teeth have very low to almost absent regeneration potential, due to early loss of cell populations with regenerative capacity, namely stem cells. Significant effort has been made in recent decades to identify and characterize tooth stem cells, and to unravel the developmental programs which these cells follow in order to generate a tooth.
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Lin, Qingjie, Yong Zhang, and Yanguo Liu. "Data Mining-Based Clinical Study on the Effect of Oral Restoration Film in Guiding Oral Bone Regeneration and Dental Implantation." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (December 14, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3804271.
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Oral repair membrane guided oral bone regeneration, particularly in dental implants, is a guided regeneration technology for bone tissue. The principle is based on the characteristics of rapid migration of epithelial cells and fibroblasts and slower migration of osteoblasts. Materials are placed in the bone defect, creating a relatively closed environment which is conducive to the growth of bone tissue. In this paper, we have evaluated clinical effects of Hai’ao oral repair membrane as a barrier membrane to guide bone regeneration in implants. For this purpose, certain treatment data are collected through data mining and patient’s names with bone defects in the implantation area are selected. According to the randomness principles, these patients are divided into experimental and control groups and preoperative examinations along with basic periodontal treatments are performed on the selected cases. Furthermore, we have analyzed different effects by comparing treatment conditions. Experimental results, as a technical shielding film, verify that Hai’ao oral repair membrane meets requirements of safety and no immune rejection. It plays a role in promoting bone formation around the implant. Mid-to-long-term follow-up is satisfactory with no related complications. At the same time, it has the advantages of simple operation, reduced patient suffering, convenient transportation and storage, and longer validity period. Compared with the control group in terms of safety evaluation of postoperative vital signs, laboratory examinations, and incision healing, Hai’ao oral repair membrane has no significant difference. Postoperative osteogenesis effect is equivalent to that of the control group and meets requirements of superiority. Hai’ao oral repair membrane is used as a shielding membrane material in implant surgery technology to guide bone regeneration.
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Ducret, M., A. Costantini, S. Gobert, J.-C. Farges, and M. Bekhouche. "Fibrin-based scaffolds for dental pulp regeneration: from biology to nanotherapeutics." European Cells and Materials 41 (January 2, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22203/ecm.v041a01.
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Tissue engineering-based endodontic therapies, designed to regenerate the dental pulp (DP) in the devitalised endodontic space, have been proposed to improve tooth longevity compared to conventional root-filling therapies. Their aim is to restore tooth vitality and major DP functions necessary to maintain tooth health such as immunosurveillance, sensitivity and healing/repair/regenerative capacities. Several formulations based on the use of fibrin, the main component of the blood clot matrix, recently gave valuable results in the regeneration of the human DP. This review describes recent fibrin-based scaffolds designed for that purpose. After having presented the various strategies for DP regeneration, the main fibrin-based scaffolds reported so far for clinical use in endodontics were reviewed. Particular emphasis was given to hydrogel devices that may be improved by incorporation of bioactive molecules that stimulate vascularisation and tissue neoformation or provide antibacterial properties. Data indicate that fibrin-based scaffolds constitute a highly favourable environment for mesenchymal stem cells, which is maintained upon functionalisation. Additional knowledge is needed to understand how fibrin and functionalising agents affect adhesion, survival, proliferation, migration and differentiation of cells incorporated in the scaffold or which will colonise it from neighbouring host tissues. This knowledge is needed to adapt the hydrogel formulation for various clinical conditions.
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Upadhyay, Akshaya, Sangeeth Pillai, Parisa Khayambashi, et al. "Biomimetic Aspects of Oral and Dentofacial Regeneration." Biomimetics 5, no. 4 (2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics5040051.
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Biomimetic materials for hard and soft tissues have advanced in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in dentistry. To examine these recent advances, we searched Medline (OVID) with the key terms “biomimetics”, “biomaterials”, and “biomimicry” combined with MeSH terms for “dentistry” and limited the date of publication between 2010–2020. Over 500 articles were obtained under clinical trials, randomized clinical trials, metanalysis, and systematic reviews developed in the past 10 years in three major areas of dentistry: restorative, orofacial surgery, and periodontics. Clinical studies and systematic reviews along with hand-searched preclinical studies as potential therapies have been included. They support the proof-of-concept that novel treatments are in the pipeline towards ground-breaking clinical therapies for orofacial bone regeneration, tooth regeneration, repair of the oral mucosa, periodontal tissue engineering, and dental implants. Biomimicry enhances the clinical outcomes and calls for an interdisciplinary approach integrating medicine, bioengineering, biotechnology, and computational sciences to advance the current research to clinics. We conclude that dentistry has come a long way apropos of regenerative medicine; still, there are vast avenues to endeavour, seeking inspiration from other facets in biomedical research.
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Brunello, Giulia, Federica Zanotti, Martina Trentini, et al. "Exosomes Derived from Dental Pulp Stem Cells Show Different Angiogenic and Osteogenic Properties in Relation to the Age of the Donor." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 5 (2022): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14050908.
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Craniofacial tissue reconstruction still represents a challenge in regenerative medicine. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based tissue engineering strategies have been introduced to enhance bone tissue repair. However, the risk of related complications is limiting their usage. To overcome these drawbacks, exosomes (EXOs) derived from MSCs have been recently proposed as a cell-free alternative to MSCs to direct tissue regeneration. It was hypothesized that there is a correlation between the biological properties of exosomes derived from the dental pulp and the age of the donor. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of EXOs derived from dental pulp stem cells of permanent teeth (old donor group) or exfoliated deciduous teeth (young donor group) on MSCs cultured in vitro. Proliferation potential was evaluated by doubling time, and commitment ability by gene expression and biochemical quantification for tissue-specific factors. Results showed a well-defined proliferative influence for the younger donor aged group. Similarly, a higher commitment ability was detected in the young group. In conclusion, EXOs could be employed to promote bone regeneration, likely playing an important role in neo-angiogenesis in early healing phases.
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Ibarretxe, Gaskon, Antonia Alvarez, Maria-Luz Cañavate, Enrique Hilario, Maitane Aurrekoetxea, and Fernando Unda. "Cell Reprogramming, IPS Limitations, and Overcoming Strategies in Dental Bioengineering." Stem Cells International 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/365932.
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The procurement of induced pluripotent stem cells, or IPS cells, from adult differentiated animal cells has the potential to revolutionize future medicine, where reprogrammed IPS cells may be used to repair disease-affected tissues on demand. The potential of IPS cell technology is tremendous, but it will be essential to improve the methodologies for IPS cell generation and to precisely evaluate each clone and subclone of IPS cells for their safety and efficacy. Additionally, the current state of knowledge on IPS cells advises that research on their regenerative properties is carried out in appropriate tissue and organ systems that permit a safe assessment of the long-term behavior of these reprogrammed cells. In the present paper, we discuss the mechanisms of cell reprogramming, current technical limitations of IPS cells for their use in human tissue engineering, and possibilities to overcome them in the particular case of dental regeneration.