Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Decisions that align"
Siga este link para ver outros tipos de publicações sobre o tema: Decisions that align.
Crie uma referência precisa em APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, e outros estilos
Veja os 50 melhores artigos de revistas para estudos sobre o assunto "Decisions that align".
Ao lado de cada fonte na lista de referências, há um botão "Adicionar à bibliografia". Clique e geraremos automaticamente a citação bibliográfica do trabalho escolhido no estilo de citação de que você precisa: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
Você também pode baixar o texto completo da publicação científica em formato .pdf e ler o resumo do trabalho online se estiver presente nos metadados.
Veja os artigos de revistas das mais diversas áreas científicas e compile uma bibliografia correta.
1
Witteman, Holly O., Anne-Sophie Julien, Ruth Ndjaboue, Nicole L. Exe, Valerie C. Kahn, Angela (Angie) Fagerlin e Brian J. Zikmund-Fisher. "What Helps People Make Values-Congruent Medical Decisions? Eleven Strategies Tested across 6 Studies". Medical Decision Making 40, n.º 3 (abril de 2020): 266–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x20904955.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Background. High-quality health decisions are often defined as those that are both evidence informed and values congruent. A values-congruent decision aligns with what matters to those most affected by the decision. Values clarification methods are intended to support values-congruent decisions, but their effects on values congruence are rarely evaluated. Methods. We tested 11 strategies, including the 3 most commonly used values clarification methods, across 6 between-subjects online randomized experiments in demographically diverse US populations ( n1 = 1346, n2 = 456, n3 = 840, n4 = 1178, n5 = 841, n6 = 2033) in the same hypothetical decision. Our primary outcome was values congruence. Decisional conflict was a secondary outcome in studies 3 to 6. Results. Two commonly used values clarification methods (pros and cons, rating scales) reduced decisional conflict but did not encourage values-congruent decisions. Strategies using mathematical models to show participants which option aligned with what mattered to them encouraged values-congruent decisions and reduced decisional conflict when assessed. Limitations. A hypothetical decision was necessary for ethical reasons, as we believed some strategies may harm decision quality. Later studies used more outcomes and covariates. Results may not generalize outside US-based adults with online access. We assumed validity and stability of values during the brief experiments. Conclusions. Failing to explicitly support the process of aligning options with values leads to increased proportions of values-incongruent decisions. Methods representing more than half of values clarification methods commonly in use failed to encourage values-congruent decisions. Methods that use models to explicitly show people how options align with their values offer more promise for helping people make decisions aligned with what matters to them. Decisional conflict, while arguably an important outcome in and of itself, is not an appropriate proxy for values congruence.
2
Faradita, Putri Adriani, e Kesi Widjajanti. "PENGARUH ONLINE CUSTOMER REVIEW, HARGA DAN KUALITAS PRODUK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN TOKOPEDIA". Solusi 21, n.º 2 (30 de abril de 2023): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/slsi.v21i2.6333.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p><em>This study aims to determine how much influence online customer reviews, prices, product quality have on purchasing decisions through the Tokopedia marketplace for Tokopedia users in the city of Semarang, there is a problem in making online purchases in the marketplace, including that buyers face various risks when making a purchase decision, where consumers cannot see directly the goods to be purchased, consumers do not know that the goods to be purchased will meet the expected needs or expectations of the product to be purchased. The population in this study were Tokopedia users, with a sample of 96 respondents using purposive sampling and a Likert scale measurement. The analysis in this study was processed using SPSS software. The results in this study show that online customer reviews, prices, and product quality simultaneously influence purchasing decisions on the Tokopedia marketplace. Online customer reviews have a significant effect on purchasing decisions on the Tokopedia marketplace. Prices have a significant effect on purchasing decisions on the Tokopedia Marketplace. Product quality has a significant effect on purchasing decisions on the Tokopedia marketplace. The population defined in this study is Tokopedia users in the city of Semarang. Then through the F test shows that the online customer review variables, price and product quality are appropriate to test the purchasing decision variable. Adjusted R square of 0.719 indicates that 71.9% of the decision to stay variable can be explained through the three independent variables in the regression equation. While the remaining 28.1% is explained by other variables outside the three variables used in this study.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p align="left"><strong>Keywords :</strong></p><p align="left"> </p><p align="left"><em>Online Customer Review; Price; Product Quality; Purchase Decision</em><em></em></p>
3
Laily, Nuri Ma'rifatul, e Vivin Maharani Ekowati. "PENGARUH HARGA DAN CITRA MEREK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN MELALUI MARKETPLACE SHOPEE DENGAN RATING PENJUALAN TOKO SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI". JURNAL LENTERA BISNIS 12, n.º 1 (31 de janeiro de 2023): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.34127/jrlab.v12i1.690.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p align="justify">This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of price and brand image on purchasing decisions at Shopee with store sales ratings as a moderating variable. This study uses purposive sampling with the criteria of using a shopee which has made a purchase with at least 2 transactions with 102 respondents. This type of research is quantitative research by collecting data by distributing questionnaires through Google Form. Data were analyzed using a simple regression analysis test and moderating regression analysis using the SPSS 16 program. The results indicate that purchase decision at Shopee is influenced by the price and brand image. Store sales ratings weaken the relationship between price, brand image, Shopee purchase decisions.</p><p align="left"><strong>Key words:</strong> Price, Brand Image, Store Sales Rating, Buying Decision</p>
4
Parker, Camilla. "The Draft Mental Incapacity Bill". International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law 1, n.º 10 (4 de setembro de 2014): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v1i10.142.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p align="LEFT">Despite the general agreement with the Law Commission’s assessment of the failings of the current system for decision-making on behalf of people who lack the capacity to make decisions for themselves, the steps towards achieving comprehensive reform, as recommended in its report, Mental Incapacity, has been a protracted process. Mental Incapacity was followed, two years later, by a consultation paper – 'Who Decides? Making Decisions on Behalf of Mentally Incapacitated People' – in which the Government sought views on the Law Commission’s recommendations for reform. In October 1999, the Lord Chancellor’s Department published 'Making Decisions', which set out the Government’s proposal for reform, "in the light of the responses to the consultation paper Who Decides".</p><p align="LEFT">In June of last year the reform process moved to a significant stage with the publication of the Government’s draft Mental Incapacity Bill (‘the Draft Bill’). This set out proposals to reform the law: "in order to improve and clarify the decision making process for those aged 16 and over who are unable to make decisions for themselves." Thus provisions set out in the Draft Bill are based on the Law Commission’s recommendations.</p>
5
Exworthy, Tim. "Psychiatric advance decisions – an opportunity missed". International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law 1, n.º 11 (4 de setembro de 2014): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v1i11.155.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p align="LEFT">After a very long gestation the Mental Capacity Bill was published earlier this year. Among its proposals was the incorporation into statute of advance decisions. These are devices whereby a person, while retaining capacity, can make certain decisions regarding their future treatment for such a time as they have lost capacity and so are unable to make legally binding decisions about their own treatment. As the Bill is phrased, advance decisions only permit a person to refuse treatment. There is no provision for that person to use ADs to express a positive preference for particular forms of treatment. It will be argued this represents a missed opportunity to allow patients and clinicians to engage in a more constructive approach to treatment planning. Experience from the USA demonstrates psychiatric advance directives have a role to play in engaging psychiatric patients and promoting adherence to their treatment plans.</p><p align="LEFT">This paper will only address the use of AD in relation to mental health treatment, although it is recognised they have an application far wider than this, including decisions regarding life-sustaining treatment.</p>
6
de Sousa, Willy. "Decision Making in Brazil and Emerging Technologies: The Case of 18F-FDG". International Journal of Innovation Science 6, n.º 4 (1 de dezembro de 2014): 235–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1757-2223.6.4.235.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The article recalls the history of the development of Fluor FDG in Brazil. Important facts that impacted this development and how this technology evolved considering a time span of more than ten years, starting from 1996, are presented in this paper. Five decisions made between 2004 and 2005 were selected and analyzed from the perspective of knowledge that a key decision maker has developed around the main elements of a decision - problem, objectives, alternatives, consequences, risks approach, and linked decisions. In conclusion, this case shows that experienced decision makers can make quality decisions when they are equipped with the appropriate information, align the relevant decisions taken over time, know how to use the right tactics at the right time and with all participants in decision making. Experienced decision makers identify opportunities where there seem to be problems, review the current strategies and visualize new strategies, and prepare themselves adequately to deal with the uncertainties.
7
Guerrero, Daniel, e Juan Rosellón. "PLANEACIÓN ÓPTIMA DE LA RED DE TRANSMISIÓN ELÉCTRICA DE BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR". Investigación Económica 77, n.º 305 (1 de novembro de 2018): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fe.01851667p.2018.305.67486.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p align="center"><strong>RESUMEN</strong></p><p>Analizamos los efectos sobre bienestar social de dos distintos procesos de planeación de expansión de la red de transmisión. Un primer modelo (<em>integrado</em>) considera las decisiones de generación y transmisión como actividades interdependientes. Un segundo modelo (<em>desintegrado</em>) supone dichas decisiones de expansión independientes, tal que la expansión de la red sigue un proceso exógeno. Esta dualidad de enfoques ha sido motivo de discusión académica y de política pública en diversos sistemas, como es el caso del sistema eléctrico de Alemania. Los dos modelos se simulan para la red de transmisión de Baja California Sur, el cual es un sistema autocontenido, con relativamente pocos nodos y líneas, y que permite desarrollar un estudio realista sobre las características de expansión eficiente de su red eléctrica. Demostramos que el enfoque integrado de expansión de la red resulta en mayores niveles de bienestar social para distintas topologías de red de este sistema.</p><p align="center"> </p><p align="center">OPTIMAL PLANNING OF THE ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION NETWORK OF BAJA CALIFORNIA SOUTH</p><p align="center"> <strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>We analyze the effects on social welfare of two different planning processes for the expansion of the transmission network. A first (integrated) model considers generation and transmission decisions as interdependent activities. A second model (disintegrated) assumes such expansion decisions as independent, such that the expansion of the network follows an exogenous process. This duality of approaches has been the subject of academic and public-policy discussion in various systems, as is the case of the German electricity system. The two models are simulated for the transmission network of Baja California Sur, which is a self-contained system with relatively few nodes and lines allowing a realistic study on the characteristics of efficient expansion within its electricity network. We demonstrate that the integrated network expansion approach results in higher levels of social welfare for different network topologies in this system.<p align="center"> </p>
8
Sutrisno, Nandang, Despan Heryansyah, Sahid Hadi e Christopher M. Cason. "The Regulation of Defendant’s Religious Identity in Court Decisions". BESTUUR 10, n.º 2 (6 de dezembro de 2022): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v10i2.61409.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p class="AbstractText">This study focuses on using religious attributes in the trial process of corruption cases in Indonesia, the judge’s consideration of the decency of a defendant, and the regulation of a defendant’s religious identity in the court decision. By identifying the judge’s perspective on a defendant's religious attributes and aspects of decency as an interpretative scheme and constructing their significance on it, this study also presents an analysis of the application of the principle of impartiality of judges and courts based on the Bangalore Principles. Impartiality itself is positioned as the bedrock of judicial integrity. With a field-based research method, this study reveals that religious identity has influenced judges and court decisions, especially considering mitigating factors in criminal sentencing. These findings indicate that the Bangalore Principles fall short of clear guidelines to counter such bias and a clear framework in Indonesia’s judiciary to restore its integrity.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
9
Kivijärvi, Hannu. "Advancing Organizational Alignment Decisions". International Journal of IT/Business Alignment and Governance 9, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2018): 53–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitbag.2018010104.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
In this article, a theory-driven approach for managing the alignment process between business and IT by making high-quality IT investment decisions is developed. The aim is to increase the understanding of the dimensions of the alignment problem and to offer some support in solving it. The conceptualization of the alignment issue is searched from the structural alignment theory, arising from and applied in psychology. After the theoretical considerations, the article adopts a multidimensional and constructive approach to the alignment problem and looks for answers to the question: How should organizations align business and IT, or at least, how to support the business and IT alignment decisions? As a result, a theoretically sound framework originating from the alignment problem is proposed for the evaluation of IT investments, a methodology based on that framework, and a concrete investment support system to help decision makers. The applicability of the approach is evaluated in the context of an actual case in the finance sector.
10
Patrick, Hilary. "Reflections from Scotland: Difficult Decisions Ahead". International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law 1, n.º 13 (5 de setembro de 2014): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v1i13.179.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p align="LEFT">This article looks at recent developments in Scottish mental health and incapacity law. Whilst Scotland clearly leads the way in mental health and social care law reform in the UK, its incapacity legislation is under strain. Scotland is struggling with the implications of <em>HL v UK</em> which, because of problems with the Adults with Incapacity (Scotland) Act 2000, appear even more complex than in England and Wales. Scotland is consulting on new laws to protect vulnerable adults, but lags behind England and Wales in its use of appropriate adults when people with mental disorders are interviewed by the police.</p>
11
Arum, Delfia Baby Sekar, Erni Susana, Eny Yuniriyanti e Lita Dwipasari. "Determining factors in customer decision-making in choosing mortgage loans". Jurnal Penelitian 20, n.º 2 (30 de dezembro de 2023): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/jp.v20i2.12753.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This study aims to analyze the factors influencing customer decisions regarding mortgage loans (Kredit Perumahan Rakyat or KPR), both individually and collectively. Employing a sample of 90 participants selected through random sampling, data collection was conducted through a structured questionnaire. The study employed multiple linear regression analysis to investigate the influence of various factors. The findings unveiled that price level, service quality, and procedural efficiency wield significant impacts on customer decisions in selecting KPR products. This highlights the pivotal role these factors play in the decision-making processes of customers. Conversely, the research discovered that promotional activities lack significant effects on customer decisions, indicating a potential necessity for KPR providers to reassess their promotional strategies. Grasping these insights can aid KPR providers in customizing their offerings to better align with customer preferences and requirements, thereby bolstering their competitive edge within the market landscape.
12
Wilder, Bryan, Bistra Dilkina e Milind Tambe. "Melding the Data-Decisions Pipeline: Decision-Focused Learning for Combinatorial Optimization". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (17 de julho de 2019): 1658–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33011658.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Creating impact in real-world settings requires artificial intelligence techniques to span the full pipeline from data, to predictive models, to decisions. These components are typically approached separately: a machine learning model is first trained via a measure of predictive accuracy, and then its predictions are used as input into an optimization algorithm which produces a decision. However, the loss function used to train the model may easily be misaligned with the end goal, which is to make the best decisions possible. Hand-tuning the loss function to align with optimization is a difficult and error-prone process (which is often skipped entirely).We focus on combinatorial optimization problems and introduce a general framework for decision-focused learning, where the machine learning model is directly trained in conjunction with the optimization algorithm to produce highquality decisions. Technically, our contribution is a means of integrating common classes of discrete optimization problems into deep learning or other predictive models, which are typically trained via gradient descent. The main idea is to use a continuous relaxation of the discrete problem to propagate gradients through the optimization procedure. We instantiate this framework for two broad classes of combinatorial problems: linear programs and submodular maximization. Experimental results across a variety of domains show that decisionfocused learning often leads to improved optimization performance compared to traditional methods. We find that standard measures of accuracy are not a reliable proxy for a predictive model’s utility in optimization, and our method’s ability to specify the true goal as the model’s training objective yields substantial dividends across a range of decision problems.
13
Jnitova, Victoria, Keith Joiner, Mahmoud Efatmaneshnik, Timothy L. J. Ferris e Elizabeth Chang. "Using HOQ Methodology to Prioritise Organisational Resilience Decisions in Training Establishments". INCOSE International Symposium 33, n.º 1 (julho de 2023): 943–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13063.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
AbstractResilience has become an attractive proposition in many organisations seeking to perform well under adversity and uncertainty in a dynamic and changing operational environment. We developed a survey tool to measure organisational resilience and implemented it in several large training establishments. The gap between the training organisations' actual and desired resilience was identified through analysis of the survey's quantitative responses. The survey's qualitative (free‐form) responses underwent inductive (thematic) and deductive (resilience attribute allocation) analysis to expand our understanding of training establishment problems and possible solutions from the survey participants' perspectives. Here we applied the House of Quality (HOQ) approach to prioritise the solutions to the organisational issues identified from the qualitative responses to align those with the organisational resilience attributes' priorities. The organisational resilience attributes were prioritised in another round of HOQ application to align them with the importance scores of the organisation‐specific resilience requirements. We used the results from our two HOQ rounds to create an optimal path (response) to move from actual to desired organisational resilience, demonstrated in a survey‐based resilience case study conducted in a large Defence training establishment.
14
Gunn, Michael. "Reform of the Mental Health Act 1983: The Relevance of Capacity to Make Decisions". International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law, n.º 3 (8 de setembro de 2014): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v0i3.308.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p align="LEFT">In this article, Professor Gunn discusses autonomy, consent and compulsion in mental health treatment, and reflects on the lines of reasoning which underpin the recent changes to the Mental Health Act 1983.</p>
15
Petkus, Amber A., Christopher J. Sullivan, Melissa Lugo e Jamie Newsome. "The Impact of Risk Assessment on Juvenile Justice Decision-Making and New Adjudication: An Analysis of Usage and Outcome". Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice 20, n.º 2 (28 de dezembro de 2021): 139–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15412040211061270.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Juvenile risk and needs assessments (JRNAs) have been the focus of extensive research in the academic literature. Prior studies have primarily focused on the risk-recidivism relationship and establishing predictive validity with juvenile populations. Less investigated is the use of risk and need assessment in practice, including how such tools are used to inform decision-making. This study uses record data encompassing 3,034 youth from a multi-state study to examine dispositional and treatment decisions associated with the Ohio Youth Assessment System (OYAS). Specifically, mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate how current practices align with underlying logic and theory regarding the role of assessments in juvenile justice. Findings reveal varied and complex relationships between assessment scores, case decisions, and recidivism. While risk was generally associated with recidivism, our results suggest juvenile risk and need assessments are inconsistently used to inform case management and placement decisions. Implications for practice and future research are also discussed.
16
Lundberg, Johannes. "Agency Theory’s “Truth Regime”: Reading Danish Pension Funds’ Decisions Regarding Shell from the Perspective of Agency Theory". Sustainability 14, n.º 22 (10 de novembro de 2022): 14801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142214801.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
With the progression of both the climate crisis and financial capitalism, institutional investors play an increasingly central role in fossil fuel companies’ business decisions. Against this backdrop, this article investigates the underlying rationales of Danish pension funds’ climate-related investment decisions analyzed from the perspective of one of the dominant finance theories today on the governance relationship between investors and corporations: agency theory. Hitherto, investors’ climate-related investment decisions have not yet been studied from the perspective of how investors’ actions align with the assumptions of agency theory. Thus, this study explores the degree to which select Danish pension funds’ climate-related investment decisions regarding Royal Dutch Shell can be verified according to agency theory. First, deploying Foucault’s notion of a “truth regime”, the article analyzes how a certain action can be defined as true, read from the perspective of investment assumptions derived from agency theory, a truth regime of agency theory. Second, the paper explores the degree to which this truth regime can be identified in the climate-related investment decisions of the three Danish pension funds, PFA, PKA, and AkademikerPension, regarding Shell’s general assembly, 2021. The investigation concludes that the assumptions of the agency theory truth regime constitute a part of the central reasonings in financial capitalism and that, insofar as investors significantly align with the prescriptions of agency theory, it substantially reduces their possibilities to take Paris-aligned investment decisions.
17
Bhatt, Umang, Pradeep Ravikumar e Jos´e M. F. Moura. "Building Human-Machine Trust via Interpretability". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (17 de julho de 2019): 9919–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33019919.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Developing human-machine trust is a prerequisite for adoption of machine learning systems in decision critical settings (e.g healthcare and governance). Users develop appropriate trust in these systems when they understand how the systems make their decisions. Interpretability not only helps users understand what a system learns but also helps users contest that system to align with their intuition. We propose an algorithm, AVA: Aggregate Valuation of Antecedents, that generates a consensus feature attribution, retrieving local explanations and capturing global patterns learned by a model. Our empirical results show that AVA rivals current benchmarks.
18
Hutyra, Carolyn A., Stephen Smiley, Dean C. Taylor, Lori A. Orlando e Richard C. Mather. "Efficacy of a Preference-Based Decision Tool on Treatment Decisions for a First-Time Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: A Randomized Controlled Trial of At-Risk Patients". Medical Decision Making 39, n.º 3 (5 de março de 2019): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x19832915.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Background. First-time anterior shoulder dislocations (FTASD) provide an opportunity to examine the value of integrating stated-preference data with decision modeling to differentiate between patients whose preferred management strategy involves operative or nonoperative treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a FTASD decision tool intervention with individual preference measurement compared with a text-based control in a randomized controlled trial. Methods. Two hundred respondents between 18 and 35 years of age at risk for experiencing an FTASD were enrolled from the orthopedic clinics and randomized to receive either an interactive decision tool intervention capable of eliciting patient preferences for treatment of an FTASD or a text-based control on shoulder dislocations and treatments. The primary outcome was preference for operative or nonoperative treatment choice. Secondary outcomes included the decisional conflict scale (DCS), stage of decision making, patient activation and engagement, awareness of preference sensitive decisions, knowledge retention, and instrument acceptability. Results. One hundred respondents were randomized to the intervention and 100 to the control. A total of 154 men and 46 women with an average age of 23.6 years completed the survey. Participants in the intervention group made treatment decisions that aligned more closely with evidence-based recommendations than those in the control group ( P = 0.016). Secondary outcomes showed no difference between intervention and control, excluding several DCS subscales. Discussion. An interactive, preference-based decision tool for treatment of FTASD affects patient decision making by guiding respondents toward treatment decisions that align more closely with evidence-based recommendations in the absence of a consultation with an orthopedic provider compared with a standard-of-care control tool. Additional study is needed to evaluate the long-term effects of this tool on treatment outcomes, patient adherence, and satisfaction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2
19
Mannering, Willa. "Should Fingerprint Examiners Make More Erroneous Identifications?" IU Journal of Undergraduate Research 3, n.º 1 (5 de setembro de 2017): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/iujur.v3i1.23362.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This study was conducted as a response to the concerns about the consequences of latent fingerprint examinations. The goal is to determine if society’s moral values align with the current bias towards erroneous exclusion decisions over erroneous identification decisions found in latent print examinations. Subjects of this experiment were asked to manipulate a webbased visualization that reflects the tradeoffs between putting guilty people in jail and keeping innocent people out of jail. The results of the experiment were analyzed to determine the similarities and differences between the opinions of fingerprint examiners and the opinions of students and members of the general public. In practice, examiners adopt more conservative decision criteria, because they could lose their job if they put an innocent person in jail. According to the results of this study, examiners seem to have a much more liberal exclusion criterion than they actually do in casework, and the public seems willing to tolerate a higher amount of erroneous identifications in exchange for a lower erroneous exclusion rate based on their average criteria placement in the visualization. The results of this study will help examiners align their responses to those of society, and help all citizens understand the tradeoffs that can occur with shifting decision criteria. If the results of the study indicate the need to shift the decision criteria to put more criminals in jail, additional safeguards may be necessary to guard against innocent people going to jail. Thus this dataset represents a rich framework for measuring, interpreting, and responding to the values and beliefs of what constitutes a just and moral society.
20
Mutanga, Murimo Bethel, Philip Xolisa Piyose e Sithembile Ndovela. "Factors Affecting Career Preferences and Pathways: Insights from IT Students". Journal of Information Systems and Informatics 5, n.º 3 (11 de setembro de 2023): 1111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51519/journalisi.v5i3.556.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The selection of an appropriate career path plays a pivotal role in shaping students' futures and can greatly enhance their employability prospects. By making well-informed decisions, students can align their educational pursuits with their professional aspirations, ensuring a seamless transition from academia to the workforce. This study aims to investigate the career choices of IT students within the Department of ICT. Through an analysis of the career choices made by students in these specific areas, the research seeks to uncover the underlying factors that influence their decision-making processes. By examining the career preferences of IT students, this research endeavor seeks to provide valuable insights into the motivations, interests, and aspirations that drive their choice of specialization. Additionally, it aims to explore how external factors, such as industry trends, job market demands, and personal experiences, impact their decision-making. Understanding these factors can offer valuable guidance to educational institutions, curriculum developers, and career advisors, enabling them to provide tailored support and guidance to IT students, thus facilitating more informed career decisions. Ultimately, the findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the career preferences and pathways within the IT field. This knowledge can aid educators and institutions in developing relevant and responsive curricula, fostering an environment that nurtures students' talents and equips them with the necessary skills and knowledge for their chosen career paths. Additionally, it can assist students in making informed choices that align with their passions and long-term goals, ultimately enhancing their employability and success in the dynamic and ever-evolving IT industry.
21
Speese, John. "Azadirachtin (Align) to Control CPB on Potatoes, 1994". Arthropod Management Tests 20, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 1995): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/20.1.126.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract Potatoes were planted on 11 April at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of two 25 ft rows on 3 ft row spacing, replicated four times in a randomized, complete block design. An untreated guard row separated each plot. Admire 2F was applied in furrow preplanting using a single hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer. Foliar sprays were applied on the dates indicated in the table using a 3 hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 60 gal water/acre at 40 psi. On 21 and 23 Jun, the entire test was sprayed out with Vydate L at 0.50 lb(AI)/acre and Furadan 4F at 1.00 lb (AI)/acre to control first generation CPB adults. Evaluation criteria and spray decisions were based on weekly counts of all CPB life stages present on 10 random stems/plot. Sprays were applied if the following thresholds were exceeded: 4 small larvae, 1.5 large larvae, or 0.5 adults/stem. Percent defoliation for each plot was rated on 16 Jun and both rows of each plot were harvested and graded on 20 Jul to determine yields.
22
Jerolleman, Alessandra, e Jerry Graves. "Personal and Institutional Timelines for Hurricane Preparedness, Recovery and Mitigation". International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 38, n.º 1 (março de 2020): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072702003800105.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Institutional and personal timelines are constantly placed in tension by hurricanes, from decisions regarding preparedness and evacuation, to recovery and hazard mitigation decisions. Government timelines for evacuation, for example, must allow sufficient time for the large scale movement of a population; but, individually, evacuation timelines are impacted by a myriad of personal decisions including caregiving concerns and employment concerns, both of which tend to push the decision making window further out. Another example is in recovery, where institutional timelines for recovery assistance, spread out across several agencies and timescales, do not readily align with personal and family decision-making timelines in which returning to a sense of normalcy is prioritized highest. These varying timelines result in complications with the marrying of various sources of assistance and lead to both unnecessary confusion and also missed opportunities to maximize recovery assistance. In hazard mitigation, the fact that the majority of funds are available after damages have occurred already creates an inverted timeline in which preventative actions are taken after the fact, but the delays inherent to the management of the programs also create extensive delays to family recovery timelines.
23
Boumosleh, Anwar. "Firm Investment Decisions, Dividend Policy, And Director Stock Options". Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 28, n.º 4 (28 de junho de 2012): 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i4.7058.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Since risk plays a role in setting dividend policy and granting stock options to directors, the paper investigates the effect of director compensation structure on the riskiness of the firms investment strategy by examining the firms dividend payout policy. The results imply that stock options to outside directors increase the firms appetite for risk and suggest that director stock options constitute a major incentive to changing corporate policies. The results also indicate that director stock options align the risk preferences of managers and directors. Finally, the results suggest that stock options do not motivate directors to act opportunistically in setting investment and payout policies.
24
Falajabudien, Victorio Aqsa, e Fuad Mas'ud. "The Effect of Religiusity, Halal Label, Brand Image and Celebrity Endorser on Purchase Decisions on Shampo Hijab Products (The Case of Muslim Consumer Study in Semarang)". AFEBI Islamic Finance and Economic Review 5, n.º 02 (18 de junho de 2020): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.47312/aifer.v5i02.445.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p align="justify">The demand for halal products is mandatory for every Muslimah, including halal hijab shampo products. This study aims to determine the effect of religiosity, halal label, brand image, and celebrity endorser as independent variables in this study on purchasing decisions for hijab shampo products, which are the dependent variable. The data collection method was done through a questionnaire. The population in this study are Muslim consumers who have bought and used shampo hijab products in the city of Semarang. This study selected a sample of 100 respondents using a purposive sampling approach. The data are then analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of the analysis show that the halal label and brand image variables have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, while the religiosity and celebrity endorser variables have no significant effect on purchasing decisions. Simultaneously, the results of the independent variable religiosity, halal label, brand image and celebrity endorser have a simultaneous effect on purchasing decisions.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Religiosity; halal label; brand image; celebrity endorser; purchase decision</p>
25
Hache, Connie. "Implementing Public Policies with User Fees that Align with Partisan Ideology: A Canadian Example". Revue Gouvernance 13, n.º 1 (1 de fevereiro de 2017): 5–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1038830ar.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The Canadian federal government not only provides public services such as infrastructure, healthcare and education that benefit all citizens, but government also provides services on an individual basis to citizens. Through a case study, this paper explores how government makes decisions that support its political party’s ideology in deciding whether or not to implement user fees for services that benefit individuals. Using public choice theory, we discuss three actors with each actor striving to maximize their utility: elected officials by obtaining enough votes to form government; citizen-voters by obtaining more benefits than what they finance through general taxation; and pressure groups by spending resources on political activities to secure the group members’ preferences. We then apply these three actors to a case study: the decision to increase user fees for criminal record suspensions. The case study brings forth an example of government not acquiescing to the majority of citizen-voters’ and pressure groups’ demands if these demands do not align with government’s self-interest such as furthering their ideological stance.
26
Yulianti, Yulianti, Syakila Finanjani, Dwi Kurnia Sari e Asmawati Asmawati. "Career Guidance Helps Students Choose the Right Career Path". Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan 7, n.º 2 (1 de outubro de 2023): 3470–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v7i2.6837.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Currently, many students still choose majors that do not align with their actual career aspirations. Career guidance plays a crucial role in helping students identify their interests, talents, values, and life goals. Therefore, career guidance is a process of guidance and support, aiding students in making more confident and informed decisions. Additionally, career guidance is a vital aspect of education aimed at assisting students in developing self-awareness and selecting suitable career paths. Through a profound understanding of students' interests and potentials, career guidance can assist them in navigating a more purposeful career path selection process while minimizing the risk of making decisions that do not align with their desires and talents. The methodology employed involves the analysis of various literature sources, journals, and articles relevant to the topic. The analysis highlights that career guidance is not only about choosing a job but also about laying a strong foundation for a successful and fulfilling future.
27
Syah, Irchan Ardian, e Muhartini Salim. "THE INFLUENCE OF VIRAL MARKETING AND ONLINE CUSTOMER REVIEWS ON TIKTOK ON PURCHASING DECISIONS FOR UNIQLO FASHION PRODUCTS AMONG GENERATION Z IN INDONESIA : A STUDY OF THE MEDIATING ROLE OF CONSUMER TRUST". Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA) 8, n.º 2 (12 de julho de 2024): 1736–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31955/mea.v8i2.4230.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The e-commerce industry in Indonesia has experienced significant growth. Data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) shows 17%, with the total number of e-commerce businesses reaching 26.2 million units. This study aims to analyze the influence of viral marketing and online customer reviews on TikTok on the purchase decision of UNIQLO fashion products among Generation Z in Indonesia, considering the mediating role of consumer trust. This study uses quantitative methods by distributing questionnaires to 160 Generation Z respondents who actively use TikTok. This research data was processed using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) using the SmartPLS4 application. The results show that Viral Marketing has a significant impact on Trust, Online Consumer Reviews has a significant impact on Trust, Trust has a significant impact on Purchasing Decisions, Viral Marketing has a significant impact on purchasing decisions, Viral Marketing has a significant impact on Purchasing Decisions through Trust, Online Consumer Reviews has a significant impact on Purchasing Decisions through Trust. However, the Online Consumer Reviews variable did not significantly affect purchasing decisions. The implication of this research for UNIQLO is that utilizing viral marketing and encouraging positive customer reviews on platforms such as TikTok can be an effective strategy to increase purchase decisions. UNIQLO also needs to communicate values that align with Generation Z preferences, such as sustainability and ethical practices in the fashion industry.
28
Naseef PP, Mohammed Ridhan Bazil, Irshad Ibrahim N, Muhsinu Rahman, Munavar Ali, Mohammed Nihal Kottangodan e Praseen G P. "Navigating pharmaceutical product decisions: A comprehensive review". International Journal of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis 10, n.º 2 (15 de julho de 2023): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpca.2023.014.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Product management in the pharmaceutical industry is a complex and challenging role that involves overseeing the entire life cycle of a drug product, from development through commercialization and beyond. It requires a deep understanding of the regulatory environment, market dynamics, and patient needs, as well as strong leadership and management skills By classifying product decisions into these categories, businesses can prioritize their efforts and allocate resources effectively. Strategic decisions, for example, may require more resources and involve more stakeholders than operational decisions, but they can also have a greater impact on the success of the product. By making informed product line and product mix decisions, businesses can effectively meet customer needs and grow their market share. By using product portfolio analysis, businesses can make informed decisions about which products to invest in, which to divest or improve, and which new products or markets to pursue. This analysis helps businesses align their product offerings with their overall business strategy and maximize their profitability and growth potential.
29
de Souza, Paulo E. U., Caroline P. C. Chanel, Melody Mailliez e Frédéric Dehais. "Predicting Human Operator’s Decisions Based on Prospect Theory". Interacting with Computers 32, n.º 3 (maio de 2020): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iwcomp/iwaa016.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract The aim of this work is to predict human operator’s (HO) decisions in a specific operational context, such as a cooperative human-robot mission, by approximating his/her utility function based on prospect theory (PT). To this aim, a within-subject experiment was designed in which the HO has to decide with limited time and incomplete information. This experiment also involved a framing effect paradigm, a typical cognitive bias causing people to react differently depending on the context. Such an experiment allowed to acquire data concerning the HO’s decisions in two different mission scenarios: search and rescue and Mars rock sampling. The framing was manipulated (e.g. positive vs. negative) and the probability of the outcomes causing people to react differently depending on the context. Statistical results observed for this experiment supported the hypothesis that the way the problem was presented (positively or negatively framed) and the emotional commitment affected the HO’s decisions. Thus, based on the collected data, the present work is willed to propose: (i) a formal approximation of the HO’s utility function founded on the prospect theory and (ii) a model used to predict the HO’s decisions based on the economics approach of multi-dimensional consumption bundle and PT. The obtained results, in terms of utility function fit and prediction accuracy, are promising and show that similar modeling and prediction method should be taken into account when an intelligent cybernetic system drives human–robot interaction. The advantage of predicting the HO’s decision, in this operational context, is to anticipate his/her decision, given the way a question is framed to the HO. Such a predictor lays the foundation for the development of a decision-making system capable of choosing how to present the information to the operator while expecting to align his/her decision with the given operational guideline.
30
Imad Salah, Et al. "Navigating Ethics in Digital Humanities: A Deep Dive into Decision Distribution within Higher Education at the University of Jordan". International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, n.º 9 (5 de novembro de 2023): 3117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i9.9453.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This research aims to aid higher education institutions in making decisions that align with student needs and enhance their satisfaction. It considers decision presentation, timing of implementation, and communication of the benefits tied to educational quality improvements. To gauge student opinions, an online questionnaire research design was adopted, involving 3,000 male and female students from the University of Jordan. Findings indicated that students generally express dissatisfaction with higher education decisions and regulations due to unclear communication and limited implementation time.
For predicting educational quality outcomes, four machine learning algorithms were employed, each corresponding to four different higher education decisions. Notably, the Random Forest (RF) algorithm showcased superior performance. In the initial questionnaire, it achieved an accuracy of 97%, which slightly decreased to 92% in the second questionnaire due to the expanded dataset and varying factors affecting accuracy. The k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm also yielded impressive results, achieving a remarkable 94% accuracy in the third questionnaire.
In the third questionnaire, the Decision Tree (DT) algorithm exhibited an accuracy of 85% in optimal scenarios. In contrast, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm, tailored for intricate tasks with numerous variables, consistently performed below expectations across all questionnaires. Its efficacy consistently lagged alternative algorithms, indicating a misalignment with the specific demands of its operational framework.
31
Harrison, Rowland J., Lars Olthafer e Katie Slipp. "Federal and Alberta Energy Project Regulation Reform — At What Cost Efficiency?" Alberta Law Review 51, n.º 2 (1 de dezembro de 2013): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/alr67.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Changes to regulatory regimes at the federal and provincial levels have recently transformed the way that energy resource projects will be considered and approved. The federal Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, 2012 and amended National Energy Board Act, along with the Alberta Responsible Energy Development Act, have taken decision-making power away from the regulators to government in an effort to align regulatory decisions with broader government policies. This article examines a number of the effects of the new regimes including the impact that the changes might have on the role of the regulator, the functioning of regulatory processes, and the development of Canada’s natural resources.
32
Anderson, David A. "Environmental Exigencies and the Efficient Voter Rule". Economies 8, n.º 4 (17 de novembro de 2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies8040100.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Externality problems hinder solutions to existential threats, including climate change and mass extinction. To avert environmental crises, policymakers seek mechanisms that align private incentives with societal exigencies. Successful solutions bring individuals to internalize the broad repercussions of their behavior. In some cases, privatization, Coasian bargaining, or Pigouvian taxes effectively place the weight of externalities on the relevant decision makers. Yet, the available remedies often fail to provide satisfactory outcomes, and inefficiencies persist in the markets for energy, transportation, and manufactured goods, among others. This article explains how a simple voting mechanism can achieve socially optimal decisions about many of the innumerable externality problems that remain.
33
Tran, Brigitte Roth. "Divest, Disregard, or Double Down? Philanthropic Endowment Investments in Objectionable Firms". American Economic Review: Insights 1, n.º 2 (1 de setembro de 2019): 241–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aeri.20180347.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
How much, if at all, should an endowment invest in a firm whose activities run counter to the charitable missions the endowment funds? I offer the first model characterizing this type of investment decision. I introduce a strategy called “mission hedging,” where—in contrast to traditional socially responsible investing—foundations may benefit from skewing investment toward the objectionable firm in order to align funding availability with need. I characterize the trade-offs driving foundation investment decisions. By leveraging the idiosyncratic firm risk typically diversified away in profit-maximizing portfolios, foundations may find that bad actors provide good opportunities to hedge mission-specific risks. (JEL G11, G14, L31, M14)
34
Hayati, Nur, e Jaenal Mutaqin. "Pengaruh Harga, Kepercayaan Konsumen, Dan Optimasi Penggunaan Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19 Melalui Marketplace Tokopedia Di Kota Cimahi". JURNAL LENTERA BISNIS 12, n.º 2 (19 de maio de 2023): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.34127/jrlab.v12i2.651.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p align="justify">This study aims to analyze whether Price, Consumer Confidence and Ease of Use have a positive and significant effect partially and simultaneously on Purchase Decisions Making through the Tokopedia marketplace during the Covid 19 pandemic in South Cimahi District, Cimahi City. The research method used is a quantitative method. While the research formula used in this study is a descriptive formula. The research sample was 130 respondents using purposive sampling technique. The technique of collecting data is through the distribution of questionnaires directly and online using an ordinal scale. The results showed that there was a partial influence of consumer trust and ease of use on purchasing decisions through the Tokopedia marketplace during the Covid 19 pandemic in South Cimahi District, Cimahi City. However, there is no partial effect of price on purchasing decisions through the Tokopedia marketplace during the Covid 19 pandemic in South Cimahi District, Cimahi City. There is a significant effect of price, consumer trust, and ease of use simultaneously on purchasing decisions through the Tokopedia marketplace during the Covid 19 pandemic in South Cimahi District, Cimahi City.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Consumer Trust, Ease of Use, Pandemic Covid 19, Purchase Decision, Price.</p>
35
Farrier, S., e G. Swier. "Sustainability and implementation of economic regulation in the Water Sector in Victoria, Australia". Water Supply 5, n.º 2 (1 de setembro de 2005): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2005.0024.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The water industry in the state of Victoria, Australia underwent significant structural and pricing reforms in the 1990s. Now, attention is focussed on introducing independent economic regulation, and on the sustainable management of water resources. Experience in Victoria, Australia, provides an interesting opportunity to consider the challenges of reconciling independent economic regulation of profit focused businesses while meeting goals for sustainability in the most efficient way. We conclude that effective integration of sustainability and economic regulation requires consideration of the incentives in economic regulation; investment in defining and collecting data and information to support decisions; greater utilisation of market based instruments; wider and extended use of existing evaluation tools and more explicit linking of these tools to decisions about allocation of resources. However we consider that priority should be given to institutional arrangements; we consider that reform will be required to align arrangements with objectives and thus facilitate efficient and consistent decision-making.
36
Szmukler, George, Rowena Daw e John Dawson. "A model law fusing incapacity and mental health legislation". International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law, n.º 20 (8 de setembro de 2014): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v0i20.232.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p align="left">An outline for a model law is presented here that would govern the non-consensual treatment of people who lack the capacity (or competence) to consent due to mental impairment, whether this is due to ‘mental disorder’ or ‘psychiatric disorder’ as conventionally conceived, or due to a ‘physical disorder’. Our aim in drafting this model law is to give coherent and practical expression to the case, previously made by two of the current authors, that separate legislation authorising the civil commitment of ‘mentally disordered’ persons is unnecessary, and discriminatory, and should be replaced by new, comprehensive legislation that would govern the non-consensual treatment of both ‘mental’ and ‘physical’ conditions. This new scheme – which we have described as the ‘fusion’ proposal – would be based squarely on incapacity principles: that is, on the impaired capacity of a person to make decisions about treatment, from whatever cause – whether this is due to schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s Disease, a learning disability, a confusional state due to infection, a cerebrovascular accident, a head injury, or any other mental impairment.</p><p align="left">A model statute of this kind, drafted largely by Rowena Daw, is presented here in skeleton form.</p><p align="left"> </p><p align="left"> </p><p align="left"> </p>
37
Galo, Agerti. "Analytical Hierarchy Process as a Decision-Making Model". European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, n.º 2 (21 de janeiro de 2017): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i2.p106-112.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
When the problems we face are complex and affect each other, then the decision making process is more difficult. In most cases we apply established policies or choices without knowing which the best choice is. To make appropriate decisions that can solve the problems encountered should be analyzed very well the reasons that create problems and their reciprocal influence. AHP helps the decision of the people who will decide the problem by taking a hierarchical structure evaluation, opinions, experiences and all information about this problem. This flexible structure enables analytical feelings and instincts to organize and align with a shape that resembles human logic. Thus this analytical flexible structure, allowing to adjust the paper instead of the mind, gives people the opportunity to intervene in the most difficult problems and complex.
38
Field, Thomas G. "Factors that influence producer decisions to implement management strategies". Animal Health Research Reviews 15, n.º 2 (7 de novembro de 2014): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1466252314000310.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
AbstractCow–calf enterprises in the USA are widely divergent in size, locale, resource availability, management skill, and market focus. Furthermore, variation exists in dependence on the cow–calf enterprise as a primary source of income, perception about the utility of a particular management practice or technology, and assessment of cost: benefit resulting from implementation impact decisions. Enterprises with larger cow inventories, greater dependence on income from the cattle enterprise, and that retain ownership further into the supply chain beyond the cow–calf operation are more likely to institute management protocols such as vaccination programs, defined calving seasons, and reproductive technologies. Successful cow–calf managers place the highest priority on herd nutrition, pasture and range management, herd health, financial management marketing, production management, and genetics. Management practices are more likely to be adopted when they align with a manager's perception of the utility, labor availability, favorable cost: benefit outcomes and profit motivation.
39
Nicolaz García, José Antonio, Deyanira Vega Montes, Ana Gabriel Castañeda Castro e Eunice Olguín Vega. "Emociones del cuidador primario ante su enfermo con diagnóstico de Cáncer". Revista CuidArte 1, n.º 1 (23 de fevereiro de 2012): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fesi.23958979e.2012.1.1.69062.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Estudio cualitativo que tiene como objetivo analizar las emociones que presenta el cuidador primario ante el diagnóstico de cáncer de un ser querido, fue realizado en el Hospital Juárez de México en el servicio de pediatría.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">El cuidador primario tiende a desarrollar emociones, y en casi todas las circunstancias, influyen en la toma de decisiones; muchas de las grandes o pequeñas decisiones que toman los cuidadores están influenciadas por las emociones que son básicas e innatas del ser humano.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Uno de los trastornos presentes y que conlleva al surgimiento de las emociones es el estrés ante la incertidumbre que desencadena el no saber el rumbo de la enfermedad.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">El llevar un proceso de enfermedad es difícil, aun más cuando hablamos de una enfermedad incurable en la cual sólo se puede dar una “mejor calidad de vida”.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">SUMMARY</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-US">The present work is a qualitative study, which has as aim analyze the emotions that the primary keeper presents before the diagnosis of cancerof a dear being, it was realized in the Hospital Juárez of Mexico in the service of pediatrics.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-US">The primary keeper tends to develop emotions and in almost all the circumstances, they influence the capture of decisions; many of the big or small decisions that take the keepers are influenced by the emotions that are basic and innate of the human being.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-US">One of the present disorders and that he carries to the emergence of the emotions is the stress before the uncertainty that unleashes ignorance about the course of the disease.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Facing a disease process is difficult, furthermore when talking about an incurable one, in which it is only possible to provide a better life quality.</span></p></span></span></span></p>
40
Rosemarin, Hanan, Ariel Rosenfeld, Steven Lapp e Sarit Kraus. "LBA: Online Learning-Based Assignment of Patients to Medical Professionals". Sensors 21, n.º 9 (25 de abril de 2021): 3021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21093021.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Central to any medical domain is the challenging patient to medical professional assignment task, aimed at getting the right patient to the right medical professional at the right time. This task is highly complex and involves partially conflicting objectives such as minimizing patient wait-time while providing maximal level of care. To tackle this challenge, medical institutions apply common scheduling heuristics to guide their decisions. These generic heuristics often do not align with the expectations of each specific medical institution. In this article, we propose a novel learning-based online optimization approach we term Learning-Based Assignment (LBA), which provides decision makers with a tailored, data-centered decision support algorithm that facilitates dynamic, institution-specific multi-variate decisions, without altering existing medical workflows. We adapt our generic approach to two medical settings: (1) the assignment of patients to caregivers in an emergency department; and (2) the assignment of medical scans to radiologists. In an extensive empirical evaluation, using real-world data and medical experts’ input from two distinctive medical domains, we show that our proposed approach provides a dynamic, robust and configurable data-driven solution which can significantly improve upon existing medical practices.
41
Hopeck, Paula. "Spiritual Reassurance". Journal of Communication and Religion 43, n.º 4 (2020): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jcr202043424.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Research on spirituality at the end of life is extensive. Most research prescribes why care workers should talk with patients and their families about spirituality, who should talk with them, and how care workers should do it. Few studies address the experiences of discussing religion with families at the end of life. In this study, semistructured interviews with nurses, patient advocates, chaplains, and social workers (n = 65) described their experiences of religious discussions with family members. Generally, families seek spiritual reassurance for their decisions, including that their decisions align with the will of God and their religion.
42
Juma, David Mumo, Leonard Ogola e Catherine Elsa Aringo. "An Examination into the Linkage Between Production Theory and Capital Structure of a Firm". African Journal of Commercial Studies 5, n.º 1 (4 de julho de 2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.59413/ajocs/v5.i1.1.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This scholarly article explores the complex relationship between production theory and the capital structure of a firm. Production theory refers to the methodical approach that businesses use to determine the optimal output quantities based on market demand. The article thoroughly discusses how production theory impacts decision-making processes related to capital structure. It explains that production theory helps enterprises make informed decisions that align with their capital structure, ultimately benefiting the firm as a whole. This is achieved by incorporating production-related factors with expected returns. Additionally, the article critically examines the criticisms and limitations associated with production theory. In summary, the article argues that production theory significantly influences business decision-making, empowering entrepreneurs and investors to make informed choices that maximize the use of capital resources and promote economic growth. The research findings highlight the importance of understanding production theory and its relationship with capital structure in formulating strategic decisions that enhance profitability and ensure long-term operations. The article emphasizes the symbiotic nature of the relationship between production theory and capital structure, underscoring their indispensable roles in shaping economic decision-making and guiding successful business strategies. The study recommends regularly assessing business performance against industry benchmarks to drive continuous improvement and adopting adaptive strategies for sustained growth and competitiveness.
43
Caldwell, Rachel. "A Provisional System to Evaluate Journal Publishers Based on Partnership Practices and Values Shared with Academic Institutions and Libraries". Publications 8, n.º 3 (23 de julho de 2020): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/publications8030039.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Background: Journals with high impact factors (IFs) are the “coin of the realm” in many review, tenure, and promotion decisions, ipso facto, IFs influence academic authors’ views of journals and publishers. However, IFs do not evaluate how publishers interact with libraries or academic institutions. Goal: This provisional system introduces an evaluation of publishers exclusive of IF, measuring how well a publisher’s practices align with the values of libraries and public institutions of higher education (HE). Identifying publishers with similar values may help libraries and institutions make strategic decisions about resource allocation. Methods: Democratization of knowledge, information exchange, and the sustainability of scholarship were values identified to define partnership practices and develop a scoring system evaluating publishers. Then, four publishers were evaluated. A high score indicates alignment with the values of libraries and academic institutions and a strong partnership with HE. Results: Highest scores were earned by a learned society publishing two journals and a library publisher supporting over 80 open-access journals. Conclusions: Publishers, especially nonprofit publishers, could use the criteria to guide practices that align with mission-driven institutions. Institutions and libraries could use the system to identify publishers acting in good faith towards public institutions of HE.
44
Maer Matei, Monica Mihaela, Ana-Maria Zamfir e Cristina Mocanu. "Criteria Weights in Hiring Decisions—A Conjoint Approach". Mathematics 11, n.º 3 (1 de fevereiro de 2023): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11030728.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Understanding human behavior in the decision-making process represents a challenge for researchers in the socio-economic field. The complexity comes from multiple criteria acting simultaneously. Hiring decisions are made on a set of criteria representing the attributes of the applicants. This study’s main objective is to investigate Romanian employers’ behavior when recruiting for jobs targeting graduates from economic studies. The method used to identify the weights employers assign to different skills was based on an experimental technique-choice based conjoint. A survey experiment was conducted to produce causal conclusions about the recruiting process. The estimation was performed with a methodology based on machine learning, which allows to investigate interactions between subjects’ characteristics and conjoint criteria. The findings of our experiment align with other studies pointing to the increased relevance of non-cognitive skills for employability. Additionally, our results show that criteria weights in hiring decisions depend on company size, ownership, activity sector or personal characteristics of the recruiter. Our research provides a mechanism for understanding employers’ perspectives. This is valuable for informing job seekers to adjust their job search strategies and to invest in the skills offering hiring opportunities. Moreover, universities can use the results to adapt their educational programs to labor market needs.
45
Moore, Nadia, Karen M. Detering, Tessa Low, Linda Nolte, Scott Fraser e Marcus Sellars. "Doctors’ perspectives on adhering to advance care directives when making medical decisions for patients: an Australian interview study". BMJ Open 9, n.º 10 (outubro de 2019): e032638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032638.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
ObjectiveAdvance care planning (ACP) assists people to identify their goals, values and treatment preferences for future care. Ideally, preferences are documented in an advance care directive (ACD) and used by doctors to guide medical decision-making should the patient subsequently lose their decision-making capacity. However, studies demonstrate that ACDs are not always adhered to by doctors in clinical practice. We aim to describe the attitudes and perspectives of doctors regarding ACD adherence and the utility of ACDs in clinical practice.DesignFace-to-face semistructured interviews were conducted using three case-based vignettes to explore doctors’ decision-making and attitudes towards ACDs. Transcripts were analysed using a thematic analysis.SettingDoctors from a variety of medical specialties and with varying experience levels were recruited from a large tertiary hospital in Melbourne, Australia.ParticipantsA total of 21 doctors were interviewed, 48% female (10/21). Most (19/21) reported having experience using ACDs.ResultsFour themes were identified: aligning with patient preferences (avoiding unwanted care, prioritising autonomy and anticipating family opposition), advocating best interests (defining futile care, relying on clinical judgement, rejecting unreasonable decisions and disregarding legal consequences), establishing validity (doubting rigour of the decision-making process, questioning patients’ ability to understand treatment decisions, distrusting outdated preferences and seeking confirmation) and translating written preferences into practice (contextualising patient preferences, applying subjective terminology and prioritising emergency medical treatment).ConclusionsACDs provide doctors with opportunities to align patient preferences with treatment and uphold patient autonomy. However, doctors experience decisional conflict when attempting to adhere to ACDs in practice, especially when they believe that adhering to the ACD is not in the patients’ best interests, or if they doubt the validity of the ACD. Future ACP programmes should consider approaches to improve the validity and applicability of ACDs. In addition, there is a need for ethical and legal education to support doctors’ knowledge and confidence in ACP and enacting ACDs.
46
Thomas, Aliki, e Rachel H. Ellaway. "Rethinking implementation science for health professions education: A manifesto for change". Perspectives on Medical Education 10, n.º 6 (10 de novembro de 2021): 362–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40037-021-00688-3.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
AbstractImplementation science approaches the challenges of translating evidence into practice as a matter of scientific inquiry. This conceptual paper uses an implementation science lens to examine the ways in which evidence from health professions education research is brought to bear on decision-making. The authors describe different decision-making contexts and the kinds of evidence they consider, and from this, they outline ways in which research findings might be better presented to support their translation into policy and practice. Reflecting on the nature of decision-making in health professions education and how decisions are made and then implemented in different health professions education contexts, the authors argue that researchers should align their work with the decision-making contexts that are most likely to make use of them. These recommendations reflect implementation science principles of packaging and disseminating evidence in ways that are meaningful for key stakeholders, that stem from co-creation of knowledge, that require or result in meaningful partnerships, and that are context specific and relevant.
47
Mochizuki, Yasuhiro, Norihiro Harasawa, Mayank Aggarwal, Chong Chen e Haruaki Fukuda. "Foraging in a non-foraging task: Fitness maximization explains human risk preference dynamics under changing environment". PLOS Computational Biology 20, n.º 5 (13 de maio de 2024): e1012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012080.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Changes in risk preference have been reported when making a series of independent risky choices or non-foraging economic decisions. Behavioral economics has put forward various explanations for specific effects on risk preference in non-foraging tasks, but a consensus regarding the general principle underlying these effects has not been reached. In contrast, recent studies have investigated human economic risky choices using tasks adapted from foraging theory, which require consideration of past choices and future opportunities to make optimal decisions. In these foraging tasks, human economic risky choices are explained by the ethological principle of fitness maximization, which naturally leads to dynamic risk preference. Here, we conducted two online experiments to investigate whether the principle of fitness maximization can explain risk preference dynamics in a non-foraging task. Participants were asked to make a series of independent risky economic decisions while the environmental richness changed. We found that participants’ risk preferences were influenced by the current and past environments, making them more risk-averse during and after the rich environment compared to the poor environment. These changes in risk preference align with fitness maximization. Our findings suggest that the ethological principle of fitness maximization might serve as a generalizable principle for explaining dynamic preferences, including risk preference, in human economic decision-making.
48
Schneeweiss, Sebastian, William H. Shrank, Michael Ruhl e Malcolm Maclure. "DECISION-MAKING ALIGNED WITH RAPID-CYCLE EVALUATION IN HEALTH CARE". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 31, n.º 4 (2015): 214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462315000410.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Background: Availability of real-time electronic healthcare data provides new opportunities for rapid-cycle evaluation (RCE) of health technologies, including healthcare delivery and payment programs. We aim to align decision-making processes with stages of RCE to optimize the usefulness and impact of rapid results. Rational decisions about program adoption depend on program effect size in relation to externalities, including implementation cost, sustainability, and likelihood of broad adoption.Methods: Drawing on case studies and experience from drug safety monitoring, we examine how decision makers have used scientific evidence on complex interventions in the past. We clarify how RCE alters the nature of policy decisions; develop the RAPID framework for synchronizing decision-maker activities with stages of RCE; and provide guidelines on evidence thresholds for incremental decision-making.Results: In contrast to traditional evaluations, RCE provides early evidence on effectiveness and facilitates a stepped approach to decision making in expectation of future regularly updated evidence. RCE allows for identification of trends in adjusted effect size. It supports adapting a program in midstream in response to interim findings, or adapting the evaluation strategy to identify true improvements earlier. The 5-step RAPID approach that utilizes the cumulating evidence of program effectiveness over time could increase policy-makers' confidence in expediting decisions.Conclusions: RCE enables a step-wise approach to HTA decision-making, based on gradually emerging evidence, reducing delays in decision-making processes after traditional one-time evaluations.
49
Letts, Penny. "Mental Capacity Act 2005: The Statutory Principles and Best Interests Test". International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law 1, n.º 13 (5 de setembro de 2014): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v1i13.177.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p align="LEFT">The Mental Capacity Act 2005, due for implementation in 2007, will create a new statutory framework intended to improve and clarify the decision-making process for people aged 16 and over who are unable to make decisions for themselves. Section 1 of the Act sets out five statutory principles intended to underline the provisions of the Act and guide its implementation and operation. The first part of this paper will look at the origins of each of the statutory principles. The second part will consider one of the principles – acting in the best interests of a person lacking capacity – in greater detail by looking at the requirements set out in the Act for determining a person’s best interests.</p>
50
Sudirjo, Frans, Ilham Akbar Bunyamin e Rival Pahrijal. "The Influence of Sustainable Marketing Innovation, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Consumer Preferences on Purchasing Decisions in Jakarta". West Science Social and Humanities Studies 2, n.º 04 (30 de abril de 2024): 610–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.58812/wsshs.v2i04.835.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This research investigates the impact of sustainable marketing innovation, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and consumer preferences on purchasing decisions among consumers in Jakarta, Indonesia. Through a quantitative approach, data were collected from 172 respondents and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicate significant positive relationships between sustainable marketing innovation, CSR, consumer preferences, and purchasing decisions. Specifically, sustainable marketing innovation and CSR were found to positively influence consumer preferences and subsequently impact purchasing decisions. These findings underscore the importance of sustainability and social responsibility in shaping consumer behavior and highlight the need for businesses to align their marketing strategies with consumer values to drive positive purchasing behavior. The study contributes to the existing literature on sustainable consumption and provides practical insights for businesses operating in emerging markets like Jakarta.