Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Déchets du BTP"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Déchets du BTP"
Baraud-Serfaty, Isabelle. "Les nouveaux partages de l’espace public". Le Visiteur N° 24, n.º 1 (1 de março de 2019): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/visit.024.0081.
Texto completo da fonteBouhamou, N., N. Belas, H. Mesbah, A. Mebrouki e Y. Ammar. "Étude du comportement à l’état frais des bétons autoplaçants à base de matériaux locaux". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 35, n.º 7 (julho de 2008): 653–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l07-134.
Texto completo da fontePerlot, Céline, Simon Baert, Julie Besombes e Fabien Nappey. "Nouveaux matériaux pour la construction de demain". Ébullition(s) : le cahier illustré de la recherche, 1 de setembro de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59655/na52122995490.
Texto completo da fonteTeses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Déchets du BTP"
Bae, Hae Ryong. "Stabilisation / solidification des déchets : évaluation environnementale des perspectives d'utilisation de scories Waelz en BTP". Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISALO009.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of these studies is the environmental evaluation of the WAELZ slag valorization (in a bulk state or •in substitution to granular). This evaluation needs the determination of wastes or waste materials leaching behavior in specified scenarii. Concerning the use of slag in bulk state we examined the scenario: embankment, filling and embanked road. The pollutants leaching behavior in bulk slag’s has been studied with different chemical backgrounds. This experimental study ha clearly shown that the species release is controlled by their solubility by the surrounding pH and by the nature of solid phases. Concerning the use of slags in partial replacement of granular in construction materials, we have also worked on three kinds of materials (mortar, concrete and sand cement) in which a part of granular is replaced by slag. The dynamic studies of monolithic materials release showed that soluble species release (Na, K, Ca) is well described by a diffusional phenomena and that principal pollutants are non detectable during distilled water leaching. The modelisation of the source term with percolation has been realized considering hydrodynamic model coupled with pollutant diffusion-dissolution model. The shrinking core model/flow with immobile zone is well adapted to describe calcium release. The characterization of phenomena and the identification of the characteristic parameters allow predicting the long term behavior of the material submitted to various leaching scenarii. This global study showed that the slag which was used had a good physical and chemical stability in contact with a concrete material. The use of slag in partial replacement of granular in construction material can be considered favorably
Laneyrie, Cléo. "Valorisation des déchets de chantiers du BTP : comportement à haute température des béton des granulats recyclés". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CERG0707/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn the past decade, constructions sites have been growing more than ever, and the aggregate production and importation are not sufficient any more to cover the needs in construction materials. The goal set in France is to re-use 20 more Mt each year of waste as recycled material for building sites before 2020.The objective of this experimental study is to assess the high temperature behavior of ordinary and high performance concrete made with recycled coarse aggregates (RCA). Concrete behavior at high temperature -expansion of aggregates, withdrawal of cement paste, increase of vapor pressure, chemical transformations...- can lead to several phenomena such as spalling, and a dramatic loss of mechanical properties. As aggregates occupy a large volume of concrete, around 60-80%, they play a major role in the heat and mass transfer into concrete during fire. Recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) being different from natural coarse aggregates (NCA) in many ways – higher porosity, double interfacial transition zone – it is essential to study recycled aggregate concrete behavior when submitted to high temperature.Two types of recycled coarse aggregates are used. An industrial one, obtained from a building demolition site and a laboratory one was obtained from a parent concrete (PC) mixed, cast and crushed in the laboratory. From both recycled aggregates, normal concrete (w/c = 0.6) and high performance concrete (w/c = 0.3) are cast. The four recycled concretes are compared to reference concretes, with the same formulation, made with silico-calcereous coarse natural aggregates. Concretes cylinders are subjected to heating/cooling cycles, up to 150, 300, 450 or 750°C. The heating rate is 0.5°C/min, and is followed by a 2 hours stage once the target temperature is reached, to insure an homogeneous temperature inside the cylinder. Cracks of concrete specimen are observed by optical microscopy, then their residual mechanical performances are measured (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and dynamic young modulus). Their thermal behavior (conductivity, diffusivity, specific heat, thermal gradient during heating), and the evolution of their microstructure (loss of weight, porosity) are also studied.The study is completed with a Life Cycle Analysis were the life cycle of 1m3 of concrete is studied according three options. A scenario without recycling, a scenario were demolition waste are recycled into aggregates in-situ, a scenario were demolition waste are recycled into aggregates and transported to another construction site
Gervais, Caroline. "Evaluation environnementale des perspectives de valorisation en BTP de scories de première fusion de plomb et de zinc". Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/1999ISAL0036/these.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThis research is in keeping with the general problematic of environmental assessment of porous materials containing wastes. The case of two primary lead and zinc slags, used as a partial substitute for sand in three materials (concrete, sand-cement and sand-bitumen), was studied. The developed methodology was based on the pre-standard ENV 12-920 and was designed to ensure both waste specific properties and scenario conditions. Within this methodology four steps have to be carried out to determine the leaching behavior of the material in the considered scenario (1) description of the scenario; (2) determination of the influence of fundamental parameters on leaching behavior; (3) description of environmental behavioral models; and, (4) field verification of predicted behavior. The release of lead and zinc from slags contained in the studied materials was strongly dependent on the pH evolution near the interface. The pH evolution near the interface resulted from material-scenario interactions
Dupont-Camara, Audrey. "« Déchets du BTP » et « Économie Circulaire » : de la matière déchue au matériau politique : saisir la matérialisation politique de la transition écologique en Occitanie à partir des déchets - matériaux de (dé)construction en circulation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Perpignan, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PERP0017.
Texto completo da fonteThis doctoral research aims to rehabilitate a processual approach to the Anthropocene, understood as a particular dynamic, based on evolving relationships with non-humans, with strong impacts on "global systemic effects" that are likely to restrict the possibility of humans to control the direction of local trajectories (Beau and Larrère, 2018). To this end, "construction waste" or waste-materials from (un)construction are problematized as "political matter" (Braun and Whatemore, 2010; Pilo' and Jaffe, 2020), both physical and discursive (Rudolf, 2012), invested by diverse actors at different scales and at the center of power games. Through the sociology of associations (Latour, 2007), the material and relational reading (Blanc et al., 2020) proposed here includes all the social groups linked by these physical or discursive materials: those who interact directly with these wastes or materials; those who decide or are responsible for their management; those who talk about them and mobilize around their management. Beyond the sociotechnical aspect, the im/material circulations narrative (Choplin, 2020; Quet, 2022) of these waste-materials demonstrated their political character and their socialization around the issues of illegal dumping and industrial pollution on a local scale. In a context of transition to the Circular Economy announced by ecological policies (LTECV law of 2015; AGEC law of 2020), the entry through circulating materials then made visible the contemporary dynamics of globalization (Abélès, 2008) of the Circular Economy referential in both waste and construction circles. We can thus observe the thematic shifts from one political strategy to another on a (supra)national scale, as well as the complex, long and winding translation work (Akrich et al., 2013) carried out by regional players in order to take control of these issues. Moving from policy to action, this work focuses on the public action in being of transition to Circular Economy in building sector on a regional scale. This analysis dissociates substance from form, distinguishing between the political trajectories of ecological transitions (from more circular waste management to the transition of construction practices), and the operating methods chosen by stakeholders (leadership, financial support, networking). Through a individuation movement (Abélès, 2008) within the Region Occitania, this thesis examines the singular political strategy of this actor and the transformations observed in ecological action - here related to "building waste". From a holistic perspective, the final objective is to qualify what "acting for ecology" means for this local authority whose ecological public action is in its infancy but innovative (Laboratoire des Transitions and Pacte Vert pour l'Occitanie). In this way, analysis through institutional and socio-ecological transitions (Carrère et al., 2019) made it possible to investigate the rise in competence and materialization of an ecological policy within the Region Occitania, which was based on the territorialization of Circular Economy policies introduced on a regional scale by the theme of waste
Mongeard, Laetitia. "Des gravats dans la ville : Pour une approche matérielle de la démolition". Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2137.
Texto completo da fonteWhile the city is renewing itself upon its own foundations, the process and operations inherent in this phenomenon produce a quantity of waste equivalent, if not superior, to domestic waste in the case of France. Among this demolition waste, we find rubble, piled up in mountains on emblematic work sites or shapeless piles on the side of the road in unauthorised dumps. The issue of the future of these heavy materials is regulated within a framework that demands their reuse. In urban construction, waste tends to be seen more and more as a possible deposit, an alternative to natural ressources, thinking in terms of territorial metabolism and circular economy. By studying the case of the Lyonnais conurbation, this thesis studies the process of production of this rubble, a potential secondary raw material. Demolition - an issue mainly associated with engineering science and to a lesser extent with social science and humanities including geography - is comprehended in its materiality, through the monitoring of rubble, based on a sample of work sites. Considering in turns the production of rubble and its flow, as well as the organisation and functioning of the system brought into play, this thesis examines how demolition waste can participate in urban construction. Unlike other waste, that are subjected to institutionalised treatment to fit the legal frame, rubble is considered a relative, inert waste, whose reuse depends on technical and spatial practices - mainly on a local level - from the very beginning of the demolition process. This demolition process is therefore decisive since it is responsible for the future of these materials. That process relies on a whole sector dedicated to “deconstruction”, facing challenges to adapt to a global economic context while dealing with an old activity, deeply rooted on a local level. The use of rubble in urban construction also involves reuses based on proximity. However, the implementation of a clear structuring and hierarchisation of the materials, as well as what can be done with them, seems necessary considering the sometimes conflicting interests at stake. The system transforming rubble into secondary raw materials is currently developing ans shows that its main goal will be the coordination of actors and already existing practices
Rakotoniaina, Volana Astérie. "Co-méthanisation des déchets fermiers et alimentaires : expérimentation et modélisation". Thesis, La Réunion, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LARE0013/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe two main objectives of this thesis are to develop theoretical and experimental aspects of the anaerobic co-digestion of farm wastes associated with food. Our general studies have for objectives the elimination as much as possible the maximum of organic waste into non-hazardous landfills, reduce pollution of natural environments (water, soil, air) by the effluent livestock, sewage sludge, and dispose of energy via the produced biogas.Firstly, we carried out experiments on the anaerobic co-digestion of the liquid effluents association (pig slurry, sewage sludge, vinasse effluents) and the mixture of animal slurries, manures, and food waste. The aim of these experiments was to follow the evolution of the reactor behavior according to the component of the co-digested mixture.Secondly, BMP tests of mixture of association several types of organic waste under different physical condition (liquid, semi liquid, pasty, solid) were carried out. We have been tried to know, which proportion of each mono-substrate will give the best BMP among waste to mix? We used a statistical tool, the mixture design to define the mixtures to be tested. For a mixture with 3 components (cow dung, pig slurry, food waste), the optimum number of experiments to realize was 13.The realization of the mixture design, i.e. the experiment series on the anaerobic co-digestion of the 13 proposed mixtures enabled us to observe that the BMP of a mixture firstly depends on its texture (physical state) at the entry of the process. A mixture containing a maximum in proportion in liquid substrate (pig slurry) associated with food waste gave us the best biogas and methane potential. This observation was confirmed by the conversion rate of dry matter to volatile solid (VS) of the mixture. These results were proven by the activity (synergism, antagonism) of mixtures components influencing to BMP tests.The empiric law defined to predict the BMP of a mixture must to account the rate of VS/DM of a mixture, and the interactions between components of the mixture. This law must also include the positive effect (synergism) and negative (antagonism) between components of the mixture. This law has been defined in order to predict the potential methane mixtures of cow dung, pig slurry and food wastes and being within the experimental domain defined by the limits on minimum and maximum proportions of each component of the mixture. However, this definite law is applicable only to the mixtures of cow dung, pig slurry and food waste. The definite law is limited for prediction of mixtures BMP. However, this empiric law can not be used to follow reactor process. Model with three stages (hydrolysis of soluble substrate, acidogenic production stage and methanogenic stage) was used to predict daily and cumulative of biogas and methane production of anaerobic digestion of farm waste associated with vegetable waste. This model must be adapted with substrate type used and experimentations conditions (batch and mesophilic conditions). An adjustment of the model equations describing hydrolysis polymers stage was necessary in order to take into account of the concentration of polymers in particulate forms contained in complex substrates such as manure, slurry, and vegetable food waste. This adapted model was called model of Coupling. Indeed, a calibration of the most influential parameters of the model of Coupling, on the output must be carried out in order to validate the model.Daily and cumulative predictions of biogas and methane production of anaerobic digestion of farm waste associated with food waste were obtained by using adapted dynamical model. Model parameters values depend on the substrate type using in experimentation processes. Moreover, parameters values must be verified, needing further work
Lebon, Édouard. "Optimisation de la méthanisation sèche des déchets ménagers". Thesis, La Réunion, 2019. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/19_43_ELebon.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteIt is urgent to define effective and coherent solutions to the problems of waste management in Reunion Island, while respecting the island's environment, whose soil and water resources are under great strain. One solution for organic waste management of human or animal origin is anaerobic digestion (AD). Overall, the volumes of waste collected by the various local authorities on Reunion Island are constantly increasing. Storage and treatment centres are struggling to keep up with this trend due to land and regulatory constraints. On Reunion Island, the volume of household waste is 313 kg/inhabitant/year. However, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) collected has a significant potential for AD that needs to be examined in detail in order to determine the conditions for recovery by biogas production. The aim of this work is to study in scientifically and technically the potential development of the dry AD of OFMSW in Reunion Island. For this purpose, a first work of characterisation of household waste has been carried out on the territory of Reunion Island. Next, the methane potential of the OFMSW was determined experimentally following a mixing plan to highlight the synergistic effect of the different types of OFMSW. In addition, a kinetic model for methane production, a predictive model and a modification of the ADM1 model were developed
Baccot, Camille. "Etude du potentiel de valorisation énergétique ou matière de composés organiques extraits de lixiviats de déchets ménagers". Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0107/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe management of municipal solid waste leachates (MSWL) is technically and economically restrictive. It thus should be interesting to consider this effluent no more as a waste but rather as a partially valorizable “co-product”. The dissolved organic matter (DOM) is one of the major components of MSWL and presents a twofold interest: a high load and comparable processes of transformation to those of natural organic matter (NOM).This study thus aimed at extracting the DOM from MWSL according to its hydrophobic character and identifying ways of valorization. Only hydrophobic (HPO*) and transphilic (TPH*) fractions were considered because of their characteristics and reactivity. Two different ways of valorization were investigated: energetic valorization and enrichment of a soil with low content in organic carbon (Corg).The characterization of HPO* and TPH* fractions and their comparison with fractions of NOM confirmed their high valorizable potential. Indeed, they are physically and chemically comparable to NOM, they can be quantified at concentrations up to 1000 times higher than NOM (high extraction potential when compared to environmental matrices such as surface water), and they are more easily biodegradable than NOM without any phytotoxic character.An optimized BMP test was first developed by using an experimental design to adapt the experimental conditions to the digestion of MSWL. It was then applied in different conditions to highlight the impact of the hydrophobic character of the DOM of MSWL on the anaerobic digestion, and mainly on methane production. According to the results, the transphilic-like organic molecules improve the biogas production. Besides, the hydrophilic-like compounds with low aromatic character decrease the methane content of the produced biogas contrary to the hydrophobic fraction.Finally, organic fractions extracted from MSWL were relevant to enrich soil with low content in organic carbon. The HPO* fraction better improves the Corg content when compared to the TPH* fraction whereas transphilic-like molecules enhances the soil biological activity.With the results of this research study, the HPO* and TPH* fractions extracted from a MSWL can thus be considered both to produce biogas and particularly methane and to be amended on soils. Their extraction can thus be economically viable and their treatment no more highly costly
Ladaoui, Wahid. "Etude expérimentale du comportement Thermo-Hydro-Mécanique à long terme des BHP destinés aux ouvrages de stockage des déchets radioactifs". Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1160/.
Texto completo da fonteThe knowledge of the delayed behaviour of concrete at moderate temperature is necessary to understand the serviceability of structures under long term heating. It is in particular necessary for the feasibility study of future storage structures for Intermediate Level Long-Life Nuclear Wastes repository. The main objective of our study is an experimental quantification and a better understanding of the phenomena leading to the delayed deformations in the range of 20°C-50°C-80°C. Four types of High Performances Concretes with two Self Compacting mixes with fibres have been chosen. The experimental campaign includes tests during several months at 20°C-50°C-80°C, under autogenous and desiccation conditions. The samples were firstly stored under two curing types : saturated and autogenous. The results show the influence of concrete mixes, the fibres, and storage conditions on the amplification phenomenon of creep with temperature. The creep amplitudes are increased in a range between 2 to 3 with a temperature increase from 20°C up to 50°C. This increase can reach a value superior to 5 from 20°C to 80°C. The modelling of some creep results in temperature is presented, allowing to quantify the activation energy of creep and to propose some explanations to the various phenomena revealed during the tests, in particular the coupling between the creep and shrinkage at the various temperatures