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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Cycling – History – 19th century"

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Halberg, F., G. Cornélissen, K. H. Bernhardt, M. Sampson, O. Schwartzkopff e D. Sonntag. "Egeson's (George's) transtridecadal weather cycling and sunspots". History of Geo- and Space Sciences 1, n.º 2 (1 de setembro de 2010): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hgss-1-49-2010.

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Abstract. In the late 19th century, Charles Egeson, a map compiler at the Sydney Observatory, carried out some of the earliest research on climatic cycles, linking them to about 33-year cycles in solar activity, and predicted that a devastating drought would strike Australia at the turn of the 20th century. Eduard Brückner and William J. S. Lockyer, who, like Egeson, found similar cycles, with notable exceptions, are also, like the map compiler, mostly forgotten. But the transtridecadal cycles are important in human physiology, economics and other affairs and are particularly pertinent to ongoing discusions of climate change. Egeson's publication of daily weather reports preceded those officially recorded. Their publication led to clashes with his superiors and his personal life was marked by run-ins with the law and, possibly, an implied, but not proven, confinement in an insane asylum and premature death. We here track what little is known of Egeson's life and of his bucking of the conventional scientific wisdom of his time with tragic results.
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Quin, Grégory, Philippe Vonnard, Gil Mayencourt e Sébastien Cala. "La fabrique des sports nationaux. A History of the Swiss sporting elite (late 19th-early 20th century)". Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) 8, n.º 2 (14 de fevereiro de 2023): 079. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/2023.2ciss079.

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The present contribution presents the results of the eponymous research project, which focuses on the understanding of the genesis and structure of the Swiss sports field between the 1860s and the 1930s. During this period, national umbrella organisations for all physical activities and sports developed. Within the framework of this project, which focuses on several sports (gymnastics, shooting, national games, football and cycling, with the addition of skiing on the basis of related doctoral work), we will present our main results, in particular on the organisations in charge of the governance of the sports identified as central, in order to shed light on the struggles but also on the links that were to be forged between them, as well as to question the recruitment, the profiles and the motivations of their leading elites. Based on the collection and analysis of unpublished documentation, especially prosopographical, this project brings to light a double original process to which the space of physical and sports activities is subjected: on the one hand, that of sportivisation, on the other hand, that of nationalisation. In the framework of this contribution, we will present a selection of emblematic cases of presidents of Swiss sports federations, at the time of the Fin-de-Siècle and up to the interwar period, o compare the different traditions existing in the studied sports and to underline the processes leading to the status of “national sports”.
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Plath, Ulrike, Elle-Mari Talivee, Kadri Tüür e Aet Annist. "Loodusmõttest aktivismini: saateks keskkondluse erinumbrile / From Nature Contemplation to Activism: A Special Issue on Environmentalism". Methis. Studia humaniora Estonica 24, n.º 30 (13 de dezembro de 2022): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/methis.v24i30.22100.

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The introduction to the special issue of Methis on Estonian environmentalism provides an overview of the phenomenon of environmentalism and its spread across political periods, economic formations, and regions. The essay starts by contextualising the central concepts of the issue, ‘environmentalism’ and its possible translation into Estonian as ‘keskkondlus’, and its relationship with the concept of ‘nature’. At the end of the 1980s, amidst a deepening awareness of environmental crisis, some authors announced ‘nature’ to have met its end. While this end has become widely accepted within environmental discourse, the approach clashes with the traditional thinking about the beauty of nature and its strong bonds with national identities. To foster discussion and to bridge the discursive and ideological gap between the two perceptions, the authors of the articles use the concept as an umbrella term for both paradigms. The second part of the introductory article discusses East European environmentalism, drawing attention to the research into erroneous assumptions regarding the lack of environmental activism within the Soviet Union. Before its brief heyday in the 1980s, East European environmentalism was hidden within economy, policy, society and culture. However, its roots went deeper, reaching back to 18th- and 19th-century thought, to Baltic German – and later Estonian – early voluntary associations and the value seen in the homeland and its natural objects. The founding of animal and nature protection societies in the late 19th century was an early practical outcome, and similar thought became pronounced in print culture. In early 20th century, several nature protection areas were established, and people became avid consumers of popular science journals – an interest that would continue throughout the Soviet period. The 1970s saw an environmental movement to protect the wetlands of Estonia which were in danger of being drained. Throughout the 20th century, also fiction reflected the prevailing views of nature and emerging concerns about the environment. The issue’s opening article by Ulrike Plath and Kaarel Vanamölder takes us back to the 17th century to demonstrate the possibility of climate movements more than three centuries ago. This is followed by Karl Hein’s case study that depicts in detail the emergence of animal protection in Estonia a hundred years ago in the context of local and regional history. The next four articles focus on different aspects of environmental movements in the Soviet period. Elle-Mari Talivee retells the story of the peculiar character of Atom-Boy created by the childrens’ author Vladimir Beekman who depicts in this form the various developments in the Soviet nuclear industry. This example from children’s literature is paralleled by similar environmental concerns expressed in visual arts, as outlined in Linda Kaljundi’s article. In a more theoretical take on liberal and autocratic environmental protection, Viktor Pál discusses the Soviet propagandistic use of environmental issues. Olev Liivik contextualises the protests against phosphorite mining in the 1970–80s within the wider trends in the Soviet Union, including the practice of sending letters of complaint to the media, and the various waves of environmental dissent. The discussion of a more compact case of the so-called Green Cycling Tours by Tambet Muide demonstrates the same increasingly oppositional stance that took hold in the 1980s. Regarding the post-Soviet era, Tõnno Jonuks, Lona Päll, Atko Remmel and Ulla Kadakas analyse the various conflicts that have emerged around natural and cultural objects protected by law since the 1990s. In the freestanding article of the issue, Raili Lass writes on interlinguistic and intersemiotic procedures of translation in the theatre but, as our introductory essay suggests, points of convergence may be found here with the discussion of staging of conflicts in environmental protection. In the “Theory in Translation” section Timothy Morton’s classic discussion of environmentalism is published in Ene-Reet Soovik’s translation, accompanied by introductory remarks from the translator and Kadri Tüür. The final part of the issue’s introduction offers a comparative and interdisciplinary take on the themes discussed. The revelatory nature of historical events of any era, especially natural disasters or the conditions of their unfolding, uncovers the socio-environmental relations that push people to respond. Whether or not such responses become environmental movements depends on the context that either recognises or ignores human embeddedness in the environment. Searching for such parallels connects 21st century climate activism and 17th century upheavals, animal protection in the 1920s and a hundred years later. The Soviet period allows a simultaneous scrutiny of both the limited and ideological take on the apparent lack of Soviet environmentalism as well as the methodological challenges of finding the footprints of hidden awareness and activism. Unearthing this from literature, art and the restrained presence of expert voices also provides an explanation to the sudden explosion of activism in the 1980s. The silence of the next decades further proves that there is nothing obvious in the ways in which environmentalism can take hold of society, which demands precise and detailed inquiry such as provided by the authors of this special issue.
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Driel, Lodewijk van. "19th-century linguistics". Historiographia Linguistica 15, n.º 1-2 (1 de janeiro de 1988): 155–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.15.1-2.09dri.

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Summary In this paper an attempt has been made to draw a picture of linguistics in the Netherlands during the 19th century. The aim of this survey is to make clear that the influence of German linguistics on Dutch works of the period is characteristic of the development of Dutch linguistics in that century. Emphasis has been placed on the period 1800–1870; three traditions are distinguished: First of all there is the tradition of prescriptive grammar and language instruction. Next attention is drawn to the tradition of historical-comparative linguistics. Finally, by about the middle of the century, the linguistic views of German representatives of general grammar become prominent in Dutch school grammars. Successively we point to the reception by the schoolmasters of K. F. Becker’s (1775–1849) work; then Taco Roorda (1801–1874) is discussed, and the relationship between L. A. te Winkel (1809–1868) and H. Steinthal (1823–1899) is presented. In conjunction with Roorda’s work on Javanese the analysis of the so-called exotic languages is mentioned, an aspect of Dutch linguistics in the 19th century closely connected with the Dutch East Indies. It is obvious that the German theme is one of the most conspicuous common elements in 19th-century Dutch linguistics, as Dutch intellectuals in many respects took German culture as a model.
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Wilson, Robin. "19th-Century Mathematical Physics". Mathematical Intelligencer 40, n.º 4 (17 de setembro de 2018): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00283-018-9836-0.

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Rockenbach, Stephen, e William L. Barney. "A Companion to 19th-Century America". Journal of Southern History 74, n.º 4 (1 de novembro de 2008): 957. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27650332.

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Batinić, Štefka. "Croatian Pedagogy in the 19th Century". Review of Croatian history 19, n.º 1 (20 de dezembro de 2023): 161–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22586/rch.v19i1.28480.

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The transfer of European pedagogical ideas and practices to Croatia during the 19th century, when the Croatian pedagogy was being established, could be observed at three basic levels: at the level of formal pedagogical education of teachers, at the level of scholarly texts on pedagogy and the level of studying and professional development abroad.Teachers had a pivotal role in the development of the practice and theory of pedagogy, which was important to them for the improvement of their teaching, as well as for their professional identity. For that reason, they were initiating publication of subject-specific journals, writing textbooks on pedagogy and translating European pedagogy classics to Croatian. The publishing activity of the Croatian Pedagogical-Literary Assembly had a major influence on the appearance of scholarly texts on pedagogy. Immediately upon its establishment in 1871, it initiated an editorial series Knjižnica za učitelje (Library for Teachers), within which 54 volumes were published by 1917, including the translations of the works by major pedagogy authors, such as Comenius (Didaktika, 1871, Informatorijum za školu materinsku, 1886, Velika didaktika, 1900), Spencer (Nauk ob uzgoju, 1883), Rousseau (Emil ili ob uzgoju, 1887-1889), Pestalozzi (Miroslav i Bogoljuba, 1891) and Rabelais (Misli o uzgoju, 1894).The Croatian Pedagogical-Literary Assembly also published a compilation of pedagogical textbooks by Stjepan Basariček – Uzgojoslovje (1880), Povijest pedagogije (1881), Obće obukoslovje (1882) i Posebno obukoslovje (1884). His textbooks were theoretically based on the works of the German pedagogue Johann Friedrich Herbart (1776-1841) and were used in teacher education schools, with some revisions and new editions, until the 1920s.
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Su, Wen-yang, Hao-rong Lin e Anastasia Kabachkova. "A review of the development history of exercise physiology". OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2022, n.º 12-3 (1 de dezembro de 2022): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202212statyi92.

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This article attempts to organize the development history and course of exercise physiology. The authors take the initial enlightenment stage, the end of the 18th century to the middle of the 19th century, the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, and the 1920s to the 1940s as the time nodes.
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Kahlow, Andreas. "Materials in 19th century Germany". History and Technology 7, n.º 3-4 (julho de 1991): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07341519108581779.

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Nicholls, E. Henry. "Snaphots of 19th-century science". Endeavour 29, n.º 3 (setembro de 2005): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2005.07.003.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Cycling – History – 19th century"

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Mayo-Bobee, Dinah. "Shaping the Nation: Early 19th Century America". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/731.

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Bloom, Kelly. "Orientalism in French 19th Century Art". Thesis, Boston College, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/477.

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Thesis advisor: Jeffery Howe
The Orient has been a mythical, looming presence since the foundation of Islam in the 7th century. It has always been the “Other” that Edward Said wrote about in his 1979 book Orientalism. The gulf of misunderstanding between the myth and the reality of the Near East still exists today in the 21st century. Napoleon's invasion of Egypt in 1798 and the subsequent colonization of the Near East is perhaps the defining moment in the Western perception of the Near East. At the beginning of modern colonization, Napoleon and his companions arrived in the Near East convinced of their own superiority and authority; they were Orientalists. The supposed superiority of Europeans justified the colonization of Islamic lands. Said never specifically wrote about art; however, his theories on colonialism and Orientalism still apply. Linda Nochlin first made use of them in her article “The Imaginary Orient” from 1983. Artists such as Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Eugène Delacroix and Jean-Léon Gérôme demonstrate Said's idea of representing the Islamic “Other” as a culturally inferior and backward people, especially in their portrayal of women. The development of photography in the late 19th century added another dimension to this view of the Orient, with its seemingly objective viewpoint
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2004
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Fine Arts
Discipline: College Honors Program
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Schulz, Carsten-Andreas. "On the standing of states : Latin America in nineteenth-century international society". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:05459d05-0dfa-4220-bbdc-42e3df63d71a.

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The present dissertation offers a critical examination of the place accorded to Latin American states in the English School account of the expansion of international society. It pursues two aims. First, the study contributes to understanding the nature and scope of international order, and its historical transformation over the course of the 'long nineteenth century'. Because of the profound impact that European colonization had on the region, the English School has conventionally treated the entry of Latin American states into international society as an unproblematic historical fact achieved with diplomatic recognition in the 1820s. The crucial cases of Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico, however, indicate that more attention needs to the paid to the hierarchical nature of the international order. The central argument of this historical-comparative study posits that the three Latin American states were recognized diplomatically, but they were not regarded as fully-fledged members of the community of 'civilized' states. Second, the dissertation examines the implications of hierarchy in international politics. Building on a critique of the legal-formalist conception of 'standing' in English School theorizing, three ideal-typical dimensions of international stratification are identified: the distribution of material capabilities (stature), the function states perform in international society (role), and estimations of honour and prestige (status) among states. The interpretative framework sheds light on how agents understand international society, and the way in which they deal with its hierarchical nature. The study analyzes how Latin American elites perceived the standing of their state, and how these perceptions shaped politics through their corresponding 'logics of social action'. The study finds that nineteenth-century elites in Argentina, Mexico, and Brazil conceived of the standing of their states predominantly in terms of status, and demonstrates how these perceptions informed politics.
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Schneider, Ulrich Johannes. "Teaching the history of philosophy in 19th-century Germany". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-161196.

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What does it mean to do philosophy historically, and when does the legend of philosophy begin? When Hegel tried to give a logical explanation of philosophy's history, was he doing the same thing as Eduard Zeller in his account of Creek thought, or Kuno Fischer in his narrative of modern philosophy? l do not believe so, and I shall sugges t in the following that we should carefully differentiate between the different activities commonly referred to as the history of philosophy. I will point out the enormous productivity of the 19th century in terms of printed books devoted to the history of philosophy. I will also point to the context in which these were produced and used rather than examining individual works or authors. There is an entirely new context in the 19th century, which is the study of philosophy. A proper culture developed around the historical interest in philosophy, and it is this culture I want to sketch here.
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Schneider, Ulrich Johannes. "Teaching the history of philosophy in 19th-century Germany". Teaching new histories of philosophy / ed. by J. B. Schneewind. Princeton 2004, S. 275 - 295 ISBN 0-9763726-0-6, 2004. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A12120.

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What does it mean to do philosophy historically, and when does the legend of philosophy begin? When Hegel tried to give a logical explanation of philosophy''s history, was he doing the same thing as Eduard Zeller in his account of Creek thought, or Kuno Fischer in his narrative of modern philosophy? l do not believe so, and I shall sugges t in the following that we should carefully differentiate between the different activities commonly referred to as the history of philosophy. I will point out the enormous productivity of the 19th century in terms of printed books devoted to the history of philosophy. I will also point to the context in which these were produced and used rather than examining individual works or authors. There is an entirely new context in the 19th century, which is the study of philosophy. A proper culture developed around the historical interest in philosophy, and it is this culture I want to sketch here.
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Bennett, Joshua Maxwell Redford. "Doctrine, progress and history : British religious debate, 1845-1914". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:299ba472-2a9c-488c-a8de-12ac55acc4ea.

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Religion and history became closely related in new ways in the Victorian imagination. This thesis asks why this was so, by focusing on arguments within British Protestant culture over progress and development in the history of Christianity. In an intellectual movement approximately beginning with the 1845 publication of John Henry Newman's 'Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine', and powerfully spreading and developing until the earlier years of the twentieth century, British intellectuals came to treat the history of religion - both as a past and present process, and as a didactic genre - as a vital element of broader attempts to stabilise or reconstruct religious belief and social order. Religious revivalists, determined to use church history as a raw material for the inculcation of exclusive confessional identities and dogmatic theology, were highly successful in pressing it on the attention of early Victorian audiences. But they proved unable to control its meaning. Historians rose to prominence who instead interpreted the history of Christianity as a guide to how religious culture, which many treated as indistinguishable from society as a whole, might eventually supersede denominational and dogmatic divisions. Humanity's spiritual development in time, which numerous British critics assessed with the aid of German Idealist thought, also became an attractive apologetic resource as the epistemological basis of Christian belief came under unprecedented public challenge. A major part of that danger was perceived to come from rival, avowedly secularising interpretations of human social progress. Such accounts - the ancestors of twentieth-century secularisation theory - were vigorously opposed by historians who understood modernity as involving not the decline, but the purification of Christianity. By exploring the ways in which Victorian critics - clerical and lay, religious and secular - approached religious history as a resource for solving the problems of their own age, this thesis offers a new way of understanding the importance of history, claims to knowledge, and the nature and ends of 'liberalism' in the long nineteenth century.
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Milewicz, Przemysław. "Visions of nation in Poland, 1815-1831". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609456.

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Ng, Kin-yuen. "Constitutional developments in China and Japan from the mid 19th century to the early 20th century". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13280181.

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Tucker, Emily K. "Extant gas boom industrial buildings in East Central Indiana, 1890-1910 : a case study of five cities : Anderson, Elwood, Kokomo, Marion, and Muncie". Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1273163.

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The industrial era in East Central Indiana began largely due to the discovery of gas, which in turn brought in many of the industries that would sustain the area during the gas boom and those years following the end of gas supplies. This thesis documents several surviving industrial buildings from the gas boom, including their history, the industrial processes that occurred in these buildings, the general factory layout, and finally the current status of the factories. Studying the industrial buildings from this period in Indiana history helps to shed light on the important role that these industries play in the development of the cities and towns in the gas belt. In addition to this, the thesis gives a documentation of one of Indiana’s rapidly disappearing resources.
Department of Architecture
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Couton, Philippe. "The institutional participation of French and immigrant workers in 19th-century France /". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36901.

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Recent theories of the social consequences of institutions point to aspects of class and ethnic relations that are not fully captured by conventional institutional perspectives. Using some of these recent theoretical contributions, this thesis analyzes the influence of institutional conditions on the mobilization of French and immigrant workers in late 19th-century northern France. Two main institutional structures are discussed: France's unique network of labour courts, and the socialist cooperatives created by Flemish workers in the 1880s. The empirical, chiefly archival evidence suggests two main conclusions: labour movements emerged and evolved strongly influenced by the judicial framing of labour relations, which they in turn sought to use and modify to their advantage; the institutional innovation of Flemish immigrant workers had a durable influence on the organization of labour politics in northern France, and contributed to their integration as active social and political participants.
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Livros sobre o assunto "Cycling – History – 19th century"

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Willard, Frances Elizabeth. How I learned to ride the bicycle: Reflections of an influential 19th century woman. Sunnyvale, Calif: Fair Oaks Pub., 1991.

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Macdonald, Fiona. 19th century Europe: Women in History. London: Chrysalis, 2003.

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Michael, Gibson. 19th century lustreware. [Woodbridge]: Antique Collectors' Club, 1999.

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Phyllis, Freeman, e McKee Bob, eds. 19th-century sculpture. New York: Abrams, 1985.

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1913-, Janson H. W., ed. 19th century art. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2005.

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Hawkins, J. B. 19th century Australian silver. Woodbridge, Suffolk, England: Antique Collectors' Club, 1990.

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Kalman, Bobbie. 19th century clothing. New York: Crabtree Pub. Co., 1993.

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Kalman, Bobbie. 19th century clothing. New York: Crabtree Pub. Co., 1993.

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Payne, Christopher. 19th century European furniture. 2a ed. Woodbridge: Antique Collectors' Club, 1985.

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Muharska, Ralitsa, e Rositsa Ishpekova. The contemporary 19th century. Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press, 2015.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Cycling – History – 19th century"

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Hall, Robert A. "19th-Century Italian". In The History of Linguistics in Italy, 227. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sihols.33.11jal.

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Driel, Lodewijk van. "19th-Century Linguistics". In The History of Linguistics in the Low Countries, 221. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sihols.64.10dri.

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Roberts, Adam. "Early 19th-Century SF". In The History of Science Fiction, 121–49. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56957-8_6.

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Vannatta, Seth. "The 19th Century and History". In Conservatism and Pragmatism, 57–73. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137466839_4.

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Gallarotti, Giulio M. "The 19th century conferences". In A History of International Monetary Diplomacy, 1867 to the Present, 49–75. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315732435-3.

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Green, Michael D., e Theda Perdue. "Native-American History". In A Companion to 19th-Century America, 209–22. Malden, Massachusetts, USA: Blackwell Publishers Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470998472.ch16.

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Kay, A. Barry. "Landmarks in Allergy during the 19th Century". In History of Allergy, 21–26. Basel: S. KARGER AG, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000358477.

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Franco, Raquel Campos, Lili Wang, Pauric O’Rourke, Beth Breeze, Jan Künzl, Chris Govekar, Chris Govekar et al. "Civil Society History V: 19th Century". In International Encyclopedia of Civil Society, 358–61. New York, NY: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4_529.

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DiCristina, Bruce. "Criminology in 19th-Century France". In The Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Criminology, 67–83. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119011385.ch4.

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Poettinger, Monika. "Economic crises in 19th-century Italy". In Metaphors in the History of Economic Thought, 21–50. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003144601-3.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Cycling – History – 19th century"

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Ismail, Amnah Saay, B. Jalal, M. Md Saman e Wan Kamal Mujani. "19th Century Pahang Islamic Scholars in 'A History of Pahang'". In 2017 International Conference on Education, Economics and Management Research (ICEEMR 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceemr-17.2017.49.

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NECHITA, Constantin. "DECLINE HISTORY OF OAKS IN 20TH CENTURY FOR ROMANIAN EXTRA-CARPATHIAN REGIONS". In 19th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/3.2/s14.087.

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Badaeva, Larisa Alaudinovna, Iman Salmirzaevna Batsaeva e Fatima Getagashevna Kunacheva. "On History Of Idea Of Federal Union With Highlanders In 19Th Century". In International Conference on Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism. European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.11.245.

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Tleubekova, G. "Late 19th – early 20th century European travelers account of the nomadic people of Central Asia". In Scientific dialogue: Questions of philosophy, sociology, history, political science. ЦНК МОАН, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/spc-01-07-2020-05.

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Hartatik, Hartatik, Eko Herwanto e Bambang S. W. Atmojo. "The Industry and Iron Trade on Barito Watershed in 17th-19th Century AD". In 9th Asbam International Conference (Archeology, History, & Culture In The Nature of Malay) (ASBAM 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220408.007.

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Stansfield, Billy, e William B. Ouimet. "HISTORY, MAPPING, AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 18TH – 19TH CENTURY RELICT CHARCOAL HEARTHS IN EASTERN CONNECTICUT". In 54th Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019ne-328410.

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Korjova, Elena Yu, e Alexander S. Stebenev. "The late 19th-early 20th century history of psychological education: Training psychology teachers in theological academies". In The Herzen University Conference on Psychology in Education. Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33910/herzenpsyconf-2021-4-32.

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Карасева, И. С. "THE HISTORY OF RUSSIA IN THE THEATRICAL ART OF THE EARLY XIX CENTURY". In Месмахеровские чтения — 2024 : материалы междунар. науч.-практ. конф., 21– 22 марта 2024 г. : сб. науч. ст. / ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургская государственная художественно-промышленная академия имени А. Л. Штиглица». Crossref, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54874/9785605162926.2024.10.21.

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В России начало XIX в.— время коренных изменений в области театральнодекорационного искусства. В ходе нашего исследования будут рассмотрены постановки, которые можно объединить темой истории России, интерес к которой намечался еще в конце XVIII в. Однако историческая точность и достоверность зачастую приносятся в жертву ради сценического эффекта. Целью работы является выявление тенденций, отличающих театрально- декорационное искусство начала XIX в. The beginning of the 19th century in Russia was a time of fundamental changes in the theatrical art. In the course of our research, we will consider productions that can be united by the theme of the history of Russia, interest in which began at the end of the 18th century. However, historical accuracy and authenticity are often sacrificed for the sake of theatrical effect. The purpose of the work is to identify trends that distinguish theatrical art of the early 19th century.
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Shaidurov, Vladimir. "MIGRATIONS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF THE NORTHERN ASIAN POPULATION IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY". In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on ANTHROPOLOGY, ARCHAEOLOGY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b31/s10.068.

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Mitina, Rimma. "STAGES OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF OFFICIAL PERIODICALS IN RUSSIAN PROVINCES IN THE 19TH CENTURY (FOR EXAMPLE NEWSPAPERS PERM PROVINCIAL GAZETTE)". In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on ANTHROPOLOGY, ARCHAEOLOGY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b31/s10.076.

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Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Cycling – History – 19th century"

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Flandreau, Marc, Stefano Pietrosanti e Carlotta Schuster. Why do Sovereign Borrowers Post Collateral? Evidence from the 19th Century. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, outubro de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp167.

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This paper explores the reasons why sovereign borrowers post collateral. Such behavior is paradoxical because conventional interpretations of collateral stress repossession of the assets pledged as the key to securing lenders against information asymmetries and moral hazard. However, repossession is generally difficult in the case of sovereign debt and in some cases impossible. Nevertheless, such sovereign “hypothecations” have a long history and are again becoming very popular today in developing countries. To explain sovereign collateralization, we emphasize an informational channel. Posting collateral produces information on opaque borrowers by displaying borrowers’ behavior and resources. We support this interpretation by examining the hypothecation “mania” of 1849-1875, when sovereigns borrowing in the London Stock Exchange pledged all kinds of intangible revenues. Yet, at that time, sovereign immunity fully protected both sovereigns and their assets and possessions. Still, we show that hypothecations significantly decreased the cost of sovereign debt. To explain how, we stress the pledges’ role in documenting sovereigns’ wealth and the management of revenue streams. Based on an exhaustive library of bond prospectuses collected from primary sources, matched with a panel of sovereign bond yields and an innovative measure of sovereign fiscal transparency, we show that collateral minutely described in debt covenants served to document and monitor sovereign resources and development prospects. Encasing this information in contracts written by lawyers served to certify the quality of the resulting data disclosure process, explaining investors’ readiness to pay a premium.
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Herring, Theodore, Justin Tweet e Vincent Santucci. Wind Cave National Park: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, junho de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299620.

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Wind Cave National Park (WICA), the first cave in the world to become a national park, is famous for the park’s namesake feature. Wind Cave, named for the noticeable wind-flow patterns observed as air moves in and out of the natural cave entrance, is currently the third longest cave system in the United States and seventh longest in the world. Wind Cave formed when groundwater dissolved buried layers of the fossiliferous Madison Limestone, which were deposited during the Mississippian subperiod approximately 359 to 347 million years ago. In addition to the Madison Limestone, several other formations are exposed within the park, dating from the early Proterozoic to the Holocene. The presence of fossils within the park has been known since at least the late 19th century when early settlers explored the cave to turn the geologic feature into a tourist attraction. However, most of the geologic work conducted during the park’s history has focused on the exploration and development of the cave itself, rather than its fossils. Paleontology became a bigger focus in the late 20th century when the park partnered with the South Dakota School of Mines and Technology to recover and research fossils found within the cave and on the park’s surface. Other partnerships include those with the Mammoth Site of Hot Springs and Northern Arizona University, through which researchers have studied Quaternary cave deposits found across the park. In ascending order (oldest to youngest), the geologic formations at WICA include undifferentiated lower Proterozoic rocks (Precambrian), Harney Peak Granite (Precambrian), Deadwood Formation (Cambrian–Ordovician), Englewood Limestone (Devonian–Mississippian), Madison Limestone (Mississippian), Minnelusa Formation (Pennsylvanian–Permian), Opeche Shale (Permian), Minnekahta Limestone (Permian), Spearfish Formation (Permian–Triassic), Sundance Formation (Middle–Upper Jurassic), Unkpapa Sandstone (Upper Jurassic), Lakota Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Fall River Formation (Lower Cretaceous), White River Group (Eocene–Oligocene), and Quaternary alluvium, conglomerate, and gravel deposits. The units that are confirmed to be fossiliferous within the park are the Deadwood Formation, Englewood Limestone, Madison Limestone, and Minnelusa Formation, which contain a variety of marine fossils from a shallow sea deposition environment; the Sundance Formation, which has much younger marine fossils; the Lakota Formation, which has yielded petrified wood; and the White River Group and Quaternary deposits, which contain vertebrate and invertebrate fossils deposited in and near freshwater streams, lakes, and ponds. Many of the fossils of WICA are visible from or near public trails and roads, which puts them at risk of poaching or damage, and there is evidence that fossil poaching occurred at several of the Klukas sites soon after they were discovered. Furthermore, there are several fossil sites on the tour routes within Wind Cave, which are of value to interpretation and the park experience. WICA has implemented cyclic fossil surveys in the past to monitor site conditions, and it is recommended that this paleontological resource monitoring be continued in the future.
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Blaxter, Tamsin, e Tara Garnett. Primed for power: a short cultural history of protein. TABLE, novembro de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56661/ba271ef5.

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Protein has a singularly prominent place in discussions about food. It symbolises fitness, strength and masculinity, motherhood and care. It is the preferred macronutrient of affluence and education, the mark of a conscientious diet in wealthy countries and of wealth and success elsewhere. Through its association with livestock it stands for pastoral beauty and tradition. It is the high-tech food of science fiction, and in discussions of changing agricultural systems it is the pivotal nutrient around which good and bad futures revolve. There is no denying that we need protein and that engaging with how we produce and consume it is a crucial part of our response to the environmental crises. But discussions of these issues are affected by their cultural context—shaped by the power of protein. Given this, we argue that it is vital to map that cultural power and understand its origins. This paper explores the history of nutritional science and international development in the Global North with a focus on describing how protein gained its cultural meanings. Starting in the first half of the 19th century and running until the mid-1970s, it covers two previous periods when protein rose to singular prominence in food discourse: in the nutritional science of the late-19th century, and in international development in the post-war era. Many parallels emerge, both between these two eras and in comparison with the present day. We hope that this will help to illuminate where and why the symbolism and story of protein outpace the science—and so feed more nuanced dialogue about the future of food.
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Tyson, Paul. Sovereignty and Biosecurity: Can we prevent ius from disappearing into dominium? Mέta | Centre for Postcapitalist Civilisation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55405/mwp3en.

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Drawing on Milbank and Agamben, a politico-juridical anthropology matrix can be drawn describing the relations between ius and bios (justice and political life) on the one hand and dominium and zoe (private power and ‘bare life’) on the other hand. Mapping movements in the basic configurations of this matrix over the long sweep of Western cultural history enable us to see where we are currently situated in relation to the nexus between politico-juridical authority (sovereignty) and the emergency use of executive State powers in the context of biosecurity. The argument presented is that pre-19th century understandings of ius and bios presupposed transcendent categories of Justice and the Common Good that were not naturalistically defined. The very recent idea of a purely naturalistic naturalism has made distinctions between bios and zoe un-locatable and civic ius is now disappearing into a strangely ‘private’ total power (dominium) over the bodies of citizens, as exercised by the State. The very meaning of politico-juridical authority and the sovereignty of the State is undergoing radical change when viewed from a long perspective. This paper suggests that the ancient distinction between power and authority is becoming meaningless, and that this loss erodes the ideas of justice and political life in the Western tradition. Early modern capitalism still retained at least the theory of a Providential moral order, but since the late 19th century, morality has become fully naturalized and secularized, such that what moral categories Classical economics had have been radically instrumentalized since. In the postcapitalist neoliberal world order, no high horizon of just power –no spiritual conception of sovereignty– remains. The paper argues that the reduction of authority to power, which flows from the absence of any traditional conception of sovereignty, is happening with particular ease in Australia, and that in Australia it is only the Indigenous attempt to have their prior sovereignty –as a spiritual reality– recognized that is pushing back against the collapse of political authority into mere executive power.
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Flandreau, Marc. Pari Passu Lost and Found: The Origins of Sovereign Bankruptcy 1798-1873. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, junho de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp186.

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Verdicts returned by modern courts of justice in the context of sovereign debt lawsuits have upheld a ratable (proportional) interpretation of so-called “pari passu” clauses in debt contracts which, literally, promise creditors they will be dealt with equitably. Such verdicts have given individual creditors the right to interfere with payments to others, in situation where the sovereign had failed to make proportional payments. Contract originalists argue that this interpretation of pari passu clauses has no historical foundation. Historically, they claim, pari passu clauses never granted individual creditors a unilateral right to block payments to other bondholders assenting to a government debt restructuring proposal. This article shows this claim is incorrect. Drawing on novel archival research, it argues that pari passu clauses find one potent historical origin in the operation of a now forgotten sovereign bankruptcy tribunal, the London stock exchange. Under the law of the stock exchange, departure from ratable payments did create a unilateral right for individual creditors to interfere with sovereign debt discharges. In fact, ratable distributions provided the touchstone for the stock exchange sanctioned sovereign debt discharge system. What is more, sophisticated contract drafters availed themselves of the logic. The result was a weaponization of pari passu clauses, and their inscription into sovereign debt covenants in the 19th century. The article concludes that the modern debate on the role of clauses in sovereign debt contracts cannot be held without thorough reconsideration of the history of sovereign bankruptcy.
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Yatsymirska, Mariya. Мова війни і «контрнаступальна» лексика у стислих медійних текстах. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, março de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2023.52-53.11742.

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The article examines the language of the russian-ukrainian war of the 21st century based on the materials of compressed media texts; the role of political narratives and psychological-emotional markers in the creation of new lexemes is clarified; the verbal expression of forecasts of ukrainian and foreign analysts regarding the course of hostilities on the territory of Ukraine is shown. Compressed media texts reflect the main meanings of the language of the russian-ukrainian war in relation to the surrounding world. First of all, the media vocabulary was supplemented with neologisms – aggressive and sad: “rashism”, “denazification”, “katsapstan”, “orks”, “rusnia”, “kremlins”, “parebrik”, “in the swamps”, “nuclear dictator”, “putinism”, “two hundred” and others. Numerals acquired new expressive and evaluative meanings: “200s” (dead), “300s” (wounded), “400s” (russian military personnel who filed reports for termination of the contract), “500s” (hopelessly drunk russian soldiers, alcoholics who are unable to perform combat tasks). The language of war intensified the slogans of the struggle for state independence and people’s freedom. The scope of the greeting “Glory to Ukraine! – Glory to Heroes!”. New official holidays have appeared in the history of Ukraine since 2014: “Heroes of the Heavenly Hundred” Day (February 20), “Ukrainian Volunteer Day” (March 14), “Defenders and Defenders of Ukraine Day” (October 14), “Volunteer Day” (5 December). As you know, the professional holiday of the military is the Day of the Armed Forces of Ukraine” (December 6). A special style is characteristic of media texts on military topics: “Iron Force of Ukraine” (Iron Force of Ukraine), “digitize the Army” (for effective simulation of military operations); “grain corridor” (export of Ukrainian grain to African and European countries); “don’t let Ukraine lose” (the position of the Allies at the first stage of the war), “Ukraine must win!” (the position of the Allies in the second stage of the war); “in the Russian-Ukrainian war, the thinking of the 19th century collided with the thinking of the 21st century”, “a politician is a person who understands time” (Grigori Yavlinskyy, Russian oppositionist); “aggressive neutrality” (about Turkey’s position); “in Russia”, “there, in the swamps” (in Russia), “weak, inadequate evil” (about Russia), “behind the fence”; “a great reset of the world order”; “technology of military creativity”; “they are not Russian and not Ukrainian, they are Soviet”, “people without mentality”, “in Ukraine and without Ukraine” (Vitaly Portnikov about a separate category of Russian-speaking citizens in Ukraine); “information bed of Ukraine” (about combat operations on the front line; “when a descendant asks me what I did in those terrifying moments, I will know what to answer. At the very least, I did not stand aside” (opinion of a Ukrainian fighter). Compressed in media texts is implemented in the headline, note, infographic, chronicle, digest, help, caption for photos, blitz poll, interview, short articles, caricature, visual text, commercial, etc. Researchers add “nominative-representative text (business card text, titles of sections, pages, names of presenters, etc.) to concise media texts for a functional and pragmatic purpose.” accent text (quote, key idea); text-navigator (content, news feed, indication of movement or time); chronotope”. A specific linguistic phenomenon known as “language compression” is widespread in media texts. Language compression is the art of minimization; attention is focused on the main, the most essential, everything secondary is filtered out. Compression uses words succinctly and sparingly to convey the meaning as much as possible. For example, the headline “Racism. What is the essence of the new ideology of the Russian occupiers?”. The note briefly explains the meaning of this concept and explains the difference from “nazism” and “fascism”. Key words: compressed media text, language compression, language of war, emotional markers, expressive neologisms, political journalism.
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