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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Corporate state – latin america – congresses"
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Felter, Peter. "Corporate Strategies in South America." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 12, no. 2-3 (1994): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459879401200209.
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A country review shows that Argentina has been the first Latin American country to respond pragmatically to financial pressure. Peru appears prepared to take a similar radical approach. Brazil, Mexico and to a letter extent Venezuela, still protect a monopolistic state-owned oil industry which is a deterrent to foreign investment.
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Robinson, William I. "Don’t cry for me, Latin America." Human Geography 13, no. 1 (2020): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942778620910941.
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The upsurge of mass struggles in Latin America comes at a time when the party-based Left has lost hegemony. The far-Right is seeking a restoration of neoliberalism as part of a militarized expansion of transnational corporate plunder. Spaces that until recently exercised a modicum of autonomy, such as indigenous highlands in Guatemala and Peru, areas of the Amazon, and Colombia’s Pacific coast, are being violently cracked open and their abundant natural resources and labor supply made available to transnational capital. There is a disjuncture throughout Latin America between mass social movements that are resurgent and the institutional Left that has lost its ability to mediate between the masses and the state with a viable project of its own. The most likely scenario is a momentary stalemate as storm clouds gather.
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Guy, Donna J. "The Pan American Child Congresses, 1916 to 1942: Pan Americanism, Child Reform, and the Welfare State in Latin America." Journal of Family History 23, no. 3 (1998): 272–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/036319909802300304.
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García, Natalia, Juan Alfonseca Giner de los Ríos, and Tania Mateus Carreño. "NOTES ABOUT THE SCOPE OF THE PRESENT INVESTIGATION ON THE LATIN AMERICAN AUTHORITARIAN STATE AND ITS SCHOOL." Historia y Memoria de la Educación, no. 20 (June 28, 2024): 279–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/hme.20.2024.38021.
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The purpose of this paper is to provide a preliminary overview of the state of research on education as an instrument of domination during the «exceptional» moments assumed by the State throughout the 20th century in Latin America. This is a summary review mainly aimed at recovering part of the knowledge debated in the Ibero-American Congresses on the History of Latin American Education (CIHELA) in the last thirty years. Certainly, the universe of connotations that open up in this call outlined by the concepts «authoritarianism, violence, war, vulnerability and school», forces a limited theoretical-methodological operation and, for instance, affordable. In this sense, this work results from the search, identification, selection and analysis of a broad field of research and reflection on this subject, problems and academic objectives. Following the works presented in the CIHELA, this selection focuses on the transformations of the educational field, in general, and the school, in particular, in periods of restriction or closure of democratic participation. More specifically, it addresses the devices, uses and scope of authoritarian power according to the many variants assumed in each geography and unique history (foreign occupations, military and civil-military dictatorships, etc.).
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Jaén, María Helena, Nunzia Auletta, Josefina Bruni Celli, and Melanie Pocaterra. "Bibliometric analysis of indexed research on corporate social responsibility in Latin America (2000-2017)." Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración 31, no. 1 (2018): 105–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arla-06-2017-0190.
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Purpose This paper presents an overview of Latin American (LA) publications on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and closely related themes that appear in ISI Thompson Reuters Social Science Citation Index journals, in the period 2000-2017. The purpose of this paper is twofold. The first is to understand the institutional context in which this research is being produced, and to reflect on how it can be improved. The second is to map out key research strands in this literature, to discuss its achievements and limitations, and identify opportunities for future research. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative-qualitative systematic review was performed using a standard bibliometric approach. A total of 148 articles from 36 journals, indexed in the ISI Thompson Reuters Social Science Citation Index, were selected and analyzed. A systematic analysis was performed, based on a review protocol, which comprised following eight steps: research objectives, article search, articles selection, article identification, root themes coding, data coding, data coding validation and content analysis. Findings Research about CSR Latin America features a very low citation record. It is also very fragmented. Both of these characteristics reflect little conversation amongst scholars publishing on this topic in indexed venues. More generally, participation in these venues reflects the location of scholars working on this topic as peripheral actors in scholarly conversations. The study identifies many opportunities for future research that attend to key issues that are relevant for Latin America and that will stimulate a more dynamic conversation among scholars interested in the region. Research limitations/implications First, this study is limited to articles on CSR research on LA published in ISI journals. It does not show the whole trend of other academic and managerial publications in the region. Second, although the articles selected were retrieved based on 17 search terms derived from the theoretical framework, the complexity of CSR-related themes and its evolution could have caused some terms, and therefore publications, to be left out. Practical implications Results provide scholars interested in the region with updated information about the state of research on the topic and about opportunities for future research. They also provide business schools in the region with a valuable input for a comprehensive reflection on research policy. Social implications In the 30th anniversary of Academia (Revista Latinoamericana de Administración), this study offers recommendations on how research on CRS in Latin America could be made more visible and relevant. Originality/value This is the first bibliometric analysis of scholarly publications on CSR and related issues in Latin America. It is also unique in addressing institutional factors that may be conditioning intellectual production on the topic.
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Nikulin, Kirill. "SPANISH CAPITAL IN LATIN AMERICA IN CRISIS CONDITIONS. INVESTMENT SPECT." Urgent Problems of Europe, no. 3 (2022): 184–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/ape/2022.03.08.
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The article analyzes the current state of Spanish-Latin American investment ties and assesses the prospects for their development. The research task of the article is to analyse the functioning of Spanish capital in the key Latin American region under the crisis conditions of the last five years. A distinctive feature of Spain among other EU members in the Latin American region is the institutional aspect, which has become one of the drivers of sustainable Spanish-Latin American investment cooperation, in which Iberoamerican multinational enterprises (MNEs) play a key role. To create an up-to-date panorama of investment interaction, the dynamics of Spanish foreign direct investment (FDI) flows the author does assesse their key corporate participants Spanish investments are characterized in comparison with global FDI flows to the region. The financial performance of the leading MNEs participating in the investment process is analysed this factor serves as an indicator to reflect current trends in Spanish-Latin American investment cooperation. The impact of the global financial crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, the current tense geopolitical and geoeconomic situation is taken into account, the evolution of the dynamics of Spanish FDI in Latin America’ and the Caribbean region (LAC) over the past five years is given, the reasons for the main changes and the prospects for their development are indicated. Examples of the processes of internationalization of individual Spanish companies are given. The conclusion is made about the continued dominance of investment as opposed to trade in the vector of Spanish interaction with the LAC countries, with a general decline in Spanish FDI flows, their reorganization, reorientation to Western countries and the existence of new global challenges to the sustainable growth of investment, the prospects for attracting FDI to the region are assessed. In this regard, challenges and associated opportunities are identified.
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Faúndez-Ugalde, Antonio, Patricia Toledo-Zúñiga, and Pedro Castro-Rodríguez. "Tax Sustainability: Tax Transparency in Latin America and the Chilean Case." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (2022): 2107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042107.
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This study is based on a sample of the thirty Chilean companies with the highest stock presence and which demonstrate opacity problems in their tax sustainability related to the GRI 207 standard available since 2019 (which emphasizes the disclosure of tax strategies to stakeholders, especially as regards any links with their small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)). The study also explores the literature related to tax transparency and its evolution in Latin America. Significantly different performances were found among the tax sustainability reports. The reasons for these differences are related to the fact that some demand simple declarations of principles, while others require both reporting of evidence in front of the interest groups and revealing of the tax strategy. As a result, taxpayers seem to use their corporate social responsibility activities more to moderate reputation risk than to aim at tax transparency. At the same time, the findings reveal that the actions toward tax transparency which have defined the tributary administrations of Latin American countries since the 2018 Punta del Este Global Forum do not consider the possibility of public disclosure. In this sense, the evidence highlights the need for Latin American policymakers to introduce, at the normative level, integrated tax transparency cooperation mechanisms between state administrations and regulated companies.
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Uwase, Sabrina. "Debt and Destruction: The Global Abuse of Haiti and Unbalancing the Myth of Benevolent Canada." Caribbean Quilt 5 (May 19, 2020): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/caribbeanquilt.v5i0.34381.
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An integral responsibility of nation-states is to provide protection and the means for attaining a fulfilling life to those it governs. Given the fact that most current global powers were not founded with the needs of racialized peoples in mind, one is infuriated but not surprised, at the cyclical pattern of disregard and exploitation that people of colour in the Americas experience. Indigenous and Black communities in the Americas are not just disregarded by the state, but are actively targeted for exploitation and undermining. Analyzing Haiti’s post-colonial history and Canada’s domestic and international mining operations, I argue that nations in the Caribbean and Latin America have been extensively exploited economically by imperial powers, and their survival undermined by colonial legacies. Numerous countries in the region, to varying degrees, continue to experience the wrath of state-sponsored white supremacy and crippling debt that prevent authentic development. I advance the position that coerced debt and resource extraction have been weaponized against already ostracized communities by behemoth states that employ the myth of being a post-racial democracy. This paper also highlights a complex set of global relationships by linking extraction, state-corporate relations, and North-South divides, with a focus on Canadian mining in Latin America.
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Abbasov, Iftikhar B., and Christina Lissette Sanchez. "Design features of the Inca museum of culture." International research journal of engineering, IT & scientific research 6, no. 5 (2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/irjeis.v6n5.970.
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The paper deals with the development of a design concept for a museum of Inca culture in Ecuador. The current trends in the organization of historical museums in Latin America are presented. An overview of the graphic support of the Latin American museums of culture, archeology, and history is made. The historical foundations of the Museum of Inca culture are presented, the iconography of the Inca civilization of various periods is analyzed. The current state of the museum, the history of its foundation, prerequisites for creating a new brand are described. Associative graphic images for creating a new logo for the museum were considered, corporate colors were substantiated, and components of the brand were developed. This will strengthen the museum's brand and increase its social significance for the popularization of the Inca culture.
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Relaiza, Héctor Raúl Santa María, Sonia Lidia Romero Vela, Liliana Elizabeth Siesquén García, Dony Yohnny Astoray Palomino, and Doris Isabel Goicochea-Parks. "Corporate Social Responsibility: A Look at the Citizen Approach." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 18, no. 4 (2024): e04577. http://dx.doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n4-034.
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Purpose: The objective of this research was to know the scientific evidence on Corporate Social Responsibility: a look at the citizen approach in a systematic review from 2018 to 2022 in Latin America. Method: To this end, a review of the state of the art was carried out, taking into account the indicators of the Prisma guide of the articles that were found in different databases such as: Scopus, Scielo, Wos, Proquest and Ebscohost. Results and Conclusion: The results indicated aspects that companies must take into account from the actions of Corporate Social Responsibility to achieve sustainable development that responds to the needs of the communities, these results affirm the following: the inclusive financial system, positioning of the brand in the business environment, strengthening the social awareness of the population, social commitment of companies, strengthening citizenship, sustainable development and quality of life of the population, development of good management practices, sustainable development of sustainability – competitiveness and care of the environment. Research implications: If companies have demonstrated these needs from their business history, it means that CSR will allow them to strengthen social awareness, social commitment with the purpose of sustainable development and quality of life of the population. Originality/value: The development aspect of good management practices where sustainability and competitiveness are variables that achieve economic, social and environmental balance between Latin American communities.
Livros sobre o assunto "Corporate state – latin america – congresses"
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Rachel, Sieder, and University of London. Institute of Latin American Studies., eds. Impunity in Latin America. Institute of Latin American Studies, 1995.
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R, Pattnayak Satya, ed. Globalization, urbanization, and the state: Selected studies on contemporary Latin America. University Press of America, 1996.
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1938-, Klarén Peter F., and Bossert Thomas J, eds. Promise of development: Theories of change in Latin America. Westview Press, 1986.
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Session, Intergovernmental Regional Committee for the Major Project in the Field of Education in Latin America and the Caribbean. Final report: Fourth session of the Intergovernmental Regional Committee for the Major Project in the Field of Education in Latin America and the Caribbean, Quito, Ecuador, 22-25 April 1991. Unesco, 1991.
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Nora, Gluz, Arzate Salgado Jorge 1966-, and RIEPS (Research network), eds. Debates para una reconstrucción de lo público en educación: Del universalismo liberal a "los particularismos" neoliberales. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento, 2013.
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Thierry, Linck, Groupe de recherches sur l'Amérique latine Toulouse-Perpignan., and O.R.S.T.O.M. (Agency : France), eds. Agriculturas y campesinados de América Latina: Mutaciones y recomposiciones. Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1994.
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R, Pattnayak Satya, ed. Organized religion in the political transformation of Latin America. University Press of America, 1997.
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R, Pattnayak Satya, ed. Organized religion in the political transformation of Latin America. University Press of America, 1995.
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International Centre for Science and High Technology, ed. Technology foresight: A UNIDO-ICS initiative for Latin America and the Caribbean, Trieste, Italy 7-9 December 1999 : workshop proceedings. United Nations Industrial Development Organization, 2000.
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Regina, Cortina, and Stromquist Nelly P, eds. Distant alliances: Promoting education for girls and women in Latin America. RoutledgeFalmer Press, 2000.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteCapítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Corporate state – latin america – congresses"
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Bartilow, Horace A. "Embedded Corporatism." In Drug War Pathologies. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469652559.003.0001.
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This chapter introduces the theory of embedded corporatism to explain U.S. drug enforcement. It argues that drug enforcement is an international regime where the interests and power of American corporations are embedded in drug prohibition. The regime also includes corporate-funded think tanks, some members of Congress, civil society groups, and foreign governments. The power of American corporations within the regime facilitates domestic and international consensus around drug prohibition as a mechanism for corporate expansion and capital accumulation. The chapter demonstrates that democracies in Latin America have a higher level of human rights repression than countries in the developing world that are not democracies. Although GDP per-capita in the region is higher than other developing regions, income inequality in Latin America is significantly higher than the rest of the developing world. And while the United States is the supposed leader of the free world and the richest, its rates of incarceration are greater than those found in autocracies, and its level of income inequality is significantly higher than other rich OECD countries. It is argued that the paradox of human rights and democratization in the Americas along with widening class cleavages are the by-products of the embedded corporatist drug enforcement regime.
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Gold, Marina, and Alessandro Zagato. "Introduction. The Pink Tide: Egalitarianism and the Corporate State in Latin America." In After the Pink Tide. Berghahn Books, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781789206593-001.
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Bartilow, Horace A. "Corporate Hit Men." In Drug War Pathologies. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469652559.003.0006.
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To test the theoretical components of the argument presented in chapter 5, this chapter develops an empirical model of how U.S. transnational corporations and paramilitary death squads mediate the U.S.-sponsored drug war’s effect on human rights repression in Latin America. In outlining this empirical model, this chapter is organized as follows: It first juxtapose the theoretical arguments of dependency and neoclassical liberal theories regarding the human rights effects of transnational capital by highlighting the theoretical and empirical limitations of neoclassical liberal claims. This is followed by a discussion of the empirical model, which draws on the extant human rights literature to identify important control variables that are important predictors of state repression. It then discusses important theoretical modifications that are incorporated into the overall empirical model. This is followed by a discussion of the limitations of the indicators used to measure the model’s mediating variables. structural equation modeling is used to analyze cross-national data for thirty-one countries from the Latin American region covering the period 1980 to 2012. All the components of the theoretical argument found strong statistical support.
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Nem Singh, Jewellord T. "State Ownership in Comparative Perspective." In Business of the State. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198892212.003.0009.
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Abstract This chapter presents a comparative analysis of the Brazil and Chile case studies, arguing for recognition of the significance of state ownership in understanding fundamental debates in the political economy that seek to address both critical real-world and normative questions: the relation between state capitalism and economic development, the role of state ownership in institutional capacity building and industrial policy expansion in the 21st century, and the political conditions necessary to maintain efficient, productive, and politically autonomous SOEs. It situates state ownership in a larger framework of reference by examining the challenges in pursuing SOE-based growth strategies in the rest of Latin America. The chapter explores and evaluates two other responses to economic globalization in the region: (1) Venezuela’s state ownership at the expense of the corporate autonomy of its NOC PDVSA in pursuing industrialization and the creation of alternative export industries; and (2) Peru’s full embrace of neoliberalism without any kind of state ownership, where the possibilities for structural transformation may have been closed due to the limited presence of industrial capabilities and overwhelming power of extractivist interests. In both cases, the balance between the pursuit of state activism and autonomy of SOEs had been difficult to achieve.
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Bartilow, Horace A. "Drug War Profiteers." In Drug War Pathologies. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469652559.003.0002.
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This chapter is motivated by the following questions: Why do American policymakers continue to increase funding for a drug war that has failed to realize its objectives, and why do they consistently give greater priority to reducing the supply of illicit narcotics from foreign countries than reducing demand in the United States? In answering these questions, the chapter draws on theories of the state to highlight the role that corporate capital play in shaping the federal government’s budgetary allocations for drug enforcement. Congressional deliberations of Plan Colombia and the Mérida Initiative with Mexico serve as case studies to test pluralist, radical and elite theories of U.S. drug enforcement policy making. Radical and elite theories consistently explained the ways in which corporate power shaped the drug supply reduction strategies of Plan Colombia and the Mérida Initiative. Both theories also explain how these strategies justifies the provision of large government contracts to corporate members of the regime, how drug enforcement foreign aid is used to provide security for American oil companies that operate in Latin America, and how that aid is also used to market the defense industry’s military hardware to countries in the region to prosecute the drug war.
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Stonich, Susan. "Integrating Socioeconomic and Geographic Information Systems: A Methodology for Rural Development and Agricultural Policy Design." In Anthropology, Space, and Geographic Information Systems. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195085754.003.0008.
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Understanding the factors related to destructive ecological processes in the tropics has expanded significantly in the last decade. Much has been learned about heterogeneity in geomorphology, soils, hydrology, and climate and about associated vulnerability to ecological damage. Research on cropping systems has divulged both the suitability and the liability in swidden agricultural practices and has led to recommendations involving alternative cropping and agroforestry complexes (Altieri 1987). At the same time, there has been a growing awareness that a more comprehensive knowledge of tropical ecology and enlarged technological and/or agricultural options will not necessarily affect a sustainable ecology (Altieri and Hecht 1990; Redclift 1984, 1987). Research on peasant economies in Latin America and elsewhere has demonstrated the existence of a highly differentiated peasantry, the vast majority of whom are landless or land-poor and who are more dependent on income earned from off-farm than from on-farm sources (Collins 1986; Deere and Wasserstrom 1981; Stonich 1991b). Such studies have demonstrated that systemic interconnections among family and corporate farmers with landholdings of all sizes promote environmental destruction (Stonich 1989); have established the existence of labor scarcity rather than labor surpluses in many peasant communities and the related environmental consequences (Brush 1977,1987; Collins 1987,1988; Posner and MacPherson 1982; Stonich 1993); and have called for rural and agricultural development policy that takes into account a socially differentiated peasantry and diversified rural poverty (de Janvry and Sadoulet 1989). It is increasingly evident that ecological destruction cannot be fathomed apart from the demographic, institutional, and social factors that influence the agricultural practices and other natural resource management decisions of agricultural producers. This paper describes a multidisciplinary methodology designed to examine the interactions among demographic trends, social processes, agricultural production decisions, and ecological decline in southern Honduras, a region characterized by widespread and worsening human impoverishment and environmental degradation. The methodology integrated the research efforts and databases compiled by anthropologists from the University of Kentucky using a farming systems approach, who were part of the socioeconomic component of the International Sorghum Millet Project (INTSORMIL) with potentially complementary research conducted by the natural and agricultural scientists working as part of the Comprehensive Resource Inventory and Evaluation System Project (CRIES) at Michigan State University.
Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Corporate state – latin america – congresses"
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Farris, Massimiliano, and Camila Soto Salas. "INDUSTRIALIZACIÓN DE LA EDIFICACIÓN EN MADERA EN CHILE. Una aproximación multiescalar entre sustentabilidad y conflictos territoriales." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Grup de Recerca en Urbanisme, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.12692.
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Wooden construction has been present since the beginning of humanity, but today, faced with the effects of climate change and sustainability discourses, the use of wood as a construction material is presented as a sustainable option. In this sense, in the Latin American region, Chile is one of the most advanced countries in this matter, however, in comparative terms with Europe and North America, wood construction is still in its infancy. The development of wooden construction has been driven mainly by the two main forestry companies in Chile (ARAUCO and CMPC), who have implemented several initiatives to promote wooden construction, including the manufacture of CLT and high-tech prefabricated housing plants. , which has been promoted through a discourse of urban sustainability on the part of the forestry holdings that has been promoted by the State, but that hides the territorial tensions given in the production of the raw material, in local urban planning and in “sustainable” practices in the territories. Therefore, this article analyzes in multi-scale terms the territorial and discursive implications of the Chilean forestry sector associated with the industrialization of wooden construction, through a review of the state of the art referring to the forestry sector, the housing deficit, projects in wooden building and public policies related to the promotion of wooden building in Chile (corporate/institutional documents, web pages, magazines and promotional activities, residential projects, policies related to wooden construction, technical reconfiguration of the forestry industry, etc. ), and correlative discourse analysis to understand the industrialization process of wooden construction (coding based on the word "sustainability" and "construction"). In such a way that the article starts by making an introduction of what wooden construction is to contextualize the Chilean case. Then, the milestones that gave rise to the use of this material in the construction of residential projects are pointed out, pointing out who and where these events took place and under what discourses they were implemented. Continuing with the presentation of the role of the state and the promotion of wooden construction, through the various public policies that have been designed and established. Ending with a theoretical discussion about the discourses of sustainability and territorial planning. Keywords: wooden buildings, wooden housing projects, sustainable urban planning, territorial conflicts La edificación en madera ha estado presente desde los inicios de la humanidad, pero hoy en día, frente a los efectos del cambio climático y los discursos de sustentabilidad, el uso de la madera como material de construcción se presenta como una opción sostenible. En este sentido, en la región latinoamericana, Chile se presenta como de los países más avanzados en esta materia, no obstante, en términos comparativos con Europa y América del norte, aún se encuentra en un momento incipiente la construcción en madera. El desarrollo de la edificación en madera ha estado impulsada principalmente por las dos principales empresas forestales de Chile (ARAUCO y CMPC), quiénes han implementado varias iniciativas para fomentar la construcción en madera, incluida la fabricación de CLT y plantas de viviendas prefabricadas de alta tecnología, lo cual se ha potenciado a través de un discurso de sustentabilidad urbana por parte de los holdings forestales que ha sido impulsado por el Estado. Por tanto, el presente artículo analiza en términos multiescalares las implicaciones territoriales y discursivas del sector forestal chileno asociadas a la industrialización de la edificación en madera, a través de una revisión del estado del arte referidos al sector forestal, al déficit habitacional, a proyectos en edificación en madera y políticas públicas vinculadas al fomento de la edificación en madera en Chile, y correlativo análisis de discurso para entender el proceso de industrialización de la edificación en madera. De modo tal que el artículo parte haciendo una introducción de lo que es la edificación en madera para contextualizar el caso chileno. Luego, se señalan los hitos que dieron origen al uso de este material en la construcción de proyectos residenciales, señalando quiénes y dónde fueron estos hechos y bajo qué discursos se implementaron. Siguiendo con la presentación del rol del estado y el fomento de la edificación en madera, a través de las diversas políticas públicas que se han diseñado e instaurado. Finalizando con una discusión teórica acerca de los discursos de sustentabilidad y planificación territorial. Palabras clave: edificación en madera, proyectos residenciales en madera, planificación urbana sustentable, conflictos territoriales.
Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Corporate state – latin america – congresses"
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Lora, Eduardo. Should Latin America Fear China? Inter-American Development Bank, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012218.
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This paper compares growth conditions in China and Latin America to assess fears that China will displace Latin America in the coming decades. China's strengths include the size of the economy, macroeconomic stability, abundant low-cost labor, the rapid expansion of physical infrastructure, and the ability to innovate. China's weaknesses, stemming from insufficient separation between market and state, include poor corporate governance, a fragile financial system and misallocation of savings. Both regions share important weaknesses: the rule of law is weak, corruption endemic, and education is poor and very poorly distributed.