Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Compréhension/ interprétation"
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Awazi, Mbambi Kungua Benoît. "Donation, saturation et compréhension". Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040087.
Texto completo da fonteIn response to the question of the status of hermeneutics (philosophical interpretation) within a phenomenological scheme(system) of pure givenness [J. -L. Marion], two complementary and exemplary strategies of articulation between phenomenology and hermeneutics will be examined. It concerns the direct strategy of M. Heidegger in the ontology of the finite understanding of the Dasein and the indirect strategy of P. Ricoeur in the shattered ontology of the weakened Cogito. With regard to the first individual [M. Heidegger] the phenomenon par excellence is the withdrawal of the Being from the Dasein whichs remains in the dissimulation. The task of hermeneutics is to uveil phenomenologically the original layers of the Being of the Dasein. In the second case [ P. Ricoeur], the task of hermeneutics is to reach the identity (Ipseity) of the weakened Cogito by the interpretation of the signs and texts of its traditions and cultures. The weakened Cogito is the result of a deconstruction of transcendantal Ego which arises in existence through thought. Access to the identity (Ipseity) from the weakened Cogito can only occur indirectly through the interpretation of the signs and texts, in view of a good action, in fair institutions. The question concerning the relationship between phenomenology and hermeneutics in M. Heidegger and P. Ricoeur, will give us a certain number of parameters, criteria, rules, in order to explain the specificity of hermeneutics in the phenomenological scheme of pure givenness or of reduction to the pure form of appeal [J. -L. Marion]. If comprehension occupies a primordial place in the hermeneutic phenomenology of M. Heidegger and P. Ricoeur, then what is the status of the comprehension in the paradigm of the saturated phenomenon [J. -L. Marion] ?
Glon, Daniel. "Compréhension de l'allemand en interprétation simultanée et expression du message en français". Aix-Marseille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX10025.
Texto completo da fonteBouzigue, Stéphanie. "Interprétation de la négation et contexte : une étude développementale". Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX10069.
Texto completo da fonteIto-Bergerot, Hiromi. "Le processus cognitif de la compréhension en interprétation consécutive : acquisition des compétences chez les étudiants de la section japonaise". Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030103.
Texto completo da fonteThe purpose of our study is to analyse the skill acquisition process of interpretation trainees, focusing on cognitive processing, through observation of their difficulties and progress in consecutive interpretation of 5 minutes. With this in mind, we recorded during two years Japanese into French interpretation courses at ESIT. Problems of understanding Japanese speech, often said to be more difficult than understanding English or French speech, are also taken into account in our study. In the first part of this thesis, the ITT memory model of the Interpretative Theory of Translation, our theoretical base, is up-dated, integrating some recent findings made in cognitive research In the second part, we describe the characteristics of Japanese language and discourse, related to comprehension difficulties as felt by the listeners The third part contains our analysis of the corpus. We follow the basic skill acquisition process by students: structured retention of the meaning of the discourse and note-taking skills. We examine the difficulties of managing cognitive resources in the learning process as well as how students develop automatic processing for some tasks in note-taking, so that they can devote sufficient resources to the construction of meaning of the discourse. We also look into the way students manage to take structured notes, and stress the importance of anticipation in note-taking, especially the way it can help in the construction of meaning. The analysis of the Interpretation exercises of Japanese speech based on written texts lead us to stress two points: 1) the necessity of acquiring good knowledge of discourse styles in both languages; 2) the difficulties of understanding a speech with ambiguous sentences. Although these points are linked to the questions examined in the second part, they are not specific to Japanese language and discourse, and involve training of students in all language pairs
Clot-Goudard, Rémi. "L'explication ordinaire des actions humaines. Recherches sur l'intention pratique et la grammaire des concepts psychologiques : recherches sur l'intention pratique et la grammaire des concepts psychologiques". Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENP001.
Texto completo da fonteMy objective is to elucidate, by means of a grammatical inquiry into the language of intentional action and the use of psychological concepts, the nature of our ordinary capacity to make sense of human actions, as well as the conditions of its exercise. In contemporary debates prevails a causalist view of action and its explanation, which underlies the discussions about mental causation, the reality of mental states or the epistemic status of so-called folk psychology. Causalism holds that an action differs from a mere bodily movement by its being caused by some mental antecedents, distinct from movement, which account for its intentional character. Explaining an action would thus consist in giving reasons ultimately referring to those states. In line with the wittgensteinian logico-grammatical approach developed by Anscombe, I intend to show that this view is misconceived. Its main defect lies in its mentalism, i.e. the tendency to see psychological predicates as always functioning to denote internal episodes or events, distinct from action and liable to figure in causal chains as links bringing about the agent's behaviour. Against this, I want to establish that the distinction between action and mere movement is to be seen as a difference between two modes of description. The intentional mode in which are couched action descriptions is essentially characterized by the first/third-person asymmetry. Explaining an action consists in identifying it by a description exhibiting its teleological features. My plan is the following. The first main move is to clarify the conceptual relations between intention and action. Having brought to light the modern roots of causalism, I consider the arguments Davidson put forward in its favour, so as to refute their underlying mentalism. I show that for an action, being intentional does not depend on any occurrence of a separate mental component. Then I proceed to account for the explanatory force of intentional descriptions by relating them to the specificity of practical reasoning and agent knowledge. The second main move tackles the question to know what the capacity of making sense of others consists in. I successively consider the idea that agents possess a theory of mind and the thesis as to which they must rely on a principle of interpretative charity. Against those intellectualist views, I claim that sensible use of psychological concepts is a practical skill which is to be related to the sensibility to the natural expressivity of human body, the intrinsically social and institutional features of human life and the existence of shared standards of expression and action. Acknowledging the action-based conditions of others' intelligibility requires to dispose of the modern illusion of a « disengaged subject »
Schniewind, Alexandrine. "La compréhension en psychanalyse : le modèle de la "Verständigung"". Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070060.
Texto completo da fonteThis PhD-thesis has as its main object the meaning Understanding" bas in psychoanalysis. More precisely, it examines the meaning and the implications of the hypothesis that the analyst and the analyzed don't "understand" each other in the ordinary sense of the word. In "Part One" this hypothesis is supported by a systematic study of Freud's Entwurfeiner Psychologie" (1895) in which the German word "Verständigung" appears unexpectedly. A terminological analysis of "Verständigung' is undertaken, leading to the result that this word means "to make oneself be understood”. On the basis of these results the hypothesis is formulated that the« Freudian "Verständigung gives a good paradigm of the relationship between the analyst and the analyzed, its main characteristic being the dissymmetry. These results are confronted with contemporary secondary literature as represented by the D. Widlôcher et P. Fédida, as well as with the Clinical Diary of S. Ferenczi. "Part Two" of the PhD-thesis makes the paradigm of "Verständigung evolve in the field of Freudian correspondences. The literary genre of the letter is first examined with a special focus on its inherent part of ‘presence' and ‘absence'. A well-balanced selection of seven Freudian correspondences is then examined in great detail, with a special focus on the various fonns of dissymmetry they contain. As a result, the whole study shows that the Freudian "Verständigung" of the "Entwurf” is a privileged paradigm of the analytical relationship»
Mouton, Jean-Denis. "Étude de la méthode d'interprétation dite de l'effet utile en droit international public : contribution à la compréhension de l'idée juridictionnelle du droit". Nancy 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN20001.
Texto completo da fonteA detailed examination into a method of interpretation is as controversial and vague as is "l'effet utile". A study must allow a better understanding of it's signification and as well it must clarify certain fundamental characteristics in international juridictional functioning. In order to understand the judical interpretation, it is of primary importance to understand the data which are used. The first of these is the argumentative nature of the legal reasoning; the second is the object of interpretation, that is to say the terms of international law. These two show clearly the suppleness of this method and the liberty which accompanies it's instigation. Analysis of "l'effet utile" in the judicial reasoning confirms this too. This suppleness and liberty become particularly evident too, from the analysis of the proper reasoning of "l'effet utile". That is to say, from the basis of inference and the product of inference, which constitute bothephases of it. This freedom allows the judge to put across his choices and his values. The fundamentale functions fulfilled by this method in international jurisprudence, pinpoint what these choices are. From this point of view "l'effet utile" appears, first of all to be associated with an attempt at affirming a norm in international law, even if this fonction has it's limits. But above all, "l'effet utile" is associated with an attempt at affirming the legal order. This affirmation appears to be an attempt to at attain effectiveness in the legal order and also as it concerns international courts, it is expressed as a tendency to institute particular legal orders. Finally, if the study of "l'effet utile" in international law allows us to conclude that a specific method exists, it reveals above all that the international judge holds to a certain idea of the law
Eiammongkhonsakun, Sunporn. "La lecture en langue étrangère : compréhension, interprétation et reformulation. Étude de cas : des lycéens et des étudiants thaïlandais face à la lecture en Français Langue Étrangère". Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00973873.
Texto completo da fonteClavier, Annie. "La sémiologie de l’image et du texte dans les documents utilisés en pédagogie espagnole". Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100225.
Texto completo da fonteImages play a very significant part in today’s civilization. The iconic dimension is one of the fundamental aspects of a new culture in which pictures proliferate in everyday life – whether in books, papers, posters or on screens – and where they hold an important role along with texts, even in primary and secondary school handbooks and in children’s and teenagers’ fiction works. Pictures and writing share the same origin : they were merged on Paleolithic walls. Then, they have evolved separately and in parallel. Thanks to the current means of production and circulation of texts and images, and to 20th century discoveries in cognitive sciences, they are now merged again; they are both considered as means of communication. The studies in semiology have proved that pictures, just like language, are a system of signs which express ideas, produce meaning and which we use in order to communicate. Images therefore show numerous analogies with texts regarding their production, functioning and reception. But some differences between texts and images do not enable the pictures to replace the texts as the primary vehicles of communication and information because they need the texts to compensate some of their expressive lacks. Nowadays in Spain, as in France, the new pedagogical directions stress the command of oral and written languages in primary and secondary education. But they also acknowledge the pervasiveness and power of images in contemporary writing. Although their attractive, persuasive and, according to some people, negative characters are recognized, images are widely used in Spanish education along with the texts, in didactic works and in class activities alike. In education, images can be usefully employed along with the texts since they both have some specificities. Education sciences perceive the great efficiency of images used along with texts: by using the qualities and the lacks of each code – verbal and iconic – the two interact, they clarify and reinforce each other so as to better transmit knowledge to the pupils. As a democratic state, today’s Spain gives great importance to the education received by the young to become citizens. Spanish teachers take into account the surrounding culture and also use documents from outside the school which include all types of texts and images – such as newspapers, magazines, posters, websites – to teach the pupils how to act responsibly and have a critical mind regarding the contents, tools and media of their everyday environment. In the current Spanish pedagogical system, the teachers emphasize the “defense and protection” against the “manipulation” and apathy of the critical mind. But it has not always been so in Spain, as during the Franco era
Mosso-Gautier, Florian. "Vers une compréhension moderne et scientifique du Diagnostic Expérimental des Pulsions". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COAZ2031.
Texto completo da fonteThe Experimental Diagnosis of Drives, also known as the "Szondi Test", is a projective method created by Léopold Szondi to explore the subject's unconscious drive aspirations. The theoretical-clinical aspects developed by Szondi or his successors are no longer to be demonstrated, but there is a gray area which is present and which has still not found an objective answer, which is the following: "How does this test work, in a scientific understanding and approach? ". This is why, using modern tools and means, we were able to test what was hidden behind these faces, behind these famous "evocative characters" that Szondi himself described to us in his book Experimental Diagnosis of Drives. Our research led us to study each face from the angle of emotional recognition, in order to understand the emotion that is present on each of them, in order to establish satisfactory theoretical-empirical bridges from the scientific point of view. Beyond this emotional recognition of each face, we have developed a model, which we have called the Emotional Dialectic, which is a multidimensional model making it possible to account for the Szondian theory in the light of its scientific understanding, a model taking up the works of Szondi as well as those of his successors, in order to make clear a point of obscurity which has come to taint the understanding of the work of Szondi, and which has strongly contributed to this work being almost forgotten. With the aim of understanding all the facets and the richness of the Szondian work, we also carried out certain experiments relating to the method of free judgments as well as the development of a rating protocol relating to the emotional quantum and not the drive quantum, in order to provide a finer understanding of the Experimental Diagnosis of Drives and its possibilities.The modern understanding of the Experimental Diagnosis of Drives also finds its corollary in the first Szondian work, which is the Analysis of Destiny, where a cross-reflection between Szondian thought of the first half of the 20th century and modern thought will be proposed, which comes to bring a scientific understanding to the Szondian intuition, in particular with regard to epigenetics and psychogenealogy.The Szondian clinic has also been put to the test, redesigned or augmented with other tests or practices (such as the Rorschach Test, the House Test or even Psychoboxing), and where we have been able to see that it proved to be very effective.This thesis, in its aspect of making understandable the Szondian theory as well as the projective method which underlies it on scientific foundations, aims to pay homage to a fruitful and still current thought, but which arrived too early in the history of the human sciences
Geay, Patrick. "La raison hermétique ou l'interprétation guénonienne du rejet du monde métaphysique et ses conséquences sur la compréhension de l'Imaginal". Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOL001.
Texto completo da fonteThe initial objective of this thesis is to put forward a critical examination of the contemporary hermeneutics of symbols in Freud, Jung, P. Ricoeur, Bachelard or and G. Durand owing to its psychologic al reductionism whose confused utilization of the imaginal notion (h. Corbin) by the new anthropological spirit constitutes a perfect example. The second objective is to seek the eventual causes of a secularization of the interpretation of the sacred from the medieval nominalism to modern linguistics, by way of the anti-iconic mysticism of s. John of the cross, the Cartesian dualism and the aesthetics of Kant, then of Hegel. Broadly speaking, one can observe, beginning with the indications given by R. Guenon, that a certain occidental rejection of the metaphysical world results in a radical separation between the intelligible and the sensitive. In order to resolve the situation, it seems necessary to revive an esoteric method of reading, present in the Hebraic, Christian and Muslim traditions. The doctrine of the khayal (imaginal) as specially formulated by Ibn'Arabi allows, around the central figure of Henoch Idris Hermes to restore a cosmic ontology of the symbolism and of the visionary which binds the image to the idea
Challiol-Gillet, Marie-Christine. "Schelling, une philosophie de l'extase : de l'intuition intellectuelle à l'extase de la raison, une tentative de compréhension de l'Absolu par la philosophie". Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100139.
Texto completo da fonteEcstasy - The power to transcend oneself and confront absolute difference, is a recurrent phrase in Schelling's latter philosophy. It is used mainly in two different ways: as the ecstasy of reason, it endows the latter, through the initial renunciation it implies, with the possibility of comprehending God the Maker, who can never be deduced a priori. As the ecstasy in God, it demonstrates God's almighty power and his liberty: God is self-assured enough to suppose what denies him. Those two different uses are closely linked, the ecstasy in God being the condition for the ecstasy of reason. Besides, ecstasy is the resulty of the transformation of intellectual intuition, a way of comprehending the absolute that used to prevail in the philosophy of the self, and the transition from one to the other therefore summarizes the evolution of the absolute itself in Schelling's philosophy. The argument here is states the continuity of the latter philosophy as a whole. The transformation of negative philosophy into rational science, the first part of the twofold work of which positive philosophy constitutes the second section. Is compatible with the persisting pre-eminence given to positive philosophy. The hypothesis of continuity must however akcnowledge its difficulties to account for Schelling's last work, which was unfortunately never completed
Noor, Ashraf. ""Natur und Geist" : un problème phénoménologique ?" Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010593.
Texto completo da fonteLéger, Elodie. "Interprétation des pronoms clitiques objets chez les enfants avec TSA et chez les enfants avec TSL. : étude comparative en suivi du regard". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR2025.
Texto completo da fonteIt is well-known that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often have language impairment. However, the nature of this impairment is still largely unknown. Some studies hold that language impairment in children with ASD is of the same nature as impairment found in children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI), whereas others argue that SLI and language impairment in ASD may be different both in their structure and their etiology. At the heart of this debate lies the difficulty of assessing language abilities of children with ASD, especially when active participation is required. Moreover, to date, few studies have investigated formal aspects of language in children with ASD in languages other than English. In this study, we explore real-time interpretation of grammatical cues in French-speaking children with ASD, with a focus on object clitics
Alamri, Shuaa. "Les usages et effets des TIC sur le développement de la compétence de compréhension orale de futures interprètes français-arabe : une recherche expérimentale menée à l'Université du Roi Saoud sur un dispositif numérique à visée professionnalisante". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2021. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2021_0014_ALAMRI.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis aims to assess the efficiency of the use of ICT for the acquisition of listening comprehension skills, as part of the French-Arabic interpreting training provided to Saudi students of the women’s section at the King Saud University (Riyadh). Having noted that the current training does not sufficiently equip students with the necessary skills for interpreting as a professional practice, notably as regards the listening comprehension of authentic oral speeches, the research has developed and tested a didactic device based on use of digital tools. This device aims, on the one hand, at confronting the students with authentic documents which allow them to better understand the French language and culture, and on the other hand, to allow them to develop new uses of ICT so that their learning practices meet the requirements of the profession. To asses this device, a quantitative and qualitative experimental approach has been choosen to compare progress in the listening comprehension skills of an experimental group of learners - using the device - with that of a control group - not using it – by means of performance tests carried out before and after the experiment. these results were crossed with data collected by a survey questioning the students’ use of ICTs before the experimentation, and a satisfaction questionnaire after the experimentation. It has been noted that the device has effect on the improvement of the listening comprehension skills of learners. Also, the device has been favorably received by the students who appreciated the use of ICT being part of their training. Moreover, the used device would allow us to address both the training needs in listening comprehension skills in the interpreting activity, and the attractiveness of Saudi female students for ICT. In a context in which Saudi women are entering the labor market, and are trained in single-sex education system, this research takes into account the gender dimension
Léger, Elodie. "Interprétation des pronoms clitiques objets chez les enfants avec TSA et chez les enfants avec TSL. : étude comparative en suivi du regard". Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR2025/document.
Texto completo da fonteIt is well-known that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often have language impairment. However, the nature of this impairment is still largely unknown. Some studies hold that language impairment in children with ASD is of the same nature as impairment found in children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI), whereas others argue that SLI and language impairment in ASD may be different both in their structure and their etiology. At the heart of this debate lies the difficulty of assessing language abilities of children with ASD, especially when active participation is required. Moreover, to date, few studies have investigated formal aspects of language in children with ASD in languages other than English. In this study, we explore real-time interpretation of grammatical cues in French-speaking children with ASD, with a focus on object clitics
Feuerhahn, Wolf. "Une science des qualités humaines : Max Weber et les débats sur la fonction de la psychologie pour les sciences de l’homme". Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1PH01.
Texto completo da fonteOne has often seen in Weber a scourge of psychology. Yet Weber doesn’t question psychology itself but rather the tendency to make of it the foundation of human sciences. From Herbart to Dilthey, this fundationalism showed its resonance. Weber identifies to those authors a common denominator, which is that psychology enables us to reach basic human facts that make up social phenomenon. He thinks it is illusory to determine the essence of social phenomena and defines sciences not according to their object’s ontological feature, but to their specific point of view. One should not try to found sciences onto one another but to consider them as complementary. Weber suggests to use psychology not as a foundation but as an auxiliary for sociology. As a ‘human qualities science’, sociology may explain behaviours with the help of psychology : it shows that they are the actualizations of each person’s dispositions, that are themselves the result in the human psyche of a multitude of factors
Sheng-Bin, Lin. "Mei "美" (le Beau), comme clef de compréhension de la pensée confucéenne". Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040194.
Texto completo da fonteThe thought of Confucius centers on Ren. For many sinologists, Lun-yu is not but a treaty of ethics and morality. For others, they see the development of an aesthetic vision of the world. But, the key to understand Confucius' thought is in the Sense of Moral or in the Sense of Beauty? My research will begin with a study of certain original texts of the Lun-Yu where appear more apparently the aesthetic sensibility of Confucius, and on which I propose that the Sense of Beauty can present itself as a key of understanding of all work of Confucius and all its thought. I hope that the fruit of this study will allow to make develop mutual understanding East-West at the same time as the fecundity of intercultural dialogue
Stauss, Dimitri. "Vers une compréhension des origines de Caravage : l'influence vénitienne par rapport à l'influence lombarde à travers le contexte historique, social et religieux du XVIe siècle". Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30087.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis deals with the problems of the Venetian influence in the paintings of Caravaggio. The different features of the art of Michelangelo Merisi are analysed and systematically compared to the Venetian's references, but also Lombards, Florentines and Romans. The social, religious and cultural contexts are also presented, as to highlight the major influence of literature, philosophy, theology, along with painter's acquaintances, influences wich are not merely pictorials. Firstly we paid particular attention to the artistic, political and religious in which the painter was immersed in Milano. The problem of the hypothetical journey in Venice is also treated. Then, we study the relative questions with regards to the chiaroscuro, to colour, to the drawings, to the landscapes, to the faces and to their natural effects shapes but also to their possible Venetian source. Lastly we use examples and comparisons with the main painters of the Serenissima such as Giorgione, Titian or Tintoret, in order to concretely define if one can establish any link between them and Caravaggio. It is essential to study the Lombard painting and the artists of the region of Milano whose influence was upmost primordial. Our study aims to establish the progress of research on the painter, but also to the offer links and interpretations so as the study progress
Viviand, Aline. "La compréhension des gentilés Polacy, Niemcy, Francuzi et Europejczycy par la jeunesse polonaise contemporaine : une étude ethnolinguistique". Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040172/document.
Texto completo da fonteOur study takes as its object the way the Polish youth understands today European ethnonyms such as Polacy (the Polish), Niemcy (the Germans), Francuzi (the French), and also the name Europejczycy (the Europeans) itself, several years after the accession of Poland to the European Union, following the fall of the communistic regime. These two historical events, these advances, could affect the way that Polish people perceive the world. This study situates itself in the mainstream of the cognitive linguistics research, which puts in the foreground the crucial link between language and thinking in the study of the semantic structures of language and aims to reach the speaking subject (as a member of a linguistic community), his perception and his conceptualization of the world (connected to his experience) together with his system of values. Therefore this thesis falls within the mainstream of the ethnolinguistic school of Lublin, the basic assumptions of which were described by Jerzy Bartmiński. According to this, the meaning of words such as Polacy, Niemcy, Francuzi and Europejczycy cannot be found in dictionaries, because their meaning exists primarily in the mind of the speakers
Guillermet, Pasquier Martine. "La quête de l'altérité dans l'oeuvre de Jean-Marie Le Clézio". Rouen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ROUEL165.
Texto completo da fonteSince 1963, J. M. G. Le Clézio's works have developed, largely fitting time. However this writing seens to take a new strength with the discovery of amerindian civilizations. Then it tells the history of anciant peoples, indians, touaregs or half-breed mauritians, peoples still existing but in danger of disappearance. These peoples are the others immemorial. These peoples are opposed to an aggressive and domination western world. Therefore two worlds exist. When the ones go without the others, the characters seem more to survivre. When the others go with the ones, everything seems to beliving and arouse interest. Then it can be said that reconcilation is the only future of beings whatever their roots. So it seems that Le Clézio has had only one main theme in all his works, whatever their form from Le Procès-verbal to Pawana which is the quest of otherness
Ngo, Van Hai. "L’apport de Léon Dehon à la spiritualité du Cœur du Christ : la compréhension de cette spiritualité chez Dehon en rapport avec l’engagement sociétal". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0282.
Texto completo da fonteLéon Dehon (1843-1925), the man of the Church at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century and the founder of the Congregation of Priests of the Sacred Heart of Saint-Quentin, refers extensively to Holy Scripture. This unceasing return to biblical texts, interpreted from a certain spirituality of the Heart of Christ, serves Dehon to explain his experience of faith. In addition, he was able to benefit from the knowledge and all the practice of the cult of the Heart of Jesus. From there, he in turn wanted to contribute and bring to his contemporaries innovations and concrete elements of this cult for the spiritual life and the societal involvement. But to what extent had this recourse to Scripture and the spirituality of the Heart of Jesus motivated and influenced his religious, social and societal commitment? It is the answer to this question that could reveal the specificity of Dehon's contribution to the spirituality of the Sacred Heart and elucidate what we nowadays call evangelization. Knowing this Dehon’s specificity certainly has a historical interest. We can indeed see that, thanks to the recurrent recourse to the Word of God and with his societal commitments as a priest, a writer and a lecturer, Dehon displayed a certain originality compared to other authors influenced by the spirituality of the Sacred Heart at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. To state this, it is important to study all of Dehon's writings called the Corpus dehonien, which contains Spiritual Writings, published between 1896 and 1923 and Social Writings published between 1894 and 1900. A comparative study should be made between Dehon's thought and other contemporary spiritual thoughts. But aside from this historical interest, there is also a theological and pastoral interest for the Church today. The study of the relation to Scripture in Dehon reveals the lively force of the Word of God which, constantly re-read and meditated, refines the key to interpretation. Just as the spirituality of the Heart of Christ evolves according to the biblical contribution that it gives itself as a task to interpret, so the perception of the contemporary world evolves according to the Gospel that it tries to bring to him
Dellas, Jean-Louis. "Métapsychologie, sujet et altérité. D'un inventaire de la métapsychologie freudienne par l'épistémologie et la clinique, vers une psychanalyse subjectale". Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT5040.
Texto completo da fonteA psychoanalytical oriented practice strenghtens the differential between clinic and theory and shows the clinical relevance of the subject concept missing in the freudian theory. A minimal psychological model of the subject and his otherness relationship is suggested for the study's aim. The virtually exhaustive analysis of the freudian text identifies the implied structure of metapsychology and its relation to the subject. .
Pwongo, Bope Libère. "Se comprendre historiquement : Enjeu herméneutique du rapport au texte et à la tradition. Gadamer versus Ricoeur". Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT5010.
Texto completo da fonteTo our knowledge, Ricoeur and Gadamer may have never really discussed in their respective understanding of the nature and the hermeneutical task. It seems that this debate is desirable, even urgent. If Ricoeur has always shown great interest in the philosophical hermeneutics of the man he called "my master" and that he discussed the thesis, it is striking that Gadamer contents itself with vague allusions to hermeneutic stakes of the work of the French philosopher. It is our today's responsibility to define the framework of this dialogue and to determine the conditions of possibility. It is not clear, as argued by many studies, we should renew the challenge of this supposed spring fundamental debate: on the one hand, the conflict between the requirement of the methods and rules of interpretation only likely to ensure the scientific nature of the act of interpretation, and, on the other hand, the demand of an ontological aim originally referred to the phenomenon of understanding, in essence unable to escape without any opportunity to defend himself, the charge of subjective arbitrariness. Therefore, standing away from these assumptions - they are some reasons - this thesis suggests rather that the possibility of dialogue between Gadamer and Ricoeur is based on the ability to go before, and with great patience, along the detour borrowed by both hermeneutist: there is the dia-logue if, and only if, what it referred to is mediated by the "thing itself " which, we believe, is irreducible to the opposition between "method" and " non- method". Because the "thing itself» is defined as the Horizon towards which moves any interpretation or understanding trial. In this sense, we argue that Gadamer's notion of hermeneutic experience is his best ally in the Ricoeur's category of the appropriation of the world that the text unfolds and the reader discovers. In one as in the other, the fundamental issue is the quest for self-understanding of the "subject" that is to say, enlargement and increasing its horizon of meaning but whose relationship to history any way remains problematic. It's that on the one hand, self-understanding is not freedom from the foggy part of the story that makes us; on the other hand, it can be said only within the limit and within the constitutive historicity of our linguistic horizon
Oursel, Élodie. "Des interactions de service entre francophones natifs et non natifs, analyse de la gestion de l'intercompréhension et perspectives didactiques". Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030170/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe object of this research is the co-building, maintaining and restoring of mutual understanding in face-to-face conversations. I study the way the participants of an encounter make sure that they give a common meaning to what they interpret. The first part of the thesis defines the key concepts and notions (the listener, the co-speaker – interprétant –, interpretation and mutual understanding – intercompréhension), it sets the conceptual back-ground of the work (constructivism and externalism), and it justifies the choice of the data used for the analyses. The corpus contains face-to-face conversations between administrative agents who are native speakers of French, and users, who are non native speakers. In the second part, I have studied the way agents help users build expectations, the way the listener shows that he is not satisfied with his interpretation, the way the speaker shows that he has identified a divergence between his interpretation and the listener’s, and the way they negotiate meaning. I have also analysed the impact of the kinds of tasks performed on the behaviour of the participants. These analyses have brought to light a set of cues, of forms, of types of reactions and of strategies that have been used in the third part to propose contents, techniques and activities for the teaching of French as a foreign language and for professional training. This work has a general aim related to teaching and didactics: it suggests to reconsider the teaching of listening so that it becomes an object of teaching, and not only a means to teach
Buard, Benjamin. "Contribution à la compréhension des signaux de fluxmétrie laser Doppler : traitement des signaux et interprétations physiologiques". Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00584166.
Texto completo da fonteBoiron, Véronique. "Conduites et mouvements interprétatifs lors de relectures d'albums et de reprises narratives dialoguées : interactions adulte-texte-enfant à l'école maternelle". Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H006.
Texto completo da fonteThis research is dedicated to the analysis of co-built dialogues in connection with written and illustrated stories between a teacher and children of 4-5 years old. We analyze how the modes of dramatized oral reading by adult constitutes the first mode of interpretative reading which gives the children access to an understanding of the stories. We show how these "dialogued narrative restatements" constitute the way in which the children access the understanding of the stories and the joint construction of interpretations, which will provide the development of their linguistic skills. Due to complexity and variety in their semiotic styles, familiarization with written stories is problematic for children. We assume that dialogues allow pre-reading children to build a methodology for the interpretation. This interpretive co-operation finds its effectiveness only thanks to the co-shoring of the ideas by the adult and the peers
Laurent, Sylvie. "L'appropriation du personnage des albums narratifs au cycle1 : développer une attitude empathique pour construire une posture de "pré-lecteur"". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALL005.
Texto completo da fonteMost French students still struggle when they are in high schools to be autonomous readers capable of infering or having a subjective insight into a character’s psychology. They hardly dare to express their views or make personal statements while accepting the ones made by their peers. In spite of an important breakthrough in the kindergarten curriculum for the teaching of literature one has to admit that children literature is not fully exploited by teachers in all its literary, cultural or aesthetic dimensions. Hence our interrogations about the way children books are perceived by young learners and about how to implement practices meant to develop reading skills that will be helpful for the grown up readers-to-be. It is logical to see the characters in children literature as an obvious tool to help young readers acquire those skills but the acquisition itself is far from being a natural process for young learners. To have a mental representation of fiction characters at an early stage is a necessary process that requires consistent practice. This leads us to wonder whether the idea of empathy inherent to the notions of selfhood and otherness can help the readers commit themselves fully in a work of fiction and build relationships between themselves and the outer world. This research aims at focusing on the teaching of literature in kindergarten based on the internalization of the characters in children books with an actancial and quinary schema which is meant to help the young learners become aware of their pre-reader status. This research is to find out to what extent being an empathetic senior kindergarten reader towards the characters can help reach a pre-reader status.An experiment will be carried out with reference and for comparison groups from five classes of senior kindergarten pupils with different social backgrounds in urban areas over one school year. The experimental protocol will involve the achievement of recorded debates, readers’s notebooks and story abstracts between the young readers. These materials will make it possible to gather all sorts of data such as quotes and surveys all meant to observe and compare the evolution of the young readers’ empathetic attitude and its benefits on larger social groups
Duvert, Frédéric. "Composition sémantique pour la langue orale". Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00609520.
Texto completo da fonteOursel, Elodie. "Des interactions de service entre francophones natifs et non natifs, Analyse de la gestion de l'intercompréhension et perspectives didactiques". Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00965674.
Texto completo da fonteRamirez, Ibanez Daniel. "Identité culturelle et dimension éthique. Une réflexion à partir de la pensée de Charles Taylor". Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040090.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is a research into the means of formulating an ethical theory of cultural identities adapted to multicultural societies in the present diversified world. It is based on philosopher Charles Taylor’s conceptual device, mainly on his conception of the identity of Self, dialogical and embedded in the framework of historical-cultural significance.. An exploration of different cultural identities expressed in a world of secular age, shows us the pertinence of the question on the recognition of cultures and on the necessity of going further into the methods to understand the other, inspired, as in the case of Taylor, by the Gadamerian hermeneutics. And for this, the distancing of ethnocentrism and a willingness to be open to the cultural difference seem indispensable. The practical application deployed in its efforts by the Commission of cultural accommodations in Quebec shows that this is possible and constitutes, perhaps, a way in future for some democratic societies where cultural differences could be lived peacefully, by laying a basis for an ethics of cultural identities
Koci, Sébastien. "De Mill à Kant : l'éthique utilitariste de Henry Sidgwick : étude et traduction de "The Methods of Ethics"". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAB011.
Texto completo da fonteOur doctoral work has two mutually dependent components. One part is on the translation of Henry Sidgwick’s book, The Methods of Ethics. A second part on the commentary of this book who has been waiting for a French translation since 1874. It is an effort of understanding through the process of translation. Our general problematic is to analyze Sidgwick’s attempt to reconcile the irreconcilable, that is, the private interests of the rational egoist with the search for general happiness, what Sidgwick calls the “dualism of practical reason”. This attempt is part of a complex pluralism in which the three methods induce an operative dialectic. This brings him closer to John Rawls, whose respective methodologies we compare with sacrificial ethics. It is also an opportunity to confront Henry Sidgwick with John Stuart Mill and Emmanuel Kant, to update the rationality of Sidgwick’s ethics and to understand how he uses philosophical intuitionism in the elaboration of his utilitarian system
Burger, Brice. "Fusion de données audio-visuelles pour l'interaction Homme-Robot". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00494382.
Texto completo da fonteKardos, Gábor. "La répétition fondatrice herméneutique fondamentale et ontologie de l'ipséité : lecture compréhensive confrontant Platon, Kierkegaard et Heidegger dans la perspective d'une critique principielle de l'interprétation historico-critique d'après la différence originaire entre œuvre et interprétation". Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040116.
Texto completo da fonteBurger, Brice. "Fusion de données audio-visuelles pour l'interaction homme-robot". Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/916/.
Texto completo da fonteIn the framework of assistance robotics, this PHD aims at merging two channels of information (visual and aiditive potentially avaible on a robot. The goal is ton complete and/ or conf rm data that an only channel could have supplied in order to perform advanced intatraction which goal is to interpret jointly speech gesture, in particular for the use of spatial references. In this thesis, we first de cribe the speech part of this work which consists in an embedded recognition and interpretation system for continuous speech. Then comes the vision part which is composed of a visual multi-target tracker that tracks, in 3D the head and the two hands of a human in front of the robot, and a second tracker for the head orientation. The outputs of these trackers are used to feed the gesture recognitive system described later. We continue with the description of a module dedicated to the fusion of the data outputs of these information sources in a probailistic framework. Last, we demonstrate the interest and feasibility of such a multimodal interface through some demonstrations on the LAAS-CNRS robots. All the modules described in this thesis are working in quasi-real time on these real robotic platforms
Vinguédassalom, Marie Dany. "Comprendre les relations interpersonnelles dans les organisations publiques au moyen de la systémique qualitative des communications : situations de services administratifs français". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON30014.
Texto completo da fonteOur resserearch focuses on interpersonal relationships within public administrative services. We focus on internal communication in "public" communication organizations. We are thus brought within the framework of the thesis, to be interested in the term "public communication", which is often distinguished from the term "private communication". First, theoretically, we have both explored the notion of "public" communication and deconstructed the categories generally used, and therefore builted our own "object" of study, before going on the ground that proposed us exchange situations at work. We then conducted a qualitative or subjective research in communication services, to show that the simplistic distinction between these two types of communication (public and private) is not so obvious. Indeed, the legitimacy of the name of public communication does not refer to the model transceiver, but to the "worlds of justification” of BOLTANSKI, THEVENOT and CHIAPELLO. We use the qualitative system of communications or relationships of Alex MUCCHIELLI to analyze our "object" of study. Method to construct the system of relations. Indeed, we adopt the epistemological position of Information and Communication Sciences (SIC) that are within the paradigm of understanding - in which to include the paradigm of complexity based on the systemism and constructivism. We answer then the question: "How a qualitative analysis of communications systems brings us to understand relationships within public administrative services."
Goria, Stéphane. "L'Expression du problème dans la Recherche d'Informations: Application à un contexte d'Intermédiation Territoriale". Phd thesis, Université Nancy II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011918.
Texto completo da fonteLanno, Régis. "Une sociologie de la littérature appliquée aux oeuvres : Maurice Blanchot, de l'entre-deux-guerres à la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG031.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this work is to define the conditions of possibility of a sociological approach applied to literary works. That approach is illustrated by the analysis of political and literary articles, and novels of the writer Maurice Blanchot, from the inter-war period to the end of the Second World War. We define sociology of literary works as an approach that must be able to produce knowledge about both content and style. We postulate that the theoretical framework of interpretive sociology is the most likely to answer the epistemological and methodological obstacles of such a perspective. We try to evidence that the understanding of the literary works and the literary practice of Blanchot can be achieved by the reconstruction of his socialization experiences: his family history, his relation to his body, to illness and to love. We also postulate that his political commitment at the far right and his radical view of literary practice are based on the same existential unease
Delagrave, Étienne. "Évaluation de la capacité des futurs enseignants en sciences à interpréter adéquatement les nouvelles scientifiques portant sur des études épidémiologiques". Mémoire, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1174/1/M10314.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteLaverdure, Eliane. "Penser la traduction dans une perspective herméneutique : la contribution de Gadamer à la traductologie". Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20291.
Texto completo da fonteRacette, Karl. "Le rôle du langage dans l'ouverture de l'être-au-monde : interprétation du chapitre V de la première partie d'Être et temps de Martin Heidegger". Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20298.
Texto completo da fonteMarques, da Silva Campos Flavia M. "La question de la traduction dans les pensées herméneutiques de Gadamer et de Ricœur". Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3462.
Texto completo da fonteThe hermeneutic thoughts of Gadamer and Ricœur both recognize a great importance, albeit somewhat discretely, to the issue of translation. They view it as a philosophical model of value, but treat it from rather different perspectives. Our study will present these two views of translation, insisting on both their similarities and differences. We will see that if for Gadamer, translation is used mostly to emphasise the universality of the linguistic element, Ricœur is mostly interested in its ethical implications, which remain only implicit in Gadamer’s thought.
Beaudry, Marie-Christine. "Recherche théorique sur le rôle de l'interprétation dans la lecture littéraire en contexte scolaire". Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18267.
Texto completo da fonteBeaudry, Marie-Christine. "Enseigner les stratégies de lecture littéraire au secondaire : une recherche développement autour du roman Nikolski de Nicolas Dickner". Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6483.
Texto completo da fonteHébert, Manon. "Co-élaboration du sens dans les cercles littéraires entre pairs en première secondaire : étude des relations entre les modalités de lecture et de collaboration". Thèse, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6794.
Texto completo da fonteBourdaleix-Manin, Anne-Laure. "Un autre regard sur le sens du musée à partir d'une lecture phénoménologique-herméneutique de la rencontre de visiteurs avec des oeuvres d'art antiques". Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17218.
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