Artigos de revistas: "Composite materials C"

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Okino, Fujio, e Michiya Ota. "Nano-C/C composite materials". TANSO 2006, n.º 223 (2006): 206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2006.206.

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Kimura, Shiushichi, e Eiichi Yasuda. "Carbon fiber reinforced carbon composite materials C/C composite." Bulletin of the Japan Institute of Metals 24, n.º 5 (1985): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia1962.24.403.

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AWASTHI, SHRIKANT, e JERRY L. WOOD. "C/C Composite Materials for Aircraft Brakes". Advanced Ceramic Materials 3, n.º 5 (setembro de 1988): 449–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.1988.tb00254.x.

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Wang, Jing, Jun Cong Wei, Chun Mei Wang e Qing Qing Zhao. "SiO/C Composite Materials for Lithium-Ion Secondary Batteries". Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (agosto de 2013): 1117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.1117.

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The SiO/C composite materials were prepared via a solution route and subsequent thermal treatment. The effects of carbon source on the particle morphology of composite, the graphitization degree of carbon component and the electrochemical performance of the prepared SiO/C composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectrometer and electrochemical charge/discharge tests. The results reveal that the SiO/C composite synthesized with the epoxy resin as carbon source exhibits the higher graphitic degree and higher reversible specific capacity (~690 mAhg-1) and excellent cycling stability.

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Li, Shengnan, Dong Du, Lei Zhang, Xiaoguo Song, Yongguang Zheng, Guoqin Huang e Weimin Long. "A review on filler materials for brazing of carbon-carbon composites". REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE 60, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2021): 92–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rams-2021-0007.

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Abstract It is needed to join C/C composite to other materials since its individual use is limited. Brazing is a method to join C/C composite that has been studied most, maturest and most widely used in recent decades. The quality of a brazed joint is largely determined by the intermediate layer material. It is significant to choose filler materials reasonably. C/C composite is difficult to be wetted by common brazing filler materials. Moreover, there is a large difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between C/C composite and metals. At present, there is no brazing filler alloy exclusively recommended for commercial C/C composites and metal brazing. Usually, active elements are added into filler metals to improve the wettability of them on C/C composite surface. The existing research includes Al-based, Ag-based, Cu-based, Ti-based, Ni-based brazing filler metals, and so on. In addition, various particle reinforced composite filler materials and stress buffer metal interlayer added composite filler materials have been studied for brazing C/C composite. The summarization of the overview on the application of intermediate filler metals is made in this paper. The basic reference basis is provided for the subsequent brazing filler metals development and joint performance improvement for C/C composite brazing.

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Bui, Thi Hang, e Ha Thang Doan. "Fabrication and properties of Fe3O4/C composite materials". Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 65 (25 de novembro de 2023): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjst.65(11).52-56.

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Climate change is currently one of the most serious problems facing the world. In this study, Fe3O4 powder was used as electrode active material, nanocarbon was used as an additive to fabricate Fe3O4/C composites applying for energy storage systems. The size and morphology of iron oxide and nanocarbon were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The effects of the additive, the content of the electrode components on the electrochemical properties of the Fe3O4/C composite electrode have been studied by cyclic voltammetry. The results showed that the content of the electrode components strongly affects the electrochemical characteristics of the electrode. The important role of the carbon additive in the Fe3O4/C composite electrode was confirmed: Nanocarbon increases the electrical conductivity of the electrode thereby enhancing the redox reaction rate of iron. The positive effect of the K2S additive in electrolyte was demonstrated by increased redox reaction rate of iron, improved cyclability of Fe3O4, reduced hydrogen evolution, and thus increased the discharge capacity of Fe3O4/C.

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Thakkar, Radhika, Anuj P. Maini, Sahil Mogla, Syed Shah Hussain Qadri, Praveen K. Varma e Alok Dubey. "Effect of Staining Beverages on Color Stability of Composite: A Spectrophotometric Study". Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 16, Suppl 1 (fevereiro de 2024): S389—S392. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_611_23.

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ABSTRACT Objective: This study used spectrophotometry to examine how staining beverages affect the color stability of three commercial composite materials (nanohybrid composite (A), bulk fill composite (B), and flowable composite (C)) over time. Materials and Methods: Composite discs were randomly divided into groups. The specimens were kept in coffee, tea, red wine, and cola for 14 days at 37°C in the dark. At baseline, 7 days, and 14 days, spectrophotometers measured color. Calculated and analyzed color differences (E). Results: Staining beverages changed the color of all composites. Composite material A had the best color stability, whereas material C stained beverages the most. Red wine and coffee discolored composites most. Discoloration increased over the 14-day immersion period. Conclusion: Composite materials with better color stability were material A. Red wine and coffee discolored composites most. When choosing restorative materials, dentists should consider composite materials’ color stability for long-lasting, visually acceptable results.

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Wielage, Bernhard, Daisy Weber, Tobias Müller e Heike Steger. "Thermo-Mechanical Monitoring of Composite Materials during the Pyrolysis of C/C Composites". Key Engineering Materials 425 (janeiro de 2010): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.425.95.

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Conventional mechanical and structural properties allow to describe the complete composite material. They do, however, not describe the reaction during the pyrolysis process. The dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) is a technique which is used to characterize materials. In particular, the DMTA method is used to observe the viscoelastic nature of polymers. Another interesting application area of the DMTA is the simulation of pyrolysis experiments to obtain carbon/carbon composites (C/C composites). The pyrolysis process of carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics (CFRP) was performed by means of inert gas (Ar, ambient pressure) under a defined time-temperature profile or alternatively approached by short time sweeps in a DMTA. So the temperature dependence of the elastic modulus (E-modulus) and of the internal damping (tan δ) are determined starting from the cured carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic to the transformed C/C composites. The analyses were applied for different matrix resins. The shown method improves the access to usually hidden mechanical and structural properties and requires further investigation of the entire polymerization and pyrolysis processes.

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Krnel, Kristoffer, Zmago Stadler e Tomaž Kosmač. "The Influence of SiC Nano-Precipitates on the Interface Structure in C/C-SiC Composites". Advances in Science and Technology 50 (outubro de 2006): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.50.46.

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The goal of our research is to develop a carbon-carbon-silicon carbide composite that will unite high fracture toughness of carbon-carbon composite with good oxidation and abrasion resistance and good thermal conductivity of silicon carbide. That can be achieved by the preparation of functionally graded C/C-SiC composites. For the production of C/C-SiC composites with a gradient structure of the ceramic matrix – from a carbon matrix in the core to a SiC matrix on the surface new materials based on C/C composite with SiC nano-particles dispersed in the matrix were produced. Since for the thermo-mechanical properties of such materials, the interface between the carbon fibres and the matrix phase is crucial, we studied the influence of SiC precipitation from the matrix phase on the interface structure and the mechanical properties of C/C-SiC composites. The results show that SiC nano-particels are precipitating around the carbon fibres influencing the interface structure and consequently also the mechanical properties.

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Yevtushenko, Aleksander, Michal Kuciej e Katarzyna Topczewska. "Frictional Heating during Braking of the C/C Composite Disc". Materials 13, n.º 12 (12 de junho de 2020): 2691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13122691.

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An analytical model to determine temperature in a single brake disc of multi-disc system is proposed. The model considers the convective cooling on the lateral surfaces of the disc and structure of composite friction material. Calculations were carried out for a disc made of carbon friction composites material Termar-ADF. The influence of heat transfer with environment, length of bundles with fibers, and concentration of fibers in composite on the temperature of the disc was investigated during single braking with constant deceleration.

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Muthiah, Jeno, e Lon J. Mathias. "Novel All-Hydrocarbon Thermosetting Resins as Matrix Materials for Carbon and Glass Fibre Composites Materials I: Reinforcements". Engineering Plastics 2, n.º 1 (janeiro de 1994): 147823919400200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147823919400200106.

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An all-hydrocarbon resin was synthesized using commercially available materials. The resin undergoes spontaneous cure at around 200°C and cationic cure at around 100°C. This resin gives composites with excellent properties when used with glass and carbon fibres. Flexural modulus values (DuPont DMA) of ca 66 GPa were obtained for carbon fibre composites compared to 42 GPa for epoxy/carbon composites made in our laboratories using commercially available materials. The modulus value at 300°C dropped to 10% of the room temperature value for epoxy composites, whereas the new material maintained 60% of its room temperature value. When brought back to ambient temperature, the modulus value had increased to 81 GPa for the new resin samples while that of the epoxy composite dropped to 23 GPa, Glass fibre composites with the new resin performed similar to the analogous epoxy material up to 200°C but maintained their properties up to 300°C while those of the epoxy composite were drastically reduced. Boiling water treatment had a large affect on the epoxy-glass samples but no observable affect on the glass composites made with the new resin. Scanning electron micrographs showed bonding of the new resin to both carbon and glass fibre surfaces. TGA analysis of both resin and composites showed decomposition beginning at 375°C. This new thermosetting resin thus offers a low-cost approach to glass and carbon composites possessing excellent thermal and physical properties, and out standing hydrolytic stability.

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Muthiah, Jeno, e Lon J. Mathias. "Novel All-Hydrocarbon Thermosetting Resins as Matrix Materials for Carbon and Glass Fibre Composites Materials I: Reinforcements". Polymers and Polymer Composites 2, n.º 1 (janeiro de 1994): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739119400200106.

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An all-hydrocarbon resin was synthesized using commercially available materials. The resin undergoes spontaneous cure at around 200°C and cationic cure at around 100°C. This resin gives composites with excellent properties when used with glass and carbon fibres. Flexural modulus values (DuPont DMA) of ca 66 GPa were obtained for carbon fibre composites compared to 42 GPa for epoxy/carbon composites made in our laboratories using commercially available materials. The modulus value at 300°C dropped to 10% of the room temperature value for epoxy composites, whereas the new material maintained 60% of its room temperature value. When brought back to ambient temperature, the modulus value had increased to 81 GPa for the new resin samples while that of the epoxy composite dropped to 23 GPa, Glass fibre composites with the new resin performed similar to the analogous epoxy material up to 200°C but maintained their properties up to 300°C while those of the epoxy composite were drastically reduced. Boiling water treatment had a large affect on the epoxy-glass samples but no observable affect on the glass composites made with the new resin. Scanning electron micrographs showed bonding of the new resin to both carbon and glass fibre surfaces. TGA analysis of both resin and composites showed decomposition beginning at 375°C. This new thermosetting resin thus offers a low-cost approach to glass and carbon composites possessing excellent thermal and physical properties, and out standing hydrolytic stability.

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Jiang, Da Hua, An Gui Li, Fa En Shi e Ru Shan Ren. "Mineral Sepiolite Energy-Saving Residential Materials". Advanced Materials Research 178 (dezembro de 2010): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.178.185.

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Mineral sepiolite as inorganic carrier, lauric acid(LA)-stearic acid(SA)as binary PCM(phase change material), CTAB as modifier, ethanol as solvent, mineral energy storage residential composite was prepared by intercalation, and the properties of composites were characterized using thermogravimetry(TG)/differential thermal analysis(DTA),scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD).Orthogo-nal experimental results show that the optimum proportion of composite materials is A3B2C1D3, the initial phase change temperature is 31.44 °C, phase transition peak temperature is 35.25°C, a wide range of endothermic peak is between 30.0~40.0°C, scope of phase change temperature is 3.81. LA-SA eutectic mixture could be retained by adding into 42.3 wt% porous sepiolite, treated at 80 °C. The weight loss of the composites is no more than 2% when melting/freezing cycling within 100°C, so it has good thermal reliability when applied to building material. Mainly due to relatively high content of mineral impurity, high temperature and CTAB can significantly help improve adsorption rate of mineral sepiolite. Sepiolite as a carrier material has features with low cost, broad sources, non-toxic and non-pollution. The composite material is a healthy residential energy-saving material, and it provides a good prospect for the realization of building energy efficiency, regulating room temperature in summer, and improving human comfort.

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Ruan, Chenglin, Junpeng Lv, Liping Zu, Lisheng Liu e Hai Mei. "Prediction of Thermo-Mechanical Properties of 8-Harness Satin-Woven C/C Composites by Asymptotic Homogenization". Materials 17, n.º 6 (11 de março de 2024): 1284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17061284.

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The elasticity matrix and the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of 8-harness satin-woven (8HS) carbon-fiber-reinforced carbon matrix (C/C) composites at high temperatures were obtained by the asymptotic homogenization method (AHM) and finite element method (FEM). By analyzing the microstructure of the 8HS C/C composites, a representative volume element (RVE) model considering a braided structure was established. The effects of the temperature and component volume fraction on the elasticity matrix and CTEs of the composites were investigated. The sensitivity of model parameters, including the size of RVE model and mesh sensitivity, were studied. The optimal calculation model was employed. In addition, the effects of the 4HS methods and 8HS methods on the elastic constants of the composites were compared. The temperature and variation in the carbon fiber volume fraction were found to have a significant impact on the elasticity matrix and CTEs of composite materials. At the same volume fraction of carbon fibers, some elastic coefficients of the 4HS composite material were slightly lower than those of 8HS composite material. This research affords a computational strategy for the accurate prediction of the themo-mechanical properties of satin-woven C/C composites.

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Evdokimov, S. A., S. St Solntsev, G. V. Yermakova e D. I. Davletchin. "High-temperature protective coating for C–C composite materials". «Aviation Materials and Technologies», n.º 3 (2016): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18577/2071-9140-2016-0-3-82-87.

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Wu, Chuan Bao, e Bo Qiao. "URSS/PVA/WP Composite Materials: Preparation and Performance". Advanced Materials Research 968 (junho de 2014): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.968.80.

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A novel kind of environmentally friendly composite materials containing upper part of rice straw segments (URSS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and waste paper (WP) were prepared by hot-pressing at 140°C for 10 min. The tensile strength, tensile elongation and hardness of composites were measured. Results showed that the tensile strength and the strength at tensile break of the composites first increased and then decreased with increasing PVA content. Tensile strength was higher than the strength at tensile break at different PVA contents, indicating that URSS/PVA/WP composite materials had certain toughness. Otherwise, URSS/PVA/WP composite materials had higher tensile strength than URSS/PVA composites. The tensile strengths of them were respectively 9.25 MPa and 3.9 MPa when prepared at PVA content of 40%. The hardness of composites lay between 90 and 96. Negligible difference exists in every composite.

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Chmielewski, Marcin, Remigiusz Michalczewski, Witold Piekoszewski e Marek Kalbarczyk. "Tribological Behaviour of Copper-Graphene Composite Materials". Key Engineering Materials 674 (janeiro de 2016): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.674.219.

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In the present study, the influence of the volume fraction of graphene on the tribological properties of copper matrix composites was examined. The composites were obtained by the spark plasma sintering technique in a vacuum. The designed sintering conditions (temperature 950°C, pressing pressure 50 MPa, time 15 min) allowed obtaining almost fully dense materials. The tribological behaviour of copper-graphene composite materials was analysed. The tests were conducted using a CSM Nano Tribometer employing ball-on-plate tribosystem. The friction and wear behaviour of copper-graphene composite materials were investigated. An optical microscope, interferometer, and scanning electron microscope were used to analyse the worn surfaces. In friction zone, the graphene acts as a solid lubricant, which results in the increase in the content in the composites positively influencing the tribological characteristics of the steel- Cu-graphene composite.

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Zhu, Dong Mei, Hong Na Du, Fa Luo e Wan Cheng Zhou. "Preparation and Mechanical Properties of C/C-SiC Composites". Materials Science Forum 546-549 (maio de 2007): 1501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.546-549.1501.

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Porous C/C composite with certain porosity prepared by Chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) was chosen as the preforms to develop the C/C-SiC composites through precursor infiltration and pyrolysis(PIP), using PCS (polycarbosilane) as the precursor and divinylbenzene as solvent and cross-linking reagent for PCS. The effect of the infiltration solution with different PCS/DVB ratio on the final density, microstructure, and mechanical properties of composites was investigated and the proper PCS/DVB ratio to prepare the C/C-SiC composites was suggested. The experimental results showed that the final densities and the mechanical properties of the composites were close related to the PCS/DVB ratio. Higher PCS/DVB ratio resulted in higher final density and better mechanical properties, but not the highest PCS/DVB ratio could get the best mechanical properties. The main reason is that too high PCS/DVB ratio will make the infiltration process become difficult and lead to the formation of lots of pores in the final composite, at last lowers the mechanical properties. It is believed that the 50% PCS content is proper to prepare the C/C-SiC composites. The composite from 50% PCS infiltration solution could get the final density of1.696g/cm3, the flexural strength of 171Mpa, and shearing strength of 21.6Mpa, which are the best mechanical results among the obtained materials.

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Skalková, P., V. Krmelová, J. Krmela, D. Ondrušová, A. Crkoň e E. Benčiková. "Composite Materials with Epoxy Matrix and Their Properties". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1199, n.º 1 (1 de novembro de 2021): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1199/1/012030.

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Abstract This work was focused on studying the properties of epoxy (EP) composite materials reinforced with glass, (GF) carbon (CF) and aramid (AF) fibres. The composites were made by hand lay-up (HL) and vacuum infusion process (VIP) with 8, 10, 12 number of fabric layers. Studied were tensile strength, elongation, flexural stress, flexural strain, thermal stability, texture of surfaces, cuts, fractures of laminates and the thickness of the laminate according to the type and number of layers of fabric and the method of manufacture. Composites made by VIP achieve better mechanical properties than composites made by HL. Tensile strength was highest in composites reinforced with AF. Composite materials reinforced with GF exhibit the lowest values of tensile strength. Flexural strength was significantly the highest in CF reinforced composites followed by the laminates reinforced with GF and AF. The highest values of flexural deformation were measured in composites reinforced with AF and the lowest values of flexural deformation were measured in composites reinforced with CF. By thermogravimetric analysis (TG) was recorded weight loss of the EP matrix in the range from 290 to 480 °C and AF in range from 530 to 605 °C. By TG was demonstrated lower content of EP matrix in the composites made by VIP, which was confirmed by comparison of thickness of the studied laminates.

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Platnieks, Oskars, Sergejs Gaidukovs, Anda Barkane, Gerda Gaidukova, Liga Grase, Vijay Kumar Thakur, Inese Filipova, Velta Fridrihsone, Marite Skute e Marianna Laka. "Highly Loaded Cellulose/Poly (butylene succinate) Sustainable Composites for Woody-Like Advanced Materials Application". Molecules 25, n.º 1 (28 de dezembro de 2019): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25010121.

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We report the manufacturing and characterization of poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) and micro cellulose (MCC) woody-like composites. These composites can be applied as a sustainable woody-like composite alternative to conventional fossil polymer-based wood-plastic composites (WPC). The PBS/MCC composites were prepared by using a melt blending of 70 wt% of MCC processed from bleached softwood. MCC was modified to enhance dispersion and compatibility by way of carbodiimide (CDI), polyhydroxy amides (PHA), alkyl ester (EST), (3-Aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APTMS), maleic acid anhydride (MAH), and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI). The addition of filler into PBS led to a 4.5-fold improvement of Young’s modulus E for the MCC composite, in comparison to neat PBS. The 1.6-fold increase of E was obtained for CDI modified composition in comparison to the unmodified MCC composite. At room temperature, the storage modulus E′ was found to improve by almost 4-fold for the APTMS composite. The EST composite showed a pronounced enhancement in viscoelasticity properties due to the introduction of flexible long alkyl chains in comparison to other compositions. The glass transition temperature was directly affected by the composition and its value was −15 °C for PBS, −30 °C for EST, and −10 °C for MAH composites. FTIR indicated the generation of strong bonding between the polymer and cellulose components in the composite. Scanning electron microscopy analysis evidenced the agglomeration of the MCC in the PBS/MCC composites. PMDI, APTMS, and CDI composites were characterized by the uniform dispersion of MCC particles and a decrease of polymer crystallinity. MCC chemical modification induced the enhancement of the thermal stability of MCC composites.

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Rurua, Lamara, Levan Khundadze e Lili Nadaraia. "Sintering of TiB2-TiC-SiC Composite Materials by Combined SPS/SHS Method". Materials Science Forum 1067 (10 de agosto de 2022): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-r40082.

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The work aimed to determine the influence of iron-nickel alloy on the SPS sintering process of the TiB2-TiC-SiC composite. Composite casts were prepared with and without the additive of iron-nickel alloy to lower the sintering temperature. Composites were obtained by different methods. Samples were sintered directly from compounds and by a combined method where synthesis and sintering were conducted at the same time during SPS. The structure and properties of the composites were studied and compared. The addition of iron-nickel alloy allows sintering composites at lower temperatures, in addition, it reduces the porosity of the composite as iron-nickel alloy grains are placed between the composite grains and fill the gaps between the matrix polycrystals. Attention to ceramic matrix composite of the TiB2-TiC-SiC type is since they are characterized by a high melting point, high toughness, and high corrosion resistance. Above mentioned matrix was obtained at the temperature-1550°C by the SPS method. The addition of the iron-nickel alloy lowered it to 1200°C.

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Zhao, Liang, Rui Ying Ma, Xiang Lan Meng, Gang Wang e Xiang Chen Fang. "Characterization and Preparation of Paraffin/Modified Inorganic Porous Materials Composites as Building Energy Storage Materials". Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (janeiro de 2012): 1419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.1419.

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Paraffin and modified inorganic porous materials composites as phase change energy storage materials were prepared by absorbing paraffin in porous network of inorganic materials. In composite materials, paraffin was used as phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy storage, and γ-Al2O3 acted as supporting material, ethanol was solvent. A series of characterization were conducted to analyse and test the performance of the composite materials, and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) results showed that the PCM-3 composite has the melting latent heat of 115.9 kJ/kg with melting temperature of 63.0°C. Due to the capillary and surface tension forces between paraffin and γ-Al2O3, the leakage of melted paraffin from the composites can be prevented. Several kinds of paraffin mixtures were also studied by adsorbing into the supporting materials, so that the composite energy storage materials with different phase change temperature can be used in the building wall to storage thermal of different regions. In a word, the paraffin/γ-Al2O3 composites have a good thermal stability and can be used repeatedly.

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Lu, Fei, Liang Lu, Jian Liu, Xianjuan Pang e Chenfei Song. "Tribological Properties and Wear Mechanism of C/C Composite Applied in Finger Seal". Machines 11, n.º 2 (28 de janeiro de 2023): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11020176.

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The application of C/C composites in finger seals can effectively solve the problem of seal wear due to its excellent tribological and mechanical behaviors. However, the designable characteristics of composites, such as the density and orientation of fabric on the friction plane, have a very important influence on the tribological properties and service life of sealing materials. In order to obtain a better material design scheme for the C/C composite on the finger seal, it is necessary to conduct research on the tribological properties and wear mechanism of the C/C composite based on the working conditions of the finger seal. Therefore, a reciprocating tribo-tester was used to conduct the test by abrading the C/C composite disk with a pin made of 1045,080M46. The effects of material density, fabric orientation, and load and sliding velocity on the tribological properties and wear mechanism of the C/C composite were studied. The results show that the friction coefficient and wear rate of the composite with a perpendicular orientation (non-woven cloth perpendicular to the friction plane) were lower than those with a parallel orientation (non-woven cloth parallel to the friction plane). The tribological properties with higher density are better than those of material with a lower density. The friction coefficient of low-density material increases with the load, whereas it decreases gradually with high-density material. The wear rate increases with the load for two-density materials. With the increase in the sliding velocity, the friction coefficient decreases. The wear rate of low-density material decreases significantly, whereas it changes little with high-density material. The influence of the sliding velocity on the friction and wear properties of the C/C composite is greater than that of the load. This study provides a feasible material design idea for effectively alleviating the wear of finger seals.

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Kim, Byung-Kook, Dong-Gap Shin, Chang-Lae Kim, Byeong-Choon Goo e Dae-Eun Kim. "Tribological Characteristics of C/C-SiC-Cu Composite and Al/SiC Composite Materials under Various Contact Conditions". Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A 41, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2017): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/ksme-a.2017.41.1.021.

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Ghani, Nurul Farah Qurratu Aini, Nurjannah Salim, Nurul Huda Abu Bakar, Rasidi Roslan e Agus Geter Edy Sutjipto. "Effect of Coupling Agent on the Properties of Pineapple Leaf Fiber/ Polypropylene Composite". Key Engineering Materials 975 (23 de fevereiro de 2024): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-eia5mh.

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Natural fibre matrix composites have been utilized in numerous industries, including the automotive, construction, and aerospace sectors. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was used in this study to examine the effect of the coupling agent on the properties of a composite-produced using pineapple leaf fibre. The weight ratios of pineapple leaf fibre, polypropylene, and MAPP were 20g:180g, 15g:180g:5g, and 10g:180g:10g, respectively. The materials were mixed using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder machine at 170 °C and 50 rpm. The composite was then manufactured by injection molding at 185 °C. The mechanical and physical properties of PALF composite were examined by using a tensile test, impact test, and water absorption test. Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) was used to characterize the thermal properties of PALF/PP, and PALF/PP/MAPP composite. The surface morphology and fracture surface of the composite was characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Compared to the composite containing 5 g of MAPP, the tensile strength composite containing 10 g of MAPP produced a stronger interfacial bond. According to the impact test, adding more MAPP increases the material's strength and stress transmission. The average percentage of water absorption indicates low water absorption after the addition of the coupling agent. It can be concluded that the addition of a coupling agent improved the composite's properties.

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Włodarczyk-Fligier, Anna, Maciej Dyzia e Magdalena Polok-Rubiniec. "TEM Investigations of Aluminium Composite Materials Reinforced with Ti(C,N) Ceramic Particles". Solid State Phenomena 229 (abril de 2015): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.229.57.

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Investigations of composite materials based on EN AW-AlCu4Mg1 (A) aluminium alloy reinforced with Ti (C,N) particles with weight ratios of 5, 10, and 15% are presented in this paper. The metallographic investigations of composite materials show banding of the reinforcing particles in aluminium matrix after the performed extrusion process. The structure observed in composites materials is oriented parallel to the extrusion direction. The amount of reinforcement particles Ti (C,N) has influence on the mechanical properties of the obtained composite materials. The increase of hardness is observed with the growth of the amount of reinforcement particles. Hardness increased from 89 HV1 for the material without the reinforcing phase to 143 HV1 for 15% of the Ti (C,N) reinforced material.Based on the microstructural investigations of the obtained composite materials, the uniform distribution of the reinforcing particles in the aluminium matrix was also revealed in the obtained structure.

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Bordun, Ihor, e Ewelina Szymczykiewicz. "Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Fe3O4/C Nanocomposites for Symmetric Supercapacitors". Applied Sciences 14, n.º 2 (12 de janeiro de 2024): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14020677.

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In the work, nanostructured Fe3O4/C composites based on natural raw materials (beet pulp and corn stalks) are synthesised in various ways. Iron chloride FeCl3 is used as an activator. The synthesised composites are investigated using the following methods, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, nitrogen adsorption/desorption porometry, magnetometry, impedance and galvanostatic measurements. The presence of nanosized Fe3O4 magnetite in the synthesised carbon structures is disclosed. Based on the magnetic measurements, the particle size of Fe3O4 is on average 50 nm for the sample of the composite synthesised from beet pulp in one step, 30 nm for the sample of the composite synthesised from beet pulp in two steps, 33 nm for the composite synthesised from corn stalks in one step, and 29 nm for the composite synthesised from corn stalks in two steps. It is shown that the two-step synthesis using pre-carbonised raw materials gives the specific capacitance of the composite made with beet pulp at 96 F/g, and for the composite made with corn stalks at 95 F/g. The high coulombic efficiency (>95%) and the stability of the electrical capacitance during long-term cycling make it possible to use Fe3O4/C composites for the manufacture of supercapacitor electrodes with aqueous electrolytes.

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Chen, Wang. "Numerical analyses of ablative behavior of C/C composite materials". International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 95 (abril de 2016): 720–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.12.031.

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Cao, Jun, Jianbin Chen, Xinbo Wang e Jingbo Wen. "Tribology and Anti-Ablation Properties of SiC-VN-MoS2/Ta Composite Coatings on Carbon/Carbon Composites from 25 to 800 °C". Materials 14, n.º 22 (10 de novembro de 2021): 6772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14226772.

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To improve the self-lubrication and anti-ablation performances of C/C (carbon/carbon) composites from 25 to 800 °C, we engineered three layers of composite coatings consisting of SiC–VN–MoS2/Ta to deposit on the surface of the C/C composites. The tribology and anti-ablation properties of the composite coatings were experimented under dry sliding wear. The equivalent stress and deformation of the composite coatings are studied. The results show that the CoFs (coefficients of friction) of the C/C composites are decreased by 156% at 800 °C due to the new generated self-lubricating compounds from the MoS2/Ta and VN coating. The anti-ablation of the C/C composites are improved by 25,300% due to the silicon glass, and the generated compounds from V, Mo and Si. The deformation of the C/C substrate under the protection of these coatings looks like a quadrangular star. The cack of the C/C composites is easily generated without the protection from coatings.

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Rajaram, Srinivasan, Thirugnanam Subbiah, Parammasivam Kanjikovil Mahali e Muthuramalingam Thangaraj. "Effect of Age-Hardening Temperature on Mechanical and Wear Behavior of Furnace-Cooled Al7075-Tungsten Carbide Composite". Materials 15, n.º 15 (3 de agosto de 2022): 5344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15155344.

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In this study, aluminum alloy (Al7075) composites with a 4% weight fraction of tungsten carbide (WC) were manufactured using a stir casting process and the developed composites were subjected to various ageing temperatures. An attempt has been made to predict the age-hardening temperature with the enhanced mechanical and wear properties of Al7075-WC. The result shows that the composite specimen aged at 250 °C offered maximum tensile strength and the Brinell hardness number was increased by 37.1% and 50.5%, respectively; the maximum impact energy was observed to be 92.2% for the 450 °C aged composites, compared to the non-aged Al7075-WC composites. The strength properties of the Al7075-WC composite decreased to 30.86%, 4.7%, and 24.9% when the composite specimens aged at 350 °C. The mechanical properties of the Al7075-WC composite were increased at the age-hardening temperatures from 150 °C to 250 °C and decreased from 250 °C to 350 °C. The wear testing pin-on-disc setup utilized to determine the wear characteristics of the prepared MMC with wear parameters of load and sliding distance and the wear resistance of the composite specimens increased due to ageing. The fractography analysis of the composite samples carried out by scanning electron microscope (SEM) images revealed that the fracture of the composite during the tensile test is a mixture of ductile and brittle modes.

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Veillère, Amélie, Hiroki Kurita, Akira Kawasaki, Yongfeng Lu, Jean-Marc Heintz e Jean-François Silvain. "Aluminum/Carbon Composites Materials Fabricated by the Powder Metallurgy Process". Materials 12, n.º 24 (4 de dezembro de 2019): 4030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12244030.

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Aluminum matrix composites reinforced with carbon fibers or diamond particles have been fabricated by a powder metallurgy process and characterized for thermal management applications. Al/C composite is a nonreactive system (absence of chemical reaction between the metallic matrix and the ceramic reinforcement) due to the presence of an alumina layer on the surface of the aluminum powder particles. In order to achieve fully dense materials and to enhance the thermo-mechanical properties of the Al/C composite materials, a semi-liquid method has been carried out with the addition of a small amount of Al-Si alloys in the Al matrix. Thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion were enhanced as compared with Al/C composites without Al-Si alloys and the experimental values were close to the ones predicted by analytical models.

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Jubsilp, Chanchira, Jakkrit Jantaramaha, Phattarin Mora e Sarawut Rimdusit. "Tribological Performance and Thermal Stability of Nanorubber-Modified Polybenzoxazine Composites for Non-Asbestos Friction Materials". Polymers 13, n.º 15 (23 de julho de 2021): 2435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13152435.

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Asbestos-free friction composite based on ultrafine full-vulcanized acrylonitrile butadiene rubber particles (UFNBRPs)-modified polybenzoxazine was successfully developed. The UFNBRPs-modified polybenzoxazine friction composite was characterized for chemical, tribological, and mechanical properties as well as thermal stability. The UFNBRPs not only act as a filler to reduce noise in the friction composites due to their suitable viscoelastic behaviors but also play a key role in friction modifiers to enhance friction coefficient and wear resistance in the polybenzoxazine composites. The chemical bonding formation between UFNBRPs and polybenzoxazine can significantly improve friction, mechanical, and thermal properties of the friction composite. The outstanding tribological performance of the friction composite under 100–350 °C, i.e., friction coefficients and wear rates in a range of 0.36–0.43 and 0.13 × 10−4–0.29 × 10−4 mm3/Nm, respectively, was achieved. The high flexural strength and modulus of the friction composite, i.e., 61 MPa and 6.4 GPa, respectively, were obtained. The friction composite also showed high thermal stability, such as 410 °C for degradation temperature and 215 °C for glass transition temperature. The results indicated that the obtained UFNBRPs-modified polybenzoxazine friction composite meets the industrial standard of brake linings and pads for automobiles; therefore, the UFNBRPs-modified polybenzoxazine friction composite can effectively be used as a replacement for asbestos-based friction materials.

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Wang, Jing, Jia Ming Tian, Jun Cong Wei e Chun Mei Wang. "Studies on the Electrochemical Behavior of Sio/C Anode Materials by AC Impedance Method". Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (maio de 2013): 967–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.967.

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SiO-based materials as a new anode material has attracted widespread attention in lithium-ion battery industry for their high theoretical specific capacities. In this work, the SiO/C composites were prepared by a modified stöber method with TEOS and organic compounds (epoxy resin and sugar) as raw materials. The electrochemical performance of the prepared SiO/C composites were investigated by electrochemical charge/discharge tests and AC impedance method. As carbon source, epoxy resin can make the SiO/C composite with a higher specific capacity and stable electrode structure during charge/discharge process. The EIS results reveal that the SiO/C composite electrode derived from epoxy resin exhibits a higher lithium ion diffusion coefficient.

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Polotnyanshchikov, K. S., V. E. Yudin, V. M. Svetlichny e G. V. Vaganov. "Lightweight thermo- and heat-resistant composite materials based on polyimide foam". Voprosy Materialovedeniya, n.º 3(115) (14 de outubro de 2023): 178–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2023-115-3-178-187.

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A prepolymer foaming composition based on 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride methyl ester and diamines: 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane and m-phenylenediamine for the production of high-temperature polyimide foam (PIF) is proposed. The p ossibility o f u sing P IF a s a b inder f or c omposite materials (foam composites) reinforced with carbon or organic fibers with low density (0.4–1.1 g/cm3) a s a result of foaming of the binder during the formation of the foam composite is shown. The density and mechanical properties of the foam composite can vary within a relatively wide range depending on the volume content of the fiber and air pores. The high glass transition temperature of 260°C, combined with the high thermal stability of carbon or polyimide fibers, contributes to the retention of the mechanical properties of such composites at elevated temperatures. The temperature of the start of mass loss of the foam composite must be at least 550°C, and it depends on the type of fibrous material. The combination of the excellent thermal and mechanical properties of lightweight PIF composites, together with the exceptional fire resistance of polyimide materials, may provide new applications in advanced aircraft and shipbuilding technologies.

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Krishna Sastry, K. V., e V. Seshagiri Rao. "Multi Response Optimization of Carbon-Carbon (C/C) Drilling Parameters by Using Grey Theory Technique". Advanced Materials Research 936 (junho de 2014): 1801–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.1801.

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The objective of this paper is to determine the optimum values of drilling parameters of carbon fibre reinforced carbon (CFRC) composite material with the help of an experimental investigation, which includes the application of unique Grey theory method. The growing application of CFRC composites, which are popularly known as ‘carbon-carbon’ composites in Aerospace, Automobile, Defence and other advanced industries has prompted research studies to develop drilling technology of these special materials. The present work demonstrates the optimization process of multiple responses.The optimum values of drilling characteristics of these composites are calculated by the application of Taguchi method in combination with Grey Relational Analysis technique. The drilling experiments were carried with a High speed steel tool on a plate of carbon-carbon composite material on a CNC Drilling vertical Machining centre.

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Brodeur, Sheri A., Wayne Huebner, James P. Runt e Robert E. Newnham. "Phase change materials for thermal stabilization of composite thermistors". Journal of Materials Research 6, n.º 1 (janeiro de 1991): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1991.0175.

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The objective of this investigation was to develop a triphasic PTC thermistor composite which incorporated a phase capable of absorbing heat at a critical temperature, and thus limiting deleterious effects associated with thermal runaway. The system chosen for study was pentaerythritol incorporated into a carbon black–polyethylene thermistor system. Pentaerythritol exhibits a first order tetragonal to cubic phase transition at 185 °C, with a 1.87 to 3.18 J/°C · g change in specific heat and a 425 J/cm3 heat of transition. Composites with room temperature resistivities as low as 0.1 Ω · m, a PTCR effect of up to six orders of magnitude, and reproducible temperature-cycling behavior were developed. The pentaerythritol introduced thermal delays up to 7 min at 185 °C and substantially increased the electrical and mechanical stability of the composites with temperature and voltage cycling. High fields imparted irreversible effects in these composites as reflected by an increase in the room temperature and high temperature resistivity.

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Wijaya, Alfan, Tarmizi Taher, Aldes Lesbani e Risfidian Mohadi. "Variation of M2+ (Ni and Zn) in Cellulose-based M2+/Cr Composite Materials to Determine Adsorption and Regeneration Abilities on Phenol Removal". Science and Technology Indonesia 7, n.º 4 (31 de outubro de 2022): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26554/sti.2022.7.4.461-468.

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Cellulose-based Ni/Cr (Ni/Cr-C) and cellulose-based Zn/Cr (Zn/Cr-C) composite materials have been successfully carried out, which is indicated by the XRD, FTIR, and BET analysis. Layered double hydroxide Ni/Cr (Ni/Cr-LDH) increased surface area from 0.128 m2/g to 2.207 m2/g in Ni/Cr-C composites, and layered double hydroxide Zn/Cr (Zn/Cr-LDH) also increased surface area from 0.133 m2/g to 3.714 m2/g in Zn/Cr-C composites. The pHpzc of the material in this study is pH 5.94-8.43, while the optimum pH of all materials is pH 9. Ni/Cr-LDH experienced an increase in adsorption capacity after becoming a Ni/Cr-C composite, from 8.985 mg/g to 24.510 mg/g, and Zn/Cr-LDH experienced an increase in adsorption capacity from 13.263 mg/g to 30.960 mg/g in Zn/Cr-C. Zn/Cr-C composite material has a greater adsorption ability than Ni/Cr-C. Kinetic and isotherm model in this study followed by PSO kinetic with optimum contact time at 70 minutes and Freundlich isotherm. Ni/Cr-C and Zn/Cr-C composite materials can be used repeatedly in the regeneration process until the 4th cycle.

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Zhu, Shijie, Takashi Gomyou, Yasuo Ochi, Toshio Ogasawara e Takashi Ishikawa. "Effects of loading rate and temperature on tensile behavior of orthogonal three-dimensional woven Si–Ti–C–O fiber/Si–Ti–C–O matrix composites". Journal of Materials Research 19, n.º 10 (1 de outubro de 2004): 2964–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2004.0375.

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Effects of loading rate and temperature on tensile behavior have been studied in air using two kinds of orthogonal three-dimensional woven Si–Ti–C–O fiber-reinforced Si–Ti–C–O matrix composites, processed by polymer infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) and chemical vapor infiltration (CVI). Since the interphase and porosity of the two composites are controlled in as similar a manner as possible, the effect of matrix processing method is understood. The strength of the PIP composite is greater than that of the CVI composite at room temperature, but they are almost the same at high temperatures. It was found that the PIP composite is more sensitive to loading rate than the CVI composite due to more glassy phases in the PIP composite.

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Mandell, J. F., D. H. Grande e J. Jacobs. "Tensile Behavior of Glass/Ceramic Composite Materials at Elevated Temperatures". Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 109, n.º 3 (1 de julho de 1987): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240035.

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This paper describes the tensile behavior of high-temperature composite materials containing continuous Nicalon ceramic fiber reinforcement and glass and glass/ceramic matrices. The longitudinal properties of these materials can approach theoretical expectations for brittle matrix composites, failing at a strength and ultimate strain level consistent with those of the fibers. The brittle, high-modulus matrices result in a nonlinear stress-strain curve due to the onset of stable matrix cracking at 10 to 30 percent of the fiber strain to failure, and at strains below this range in off-axis plies. Current fibers and matrices can provide attractive properties well above 1000°C, but composites experience embrittlement in oxidizing atmospheres at 800 to 1000°C due to oxidation of a carbon interface reaction layer. The oxidation effect greatly increases the interface bond strength, causing composite embrittlement.

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Sun, Qian, Huifeng Zhang, Chuanbing Huang e Weigang Zhang. "Fabrication of C/C–SiC–ZrB2 Ultra-High Temperature Composites through Liquid–Solid Chemical Reaction". Crystals 11, n.º 11 (7 de novembro de 2021): 1352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11111352.

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In this paper, we aimed to improve the oxidation and ablation resistance of carbon fiber-reinforced carbon (CFC) composites at temperatures above 2000 °C. C/C–SiC–ZrB2 ultra-high temperature ceramic composites were fabricated through a complicated liquid–solid reactive process combining slurry infiltration (SI) and reactive melt infiltration (RMI). A liquid Si–Zr10 eutectic alloy was introduced, at 1600 °C, into porous CFC composites containing two kinds of boride particles (B4C and ZrB2, respectively) to form a SiC–ZrB2 matrix. The effects and mechanism of the introduced B4C and ZrB2 particles on the formation reaction and microstructure of the final C/C–SiC–ZrB2 composites were investigated in detail. It was found that the composite obtained from a C/C–B4C preform displayed a porous and loose structure, and the formed SiC–ZrB2 matrix distributed heterogeneously in the composite due to the asynchronous generation of the SiC and ZrB2 ceramics. However, the C/C–SiC–ZrB2 composite, prepared from a C/C–ZrB2 preform, showed a very dense matrix between the fiber bundles, and elongated plate-like ZrB2 ceramics appeared in the matrix, which were derived from the dissolution–diffusion–precipitation mechanism of the ZrB2 clusters. The latter composite exhibited a relatively higher ZrB2 content (9.51%) and bulk density (2.82 g/cm3), along with lower open porosity (3.43%), which endowed this novel composite with good mechanical properties, including pseudo-plastic fracture behavior.

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Liang, Lingrui, Pei Wang, Zhihong Li e Yumei Zhu. "Preparation and Characterization of Bismaleimide-Resin-Based Composite Materials". Materials 17, n.º 8 (10 de abril de 2024): 1727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17081727.

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This study utilized bismaleimide (BMI) resin, reinforced with introduced ether bonds, as a binding matrix, in combination with silicon carbide (SiC), for the fabrication of composite materials. A thorough investigation was conducted to assess the influence of diverse processing parameters on the mechanical properties and high-temperature thermo-oxidative stability of these composites. Experimental results indicate a notable improvement in the mechanical properties of the composites upon the incorporation of ether bonds, in contrast to their unmodified counterparts. The variation in performance among composites with different ratios and molding densities is apparent. Within a certain range, an increase in resin content and molding density is correlated with improved bending strength in the composites. With a resin content of 27.5 vol% and a molding density of 2.31 g/cm3, the composite achieved a maximum flexural strength of 109.52 MPa, representing a 24% increase compared to its pre-modification state. Even after exposure to high-temperature heat treatment, the composites displayed commendable mechanical properties compared to their pre-ether bond modification counterparts, maintaining 74.5% of the strength of the untreated composites at 300 °C. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) microstructures of composite materials correlate remarkably well with their mechanical properties.

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HAYATA, YOSHIHO. "Introductory course in "new materials related to energy utilization". (5) C/C composite materials." Journal of the Fuel Society of Japan 69, n.º 2 (1990): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3775/jie.69.134.

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He, Xiao Gang, De Hong Lu, Shi Min Chen e Yan Chun Xiong. "Preparation and Thermal Shock Properties of Al₂O₃p/40Cr Functionally Graded Composites Materials". Applied Mechanics and Materials 328 (junho de 2013): 901–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.328.901.

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Al2O3p/40Cr graded composite was prepared by the squeeze casting method, and the as-cast structure, hardness, thermal shock properties of the composites were preliminary tested. The results show that the microstructure is compact and the grains of the matrix is small in the composite layer. Al2O3particles well-distributed in the 40Cr matrix in continuous trend. The Macro-interface of 40Cr substrate and composites layer transits naturally and has good continuity, moreover the micro-interface of Al2O3particles and the matrix is dense without any cavities. While the macrohardness decreases with the Al2O3content reduced gradually. At the 20°C~650°C condition of the cold and heat cycle, graded composites has superior thermal shock properties than uniform composite.

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Szalewski, Leszek, Magdalena Szalewska, Paweł Jarosz, Michał Woś e Jolanta Szymańska. "Temperature Changes in Composite Materials during Photopolymerization". Applied Sciences 11, n.º 2 (6 de janeiro de 2021): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020474.

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During polymerization, composite materials cause a temperature rise which may lead to irreversible changes in the dental pulp. The mechanical properties of composite materials depend on a number of factors, such as the composition of the material, the type of polymerization unit, the polymerization mode, and the duration of polymerization. The objective of this study was to assess the temperature rise values and flexural strength of composite materials, as obtained using different modes and times of polymerization. A total of six composite materials were used in the study. Samples of each of the materials were cured using seven polymerization protocols. A CMP-401 digital meter (Sonel, Świdnica, Poland), complete with a type K thermocouple (NiCr-Ni), was used to record the temperature increases during the light curing of the resin composites. Temperature rises were recorded beneath the composite disc in an acrylic matrix. The specimens were tested for flexural strength using a Cometech QC-508M2 testing machine. The lowest results for the increased mean temperature were obtained for Fast-Cure 3 s (39.0 °C), while the highest results were obtained for Fast-Cure 20 s (45.8 °C). The highest average temperature values for all tested protocols were recorded for the Z550 Filtek material. Mean flexural strengths as measured in each test group were higher than the minimum value for composite materials as per the ISO:4049 standard. In the case of deep caries with a thin layer of dentin separating the filling from pulp, a base layer or a short polymerization duration mode is recommended to protect pulp from thermal injury.

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Yue, Yifan, Bo Wang, Kefei Yan, Renxi Zhao, Chengyu Zhang e Yulong Li. "Investigation of the Mechanical Behaviors and Damage Mechanism of C/C Composites Impacted by High-Velocity Jets". Materials 17, n.º 4 (19 de fevereiro de 2024): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17040963.

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Carbon/Carbon (C/C) composites exhibit excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures, making them widely used in aerospace, such as the leading edges of spaceplane wings and the nose cones of hypersonic aircraft. However, damage caused by rain erosion to C/C composites affects their mechanical properties and poses significant challenges during operational service periods. A jet impingement test platform was employed to conduct single and multiple water-jet erosion tests on three-dimensional orthogonal C/C composite materials and to investigate the residual mechanical properties of the specimens after jet impact. The damage was characterized using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray computed tomography. The results showed that the damage types of the C/C composite materials under water-jet impingement included fiber bundle fracturing, delamination, and debonding. The extent of erosion damage was positively correlated with the jet velocity and diameter. The changes in the multi-jet damage indicated a cumulative expansion process, and z-directional fiber bundles exhibited superior resistance to jet impact damage propagation. The results of the three-point bending tests showed that the greater the initial impact damage, the lower the residual mechanical properties of the materials, and the residual strength of the specimen suddenly decreased when damage occurred at the back of the specimen.

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Jeon, Jae Ho, Hai Tao Fang, Zhong Hong Lai e Zhong Da Yin. "Development of Functionally Graded Anti-Oxidation Coatings for Carbon/Carbon Composites". Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (fevereiro de 2007): 1851–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.1851.

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The concept of functionally graded materials (FGMs) was originated in the research field of thermal barrier coatings. Continuous changes in the composition, grain size, porosity, etc., of these materials result in gradients in such properties as mechanical strength and thermal conductivity. In recent years, functionally graded structural composite materials have received increased attention as promising candidate materials to exhibit better mechanical and functional properties than homogeneous materials or simple composite materials. Therefore the research area of FGMs has been expending in the development of various structural and functional materials, such as cutting tools, photonic crystals, dielectric and piezoelectric ceramics, thermoelectric semiconductors, and biomaterials. We have developed functionally graded structural ceramic/metal composite materials for relaxation of thermal stress, functionally graded anti-oxidation coatings for carbon/carbon composites, and functionally graded dielectric ceramic composites to develop advanced dielectric ceramics with flat characteristics of dielectric constant in a wide temperature range. This paper introduces functionally graded coatings for C/C composites with superior oxidation resistance at high temperatures.

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He, Xin Hai, Xiong Bin Zhang, Meng Wang, Feng Yang Jiang, Jun Bo Wang, Song Tao Liu, Min Ge Yang e Xiao Lei Su. "Thermodynamics Analysis of SnO₂/C Composite Materials Fabricated by Biotemplating". Advanced Materials Research 834-836 (outubro de 2013): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.834-836.290.

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In order to explore the reaction mechanism of preparing SnO2/C composite materials by biotemplating, multiple samples are prepared by carbothermal-reduction under vacuum from ramie fibers/Sn (OH)4 precursors, which were prepared from ramie fibers impregnated with Sn (OH)4 sol. Thermodynamic calculation and experimental research indicate the reaction mechanism of preparing SnO2/C composite materials is that granular SnO2 is generated by pyrolysis of Sn (OH)4 at about 345.7°C,which distributes in the clearance of the ramie carbon. Pellet-like SnO/SnO2 composites generated by gas-solid and solid-solid reaction is solid solution of SnO and SnO2 in the Sn-O-C-H reaction system. And the microstructure of the composites changes from block to pellet-like with the increase of Sn content. The results show that the temperature of 631.3°C is the critical temperature that the reduction reaction of SnO2 and C can occur spontaneously. With the increase of sintering temperature, SnO2 is reduced to SnO and Sn by agent C and CO, SnO2 in turn. Furthermore, thermodynamic analysis results coincide well with the experiment data.

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Wang, Fu You, Guo Li Zhang, Jia Lu Li, Yu Feng Zhang, L. Chen e Ming Zhang. "Effect of Temperature on the Impact Performance of Short Fiber Reinforced Composites". Key Engineering Materials 458 (dezembro de 2010): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.458.75.

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In order to test the impact performance of short glass fiber reinforced composite materials in different temperature, on the basis of molding process, the specimens of polypropylene modified resin based glass fiber reinforced composites were made, the impact performance of the materials with the different temperature of -35°C, 23°C and 80°C were tested. Results show that the maximum load of specimen can bear is gradually increased with the temperature increase, and the maximum impact load of specimen is 0.8722kN at -35°C, while the maximum impact load which is improved 38% is 1.2024kN at 80°C. Also the energy absorbed by composite materials increase with the temperature increase. Results also show that the composite materials manifest as plastic fracture in high temperatures and brittle fracture in low temperatures.

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Putic, Slavisa, Marina Stamenovic, Branislav Bajceta, Predrag Stajcic e Srdjan Bosnjak. "Low-temperature tension properties of glass-epoxy composite materials". Acta Periodica Technologica, n.º 36 (2005): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt0536123p.

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The aim of this paper was to present the determination of tensile strength Rm and modulus of elasticity Et of glass-epoxy composites at two different temperatures (at room temperature t=20?C, and at t =?50?C). Standard mechanical testing was carried out on glass woven-epoxy composite material with different structures (two specific weights of reinforcement, 210 g/m2 and 550 g/m2) and orientations (0?/90? and ?45?). Micromechanical analysis of failure was performed on a stereo microscope and SEM in order to determine real models and mechanisms of crack.

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Gomina, M., D. Themines, J. L. Chermant e F. Osterstock. "An energy evaluation for C/SiC composite materials". International Journal of Fracture 34, n.º 3 (julho de 1987): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00019719.

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