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Subramanian, A. P., A. A. John, M. V. Vellayappan, A. Balaji, S. K. Jaganathan, Eko Supriyanto e Mustafa Yusof. "Gallic acid: prospects and molecular mechanisms of its anticancer activity". RSC Advances 5, n.º 45 (2015): 35608–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra02727f.
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Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic acid found in many dietary substances. It is a natural compound found in gallnuts, sumac, witch-hazel, clove, tealeaves, oak bark, sundew and other plants. Edibles like blackberry, hot chocolate, common walnut and Indian gooseberry contain GA.
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Colantonio, Sophia, e Jason K. Rivers. "Botanicals With Dermatologic Properties Derived From First Nations Healing: Part 2—Plants and Algae". Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 21, n.º 4 (19 de dezembro de 2016): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1203475416683390.
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Introduction: Plants and algae have played a central role in the treatment of skin conditions in both traditional First Nations healing and in modern dermatology. The objective of this study was to examine the evidence supporting the dermatological use of seaweed, witch hazel, bearberry, and mayapple. Methods: Four plants and algae used in traditional First Nations treatments of skin disease were selected based on expert recommendations. Several databases were searched to identify relevant citations without language restrictions. Results: Seaweed has potential clinical use in the treatment of acne and wrinkles and may be incorporated into biofunctional textiles. Witch hazel is an effective and well-tolerated treatment of inflammation and diaper dermatitis. Bearberry leaves contain arbutin, a skin-lightening agent that is an alternative for the treatment of hyperpigmentation. Mayapple contains podophyllotoxin, a treatment for condyloma accuminata, molluscum contagiosum, and recalcitrant palmoplantar warts. Discussion: Common plants and algae are replete with bioactive agents that may have beneficial effects on the skin. Further research will open the door to new and innovative products in the future. Limitations of this study include that the scope of our study is limited to 4 plants and algae, a small sample of the breadth of plants used by First Nations for dermatological treatments.
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Veronese, Federica, Elia Esposto, Chiara Airoldi, Nunzia Di Cristo, Pamela Paganini, Paola Savoia e Elisa Zavattaro. "A Randomized Controlled Prospective Cohort Study on the Efficacy of a Witch Hazel Extract Cream for the Eyelids and Eye Contour Area and a Cleansing Face Cream in Dermatitis of the Eyelids". Cosmetics 11, n.º 3 (22 de maio de 2024): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics11030083.
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Background: Eyelid dermatitis is a common, multifactorial, chronic, and/or relapsing condition with a considerable impact on life quality that represents a diagnostic and treatment challenge. Methods: We carried out a single-blind, controlled, randomized, parallel-group study to evaluate the efficacy of two dermo-cosmetics (cream for the eyelids and eye contour area and cleansing face cream) in which the key ingredient was witch hazel extract, compared to generic cream, in the treatment of patients affected by eyelid dermatitis. Enrolled subjects were treated and followed-up for 4 weeks; dermatological evaluation was objectively performed using the DLQI, OSDI, NRS–itch, and EDSI indicators. Results: The products tested proved to be more effective than the placebo in ameliorating the dermatitis in the treated patients, based on all considered dermatological scores. In the treatment arm, we observed a reduction in both DLQI score and in the indicators related to the extension of dermatitis, greater than that observed in the control arm. Conclusions: This comparative study demonstrates the role of dermo-cosmetic products tested not only as a support treatment, but also as a first-choice clinical approach.
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Taylor, Benton N., Angelica E. Patterson, Moyosore Ajayi, Rachel Arkebauer, Karen Bao, Natalie Bray, Robert M. Elliott et al. "Growth and physiology of a dominant understory shrub, Hamamelis virginiana, following canopy disturbance in a temperate hardwood forest". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 47, n.º 2 (fevereiro de 2017): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2016-0208.
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As global climatic changes increase plant susceptibility to large-scale disturbances such as drought and pathogens, understory responses to these disturbances will become increasingly important to long-term forest dynamics. To better understand understory responses to canopy disturbance, we measured changes in the growth and physiology of the dominant understory shrub, American witch-hazel (Hamamelis virginiana L.), in response to girdling of canopy oaks in a temperate hardwood forest of the northeastern United States. Changes in the growth and physiology of H. virginiana may be important to the regeneration of northeastern temperate forests, as this common shrub largely shapes the microenvironment for seedlings on the forest floor where it occurs. Canopy disturbance by girdling resulted in significant increases in light and soil nitrogen availability. In response to these environmental changes, basal-area growth of H. virginiana increased by an average 334%. This growth increase corresponded to significant increases in foliar nitrogen, respiration, and leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations. These findings indicate improved environmental conditions and increased growth for this understory shrub following the loss of dominant canopy trees. This study suggests that following large-scale canopy disturbance, H. virginiana and shrubs like it may play an important role in competing for soil N and shading seedlings of regenerating canopy species.
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Dvorianchikov, V. V., M. V. Drozdova, S. V. Ryazantsev, Yu S. Preobrazhenskaya e S. S. Pavlova. "Alternative methods for controlling nasal obstruction in children". Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, n.º 12 (19 de setembro de 2021): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2021-12-124-129.
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Currently, rhinitis accompanied by nasal obstruction is one of the most common diseases in children and adolescents. Regardless of the cause of its occurrence - an infectious or non-infectious (allergic) process, each time there is a vascular (vasomotor) reaction. In children of preschool and primary school age, the most common is infectious rhinitis, which develops with viral and bacterial infections. The group of non-allergic rhinitis, which develops more often in adolescents, is united by the term idiopathic (vasomotor) rhinitis.Purpose of the study. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of a complex preparation containing calendula, witch hazel, esculus, menthol and zinc oxide in the treatment of vasomotor rhinitis in children.Materials and methods. The study included 40 patients of childhood and adolescence, of both sexes (23 girls and 17 boys) aged 6 to 14 years with an established diagnosis of vasomotor (idiopathic) rhinitis, without concomitant pathology, not registered with specialists, without constant admission The study drug was used to lubricate the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity or put turundas with ointment for 3-5 minutes 2-3 times a day. The course of treatment was 7-10 days. The effectiveness of treatment was assessed by the dynamics of clinical data and the severity of the subjective symptoms of the disease.Results. A comparisons of these scores for re-assessing the status of patients relative to the timing of the study drug use showed a uniform positive trend in terms of the clinical picture and subjective complaints of patients.Conclusions. The inclusion in the complex therapy of pediatric patients with idiopathic (vasomotor) rhinitis of the drug Fleming’s Ointment, or monotherapy with this agent, contributes to a rapid and pronounced weakening of the clinical manifestations of the disease, allowing you to quickly achieve positive treatment results in the form of relief of nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, edema of the mucous membrane of the cavity nose, sneezing. There is a positive trend in the state of the mucous membrane itself.
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Shirazi, A. M., e M. V. Thierry. "(436) Comparative Cold Hardiness and Freezing Behavior of Leaves, Buds, and Flowers in Selected Woody Plants in Northern Latitudes". HortScience 40, n.º 4 (julho de 2005): 1077A—1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1077a.
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It is not well known how cold-hardy new buds and emerging leaves or flowers are during spring. Extreme temperature fluctuations that sometimes bring early frost in spring (April–May) are very common in northern latitudes and cause severe damage to emerging leaves and flowers. Even though most woody plants can tolerate frost in spring, others show early tissue damage and can fully recover. There are some trees, e.g., Japanese maples (Acer palmatum) that when leaves are damaged due to spring frost, the results include severe dieback and eventual death. We tested new flowers and leaves of four crabapples: Malus ×micromalus, M. sargentii, `Mary Potter', and M. hupehensis, after budbreak for 3 years using electrical conductivity (EC) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) in spring: May 1997, Apr. 1998, and Apr. 2000, at The Morton Arboretum. Both flowers and leaves can tolerate from –6 to –12 °C and we observed higher ion leakage in leaves than flowers. The high temperature exotherm (HTE) of flowers were –8 to –10 °C in April. In a companion study, testing other species that had premature budbreak due to “near lethal” (sublethal) freezing stress in Jan. 2001, the following HTE were observed: Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas) flower (about –7.5 °C), Spindle trees leaves (about –6 °C), Judd's viburnum (Viburnum ×juddii) (about –8 °C), Brevipetala witch-hazel (Hamamelis mollis`Brevipetala') flower (about –5 °C), redbud (Cercis candensis) flower (about –9 °C), flowering quince (Chaenomeles ×superba) flower (–8 °C). Multiple LTE at –13, –18, –22, and –27 °C were observed for Judd's viburnum. This information could be useful for selection and breeding of woody plants.
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Chen, Shurui, Liang Xu, Yinxiao Zhang, Bing Chen, Xinfeng Wang, Xiaoye Zhang, Mei Zheng et al. "Direct observations of organic aerosols in common wintertime hazes in North China: insights into direct emissions from Chinese residential stoves". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, n.º 2 (27 de janeiro de 2017): 1259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1259-2017.
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Abstract. Many studies have focused on the physicochemical properties of aerosol particles in unusually severe haze episodes in North China instead of the more frequent and less severe hazes. Consistent with this lack of attention, the morphology and mixing state of organic matter (OM) particles in the frequent light and moderate (L & M) hazes in winter in the North China Plain (NCP) have not been examined, even though OM dominates these fine particles. In the present work, morphology, mixing state, and size of organic aerosols in the L & M hazes were systematically characterized using transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometer, with the comparisons among an urban site (Jinan, S1), a mountain site (Mt. Tai, S2), and a background island site (Changdao, S3) in the same hazes. Based on their morphologies, the OM particles were divided into six different types: spherical (type 1), near-spherical (type 2), irregular (type 3), domelike (type 4), dispersed-OM (type 5), and OM-coating (type 6). In the three sampling sites, types 1–3 of OM particles were most abundant in the L & M hazes and most of them were internally mixed with non-OM particles. The abundant near-spherical OM particles with higher sphericity and lower aspect ratio indicate that these primary OM particles formed in the cooling process after polluted plumes were emitted from coal combustion and biomass burning. Based on the Si-O-C ratio in OM particles, we estimated that 71 % of type 1–3 OM particles were associated with coal combustion. Our result suggests that coal combustion in residential stoves was a widespread source from urban to rural areas in NCP. Average OM thickness which correlates with the age of the air masses in type 6 particles only slightly increased from S1 to S2 to S3, suggesting that the L & M hazes were usually dry (relative humidity < 60 %) with weak photochemistry and heterogeneous reactions between particles and gases. We conclude that the direct emissions from these coal stoves without any pollution controls in rural areas and in urban outskirts contribute large amounts of primary OM particles to the regional L & M hazes in North China.
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Slavskiy, Vasiliy, Tat'yana Nakonechnaya, Evgeny Titov e Zoran Govedar. "STUDY OF BIODIVERSITY AND ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF COMMON HAZEL (CORYLUS AVELLANA L.) IN THE VORONEZH REGION". Forestry Engineering Journal 12, n.º 3 (13 de outubro de 2022): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.3/5.
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Biodiversity is one of the stand sustainability criteria. The study of the biodiversity of common hazel in the
Voronezh region will make it possible to control the conservation of the genetic potential, as well as update information
on the state of populations and forms in order to develop recommendations for the effective cultivation of this breed.
Interest in common hazel in the Russian Federation has increased significantly in recent years - more and more attention
is paid to breeding work not only in areas of industrial cultivation, but also in the Volga region, the Central regions of
the Russian Federation, Siberia and the Urals. The article considers biodiversity and assesses the state of common hazel
growing in different types of forest conditions on the territory of the Prigorodny and Somovsky forestries of the Voronezh region. The studies were carried out using standard methodological approaches and current regulatory documents.
The study area was 17580.7 ha, incl. with the presence of hazel - 4595.5 ha (26% of the total area). Field survey was
carried out on more than 5% of the total area. In terms of relative and absolute density of growth, common hazel reaches its maximum in fresh oak forests. In the course of biodiversity assessment studies, it was revealed that common hazel
occurs in a very wide range of forest conditions, and therefore, can grow together with most forest-forming species of
the Voronezh region. Mostly found in fresh oak forest conditions - the most common TLU S2D (occurrence about 83%)
and D2 (77%). At the same time, with a certain degree of success, it can grow in both dry and wet forest conditions. In
the course of assessing the state of common hazel plantations, no significant differences were found depending on the
growth in the types of forest conditions. The exception is excessively wet and very dry conditions. The revealed tolerance to growing conditions must certainly be taken into account when increasing the biodiversity of forests in the Voronezh region.
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Rutkowski, Robert, Marek Keller e Patrycja Jagołkowska. "Population genetics of the hazel hen Bonasa bonasia in Poland assessed with non-invasive samples". Open Life Sciences 7, n.º 4 (1 de agosto de 2012): 759–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-012-0051-2.
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AbstractDespite a severe decrease in the number of hazel hens during the 20th century, nowadays this grouse species is rather common in the forests of Northeastern and Southern Poland. We used mitochondrial control region and microsatellite markers to examine the genetic variability of Polish populations of hazel hens. We used non-invasively collected faeces to estimate genetic variability within populations, genetic differentiation among populations as well as genetic differentiation between two regions inhabited by two different subspecies of hazel hens. Our results confirm the usefulness of DNA from faeces to obtain reliable information on the population genetics of hazel hens. We found a rather high level of genetic variability in the Polish population. Genetic variability was higher in birds from continuous forests in the South of the country than in birds from fragmented habitats in the Northeast. Genetic differentiation was higher among subpopulations from Northeastern Poland. Additionally, both classes of molecular markers suggested the presence of two distinct genetic groups of birds, corresponding to previously described subspecies. We conclude that the genetic variability of the Polish hazel hen population has been influenced by habitat fragmentation and the history of the population during its post-glacial colonization of Poland from different glacial refugia.
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Estrela, Raissa, Mark R. Swain e Gael M. Roudier. "A Temperature Trend for Clouds and Hazes in Exoplanet Atmospheres". Astrophysical Journal Letters 941, n.º 1 (1 de dezembro de 2022): L5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aca2aa.
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Abstract The transmission spectra of exoplanet atmospheres observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in the near-infrared range (1.1–1.65 μm) frequently show evidence for some combination of clouds and hazes. Identification of systematic trends in exoplanet clouds and hazes is potentially important for understanding atmospheric composition and temperature structure. Here we report on the analysis of spectral modulation using a large, uniformly processed sample of HST/WFC3 transit spectra from 62 exoplanets. The spectral retrieval includes the capability to detect and represent atmospheres in which the composition departs from thermochemical equilibrium. By using this unique catalog and measuring the dampening of spectral modulations compared to strictly clear atmospheres, we identify two populations. One is completely cloud/haze free spanning a wide temperature range, while the other population, identified as “partial cloud/hazes,” follows a trend from mostly cloudy/hazy around 500 K to mostly clear at ∼1500 K. We also find that a partially transparent aerosol component is frequently present and that it is typically vertically distributed throughout the atmospheric column. Our findings also suggest that while clouds and hazes are common in exoplanet atmospheres, the majority of planets have some level of detectable spectral modulation. Additionally, the empirical trend that clouds and hazes are minimized at 1460.86 K − 405 + 316 revealed in our catalog has predictive utility for modeling the performance of large-scale transiting exoplanets survey, such as planned with the Ariel mission. This trend can also be used for making a probability-based forecast of spectral modulation for a given source in the context of future JWST observations. Future observations including the optical and/or a broader spectral coverage may be useful to further quantify the trend reported here.
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Åberg, Johan, Jon E. Swenson e Henrik Andrén. "The dynamics of hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia L.) occurrence in habitat fragments". Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, n.º 3 (1 de abril de 2000): 352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z99-210.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of habitat fragment size and isolation on the dynamics of hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia L.) occurrence. Habitat fragments surrounded by nonhabitat coniferous forest, in an intensively managed forested landscape, were censused during seven seasons. None of the 33 habitat fragments were occupied in all seven seasons and 7 were never occupied. Turnover occurred in 79% of the habitat fragments. The most common occupation of a habitat fragment was by only one hazel grouse male (84%). Thus, the dynamics of hazel grouse occurrence in the habitat fragments was basically monitored on the scale of individuals. Large and less isolated habitat fragments with a high amount of cover were occupied significantly more often than small, isolated fragments. The effect of size appeared most clearly when analyzing the total number of hazel grouse occupying a habitat fragment. The appearance of hazel grouse in the habitat fragments was best explained by the amount of cover, distance to the nearest suitable habitat, and size of the habitat fragment. The effects of interfragment distance on the occurrence and appearance of hazel grouse implies that the habitat has become functionally disconnected for hazel grouse and suggests that the amount of suitable hazel grouse habitat left in this landscape has fallen below a critical level.
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Bergin, Edwin A., Eliza M. R. Kempton, Marc Hirschmann, Sandra T. Bastelberger, D. J. Teal, Geoffrey A. Blake, Fred J. Ciesla e Jie Li. "Exoplanet Volatile Carbon Content as a Natural Pathway for Haze Formation". Astrophysical Journal Letters 949, n.º 1 (1 de maio de 2023): L17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acd377.
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Abstract We explore terrestrial planet formation with a focus on the supply of solid-state organics as the main source of volatile carbon. For the water-poor Earth, the water ice line, or ice sublimation front, within the planet-forming disk has long been a key focal point. We posit that the soot line, the location where solid-state organics are irreversibly destroyed, is also a key location within the disk. The soot line is closer to the host star than the water snow line and overlaps with the location of the majority of detected exoplanets. In this work, we explore the ultimate atmospheric composition of a body that receives a major portion of its materials from the zone between the soot line and water ice line. We model a silicate-rich world with 0.1% and 1% carbon by mass with variable water content. We show that as a result of geochemical equilibrium, the mantle of these planets would be rich in reduced carbon but have relatively low water (hydrogen) content. Outgassing would naturally yield the ingredients for haze production when exposed to stellar UV photons in the upper atmosphere. Obscuring atmospheric hazes appear common in the exoplanetary inventory based on the presence of often featureless transmission spectra. Such hazes may be powered by the high volatile content of the underlying silicate-dominated mantle. Although this type of planet has no solar system counterpart, it should be common in the galaxy with potential impact on habitability.
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Gadzhiev, R. K., M. V. Kataeva e S. E. Kuchiev. "Engineering facilities for the nursery and mother plant garden of the common hazel (Corylus avellana l.)". Zemleustrojstvo, kadastr i monitoring zemel' (Land management, cadastre and land monitoring), n.º 7 (15 de junho de 2021): 500–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-04-2107-03.
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The article deals with the issues of engineering arrangement of the territory for the nursery and the mother plant garden of common hazel - the layout of the nursery, the choice of the irrigation method, the calculation of the reservoir volume, irrigation rates, and production efficiency.
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Kalmár, Klementina, Katalin Borostyán, Orsolya Molnár, János Ágoston, Éva Preininger e Márk Z. Németh. "A Species-Specific PCR Differentiates Two Causal Agents of Hazel Powdery Mildew and Reveals the Occurrence of Erysiphe corylacearum". Horticulturae 10, n.º 7 (19 de julho de 2024): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10070763.
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The demand for common hazel (Corylus avellana) fruit increases constantly. Powdery mildew (PM) on hazels in Hungary and throughout Europe was previously caused mainly by Phyllactinia guttata. However, less than a decade ago, another fungus of Asian origin, Erysiphe corylacearum, appeared on hazels in Europe, including Hungary. Our investigation aimed to develop a species-specific PCR (ssPCR) to aid the identification of P. guttata and E. corylacearum, and to assess the presence of the latter, non-native fungus in Hungary. For this study, 59 samples were collected from Hungary between 2021 and 2023. The chasmothecial morphology of the PM fungi was observed, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA was sequenced in representative samples. Morphological analysis distinguished two types of chasmothecia. Parts of the chasmothecia, typical of P. guttata, were flattened and spherical with bristle-like appendages, while other chasmothecia, characteristic of E. corylacearum, were distinctly smaller, bearing appendages with branched apices. Sequence data also verified the presence of P. guttata and E. corylacearum in our samples. The developed ssPCR revealed that E. corylacearum was present in more than three-quarters of the samples, more than a quarter of the samples contained both fungi and about one-fifth carried solely P. guttata. The alien fungus E. corylacearum was found in all but one of the sampled regions and was found on C. avellana and also on C. colurna. Erysiphe corylacearum spreads rapidly and can be considered an invasive pathogen. Its practical importance lies in its ability to infect hazelnuts, potentially causing economic losses. Our ssPCR ensures accurate and quick identification of the fungus, which is essential for effective plant protection.
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Ludwig, Tobias, Ralf Siano e Alexander V. Andreev. "Habitat selection of sympatric Siberian Grouse and Hazel Grouse in natural and exploited forests of the lower Amur region". Ornis Fennica 98, n.º 4 (14 de janeiro de 2022): 142–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.113446.
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The Siberian Grouse (Falcipennis falcipennis), which is endemic to the “dark-needle” taiga of the Russian Far East, is one of the least studied grouse species in the world. We examined post-breeding habitat selection of Siberian Grouse and contrasted it with that of the better examined Hazel Grouse (Tetrastes bonasia) in two areas near Komsomolsk na Amure, Russia. To infer species-specific preferences, we used field sampling, logistic regression, and AIC model selection, and compared late summer habitats of Siberian Grouse and Hazel Grouse in a mountain- and hilly area in the dark needle taiga. Our study is the first to explain Siberian Grouse habitat relationships with an empirical modelling approach. Results indicate proportions of coniferous/ pioneer trees forest and rejuvenation to be the most important covariates separating Siberian and Hazel Grouse observation sites in forests from both areas. Siberian Grouse tended to select sites with low proportions of pioneer trees and rejuvenation but availability of dwarf shrubs. Bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) appeared to be of high importance for the presence of Siberian Grouse in both regions. Hazel Grouse were common in places dominated by pioneer trees with high canopy cover, and high proportions of grass/herb cover. Hazel Grouse also occurred more often in forest sites with dense vertical layering and rejuvenation. Modern forestry, which results in increasing amounts of forests at younger successional stages, is likely to favour the Hazel Grouse at the expense of the Siberian Grouse.
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Pchikhachev, E. K., e T. A. Isushcheva. "On the gene pool of walnut crops in the Adygh branch of the Federal Research Center of the SSC RAS". New Technologies 17, n.º 1 (5 de abril de 2021): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.47370/2072-0920-2021-17-1-87-93.
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The article provides information on one of the research areas of the Adygh branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «Federal Research Center «Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences» related to walnut crops. The territorial location of the institution is the foothills of the Republic of Adygea. Scientific research work in the field of nut crops has been carried out in the Adygh branch of the FRC SSC 9f the RAS practically from the moment of its foundation since 1968. Expeditionary studies started in 2008 and were carried out until 2019. As a result of the expeditionary studies, 211 promising forms of Common hazel, 23 promising forms of walnut and 85 promising forms of sowing chestnut were isolated from local populations. The article provides data on experimental collection plots where selected promising forms and known varieties of common hazel, walnut, seed chestnut and common pecan grow. Information is given on the forms and varieties of walnut crops growing in the experimental collection plots. On the basis of the data presented it has been concluded that the Republic of Adygea acts as a donor of reserve territories with suitable climatic conditions for the cultivation of walnut crops; on the basis of the Adygh branch of the FRC of SSC of the RAS the gene pool of common hazel, walnut, common chestnut and common pecan is preserved, studied and replenished. To resolve the issue of using the gene pool of nut crops of the Adygh branch for further breeding work, it is necessary to study the features of their phenology, as well as assess the state of plants during the annual development cycle.
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ENGİN KİLİC, Esra, Hatice MUTLU EYİSON e Erkut KİVANC. "An evaluation of the macro anatomy of the Hazel Dormouse’s (Muscardinus avellanarius Linnaeus, 1758) (Rodentia: Mammalia) skeletal system in Türkiye". Communications Faculty of Science University of Ankara Series C Biology Geological Engineering and Geophysical Engineering 32, n.º 1 (3 de junho de 2023): 36–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.53447/communc.1254635.
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Muscardinus avellanarius, one of the thirty species of the Gliridae family, is found in areas covered with deciduous forests, with a range stretching from Bursa (Uludağ) to Trabzon in Türkiye. Hazel Dormouse, classified as an endangered species and characterized by their deep hibernation patterns, possess significant value as bioindicators of environmental change. In this study, a macro-anatomical evaluation of the skeletal structure of forty-six specimens collected from the Eastern and Western Black Sea Regions between 1979 and 1983 were conducted. The evaluation revealed that the whole skeleton of Muscardinus avellanarius consisted of 225 bones. The morphometric variances and variations between the Eastern Black Sea and Western Black Sea specimens were detected by defining the skull and baculum bones that hold taxonomic value.
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POURRAHMATI, GHADER, ASADOLLAH MATAJI, HASSAN POURBABAEI e ALI SALEHI. "Short Communication: Floristic composition and relationships between plant species abundance and soil properties in common hazel (Corylus avellana) mountainous forest of northern Iran". Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, n.º 5 (21 de setembro de 2018): 1835–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190535.
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Pourrahmati G, Mataji A, Pourbabaei H, Salehi A. 2018. Short Communication: Floristic composition and relationships between plant species abundance and soil properties in common hazel (Corylus avellana) mountainous forest of northern Iran. Biodiversitas 19: 1835-1841. Mountainous forests are valuable terrestrial ecosystems because of their useful services for the human being. Here, we explored the floristic composition and the relationships between plant species abundance distribution and soil physical and chemical properties in common hazel (Corylus avellana L.) in the mountainous forest of northern Iran. Within the forest stand, 30 quadrats (20 m × 20 m and 1 m × 1 m for woody and herbaceous species, respectively) were selectively sampled along an altitudinal range from 1300 m to 1800 m a.s.l. to assess plant species composition and abundance, and soil samples were taken to perform chemical and physical analyses. The results showed that a total of 43 herbaceous and 15 woody species belonging to 23 and 8 families were identified. The abundance of herbaceous species was significantly correlated with soil properties (pH and total N). Furthermore, the abundance of woody species had a non-significant correlation with soil properties.
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Świderska, Urszula, e Sylwia Wdowiak-Wróbel. "First report of <i>Erysiphe corylacearum</i> on <i>Corylus avellana</i> in Poland". Acta Mycologica 58 (31 de dezembro de 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/am/177131.
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<i>Corylus avellana</i> (common hazel) is an economically important plant worldwide, including Poland, especially for its fruits, i.e., hazelnuts. In addition to the hitherto commonly occurring fungal species <i>Phyllactinia guttata</i>, another species, i.e. <i>Erysiphe corylacearum</i>, has recently been found in Poland. In the summer of 2018, hazel leaves with symptoms of powdery mildew were first observed and collected in Lublin (Poland). The fungus was identified based on its morphological characteristics and analyses of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and (LSU) regions of the ribosomal DNA. This is the first report of this invasive Asian fungus in Poland.
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Acome, E., S. K. Mitchell, T. G. Morrissey, M. B. Emmett, C. Benjamin, M. King, M. Radakovitz e C. Keplinger. "Hydraulically amplified self-healing electrostatic actuators with muscle-like performance". Science 359, n.º 6371 (4 de janeiro de 2018): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aao6139.
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Existing soft actuators have persistent challenges that restrain the potential of soft robotics, highlighting a need for soft transducers that are powerful, high-speed, efficient, and robust. We describe a class of soft actuators, termed hydraulically amplified self-healing electrostatic (HASEL) actuators, which harness a mechanism that couples electrostatic and hydraulic forces to achieve a variety of actuation modes. We introduce prototypical designs of HASEL actuators and demonstrate their robust, muscle-like performance as well as their ability to repeatedly self-heal after dielectric breakdown—all using widely available materials and common fabrication techniques. A soft gripper handling delicate objects and a self-sensing artificial muscle powering a robotic arm illustrate the wide potential of HASEL actuators for next-generation soft robotic devices.
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Ibragimov, Z., e R. Alizade. "Genetic Diversity Corylus avellana L. in Lesser Caucasus of Azerbaijan". Bulletin of Science and Practice 5, n.º 10 (15 de outubro de 2019): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/47/05.
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The article is devoted to the results of a study of the genetic polymorphism of hazel (Corylus avellana (L.) H. Karst.), growing in the Lesser Caucasus within Azerbaijan. For the analyzes used nuclear DNA extracted from sheet material. DNA extraction, PCR and ISSR analyzes were carried out according to standard methods (CTAB, PCR, ISSR protocols). According to the results of analyzes using 4 ISSR primers, the number of identified fragments was 42, which corresponds to 9–12 loci per primer (~10.8). Of the 42 fragments identified, 34 (80.95%) are polymorphic, and 8 (19.05%) are monomorphic. The number of polymorphic loci varies in the range of 7–10. With the smallest number of amplified loci in the UBC811 primer, the largest number of them occurs in the UBC827 primer. Depending on the primer, the number of amplified polymorphic loci varies within 63–90%. The level of ISSR primer polymorphism is on average 86% (75–96%). The average value of the actual heterozygosis (H0) is 0.359, and the expected heterozygosis (HE) is 0.414. According to the results of the cluster analysis, 70 hazel genotypes are combined in 9 clusters. Despite the fact that the populations are remotely and orographically sufficiently isolated, which excludes the flow of genetic information between them, the results of the cluster analysis show that genotypes from different populations are combined into a common sub-cluster in terms of genetic similarity. This is due to the common origin of hazel in populations. In the distant past, this species was represented by an extensive common range, which was fragmented as a result of geological processes. The homogeneous disjunction of the continuous range occurred.
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Hadrović, Sabahudin, Filip Jovanović, Sonja Braunović, Saša Eremija, Zoran Miletić, Snežana Stajić e Igor Golić. "Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen Content of Wild Fruit Species in Southwest Serbia". HortScience 56, n.º 6 (junho de 2021): 657–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci15804-21.
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To select woody fruit species for biomass cropping, a study of the carbon and nitrogen content of the bark and wood of five wild fruit species in Southwest Serbia was conducted. Compared with common hazel, wild cherry, walnut, and european pear, the european crab apple has a high potential for carbon and nitrogen storage, representing a promising fruit species for biomass production.
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Zhang, Yuting, Yushan Liu, Lihong Meng, Huan Dong, Xiaofeng Gu, Xiaolin Yu e Xiaomei Zhang. "Investigation on the influences of exposure to winter haze (PM2.5) on 301 subjects’ respiratory tract". Traditional Medicine and Modern Medicine 01, n.º 03 (setembro de 2018): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2575900018500143.
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Objective: To observe the clinical symptoms after haze exposure and analyze the influences on the respiratory tract. Methods: We conduct prospective study by designing questionnaires about respiratory reaction after haze exposure. We distribute, and collect the questionnaires from 301 subjects, and use statistical software to analyze it. Result and Conclusion: (1) Exposure to haze can lead to a series of respiratory and systemic symptoms. The most common symptoms are cough, little sputum, sneezing and running nose, nasal cavity dryness, nasal congestion, dry throat, dry eyes, itchy eyes. (2) The manifestation frequency of most symptoms in population is positively correlated with the haze concentration. (3) Haze irritates the respiratory tract and causes haze-related cough and respiratory allergy symptoms.
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ČREPINŠEK, Zalika, Lučka KAJFEŽ-BOGATAJ e Klemen BERGANT. "Correlation between spring phenophases and north atlantic oscillation index in Slovenia". Acta agriculturae Slovenica 79, n.º 1 (15 de maio de 2002): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2002.79.1.15645.
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The influence of North Atlantic Oscillation on spring phenology in Slovenia has been analysed in this study. The NAOI trends of the early spring towards more positive values and hence stronger zonal flow during the last 20 years has been clearly reflected by an earlier onset of spring phases. Phenological and meteorological data for the period 1955-2000 were used in our study. Eight stations were selected: Celje, Ilirska Bistrica, Lesce, Ljubljana, Maribor, Murska Sobota, Novo mesto and Rateče, which represent at the same time phenological and meteorological stations. Twelve plants were chosen to represent three groups of phenological objects: wild herbaceous plants (snowdrop, dandelion, spring-saffron), forest trees and shrubs (common silver birch, beech, common elder, horse-chestnut, goat willow, hazel, large-leaved lime, common lilac), and fruit trees (plum tree). Environmental Agency of Republic of Slovenia provided phenological (leaf unfolding, beginning of flowering, full flowering) and meteorological data. The correlation between winter North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAOI) and temperature is highly significant for all stations for the months from December to March, the average correlation coefficient is +0,58. With NAOI variability we explained the large part of variation in flowering phases of early-spring plants like dandelion, pussy willow and hazel. Correlations are weaker for late-spring phenophases. The values of all correlation coefficients are negative in all cases.
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Biganova, Svetlana G., Yuri I. Sukhorukikh, Konstantin N. Kulik e Aleksey K. Kulik. "Morphological Characteristics of Hazel Crowns in Mountain Forests". Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), n.º 2 (1 de abril de 2022): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2022-2-59-72.
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Common hazel is valuable for its nutritional and medicinal properties and its ability to provide soil conservation functions. However, the morphological characteristics of this plant have not been studied sufficiently. The research purpose is to identify features of significant morphological characteristics of crowns of nut-bearing hazel plants, to assess the biological diversity of these characteristics at different heights, under the forest canopy and on the glades for further detection of forestry and ecological functions of this plant, and to select ornamental and other economically valuable forms. The nut-bearing hazel plants growing in the mountain forests of the North-Western Caucasus at the altitude of 450–600 and 1,300–1,500 m above the sea level under the forest canopy and on the glades were the objects of the research. We studied the diameters of the central and three largest trunks, the crown and the base of the bush, its height, the number of shoots up to 4 years old and older, the total number of shoots in the bush, the density and shape of the crown. We examined 200 ramets that had entered the fruiting stage. The diversity index was calculated according to the authors’ method (Sukhorukikh-Biganova). At the altitudes of 1,300–1,500 m above the sea level, under better humidification compared to the sites located at the altitude of 450–600 m, hazel has statistically reliable better development of average diameters of the central and three main trunks and crown, higher total number of shoots up to 4 years old and older. Hazel trees have superior crown and bush base diameters, greater number of shoots up to 4 years old and older, the total number of shoots in the bush on the glades in conditions of good light compared to those under the forest canopy. Here the plants are more likely to form bushes with a spreading and thick crown. The upper sites showed a significantly higher diversity index for the average diameter of the three largest trunks of the hazel bush and the highest number of shoots older than 4 years. There is a significantly superior difference in the morphological diversity index for the average diameter of the bush base, the number of shoots up to 4 years old and older, the total number of shoots, and crown density on the glades compared to the sites under the forest canopy. In terms of crown shape, the diversity index is higher under the forest canopy than on the glade. The generalized indices of diversity of quantitative, qualitative and general morphological characteristics of hazel bushes did not differ significantly at different heights, under forest canopy and on the glades.
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Rocha, Ida Ingrid, Kaavya Narasimhalu e Deidre Anne De Silva. "Impact of Air Pollution and Seasonal Haze on Neurological Conditions: A Review". Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 49, n.º 1 (31 de janeiro de 2020): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.18087.
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Introduction: Air pollution is a global problem and seasonal haze from forest clearing and peat land burning in Indonesia is an annual phenomenon in Southeast Asia. As neurological disorders comprise 6.3% of the burden of disease globally, we reviewed evidence of the association between common neurological conditions and air pollution exposure, and summarised existing data on the impact of the haze phenomenon in Southeast Asia. Materials and Methods: A PubMed search for relevant studies on air pollution, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), dementia, epilepsy, haze, headache, migraine, stroke, Parkinson’s disease (PD) and neuromuscular conditions was performed. There were 52 articles which were relevant and were reviewed. Results: There were associations between short-term air pollution exposure with AD, epilepsy, ischaemic stroke and migraine. Long-term air pollution exposure was associated with AD, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, dementia and ischaemic stroke. Evidence on the link between air pollution and PD was inconsistent. Currently, there is no specific data on the effects haze has on neurological conditions in Southeast Asia. Conclusion: Air pollution is associated with increased risk of certain common neurological disorders. More specific studies are needed to investigate the impact of seasonal haze on neurological conditions in Southeast Asia. Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, Epilepsy, Migraine, Parkinson’s disease, Stroke
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Li, Jialin, Xinting Yu, Ella Sciamma-O’Brien, Chao He, Joshua A. Sebree, Farid Salama, Sarah M. Hörst e Xi Zhang. "A Cross-laboratory Comparison Study of Titan Haze Analogs: Surface Energy". Planetary Science Journal 3, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2022): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/ac3d27.
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Abstract In Titan’s nitrogen-methane atmosphere, photochemistry leads to the production of complex organic particles, forming Titan’s thick haze layers. Laboratory-produced aerosol analogs, or “tholins,” are produced in a number of laboratories; however, most previous studies have investigated analogs produced by only one laboratory rather than a systematic, comparative analysis. In this study, we performed a comparative study of an important material property, the surface energy, of seven tholin samples produced in three independent laboratories under a broad range of experimental conditions, and we explored their commonalities and differences. All seven tholin samples are found to have high surface energies and are therefore highly cohesive. Thus, if the surface sediments on Titan are similar to tholins, future missions such as Dragonfly will likely encounter sticky sediments. We also identified a commonality between all the tholin samples: a high dispersive (nonpolar) surface energy component of at least 30 mJ m−2. This common property could be shared by the actual haze particles on Titan as well. Given that the most abundant species interacting with the haze on Titan (methane, ethane, and nitrogen) are nonpolar in nature, the dispersive surface energy component of the haze particles could be a determinant factor in condensate−haze and haze−lake liquid interactions on Titan. With this common trait of tholin samples, we confirmed the findings of a previous study by Yu et al. that haze particles are likely good cloud condensation nuclei for methane and ethane clouds and would likely be completely wetted by the hydrocarbon lakes on Titan.
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Yogaswara, Ligar, e Ligar Yogaswara. "ASEAN Aggrement on Transboundary Haze Pollution. Effective ?" Jurnal Hubungan Internasional 14, n.º 1 (25 de junho de 2021): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jhi.v14i1.19847.
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This paper analyzes how ASEAN can deal with the haze problem caused by its member countries and then cross their borders so that it becomes a common focus in ASEAN countries. Then ASEAN made an agreement for its member countries with the aim of overcoming the haze problem which was referred to in the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution. Based on the question of the effectiveness of the agreement, the authors assume that the agreement is considered ineffective in solving the haze problem in the Southeast Asia Region. The reason for this is considered to be due to a set of norms adopted by ASEAN member countries in the ASEAN Way. These norms then make member countries solve problems by adhering to the principles of the ASEAN Way including non-intervention, consensus and so on. Responding to problems in developing countries in ASEAN which tend to prioritize their economy, making environmental problems such as smog tend to be sidelined. Therefore, this paper will explain more about the effectiveness of the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution in particular to address the haze problem in ASEAN member countries based on the ASEAN way.
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Aburabie, Jamaliah, e Raed Hashaikeh. "Breaking and Connecting: Highly Hazy and Transparent Regenerated Networked-Nanofibrous Cellulose Films via Combination of Hydrolysis and Crosslinking". Nanomaterials 12, n.º 15 (8 de agosto de 2022): 2729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12152729.
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High optical transparency combined with high optical haze are essential requirements for optoelectronic substrates. Light scattering caused by haze is responsible for increasing light harvesting in photon-absorbing active materials, hence increasing efficiencies. A trade-off between transparency and haze is common in solar substrates with high transparency (~90%) and low optical haze (~20%), or vice versa. In this study, we report a novel, highly transparent film fabricated from regenerated cellulose after controlled acid-hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). The developed networked-nanofibrous cellulose was chemically crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and vacuum-cured to facilitate the fabrication of mechanically stable films. The effects of crosslinker concentration, crosslinking time, and curing temperature were investigated. Optimum conditions for fabrication unveils high optical transparency (~94%) and high haze (~60%), using 25% GA for 24 hr with a curing temperature of 25 °C; therefore, conveying an optimal substrate for optoelectronics applications. The high haze arises primarily from the crystalline, networked crystals of cellulose II structure formed within the regenerated cellulose upon hydrolysis. Moreover, the developed crosslinked film presents high thermal stability, water resistance, and good mechanical resilience. This high-performance crosslinked cellulose film can be considered a potential material for new environmentally-friendly optical substrates.
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Chen, Xueyan, Deepika Kumari e Varenyam Achal. "A Review on Airborne Microbes: The Characteristics of Sources, Pathogenicity and Geography". Atmosphere 11, n.º 9 (28 de agosto de 2020): 919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090919.
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Microbes are widespread and have been much more studied in recent years. In this review, we describe detailed information on airborne microbes that commonly originate from soil and water through liquid–air and soil–air interface. The common bacteria and fungi in the atmosphere are the phyla of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Rozellomycota that include most pathogens leading to several health problems. In addition, the stability of microbial community structure in bioaerosols could be affected by many factors and some special weather conditions like dust events even can transport foreign pathogens to other regions, affecting human health. Such environments are common for a particular place and affect the nature and interaction of airborne microbes with them. For instance, meteorological factors, haze and foggy days greatly influence the concentration and abundance of airborne microbes. However, as microorganisms in the atmosphere are attached on particulate matters (PM), the high concentration of chemical pollutants in PM tends to restrain the growth of microbes, especially gathering atmospheric pollutants in heavy haze days. Moreover, moderate haze concentration and/or common chemical components could provide suitable microenvironments and nutrition for airborne microorganism survival. In summary, the study reviews much information and characteristics of airborne microbes for further study.
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Chen, Xue, Shaocai Yu, Liqiang Wang, Zhen Li, Yibo Zhang, Mengying Li, Khalid Mehmood et al. "Common source areas of air pollution vary with haze intensity in the Yangtze River Delta, China". Environmental Chemistry Letters 18, n.º 3 (13 de março de 2020): 957–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-00976-0.
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Guidi, F., R. T. Génova-Santos, J. A. Rubiño-Martín, M. W. Peel, M. Fernández-Torreiro, C. H. López-Caraballo, R. Vignaga et al. "QUIJOTE scientific results – VI. The Haze as seen by QUIJOTE". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 519, n.º 3 (9 de janeiro de 2023): 3460–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3468.
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ABSTRACT The Haze is an excess of microwave intensity emission surrounding the Galactic Centre. It is spatially correlated with the γ-ray Fermi bubbles, and with the S-PASS radio polarization plumes, suggesting a possible common provenance. The models proposed to explain the origin of the Haze, including energetic events at the Galactic Centre and dark matter decay in the Galactic halo, do not yet provide a clear physical interpretation. In this paper, we present a reanalysis of the Haze including new observations from the Multi-Frequency Instrument (MFI) of the Q-U-I Joint TEnerife (QUIJOTE) experiment, at 11 and 13 GHz. We analyse the Haze in intensity and polarization, characterizing its spectrum. We detect an excess of diffuse intensity signal ascribed to the Haze. The spectrum at frequencies 11 GHz $\, \le \nu \le \,$ 70 GHz is a power law with spectral index βH = −2.79 ± 0.08, which is flatter than the Galactic synchrotron in the same region (βS = −2.98 ± 0.04), but steeper than that obtained from previous works (βH ∼ −2.5 at 23 GHz $\, \le \, \nu \le \,$ 70 GHz). We also observe an excess of polarized signal in the QUIJOTE-MFI maps in the Haze area. This is a first hint detection of polarized Haze, or a consequence of curvature of the synchrotron spectrum in that area. Finally, we show that the spectrum of polarized structures associated with Galactic Centre activity is steep at low frequencies (β ∼ −3.2 at 2.3 GHz ≤ ν ≤ 23 GHz), and becomes flatter above 11 GHz.
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Ding, Yu Xian, Ning Bo Ma e Yu Xin Ding. "Study on the Impact of Fog and Haze on Environment and Control Recommendations". Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (junho de 2014): 1360–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.1360.
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China has seen large area of fog and haze weather which often lasted for a long time in different places of its central and eastern part during the year 2013. What’s more, North China, Central China, Huang-Huai area and the south part of the Yangtze River all suffered pollution to some degree. As a result, fog and haze and the serious pollution of PM2.5 became the hot topics both on the micro blog and among neighbors. Therefore, it has been a common recognition that we should strengthen the management of air pollution and reflect the economic development mode and our lifestyle. A brief analysis of the impact of fog and haze on the environment together with some control recommendations is done in this paper.
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Bell, Hazel K. "The Indexer forty years ago (April 1984)". Indexer 42, n.º 1 (março de 2024): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/index.2023.59.
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Hazel Bell, editor of The Indexer from 1978 to 1995, reflects on the content of the journal 40 years ago. In this issue, she travels back to April 1984, a time when, although computers were beginning to be used on indexing projects, index cards, and even index slips, were still very common, as described in several articles in this issue. Reflections on past issues are a regular feature in the journal. You can look further back in time with the ‘ The Indexer forty years ago’ series, which started in the September 2021 issue, or ‘ The Indexer thirty years ago’ series, which was published from 1991 to 2008.
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Jiao, Wenjiang, Xingwu Jia, Yuetong Liu, Qun Jiang e Ziyi Sun. "Single image mixed dehazing method based on numerical iterative model and DehazeNet". PLOS ONE 16, n.º 7 (30 de julho de 2021): e0254664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254664.
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As one of the most common adverse weather phenomena, haze has caused detrimental effects on many computer vision systems. To eliminate the effect of haze, in the field of image processing, image dehazing has been studied intensively, and many advanced dehazing algorithms have been proposed. Physical model-based and deep learning-based methods are two competitive methods for single image dehazing, but it is still a challenging problem to achieve fidelity and effectively dehazing simultaneously in real hazy scenes. In this work, a mixed iterative model is proposed, which combines a physical model-based method with a learning-based method to restore high-quality clear images, and it has good performance in maintaining natural attributes and completely removing haze. Unlike previous studies, we first divide the image into different regions according to the density of haze to accurately calculate the atmospheric light for restoring haze-free images. Then, dark channel prior and DehazeNet are used to jointly estimate the transmission to promote the final clear haze-free image that is more similar to the real scene. Finally, a numerical iterative strategy is employed to further optimize the atmospheric light and transmission. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods on synthetic datasets and real-world datasets. Moreover, to indicate the universality of the proposed method, we further apply it to the remote sensing datasets, which can also produce visually satisfactory results.
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Tian, S. L., Y. P. Pan e Y. S. Wang. "Size-resolved source apportionment of particulate matter in urban Beijing during haze and non-haze episodes". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, n.º 6 (30 de março de 2015): 9405–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-9405-2015.
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Abstract. More size-resolved chemical information is needed before the physicochemical characteristics and sources of airborne particles can be understood, but this information remains unavailable in most regions of China due to a paucity of measurement data. In this study, we report a one-year observation of various chemical species in size-segregated particle samples collected in urban Beijing, a mega city that experiences severe haze episodes. In addition to fine particles, the measured particle size distributions showed high concentrations of coarse particles during the haze periods. The abundance and chemical compositions of the particles in this study were temporally and spatially variable, with major contributions from organic matter and secondary inorganic aerosols. The contribution of the organic matter to the mass decreased from 37.9 to 33.1%, whereas the total contribution of SO42−, NO3− and NH4+ increased from 19.1 to 32.3% on non-haze and haze days, respectively. Due to heterogeneous reactions and hygroscopic growth, the peaks in the size distributions of organic carbon, SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, Cl−, K+ and Cu shifted from 0.43–0.65 μm on non-haze days to 0.65–1.1 μm on haze days. Although the size distributions are similar for the heavy metals Pb, Cd and Tl during the observation period, their concentrations increased by a factor of more than 1.5 on haze days compared with non-haze days. We found that NH4+ with a size range of 0.43–0.65 μm, SO42− and NO3− with a size range of 0.65–1.1 μm and Ca2+ with a size range of 5.8–9 μm as well as the meteorological factors of relative humidity and wind speed were responsible for the haze pollution when the visibility was less than 15 km. Source apportionment using positive matrix factorization identified six common sources: secondary inorganic aerosols (26.1% for fine particles vs. 9.5% for coarse particles), coal combustion (19 vs. 23.6%), primary emissions from vehicles (5.9 vs. 8.0%), biomass burning (8.5 vs. 2.9%), industrial pollution (6.3 vs. 8.5%) and mineral dust (16.1 vs. 35.1%). The first four factors were higher on haze days, while the latter factors were higher on non-haze days. The sources generally increased with decreasing size with the exception of mineral dust. However, two peaks were consistently found in the fine and coarse particles. The contributing sources also varied with the wind direction; coal and oil combustion products increased during southern flows, indicating that any mitigation strategy should consider the wind pattern, especially during the haze periods. The findings indicated that the PM2.5-based dataset is insufficient for the Chinese source control policy, and detailed size-resolved information is urgently needed to characterize the important sources in urban regions and better understand severe haze pollution.
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Tian, S. L., Y. P. Pan e Y. S. Wang. "Size-resolved source apportionment of particulate matter in urban Beijing during haze and non-haze episodes". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, n.º 1 (14 de janeiro de 2016): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1-2016.
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Abstract. Additional size-resolved chemical information is needed before the physicochemical characteristics and sources of airborne particles can be understood; however, this information remains unavailable in most regions of China due to lacking measurement data. In this study, we report observations of various chemical species in size-segregated particle samples that were collected over 1 year in the urban area of Beijing, a megacity that experiences severe haze episodes. In addition to fine particles, high concentrations of coarse particles were measured during the periods of haze. The abundance and chemical compositions of the particles in this study were temporally and spatially variable, with major contributions from organic matter and secondary inorganic aerosols. The contributions of organic matter to the particle mass decreased from 37.9 to 31.2 %, and the total contribution of sulfate, nitrate and ammonium increased from 19.1 to 33.9 % between non-haze and haze days, respectively. Due to heterogeneous reactions and hygroscopic growth, the peak concentrations of the organic carbon, cadmium and sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, chloride and potassium shifted from 0.43 to 0.65 µm on non-haze days to 0.65–1.1 µm on haze days. Although the size distributions of lead and thallium were similar during the observation period, their concentrations increased by a factor of more than 1.5 on haze days compared with non-haze days. We observed that sulfate and ammonium, which have a size range of 0.43–0.65 µm, sulfate and nitrate, which have a size range of 0.65–1.1 µm, calcium, which has a size range of 5.8–9 µm, and the meteorological factors of relative humidity and wind speed were responsible for haze pollution when the visibility was less than 10 km. Source apportionment using Positive Matrix Factorization showed six PM2.1 sources and seven PM2.1–9 common sources: secondary inorganic aerosol (25.1 % for fine particles vs. 9.8 % for coarse particles), coal combustion (17.7 % vs. 7.8 %), biomass burning (11.1 % vs. 11.8 %), industrial pollution (12.1 % vs. 5.1 %), road dust (8.4 % vs. 10.9 %), vehicle emissions (19.6 % for fine particles), mineral dust (22.6 % for coarse particles) and organic aerosol (23.6 % for coarse particles). The contributions of the first four factors and vehicle emissions were higher on haze days than non-haze days, while the reverse is true for road dust and mineral dust. The sources' contribution generally increased as the size decreased, with the exception of mineral dust. However, two peaks were consistently found in the fine and coarse particles. In addition, the sources' contribution varied with the wind direction, with coal and oil combustion products increasing during southern flows. This result suggests that future air pollution control strategies should consider wind patterns, especially during episodes of haze. Furthermore, the findings of this study indicated that the PM2.5-based data set is insufficient for determining source control policies for haze in China and that detailed size-resolved information is needed to characterize the important sources of particulate matter in urban regions and better understand severe haze pollution.
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Zhao, X. J., P. S. Zhao, J. Xu, W. Meng, W. W. Pu, F. Dong, D. He e Q. F. Shi. "Analysis of a winter regional haze event and its formation mechanism in the North China Plain". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, n.º 1 (9 de janeiro de 2013): 903–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-903-2013.
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Abstract. A regional haze episode occurred in the Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province (BTH) area in the North China Plain (NCP) from 16 to 19 January 2010. The chemical and optical properties of aerosols and the meteorological condition were investigated in this study with intensive measurement of aerosol and trace gases from 14 to 23 January 2010 at five sites. The episode was caused by the combination of anthropogenic emissions and surface air stagnation under a high pressure system followed by a low pressure system. The concentrations of PM2.5 and trace gases increased significantly on a regional scale during this episode. The increased aerosol scattering coefficient (σsp), absorption coefficient (σap), and aerosol optical depth (AOD) showed the importance of aerosol extinction during this haze episode. The increase of secondary inorganic pollutants (SO42−, NO3−, NH4+) was observed simultaneously at four sites, especially in the plain area of BTH, which could be identified as a common characteristic of pollution haze in east China. The organic matter (OM) was different from secondary inorganic pollutants, which increased more significantly at Chengde (CD) site than the other three sites in plain area. The sulfate and nitrate in PM2.5 were mainly formed through the heterogeneous reaction process in the urban area. The secondary organic aerosols in PM2.5 only existed during haze days at CD but in both haze and normal days at the other three sites. The chemical characteristics of aerosols in PM2.5 indicated that the secondary formation of aerosol was one important mechanism in the formation of haze episode. The strong temperature inversion and descending air motions in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) allowed pollutants to accumulate in a shallow layer. The weak surface wind speed produced high pollutants concentration within these source regions. The accumulation of pollutants was one main factor in the haze formation. The enhanced southwest wind in the last period of this episode transported pollutants to the downwind area and expanded the regional scope of the haze.
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Michelutti, Neal, Marianne S. V. Douglas, Dermot Antoniades, Igor Lehnherr, Vincent L. St. Louis, Kyra St. Pierre, Derek C. G. Muir, Gregg Brunskill e John P. Smol. "Contrasting the ecological effects of decreasing ice cover versus accelerated glacial melt on the High Arctic's largest lake". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, n.º 1929 (24 de junho de 2020): 20201185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.1185.
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Lake Hazen, the High Arctic's largest lake, has received an approximately 10-fold increase in glacial meltwater since its catchment glaciers shifted from net mass gain to net mass loss in 2007 common era (CE), concurrent with recent warming. Increased glacial meltwater can alter the ecological functioning of recipient aquatic ecosystems via changes to nutrient budgets, turbidity and thermal regimes. Here, we examine a rare set of five high-resolution sediment cores collected in Lake Hazen between 1990 and 2017 CE to investigate the influence of increased glacial meltwater versus alterations to lake ice phenology on ecological change. Subfossil diatom assemblages in all cores show two major shifts over the past approximately 200 years including: (i) a proliferation of pioneering, benthic taxa at approximately 1900 CE from previously depauperate populations; and (ii) a rise in planktonic taxa beginning at approximately 1980 CE to present-day dominance. The topmost intervals from each sequentially collected core provide exact dates and demonstrate that diatom regime shifts occurred decades prior to accelerated glacial inputs. These data show that diatom assemblages in Lake Hazen are responding primarily to intrinsic lake factors linked to decreasing duration of lake ice and snow cover rather than to limnological impacts associated with increased glacial runoff.
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Li, Yuhan, Yitong Ding, Yuhao Duan, Fengying Yang, Ying Xiong e Shaoyun Guo. "In Situ Formation of Compound Eye-like SAN-OSB Composite Microspheres by Melt-Blending Method: Enhancing Multiple-Scattering Effect". Polymers 16, n.º 14 (20 de julho de 2024): 2076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16142076.
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The preparation of novel structures of light-diffusing particles is currently a research focus in the field of light-diffusing materials. This study, conducted by the common melt-blending process, controlled thermodynamic and kinetic factors to distribute smaller-sized organic silica bead (OSB) particles at the interface between a polycarbonate (PC) matrix and spherical island-phase styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) for the in situ formation of compound eye-like microspheres with SAN as “large eyes” and OSBs as “small eyes”. Through the multiple-scattering effects of these compound eye-like microspheres, these light-diffusing materials significantly improved the haze, scattering range, and light-shielding capabilities while maintaining high transmittance. Specifically, the PC/SAN-OSB light-scattering materials achieved a haze of 100% with an OSB content of only 0.17%, maintaining a transmittance of 88%. Compared with the PC/OSB system with the same level of haze, the addition of OSB was reduced by 88%. Therefore, this study achieved exceptionally effective light-diffusing materials through a simple, environmentally friendly, and low-cost preparation method, suitable for the scalable production of light-diffusing materials in new display and lighting fields.
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Källander, Hans. "Food caching in the European Nuthatch Sitta europaea". Ornis Svecica 3, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 1993): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.34080/os.v3.23043.
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The behaviour and cache sites of European Nuthatches storing naturally occurring beech Fagus sylvatica and hazel Corylus avellana nuts in a South Swedish wood are described. Data are also given on the retrieval of cached nuts in winter and on recaching. On average it took a Nuthatch about 1 min to cache a beech nut. A third of all caches were below 1 m, 20% in the ground. Of those in trees, most were at heights between 5 and 15 m and less than 20% on branches thinner than 4 cm; of caches made above ground, 43% were in dead, often rotten wood. The choice of cache site was related to the kind of item to be cached: a higher proportion of hazel than beech nuts was cached in the ground. Oak was used proportionally more, and other species of tree proportionally less for caching than suggested by their abundance, perhaps because oak presented much dead wood which was extensively used for caching. More than 80% of all caches were covered with material from the immediate surroundings of the cache site. The Nuthatches removed the seed coat from a high proportion of the beech nuts before caching them; however, none of those cached in the ground and similar sites were shelled. During the coldest part of the winter, 1.1 nut per hour was retrieved in a winter following a poor mast crop vs 4.6 in a winter following a rich one. Recaching was common at all times but less so in winter.
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Luerdi, Luerdi, e Melly Wulandari. "KEBIJAKAN INDONESIA MENOLAK MENGGUNAKAN MEKANISME AATHP JOINT EMERGENCY RESPONSE DALAM MENGATASI KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN 2015". Jurnal Ilmu Politik dan Komunikasi 11, n.º 2 (9 de março de 2022): 48–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/jipsi.v11i2.5252.
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This paper aims to explain Indonesia’s rejection to resolve its 2015 forest and land fire disaster under the mechanism of Joint Emergency Response provided in the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution. The haze caused by forest and land fires in Indonesia raised threats to not only itself but also states in the region of Southeast Asia. As it was declared as a regional problem, ASEAN then responded by creating a common framework called the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution in 2002 and Indonesia was the last ratifying the agreement in 2014; more than a decade after its inception. Indonesia, however, refused to pick the AATHP Joint Emergency Response to tackle the 2015 disaster within its territorry despite its most serious recurring disaster since 1997. This research applied the qualitative method with a causal correlation analysis. The research applied Charles O. Lerche and Abdul A. Said’s national interest theory. The research found that Indonesia’s rejection was driven by its national interests such as image, economy and politics which were much more important than others. Instead, Indonesia preferred the domestic efforts and bilateral cooperation to respond to it. The paper argues that the Southeast Asian regional institution is not able to offer incentives overtaking states’ domestic-oriented national interests.
Keywords: Forest and land fire, haze, Joint Emergency Response, national interest.
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Lanters, José. "Women and Marriage: Hazel Ellis' Gate Theatre Plays of the 1930s in Context". Review of Irish Studies in Europe 5, n.º 2 (12 de dezembro de 2022): 2–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32803/rise.v5i2.3070.
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This essay considers two unpublished plays written by Hazel Ellis in the 1930s and produced by the Gate Theatre, Dublin, where Ellis had started out as an actor. While the two plays appear to have little in common, the substance of each echoes the public debate in Ireland at the time regarding marriage, divorce, and women in the workplace. These were the years leading up to the adoption of the 1937 Constitution, which sanctified the nuclear family and the central role of the wife and mother within it as the moral cornerstone of society. In both plays the female characters struggle to make meaningful choices within a restrictive, patriarchal environment. Portrait in Marble (1936) is a historical biographical drama dealing with Lord Byron’s turbulent relationships with two very different women: his lover, the outrageous (and married) Lady Caroline Lamb, and his wife, the intellectual and prudent Annabella Milbanke, who eventually chooses to separate from her husband. Women without Men (1938) features an all-female cast and is set in the teachers’ sitting room of a private girls’ boarding school modelled on the French School in Bray, Co. Wicklow, which Ellis had attended. It focusses on the anxieties, obsessions and grievances of the school’s teachers, all of whom are unmarried. This essay considers Ellis’ plays in the context of contemporary newspaper reporting about the low marriage rate in Ireland, legislation curtailing the right of married women to work in certain positions (the ‘marriage bar’), and the clerical and legal debate concerning divorce.
Keywords: Hazel Ellis, Gate Theatre Dublin, Irish theatre, women, marriage, divorce, marriage bar.
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Brischke, Christian, Lukas Emmerich, Dirk G. B. Nienaber e Susanne Bollmus. "Biological Durability of Sapling-Wood Products Used for Gardening and Outdoor Decoration". Forests 10, n.º 12 (17 de dezembro de 2019): 1152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10121152.
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Sapling-wood products from different wood species such as willow (Salix spp. L.) and Common hazel (Corylus avellana L.) are frequently used for gardening and outdoor decoration purposes. Remaining bark is suggested to provide additional biological durability. Even for temporary outdoor use it seemed questionable that durability of juvenile sapwood can provide acceptably long service lives of horticultural products. Therefore, sapling-wood from seven European-grown wood species was submitted to laboratory and field durability tests. In field tests, specimens with and without bark were tested in comparison and submitted to differently severe exposure situations, i.e., in-ground contact, and above-ground situations with and without water trapping. All materials under test were classified ‘not durable’ independently from any potential protective effect of remaining bark, which contradicted their suitability for outdoor applications if multi-annual use is desired.
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Green, Mark C., Jin Xu e Narendra Adhikari. "Transport of Atmospheric Aerosol by Gap Winds in the Columbia River Gorge". Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 47, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2008): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jamc1561.1.
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Abstract Typical diurnal wind patterns and their relationship to transport of atmospheric aerosol in the Columbia River gorge of Oregon and Washington are addressed in this paper. The measurement program included measurements of light scattering by particles (bsp) with nephelometers, and wind speed and direction, temperature, and relative humidity at seven locations in the gorge. Winds are shown to respond to along-gorge pressure gradients, and five common patterns were identified: strong, moderate, and light westerly (west to east), light easterly, and winter easterly. The strong westerly and winter easterly patterns were the most common summer and winter patterns, respectively, and represented strong gap flow. The light westerly and light easterly patterns occurred most frequently in spring and autumn transition periods. Winter easterly had the highest light scattering and indicated sources east of the gorge mainly responsible for haze. During summer, as westerly winds increased diurnally, a pulse of hazy air from the Portland, Oregon, metropolitan area is transported eastward into the gorge, arriving later with distance into the gorge. During light easterly flow impacts to haze from the city of The Dalles, Oregon, are noted as the wind shifts direction diurnally.
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Sabirzyanova, L. I., e V. V. Kryukova. "DETERMINATION OF THE LEVEL OF SPECIFIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN E IN THE BLOOD OF CATS WITH OB-STRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS WITH AN ALLER GENIC COMPONENT". International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine 3 (2020): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17238/issn2072-2419.2020.3.154.
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The article presents the results of blood testing of cats with obstructive bronchitis for specific immunoglobulin E in order to confirm the allergic etiology of the disease. The study involved 16 animals, of which an increased level of specific IgE was detected in 12 animals, 1 cat had uncertaine result, and only 3 animals showed a level within the physiological norm. Comparing the ob-tained results with the data of allergic skin intradermal testing, it can be seen that the largest number of registered allergic reac-tions is associated with a high level of spe-cific immunoglobulin E in the blood serum of animals, immunized by antigens, coming from the environment. That is, the antigens of house dust mites, especially mites of the genus Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus. Thus, the proportion of animals that had an allergic reaction to these ticks was 56.3 %. We ob-served slightly lower allergenicity for ticks of the genus Tugorhadis putrescentiae (37.5 %), Acarus siro (37.5%). Less than 7 % of allergic reactions were observed to antigens of herbs, in particular, meadow thymothy (phelum pretense), white Marion (Chenopodium album L.) and plantain ma-jor (Plantago major). There was no immu-nological reaction to plant components: hazel (Corylus), common wormwood (Artemisia vulgaris). The results obtained using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) were highly common with the results obtained during intra-dermal allergen testing. We can conclude that determining the level of IgE immunoglobulin in the blood of cats with signs of OB is an objective diagnostic criterion for confirming the allergic nature of obstructive bronchitis in cats.
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Keca, Nenad. "The test of eight tree species resistance to the attack of Armillaria mellea and A. ostoyae by artificial infection". Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, n.º 102 (2010): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf1002041k.
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In the forest ecosystems in Serbia five Armillaria species are present. Understanding differences in the pathogenicity of Armillaria species to the tree species is of a great importance for the foresters. The aim of study was to test susceptibility of eight forest tree species to attack of Armillaria mellea and A. ostoyae. The sticks of Hazel previously infected with mycelium of two Armillaria were placed next to the root collar of two years old seediling. In the period of eighteen months health status of tested seedlings was observed. Differences in susceptibility among tested tree species was observed, while there was no difference in the pathogenicity between Armillaria mellea and A. ostoyae. The most susceptible species were Serbian Spruce, Common Fir, Scots and Austrian Pine, following by Spruce and Douglas Fir, while more resistant were Pedunculate and Sessile oak.
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Hong, Ye, Chaoliu Li, Xiaolan Li, Yanjun Ma, Yunhai Zhang, Deping Zhou, Yangfeng Wang, Ningwei Liu e Xiaojiao Chang. "Analysis of Compositional Variation and Source Characteristics of Water-Soluble Ions in PM2.5 during Several Winter-Haze Pollution Episodes in Shenyang, China". Atmosphere 9, n.º 7 (19 de julho de 2018): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9070280.
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From 18 February to 13 March 2014 and from 17 December 2016 to 27 January 2017, an online analyzer for monitoring aerosols and gases (MARGA) and an online single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) were used to measure and analyze the concentrations and sources of water-soluble (WS) ions in PM10, PM2.5, and gases (NH3, HNO3, HCl), in Shenyang City, China. During the field campaign, nine haze episodes (or smog episodes, total 582 h) were identified, with 960 identified as non-haze periods. The average mass concentrations of PM2.5 and total water-soluble ions (TWSIs) in PM2.5 during haze episodes were 131 μg·m−3 and 77.2 μg·m−3, 2.3 times and 1.9 times the values in non-haze periods, respectively. The average mass concentration of TWSIs in PM2.5 was 55.9 μg·m−3 (accounting for 55.9% of PM2.5 mass loading), 37.6% of which was sulfate, 31.7% nitrate, 20.0% ammonium, 6.6% chloride, 1.9% potassium, 1.4% calcium, and 0.8% magnesium throughout the campaign. Concentrations of sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium (SNA) secondary pollution ions increased rapidly during haze episodes to as much as 2.2 times, 3.0 times, and 2.4 times higher than during non-haze periods, respectively. Diurnal variations during non-haze periods were significant, while complex pollution was insignificant. Based on changes in the backward trajectories and concentrations of WS ions, the hazy episodes were divided into three types: complex, coal-burning, and automobile exhaust pollution. All complex episodes had high concentrations and greater contributions of ammonium nitrate from complex and automobile exhaust pollution, while the contribution of ammonium sulfate from coal-burning pollution was greater than that of ammonium nitrate. The correlation coefficients among SNA species were very high in complex pollution, with nitrate and sulfate the main forms present. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) were related to emissions from burning coal for heating and from long-range transmission in winter. In the case of exhaust pollution, NO3− accounted for the highest percentage of PM2.5, and NH4+ was more closely related to NO3− than to SO42−. Coal-burning pollution was the most common type of pollution in Shenyang. The contribution of sulfate was higher than that of nitrate. Based on PCA, the contribution of coal-burning emissions varied from 36.7% to 53.6% due to industry, soil sources, and other factors.
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Anant More. "DehazeModel: Enhancing Image Clarity with an Encoder-Decoder CNN Approach". Journal of Electrical Systems 20, n.º 9s (10 de junho de 2024): 2047–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.4809.
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We introduce DehazeModel, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) tailored for the purpose of enhancing single images by removing haze. DehazeModel comprises several components, including pre-processing, image dehazing, and post-processing modules. The pre-processing module, which is trainable, generates enhanced inputs featuring a wider array of characteristics compared to manually chosen pre-processing methods. The Image Dehazing module employs a novel encoder-decoder framework, overcoming common issues found in traditional multi-scale methods. Moreover, the post-processing module aids in minimizing artifacts in the resultant output. Experimental findings indicate that DehazeModel surpasses existing state-of-the-art techniques on the RESIDE dataset. Our experiments, conducted on both indoor and outdoor images, illustrate the robustness of our approach across various scenarios, independent of atmospheric scattering effects.
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Pycia, Karolina, Ireneusz Kapusta e Grażyna Jaworska. "Changes in Antioxidant Activity, Profile, and Content of Polyphenols and Tocopherols in Common Hazel Seed (Corylus avellana L.) Depending on Variety and Harvest Date". Molecules 25, n.º 1 (20 de dezembro de 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25010043.
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The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of variety and the date of harvest of hazelnut seeds on their antioxidant potential and the profile and content of polyphenols and tocopherols. The research material included the hazelnut seeds of six varieties, harvested from July to September at equal 30-day intervals. Hazelnuts were analyzed for total fat content and antioxidant properties, whereby UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS analysis was used to determine the profile and content of polyphenols, and the HPLC method to determine the content of tocopherols. It was found that the content of fat and tocopherols in nuts increased with the ripening of the nuts. The highest fat content was found in walnut seeds of the Kataloński variety (September) and tocopherols in walnut seeds of the Olbrzym z Halle variety (177.67 mg/kg d.m.). In turn, antioxidant properties and total polyphenols content decreased with the later harvest date. The strongest antioxidant potential was found in the case of Cosford nuts harvested in July (66.93 mmol TE/100 g d.m.). These nuts were also characterized by the highest total polyphenol content (1704.9 mg/100 g d.m.). UPLC-MS analysis allowed the identification of 15 polyphenolic compounds such as phenolic acids, catechins and ellagic acid hexoside in nut seeds.