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Shin, Hyun-Seok, e Sang Hoon Choi. "Reevaluating the Governance of the National Education Commission and Exploring Strategies to Enhance Public Participation". Korea Society Of The Politics Of Education 30, n.º 4 (31 de dezembro de 2023): 211–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.52183/kspe.2023.30.4.211.
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This study explores strategies for the National Education Commission to function as a cooperative educational governance for expanded citizen participation. The governance model is divided into structural (involving a National Participation Committee at the central level and a regional educational governance at the local level) and process-oriented (involving a Public Deliberation Committee and a social consultation model). Analyzing the models, the study focuses on the degree of hierarchical organization and organizational organization of understanding groups. The National Participation Committee exhibits cooperative governance with low organizational organization of understanding groups, requiring consideration of advisory body limitations and ways to incorporate field voices. Regional educational governance shows a hierarchical form, necessitating attention to network configuration to avoid operation by compromise rather than stakeholder participation. Both the Public Deliberation Committee and the social consultation model have cooperative governance, but differences in organizational organization and hierarchical structure suggest the need for specialized mechanisms based on issue characteristics. Overall, the study suggests improvements for each model to optimize citizen participation and cooperation in educational governance.
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Sitienei, Jackline, Lenore Manderson e Mabel Nangami. "Community participation in the collaborative governance of primary health care facilities, Uasin Gishu County, Kenya". PLOS ONE 16, n.º 3 (31 de março de 2021): e0248914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248914.
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Introduction Community participation in the governance of health services is an important component in engaging stakeholders (patients, public and partners) in decision-making and related activities in health care. Community participation is assumed to contribute to quality improvement and goal attainment but remains elusive. We examined the implementation of community participation, through collaborative governance in primary health care facilities in Uasin Gishu County, Western Kenya, under the policy of devolved governance of 2013. Methods Utilizing a multiple case study methodology, five primary health care facilities were purposively selected. Study participants were individuals involved in the collaborative governance of primary health care facilities (from health service providers and community members), including in decision-making, management, oversight, service provision and problem solving. Data were collected through document review, key informant interviews and observations undertaken from 2017 to 2018. Audio recording, notetaking and a reflective journal aided data collection. Data were transcribed, cleaned, coded and analysed iteratively into emerging themes using a governance attributes framework. Findings A total of 60 participants representing individual service providers and community members participated in interviews and observations. The minutes of all meetings of five primary health care facilities were reviewed for three years (2014–2016) and eight health facility committee meetings were observed. Findings indicate that in some cases, structures for collaborative community engagement exist but functioning is ineffective for a number of reasons. Health facility committee meetings were most frequent when there were project funds, with discussions focusing mainly on construction projects as opposed to the day-to-day functioning of the facility. Committee members with the strongest influence and power had political connections or were retired government workers. There were no formal mechanisms for stakeholder forums and how these worked were unclear. Drug stock outs, funding delays and unclear operational guidelines affected collaborative governance performance. Conclusion Implementing collaborative governance effectively requires that the scope of focus for collaboration include both specific projects and the routine functioning of the primary health care facility by the health facility committee. In the study area, structures are required to manage effective stakeholder engagement.
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Li, Chao, Runhua Xu e Li Duan. "Characterizing Coin-Based Voting Governance in DPoS Blockchains". Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 17 (2 de junho de 2023): 1148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v17i1.22225.
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Delegated-Proof-of-Stake (DPoS) blockchains are governed by a committee of dozens of members elected via coin-based voting mechanisms. This paper presents a large-scale empirical study of two critical characteristics, personal impact and participation rate, of three leading DPoS blockchains. Our findings reveal the existence of decisive voters whose votes can alter election outcomes, as well as the fact that almost half of the coins have never been used in committee elections. Our research contributes to demystifying the actual use of coin-based voting governance and offers novel insights into the potential security risks of DPoS blockchains.
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Li, Michael. "Governance of Citizen Participation and its Related Concepts: A Review of Literature". International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 61 (outubro de 2015): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.61.99.
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This article reviews the concept of citizen participatory governance or citizen participation in public policy-making, a new mode of institutional arrangement increasingly becoming popular in many industrialized democracies. The governance of citizen participation may take different forms, and past studies used different terms in describing the concept. This article take a brief look at various forms of citizen participation (citizen participation in budgeting, collaborative governance, public-private partnership, and citizen coproduction of public service) and explain their concepts as demonstrated in prior research. In a nutshell, this article conclude that these various forms of citizen participation are not well conceptualized in the past literature and calls for future research in this research area with growing importance.
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Mandal, Ram Babu. "Public Participation in Governance of Community College". Academic Voices: A Multidisciplinary Journal 6 (4 de junho de 2018): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v6i0.20107.
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The purpose of this study was to explored public participation in governance of the community college. The local people established college in their community of their active participation. Community colleges help for the access of higher education in rural area but not being able to fulfill desire of the local people. The study focuses on public participation in governance of community college. The study was carried out in a qualitative paradigm in which a case study facilitated access to in-depth feelings, views, and opinions of community members and educators regarding their participation in providing education. Data were generated through in-depth interview with parents of children in the college, College Management Committee (CMC) members, and the college chief. Data were transcribed and analyzed manually through the cut and paste technique. The study found out that public participation in governance of community colleges is of various types it may be involvement through sending their children to the college and providing fees and stationery, involvement through contributions of physical things & donations from the very beginning of the establishment of the college, involvement through attendance in programs and meetings conducted by the college, participation in real decision making etc. Further, parents financed college budgets, and were involved in college governance.Academic Voices Vol.6 2016: 37-42
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Rizvi, Gowher. "Democracy, Governance and Civil Society in South Asia (The Distinguishedl Lecture)". Pakistan Development Review 33, n.º 4I (1 de dezembro de 1994): 593–624. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v33i4ipp.593-624.
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Six years ago, at the start of 1988, the prospect for democracy in South Asia did not appear very promising. The military rulers both in Pakistan and Bangladesh had managed to cloak their regimes in civilian attire and appeared well entrenched even if their quest for legitimacy had evaded them. In Nepal and Bhutan the hereditary monarchs showed no signs of conceding to the demands for popular participation despite the simmering political discontent in both countries. The democratic traditions of Sri Lanka had proved sufficiently resilient for the formal representative institutions to endure but the continued civil strife and violence had virtually reduced effective popular participation into a farce. Likewise in India, whilst the ghost of Indira Gandhi's authoritarian rule during the emergency in 1975-77 had been exorcised by subsequent renewals of popular mandate, the democratic institutions and popular accountability had probably suffered irreversible damages and it was not uncommon amongst political analysts to speak of the 'ungovernability' of the country.
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Wang, Bowen, Desheng Hu, Diandian Hao, Meng Li e Yanan Wang. "Influence of Government Information on Farmers’ Participation in Rural Residential Environment Governance: Mediating Effect Analysis Based on Moderation". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 23 (30 de novembro de 2021): 12607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312607.
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Rural revitalisation in China relies heavily on the rural residential environment and is vital to the well-being of farmers. The governance of rural human settlements is a kind of public good. The external economy of governance results in the free-riding behaviour of some farmers, which does not entice farmers to participate in governance. However, current research seldom considers the public good of rural human settlements governance. This research is based on the pure public goods attribute of rural human settlements governance. It begins with government information and, using structural equation modelling (SEM), researchers construct the influence mechanism of government information, attitude, attention, and participation ability on the depth of farmers’ participation. The empirical results show that ability, attention, and attitude all have a dramatic positive influence on the depth of farmers’ participation, and the degree of impact gradually becomes weaker. Additionally, government information stimulus is not enough to promote farmers’ deep participation in governance. It needs to rely on intermediary variables to indirectly affect the depth of participation (ability, attention, attitude), and there is a path preference for the influence of government information on the depth of participation. As an important organisation in the management of rural areas, the village committee can significantly adjust the effect of the degree of attention on the depth of participation of farmers. Therefore, the government not only needs to provide farmers with reliable and useful information, but also needs to combine necessary measures to guide farmers to participate in the governance of rural human settlements.
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Arunruangsirilert, Teerachai, e Supasith Chonglerttham. "Effect of corporate governance characteristics on strategic management accounting in Thailand". Asian Review of Accounting 25, n.º 1 (6 de fevereiro de 2017): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-11-2015-0107.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore relationships between corporate governance characteristics and strategic management accounting (SMA). The relationships provide insight into a debatable issue of whether corporate governance characteristics affect applications of SMA in Thailand. SMA is supporting tools for an organization to effectively execute its management strategies aiming for business success. Design/methodology/approach This study analyzes primary data from survey and corporate governance data from year 2011 to 2013 of companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand. Findings Results show that corporate governance characteristics significantly affect SMA in two aspects, namely, participation and usage. This study finds some results that, on the one hand, separation of CEO’s role and chairmanship, size of independent board, and frequency of audit committee meetings positively affect both participation and usage. On the other hand, an independent chairman and board size negatively affect both participation and usage. Originality/value Findings confirm framework of enterprise governance issued by the International Federation of Accountants that not only does corporate governance provides assurance control, but it also provides strategic governance through behavioral applications of SMA tools and supports.
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Hao, Diandian, Ziyi Yan, Yanan Wang e Bowen Wang. "Effect of Village Informal Institutions and Cadre-Mass Relationship for Farmers’ Participation in Rural Residential Environment Governance in China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, n.º 1 (20 de dezembro de 2022): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010003.
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Rural residential environment governance (RRE), as the first tough battle of China’s rural revitalization strategy, relies on farmers’ participation since farmers are the main laborers, builders, and administrators in environmental governance. However, lackluster farmers’ enthusiasm and initiative have hindered RRE initiatives, prompting this paper. Based on the survey data of 1804 farmers in China, this paper, from the perspective of mobilization governance, empirically analyzes the impact of informal village institutions, the cadre-mass relationship, and their interaction on farmers’ participation in RRE governance through the entropy method, ols, and quantile regression model. The empirical results indicate that informal institutions promoted farmers’ participation through three mechanisms, with disciplinary supervision impact being the most significant and value-oriented next, but transmission internalization doesn’t work as well as it should. Meanwhile, for farmers with varying degrees of participation, there is a general difference in the governance effect of informal institutions. Furthermore, the close cadre-mass relationship significantly strengthened disciplinary supervision and transmission internalization effects to mobilize farmers’ participation. Therefore, the village committee should implement diverse informal institutions based on the actual situation of their village. Moreover, it is necessary to shape a close cadre-mass relationship to improve the accuracy of institutions’ implementation.
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Lavelle, Kathryn C. "U.S. Foreign Policy and the Governance of Finance". Business and Politics 21, n.º 1 (11 de julho de 2018): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bap.2018.12.
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AbstractWhat factors explain U.S. participation in multilateral forums that govern finance? Current literature misses the key features of the Federal Reserve, Treasury, and Congress that result in their distinct manners of support for various multilateral arrangements. I revisit the archival record and apply a new understanding to American participation in the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) and Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) as the financial regime has evolved since the collapse of fixed parity in the IMF after 1971. I thus explain the puzzle of American ambivalence through an exploration of the fragmented U.S. regulatory system, which inhibits the United States from acting as a unitary, lead actor of multilateral negotiations. Hence, American coordination must take place both domestically and internationally for an agreement to emerge.
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Thapa, S., R. Prasai e R. Pahadi. "Does gender-based leadership affect good governance in community forest management ? A case study from Bhaktapur district". Banko Janakari 30, n.º 2 (17 de dezembro de 2020): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v30i2.33479.
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In spite of policy programs in place, good forest governance does not still persist in community forestry sector of Nepal. This study aims to understand how genderbased leadership affects good forest governance in the two community forest user groups, viz. the Bandeshwori CFUG and the Suryamod Perunge CFUG of Bhaktapur district, Nepal from gender perspective. Both the primary and secondary methods were employed for data collection. The collected data were screened, and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The study compares the individual elements (transparency, accountability and participation) of the governance with the overall governance scenarios between the two community forests. As per the findings of this study, the female leadership was found to be better in forest management by maintaining all aspects of governance as compared to the male. This was because of the higher participation of all the users, regular audit of income and expenditure, accountability of executive committee towards user group, high-level of transparency and predictability. The study concludes that decentralization of power to female, and their active participation in leadership position are needed for maintaining good governance and proper management of community forest.
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Su, Yunxia. "Status Quo and Countermeasures of Academic Journals' WeChat Official Account Participation in Science Popularization". Frontiers in Sustainable Development 4, n.º 1 (23 de janeiro de 2024): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bs97hn87.
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Taking 27 academic journals of the subject of "environmental science", which were also included in the core of Peking University in 2017 and 2020, as the research object, we investigated the science popularization participation of the academic journal WeChat official account. Research has found that the participation of natural science and technology academic journals in popular science varies. From the perspective of subject participation in popular science, academic journals have a relatively rich variety of popular science content types. From the perspective of academic journal participation in popular science, the number of popular science content types participated by each academic journal varies, and the positioning of journal participation in popular science has not yet formed differentiated development. The content types of academic journals in the field of "environmental science" participating in popular science can be classified into 9 categories: Discipline Review and Prospect, scientific briefings, promotion of science and technology and methods, industry dynamics and news, science and technology commendations, environmental governance systems, popular science knowledge, scientific research stories, and reader perspectives. Academic journals can fully utilize new media to participate in science popularization, and combine the positioning of the journal to take the path of distinctive science popularization participation.
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Buang*, Mokhtaruddin. "Systematic Review of Member's Participation in the Co-operative Governance: What has been Studied". International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 10, n.º 6 (30 de agosto de 2021): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.f3071.0810621.
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Co-operatives are seen as an essential economic platform for supporting development programs, and its viability is depending on members' active participation in co-operative governance. Since member participation in co-operative governance is fundamental to the organization's survival, it is necessary to review and synthesize studies from the last ten years in order to enhance our understanding of the components of member participation in co-operative governance. Following the “PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses)” technique, a comprehensive search of the Scopus and Web of Science databases discovered 13 relevant papers that match to the study objectives. An examination of the articles revealed two major aspects: the "supporter" who attends general meetings and the "believer" who serves on a board or committee, with these two themes forming a total of seven sub-themes. This study contributes significantly by providing an overview of the research trend in terms of member participation in cooperative governance. Second, the elements of member participation that have been studied are highlighted in this systematic review. The findings revealed that the majority of the studies focused mainly on members' participation in annual general meetings ("supporter"), with ten studies indicating that research on the participation of members serving on the board is still inadequate. Some recommendations for future research are provided to examine other elements of member participation, particularly their participation as the board members.
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Kasahara, Yuri, Maria do Carmo Sobral e Maiara Gabrielle de Souza Melo. "The local dimension in water resources governance: the experience of inter-municipal consortia and committees on river basins". Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (Online) 55, n.º 3 (8 de setembro de 2020): 282–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/z2176-947820200711.
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Integrated water resources management is advancing in Brazil as decentralized and participatory governance gains more prominence. However, local actions need to be better understood since several public policies are effectively implemented at this level. The present article aims to present the current debate about the local dimension in water resources governance. The paper analyzes empirical cases of water resources management in semi-arid Brazil, based on the performance of inter-municipal consortia and São Francisco’s River Basin Committee. Research shows that municipalities do not ignore the need to adopt new management models in response to their known financial and technical limitations. Cases of inter-municipal consortia and river basin committees have proven to be opportunities for greater visibility and action of local participants. Inter-municipal consortia assist in sanitation management, because they increase the access of municipalities to the services provided. On the other hand, dynamics of the river basin committee expanded the possibilities of participation of local actors, allowing the debate and shared decision-making. Nevertheless, identifying factors and strategies for the successful organization of local participation and cooperation in these new governance arrangements is needed.
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Alcântara de Lima, Fabiano de, Leandro Pereira, José Santos, Renato Lopes da Costa e Álvaro Dias. "Olympic and Paralympic Games Project Structure and Governance". International Journal of Information Technology Project Management 13, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2022): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitpm.290420.
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The Olympic and Paralympic Games is a megaproject that involves huge investment and time effort from public and private entities to take place, which has been facing issues to find host candidate cities recently. This paper focus on the private side of the megaproject and discuss the Organizing Committee for Olympic Games (OCOG) project governance and structure taking advantage of Rio2016 case to detail project phases, reporting and governance structures. The paper presents the OCOG as a single purpose entity (SPE) and uses Rio2016 as a case study. A multi-method qualitative research was conducted to understand OCOG project environment and particularities. The role and participation of International Olympic Committee (IOC) in OCOG daily life could be improved to support the pressure for Games cost reduction, as well as, to increase the Games hosting attractiveness. This work contributes for the Olympic Games project environment understanding by future OCOGs
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Dosh, Paul. "Tactical Innovation, Democratic Governance, and Mixed Motives: Popular Movement Resilience in Peru and Ecuador". Latin American Politics and Society 51, n.º 1 (2009): 87–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2009.00041.x.
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AbstractUrban popular movements that organize illegal land invasion communities present an intriguing puzzle. When most invasion organizations acquire land titles, their participation levels plummet and their agendas stagnate; yet some neighborhoods achieve land titles, sustain high participation, and acquire other services, such as piped-in water. Why do these organizations achieve movement resilience? The more typical trajectory of movement collapse is explained by the disappearance of the key selective incentive, property security. Some organizations, however, evade this “security trap” through mixed motives: their basic material agenda is supplemented by a nonmaterial and often altruistic agenda, which sustains participation in the face of reduced selective incentives. Examining three neighborhood case studies in Lima and Quito, this article argues that a new, “innovator” type of invasion organization is more likely to exhibit sustained participation and movement resilience due to tactical innovation, democratic governance, and mixed motives.
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HANSON, REBECCA, e PABLO LAPEGNA. "Popular Participation and Governance in the Kirchners' Argentina and Chávez's Venezuela: Recognition, Incorporation and Supportive Mobilisation". Journal of Latin American Studies 50, n.º 1 (6 de março de 2017): 153–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x17000074.
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AbstractHow did governance in Kirchner's Argentina and Chávez's Venezuela interact with popular mobilisation? How have popular sectors engaged with and participated in Left-of-centre governance? Using ethnographic data, we argue that the answers to these questions lie in three social mechanisms that we call recognition, incorporation and selective mobilisation. We analyse how activists and participants interpreted and contested these mechanisms, paying attention to how they informed the everyday life of activism and the situated actions of participants. Underscoring their socially embedded and path-dependent nature, we argue that these mechanisms shaped mobilisation differently in each country.
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Chantachaimongkol, Nunthapin, e Shuwen Chen. "The relationship between corporate governance and information disclosures: Evidence from the Philippines". Corporate Ownership and Control 15, n.º 4-1 (2018): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv15i4c1p6.
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This paper aims to investigate the impact of board characteristics and auditors on the disclosure practices of listed companies in the Philippines. This study used a self-constructed research instrument, namely the ASEAN Disclosure Index, to assess the extent of corporate disclosure of 21 the Philippines’ listed companies from 2011-2015, made out of 105 observations. The index covers 212 information items, with three attributes: financial information (76 items), non-financial information (68 items) and strategic information (68 items). An empirical result reports that the result reveals that an audit committee independence is positively significant at 95% level while board size and a number of board meetings held in the year are negatively significant at 95% level. For other variables covering board independence, a number director participation rates, gender diversity, CEO duality, a number of audit committee meetings, a number of audit committee participation rates and quality of external auditors, no significant relationship was found. This study contributes to the literature by offering a new instrument for assessing the extent of corporate disclosure in Southeast Asia region and also providing a novel viewpoint into the relationships between corporate governance mechanisms on information disclosure practices in a context of developing countries like the Philippines. Definitely, the contributed empirical evidence of this study might also help regulators for enhancing the level of corporate disclosure in the Philippines as well as neighboring countries in Southeast Asia region.
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Pratikno, Pratikno, e Cornelis Lay. "From Populism to Democratic Polity: Problems and Challenges in Surakarta, Indonesia". PCD Journal 3, n.º 1-2 (7 de junho de 2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/pcd.25740.
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This paper discusses democratisation practiced in Surakarta, Indonesia, which has been claimed by many experts as a municipality with "best practices" of democratic local governance in Indonesia. Their analyses focus on the actors and claim that participation is a possible way of crafting stable democracy. This participation in turn, they suggest, is a result of decentralisation which thus strengthen local democracy. Presenting the civil society participation and the decentralisation in the city of Surakarta, this paper shows that what actually happens is otherwise. It argues that the rise of popular participation was rooted in contentious local politics. Besides, the constitution of the new forms of popular representation are not supported by, and produced within, a clear ideological framework from the people in Surakarta.
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Martínez, Jenny, Catherine Verrier Piersol, Kenneth Lucas e Natalie E. Leland. "Operationalizing Stakeholder Engagement Through the Stakeholder-Centric Engagement Charter (SCEC)". Journal of General Internal Medicine 37, S1 (29 de março de 2022): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-021-07029-4.
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AbstractThere is a need for clear strategies and procedures to operationalize stakeholder engagement in research studies. Clear guidelines that promote shared leadership among study investigators and research stakeholders are important for inclusive and sustainable partnerships. Such guidelines may take the form of a governance charter and can be a means for encouraging the participation and inclusion of stakeholders who may have little to no experience with research or are otherwise underrepresented in research. This perspective article presents the Stakeholder-Centric Engagement Charter (SCEC), one effort to operationalize a stakeholder engagement approach between researchers and an advisory committee as guided by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute’s (PCORI) Research Engagement Principles (i.e., reciprocal relationships, partnerships, co-learning, transparency-honesty-trust). Building on the SCEC can help future investigators develop a study-specific, dynamic, governance document outlining advisory committee and research team preferences in areas such as role expectations, study governance, and decision-making procedures.
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Kim, Jin Suk, e Ji Yeun Lim. "Improvement plans and future tasks for the governance of the Korean Medical Association". Journal of the Korean Medical Association 63, n.º 6 (10 de junho de 2020): 316–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2020.63.6.316.
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The purpose of this study is to suggest improvement measures to solve the problems of governance within the Korean Medical Association (KMA), and to outline future tasks to implement these measures. The following measures are proposed to improve the governance of the KMA: a new representative system, the revision of the term of officers, new qualification requirements for representatives and officers, a clear business division for vice presidents, the organization and operation of councils by professional fields, and an organization of a top decision making committee. Future tasks to apply these measures in practice include the establishment of the direction of improvement of the KMA‘s governance, organization and operation of the presidential committee, and active participation and support of the KMA members. In order to improve the KMA‘s governance, the bodies of the KMA must avoid conflicts and criticisms; taking collective decisions about all tasks and policies should be made an essential principle. In conclusion, the bodies of the KMA must cooperate with each other while constantly considering and discussing the purpose of the establishment of the KMA. These measures will ensure the improvement of KMA’s governance.
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Mahendrati Dwiharja, Laksmi, e Taufik Kurrohman. "PENGARUH AKUNTABILITAS DAN TRANSPARANSI PENGELOLAAN ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA SEKOLAH (APBS) TERHADAP PARTISIPASI KOMITE SEKOLAH (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI SE-KECAMATAN PATRANG KABUPATEN JEMBER)". Jurnal Riset Akuntansi dan Keuangan 1, n.º 3 (2 de maio de 2017): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jrak.v1i3.6696.
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Accountability and transparency are needed to create credibility and fulfill the principles of good governance. The availability of space for the school committee to get involved is a hallmark of accountability and transparency of educational entities. Lack of accountability and transparency in management of School Budget are factors that affects the participation of school committees on performing the functions and its role against education. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of accountability and transparency in the management of APBS against participation of the school committee. The population of this research is the Primary School in Patrang, Jember`s Sub District listed in UPT District of Patrang, Department of Education in 2013 year. The sampling method used was purposive sampling, as the school committee to perform its functions more than one year with an error rate of 5% was its basic. Data were collected by trough questionnaires targeted to the school committee involved Chairman, Secretary, Treasurer, and members of structural discretion in each school. The data prior to analysis have been tested for validity and reliability. Techniques of data analysis used multiple regression. Results of this study concludes that accountability and transparency APBS has positive influence significantly on the participation of school committees.
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Kingah, Sevidzem Stephen. "The African Union's Capacity in Promoting Good Governance". International Organizations Law Review 3, n.º 2 (2006): 317–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157237406780331715.
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AbstractIn the spirit of the Constitutive Act of the African Union we must work for a continent characterized by democratic principles and institutions which guarantee popular participation and provide for good governance. Through our actions, let us proclaim to the world that this is a continent of democracy, a continent of democratic institutions and culture. Indeed, a continent of good governance, where the people participate and the rule of law is upheld.
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Mishra, Mamta, e Amarjeet Kaur Malhotra. "Audit Committee Characteristics and Earnings Management: Evidence from India". International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 6, n.º 2 (9 de novembro de 2016): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v6i2.10008.
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Earnings management is perceived to be a pervasive phenomenon, spread across companies and industries. It distorts earnings quality and portrays an incorrect picture of a firm’s financial performance. Accounting frauds in companies originate from a culture of widespread earnings management. Audit committees are a popular corporate governance tool to improve the credibility of financial statements. The study, evidently the first of its kind in India, seeks to examine the effectiveness of audit committees in constraining earnings management in Indian companies. Secondary data is collected for a sample of 130 companies listed on the BSE and studied for a three-year period 2013-2015. Univariate correlations, multivariate linear regression, and logistic regression models are used to conduct empirical analysis. Evidence suggests significant impact of audit committee size, multiple directorships of audit committee members and frequency of audit committee meetings on earnings quality. Other audit committee characteristics are not found to have a significant impact on the level of earnings management. Findings of the study throw up useful insights for regulators and company boards to evaluate the efficacy of board audit committees and implement additional governance measures to help preserve the integrity of financial statements.
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Dhakal, Rebat Kumar. "How Are ‘Included’ Excluded and Vice-Versa: Negotiated Participation of Women in School Governance in Nepal". Journal of Social Inclusion Studies 7, n.º 1 (junho de 2021): 16–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23944811211020369.
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Women representation in public institutions has been a key policy shift in Nepal in the recent decade. Despite such policy intervention as affirmative action measures to encourage women participation in public institutions and likewise increased presence of women in politics and public institutions, women’s participation at local level school decision-making processes remains limited. Through a lens of representation and theory of participation and an examination of women’s experiences, this study critically examines the dynamics of inclusion and exclusion in the School Management Committee. Drawing on original ethnographic research in a secondary school in rural Kaski, Gandaki Province, Nepal, this study draws that predominant female gender images were reproduced in the initial stage of women participation which made them feel ‘othered’ and ‘excluded’; however, gradually, with the passage of time and learning, such images receded and they felt more ‘included’ and were thereby likely to demonstrate more substantive participation.
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Huang, Philip C. C. "The State and the Village: From a Balanced Relationship to Imbalance and Rebalancing". Rural China 15, n.º 2 (30 de agosto de 2018): 187–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22136746-01502001.
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This article takes as its point of departure contrasts between China’s fundamental philosophy of governance and the Anglo-American classical-liberal tradition, to show the differences between a mode of thinking that sees binary opposites as forming interactive unified wholes rather than mutually exclusive either / or opposites. It reviews the Chinese state’s relationship with village communities by looking back at the history of the past century, in North China and in the Yangzi Delta. The article summarizes the traditional mode of governance in the Qing period, undergirded by both state leadership and village self-governance, as well as both moralism and practicality, in the management of village affairs and mediations of disputes. That was followed by the decline and partial breakdown of the system in the Republic, and then excessive state control in the collective era, followed by the opposite of nearly complete state withdrawal in the late Reform period. What is needed is a more balanced relationship between the state and the village, with both top-down leadership and bottom-up participation. Within the party’s own “mass line” tradition, we can separate out the excesses of movement politics from positive practices like the emphasis on investigation and study in public policy-making, on test-point trials before enacting public policies, and on popular participation. Such popular participation should be developed further today to build a better and more balanced relationship between state and society, and prevent recurrences of tendencies toward either too much or too little state involvement in village affairs, in order to implement better the moral ideals of “humane government” and “serve” “the people.” Voluntary popular participation should actually be established as the sine qua non for enacting major public policies affecting the people’s livelihood.
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Mollman, Sarah, Christina Plemmons, Caitlyn Ireland, Cori Heier, Annette Ray e Amanda Mitchell. "Shared Governance Through Bylaws: Transformation Within a College of Nursing". Journal of Nursing Education 63, n.º 5 (maio de 2024): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20240305-01.
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Background: Enhancing faculty voice and promoting shared governance within academia has long been called for but has not been well-reported. A college of nursing in the midwestern United States identified shortcomings in its organizational structure including lack of faculty voice, communication barriers, lack of faculty participation in decision making, and academic programs operating independently. Method: A workgroup was formed to transform the bylaws to promote shared governance, including faculty voice, equality, and engagement. Results: The bylaws were revised and presented to faculty for discussion, further revisions, and vote. The revised bylaws were approved and implemented in August 2021. Conclusion: Through transformation of the bylaws, the college's 12-committee structure was reconceptualized to five standing committees and 13 subcommittees. Clear communication lines and cross-committee collaboration was established to break down the former academic program silos. Faculty with primary teaching assignments are equally represented throughout the structure with voice, vote, and responsibility. [ J Nurs Educ . 2024;63(5):277–281.]
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Ved, Rajani, Kabir Sheikh, Asha S. George e Raman VR. "Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committees: reflections on strengthening community health governance at scale in India". BMJ Global Health 3, Suppl 3 (outubro de 2018): e000681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000681.
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India’s National Health Mission constituted Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committees (VHSNCs) as a key mechanism for community health governance. Health committees provide citizens with the opportunity to shape health systems and policies. Yet much remains to be learnt on how best to sustain health committees as vehicles for community health governance at scale. This paper reflects on the authors’ experiences of introducing revised guidelines and an institutional support package for VHSNCs in two pilot settings in India and outlines lessons we learnt for sustaining community health governance at geographic scale. We describe the importance of ensuring norms for equitable participation, aligning committee rules with existing forms of decentralised government and providing key supports in terms of engaging NGOs as key implementation facilitators. Integration with rigid and unresponsive government administrative structures however remains a persistent challenge for scaling up health committees. With sustained financial support and strategic deployment of key personnel, VHSNCs could pave the way for more equitable and effective community participation in health governance at scale.
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Matínez-González, Eduardo. "Governance in teaching: student participation to improve learning". Revista RedCA 5, n.º 14 (1 de outubro de 2022): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36677/redca.v5i14.18753.
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This article proposes to analyze governance in teaching as another form of organizational that promotes student participation in decision-making for the improvement of learning. The category of governance in teaching emerges from the research work "The systematization of a transforming experience of teaching practice", at a doctoral level, which is in process at the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the State of Mexico. This category arises from the critical interpretation derived from the systematization of experiences, Latin American´s theoretical and methodological proposal developed by popular education. A method that gives voice to experiential knowledge, the transformation of practices and local knowledge. It is supported by qualitative, comprehensive, interpretive and reflective research. Governance in teaching is the result of a teaching that finds support critical pedagogy.
This article critically dialogues with the neoliberal perspective that places governance from a market logic. This notion has been incorporated into educational policy and has been objectified in the regulations that govern the School Councils for Social Participation (Consejos Escolares de Participación Social) and in the 2017 Syllabus (Plan y Programa, 2017) particularly in the third component called curricular autonomy. The policy of social participation of educational actors proposed to improve the quality of the educational service; however, the voice of the students has been absent since its implementation. For this reason, an alternative practice of governance is introduced, derived from the experience´s critical interpretation of the research project, which is based on a teaching experience, with which findings of a new model of organization and social participation are exposed, where the students have a leading role.
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Lough, Benjamin J. "Engaging the poor to challenge corrupt governance". International Social Work 51, n.º 4 (julho de 2008): 532–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872808090246.
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English This article summarizes four popular anti-corruption approaches, including universal legal reform, public-sector reform, social action and democratic participation. It specifically addresses how social workers can engage the poor in challenging corrupt practices, and cites examples where practitioners have been successful at implementing these strategies. French Cet article récapitule quatre approches populaires anti-corruption incluant une réforme légale universelle, une réforme du secteur public, l'action sociale et la participation démocratique. Il s'intéresse spécifiquement à savoir comment les assistants sociaux peuvent encourager les pauvres à défier les pratiques corrompues et cite des exemples dans lesquels les praticiens ont été couronnés de succés pour mettre en oeuvre ces stratégies. Spanish Se resumen cuatro abordamientos populares contra la corrupción: reforma legal universal; reforma del sector público; acción social; participación democrática. Se expone cómo los trabajadores sociales pueden activar a los pobres para la lucha contra la corrupción, y da ejemplos en los que la implementación de tales prácticas se vio coronada por el éxito.
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Welch, Jeanie M., e Frada L. Mozenter. "Loosening the Ties that Bind: Academic Librarians and Tenure". College & Research Libraries 67, n.º 2 (1 de março de 2006): 164–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crl.67.2.164.
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This article discusses the impact of faculty status and tenure on the professional lives of academic librarians. Included are a literature review, a discussion of the decline of tenure at academic institutions, and experiences at three universities. This article also includes the results of a survey that focused on the impact of faculty status and tenure on librarians’ participation in institutional governance, opportunities for professional growth, and presence of a faculty library advisory committee. Based on the results of this survey, the authors conclude that only faculty status and tenure guarantee full integration in the university’s governance and academic spheres.
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Yingzi, Hu. "An Interview on Innovations in Social Governance: The Wuxi Experiment". China Nonprofit Review 4, n.º 2 (2012): 193–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765149-12341245.
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Editor’s Notes Professor Wang Ming, Director of the NGO Research Center of the School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University led a team to conduct field research in Wuxi County, Chongqing City, in early August, 2011. The team discovered several innovations implemented in the local social governance. First, there is the “Lehe Homeland”, a community building model that stimulates the initiative of grassroots citizens and enthusiasm for participation in local affairs by setting up the Lehe Mutual Support Group as a platform for mutual communication and support between urban and rural populations. Second, there is the “general mass work” mechanism. A Mass Work Department (群工部) was set up by the county party committee as a liaison between the party committee and government organizations with horizontal coordination and supervision functions to engage in social governance from the mass work. Third, a “grid-style management” scheme was implemented. This refers to a comprehensive, service-oriented grid-style administrative system that meets both rural and urban demands on public services, and serves the purpose of building a service-oriented government. Fourth, different participants including the village governing committee, village party committee, Lehe Mutual Support Group, departments included in the grid-style system, NGOs, the Mass Work Department, etc., were brought together under a “joint council” system to hold meetings on a regular basis for the purpose of communication and cooperation. These new features in Wuxi’s social governance experiment intrigued Professor Wang Ming so much that he invited Zheng Xiangdong (郑向东), Party Secretary of Wuxi County, and Liao Xiaoyi (廖晓义), founder of Global Village of Beijing to Tsinghua University in mid-November for a public dialogue on the practice of and experiences with Wuxi’s innovative social governance experiments, using the example of community building at Lehe Homeland. The following is the edited transcript of the dialogue.
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Del Gesso, Carla, e Luca Romagnoli. "Citizen-Centered Reporting: Assessing Popular Financial Reporting Practice in Italian Decentralized Governments". International Journal of Business and Management 15, n.º 2 (13 de janeiro de 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v15n2p1.
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Given their proximity to citizens, Decentralized Governments (DGs) need to perform and report their activities from a citizen-centered perspective to improve transparency and accountability. The literature addressing reporting for citizens is piecemeal, and there is a dearth of studies that systematically analyze country experiences of popular reporting. To contribute to bridging this gap, this article provides an assessment of popular financial reporting practices in 370 Italian DGs from different perspectives. The authors evaluated the accessibility and readability of popular reports using simple, yet insightful quantitative measures. The results highlighted that Italian popular financial reporting practices are at an early stage of implementation. Popular reporting appears to be more difficult to implement in smaller municipalities than other levels of government. This research emphasizes citizen-centered reporting to support citizen-centered governance and accountability, suggesting that popular reporting practices in DGs need to increase; an improvement of the accessibility and readability of documents is also advisable to foster their usage. Greater and better popular reporting practices in DGs are needed to encourage citizen participation in the democratic processes of public governance in order to allow for better government performance results.
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Cygan, Adam. "Regional Governance, Subsidiarity and Accountability within the EUs Multi-Level Polity". European Public Law 19, Issue 1 (1 de março de 2013): 161–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/euro2013008.
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The Treaty of Lisbon addressed the status of regional governance and includes several provisions designed to improve its constitutional relevance. Most importantly Protocol 2 TEU formally engages the Committee of the Regions in the task of subsidiarity monitoring within the Community method. In addition, Articles 5 and 6 TFEU seek to involve regional actors in the process of soft law, but this raises questions of competence creep, legitimacy and accountability. This article analyses participation by the Committee of the Regions in subsidiarity monitoring and the extent to which this may improve the accountability of both the Community method and soft law. The article also examines the accountability paradox that has accompanied the growth of regional autonomy in the EU. Though subsidiarity monitoring may improve legislative legitimacy, the expansion of regional autonomy has created a disjuncture between the exercise of political authority by regions and their accountability for the implementation of EU law.
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Pribadi, Ulung, e Muhammad Iqbal. "Pivotal Issues of Democratic Governance: A Literature Review". Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik 25, n.º 3 (7 de abril de 2022): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsp.63435.
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Democratic governance has become a popular term to influence public sector reform in many countries. As a new governance theory, democratic governance has also gained significant interest from scholarly circles. Scholars had different perspectives when discussing the topic of democratic governance. Political perspectives examined democratic governance, especially in terms of states, regime, election and democracy. Technological perspective saw the importance of ICTs, social media, artificial intelligence and big data. The public administration perspective studied the importance of public policy, public management and local government institutions. There were rarely scholars who mapped the ideas about democratic governance. The study tries to fill this gap in thinking about democratic governance by reviewing the journal articles on democratic governance published in Scopus data based. Via NVivo analysis tools, this study showed five pivotal issues, including “government,” “public,” “policy,” “political,’ and ‘institutional.’ Besides, this study revealed some important sub-issues of the pivotal issues, covered ‘responsible government,” “representative government,” “government policy,” “public participation,” “public affairs,” “public interest,” “public policy,” “policy formulation,” “policy implementation,” “political participation,” “political actors,” “political authority,” “institutional change,” “institutional capacity,” “state institutions.’ This study also developed propositions from the pivotal issues and sub-issues. Furthermore, this study proposed a new theoretical model based on the propositions. Finally, this study acknowledges the weaknesses and suggests future research.
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Lemkhalti, Ahmed, e Khalfallah Boudjemaa. "Evaluation of citizen participation in World Bank projects in Algeria - Sidi Slimane District/Town of Bou Saada". Technium Social Sciences Journal 37 (9 de novembro de 2022): 620–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v37i1.7574.
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Citizen participation has become one of the pillars of good governance in order to achieve sustainable local development. This is what the World Bank's contribution in Algeria has been aimed at, through the Precarious Habitat Resorption Program (P.H.R), by adopting the pattern of popular participation among its priorities to change the deteriorating situation experienced by the residents of these neighborhoods. This study is to assess the popular participation in these projects and to determine the extent to which they have affected public action and the improvement of the conditions of the population, and what obstacles have prevented the realization of the objectives of this; And as a research methodology, the descriptive method was used, as well as the method hqe2r, (h: high, q: quality, e: (environmental/ economic efficiency/social equity), r: (neighborhood renewal / building rehabilitation), through the L indi (indicateur's Impact) application. The results of the first phase of the preliminary situational evaluation were evaluated at between 0 and 1.4, where a total absence of popular participation was noted. In the second phase of the evaluation, after the exploitation of the project, the indicators jumped to 3 points. This explains the significant improvement in public action, but popular participation remains below the required level, due to the weakness of the legal system and the absence of a legal framework that controls public action and restrains the authority of the administration
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Aslam, Ejaz, Aziz Ur-Rehman e Anam Iqbal. "DOES CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MATTER FOR ASSET QUALITY OF ISLAMIC BANKS?" Buletin Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan 24, n.º 2 (30 de junho de 2021): 221–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v24i2.1344.
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This study investigates the impact of corporate governance on asset quality of Islamic banks by employing data on 129 Islamic banks from 29 countries spanning the period from 2008 to 2017. The study shows that asset quality of Islamic banks is positively and significantly sensitive to an increase in board independence, Shariah board, and audit committee effectiveness. The study finds that female participation in management as CEOs seems to detract from good performance and that more board meetings can be harnessed to improve banks’ asset quality. These empirical findings have practical policy implications regarding asset quality management and board construction within the Islamic banking sector.
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Neville, François, Kris Byron, Corinne Post e Andrew Ward. "Board Independence and Corporate Misconduct: A Cross-National Meta-Analysis". Journal of Management 45, n.º 6 (5 de outubro de 2018): 2538–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206318801999.
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Although increased board independence is a commonly offered solution to curbing corporate misconduct, scholars have expressed skepticism about its effectiveness, and empirical evidence is mixed. We argue that the relationship between board independence and corporate misconduct is likely nuanced—and may vary by the type of independence (e.g., independence on the whole board or on the audit committee) and by national context. We conducted a meta-analysis of 135 studies spanning more than 20 countries. We find that the board independence–corporate misconduct relationship (a) is generally negative, (b) varies based on the implementation form that independence takes on (i.e., independence of the whole board, on the audit committee, or between the roles of CEO and board chair), and (c) is more strongly negative in countries with less corruption. We advance corporate governance theory and research by demonstrating that the popular governance practice of increasing board independence must both account for the manner in which independence is implemented and consider the powerful influence of firms’ broader societal context to clearly understand its effect. Further, based on our review of the literature, we uncover opportunities for the advancement of corporate governance and corporate misconduct research.
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Meagher, Kate. "Informal Economies and Urban Governance in Nigeria: Popular Empowerment or Political Exclusion?" African Studies Review 54, n.º 2 (setembro de 2011): 47–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arw.2011.0026.
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Abstract:This article examines how popular organizational strategies and coping mechanisms affect broader trajectories of urban governance in contemporary Africa. Does the proliferation of informal livelihood networks and associations foster economic empowerment and popular political participation, or do these informal processes breed poverty and organizational chaos? This article explores the link between popular organizational strategies and structural outcomes, focusing on how institutional process and power relations shape the access of the poor to resources and decision-making structures in decentralizing urban environments. Case studies from Nigeria trace how liberalization has fragmented informal organizational strategies into networks of accumulation and survival that tend to marginalize the interests of the poor within informal enterprise associations. Distinctive political strategies of informal enterprise associations are analyzed to show why dynamic informal organization is unable to break through the barriers of social and legal marginalization that trap the urban poor in cliental forms of political incorporation. This suggests that “social capital” within the informal economy may fail to improve popular political representation and governance outcomes even in contexts of decentralization.
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Bandeira, Pablo, e Agustín Ferraro. "Integrating participatory institutions into the traditional representative and bureaucratic model of public governance". International Political Science Review 38, n.º 5 (23 de junho de 2016): 642–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512116641815.
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Does more citizen participation necessarily improve the democratic quality and/or the effectiveness of government? What forms of participation have the potential to accomplish these goals? And, more important, how can these participatory mechanisms be integrated into traditional representative and bureaucratic governance practices, in order to grasp this potential? We discuss these questions in the article, building on theories and empirical evidence provided by both political science and public administration studies. The conclusion we reach is that participatory empowered mechanisms, such as popular initiatives and referendums, and public–private co-governance councils, have a clear potential to enhance the effectiveness and responsiveness of public governance. However, we also find that in order to secure these benefits and not compromise equality and accountability, the introduction of these mechanisms needs to come together with strong and highly representative legislatures, and with reforms that align the powers and increase the representativeness of interest groups.
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Теличкан, Юрій. "Introducing good governance to local standards and regional democracy of the EU". Public administration aspects 8, n.º 1 (29 de fevereiro de 2020): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/152009.
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It has been established that the implementation of good governance according to the standards of local and regional democracy of the EU is carried out in accordance with the Strategy for Innovation and Good Governance at Local Level, which provides for the implementation of such documents of the European Union as, in particular: European Outline Convention on Transfrontier Co-operation between Territorial Communities or Authorities; European Charter of Local Self Government; Convention on the Participation of Foreigners in Public Life at Local Level; Additional Protocol to the European Outline Convention on Transfrontier Co-operation between Territorial Communities or Authorities; Protocol No. 2 to the European Outline Convention on Transfrontier Co-operation between Territorial Communities or Authorities concerning interterritorial co-operation; Protocol No. 3 to the European Outline Convention on Transfrontier Co-operation between Territorial Communities or Authorities concerning Euroregional Co-operation Groupings (ECGs); Additional Protocol to the European Charter of Local Self-Government on the right to participate in the affairs of a local authority.Also, the Standards for Local and Regional Democracy provided for in the Innovation and Good Governance Strategy for the implementation of good governance in the EU national, regional and local governance system include the Guidelines for Democracy of Participation, in particular the Guidelines for Citizens Participation in Political Decision Making and Recommendations of the Committee of Ministers to member states.According to the results of the analysis, it was found that in Ukraine almost all Council of Europe documents on the implementation of good governance according to the standards of local and regional democracy of the EU were ratified and entered into force. Which, in turn, is an organizational and legal mechanism for introducing good governance according to the standards of local and regional democracy of the EU in Ukraine.
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Wang, Wanjuan, e Hongbo Gong. "Formation Mechanism of a Coastal Zone Environment Collaborative Governance Relationship: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on fsQCA". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 17 (4 de setembro de 2022): 11081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191711081.
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The coastal zone is an area where terrestrial and marine ecosystems intersect. This region may be subject to outstanding environmental issues, as influenced by many stakeholders. Based on the framework of collaborative governance, the starting conditions for forming a coastal zone environment collaborative governance relationship are proposed as follows: coastal zone environment, balanced level of power and resources, superior-level government participation, and previous cooperation experience. The coastal environmental governance practices of 14 cities along the continental coastal zone of the East China Sea are selected as cases, in order to test the interactions between and influence mechanisms of the starting conditions. As qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), based on set theory and Boolean algebra, is a popular tool to explain complex collaboration situations in small-N cases; and as fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) allows for fine classification of the membership degree (where the condition can be allocated any number between 0 and 1), we use fsQCA to analyze the collaborative governance relationships. The results of the analysis demonstrate that three combination configurations promote the formation of medium–high intensity collaborative governance relationships: high balance level of power and resources × high previous cooperation experience, high pollution of coastal zone environment × high balance level of power and resources × low superior-level government participation, and high pollution of coastal zone environment × high superior-level government participation × high previous cooperation experience. Based on this conclusion, we determine three types of relationship formation modes: wheel-, echo state network-, and umbrella-shaped modes. Notably, under certain conditions, superior-level government participation is not necessary for the formation of a medium–high intensity collaborative governance relationship.
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Momah N. S, Egwakhe A. J e Akande F. I. "Corporate Governance Mechanisms and Shareholders’ Earnings: The Nigerian Experience". International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research 07, n.º 06 (2023): 82–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.51505/ijebmr.2023.7607.
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In Nigeria, the shareholders' earnings within deposit money banks, when compared to those in developed and emerging economies, can be considered low and could be attributed to the high records of corporate governance scandals among the banks. The paper examined corporate governance mechanisms on shareholders’ earnings (economic value added and earnings per share) from 2006-2021. The sample comprised thirteen deposit money banks selected along their market capitalization in December 2021. Panel regression analysis revealed that corporate governance mechanisms had individual positive but insignificant effect on economic value added of the deposit money banks in Nigeria (Adj. R2 = 0.0120, (F (4, 162) = 1.50, p > 0.05). Also that the proxies of corporate governance mechanisms showed significant effect on earnings per share. Thus, deposit money banks should strengthen their board of directors by along risk committee, independent non-executive directors and diversity to ensure effective participation with inclusive decision-making.
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Berry, Daphne, e David Fitz-Gerald. "Governance and decision making at Carris Reels". CASE Journal 13, n.º 1 (3 de janeiro de 2017): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-09-2015-0047.
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Synopsis Carris Reels, a reel-manufacturing company headquartered in Vermont, had long-standing goals of being employee owned and governed. They also had a strong organizational (ownership) culture. The Corporate Steering Committee (CSC), a committee composed of representatives from management and non-management employees, and the board of directors had a decision to make about adding two new members to the board. With these new members, the board of directors would be made up of both members of management and non-management employees. Was Carris forfeiting wiser outside counsel in favor of company insiders? What about for the future of the company? Research methodology The data for this case were collected from discussions and informal interviews with Carris Reels employees, and archival data from the company intranet which includes an archival of company newsletters, meeting minutes and announcements. Information on the Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP), board of directors, the CSC, and ESOP trustees from these sources were also used. Relevant courses and levels This case is suitable for strategic management, and social responsibility and social enterprise-focused courses for upper-level undergraduates and MBA students. Theoretical bases The sources, development, and outcomes of a strong organizational culture are important to this case. Schein (1989) and others (Harris and Ogbanna, 1999) address the role of a company’s founder in development of the company’s culture. Research addressing ownership and participation in the context of an ownership culture indicates positive outcomes to employees and to their companies (Logue and Yates, 2005; Ownership Associates, 1998).
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O'Neil, Audrey, Derek Murray e Renee Warthman. "751 Burn Therapy Certified Therapists Representation within Burn Society Leadership". Journal of Burn Care & Research 44, Supplement_2 (1 de maio de 2023): S158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irad045.225.
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Abstract Introduction The American Burn Association (ABA) Burn Therapist Certification (BT-C) program, developed in 2018, derived from an organizational desire to promote vetted quality burn care across the interprofessional team. Leadership positions within organizations, are responsible for formulating policy, developing education, and providing oversite to ensure the success of the association. A previous study examining interdisciplinary representation within burn society leadership for the ABA and International Society of Burn Injuries, found that rehabilitation representation within governance positions was 7% and 9% within committee memberships. In a 2022 Letter to the Editor, therapists described limited center support as a barrier for obtaining BT-C. This study aims to examine BT-C member involvement within ABA society leadership. Methods Official ABA society and membership websites were accessed to identify BT-C recipients who currently hold positions within society governance and committee memberships. ABA Special Interest Group (SIG) membership was also examined. The Journal of Burn Care and Research (JBCR) website was accessed to identify BT-C recipients on the editorial board. BT-C members were compared to other therapist involvement. Results Of 32 qualified BT-C therapists, 26 continue their ABA memberships. BT-C therapists hold 3 Governance positions (Board membership and current ABA President) and maintain 36 of the available 77 committee positions (47%). Excluding the BT-C Committee from data collection, BT-C therapists make up 44% (n=23) of therapist committee positions within the ABA. BT-C therapists hold a combined 46 SIG memberships. The JBCR currently lists 2 therapists on the editorial board, both of whom are BT-C. Conclusions Despite representing a fraction of the burn therapy community, BT-C therapists continue to be leaders within the burn field by participation in ABA membership, governance, and committee memberships. Current BT-C therapists serve to establish standards in research published within the JBCR. Professional and academic societies depend on qualified leaders to set standards of burn care. Promoting BT-C within individual burn centers may stimulate leadership within the center and burn professional organizations. Applicability of Research to Practice Definitive evidence supporting the benefits of BT-C to individuals and organizations is needed to overcome current barriers to certification.
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Madej, Małgorzata. "Participative Governance Tools in the Polish Local Government". Halduskultuur 22, n.º 2 (15 de abril de 2024): 50–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32994/hk.v22i2.283.
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Participation is an important element of good governance, and has impact on both its efficiency and democratic character. This is why the local governments in Poland apply a growing number of diverse participatory tools in strategic planning, as well as problem solving. The article aims to review the most common among those tools to provide an overview of how communes encourage citizen involvement in decision-making process. Among others, the article discusses such popular tools as consultations and participatory budgeting, as well as the more innovative ones, including civic panels and city labs. It also reflects on how participatory governance tools should be assessed and which of their features are key.
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Neves, Rafael Augusto Sasaki, Roberto Eduardo Lamari, Edson Aparecida de Araujo Querido Oliveira, Quesia Postigo Kamimura e Cristiano Capellani Quaresma. "Importance of popular participation in the legislative process according to constitutional principles". CONTRIBUCIONES A LAS CIENCIAS SOCIALES 17, n.º 2 (9 de fevereiro de 2024): e4300. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/revconv.17n.2-044.
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Social participation plays a fundamental role in consolidating democratic principles and guaranteeing citizens' rights in the Brazilian context. In addition to periodic suffrage, the Federal Constitution recognizes the relevance of the contribution of individuals in the process of formulating and implementing public policies. Sectoral councils, for example, are established as mechanisms for dialogue and cooperation between the government and civil society. Social participation has a positive impact by expanding representativeness, strengthening transparency and fostering social control over government actions. In this sense, it is imperative to create appropriate spaces and promote strategies that value and strengthen social participation, with the aim of building a more just and democratic society. Within the scope of the legislative process, mechanisms such as public hearings and popular initiative bills play an important role in providing citizens with the opportunity to express their opinions and influence decisions. Furthermore, social participation is not restricted to the stage of drafting laws, but also encompasses their implementation and monitoring. The active engagement of citizens, through monitoring the activities of parliamentarians, contributes to the promotion of transparency and accountability and strengthens democratic principles. Active participation in the legislative process is a determining factor for more inclusive and responsive governance, thus seeking to build a just and egalitarian society.
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Bhandari, P. K. C., P. Bhusal, B. B. Khanal Chhetri e C. P. Upadhyaya. "Looking women seriously: what makes differences for women participation in community forestry ?" Banko Janakari 28, n.º 2 (31 de dezembro de 2018): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v28i2.24184.
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Women participation has been in discussion for long in community forestry in Nepal - a successful programme in participatory forest governance. Despite having ample of policy instruments to address the women concern in community forestry decision making activities several pragmatic issues have been encountered. This paper examines on the women participation in different community forestry decision making activities and identifies the factors influencing participation in such activities. The evidences were generated from five community forest user groups in Kaski district. The analysis was based on the household surveys that included the random sample of 213 respondents (107 females and 106 males). Similarly, regular triangulation and verification of the data were made through series of interviews, discussions and observations followed by the analysis of CF documents. Three ordered logit regression models were deployed to examine the determinants of women participation in decision making in forest management, resource utilization and participatory activities. The analysis showed lower participation of women in community forest decision making activities. Gender had the significant association with the participation in all decision making activities. The men with higher education, who are the member of executive committee and have access to community forestry fund, had participated significantly more than women in community forestry decision making activities. Low participation of women was associated with lower representation in user group committee, social and traditional beliefs and preoccupied assumption that women cannot lead which may result in unfair implication of community forestry.
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Joseph, Kimathi, e Judy Mwangi. "Influence of Gender Equality in the Management Committee on Community-Led Monitoring of Borehole Water Projects". African Journal of Empirical Research 3, n.º 1 (17 de agosto de 2022): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51867/ajernet3.1.9.
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In recent years, governments and development practitioners have emphasized the involvement of all stakeholders, especially the intended beneficiaries in the project cycle to accelerate the achievement of development objectives and sustain the realized gains. Various approaches are being used to intensify the involvement of people in the planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of community-driven development interventions. In Kenya, County governments are constitutionally mandated to promote the participation of the people in development and governance at the local level. Since their inception, the County governments have been putting in place local governance structures and avenues for members of the community to participate in development projects and programs. In Kenya, these participatory local governance structures and avenues have not been widely studied. The study assessed the influence of gender equality in the management committee on community-led monitoring of borehole water projects. The study was based on the theory of participation which attributes the success of engagement between project stakeholders to four favorable factors: context, design, power, and scale of the engagement. A case study research design was used. The study population comprised the household heads, borehole water project management committee members, and officials of the County government of Meru County, as key informants. Interview schedules and a questionnaire were used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data. Systematic random sampling was used to select 38 household heads. All the 12 members of the Mbeu cattle dip community borehole management committee, one Mbeu Ward administration official, and 10 officials of the Directorate of Monitoring and Evaluation in Meru County formed part of the study sample. The study showed that superficially, there is no gender-based discrimination in community-led monitoring of borehole water projects. The study showed that County Government of Meru policies meant to promote gender equality are not well cascaded or implemented at the local level. The study concluded that the management committee is pivotal in community-led monitoring of borehole water projects and broadly, implementation of community-led development initiatives. The study recommends that authorities ought to educate members of the community about patterns of gender-based discrimination.
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Chu, Pin-Yu, Hsien-Lee Tseng e Yu-Jui Chen. "Will Facebook Encourage Citizen Participation?" International Journal of Public Administration in the Digital Age 6, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijpada.2019010101.
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Facebook, the most popular social media in the world, has changed the ways of citizen involvement in governance. Politicians and (elected) public administrators worldwide have adopted Facebook as an important approach to connect with citizens. This study explores whether the Facebook phenomenon can improve the process of online political communication and citizen participation. The study adapts a content analysis method and proposes six strategies for analyzing Facebook page posts of Taiwanese legislators. The authors compare Facebook posts during both election and regular sessions to see the difference in patterns of these posts and communication strategies adopted by the legislators. The findings reveal that a percentage of e-participation achieves an acceptable rate, but most communication of legislator Facebook is one way. The results indicate that legislators' Facebook is another platform to distribute public information to citizens, and many have potential to create more public values.