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Kanso, Soha. "Contributions to Safe Reinforcement Learning and Degradation Tolerant Control Design". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2024_0261_KANSO.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteSafety-critical dynamical systems are essential in various industries, such as aerospace domain, autonomous systems, robots in healthcare area etc. where safety issues and structural or functional failure may lead to catastrophic consequences. A significant challenge in these systems is the degradation of components and actuators, which can compromise safety and stability of systems. As such, incorporating state of system's health within the control design framework is essential to ensure tolerance to functional degradation. Moreover, such system models often involve uncertainties and incomplete knowledge, especially as components degrade, altering system dynamics in a nonlinear manner, calling for development of learning approaches that envisage assimilation of available data within the control learning paradigm. However, assuring safety during the learning phase (exploration) as well as operational phase (exploitation) is of paramount importance when it comes to such dynamical systems. Traditional model-based control approaches, require precise system models, making them less effective under these conditions. In this context, Reinforcement Learning (RL) emerges as a powerful approach, capable of learning optimal control laws for partially or fully unknown dynamic systems, in the presence of input-output data (without the exact knowledge of system models). However, development and implementation of RL based approaches present their own challenges: the exploration phase, necessary for learning, can lead the system into unsafe regions and accelerate the speed of degradation; further, provable safety guarantees during the operational (exploitation) phase are equally important to ensure safety throughout the system operation. In this context, Safe Reinforcement Learning (Safe RL) paradigm targets development of RL based approaches that prioritize the safety guarantees, along with traditional stability, and optimality of systems. This thesis addresses these challenges by developing novel control learning strategies that adapt to system uncertainties and functional degradation. The main contributions of this thesis lie in proposition of novel approaches to addressing the challenges of system safety and stability, as well as decelerating the speed of degradation, thereby advancing the fields of safe RL and leading to proposition of Degradation-Tolerant Control (DTC). These contributions include:• ensuring the optimality, safety, and stability of control policy during both exploration and exploitation phases of RL. By integrating Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) and Control Lyapunov Functions (CLFs) within the RL framework, safe exploration and stable operation are ensured for both regulation and tracking problems. CBFs are used to define safe operating regions, while CLFs ensure that the system remains stable. These functions are incorporated into the RL algorithms to guide the learning process, ensuring that safety and stability constraints are respected;• decelerating the speed of degradation by incorporating degradation rates into control design, initially employing an optimal control approach in discrete time for linear systems. This ensures that control actions minimize the speed of degradation on system components, thereby extending their lifespan. For nonlinear systems, RL methods are employed to address the problem in both discrete and continuous time, providing adaptable solutions to complex dynamics;• proposal of a novel cyclic RL algorithm to ensure system stability under actuator degradation. This algorithm cyclically updates the learned control law, ensuring proper adaptation as system components degrade. The cyclic nature of the algorithm allows for reassessment and adjustment of control policies, ensuring continuous optimal performance despite ongoing degradation. These developed approaches were implemented through simulations, demonstrating their effectiveness in academic applications
Boussaid, Boumedyen. "Contribution à la tolérance active aux défauts des systèmes dynamiques par gestion des références". Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624964.
Texto completo da fonteBenlahrache, Mohamed Abdelmoula. "Commande prédictive, et commande tolérante aux défauts appliquées au système éolien". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1125/document.
Texto completo da fonteNowadays, wind turbines contribute to a large part of energy production in the world. In 2013, 2.7% of global electricity production was based on wind power, with a goal of reaching 14% of total electricity demand in 2020. The progression was remarkable in the last years, namely in France where the wind power generation increased from 2.5 TWh (terawatt-hour) in 2013 to 21.1 TWh in 2015.In order to satisfy these objectives, the standard size of the wind turbine tends to grow. However, the megawatt size wind turbines are very expensive and thus their efficiency has to be optimized in order to maximize the produced energy. Furthermore, it is aimed to protect the equipment from damage and maximize the service life of wind turbines, which is usually 20 years.In this thesis, model predictive control (MPC) is used to control the wind turbine and to identify the faults that could occur. Since the computation time in the MPC strategy is high, its use in real time fast systems may become unfeasable. To overcome this difficulty, the MPC control inputs are parametrized by Laguerre functions (LMPC) or Kautz functions (KMPC). This allowed decreasing the computation time by 33% compared to non-parametrized MPC. The min-max MPC approach is also considered in order to render the control strategy robust to parametric uncertainties and faults scenarios.These control strategies are evaluated on a wind turbine model with a multi-input (pitch angle and generator torque) / multi- output (generator power and generator speed) control, with constraints on inputs and outputs. These results are discussed in Chapter IV.In Chapter V, the Laguerre or Kautz parameterized MPC is reformulated with the objective of faults compensations. Indeed, if the faults are detected and estimated then it is possible to calculate the correction required to compensate these faults. This strategy becomes interesting from a wind turbine is operated with a controller that is not aimed to be changed for security or cost reasons, and the objective of the operator is only to compensate actuator or sensor faults. In these simulations, an available benchmark was used with the controller implemented in it.The thesis also contains a bibliographic and three introductory chapters discussing the state of the art of the turbine model, its control, fault detection and the MPC strategies used in this work
Boussaïd, Boumedyen. "Contribution à la tolérance active aux défauts des systèmes dynamiques par gestion des références". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10052/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe subject of this thesis is part of fault tolerant control systems under constraints with consideration of performance degradation. The main objective of this work is to consider the reference management as an integral part of the fault tolerant control system. In the literature, the most active methods of fault tolerance imply that recovery of the nominal system is always possible and that performance ratings are still achievable. This requirement is unrealistic in practice because several factors prevent the system reconfigured back to its nominal operating mode. In industry, the set of system constraints is a major problem which limits the nominal operating of the system to defined functional ranges. These functional ranges are reduced dramatically after the occurrence of some faults known as severe faults that generally affect the capacity of actuators. Therefore, this assumption of nominal performance recovery in the case of systems under constraints limits the set of faults treated with these conventional methods to a few minor faults. To remedy this problem, architecture of reconfiguration structured in two levels is proposed. The first level concerns the conventional reconfiguration algorithms acting on a reconfigurable controller, and the second acts on the module of reference management based on a reference-offset governor. The exact knowledge of the post-fault model requires a fault detection and diagnosis system to estimate the magnitude of fault, which led to the synthesis of an adaptive observer based LMI for estimating fault. To synchronize the FTC process flow, two indices have been designed. The first index refers to the decision mechanism for selecting the reconfiguration level required for the accommodation of the fault. The second index used to evaluate the level of the degradation of the system "post-fault". The performance degradation is still allowed as long as safety instructions are respected
Boussaïd, Boumedyen. "Contribution à la tolérance active aux défauts des systèmes dynamiques par gestion des références". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10052.
Texto completo da fonteThe subject of this thesis is part of fault tolerant control systems under constraints with consideration of performance degradation. The main objective of this work is to consider the reference management as an integral part of the fault tolerant control system. In the literature, the most active methods of fault tolerance imply that recovery of the nominal system is always possible and that performance ratings are still achievable. This requirement is unrealistic in practice because several factors prevent the system reconfigured back to its nominal operating mode. In industry, the set of system constraints is a major problem which limits the nominal operating of the system to defined functional ranges. These functional ranges are reduced dramatically after the occurrence of some faults known as severe faults that generally affect the capacity of actuators. Therefore, this assumption of nominal performance recovery in the case of systems under constraints limits the set of faults treated with these conventional methods to a few minor faults. To remedy this problem, architecture of reconfiguration structured in two levels is proposed. The first level concerns the conventional reconfiguration algorithms acting on a reconfigurable controller, and the second acts on the module of reference management based on a reference-offset governor. The exact knowledge of the post-fault model requires a fault detection and diagnosis system to estimate the magnitude of fault, which led to the synthesis of an adaptive observer based LMI for estimating fault. To synchronize the FTC process flow, two indices have been designed. The first index refers to the decision mechanism for selecting the reconfiguration level required for the accommodation of the fault. The second index used to evaluate the level of the degradation of the system "post-fault". The performance degradation is still allowed as long as safety instructions are respected
Ibrahim, Elkhatib. "Commande intelligente tolérante aux fautes des systèmes multi-sources d'énergie". Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10086/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis presents stability analysis for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems and a method for designing robust fuzzy controllers to stabilize the multivariable multi-sources of energy systems subject to parameter uncertainties, sensor faults, actuator faults/unknown inputs and wind disturbance. First, the Takagi–Segno (TS) fuzzy model is adopted for fuzzy modeling of the uncertain nonlinear system. Next, we propose a Fuzzy Dedicated Observers (FDOS) method and a Fuzzy Proportional-Integral Estimation Observer (FPIEO) with a Fuzzy Fault Tolerant Control (FFTC) algorithm for TS systems. FDOS provide residuals for detection and isolation of sensor faults which can affect a TS model and FPIEO estimate the actuator faults which fed to the FDOS to reconfigure the controller. The concept of the Parallel Distributed Compensation (PDC) is employed to design FFTC and observers from the TS fuzzy models. Sufficient conditions are derived for robust stabilization, in the sense of Taylor series stability and Lyapunov method, for the TS fuzzy system with parametric uncertainties, sensor faults, actuator faults/unknown inputs and wind disturbance. The sufficient conditions are formulated in the format of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) and Linear Matrix Equalities (LMEs). Important issues for the stability analysis and design are remarked. The effectiveness of the proposed controller design methodology is finally demonstrated through a Hybrid Wind-Diesel System (HWDS), Wind Energy System (WES) with Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) and Photovoltaic (PV) generation system to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method
Haddad, Alain. "Stratégie de commande tolérante aux fautes active pour des systèmes suractionnés". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10207/document.
Texto completo da fonteAn active fault tolerant control (AFTC) strategy for overactuated systems is presented in this thesis. It consists of four steps: detecting very quickly the fault, activating a fault tolerant control law for preserving the stability of the overactuated system in presence of the fault, localizing precisely the faulty component, and finally reconfiguring the system by maintaining only the healthy components. This strategy is applied to an autonomous 2WS4WD vehicle : when the vehicle’s lateral deviation exceeds a dynamic security threshold, the fault tolerant control algorithm is activated. It is based on a dynamic reference generation and consists in controlling the redundant actuators which are not used in normal behavior. The control law used for this task is designed using Lyapunov theory and backstepping technique. It consists of two interconnected control loops: an outer loop and an inner loop. The outer loop ensures the computation of dynamic references necessary for preserving the trajectory tracking of the vehicle. The inner loop ensures the tracking of the dynamic references generated in the outer loop. A fault isolation module is then applied to determine precisely the faulty component. Once it is isolated, the system is controlled by using only healthy components. The diagnosis and fault tolerant control schemes are validated on a realistic vehicle model using a co-simulation between CarSim and Matlab/Simulink softwares
Raisemche, Aziz. "Commande tolérante aux défauts d’une chaine de traction d’un véhicule électrique". Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112342/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe various international standards require automakers to optimize conventional power train but mainly to develop other alternatives to drive, one of the most promising is the electric vehicle. However, these new drives should guarantee the same performance and the same level of dependability (reliability and security in this case).Electric power train is built around a large number of components (electrical machine, the sensor, the converter, power electronics, etc.) which may be affected by defects. The detection and localization of these defects are essential but not sufficient to ensure the dependability of the system. Indeed, to ensure operation in degraded mode, you must implement architecture of fault tolerant control (FTC). The main objective of this thesis is to propose new fault tolerant control architectures of an electric vehicle induction machine power train in the presence of several types of mechanical sensor failure. This thesis is organized into four chapters.Chapter 1 is a comprehensive state of the art with a critical analysis of architectures and control systems tolerant to faults of electric powertrains and a state of the art of the various defects that may occur in the chain of electric traction.Chapter 2 proposes two architectures of fault tolerant control: Hybrid FTC and GIMC (Generalised Internal Model Control); Hybrid FTC approach is a combination of two controllers, the first is a PI controller for the sound mode and the second a robust controller for the failed H infinity mode. The architecture allows GIMC restructuring the control law in an adaptive manner. It is designed to ensure robustness of the system in the presence of a fault with an inner loop acting loop correction and diagnosis.Chapter 3 is devoted exclusively to the algorithm voting fault tolerant control based on comparative study of four algorithms with three different topologies: a first structure is proposed on the system output, a second structure is applied system control, and the third structure is a two preceding hybridization.Chapter 4 is devoted to the experimental validation of the architecture described above. The results show the effectiveness of the approaches proposed FTC
Varrier, Sébastien. "Détection de situations critiques et commande robuste tolérante aux défauts pour l'automobile". Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00907345.
Texto completo da fonteNguyen, Thi Thanh Quynh. "Diagnostic distribué et commande tolérante aux défauts pour les systèmes multi-agents". Thesis, Reims, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REIMS006.
Texto completo da fonteA multi-agent system (MAS) can be defined by a group of agents that communicate with each other. Over the past decade, MAS have proven to be an effective and economical solution to many complex engineering problems that are difficult or even impossible to solve by a single agent.Despite the abundance of results in the literature on cooperative control of SAM, there are still areas for improvement, in particular in terms of reliability and operational performance of cooperative control in the event of a failure. This thesis aims to contribute to the resolution of the problems of distributed fault diagnosis and FTC for non-homogeneous / heterogeneous MAS with switched topologies. First, an approach based on a distributed fault detection (FD) observer for a network of non-homogeneous agents with switching topologies is proposed. We started with the formalization of a virtual model corresponding to each agent. This model takes into account all the local information available to the agent, namely the virtual model, as well as the topology switching function. This representation is presented in the form of a switched continuous impulsive system. Next, we present an IMT-based approach to design a distributed FD filter. In this proposed approach, we use H_ / Hinf indices to guarantee the sensitivity of the residue to defects as well as its robustness to disturbance. We also use several Lyapunov functions which satisfy the slow switching constraint to ensure the convergence of the synthesized observers.Subsequently, our study focuses on distributed fault estimation (FE) for a network of non-homogeneous agents with actuator faults and switching topologies. In this work, we continue to use the switched virtual model resulting from our work on FD to represent the model of each agent. We propose a new method of decomposition which makes it possible to decompose the state of the agent and its neighbors in two sub-states, one is affected by the actuator faults and the other is not affected by the faults. A distributed observer for each agent is also proposed to estimate the state subsets. Finally, default estimates are obtained by simultaneously using state estimation and a robust exact differentiator. It should be noted that this proposed approach is distributed both in design and implementation. Indeed, it does not need information from all the systems and it also allows each agent to estimate its faults and those of its neighbors. As a result, we can reduce computation and communication times when implemented in practical applications.Finally, the development of FE and FTC for a network of heterogeneous agents subject to actuator faults and an exit consensus is discussed. The objective is to improve reliability and performance by FTC during cooperative operation of heterogeneous MAS with the presence of faults. This approach is based on internal reference models and an observer for estimating faults. The agents rely on the information provided by the FE modules and do not require any prior knowledge of the fault. A decentralized FE based on the observer is synthesized to estimate the states and faults of the actuator. The design of the observers is given after state decompositions using transformation matrices. Next, a fault-tolerant consensus controller is proposed. It uses the estimated state and the estimated faults resulting from the defect estimation observer. The agreement between the agents is obtained by solving the problem of consensus of internal references
Djemili, Issam. "Contribution au diagnostic et à la commande tolérante aux fautes des moteurs Diesel". Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10177.
Texto completo da fonteModern Diesel engines are equipped with sensors and actuators such as the controllable valve of the exhaust gas recirculation, variable geometry turbocharger. This requires sophisticated instrumentation to need on board diagnostic systems to detect and isolate faults. Techniques currently used in industry based on signal processing are limited. Our motivation is to develop a model based diagnostic system allowing the engine to have a safe and optimized functioning. The work is to monitor the diesel engine including the air loop. At first, a diagnostic system based on a robust nonlinear unknown input observer is developed to detect and to isolate actuators faults. In a second step, the air path subject to intake manifold leakages is modeled. Three approaches based on observers are developed to detect and estimate such leakages. Once the leakages detected and estimate, a fault tolerant control strategy for diesel engine subject to leakages is proposed. The proposed FTC design scheme integrates the state estimation, the leakage identification and the state feedback control law, to guaranty the stabilization of the faulty plant. The performances of the proposed approaches are illustrated by a professional simulator AMESim in co-simulation with MATLAB. In order to test these approaches in real time, experimental facility is implemented using a dSPACE MicroAutoBox
Jarrou, Abderrahmane. "Diagnostic de défauts et commande tolérante aux défauts des systèmes à énergie renouvelable". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0052.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this thesis work is to develop methodological tools for fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control for a multi-source renewable energy production system. In this context we consider an intelligent energy production-storage and consumption system, capable of reacting dynamically to its context of use and whose energy consumption is measured and controlled by monitoring systems. Based on these information flows, the energy performance of existing buildings (new and old) can be monitored, evaluated and controlled by developing methodologies and tools based on relevant factors such as user behaviour, weather forecasts, occurrence of faults, ... This thesis proposes the development of an optimal control scheme to control the climatic conditions of the building. The objective is to ensure the comfort of the occupants with the minimum energy consumption. A MPC (model predictive control) approach is first proposed in a centralized context, then declined in a distributed version for large buildings. In the presence of faults, the energy performance of buildings is degraded and a fault-tolerant control (FTC) should be implemented. The proposed FTC scheme is based on a diagnosis of the building instruments (sensor and actuator) that adapts the control laws so that the current performance remains close to the desired performance. In the thesis these approaches are developed in a linear and then bi-linear modeling framework. Simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed methods
Lamouchi, Rihab. "Contributions à l'observation et à la commande tolérante aux fautes des systèmes incertains". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1134/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe research work presented in this thesis focuses on the design of interval observers for fault-tolerant control of uncertain systems. The presence of faults, uncertainties and disturbances in automated systems often causes undesirable reactions. In this context, two approaches of fault tolerant control have been developed based on interval observers in the case where the faults and the uncertainties are unknown but bounded. The first approach is passive and consists in ensuring the closed loop system stability even in the presence of actuator and/or component faults. The second approach, an active one, compensates the fault effect and ensures the system stability and desired performances. These contributions are validated through numerical simulations
Lamouchi, Rihab. "Contributions à l'observation et à la commande tolérante aux fautes des systèmes incertains". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1134.
Texto completo da fonteThe research work presented in this thesis focuses on the design of interval observers for fault-tolerant control of uncertain systems. The presence of faults, uncertainties and disturbances in automated systems often causes undesirable reactions. In this context, two approaches of fault tolerant control have been developed based on interval observers in the case where the faults and the uncertainties are unknown but bounded. The first approach is passive and consists in ensuring the closed loop system stability even in the presence of actuator and/or component faults. The second approach, an active one, compensates the fault effect and ensures the system stability and desired performances. These contributions are validated through numerical simulations
Oudin, Simon. "Commande adaptative pour avion de transport tolérante aux erreurs de modèle et aux pannes". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ESAE0033.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis deals with adapting flight control laws of a civil transport aircraft to various incertainties which can affect its behaviour. The adaptive flight control system is supposed to run in real time onboard the airplane so that its closed-loop performance is optimized with respect to the current conditions. These incertainties may be linked to unknown flight conditions (e.g. unknown airspeed and altitude), or unknown aerodynamics non-linearities or even unknown behaviour of the pilot in command. The adaptive schemes that are derived to answer these problems must be valid on the whole flight envelope with realistic disturbances but other additional contraints may exist depending on the context (e.g. loads limits, aeroelastic stability, etc.). To accommodate for large uncertainties on the system, adaptive methods are investigated. They usually combine an online estimator (also called an update law) with a structured flight control law. The synthesis of both elements may be simultaneous on 'direct' adaptive methods, e.g. on Model Reference Adaptive Control, using Lyapunov's stability theory. But it can also be decoupled on 'indirect' adaptive methods, giving a full spectrum of techniques for both elements (such as Least-Squares for estimating unknown physical parameters and the LFR framework for designing controllers). The choice of a specific method really depends on the application context and the related constraints.Three applications are the core of this report. They deal with adjusting guidance law to the pilot's unknown behaviour, controlling a longitudinal non-linearity, and providing manual longitudinal and lateral flight control laws which adapt to unknown flight conditions. Advanced linear and non-linear analysis techniques (based on µ-analysis or on optimization algorithms) are also applied to validated these sophisticated real-time adaptive systems. Results showed that indirect adaptive schemes were generally the most satisfactory. Their performance is similar to the one of direct schemes but as indirect methods provide physical parameter estimates, real-time monitoring and offline validation seem quite easier
Boukhari, Mohamed Riad. "Architecture de commande tolérante aux défauts capteurs proprioceptifs et extéroceptifs pour un véhicule autonome". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS029.
Texto completo da fonteDriverless vehicle offers several advantages: comfort, reduced stress, and reduced road mortality. Nevertheless, fatal accidents involving its responsibility, have highlighted its limitations and imperfections. These accidents raise questions about autonomous vehicle reliability, and voices expressed a strong concern for the safety of users of the autonomous vehicle. Furthermore, the tasks of perception and localization of autonomous vehicles may have inconsistencies leading to errors that would affect the stability of the vehicle. The sources of these inconsistencies can be of different natures and act both on the sensor itself (Hardware), or on the post-processing of information (Software). In this context, several difficulties must be overcome to secure the interaction of automated driving systems with human drivers facing these problems, the adoption of a fault-tolerant control strategy is paramount. In this thesis, a fault detection and fault tolerant control strategies for perception and localization are implemented. In addition, fault estimation strategies for proprioceptive sensors are also proposed. The purpose is to have a reliable fault localization and ensure acceptable performance. Moreover, given the unpredictability and variety of road scenes, a fault-tolerant fusion based on voting algorithms is developed for a better perception. The fusion takes advantage of current obstacle detection technologies (radio, light beam or camera detection) and the voting algorithm provides an output that is closest to reality. Tests with real data from a demonstrator vehicle are used to validate the approaches proposed in this thesis
Kharrat, Dhouha. "Commande tolérante aux défauts des systèmes non linéaires : application à la dynamique du véhicule". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AMIE0012.
Texto completo da fonteThis work deals with the development of new technologies of fault tolerant control (FTC), state and sensor/actuator faults estimation for different classes of systems. The algorithm described in this manuscript improve and reduce the conservatism of existing results in the literature. Firstly, we were interested in the synthesis of adaptive observer-based FTC for Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) descriptor systems with time-delay in presence of actuator faults. The analysis and design conditions of observer-based FTC are formulated into a set of delay-dependent linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which can be solved in a single step. Then, an adaptive observer-based FTC strategy is proposed for both T-S descriptor systems and T-S fuzzy systems subject to simultaneous actuator and sensor faults under external disturbances. The last part of this work concerns the issue of the lateral vehicle and rollover dynamics which is approximated by the T-S fuzzy model under the influence of actuator and sensor faults with external disturbances. Using the cone complementarity linearization algorithm, the proposed method offers less restrictive LMI conditions than those established in the literature. The proposed approach is validated in simulation on the Carsim software as an application of the dynamics of the vehicle in presence of sensor, actuator faults and external disturbances
Akrad, Ahmad. "Analyse et synthèse d’un contrôleur numérique pour la commande tolérante aux défauts du capteur mécanique d’une machine synchrone à aimants permanents". Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112017.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this work is the design of a position sensor fault tolerant controller for permanent magnet synchronous motor. It is based on the combination of a vector controller, two observers and a voting algorithm. The work consisted, first, to develop a model of the position sensor, to study the impact of faults on the performance of the controller. Then we developed linear and nonlinear controllers based in IDA-PBC (Interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control). These controllers present the advantage of having a tuning procedure based on physical principles (energy shaping). Experimental and simulation results have exhibited the same performances and robustness as a standard IP based controller. However within the IDA-PBC, the global asymptotic stability has been proven. The third step consisted in the development of the sensorless controller. For the estimation of unknown variables, we have developed two observers : A deterministic observer (adaptative observer) based on the estimation of the motor extended back electromotive forces (EEMF) to estimate the position and speed, a stochastic observer (two stage extensed Kalman filter) that estimates whether the position and the speed or the position, the speed and the load torque. These observers have been totally validated in simulation and partially on the experimental test bench. Finally, these sensor and sensorless controllers are combined with a voting algorithm (maximum likelihood) to obtain the structure of a position sensor fault tolerant controller. The tuning parameters (reliability coefficients and maximum error) of the voting algorithm has been studied through intensive simulations and experiments. Finally, the fault tolerant controller feasibility is proved through simulations and experiments for partial or complete outage of the mechanical sensor
Oudghiri, Mohammed. "Commande multi-modèles tolérante aux défauts : Application au contrôle de la dynamique d'un véhicule automobile". Phd thesis, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00357731.
Texto completo da fonteLa première partie consacrée à la FTC passive comporte trois chapitres. La première concerne la synthèse d'une loi de commande multimodèle par retour d'état reconstruit. Les incertitudes dues aux erreurs de modélisation et aux variations paramétriques sont prises en compte. Les conditions de stabilité sont données sous forme Inégalités Matricielles Bilinéaires (BMI) avec la proposition d'un algorithme de résolution en deux étapes. Cette loi de commande a été ensuite appliquée pour le contrôle de la dynamique latérale d'un véhicule automobile à quatre roues directrices. Cette dernière a été modélisée par un multimodèle incertain valable dans une large zone de variation de l'angle de dérive.
La seconde approche traite la conception d'une loi de commande basée sur observateur avec rejet de perturbations extérieures. L'avantage que représente cette méthode par rapport à celles existantes dans la littérature est la formulation des conditions de stabilité sous forme LMI. Ainsi les gains du contrôleur et les gains de l'observateur sont obtenus en une seule étape, ce qui introduit plus de relaxation. La loi de commande développée a été ensuite appliquée pour le contrôle de la dynamique latérale d'un véhicule automobile en considérant le moment autour du centre de gravité du véhicule comme entrée de commande.
La troisième approche proposée est une loi de commande adaptative à mode glissant en vue du contrôle du taux de glissement longitudinal lors de l'opération de freinage d'un véhicule automobile. Elle a comme avantage de combiner le mode glissant, connu par ses propriétés de robustesse vis à vis des perturbations extérieures et des erreurs de modélisation, et la représentation multimodèle/floue connue par ses propriétés d'approximateur universel. Cette loi de commande a été validée par une application réelle sur un prototype du système de freinage et d'anti-blocage ABS disponible au laboratoire M.I.S.
La deuxième partie de notre travail concerne la FTC active en s'appuyant sur les résultats développés dans la partie précédente. Trois stratégies de commandes actives tolérantes aux défauts capteurs ont été proposées pour le maintien de la stabilité latérale du véhicule automobile avec/sans présence des défauts capteurs. Les trois stratégies utilisent un bloc de détection et d'identification des défauts (FDI) constitué d'un banc d'observateurs, d'un bloc pour l'accommodation et la correction de la loi de commande et un bloc de décision sélectionnant la bonne loi de commande. Ceci permet de maintenir le bon comportement latéral du véhicule automobile lorsqu'un des capteurs utilisés devient défaillant. Dans les trois stratégies nous n'avons traité que les défauts capteurs additifs et en supposant qu'à chaque instant au maximum un seul capteur peut être défaillant. Elles se différentient entre elles essentiellement par les algorithmes de détection et d'isolation des défauts et les algorithmes de contrôle utilisés.
Al, Asmar Abed Al Kader. "Commande tolérante aux défauts statoriques et de convertisseurs d'un entraînement synchrone à aimants pour l'aéronautique". Thesis, Normandie, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021NORMLH03.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim is to study an original electromechanical drive structure based on fault tolerant permanent magnet double stator synchronous machines. This structure has the ability to tolerate inverter short and open faults as well as short circuit faults in windings. An original structure of the windings would limit the consequences of these faults and guarantee the availability of actuations under faults. A Multiphysics model based on electro-magneto-thermal coupling is developed to study the performance of this type of machine in case of failure. A control method that tolerates the short-circuit of an IGBT is sought and implemented. This work was concretized on a dedicated experimental bench integrating the target machine, its supply and its control.This thesis support aeronautical activities in the regions. It is part of the axis "Conversion and transformation of electrical energy" of the electronics network and the theme "Reliability of systems and components" of the Normandy region. The proposed research reinforces efforts to enhance the reliability of electrical actuator systems in the growing electrification of the next generation of electric aircraft.This thesis could strengthen cooperation with the SAFRAN group and in particular Aircelle. In addition, certain aspects can be exploited for future development with ADWEN regarding the availability of electric generators for offshore wind turbines
Bezzaoucha, Souad. "Commande tolérante aux défauts de systèmes non linéaires représentés par des modèles de Takagi-Sugeno". Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00948345.
Texto completo da fonteBezzaoucha, Souad. "Commande tolérante aux défauts des systèmes non linéaires représentés par des modèles de Takagi-Sugeno". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0120.
Texto completo da fonteA first contribution of this thesis is to propose a systematic procedure to deal with the state and parameter estimation for nonlinear time-varying systems. It consists in transforming the original system into a T-S model with unmeasurable premise variables using the sector nonlinearity transformation. Then a joint state and parameter observer is designed and the convergence conditions of the joint state and parameter estimation errors are established. The second contribution of this thesis is the stabilization problem under saturation constraints. In fact, we aim to present a new approach for the saturation nonlinearity study, where the sector nonlinearity transformation is used to represent the nonlinear behaviour of a saturated actuator under a T-S form. The T-S representation of the saturation is used to integrate the limitation constraints into the control synthesis, such that the system stability is ensured and the controller gains are calculated according to the saturation level. The model reference tracking control problem is also addressed. It aims to highlight the encoutered difficulties and the proposed solutions to achieve the tracking objective. Through analytical studies, by presenting clear structural conditions and control strategies, we try to point and answer some major interogations, that are : "how the model reference is to be chosen ? " and "which tracking criterion to consider to achieve a certain objective ? ". The case of constrained control input is also considered with a special focus on the anticipation for the saturated control
Khelassi, Ahmed. "Nouvelle méthodologie de synthèse de lois de commande tolérante aux fautes garantissant la fiabilité des systèmes". Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00618655.
Texto completo da fonteCieslak, Jérôme. "Anlyse et synthèse d'une architecture coopérative pour la commande tolérante aux défauts : application à un système aéronautique". Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13406.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis discusses the design of an active Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) strategy for improvement of the operational control capability of the safety critical systems. The FTC strategy works in such a way that once a fault is detected by the Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) unit, a compensation loop is activated for safe recovery. A key feature of the proposed strategy is that the design of the FTC loop is done independently of the nominal control law already in place. For a given application, one can select the appropriate “FTC controller / FDI unit” from the designed set of all admissible FDI/FTC units. The selection is done using performance indicators based on µ-analysis and µg-analysis. Finally, the proposed approach is applied to a faulty scenario of a realistic nonlinear benchmark of a large transport aircraft within European Flight Mechanics Action Group (FM-AG(16)) of GARTEUR program. The goal is to provide a “self-repairing” capability to enable the pilot to land the aircraft safely in the event of a stabilizer fault
Khelassi, Ahmed. "Nouvelle méthodologie de synthèse de lois de commande tolérante aux fautes garantissant la fiabilité des systèmes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10041.
Texto completo da fonteThe works developed in this thesis deal with the active fault tolerant control design incorporating actuators reliability. This new methodology requires the adaptation of the reliability analysis tools with the system control field. The explicit integration of load in the actuators reliability models is considered. First, the reconfigurability analysis of fault tolerant control systems is treated. A reliable reconfigurability analysis based on the energy consumption with respect to overall system reliability is presented. A reconfigurability index which defines the functional limitation of the system is proposed based on fault severity and actuators reliability degradation. The second part of the developed works is devoted to control allocation and re-allocation. Two approaches of control re-allocation are proposed by taking into consideration actuator degradation health. The control inputs are applied to the system with respect to actuators reliability and faults. The third part contributes to a fault tolerant controller design incorporating actuator criticality. A sensitivity analysis of the overall system reliability and criticality indicator are proposed. A new method of active fault tolerant control is developed with Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) formulation based on actuator criticality
Rodrigues, Mickael. "Diagnostic et Commande Active Tolérante aux Défauts appliqués aux Systèmes décrits par des Multi-Modèles Linéaires". Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364804.
Texto completo da fonteRodrigues, Mickaël. "Diagnostic et commande active tolérante aux défauts appliqués aux systèmes décrits par des multi-modèles linéaires". Nancy 1, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2005_0149_RODRIGUES.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThe main work presented in this document deals with diagnosis and Active Fault Tolerant Control (AFTC) for systems described by multi-models. The first part consists in an Adaptive Filter design through a multi-model representation. The main contribution is an adaptive filter design for fault estimation. The stability is ensured by use of LMI. The second step is the design of polytopic Unknown Inputs Observers (UIO) in multi-models framework. These polytopic UIO allow to consider different distribution matrices. A pole placement is also considered with LMI so as to guarantee a decay-rate of the UIO. AFTC is considered with a FDI scheme which provides an accurate fault magnitude estimation. Two control laws are synthesized : one uses a state feedback and the other one considers an output feedback. These two control laws ensure closed-loop system stability through pole placement in the unit circle despite of multiple actuator failures
Ait, Ladel Ayyoub. "Commande tolérante aux défauts des systèmes à multimodèles : application à des systèmes à multi-source d'énergie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/220330_AITLADEL_882kmyqu655hkbca383zrkcz402ihwf_TH.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis deals with the fault detection/estimation and fault-tolerant control challenges through integrated design. The aim is to design control strategies able to maintain robust and acceptable performance even in the presence of faults. The considered systems are dynamic in nature and are multi-model. The approaches proposed in this thesis consist in formalizing the integrated design of the detection/estimation and fault-tolerant control units in the form of linear matrix inequalities to overcome the difficulty posed by the observer/controller coupling. These approaches provide the ability to consider the different interactions between the system, the detection/estimation unit, and the control unit. Therefore, ensuring a global stability analysis of the closed-loop system and robust performances in terms of detection/estimation, control, and fault compensation. The thesis is mainly composed of three parts. In the first part, results on the control in the presence of sensor or actuator faults are established for switched linear systems. In the second part, extensions to switched nonlinear systems with sensor and actuator faults are proposed. Finally, the third part consists of a complete study of a renewable energy system. It is a multi-source/multi-load system designed to meet multiple demands and is subject to the intermittency of renewable energies
Doublet, Maxime. "Commande tolérante aux défauts et diagnostic des systèmes à retard inconnu par une approche sans modèle". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0188/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis, the model-free control was applied and adapted to delayed systems whose delay is either known or unknown. This method of control does not require the specific knowledge of a model of the system, it finds all its effectiveness in the apprehension of the unknown delays. Different adaptations of the classical approach, based on the minimization of frequency and temporal criteria, have been proposed in the context of a known, bounded or unknown delay. They allowed us to extend the range of systems considered and to improve the intrinsic performance of the model-free control. The delayed systems, which are the main target of this thesis, were able to benefit from these improvements. The problem of the fault-diagnosis of delayed systems was then addressed. A new method of model-free diagnosis has been proposed, based on model-free control principles. Our proposal only uses the temporal evolution of the system's input and output signals. Due to the generation of residual signals, the detection and localization of actuator/system faults were permitted under certain assumptions. Finally, we have studied the fault-tolerance properties of model-free control and its efficacy has been proven. Compared with more conventional methods, such as the PI Controller for example, a notable difference is to be mentioned. Indeed, unlike a PI controller, the model-free control is robust not only to low-frequency input disturbance signals, but it also allows for the rejection of other signal types by estimating summary parameters. Throughout this report, the effectiveness of the proposed approaches was illustrated in terms of control or diagnosis by multiple academic examples
Doublet, Maxime. "Commande tolérante aux défauts et diagnostic des systèmes à retard inconnu par une approche sans modèle". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0188.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis, the model-free control was applied and adapted to delayed systems whose delay is either known or unknown. This method of control does not require the specific knowledge of a model of the system, it finds all its effectiveness in the apprehension of the unknown delays. Different adaptations of the classical approach, based on the minimization of frequency and temporal criteria, have been proposed in the context of a known, bounded or unknown delay. They allowed us to extend the range of systems considered and to improve the intrinsic performance of the model-free control. The delayed systems, which are the main target of this thesis, were able to benefit from these improvements. The problem of the fault-diagnosis of delayed systems was then addressed. A new method of model-free diagnosis has been proposed, based on model-free control principles. Our proposal only uses the temporal evolution of the system's input and output signals. Due to the generation of residual signals, the detection and localization of actuator/system faults were permitted under certain assumptions. Finally, we have studied the fault-tolerance properties of model-free control and its efficacy has been proven. Compared with more conventional methods, such as the PI Controller for example, a notable difference is to be mentioned. Indeed, unlike a PI controller, the model-free control is robust not only to low-frequency input disturbance signals, but it also allows for the rejection of other signal types by estimating summary parameters. Throughout this report, the effectiveness of the proposed approaches was illustrated in terms of control or diagnosis by multiple academic examples
Tahiri, Imane. "Contribution à la conception d'une commande reconfigurable et tolérante aux fautes pour les Systèmes Automatisés de Production". Thesis, Reims, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REIMS008.
Texto completo da fonteThe research results presented in this thesis falls within the framework of control reconfiguration of Automated Production Systems (APS) seen as a class of Discrete Event Systems (DES). The reconfiguration is based on Supervisory control theory (SCT) and triggered following a plant fault detection (fault tolerant control). The faults considered in this report are sensor faults (a sensor which remains blocked on reading 1 or on reading 0). The main contribution is based on a safe control synthesis founded on timed properties. In fact, if a sensor fault is detected, the controller of the normal behavior is reconfigured to a timed one where the timed information compensates the information lost on the faulty sensor. The switch between normal and reconfigured behaviors is ensured using reconfiguration rules. The main objective of our method is to implement the obtained control into a PLC. To meet the different objectives, we propose a method to translate the distributed controllers of the two operating modes, as well as the reconfiguration rules into different Grafcets implantable in a PLC. The implementation of these different models is verified by a model-checking technique before being tested on a digital twin. Finally, we apply our contribution to a real system to illustrate our results
Taherzadeh, Mehdi. "Contribution to Fault Tolerant Control of Six-Phase Induction Generators". Thesis, Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0014.
Texto completo da fonteThree-phase induction machines are limited to operate in open-phase conditions in both motor and generator operating modes. Indeed, after losing one of the machine’s phases with an isolated neutral point, the two remaining phases cannot be controlled independently and the machine has to be stopped. Contrary to three-phase machines, the multiphase ones use more than three phase in the stator and thus they can operate even in phase missing conditions with a minimum de-rating. Nevertheless, for a multiphase generator, the extracted power from the machine is associated with oscillations due to the open-phase creation. In addition, the used variables in control system oscillate in these conditions as well. The goal of this thesis is therefore to design a general control system for a squirrel cage six-phase induction generator (SC6PIG) in both healthy and faulty operations. The general control system consists of ten sub control systems which are designed for all possible open-phase faults of the SC6PIG up to three-opened phases. They have been designed regarding the faulty model of the SC6PIG to eliminate the power oscillations in faulted mode. An open-phase detection and operating decider system have been introduced to switch a control system to a new one during the motion. It has been shown that the switching between two different control systems creates a transient voltage in switching instant. In order to minimize the transient voltages, on-line initial condition setting has been proposed for the ten control systems. The proposed strategy has been checked by simulation and experimentation tests on a SC6PIG rated at 90 W. They have confirmed the capacities of the proposed strategy
Belkherchi, Nassim. "Contribution à l'étude du diagnostic et de la commande tolérante aux fautes par l'approche structurelle : application aux procédés biologiques". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00595600.
Texto completo da fonteMaamouri, Rebah. "Diagnostic et commande tolérante aux défauts appliqués à un système de conversion électromécanique à base d’une machine asynchrone triphasée". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDM0009/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe main goal of this thesis is to propose diagnostic strategies in the case of a sensorless speed control of a three-phase induction motor under an opened-switch or opened-phase fault. A qualitative analysis of the performances, in terms of stability and robustness, of sensorless control applied to the electrical drive in pre-fault and post-fault operation modes is presented. A model-based sliding mode observer is developed and experimentally validated for sensorless speed control of three-phase induction motor. The signals issued from the observer (model approach) as well as the measured ones (signal approach) are simultaneously used to form a hybrid approach for inverter open-switch fault detection and identification. A second-order sliding mode observer based on Super-Twisting algorithm (STA) is also developed to improve the stability and to ensure the continuity of operation of the electrical drive especially during transient states induced by the fault, permitting thus to apply the reconfiguration step without losing the control
Andrei, Geanina. "Contribution à la commande tolerante aux pannes dans la conduite du vol". Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ISAT0033/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis uses the nonlinear inverse control technique to synthesize control laws for dealing with two types of failures aboard transport airplanes. The first type of failure affects some actuators without compromising the overall controllability of the airplane: this situation arises particularly in the case of an isolated fault whose effects can theoretically be compensated taking into account the redundancy of actuators in terms of their effects on the dynamics of flight. The problem that arises is the reallocation of control surfaces to maintain for it, when possible, a standard behaviour in both equilibrium and makeover situations. The case of an aileron failure is studied here and a roll manoeuvre is considered for standard response of the aircraft. At this level, looking for the solution of this problem will lead us to combine the nonlinear inverse control technique and classical Mathematical Programming solicited online in order to take account of all material and structural constraints to be taken into account to ensure safety of the aircraft. The second considered type of failure affects an entire chain of command, leading to catastrophic situations where the aircraft is no more controllable in the classical sense and requires the immediate interruption of commercial flight to find a solution for the survival of people on board the aircraft through an emergency landing. In this thesis we consider the case of total loss of power for aerodynamic actuators and we develop a flight safety strategy based on a sequence of flight phases to which are associated limited control objectives based on the few opportunities from the only remaining actuators, the aircraft engines. Here too, the nonlinear inverse control technique plays an important role in the synthesis of control laws essential to put the airplane inacceptable conditions for landing
Belkadi, Adel. "Conception de commande tolérante aux défauts pour les systèmes multi-agents : application au vol en formation d'une flotte de véhicules autonomes aériens". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0183/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn recent years, the emergence of new technologies such as miniaturization of components, wireless communication devices, increased storage size and computing capabilities have allowed the design of increasingly complex cooperative multi-agent systems. One of the main research axes in this topic concerns the formation control of fleets of autonomous vehicles. Many applications and missions, civilian and military, such as exploration, surveillance, and maintenance, were developed and carried out in various environments. During the execution of these tasks, the vehicles must interact with their environment and among themselves to coordinate. The available communication tools are often limited in scope. The preservation of the connection within the group then becomes one of the objectives to be satisfied in order to carry out the task successfully. One of the possibilities to guarantee this constraint is the training displacement, which makes it possible to preserve the distances and the geometrical structure of the group. However, it is necessary to have tools and methods for analyzing and controlling these types of systems in order to make the most of their potential. This thesis is part of this research direction by presenting a synthesis and analysis of multi-agent dynamical systems and more particularly the formation control of autonomous vehicles. The control laws developed in the literature for formation control allow to carry out a large number of missions with a high level of performance. However, if a fault/failure occurs in the training, these control laws can be very limited, resulting in unstable system behavior. The development of fault tolerant controls becomes paramount to maintaining control performance in the presence of faults. This problem will be dealt with in more detail in this thesis and will concern the development and design of Fault tolerant controls devolved to a fleet of autonomous vehicles according to different configuration/structuring
Belkadi, Adel. "Conception de commande tolérante aux défauts pour les systèmes multi-agents : application au vol en formation d'une flotte de véhicules autonomes aériens". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0183.
Texto completo da fonteIn recent years, the emergence of new technologies such as miniaturization of components, wireless communication devices, increased storage size and computing capabilities have allowed the design of increasingly complex cooperative multi-agent systems. One of the main research axes in this topic concerns the formation control of fleets of autonomous vehicles. Many applications and missions, civilian and military, such as exploration, surveillance, and maintenance, were developed and carried out in various environments. During the execution of these tasks, the vehicles must interact with their environment and among themselves to coordinate. The available communication tools are often limited in scope. The preservation of the connection within the group then becomes one of the objectives to be satisfied in order to carry out the task successfully. One of the possibilities to guarantee this constraint is the training displacement, which makes it possible to preserve the distances and the geometrical structure of the group. However, it is necessary to have tools and methods for analyzing and controlling these types of systems in order to make the most of their potential. This thesis is part of this research direction by presenting a synthesis and analysis of multi-agent dynamical systems and more particularly the formation control of autonomous vehicles. The control laws developed in the literature for formation control allow to carry out a large number of missions with a high level of performance. However, if a fault/failure occurs in the training, these control laws can be very limited, resulting in unstable system behavior. The development of fault tolerant controls becomes paramount to maintaining control performance in the presence of faults. This problem will be dealt with in more detail in this thesis and will concern the development and design of Fault tolerant controls devolved to a fleet of autonomous vehicles according to different configuration/structuring
Bouyahia, Omar. "Génération électrique tolérante aux défauts à base de structures multiphasées : comparaison, choix d'une technologie, transfert technologique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AMIE0040.
Texto completo da fonteThe project of this thesis consists in the definition of a fault tolerant multiphase generator allowing to increase the reliability of a production line. In fact, whatever the fossil fuel (oil, gas, coal) or renewable (hydraulic, wind, biomass, solar) primary energy used upstream, it is necessary to transform it into electric energy a conversion chain based on an electric generator. whatever the power level (from kW to MW). This element, basically of three-phase structure, is subject to failures during the loss of a phase. Also, by multiplying the number of phases, the production can continue if there remain three active phases. Nevertheless, even if the generation is still possible, it is necessary to define an intelligent control that adapts to the fault and drives the power converter so as to maintain a clean power generation complying with the rules imposed by the national power grid
Sidi, Ahmedou. "Etude de la dégradation radiolytique de polymères constitutifs de câbles contrôle/commande K1 en ambiance nucléaire". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22756/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis study is focused on the radiooxidative degradation of polymeric insulation of Instrument and Controle (I&C) electric cables. In order to investigate the degradation mechanisms of the insulation, an original approach has been implemented thanks to the use of model composites with ATH (Aluminium TriHydrate) filler and blends (without filler) based on a cross-linked mixture of EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) and EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) were submitted to gamma-irradiation. This work has been completed within the goal of extending the lifetime operation of French Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) by EDF. Multi-scale analysis of the model materials and insulation were performed in order to investigate de modifications and the evolution of the polymer properties induced by different kinds of ageing (thermo and/or radiooxidation). After having highlighted that whatever the ageing conditions are, degradation of polymers is governed by scission process, it is shown that purely radiolytic processes play a key role in the overall degradation scenario. These studies based on correlation curves showed that physico-chemical properties of the polymer, such as the evaluation by InfraRed of the amount of the oxidation products formed, gel fraction and Oxidation Induction Time measurements are relevant indicators of ageing. The evolution of these properties during ageing is even, in the case of the insulation, earlier than the loss of mechanical properties, which may allow to anticipate a sudden loss of mechanical properties and therefore of the functionality of the cable insulation. More generally, these studies points out the needs of using the lowest dose rates possible and room temperature, as done in this work
Taherzadeh, Mehdi. "Contribution to Fault Tolerant Control of Six-Phase Induction Generators". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0014.
Texto completo da fonteThree-phase induction machines are limited to operate in open-phase conditions in both motor and generator operating modes. Indeed, after losing one of the machine’s phases with an isolated neutral point, the two remaining phases cannot be controlled independently and the machine has to be stopped. Contrary to three-phase machines, the multiphase ones use more than three phase in the stator and thus they can operate even in phase missing conditions with a minimum de-rating. Nevertheless, for a multiphase generator, the extracted power from the machine is associated with oscillations due to the open-phase creation. In addition, the used variables in control system oscillate in these conditions as well. The goal of this thesis is therefore to design a general control system for a squirrel cage six-phase induction generator (SC6PIG) in both healthy and faulty operations. The general control system consists of ten sub control systems which are designed for all possible open-phase faults of the SC6PIG up to three-opened phases. They have been designed regarding the faulty model of the SC6PIG to eliminate the power oscillations in faulted mode. An open-phase detection and operating decider system have been introduced to switch a control system to a new one during the motion. It has been shown that the switching between two different control systems creates a transient voltage in switching instant. In order to minimize the transient voltages, on-line initial condition setting has been proposed for the ten control systems. The proposed strategy has been checked by simulation and experimentation tests on a SC6PIG rated at 90 W. They have confirmed the capacities of the proposed strategy
Abci, Boussad. "Approche informationnelle pour la navigation autonome tolérante aux défauts : application aux systèmes robotiques mobiles". Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I073.
Texto completo da fonteOver the last years, autonomous navigation for mobile robot systems has known an increasing interest from the scientific community. This is mainly due to the diversity of its applications and the different challenges that it represents. Without any human intervention, autonomous navigation must be safe, reliable and accurate. Nevertheless, it may be subject to various degradations that could compromise its objective. Indeed, external disturbances, as well as sensor and actuator faults, may affect the different aspects of autonomous navigation, which are localization, path planning and trajectory tracking. This is why we are devoting this thesis to the design of new algorithms that contribute to make the navigation system robust against external disturbances and tolerant to sensor and actuator fauts. We have adopted a residual generation based fault-diagnosis strategy combined with a robust sliding mode controller that is robust against a certain class of perturbations that are not necessary uniformly bounded. The proposed diagnostic layer is purely informational. It is based on the use of two information filters with different evolution models, and the divergences of Bhattacharyya and Kullback-Leibler for residual design. These residuals are evaluated using statistical methods, in order to detect, isolate then exclude sensor and actuator faults from the navigation system. The proposed approach is applied to different differential drive mobile-robot systems. Experimental results obtained by using the CRIStAL robotic platform, so-called PRETIL, are presented and discussed
Ben, Abdelghani Hafedh. "Étude, conception et réalisation d'un convertisseur statique hybride multiniveaux tolérant aux défauts". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INPT0042/document.
Texto completo da fonteGiven the importance of power converter safety operation in several fields (electric traction, renewable energy, etc ..), it is necessary to examine availability of these systems in the case of malfunction of an IGBT module, a converter leg or a phase machine. Thus, it is essential to develop new hardware architectures and software controls capable of operating at significant power after fault occurence. This thesis deals with a new multilevel fault tolerant hybrid topology. It consists on adding to a 3-phase 3-level NPC (Neutral Point Clamped) inverter, a fourth 3-level FC (Flying Cap) leg. New techniques of fault tolerance parts, namely detection, isolation, reconfiguration and system control during post fault mode, are proposed, analyzed and validated with a 15kW experimental converter prototype
Vu, Duc Tan. "Commande tolérante aux défauts des entraînements de machines synchrones à aimants permanents polyphasées non-sinusoïdales sous contraintes de courant et de tension pour les applications automobiles". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAE040.
Texto completo da fonteElectric drives for electrified vehicles need to fulfil some specific requirements from automotive markets such as high efficiency, high volume power and torque densities, low-cost but safe-to-touch, high functional reliability, high torque quality, and flux-weakening control. In this context, multiphase permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drives have become suitable candidates to meet the above requirements. The main objective of this doctoral thesis is to propose and refine fault-tolerant control strategies for non-sinusoidal multiphase PMSM drives that require less constraints on their design. In addition, constraints on current and voltage defined by the inverter and the machine are considered to optimize the machine control under the non-sinusoidal condition without exceeding their allowable limits. Therefore, the system sizing is guaranteed, especially in flux-weakening operations. The proposed fault-tolerant control strategies, based on the mathematical model of multiphase drives, enrich the control field of multiphase drives by providing various control options. The selection of one of the proposed control options can be a trade-off between a high quality torque but a low average value and a high average torque but a relatively high ripple. The control and torque performances of the drives can be refined by using artificial intelligence with a simple type of artificial neural networks named ADALINE (ADAptive LInear NEuron). With self-learning ability, fast convergence, and simplicity, ADALINEs can be applied to industrial multiphase drives. All proposed control strategies in this doctoral thesis are validated with an experimental seven-phase PMSM drive. The non-sinusoidal back electromotive force (back-EMF) of the experimental seven-phase PMSM is complex with the presence of multi-harmonics. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategies, and their applicability in a multiphase machine with a complex non-sinusoidal back-EMF
Ndoye, Bada. "Contribution à la synthèse des lois de commande pour la tolérance aux fautes de la boucle d'air d'un moteur Diesel". Rouen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ROUES046.
Texto completo da fonteMartínez, Torres César. "Fault tolerant control by flatness approach". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0136/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe objective of this Ph.D. work is to provide a flatness based active fault-tolerant control technique. For such systems, it is possible to find a set of variables, named flat outputs, such that states and control inputs can be expressed as functions of flat outputs and their time derivatives. The fault detection and isolation block has to provide a fast and accurate fault isolation. This action is carried out by exploiting the non-uniqueness property of the flat outputs. In fact, if a second set of flat outputs which are coupled by a differential equation of the first is calculated, bthe number of residues augments. Differentially coupled means that it exists an equation with time derivatives inside, that couple one element of the first set with one of the second. As a consequence of augmenting the number of residual signal more faults than in the one set case may be isolated.Regarding reconfiguration, if the flat system complies with the properties listed above, we will obtain versions of states and control inputs as much of flat output vectors, are found, because each control input and state is a function of the flat output. The proposed approach provides in this manner one measure related to a faulty flat output vector and one or more computed by using an unfaulty one. The redundant state signals could be used as reference of the controller in order to hide the fault effects. This will be helpful to provide an entirely flatness based fault-tolerant control strategy.The works presented in this manuscript are under the following hypothesis: The flat outputs are functions of the state of the system, however in this work the flat outputs are constrained to be states of the system or a linear combination of them.The control loop is closed with a state feedback controller.For purposes of this work flat outputs need to be measured.Faults affecting the actuators are considered rejected by the controller; by consequence reconfiguration is only carried out after a sensor fault occurs.Feasibility of the proposed approach is analyzed in two nonlinear plants, an unmanned quadrotor and a three tank system
Fonod, Robert. "Model-based Fault Diagnosis and Fault Accommodation for Space Missions : Application to the Rendezvous Phase of the MSR Mission". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0199/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe work addressed in this thesis draws expertise from actions undertaken between the EuropeanSpace Agency (ESA), the industry Thales Alenia Space (TAS) and the IMS laboratory (laboratoirede l’Intégration du Matériau au Système) which develop new generations of integrated Guidance, Navigationand Control (GNC) units with fault detection and tolerance capabilities. The reference mission isthe ESA’s Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission. The presented work focuses on the terminal rendezvoussequence of the MSR mission which corresponds to the last few hundred meters until the capture. Thechaser vehicle is the MSR Orbiter, while the passive target is a diameter spherical container. The objectiveat control level is a capture achievement with an accuracy better than a few centimeter. The research workaddressed in this thesis is concerned by the development of model-based Fault Detection and Isolation(FDI) and Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) approaches that could significantly increase the operational andfunctional autonomy of the chaser during rendezvous, and more generally, of spacecraft involved in deepspace missions. Since redundancy exist in the sensors and since the reaction wheels are not used duringthe rendezvous phase, the work presented in this thesis focuses only on the thruster-based propulsionsystem. The investigated faults have been defined in accordance with ESA and TAS requirements andfollowing their experiences. The presented FDI/FTC approaches relies on hardware redundancy in sensors,control redirection and control re-allocation methods and a hierarchical FDI including signal-basedapproaches at sensor level, model-based approaches for thruster fault detection/isolation and trajectorysafety monitoring. Carefully selected performance and reliability indices together with Monte Carlo simulationcampaigns, using a high-fidelity industrial simulator, demonstrate the viability of the proposedapproaches
Jamouli, Hicham. "Génération de résidus directionnels pour le diagnostic des systèmes linéaires stochastiques et la commande". Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005813.
Texto completo da fonteCieslak, Jérôme. "ANALYSE ET SYNTHESE D'UNE ARCHITECTURE COOPERATIVE POUR LA COMMANDE TOLERANTE AUX DEFAUTS - APPLICATION A UN SYSTEME AERONAUTIQUE". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00178592.
Texto completo da fonteStoican, Florin. "Fault tolerant control based on set-theoretic methods". Phd thesis, Supélec, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00633622.
Texto completo da fonteJain, Tushar. "Contribution à la synthèse de commandes tolérantes aux défauts par l'approche comportementale". Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767015.
Texto completo da fonte