Bibliografias temáticas / Colonial fund

Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Colonial fund"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 26 de julho de 2024

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Colonial fund"

Strong, Rowan. "The Resurgence of Colonial Anglicanism: the Colonial Bishoprics Fund, 1840–1". Studies in Church History 44 (2008): 196–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400003594.

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Revival and resurgence is not simply something that happens to individuals or groups of persons; it is a phenomenon that, takes place within organized communities, institutions, and societies. The Church has existed in history as an organized society of believers, and this institutional dimension of Christianity has frequently shaped Christian history and the influence of Christianity on wider society for better and worse. Indeed, it could be argued that this is the dimension of Christianity which has been most influential historically. However, in the case of the Church of England in the British Empire its organized influence as a Church was seriously curtailed by its restricted and partial institutional existence throughout the eighteenth century in the North American colonies. There it existed without a bishop to provide local leadership and an effective counterweight to local lay elites. When that situation reversed and the British state began to support colonial bishoprics after the loss of the thirteen colonies in the new United States of America, the Church of England remained largely at the mercy of fluctuating political agendas to supply colonial bishops with sufficient legality and infrastructure. However, in the early 1840s the Church of England underwent a resurgence in the British Empire as a consequence of developing a new response to its metropolitan political situation, which initiated a revival in its colonial engagement.

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Peté, Stephen Allister. "Keeping the natives in their place: the ideology of white supremacy and the flogging of African offenders in colonial Natal – part 1". Fundamina 26, n.º 2 (2020): 374–423. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/fund/v26/i2a5.

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The political economy of colonial Natal was based on a coercive and hierarchical racial order. Over decades, the white colonists struggled to assert their power over the indigenous inhabitants of the colony, to force them off their land and into wage labour in service of the white colonial economy. This process resulted in ongoing resistance on the part of the indigenous population, including a series of rebellions and revolts throughout the colonial period, which were met with force by the white colonists. White colonial ideology was shaped by the violent and adversarial nature of the social, political and economic relations between white and black in the colony. It was also influenced by the broader global context, within which colonisation was justified by racist variants of the theory of Social Darwinism. Driven by a strange mix of deep insecurity and fear on the one hand, and racist paternalism on the other, the white settlers of colonial Natal developed a variant of white supremacist ideology with a special flavour. Nowhere was this more apparent than in their near obsession with flogging as the most appropriate manner of dealing with African offenders in particular. By closely examining a series of public debates that took place in the colony of Natal between 1876 and 1906, this contribution seeks to excavate the various nuanced strands of thinking that together comprised the ideology of white supremacy in the colony at that time.

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Peté, Stephen. "Keeping The Natives in Their Place: The Ideology of White Supremacy and The Flogging of African Offenders in Colonial Natal – Part 2". Fundamina 2021, n.º 1 (2021): 67–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/fund/v27/i1a3.

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The political economy of colonial Natal was based on a coercive and hierarchical racial order. Over decades, the white colonists struggled to assert their power over the indigenous inhabitants of the colony, and to force them off their land and into wage labour in service of the white colonial economy. This process resulted in ongoing resistance on the part of the indigenous population, which ultimately manifested as a series of rebellions and revolts throughout the colonial period, and which were met with force by the white colonists. White colonial ideology was shaped by the violent and adversarial nature of the social, political and economic relations between white and black in the colony. It was also influenced by the broader global context, within which colonisation was justified by racist variants of the theory of Social Darwinism. Driven by a strange mix of deep insecurity and fear on the one hand and racist paternalism on the other, the white settlers of colonial Natal developed a variant of white supremacist ideology with a special flavour. Nowhere was this more apparent than in their near obsession with flogging as the most appropriate manner of dealing with, in particular, African offenders. By closely examining a series of public debates that took place in the colony of Natal between 1876 and 1906, this contribution seeks to excavate the various nuanced strands of thinking that made up the ideology of white supremacy in the colony at the time.

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Mamashela, Mothokoa. "The History of The Creation of The Customary Law of Marriage and Divorce in The Natal Colony, Zululand and Kwazulu From 1869 To 1985". Fundamina 27, n.º 2 (2021): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/fund/v27/i2a1.

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This contribution discusses the creation of an official, colonial version of the customary law of marriage and divorce in the Natal colony and Zululand by the colonial administration. Traditional African institutions, hereditary traditional leaders and their courts were replaced with magistrates and British officials at public and administrative levels. Customary law was codified, thus robbing it of its diversity, flexibility and dynamism. In traditional customary law a marriage was constituted in several ways: arranged, forced, woman to woman, sororate and levirate marriages occurred. However, the Natal colonial administration prohibited these types of marriages, viewing them as repugnant to the administration’s sense of morality and justice. A customary marriage was also family-centred and processual; it united two families and not only two individuals, and it took a long time to come into existence. This characteristic of a customary marriage was also drastically changed by the Natal colonial administration by removing it from the purview/control of the family to the individuals themselves in that the bride and groom were encouraged to choose their partners and to give their consent freely to their own marriage. Marriage and divorce were individualised and the couple’s families were gradually left out. The principle regarding irretrievable breakdown of a marriage was replaced with the guilt principle. In addition, five common-law grounds for divorce were introduced into the customary law of divorce, and the inquisitorial procedure was replaced with the adversarial one. Patriarchy, one of the tenets of customary law, was diminished through legislation that whittled down the excessive powers that fathers had over their children. The legislation sought to endow women and children with basic human rights and the gradual recognition of their property rights. Colonial administrative changes meant that polygyny and ilobolo were discouraged; that marrying more than one wife was seen as enslavement of women; and that the transfer of ilobolo was misinterpreted as the selling of women.

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Peté, Stephen Allister, e Paul Swanepoel. "In-Between Black and White: Defining Racial Boundaries in Colonial Natal at the Turn of the Twentieth Century — Part Two". Fundamina 29, n.º 1 (2023): 53–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/fund/v29/i1a3.

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Mahmood Mamdani has argued that a system of “define and rule” lay at the heart of a revamped system of British colonial rule – indirect as opposed to direct rule – which developed from the middle of the nineteenth century onwards. In analysing parliamentary discussions and case law concerning definitions of “race” dating from the turn of the twentieth century in the colony of Natal, as well as examining concerns amongst the colonists at that time about the matter of racially mixed marriages, this contribution supports Mamdani’s general thesis and provides examples of the practical and ideological difficulties that arose in the process of attempting to define people according to “race” and “tribe”. It is the contention of this contribution that Mamdani is correct in his assessment that “define and rule” lay at the heart of the British colonial project, particularly in Africa. This contribution asserts, however, that the process of definition was messy, ambiguous, contradictory and never fully resolved on the ground. Certain individuals and groups tended to fall between broad definitions of “race” and “tribe”, both of which illustrated the ideological fault lines inherent in a system based upon racial categorisation, giving rise to practical problems of law and governance. The contribution looks at a number of different themes that all relate to the above general issue. First, it discusses a number of judgments of the Supreme Court of Natal during that period that concerned various individuals and groups who did not neatly fit into any of the formal definitions of race in use at the time. Secondly, it examines a fairly extensive debate that took place in the Legislative Assembly of the colony of Natal in 1905 regarding the Native Definition Bill. Thirdly, it examines the related theme of mixed marriages, of which a number were reported in the colony’s newspapers around that time. Even though there may have been relatively few individuals who fell “in-between” the generally accepted racial and tribal divisions, the fact that there was uncertainty about where such persons fitted within the system was profoundly unsettling to the colonial authorities, since it suggested that the entire structure of colonial society was not based on a secure ideological footing.

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Peté, Stephen Allister, e Paul Swanepoel. "In-Between Black and White: Defining Racial Boundaries in Colonial Natal at the Turn of the Twentieth Century – Part One". Fundamina 28, n.º 2 (2022): 43–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/fund/v28/i2a2.

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Mahmood Mamdani has argued that a system of “define and rule” lay at the heart of a revamped system of British colonial rule – indirect as opposed to direct rule – which developed from the middle of the nineteenth century onwards. In analysing parliamentary discussions and case law concerning definitions of “race” dating from the turn of the twentieth century in the colony of Natal, as well as examining concerns amongst the colonists at that time about the matter of racially mixed marriages, this contribution supports Mamdani’s general thesis and provides examples of the practical and ideological difficulties that arose in the process of attempting to define people according to “race” and “tribe”. It is the contention of this contribution that Mamdani is correct in his assessment that “define and rule” lay at the heart of the British colonial project, particularly in Africa. This contribution asserts, however, that the process of definition was messy, ambiguous, contradictory and never fully resolved in practice. Certain individuals and groups tended to fall between broad definitions of “race” and “tribe”, both of which illustrated the ideological fault lines inherent in a system based upon racial categorisation, giving rise to practical problems of law and governance. The contribution looks at a number of different themes that all relate to the above general issue. First, it discusses a number of judgments of the Supreme Court of Natal during that period that concerned various individuals and groups who did not neatly fit into any of the formal definitions of race in use at the time. Secondly, it examines a fairly extensive debate that took place in the Legislative Assembly of the colony of Natal in 1905 regarding the Native Definition Bill. Thirdly, it examines the related theme of mixed marriages, of which a number were reported in the colony’s newspapers around that time. Even though there may have been relatively few individuals who fell “in-between” the generally accepted racial and tribal divisions, the fact that there was uncertainty about where such persons fitted within the system was profoundly unsettling to the colonial authorities, since it suggested that the entire structure of colonial society was not based on a secure ideological footing.

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Schenk, Catherine R. "The evolution of the Hong Kong currency board during global exchange rate instability, 1967–1973". Financial History Review 16, n.º 2 (16 de setembro de 2009): 129–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565009990059.

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AbstractHong Kong SAR is well known as one of the few economies to operate a form of currency board as the basis of its monetary system. This system arose out of colonial status and has been retained except for a period of floating from 1975-83 to the present day, with some amendments. This article explores the evolution of the Exchange Fund during a period of global exchange rate instability showing that the abandonment of the monetary anchor in 1975 was part of a series of innovations to the use of the Fund as the colonial government sought to manage the exchange rate risks posed by the collapse of the Bretton Woods system.

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Bande, Lewis Chezan. "A history of Malawi’s criminal justice system: from pre-colonial to democratic periods". Fundamina 26, n.º 2 (2020): 288–336. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/fund/v26/i2a2.

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This contribution traces the historical development of the criminal justice system in Malawi, from the pre-colonial period, through the colonial and independence periods, to the contemporary democratic period. It highlights the major political hallmarks of each historical period and their impact on the development of the criminal justice system. The contribution shows that all aspects of the current criminal justice system – substantive criminal law, procedural law, criminallaw enforcement agencies, courts and correctional services – are products of political and constitutional processes and events of the past century. Their origins are directly traceable to the imposition of British protectorate rule on Nyasaland in the late nineteenth century. The development of the Malawian criminal justice system since then has been heavily influenced by the tension and conflict of colonialism, the brutality of one-party dictatorship and the country’s quest for a constitutional order that is based on liberal principles of democracy, rule of law, transparency and accountability, respect for human rights, limited government and equality before the law. To properly understand Malawi’s current criminal justice system, one has to know and appreciate its historical origins and development.

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Mollema, Nina. "People for Sale: Tracing the Historical Roots of Slavery and Human Trafficking in Early Colonial South Africa". Fundamina 29, n.º 2 (2023): 85–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/fund/v29/i2a3.

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Some researchers assert that trafficking in persons is a contemporary form of slavery that has existed for at least a century between Africa and Europe in the form of the trans-Atlantic slave trade. Other scholars, who only regard human trafficking as trafficking done for the purpose of sexual exploitation, maintain that the origins of modern trafficking dates to the end of the nineteenth century. However, the history of trafficking in South Africa goes back even further. This contribution outlines the history of human enslavement in South Africa from its conceptualisation as slavery through to its evolution as human trafficking. In this investigation, the similarities and differences between slavery and human trafficking are highlighted. By analysing the annals of human trafficking, it is shown that the original form of human exploitation – slavery – has a long-standing tradition in South Africa. It is contended that learning from past human-bondage injustices may contribute positively to a more comprehensive understanding not only of contemporary slavery, but also of the challenges affecting the present success of anti-trafficking efforts.

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Znaien, Nessim. "Unleavened Bread and Kosher Wine". Anthropology of the Middle East 17, n.º 2 (1 de dezembro de 2022): 64–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ame.2022.170205.

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By using literary sources and the administrative correspondence, I question the construction of a Jewish identity in colonial Tunisia through food products and their distribution networks. Unleavened bread and kosher wine were two staple products in the daily life of the Tunisian Jewish community. The merchant networks selling these products were numerous. In the travel narratives, the French colonial elites did not always link the Jewish community to these products. Unleavened bread and kosher wine, however, remained essential identity markers of the community, and their sale was used to finance the relief and charity fund created in 1905 by the colonial authorities through a system of taxes. Unleavened bread and kosher wine production were managed by the Chief Rabbi and the various stakeholders who contested that monopoly used economic and religious arguments.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Colonial fund"

Leathers, David M. "Against the Grain: The IMF, Bread Riots, and Altered State Development in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1200.

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Since the end of World War II, and especially over the past three decades, there has been a dramatic increase of interactions between international financial institutions (IFIs) and states. This paper will explore these interactions by examining the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). This paper rests on the assumption that the complex implications of these interactions are not yet comprehensively understood and will move towards that goal by setting forth a collection of new approaches to further understand IFI-state interaction. It will discuss Jordan’s economic and political history, structural adjustment policies implemented by the IMF, and responses and consequences of such policy on economic, cultural, and political dimensions. Then, theories on sovereignty, identity, nationalism and colonialism will be applied to Jordan-IMF interaction in order to suggest new ways of understanding the implications of IFI-state interaction.

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Marroni, Maria Luísa de Castro. "Os outros e a construção da escola colonial portuguesa no Boletim Geral das Colónias : (1925-1951)". Dissertação, Porto : [Edição de Autor], 2008. http://aleph.letras.up.pt/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&request=000189966.

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Fewings, Catherine Shu-fen (Yu). "Japanese colonial language education in Taiwan and assimilation, 1895-1945". Curtin University of Technology, Department of Language and Intercultural Education, 2004. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15269.

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This thesis explores the subject of Japanese colonial language education in Taiwan and assimilation between 1895 and 1945. It examines the overall nature of Japanese colonial rule in Taiwan through its colonial policies, followed by a review of the history of Japanese colonial language education in Taiwan, the investigation of the Japanese colonial position on language education and assimilation, the establishment of the implementation of Japanese language education in Taiwan in areas of teaching methodologies and textbook compilation, and the determination of the effects of Japanese language education on assimilation in Taiwan. The thesis further seeks to determine the link between a Taiwanese identity and the Taiwanese who were ruled and educated under Japanese colonial rule. The views of both the elite and common Taiwanese who lived through the colonial era are examined.The aim of this thesis is to test the hypothesis whether Japanese colonial education in Taiwan achieved assimilation among the Taiwanese as claimed by Japanese colonial authorities. Through the official facts and figures provided by Japanese colonial authorities, they seemed to prove a successful case of assimilation among the Taiwanese. However, through close scrutiny of these official facts and figures and reality backed up by the oral accounts of the Taiwanese and conscientious observations by the Japanese, it is found that the claims made by Japanese colonial authorities in the case of assimilation through Japanese language education are highly contestable. By interviewing those who experienced Japanese language education during the colonial period, further insights into the formation of post-colonial Taiwanese identities are gained. This study contributes to studies on Taiwans subsequent socio-linguistic developments in the post-colonial period.

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Thompson, Guy. "'Native' policy in colonial Zimbabwe, 1923-1938". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56911.

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In the period between the granting of self-government in 1923 and 1938, the 'native' policy formulated by Europeans in colonial Zimbabwe had three dimensions. The first was a land and agricultural policy designed to restrict competition from Africans in the produce market. The second was a labour policy addressed at the chronic labour shortages in the European mining and agricultural sectors. The third was a series of control measures seeking to impede black political organization. The goals of these policies were largely achieved by 1938 due to a combination of government initiatives and the impact of the depression. Part of this success was directly due to the effects of the depression; as economic conditions improved, Africans regained some of their economic autonomy and reasserted themselves politically.

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Da, Silva Bernadette A. (Bernadette Ann). "The post-colonial state : Uganda 1962-1971". Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66068.

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Ferraz, Susana. "Espaço público de Luanda : património arquitectónico colonial angolano e português". Dissertação, Porto : FAUP, 2005. http://catalogo.up.pt/F?func=find-b&local_base=UPB01&find_code=SYS&request=000105891.

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Pacheco, Carmen. "O pensamento económico colonial de António Lobo Almada Negreiros : (1868-1939)". Dissertação, Porto : [Edição do Autor], 2004. http://aleph.letras.up.pt/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&request=000162875.

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Desbarats, Catherine M. (Catherine Macleod). "Colonial government finances in New France, 1700-1750". Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41576.

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This thesis considers government finances in New France during the first half of the eighteenth century. By looking directly at government accounts from Canada and l'Ile Royale, and at the administrative structures which gave rise to them, it seeks to reconcile ostensibly rival quantitative and 'administrative' approaches to the literature on France's Ancien regime finances. Evidence is found to suggest that colonial finances emerged as an integral part of French naval finances, not as a result of deliberate policy, but as a by-product of the continued presence of naval troops in the colonies and of the early failure of the Domaine d'Occident to generate net revenue flows to France. Especially in the case of Canada, the accounts of the colonial branch of the naval treasury do not yield a continuous series of figures. Nonetheless, they provide ranges for the size, distribution and changes through time of government expenditure in the colonies, as well as indications of its importance relative to the general level of economic activity, and of the net cost to France of running its North American colonies.

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Silva, Fortunato Carvalhido da. "Representações do outro nas exposições coloniais : discursividade e reflexão museológica". Tese, Porto : [Edição do Autor], 2012. http://aleph.letras.up.pt/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&request=000225575.

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Este estudo diz respeito a investigação desenvolvida sobre as exposições de tipo colonial em Portugal, no período compreendido entre as duas Guerras Mundiais, procura demonstrar uma forma diferente de abordar "a representação do outro", segundo urn modelo crítico e que se enquadra num posicionamento póscolonial. O fenómeno das exposições que se difundiu pelo mundo ocidental, e sobre os quais existem diversos estudos, não passou despercebido em Portugal levando-o a realizar a Exposição Colonial do Porto (1934) e a Exposição Mundo Português (1940). Foram acontecimentos marcantes, locais "efémeros" (Greenhalgh, 1988), espaços característicos da "era imperial" (Hoffenberg, 2001 ), locais privilegiados que abordaram temas como Cultura, Nação e Raça, consagrando urn novo discurso colonial, moldando o indivíduo as necessidades e objetivos do novo estado. É enquadrado neste contexto que se desenrolou este estudo que aprofunda a análise ao discurso colonial e ideológico, gerador de uma representação distinta. Uma das vertentes relevantes do póscolonialismo e do discurso colonial são as relações da ideo1ogia e poder, vertentes que estarão no centro de todo o debate, atraves da memória cultural registada em textos e imagens da época. Para a análise da relação do discurso e ideologia com a vertente expositiva, e adequada a utilização de uma metodologia que faça a contextualização das relações sociais e culturais, e nao apenas uma análise visual ou uma análise literária dos conteúdos, com estas preocupações desenvolveu-se a adaptação de urn modelo, o de Thompson (1990). Este estudo espera trazer novas retlexões sobre a construção do discurso colonial e a memória cultural, utilizando uma metodologia com potencial para analisar o passado mas tambem o presente e o futuro (Thompson, 1995); algo essencial a museologia e no caso em concreto, a análise de imagem e texto. [...]

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Chowdhury, Rashed. "Negotiating identity : the Shī'ite ulama and the colonial state in Iraq, 1914-1924". Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99581.

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This thesis deals with the political role of the Shi`te ulama in Iraq between the British invasion of 1914 and the expulsion of leading Shi`ite mujtahids from Iraq by King Fayṣal I in 1924. The thesis argues that the conception of identity propagated by the Shi`te mujtahids underwent a transformation during this period. Whereas the mujtahids stressed the need for Islamic unity and encouraged an Iraqi national identity in the early years of this period, in later years some of them formulated a sect-based Iraqi Shi`ite identity in response to discrimination in favour of Sunnis by the monarchy.

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Livros sobre o assunto "Colonial fund"

Mehta, Balraj. India and the neo-colonial order. New Delhi: Har-Anand Publications, 1993.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act respecting claims under the Consolidated municipal loan fund act. Quebec: Hunter, Rose & Lemieux, 2003.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act relating to the sinking fund for the Imperial Guaranteed Loan. Quebec: Thompson, 2002.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act to amend the act intituled "An act respecting the consolidated municipal loan fund". Quebec: Hunter, Rose & Lemieux, 2003.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act to enable the public servants of the province to establish a superannuation and annuity fund. [Québec]: S. Derbishire & G. Desbarats, 2003.

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Democracy and development in Africa. Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution, 1996.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act to authorize the town of Sarnia to issue debentures for redeeming some of their outstanding debentures for which no sinking fund has been provided. Quebec: Hunter, Rose & Lemieux, 2003.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act to amend the act intituled, "An act respecting the consolidated municipal loan fund," as to the distribution of the moneys arising from the Clergy Reserves. Quebec: Hunter, Rose & Lemieux, 2003.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act to provide for the consolidation and liquidation of certain debts of the town of Guelph not affected by the act respecting the Consolidated municipal loan fund. Quebec: Thompson, 2003.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act to enable the corporation of the town of Dundas to consolidate the debt of the said town, and provide a sinking fund for the redemption thereof. Toronto: J. Lovell, 2003.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Colonial fund"

Dimier, Véronique. "The European Development Fund, a Dowry for French Companies?" In Cambridge Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies, 241–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51106-7_9.

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Rengasamey, Pushpavalli A. "The Inception and Internal Workings of the Tamil Immigration Fund in British Malaya, 1907–1938". In Revisiting Colonialism and Colonial Labour, 70–88. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003304319-5.

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Omolewa, Michael, Ruphina U. Nwachukwu e Anne Ruhweza Katahoire. "Liberation, Empowerment and Decolonisation through Adult Education in Africa". In Adult Education and Social Justice: International Perspectives, 95–106. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0253-4.13.

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Adult Education is an interdisciplinary field that often includes a focus on social justice issues and thus prompts a liberation, empowerment, and decolonisation approach to adult education. The purpose of this chapter is to report findings from informed by the papers of Lalage Bown held by the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford, and the British Library. The chapter explores the concepts and nexuses of liberation empowerment and decolonisation through Adult Education in Africa. It addresses liberation and empowerment in the life of Lalage Bown in Africa, and her life and family background. It also explores her perceptions on decolonisation and the key reasons why she fought for the oppressed through Adult Education during her stay in Africa. The paper examines Lalage Bown’s work experiences in different universities in Africa – including Nigeria – Britain, and her new ideas, including her approach to colonisation, Colonial Development and Welfare Fund. Finally, it discusses Lalage Bown’s Legacy.

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Thyen, Kressen, e Klaus Schlichte. "Appropriating the Colonial State: The Emergence of Social Insurance in Tunisia and Uganda". In Global Dynamics of Social Policy, 169–201. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91088-4_6.

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AbstractIn most African countries, social insurance has played a limited role in ensuring social protection for the wider populace. Based on a most-dissimilar case comparison of Tunisia and Uganda, we argue that the segmented and exclusive social insurance systems go back to colonial social policies. Original colonial pension schemes emerged via imperial staffing, the employment of “indigenous” public service and military personnel. With decolonisation, the appropriation of colonial structures and policies perpetuated the segmented feature of social insurance. Its expansion into the private sector after independence was mediated by two context-specific mechanisms: labour incorporation in more industrialised economies led to broader social insurance coverage, which could not be realised via insurance funds in the logic of top-down public resource accumulation.

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McCulloch, Jock, e Pavla Miller. "Tuberculosis and Migrant Labour in the High Commission Territories: Bechuanaland: 1885–1998". In Mining Gold and Manufacturing Ignorance, 197–229. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8327-6_8.

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AbstractBritain acquired the High Commission Territories (HCTs) of Bechuanaland, Basutoland and Swaziland largely as a result of conflict with the Boer Republics around the turn of the twentieth century. The Territories were poor, had dispersed rural populations and few natural resources. Britain administered the HCTs on the principle that expenditure should not exceed the revenue obtained through taxation and made little investment in basic services and infrastructure. Generating sufficient revenue was a constant problem. The HCTs were starved of funds for essential services, and they soon became dependent upon the revenue from contracting labour to the gold mines. Selling migrant labour, however, came at a cost. From as early as 1912, the annual medical reports from the three Territories suggested that the mines were spreading tuberculosis into vulnerable populations. Medical repatriations were one of the obvious costs of a system in which a physical elite travelled south and, having served their contracts, returned home seriously ill. This chapter examines the interplay between colonial taxation, oscillating migration to the gold mines, the poverty of local communities and the emergent TB epidemic in Bechuanaland. The imposition and subsequent lifting of the ban on the recruitment of tropical labour and continuing tensions over recruiting at local and governmental levels are then linked to the developments of the medical system and compensation regimes.

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"4 The management of the Joint Colonial Fund and the Joint Miscellaneous Fund". In Managing British Colonial and Post-Colonial Development, 97–114. Boydell and Brewer, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781846155673-008.

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Hardwick, Joseph. "The Colonial Bishoprics' Fund and the contest over colonial Church reform". In An Anglican British world, 99–131. Manchester University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719087226.003.0004.

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Hardwick, Joseph. "The Colonial Bishoprics’ Fund and the contest over colonial Church reform". In An Anglican British World. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7765/9780719097126.00010.

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Morey, Maribel. "Paying for Our Well-Meant Attempts to Govern Subject Races". In White Philanthropy, 35–57. University of North Carolina Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469664743.003.0003.

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Focusing on Carnegie Corporation’s first grant in colonial Africa under President Frederick P. Keppel’s leadership, this chapter argues that Keppel took a careful initial step in developing and expanding the corporation’s funding agenda in Africa. In his first grant in colonial Africa, Keppel not only relied on fellow board member James Bertram’s reading of Andrew Carnegie’s intentions as a funder in “white communities” in the British Empire, but Keppel decided to fund a model of education for Black people that was well supported and advocated by his peers at the Rockefeller organizations and the Phelps Stokes Fund.

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Rule, Pauline. "Chinese Engagement with the Australian Colonial Charity Model". In Chinese Diaspora Charity and the Cantonese Pacific, 1850-1949, 138–53. Hong Kong University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888528264.003.0008.

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This chapter examines the Chinese response to the need of the people of Victoria, in the southeastern corner of Australia, to continually raise funds to support their charitable institutions. Resolved to avoid the taxes associated with a state based system of caring for the sick, elderly and poor, the settlers of Victoria established institutions that required public support. Fund raising was a constant concern resulting in frequent public events for charities, such as processions, fairs and grand bazaars. Chinese communities generously participated in these events and proved to be great assets for fundraising committees. They fashioned a means to utilize western fascination with the splendor of aspects of Chinese culture, to serve Victoria’s need to support its charitable institutions. The costumes, and acrobatic and martial arts traditions of Cantonese opera were publicly displayed and demonstrated to extensive gatherings. Eventually the processing of a Chinese dragon was also used to attract crowds to charity events. Despite the restrictions that the host society placed on Chinese immigration the Chinese in Melbourne and various Victorian country towns readily expended considerable energy and money in responding to frequent calls for their involvement in charity events.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Colonial fund"

Eremia, Nicolae, Olga Coseleva e Fliur Macaev. "Utilizarea biostimulatorului Cobalstev în hrana albinelor în perioada de primăvară". In Scientific and practical conference with international participation: "Management of the genetic fund of animals – problems, solutions, outlooks". Scientific Practical Institute of Biotechnologies in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61562/mgfa2023.11.

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One of the main stages of beekeeping is stimulating the early development of bee colonies in the spring. Of particular relevance is the search for new bioregulators that can stimulate the development and increase the productivity of bee colonies. The purpose of the research is to determine the influence of the CobalStev biostimulator administered in bee food on the growth, development and productivity of bee families. It was revealed that the optimal dose of CobalStev biostimulator in bee feed, in the spring period, in the absence of maintenance honey collection, is 2.0 ml/L of sugar syrup. The use of the method of feeding bees in the spring period in the absence of maintenance honey collection, when the reserves in the nest are reduced, with a mixture of sugar syrup 1:1 in the amount of 1.0 L of the mixture for a family of bees, over every 7 days, starting in April until the main harvest, increases the strength of bee colonies by 7.34%, the number of hatched broods by 16.81% and honey production by 9.77%.

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Nugroho, Arifin Suryo, e Saefurrohman. "Indonesian Women’s Image on Newspaper Advertisement in Japanese Colonial Era: A Historical Multi-Modality Study". In Proceedings of the 4th Progressive and Fun Education International Conference (PFEIC 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/pfeic-19.2019.2.

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Golban, Rita. "Aspecte privind implicarea speciilor microbiene în fermentațiile din produsele lactate". In Scientific and practical conference with international participation: "Management of the genetic fund of animals – problems, solutions, outlooks". Scientific Practical Institute of Biotechnologies in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61562/mgfa2023.53.

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n the present research were investigated some microbiological aspects of the microflora of some assortments of dairy products regarding the involvement of microbial species in fermentation processes in various periods of refrigeration according to the scheme of laboratory microbiological conduct. The registered results through the evaluations of the number of colonies in dairy products determined by the species Streptococcus lactis, in various refrigeration periods regarding the quantitative study as well as its importance in the lactic fermentation, allowed us to obtain relevant knowledge specific to the microbiology of food products. Isolation of the species from dairy products of different varieties determined a favorable saprophytic microflora in the bacteriological study of microbial cultures on culture media in different periods of refrigeration and microscopic in-dices of streptococcal cells specific to the species.

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Zhou, Brian, e Alvan Caleb Arulandu. "A Discourse-Driven Intervention Recommendation Framework for United Nations Peacekeeping in Post-Colonial Africa". In 10th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence & Applications. Academy & Industry Research Collaboration Center, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2023.131927.

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The United Nations (UN) is the foremost international body helping uphold world peace through peacekeeping missions, ranging from deployments that enforce peace treaties, monitor conflicts, and protect civilians; However, determining when and how to intervene is complex. The updated UN General Debate Corpus (UNGDC), cataloging every speech from the UN's inception in 1946 to 2022, is a treasure trove of national policy, as the UNGD is the only body where every country can speak. We propose a discourse-driven intervention recommendation framework that categorizes ongoing conflicts based on UN precedent and recommends the magnitude of funds and forces that should be committed to addressing a conflict. We employ natural language processing techniques to tokenize, preprocess, and analyze word stem frequencies in the UNGDC, generating a timeseries of the number of UN mentions for any given country. Paired with historical analysis, we show that debate in the UNGDC is a potent indicator to determine UN intervention and response mechanisms for conflicts in Africa; further, by aggregating mention statistics across periods of active conflict, we provide quantitative backing for the correlation of mention dynamics and the presence of an active conflict, for a given country. Finally, we present and test an interpretable, shallow decision tree model that can perform intervention type classification and response magnitude recommendation with 91.7% accuracy. Our results, established by computational experiments and statistical testing, suggest that corpus analysis and broader computational diplomacy methods can drive intervention recommendations to improve the UN’s decision-making.

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Trofymchuk, Oleksandr, Natalia Sheviakina e Olha Tomchenko. "DESTRUCTION OF THE KAKHOVKA RESERVOIR AS A RESULT OF HOSTILITIES: DYNAMICS OF CHANGE AND CONSEQUENCES FOR THE ENVIRONMENT". In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/3.2/s12.11.

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The results of the study of the dynamics of changes in the territory of the Kakhovka reservoir before and after the explosion of the dam on June 6, 2023 are presented. This led to the destruction of the Kakhovka reservoir and the sharp flooding of significant areas downstream of the Dnieper River, including the delta. The analysis was carried out on two indicators: the water surface area and the water level. As a result of the analysis of space images, it was found that the area of the Kakhovka reservoir decreased by 80% from its original. The results of the analysis of the flooded area downstream of the Dnieper River from the dam showed that the water surface area at the peak of flooding increased 3.7 times and the water level has increased from 1 to 7 m above sea level. The destruction of the Kakhovka reservoir affected the fish population, local bird populations and nesting colonies of migratory birds, the bottom (benthos) and terrestrial fauna, the flora of the reservoir and the flora of the Dnieper River Delta. This disaster affected rare types of biotopes, there was also a decrease in the delta islands and partially their destruction. The lower reaches of the tributaries of the Dnieper River were flooded. The territories of the nature reserve fund, environmental objects and wetlands of international importance and the territories of the Emerald Network were especially affected. Contaminated fresh water came to the Black Sea. All this has disastrous consequences for the environment.

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