Livros: "Clozapine"

1

author, Taylor David, ed. Clozapine handbook. Dorsington: Lloyd-Reinhold Communications, 2013.

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2

1941-, Jones Barry, Lapierre Yvon D, Canadian Psychiatric Association Meeting, Royal Society of Medicine Services (Great Britain) e Sandoz Canada, eds. Clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: A scientific update. London: Royal Society of Medicine Services, 1992.

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3

Y, Meltzer Herbert, ed. Clozapine: A 5-year perspective and clinical recommendations. Memphis, TN: Physicians Postgraduate Press, 1996.

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4

Glennie, Judith. Pharmacoeconomic evaluations of clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia and risperidone in chronic schizophrenia. Ottawa, Ont: Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, 1997.

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5

Masellis, Mario. Pharmacogenetic analysis of serotonin receptors and clinical response to clozapine in schizophrenia patients. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999.

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6

Deborah, Nasper Ellen, ed. Return from madness: Psychotherapy with people taking the new anti-psychotic medications and emerging from severe, lifelong, and disabling schizophrenia. Northvale, N.J: Aronson, 1996.

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7

Naber, D., F. Müller-Spahn e F. G. Pajonk, eds. Clozapin. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60551-2.

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8

Therapy-resistant schizophrenia. Basel: Karger, 2010.

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9

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust, Monopolies, and Business Rights. Marketing of Clozaril: Improved safety or barrier to access : hearing before the Subcommittee on Antitrust, Monopolies and Business Rights of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, first session, on the marketing of Clozaril, a drug for the treatment of schizophrenia, March 5, 1991. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.

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10

Naber, Dieter, e Franz Müller-Spahn, eds. Clozapin Pharmakologie und Klinik eines atypischen Neuroleptikums. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93547-3.

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11

Naber, Dieter, e Franz Müller-Spahn, eds. Clozapin Pharmakologie und Klinik eines atypischen Neuroleptikums. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93565-7.

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12

Sirfy, Ahmad. Dopamimetische Psychose bei Patienten mit idiopathischem Parkinson-Syndrom und verwandten Erkrankungen - eine retrospektive Analyse der Clozapin-Plasmaspiegel, der Dosis-Spiegel-Relation und Einflussfaktoren auf die Clozapin-Plasmaspiegel bei bestehender Clozapin-Medikation. [S.l: s.n.], 2013.

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13

Clozapine Handbook: Stahl's Handbooks. Cambridge University Press, 2019.

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14

Clozapine: The atypical antipsychotic. London: Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1992.

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15

Meyer, Jonathan M., e Stephen M. Stahl. Clozapine Handbook: Stahl's Handbooks. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2021.

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16

Lane, Chadrick, e Vinod H. Srihari. Clozapine for Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia. Editado por Ish P. Bhalla, Rajesh R. Tampi, Vinod H. Srihari e Michael E. Hochman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190625085.003.0040.

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This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study on the pharmacologic management of treatment-resistant schizophrenia. This clinical trial, conducted by Kane and colleagues, asks whether clozapine is an effective option in the care of patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia who have not responded to past trials of first-generation antipsychotics. To answer this question, the chapter reviews the basics of the study, including funding sources, study location, inclusion and exclusion criteria, number of participants, research design, interventions, follow-up, endpoints, results, criticisms, and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.

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17

Barron, Daniel, e Noah Capurso. Clozapine for Suicidality in Schizophrenia. Editado por Ish P. Bhalla, Rajesh R. Tampi, Vinod H. Srihari e Michael E. Hochman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190625085.003.0046.

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Patients with schizophrenia have a 50% risk of a suicide attempt during their life, with a nearly an estimated 10% risk of completed suicide. Decreasing this risk is an urgent clinical concern. This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study on how to reduce suicidality in patients with schizophrenia, specifically whether clozapine reduces suicidal events in patients with schizophrenia. This chapter describes the outline of the study, including fundings sources, study locations, the patient population and how many were studied, the study design and intervention through to follow-up, endpoints, results, and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.

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18

Rohde, Christopher, e Jimmi Nielsen. Managing common adverse effects of clozapine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198828761.003.0007.

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Adverse effects during clozapine treatment are common, and can be divided into very common (>10%: constipation, weight gain, metabolic side effects, sedation, and sialorrhea), common (1–10%: seizures and enuresis), and cardiac (sinus tachycardia, electrocardiogram abnormalities, and orthostatic hypotension) adverse effects. Most adverse effects are benign, but often reduce the quality of life for the patient, leading to reduced adherence and thereby psychotic relapse. As a consequence, treatment of these adverse effects is important and should not be neglected. In this chapter, we present specific treatment strategies for each adverse effect. In addition, we also emphasize that, by applying simple general managing strategies, such as reducing the clozapine dose, re-arranging the dose, or augmentation with another antipsychotic drug, many of these adverse effects can be avoided or reduced, which should reduce the need for specific rescue medications.

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19

Yuen, Eunice, e Cenk Tek. Effectiveness of Clozapine versus Other Atypical Antipsychotics. Editado por Ish P. Bhalla, Rajesh R. Tampi, Vinod H. Srihari e Michael E. Hochman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190625085.003.0041.

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This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study on adult patients with schizophrenia. Discussion here is based on the investigation from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials for Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE). What is the role of clozapine among patients with chronic schizophrenia who fail to respond to atypical antipsychotics? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.

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20

Lerner, Vladimir. Clozapine: Medical Uses, Interactions and Side Effects. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.

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21

Chanoch, Miodownik, Amir Krivoy e Vladimir Lerner. Clozapine: Medical Uses, Interactions and Side Effects. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.

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22

Leponex: Informationen für Betroffene, ihre Angehörigen und Freunde. Kössen, Germany: Pm-Verlag, 2007.

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23

Brown, Julia. Clozapine Clinic: Health Agency in High-Risk Conditions. Taylor & Francis Group, 2022.

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24

Brown, Julia E. H. Clozapine Clinic: Health Agency in High-Risk Conditions. Routledge, 2022.

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25

Brown, Julia. Clozapine Clinic: Health Agency in High-Risk Conditions. Taylor & Francis Group, 2022.

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26

Brown, Julia. Clozapine Clinic: Health Agency in High-Risk Conditions. Taylor & Francis Group, 2022.

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27

Yang, Yvonne, e Stephen Marder. Pharmacological management of treatment-resistant schizophrenia: fundamentals of clozapine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198828761.003.0006.

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Evidence from controlled clinical trials supports the prescribing of clozapine for patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). Early studies focused on severely ill TRS patients. More recent studies indicate that clozapine can be effective for patients who are relatively stable but are burdened by persistent psychotic symptoms. Clozapine treatment is associated with a substantial side effect burden, including sedation, orthostasis, weight gain, constipation, and seizures. In addition, because of a risk of potentially fatal agranulocytosis, clozapine patients require regular monitoring of their neutrophil count. Measuring clozapine plasma concentrations can be helpful in managing patients with severe side effects and those with an inadequate clinical response. A trial of clozapine should consist of a minimum duration of 12 weeks.

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28

Barnes, Thomas R. E. Pharmacological management of treatment-resistant schizophrenia: alternatives to clozapine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198828761.003.0009.

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Other than for clozapine, there are no pharmacological interventions with robust evidence of a positive benefit–risk balance for the treatment-resistant schizophrenia. For patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, there is usually little to be gained, in comparison to switching the antipsychotic to clozapine, from alternatives such as a further switch to a non-clozapine antipsychotic medication, the prescription of high-dose or combined antipsychotic medications, or the augmentation of continuing antipsychotic medication with other medications, such as antidepressants, mood stabilizers, or benzodiazepines. However, where these are tried, each initiation of high-dose or combined antipsychotic medication or an augmentation strategy should be treated as an individual trial and appropriately monitored and reviewed, with discontinuation in case of inefficacy or benefit that is outweighed by safety or tolerability concerns.

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29

Clozapine congeners: Structural requirements for dopamine D4 receptor selectivity. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995.

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30

Gee, Siobhan, e David Taylor. Pharmacological management of treatment-resistant schizophrenia: advanced use of clozapine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198828761.003.0008.

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Clozapine is licensed in the UK for use in treatment-resistant schizophrenia, treatment-intolerant schizophrenia, or psychosis associated with Parkinson’s disease. As with many drugs, it is also used outside of these licensing parameters for other conditions or clinical situations—often referred to as ‘off-label’ prescribing. These off-label indications have varying degrees of theoretical support, peer-reviewed evidence, and practical experience associated with them. This chapter discusses the use of clozapine for children and adolescents, older adults, and in the treatment of aggression and mood disorders. The use of supramaximal doses of clozapine to achieve therapeutic plasma concentrations is also off-label, although adding interacting medication to reach the same result is not; these contrasting approaches are also debated. Finally, rechallenging with clozapine in patients who have previously had serious adverse events to the drug is also considered.

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31

Lapierre, Y. Clozapine in Treatment-resistant Schizophrenia: A Scientifid Update (International Congress & Symposium). Royal Society of Medicine Press Ltd, 1992.

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32

Publications, ICON Health. Clozapine - A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References. ICON Health Publications, 2004.

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33

Bond, Stephen. Impact of the pharmacist on resource utilization in an outpatient adult clozapine clinic. 1996.

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34

Rowling, Corene. CLOZAPINE: A Prescription Drug Used to Treat a Schizoaffective Disorders or Psychotic Mood Issue. Independently Published, 2019.

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35

Remington, Gary, Ofer Agid, Hiroyoshi Takeuchi, Jimmy Lee e Araba Chintoh. Ultra-treatment resistance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198828761.003.0012.

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Ultra-treatment resistance or ultra-resistant schizophrenia is defined as describing individuals who meet criteria for treatment-resistant schizophrenia and receive an adequate trial of clozapine in the absence of other confounding factors that might compromise response (e.g. substance abuse, antipsychotic non-adherence), but demonstrate a suboptimal response. Because the definition currently hinges on a trial of clozapine, ‘clozapine-resistant schizophrenia’ has also been proposed as a more precise descriptor. This chapter reviews issues specific to classifying this subpopulation, including existing criteria and challenges in their clinical application. It also underscores the importance of this conceptual framework in terms of better understanding schizophrenia’s heterogeneity and the opportunity to establish different pathophysiological subtypes, in this case based on treatment response. It reviews existing evidence specific to this sample, which at this point is limited as only recently have efforts begun to isolate these individuals for the purpose of investigation. Finally, it highlights the dynamic nature of this strategy, since gains in understanding will demand that the framework, terminology, and criteria be continuously revisited and revised.

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36

Hwang, Rudi. Pharmacogenetic analysis of dopamine receptor gene polymorphisms and clinical response to clozapine in patients with schizophrenia. 2006.

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37

Howes, Oliver, ed. Treatment Response and Resistance in Schizophrenia. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198828761.001.0001.

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Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders are common mental illnesses, but their treatment is complex. This book provides a state-of-the-art overview of their treatment, with a focus on the real-world challenges faced by clinicians and patients. It brings together contributions from leading experts from around the world to cover key conceptual issues, including how to evaluate response, the nature of treatment resistance, ultra-medication (clozapine) treatment resistance, and pseudo-resistance, and how to choose a first-line antipsychotic drug that maximizes response and minimizes side effects. It also covers how to use clozapine, and alternatives to it, the use of family interventions and cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis, and treatment strategies where clozapine has not worked, as well as new drugs and non-pharmacological treatments in the pipeline. All contributions are based on the latest evidence, focusing on systematic reviews and meta-analyses, where available, but are informed throughout by the authors’ clinical experience. This is brought together in a section where the evidence is applied to real-world clinical scenarios from the authors’ own practice. Overall, readers will gain a thorough understanding of the clinical challenges, the latest evidence in the field, and how to apply it to give patients the best chance of getting better.

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38

Abbas, Atheir I., e Jeffrey A. Lieberman. Pharmacological Treatments for Schizophrenia. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780199342211.003.0006.

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Schizophrenia, a chronic mental disorder, has a lifetime prevalence rate of approximately 1%. The first antipsychotic drug, chlorpromazine, was introduced in 1954, followed by several similar drugs. With the introduction of clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, aripiprazole, and more recently paliperidone, iloperidone, asenapine, and lurasidone, antipsychotic drugs are often classified as first generation or typical (chlorpromazine-like) versus second generation or atypical (clozapine-like), although the distinction between the two classes, particularly with respect to efficacy, is not as meaningful as initially believed. Both classes have been demonstrated to safely improve psychotic symptoms in the acute phase of the illness and to reduce the risk of relapse in the maintenance phase of treatment. Because of the limited efficacy of antipsychotics in resolving the full range of schizophrenic psychopathology, adjunctive treatments are often used to reduce morbidity. This chapter reviews controlled trials of the pharmacological agents used to treat schizophrenia.

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39

Smith, Robert C., Stefan Leucht e John M. Davis. Maximizing response to first-line antipsychotics in schizophrenia. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198828761.003.0003.

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The choice of first-line antipsychotic treatment for patients with schizophrenia should balance considerations of differential efficacy of antipsychotics against the relative risk of different side effects. In terms of efficacy, recent meta-analyses have shown that antipsychotics are not equivalent in efficacy. Clozapine, amisulpride, olanzapine, and risperidone show small to moderate, but statistically significant, differences, indicating greater efficacy compared to a number of other antipsychotics on some primary efficacy outcome measures. Amisulpride and cariprazine have the strongest evidence for greater efficacy for treating negative symptoms relative to other antipsychotics. In terms of side effects, clozapine and olanzapine have among the highest weight gain potential and amisulpride has more effects on QTc prolongation and prolactin elevation than other commonly used antipsychotics. Adjunctive treatment with an antidepressant drug may improve response in patients with schizophrenia who also have severe depressive or negative symptoms. For a patient with an inadequate response to an adequate dose and duration of the initial antipsychotic choice, switching to another antipsychotic with a different receptor profile may improve response, although evidence is limited. There is little evidence to support using doses above the therapeutic range other than in exceptional circumstances.

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40

Burns, Tom, e Mike Firn. The role of medication. Editado por Tom Burns e Mike Firn. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754237.003.0007.

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This chapter focuses mainly on the importance of maintenance antipsychotic medication and mood stabilizers. It examines procedures to support persistence with these drugs and maintain engagement. The techniques for initiating and monitoring clozapine therapy in the community for patients with resistant schizophrenia are outlined. The practical processes for ensuring and conducting regular structured reviews of long-term medication, both to assess progress and to identify side effects, are described in detail. In addition, the judicious use of antidepressants and benzodiazepines is outlined.

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41

Burns, Tom, e Mike Firn. Schizophrenia and delusional disorders. Editado por Tom Burns e Mike Firn. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754237.003.0015.

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Schizophrenia is the iconic mental illness. This chapter describes the evolution of the concept by doctors in the early mental hospitals through to modern classifications of its subtypes. The nature/nurture controversy has been particularly fraught in schizophrenia and the possible role of the family in its genesis is considered in detail. Explanatory models such as the ‘schizophrenogenic mother’ and the ‘double bind’, although now only historical, are described because of their hold on the popular imagination. Family factors (‘expressed emotion’) in the maintenance of the disorder are also considered. The role of maintenance medication, clozapine, the identification of relapse signatures, early intervention, and psychosocial interventions are also described.

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42

Schulz, S. Charles, e Robert O. Friedel. Established and Novel Pharmacological Approaches to the Treatment of Personality Disorders. Editado por Christian Schmahl, K. Luan Phan, Robert O. Friedel e Larry J. Siever. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199362318.003.0016.

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In the past few decades, the widely held belief of personality disorder patients being unresponsive to medication has been challenged. This chapter first reviews the current knowledge on medication for patients with personality disorders and then considers a number of novel pharmacological approaches that may yield additional beneficial results in the treatment of these disorders. It utilizes the neuroscience-based nomenclature for psychotropic agents, in which the presumptive modes and mechanisms of action of each drug form the basis of the nomenclature. A special emphasis of the chapter is laid on the role of clozapine in the treatment of personality disorders as well as new findings in the areas of pharmacogenetics and epigenetics.

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43

Ellison, Justin C., Jason B. Rosenstock e Michael J. Marcsisin. Somatic Treatments for Psychotic Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199331505.003.0006.

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A variety of somatic therapies can be used to treat individuals suffering from psychosis. Most commonly, providers will prescribe antipsychotics, which generally block dopamine receptors and are particularly useful at reducing positive symptoms. Second-generation antipsychotics have fewer movement side effects than older agents do, but they are more expensive and have more metabolic side effects. Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics can be useful for improving outcomes, especially in non-adherent patients, and clozapine is the gold standard for treatment-refractory psychosis. Other agents may be useful for adjunct therapy, or in early psychosis, such as antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and benzodiazepines. In this chapter, we will also review other somatic therapies such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and other neuromodulation approaches.

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44

Rose, Raquel, e Nicolette Molina. Interventions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190260859.003.0010.

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Despite the fact that suicide is one of the leading causes of death in the United States, there are currently no US Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for suicidal behavior. However, interventions that provide potentially effective treatment are available. This chapter explores medications and biological interventions as well as psychosocial, alternative, and app/Internet-based interventions. The section on medications and biological interventions covers clozapine, lithium, and ketamine. The psychosocial intervention section covers dialectical behavior therapy, cognitive–behavioral therapy for suicidal patients (CBT-SP), Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS), attachment-based family therapy, and safety planning. The section on alternative and Internet-based interventions covers mindfulness meditation as well as online applications that can act as supplements to traditional treatments. The chapter concludes with a reminder of the importance of suicide risk assessment and clinician self-care in suicide prevention.

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45

Douglas, Kevin S., Tonia L. Nicholls e Johann Brink. Interventions for the Reduction of Violence by Persons with Serious Mental Illnesses. Editado por Phillip M. Kleespies. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199352722.013.34.

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Violence perpetrated by persons with serious mental illness (SMI), although certainly not the norm among this group, is of clinical and legal import in numerous legal settings. Among these are civil commitment, forensic psychiatry (insanity acquittees), and the criminal justice system. In this chapter, we provide a critical review of interventions and their empirical support that are used to reduce violence among persons with SMI. Promising findings support the use of cognitive behavioral, social learning, and cognitive skills approaches that are consistent with the Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) approach to crime and violence prevention. Anger management remains a promising, focused intervention with reasonable support in the literature. Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) has substantial general support. Community-based mandatory service programs such as outpatient commitment and mental health courts appear effective. Finally, the evidence base for the violence-reducing effect of certain psychotropic medication, particularly clozapine, is promising yet inconsistent.

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46

Tracy, Derek K., e Fiona Gaughran. Treatment with medication: Side effects, adherence, and risk. Editado por Alec Buchanan e Lisa Wootton. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198738664.003.0009.

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Antipsychotic medications revolutionized the care of psychosis, but they have brought with them significant side effects and issues around adherence; these latter factors, and informed co-working with patients, are primary drivers for specific medication choices. The data remain limited for polypharmacy and above-maximum dose prescribing, though there may be individuals for whom this is considered. Long-acting injectables (LAIs or ‘depots’) have a good evidence base, and are probably underutilized, though clozapine remains our drug of choice in refractory illness. Forensic-population data show that medications significantly reduce recidivism, including of violent crime. Whilst side effect data are disheartening for both patient and clinician, there are rational management strategies for them all. Novel future therapies being evaluated include acetylcholinergic and glutamatergic enhancers, anti-inflammatory drugs, and the neural peptide oxytocin, to improve negative and cognitive functioning; neuromodulation through rTMS and tDCS are also showing early promise.

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47

(Editor), Bart A. Ellenbroek, e Alexander R. Cools (Editor), eds. Atypical Antipsychotics (Milestones in Drug Therapy). Birkhäuser Basel, 2000.

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48

Naber, Dieter, Franz Müller-Spahn e F. G. Pajonk. Clozapin: Pharmakologie und Klinik Eines Atypischen Neuroleptikums. Springer London, Limited, 2013.

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49

Naber, Dieter, Franz Müller-Spahn e F. G. Pajonk. Clozapin: Pharmakologie und Klinik Eines Atypischen Neuroleptikums. Springer, 1997.

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50

(Editor), Dieter Naber, e Franz Müller-Spahn (Editor), eds. Clozapin. Pharmakologie und Klinik eines atypischen Neuroleptikums: Neuere Aspekte der klinischen Praxis. Springer, 1996.

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Livros sobre o tema "Clozapine"

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