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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Clitoridectomy"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 31 de julho de 2024

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Clitoridectomy"

1

Morowitz, Harold J. "Clitoridectomy". Hospital Practice 23, n.º 7 (15 de julho de 1988): 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21548331.1988.11703512.

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Kandela, Peter. "Clitoridectomy". Lancet 353, n.º 9162 (abril de 1999): 1453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)75985-7.

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THOMAS, LYNN M. "IMPERIAL CONCERNS AND ‘WOMEN'S AFFAIRS’: STATE EFFORTS TO REGULATE CLITORIDECTOMY AND ERADICATE ABORTION IN MERU, KENYA, c. 1910–1950". Journal of African History 39, n.º 1 (março de 1998): 121–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185379700710x.

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During the colonial period, European officers undertook a series of campaigns in conjunction with African officials to regulate the severity of clitoridectomy and to alter the timing of female initiation in Meru, Kenya. While their efforts to ban the more drastic forms of clitoridectomy contributed to the government's stated objective of gradually eliminating the practice, this anti-clitoridectomy stance was compromised by their parallel efforts to enforce female initiation at an earlier age in order to combat abortion. Officers attributed the apparently high prevalence of abortion in Meru to the late age at which clitoridectomy took place. Whereas in other areas of central Kenya female initiation took place prior to puberty, in Meru, it was a pre-nuptial rite. Officers observed that as ‘custom’ prohibited uninitiated females from bearing children, unexcised girls who became pregnant most often obtained abortions. To eliminate the possibility of a girl being sexually mature but unexcised, administrators enforced measures requiring girls to be excised before puberty.

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O’Connell, Helen E., Britt Haller e Venetia Hoe. "Moving from critical clitoridectomy". Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 60, n.º 5 (outubro de 2020): 637–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajo.13243.

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5

Kang, Oksun. "“The Sacrifice and Circumcision/Clitoridectomy, Paternal Descent.”". Literature and Religion 27, n.º 3 (30 de setembro de 2022): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14376/lar.2022.27.3.39.

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6

Kirby, Vicki. "On the cutting edge: Feminism and clitoridectomy". Australian Feminist Studies 2, n.º 5 (dezembro de 1987): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08164649.1987.9961564.

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Roberts, J. "US grants asylum to woman fleeing clitoridectomy". BMJ 312, n.º 7047 (29 de junho de 1996): 1630–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.312.7047.1630c.

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8

Ginsburg, Faye. "What Do Women Want?: Feminist Anthropology Confronts Clitoridectomy". Medical Anthropology Quarterly 5, n.º 1 (março de 1991): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/maq.1991.5.1.02a00030.

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9

Richens, Yana. "Vulvectomy and clitoridectomy: A woman's guide to FGM". British Journal of Midwifery 14, n.º 7 (julho de 2006): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2006.14.7.21426.

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10

Veale, David, e Joe Daniels. "Cosmetic Clitoridectomy in a 33-Year-Old Woman". Archives of Sexual Behavior 41, n.º 3 (12 de agosto de 2011): 725–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-011-9831-4.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Clitoridectomy"

1

Hernlund, Ylva. "Winnowing culture : negotiating female "circumcision" in the Gambia /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6474.

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2

Khaled, M. A. "Effects of female genital mutilation on childbirth". Thesis, University of South Wales, 2004. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/effects-of-female-genital-mutilation-on-childbirth(9ee22faf-9df4-4680-9da7-0bc363dbc177).html.

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Female genital mutilation (FGM) is defined by the World Health Organisation as the deliberate total or partial removal of the external female genitalia, or other deliberate injury to the female genitalia, which is carried out for non-therapeutic purposes. The practice is widely condemned. Even though the adverse effects of the practice have been well documented in many small studies and case reports, FGM is still common in many countries. The effects of this practice are also being felt in many developed countries due to substantial migration in recent years. One of the limiting factors in encouraging eradication is the availability of high quality evidence of the effects of the practice on the process of childbirth. By highlighting the effects of FGM on the process of childbirth, the objective was to encourage policy makers, in co-operation with many relevant organisations, to work together to eradicate the procedure. This original study investigates the effects of FGM on the process of childbirth using a large international epidemiological case control study involving three centres in three different countries. The inclusion criteria were strict and comprised of agreement by the woman and or her husband to participate in the study, for a normal singleton pregnancy at term with a cephalic presentation which resulted in a normal baby, for the women with and without FGM during the period of study. Women who did not fulfil these criteria were excluded. Maternal outcome measures included length of labour, obstruction to the progress of labour, operative delivery, urine retention, perineal complications, intrapartum and postpartum haemorrhage and blood loss during the process of labour. Newborn outcome measures included birth status at delivery, Apgar scores at 5 and 10 minutes, requirement for resuscitation, admission to special care unit and time taken from delivery to the first breast feed. Psychological sequelae were not assessed. The total number of participants in these three centres was 1,970 women; 526 with no FGM (control) and 1444 with different types of FGM. Every effort was taken to keep confidentiality and not to interfere with management of labour during data collection. The results indicate a highly significant difference between the two groups when comparing length of the process of labour, mode of delivery and the need for instrumental deliveries, episiotomies and tears, blood loss during and after delivery, the need for catheterisation following deliveries and duration of hospital stay following birth. Adverse effects were not confined to women and were found to have extended to the new-borns in the two groups again with highly significant difference with regard to birth trauma, requirement for resuscitation and medical attention. The time taken for the first breast contact was different in the two groups with possible effects which may be difficult to establish and require further research. The data provide clear evidence that the practice of FGM is associated with clinical adverse effects, which are not only confined to women but involve the newborn as well. It is hoped that this systematic and comprehensive collection of evidence will make a substantial contribution to the world wide effort to eradicate this harmful practice.

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3

Shermarke, Marian A. A. "Understanding the Canadian community context of female circumcision". Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23981.

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This qualitative research study explores female circumcision within the Canadian community perspective.
Issues examined in the literature review include: the historical background of the practice, its cultural and religious implications, its effects on health, existing social pressures to continue or discontinue the practice and the subjective constructions of majority and minority identities, perspectives and interactions in Canada's multicultural society.
For the purposes of this study majority/minority relations are explored in terms of the interactions between an immigrant community from a FC practicing country and the mainstream community in Canada. The Somali community has been chosen for this case study as the one best known to the author and as one in whose country of origin available statistics indicate a 98% prevalence rate of FC. Canadian mainstream reactions to this practice are analyzed through media reporting and statements from Somalis in Canada describing their interactions with the mainstream community on this issue.
Members of the Somali community in Montreal, Quebec and Ottawa, Ontario were interviewed in order to cover as wide an area as possible, including difference in provinces. The following six themes were chosen after data analysis: the Effects of FC on Health, the Cultural Orientation of FC, Religious Beliefs Regarding FC, Social Pressures, A Sense of Differentness and Efforts to Discourage the Practice of FC. These themes are discussed with special attention being paid to 'differentness' and the mechanisms or coping skills developed to deal with this complex social phenomenon which involves opposing values, beliefs and perceptions.
In its final section, the study examines the social work implications of the findings which address intercultural fears, anxieties and the dynamics of power involved in the way the FC issue has been addressed in Canada.
Practice, program and policy recommendations with regard to discouraging FC practice are made at the end of the thesis.
The study concludes with the observation that the debate around FC in Canada is much wider than the issue itself and that the practice has been sensationalized in a manner which has emphasized perceptions of differentness which exist in our society. No constructive dialogue will be possible around this issue until the issue of differentness is addressed, and mutual fears and anxieties evoked by the perception of differentness are dealt with in a sensitive manner, in both immigrant and mainstream communities.

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4

Kanyi, Wambui Wa. "The impact of the change of the rites of initiation into adulthood among the Aa-Gikuyu". Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/902495.

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Contact between the Western culture and African indigenous cultures, during the Colonial era, resulted in directional cultural changes in these cultural systems. One of the Gikuyu customs most affected by this change was the rite of passage from childhood into adulthood. This study, which was carried out through the standard anthropological technique of participant - observation and focused interviews, examined the form of change that this rite underwent and the effect of this change on the Gikuyu society. Through the cross-sectional method I traced this change in three generations based upon descent from a living Gikuyu elder.The study shows that the age-grading system, the ceremonies and functions associated with the traditional rite of passage into adulthood has virtually vanished. Female clitoridectomy has been replaced by the onset of menarche as the rite of passage into adulthood. Male circumcision has lost its significance as a rite of passage from childhood to adulthood, and is mainly practised as a rite of passage from primary school to secondary school due to peer-pressure. The disappearance of the functions associated with the traditional rite of passage into adulthood has resulted in an inadequate preparation for the adult roles. The consequence has been a high rate of social problems and a widespread dissatisfaction with the current social life among the Aa-Gikuyu.
Department of Anthropology

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5

Snively, Judith. "Female bodies, male politics : women and the female circumcision controversy in Kenyan colonial discourse". Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26124.

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At the end of the 1920s in Kenya, Protestant Missionaries, government authorities and Christian Kikuyu clashed when missionaries sought to prohibit female circumcision among their adherents. The mission discourse emphasised the negative moral and physical effects of female circumcision on individual women, while that of the government stressed the function of female circumcision in maintaining the body-politic. The colonial discourse, as whole, is marked by a striking division between issues concerning women and those deemed political. Thus, women seldom appear as actors in historical narratives of the female circumcision controversy, which is generally represented as a nationalist movement initiated by, and of concern to, men.
This thesis presents alternate readings of the relevant colonial records. By examining the processes that functioned to exclude women from the political discourse it provides a different interpretation of the controversy as one in which women did indeed play a central political role, indirectly controlling the issue through men, who were regarded by the colonialists as the legitimate representatives of tribal interests. The thesis explores indirect methods of eliciting the perspectives of women which are muted or absent from the historical record.

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Ruíz, Urpeque Eduardo Arturo. "Xebijana tsekati: contexto y significado de la clitoridectomía entre los Shipibo-Konibo del Ucayali". Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/5843.

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Reconstruye el contexto e interrelaciones de la clitoridectomía al interior de la fiesta de la Gran Libación y del sistema ritual de los Shipibo del Ucayali. Propone una interpretación del rito de la clitoridectomía en base a la reconstrucción de los elementos del contexto y de los lazos entre este rito y otros que se celebran tanto dentro como fuera del Ani Xeati. Reconstruye el contexto de celebración de la ablación definiendo sus interrelaciones con los diversos momentos anteriores y posteriores al rito mismo al interior de la fiesta del Ani Xeati. Plantea las interrelaciones entre el rito de la clitoridectomía y otros ritos tanto dentro como fuera de la fiesta misma. Interpreta el rito de la clitoridectomía recurriendo a sus interrelaciones con los ritos presentes en la fiesta. Establece la significación del rito de la clitoridectomía recurriendo a la red de elementos comunes presentes en los ritos dentro de la fiesta como aquellos fuera de esta celebración.
Tesis

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7

Wiggins, Des. "Female circumcision a religious rite in Islamic Africa? : a review of the Islamic sources". 2001. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/25026.

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This thesis reviews the practice of female circumcision in Islamic Africa. I chose this geographical location for my study because of the high incidence of female circumcision in Africa. The majority of female circumcision in Africa is practiced in cultures that follow the religion of Islam. The general consensus of contemporary literature in this field of study argues that female circumcision has no religious basis for the practice. This is based on the fact that the Quran contains no explicit, or implicit, command for the practice. I disagree with this approach and believe my thesis fills a gap that exists in current literature. I argue that there are two main perspectives within Islam which I define as Quranic Islam and traditional Islam. Quranic Islam is defined in this thesis as the Muslim faith that accepts only the Quran as the basis and sole authority for its beliefs and practices. Traditional Islam is defined as the Muslim faith that accepts the Quran, and extra-Quranic sources - such as, but not limited to, the Haddith, Sharia, Sunna, and fatwas - as the basis for its belief structure. I argue that the basis for accepting the practice of female circumcision as a religious rite in Islamic Africa is found in traditional Islam.
thesis (MA(Religion))--University of South Australia, 2001.

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Isike, Efe Mary. "A critical analysis of social regulatory policy : the case of female genital mutilation legislation in Nigeria". Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1722.

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The practice of female genital mutilation is a global problem and it is prevalent in Africa. According to the United Nations Children's Education Fund (2005), each year about three million women and girls are subjected to female genital mutilation, predominantly in parts of Africa and a few Asian and Middle East countries. The situation is the same in Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, where a large number of women and children have undergone and continue to undergo female genital mutilation. According to a UNICEF study, over 32% of Nigeria's female population has endured female genital mutilation and its attendant negative health and human rights consequences (UNICEF 2003: 2).Though Nigeria does not, at present, have a federal law banning female genital mutilation, the process of introducing one has been set in motion by the House of Representatives (lower house), which passed the HB22 Bill in 2007 (Deen 2008:1), which is still awaiting ratification by the Senate (Upper House) and acceptance by the Executive. However, eight out of the thirty-six states in Nigeria have passed laws prohibiting the practice of female genital mutilation (Jimoh 2005). The broad focus of this study was to explore the implementation of social regulatory policy, using the case of the implementation of female genital mutilation legislation in Nigeria. A policy analysis of social regulatory policy was investigated, with secondary studies on the implementation of female genital mutilation legislation in Nigeria. The broad issues investigated in the study include identifying the main aims and objectives of social regulatory policy; the policy instruments employed in the implementation of social regulatory policy; the implementation process of social regulatory policy; and the challenges and successes experienced by implementors in implementing social regulatory policy. The key issues the study sought to investigate include identifying the aims and objectives of female genital mutilation legislation in Nigeria; the policy instruments employed to implement female genital mutilation legislation; the implementation process of female genital mutilation legislation; and the challenges and successes experienced by implementors in implementing female genital mutilation legislation. The findings of social regulatory policy analysis showed that public participation is critical to the effective implementation of social regulatory policies, as they may encounter implementation difficulties if there is no provision for public participation during policy formulation. This in itself can give the government a better understanding of the socio-cultural issues at stake. These studies also showed that the wrong combination of policy instruments can hinder the effectiveness of social regulatory policy. Out of the varying policy instruments employed for policy implementation, government must choose the right combination of instruments that suits the intended policy outcome, in order to produce different effects. In order for social regulatory policies to be effective, implementers responsible for implementing social regulatory policy need to understand policy goals and be committed to its objectives. Adequate resources, both capital and human, must be invested in employing and training implementing agents. Finally, building and fostering networks and collaboration with civil society are critical to the successful implementation of social regulatory policies. In terms of application to this case study, the present investigation revealed that the implementation of female genital mutilation legislation in Nigeria has been difficult, and crippled with challenges, due to a number of factors that hinder effective policy outcome. These challenges are not unrelated to the fact that democracy is still nascent in Nigeria. First, there was a lack of public participation in the policy formulation process, which had negative consequences for effective implementation. Second, policymakers did not employ suitable policy instruments and this has hindered the implementation of female genital mutilation legislation. Third, a lack of common goal definition between implementing agents and policymakers has led to problems during the implementation of the policy. Other problems which have hindered the effective implementation of the policy include lack of skilled adequate resources, both capital and human, needed for the implementation of the policy. Finally, this study showed that government's failure to involve and collaborate with other actors/stakeholders through building networks with non-governmental organizations negatively affected the policy process. Building networks encourages the exchange of skills and information which can bring about effective policy implementation. The study concludes that these problems are pertinent to social regulatory policies, in general. Public participation in the policy formulation process must be encouraged, through active collaboration with civil society; employing the right policy implementation instruments and building institutional capacity (manpower) and providing adequate funding remain critical to the effective implementation of female genital mutilation legislation, not only in Nigeria, but in other places where such practices are deeply rooted in cultural beliefs. Also, for legislation to be effective, it must comprise the appropriate legal measures (that is, creating proper legal structures and legislation that will constrain and guide the behaviour of targets), regulatory measures (this involves the use of enforcement measures in order to compel the desired behavioural change) and policy measures (which encourages the participation of the targets in the policy process).
Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2008.

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Obwoge, Beatrice Kemunto Charity. "A lexico-semantic analysis of EkeGusii circumcision social varieties". Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/14485.

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The study is based on the lexical choices in the social context of EkeGusii circumcision and the meaning of the various lexical items used in the social context of circumcision and gender differentiation in the choice of the lexicon of EkeGusii circumcision. This special variety is also used within EkeGusii standard variety but when used in the context of circumcision, the meaning of the lexical items is understood based on context. It is believed that language embodies traditional values and that these values are socially conditioned. This study considers the social conditioning of the circumcision social varieties. Linguistic traditional values of EkeGusii language are reflected in, among others, gender differentiation in the choice of the lexicon in the social context of circumcision. The study was based on two theories; the social theory and contrastive lexico-semantic theory. Social theory was useful in analyzing language in society and what language means to its users while contrastive lexico-semantic theory was useful in analyzing EkeGusii culture-specific meaning which does not translate readily to English. Participatory observation, interview schedules, informers, questionnaires and introspection were used to collect data. Data was analyzed qualitatively in view of the choice of the lexicon within language variation. Findings showed that the sound plays an important role in postulating meaning of EkeGusii Circumcision Social Varieties (ECSV) through vowel lengthening. The lexicon of ECSV comprises nouns and verbs and that this lexicon is a style as well as register of EkeGusii. Gender differentiation in the language is a case of socialization rather than biological. Finally, meaning relations established by the lexicon of ECSV include synonymy, hyponymy, polysemy as well as antonymy. It is recommended in this study that teachers should be trained on Sociolinguistics, carry out classroom research to identify the learners’ sociolinguistic culture and integrate an individual learner with others in the same level especially since the school has taken the role of socialization of an individual.
African Languages
M.A. (African languages)

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Livros sobre o assunto "Clitoridectomy"

1

Thomas, Lynn M. The politics of the 1956 ban on clitoridectomy in Meru, Kenya. [Nairobi]: University of Nairobi, Dept. of History, 1995.

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2

Mauritania. Secrétariat d'État à la condition féminine. Stratégie nationale de promotion de l'abandon des mutilations genitales feminines. Mauritanie: République Islamique de Mauritanie, Ministère chargé de la promotion féminine, de l'enfance et de la famille, 2007.

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3

Luna, Aurora. Una historia sobre la mutilación sexual femenina. [España]: Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 2004.

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4

Lightfoot-Klein, Hanny. Secret wounds. [United States]: Hanny Lightfoot-Klein, 2002.

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5

Commission, Queensland Law Reform. Female genital mutilation. [North Quay, Qld.]: The Commission, 1994.

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6

Lightfoot-Klein, Hanny. Secret wounds. [Bloomington, IN]: 1stBooks, 2002.

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7

Okroi, Eiman. Weibliche Genitalverstümmelung im Sudan: "Female genital mutilation". Hamburg: Akademos Wissenschaftsverlag, 2001.

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8

Couchard, Françoise. L' excision. Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 2003.

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9

Commission, Queensland Law Reform. Female genital mutilation: Draft report. [Brisbane]: The Commission, 1994.

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10

Carbonne, Natacha. Les mutilations sexuelles féminines. Paris: Berg International, 2011.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Clitoridectomy"

1

Teitelbaum, Stefanie. "Clitoridectomy". In Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion, 454–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24348-7_117.

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Teitelbaum, Stefanie. "Clitoridectomy". In Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion, 341–43. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6086-2_117.

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Ennis, Mark William, Alice Mills, Jaco J. Hamman, Anais N. Spitzer, Stefanie Teitelbaum, David Waldron, M. J. Drake Spaeth et al. "Clitoridectomy". In Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion, 155–57. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71802-6_117.

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4

Morowitz, Harold J. "Clitoridectomy". In Entropy and the Magic Flute, 124–28. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195081992.003.0027.

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Abstract My Earliest Knowledge of East Africa came from a childhood hobby of stamp collecting and an attraction to the strangesounding names. Somewhere I have tucked away an album with a few stamps from Kenya, Uganda, and Tanganyika. These three states were under British government and became independent in the early 1960s. They have traveled radically different routes since then. Kenya, under Jomo Kenyatta and his successor, Daniel Moi, has become a successful, Western-style, free-enterprise state. Tanzania (the former Tanganyika and the island of Zanzibar), under Julius Nyerere, has followed a Chinese style of communism, and Uganda, under a series of leaders, has followed a path of intertribal strife and chaos.

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5

"clitoridectomy, n." In Oxford English Dictionary. 3^a ed. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oed/1140343963.

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6

"Clitoridectomy and Gikuyu Nationalism". In Ngugi wa Thiong’o, Gender, and the Ethics of Postcolonial Reading, 41–68. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315598253-5.

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Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. "French Feminism in an International Frame". In Feminisms, 51–54. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192892706.003.0008.

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Abstract A young Sudanese woman in the Faculty of Sociology at a Saudi Arabian University said to me, surprisingly: ‘I have written a structural functionalist dissertation on female circumcision in the Sudan.’ I was ready to forgive the sexist term ‘female circumcision’. We have learned to say ‘clitoridectomy’ because others more acute than we have pointed out our mistake.

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"Chapter Six Female Circumcision and the Divisive Issue of Female Clitoral Sexual Pleasure Go Public, 1966–81". In Female Circumcision and Clitoridectomy in the United States, 123–48. Boydell and Brewer, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781580468596-007.

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9

"Acknowledgments". In Female Circumcision and Clitoridectomy in the United States, ix—xii. Boydell and Brewer, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781580468596-001.

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10

"Notes". In Female Circumcision and Clitoridectomy in the United States, 195–238. Boydell and Brewer, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781580468596-011.

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