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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Climat – Asie du Sud-Est – Observations"
Oyekunle, M. A., e M. O. Ojo. "Observations préliminaires sur la nocardiose cutanée bovine et la dermatophilose en climat subhumide du Sud Nigeria". Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 41, n.º 4 (1 de abril de 1988): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.8641.
Texto completo da fontePlamondon-Bouchard, Monique. "Caractéristiques et fréquence des nuages bas à Poste-de-la-Baleine en 1969". Cahiers de géographie du Québec 19, n.º 47 (12 de abril de 2005): 311–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/021259ar.
Texto completo da fonteDjohy, Gildas Louis, e Boni Sounon Bouko. "Vulnérabilité et dynamiques adaptatives des agropasteurs aux mutations climatiques dans la commune de Tchaourou au Bénin". Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 74, n.º 1 (1 de março de 2021): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.36319.
Texto completo da fonteRousseau, Daniel. "Les mesures de température de Duhamel du Monceau de 1748 à 1780". La Météorologie, n.º 118 (2022): 021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2022-0057.
Texto completo da fonteGeurts, Marie-Anne, e Véronique Dewez. "Le pingo d’Aishihik, sud-ouest du Yukon : caractères morphogénétiques et cadre temporel". Géographie physique et Quaternaire 39, n.º 3 (4 de dezembro de 2007): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032609ar.
Texto completo da fonteHuber, Claire, Fengshan Li, Xijun Lai, Sadri Haouet, Arnaud Durand, Suzanne Butler, James Burnham et al. "Using Pléiades HR data to understand and monitor a dynamic socio-ecological system: China's Poyang lake". Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, n.º 209 (29 de janeiro de 2015): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2015.206.
Texto completo da fonteRose, Catherine V., Adam C. Maloof, Blair Schoene, Ryan C. Ewing, Ulf Linnemann, Mandy Hofmann e John M. Cottle. "The End-Cryogenian Glaciation of South Australia". Geoscience Canada 40, n.º 4 (20 de dezembro de 2013): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2013.40.019.
Texto completo da fonteMokhtari, Abderrahmane, Kouider Brahimi e Radia Benziada. "Architecture et confort thermique dans les zones arides Application au cas de la ville de Béchar". Journal of Renewable Energies 11, n.º 2 (30 de junho de 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v11i2.80.
Texto completo da fonteTeses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Climat – Asie du Sud-Est – Observations"
Nguyen, Hue Thi Thanh. "Interactions air-mer en Asie du Sud-Est : évaluation de l'impact d'ENSO canonique et/ENSO Modoki sur la variabilité des précipitations et caractérisation des échanges thermiques air-mer sur les périodes historiques et futures". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023TOU30379.
Texto completo da fonteSoutheast Asia (SEA) gathers 10% of the world population and is subject to a wide range of climate factors and hazards : typhoons, monsoon, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), climate change... At the interface between the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean and the atmosphere, the SEA region, which includes the maritime continent, is moreover key to the functioning of global oceanic and atmospheric circulation. The general objective of this thesis is to better understand the functioning and impact of air-sea interactions in the SEA climate. This is of primary importance for an in-depth knowledge and a better prediction capacity of climate variability at all scales in the region, from extreme events and interannual variability to future projections, but also to better understand, model and forecast global climate. We focused on two processes that play an important role in SEA climate : El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and air-sea heat exchanges. First, the impact on SEA rainfall variability of ENSO and its variant, ENSO Modoki, were investigated for the period 1979-2019. The observed decrease (increase) in rainfall over SEA during Modoki events compared to the canonical ENSO events was explained by a reduced (enhanced) moisture transport into the region and a weakening (strengthening) of the ascending branch of the Walker circulation. Second, we analyzed available observational and numerical datasets and conducted sensitivity simulations to explore and assess the range of estimates of air-sea heat fluxes in the SEA region. This revealed a huge uncertainty in estimates from various datasets, with values of net heat flux varying from approximately -30 to +40 W.m-2. The SYMPHONIE numerical model was used with two methods of surface heat flux forcing (bulk formulae vs. prescribed fluxes from atmospheric datasets) to investigate the sensitivity of the model's sea surface temperature to those fluxes. Results provided a +12.5 W.m-2 estimate of net heat gain for the ocean over 2009-2018, and suggested that ERA5, the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis, can be used as a reference though a slight overestimation of net heat flux. Last, air-sea fluxes produced by 30 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) simulations were evaluated against ERA5. Over the historical period, the CMIP6 ensemble average reproduces well the spatial variability of heat fluxes, but underestimates the net heat gain for the ocean by two-third compared to ERA5. The primary contributors to the net bias are shortwave radiation (SW) and latent heat flux (LH). The net heat gain is projected to increase during the XXIst century, resulting from an increase of SW gain and LH loss and a decrease of longwave radiation (LW) and sensible heat (SH) losses. Models with higher projected sea surface warming exhibit larger changes in heat fluxes. Heat fluxes are predicted to change the most under the SSP5-8.5 scenario (+3.7, +1.0, -8.4, +9.2, and +1.9 W.m-2, respectively for Qnet, SW, LH, LW, and SH), followed by the SSP2-4.5 scenario, and finally the SSP1-2.6 scenario
Sarr, Anta-Clarisse. "Subsidence Quaternaire en Asie du Sud-Est : de la dynamique du manteau à la circulation atmosphérique - Modélisation géomorphologique, géodynamique et climatique". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAU045/document.
Texto completo da fonteDynamic topography modulates the extension of inundated areas, at places where elevation is near sea level, by deflecting the surface of the Earth. This phenomenon produces large-scale paleogeography changes, which in turn modify external spheres (atmo-, hydro- and biosphere) by subsequent alteration of atmospheric and oceanic circulations and biodiversity. This inter-disciplinary work illustrates the connection string between Earth mantle dynamics and climate through the study of Quaternary evolution of South East Asia. The insularity of the region and the presence of low bathymetry seas, as the Java sea, enable fast and efficient modifications of land-sea mask and make it an ideal case for studying the connection between geodynamics and climate. Mantle flow, excited by the numerous subduction zones, is vigorously stirred and contributes to surface deformation. In this region, climate dynamics is also tightly related to the peculiar geography of the Indonesian archipelago. Paleogeographic changes are first revealed by coastal morphologies. They show the contrasted pattern of large-scale Quaternary deformation that underlines general uplift within the central-eastern part of the region, namely Wallacea, whereas the continental shelves, to the West and Southeast, are more likely subsiding. The combination of field observations with numerical modeling of coral reef growth is used to quantify vertical deformation. Our method is based on reef morphology (terrace number, depth, modern reef length) that we observed on the Sunda shelf (Western South East Asia) and reef morphologies obtained by numerical modeling, and enable an original quantification of subsidence rates of the platform. The results imply that Sundaland region was entirely and permanently emerged before 400 000 yr and formed at this time a unique continental mass between West Indonesian islands and continental Asia. The causes of paleogeographic changes are explored using modeling of regional geodynamics. A three-dimension subduction numerical model was devised to simulate the dynamical origin of deformation. This model analysis enables us to describe the spatio-temporal evolution of the deformation above a subduction zone in case of perturbation induced by the arrival at the trench of a continental block or oceanic plateau, a simplified case that is similar to SE Asia. Our results show that during a collisional episode, slab tearing generated by the arrival of light material unable to subduct is responsible for changes in mantle convection. Those changes are responsible for dynamic subsidence that followed an uplift event related to the first stages of collision. Inferred deformation rates have an range of magnitude similar to both measured and modeled rates at regional scale. The consequences of paleogeographic changes are studied using general circulation model simulations. Results show that the presence of an emerged Sunda shelf leads to a seasonal increase in precipitation over the Maritime Continent. This increase is related to seasonal increase in large-scale convergence induced by thermal heating of exposed land surfaces, a situation that, as we show, occurred before 400 ka. Sunda shelf exposure is also responsible for changes in horizontal water transport within the Makassar strait that modify sea surface salinities and temperatures at local scale. Our analysis further shows that increased precipitation seasonality is independent on model convection and cloud parameterization
Pham-Duc, Binh. "Satellite remote sensing of the variability of the continental hydrology cycle in the lower Mekong basin over the last two decades". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2018SORUS024.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteSurface water is essential for all forms of life since it is involved in almost all processes of life on Earth. Quantifying and monitoring surface water and its variations are important because of the strong connections between surface water, other hydrological components (groundwater and soil moisture, for example), and the changing climate system. Satellite remote sensing of land surface hydrology has shown great potential in studying hydrology from space at regional and global scales. In this thesis, different techniques using several types of satellite estimates have been made to study the variation of surface water, as well as other hydrological components in the lower Mekong basin (located in Vietnam and Cambodia) over the last two decades. This thesis focuses on four aspects. First, the use of visible/infrared MODIS/Terra satellite observations to monitor surface water in the lower Mekong basin is investigated. Four different classification methods are applied, and their results of surface water maps show similar seasonality and dynamics. The most suitable classification method, that is specially designed for tropical regions, is chosen to produce regular surface water maps of the region at 500 m spatial resolution, from January 2001 to present time. Compared to reference data, the MODIS-derived surface water time series show the same amplitude, and very high temporal correlation for the 2001-2007 period (> 95%). Second, the use of SAR Sentinel-1 satellite observations for the same objective is studied. Optical satellite data are replaced by SAR satellite data to benefit the ability of their microwave wavelengths to pass through clouds. Free-cloud Landsat-8 satellite imagery are set as targets to train and optimize a Neural Network (NN). Predicted surface water maps (30 m spatial resolution) are built for the studied region from January 2015 to present time, by applying a threshold (0.85) to the output of the NN. Compared to reference free-cloud Landsat-8 surface water maps, results derived from the NN show high spatial correlation (_90%), as well as true positive detection of water pixels (_90%). Predicted SAR surface water maps are also compared to floodability maps derived from topography data, and results show high consistency between the two independent maps with 98% of SAR-derived water pixels located in areas with a high probability of inundation (>60%). Third, the surface water volume variation is calculated as the product of the surface water extent and the surface water height. The two components are validated with other hydrological products, and results show good consistencies. The surface water height are linearly interpolated over inundated areas to build monthly maps at 500 m spatial resolution, then are used to calculate changes in the surface water volume. Results show high correlations when compared to variation of the total land surface water volume derived from GRACE data (95%), and variation of the in situ discharge estimates (96%). Fourth, two monthly global multi-satellite surface water products (GIEMS & SWAMPS) are compared together over the 1993-2007 period at regional and global scales. Ancillary data are used to support the analyses when available. Similar temporal dynamics of global surface water are observed when compared GIEMS and SWAMPS, but _50% of the SWAMPS inundated surfaces are located along the coast line. Over the Amazon and Orinoco basins, GIEMS and SWAMPS have very high water surface time series correlations (95% and 99%, respectively), but SWAMPS maximum water extent is just a half of what observed from GIEMS and SAR estimates. SWAMPS fails to capture surface water dynamics over the Niger basin since its surface water seasonality is out of phase with both GIEMS- and MODIS-derived water extent estimates, as well as with in situ river discharge data
Wang, Di. "What controls the 3D distribution of water vapor isotopic composition in East Asia?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS567.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteUnlike polar ice core records, the isotope variations in Tibetan ice cores challenge the interpretation of temperature signals. One of the main reasons is that in monsoon regions at low and middle latitudes, water isotopes are influenced by convective and cloud processes. A deeper understanding of water isotope behavior and the dynamical controls involved in moisture transpiration and convection is needed. Large-scale in-situ observations and vertical profiles of vapor isotopes during convection would be helpful. However, such data are rare. The aim of this thesis was to document horizontal, vertical, and temporal variations in the isotopic composition of water in East Asian monsoon region. First, to document the horizontal and seasonal variations of water isotopes near the surface across China, we made in-situ observations of near-surface vapor isotopes over a large region (over 10000 km) across China in both pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons, using a newly-designed vehicle-based vapor isotope monitoring system. We found that the observed spatial variations of vapor δ18O are mainly controlled by Rayleigh distillation along air mass trajectories during the pre-monsoon period, but are significantly influenced by different moisture sources, continental recycling processes, and convection along moisture transport during the monsoon period. These results provide an overview of the spatial distribution and seasonal variability of water isotopic composition in East Asia and their controlling factors and emphasize the need to interpret proxy records in the context of the regional system and moisture sources. Second, to better understand the physical processes that control the vertical distribution of vapor isotopes and its intra-seasonal and seasonal variability, we observed the vertical profiles of atmosphere vapor isotopes up to the upper troposphere (from the ground surface at 3856m up to 11000m a.s.l.) from June to October in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau using a specially-designed unmanned-aerial-vehicle (UAV) system. For the sampling, we chose to carry air bags on UAVs as a portable sampling device, but encountered the permeability problem commonly associated with these bags. To corrected for this problem, we developed a diffusion model with diffusion parameters calibrated through laboratory experiments. This allows us to document for the first time the vertical distribution of atmospheric water vapor isotopes across the entire monsoon period up to the upper troposphere, boasting an unprecedented vertical resolution and altitude range. We find that the vertical profiles of water vapor isotopic composition reflect a combination of large-scale processes, in particular deep convection and continental recycling along trajectories, and local convective processes, in particular convective detrainment, and sublimation of ice crystals. The observed seasonal and intra-seasonal variations are generally vertically coherent, due to the strong vertical convective mixing and local convective detrainment of vapor originating from the low levels, and are mainly due to deep convection along trajectories
Pham-Duc, Binh. "Satellite remote sensing of the variability of the continental hydrology cycle in the lower Mekong basin over the last two decades". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS024/document.
Texto completo da fonteSurface water is essential for all forms of life since it is involved in almost all processes of life on Earth. Quantifying and monitoring surface water and its variations are important because of the strong connections between surface water, other hydrological components (groundwater and soil moisture, for example), and the changing climate system. Satellite remote sensing of land surface hydrology has shown great potential in studying hydrology from space at regional and global scales. In this thesis, different techniques using several types of satellite estimates have been made to study the variation of surface water, as well as other hydrological components in the lower Mekong basin (located in Vietnam and Cambodia) over the last two decades. This thesis focuses on four aspects. First, the use of visible/infrared MODIS/Terra satellite observations to monitor surface water in the lower Mekong basin is investigated. Four different classification methods are applied, and their results of surface water maps show similar seasonality and dynamics. The most suitable classification method, that is specially designed for tropical regions, is chosen to produce regular surface water maps of the region at 500 m spatial resolution, from January 2001 to present time. Compared to reference data, the MODIS-derived surface water time series show the same amplitude, and very high temporal correlation for the 2001-2007 period (> 95%). Second, the use of SAR Sentinel-1 satellite observations for the same objective is studied. Optical satellite data are replaced by SAR satellite data to benefit the ability of their microwave wavelengths to pass through clouds. Free-cloud Landsat-8 satellite imagery are set as targets to train and optimize a Neural Network (NN). Predicted surface water maps (30 m spatial resolution) are built for the studied region from January 2015 to present time, by applying a threshold (0.85) to the output of the NN. Compared to reference free-cloud Landsat-8 surface water maps, results derived from the NN show high spatial correlation (_90%), as well as true positive detection of water pixels (_90%). Predicted SAR surface water maps are also compared to floodability maps derived from topography data, and results show high consistency between the two independent maps with 98% of SAR-derived water pixels located in areas with a high probability of inundation (>60%). Third, the surface water volume variation is calculated as the product of the surface water extent and the surface water height. The two components are validated with other hydrological products, and results show good consistencies. The surface water height are linearly interpolated over inundated areas to build monthly maps at 500 m spatial resolution, then are used to calculate changes in the surface water volume. Results show high correlations when compared to variation of the total land surface water volume derived from GRACE data (95%), and variation of the in situ discharge estimates (96%). Fourth, two monthly global multi-satellite surface water products (GIEMS & SWAMPS) are compared together over the 1993-2007 period at regional and global scales. Ancillary data are used to support the analyses when available. Similar temporal dynamics of global surface water are observed when compared GIEMS and SWAMPS, but _50% of the SWAMPS inundated surfaces are located along the coast line. Over the Amazon and Orinoco basins, GIEMS and SWAMPS have very high water surface time series correlations (95% and 99%, respectively), but SWAMPS maximum water extent is just a half of what observed from GIEMS and SAR estimates. SWAMPS fails to capture surface water dynamics over the Niger basin since its surface water seasonality is out of phase with both GIEMS- and MODIS-derived water extent estimates, as well as with in situ river discharge data