Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Civil law – interpretation and construction"
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Neto, Ney Castelo Branco. "As demandas de massa : uma nova dogmática aplicável às teses repetidas". Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2010. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=481.
Texto completo da fonteThis dissertation aims to research scientific-dogmatic of demands conceming repeated theses, in other words, with the same legal reasoning. Therefore, from the historical conception of civil procedure, from its birth to the paradigm shift with the emergence of mass action, reflected about the best techniques that were able to make the mass right as a model process other than the individual and the collective. Introduced the notion of a process of practical results from the rereading of the procedure for different cases in order to occur a greater rationalization of the judgments. Also discussed was the use of judicial precedents and its variants as a means of unification of the jurisprudence, which denotes closer to family law in the Common Law. After the demonstration of such assumptions, concluded that it is possible to construct a particular dogmatic for mass actions, as crucial to ensure greater legal certainty in the solutions of similar cases.
Branco, Neto Ney Castelo. "As demandas de massa : uma nova dogmática aplicável às teses repetidas". Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2010. http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/434.
Texto completo da fonteThis dissertation aims to research scientific-dogmatic of demands conceming repeated theses, in other words, with the same legal reasoning. Therefore, from the historical conception of civil procedure, from its birth to the paradigm shift with the emergence of mass action, reflected about the best techniques that were able to make the mass right as a model process other than the individual and the collective. Introduced the notion of a process of practical results from the rereading of the procedure for different cases in order to occur a greater rationalization of the judgments. Also discussed was the use of judicial precedents and its variants as a means of unification of the jurisprudence, which denotes closer to family law in the Common Law. After the demonstration of such assumptions, concluded that it is possible to construct a particular dogmatic for mass actions, as crucial to ensure greater legal certainty in the solutions of similar cases.
Esta dissertação se propõe a uma investigação científico-dogmática das demandas relativas às teses repetidas, isto é, de mesma fundamentação jurídica. Para tanto, a partir da concepção histórica do processo civil, desde o seu nascimento até a mudança de paradigma com o surgimento das ações de massa, refletiu-se a respeito da descrição das melhores técnicas, tendo sido várias delas já inseridas em nossa legislação, para que assim se realize o direito de massa como um modelo de processo diferente do individual e do coletivo. Introduziu-se a noção de um processo de resultados práticos a partir da releitura do procedimento para casos diferenciados, de modo a ocorrer maior racionalização dos julgamentos. Também foi analisado o uso dos precedentes judiciais e suas variantes como meio de unificação da jurisprudência, o que denota maior aproximação ao direito de família do Common Law. A partir da demonstração de tais premissas, concluímos que é possível a construção de uma dogmática própria para as ações de massa, pois crucial para garantir maior segurança jurídica nas soluções de casos análogos.
Schmitz, Leonard Ziesemer. "Raciocínio probatório por inferências: critérios para o uso e controle das presunções judiciais". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21605.
Texto completo da fonteMade available in DSpace on 2018-11-21T09:00:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leonard Ziesemer Schmitz.pdf: 2040475 bytes, checksum: 4703c1d0434a03117e5c00bb5132f267 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-19
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The present doctoral thesis seeks to deal with judicial presumptions, thus understood inferential reasoning about unknown facts, from facts known and proven in a concrete case. First, we want to identify if there are the spaces of discretion that are shielded by insufficient presumptive arguments. The work is divided into two parts, with three chapters each. The first part serves to establish theoretical premises, and the second part to approach more closely the topic of presumptions in court. The first chapter discusses the conditions of possibility for the interpreter of a particular case to become aware of the facts narrated by other Interpreter-Subjects. Further notes are given on how the ransom of the past occurs when the judge analyzes the evidence and the probative narratives of the parties. The second chapter deals with science and rationality as grounds for the relation between two facts – one known, one unknown. Considerations are made about generalizations from experience, which allow for deductive, inductive, and analogical reasoning. Also questioned is the sufficiency of the use of the argument of "rationality", often insufficient to infer. The third chapter discusses the relationship between evidence and truth, especially when a judicial presumption is often made in the name of the "pursuit of truth" in the judicial process. Moving on to the second part, the fourth chapter addresses the division of labor between parties and judge in the correctness of the facts, establishing limits of action of each Subject of the process. There is also talk of judicial evidentiary activism. The fifth chapter deals specifically with the presumptions and rules of experience (Article 375 of the CPC), which serve as argumentative basis for inferences. The sixth and final chapter captures presumptions in their practical use and speaks, in detail, of the decision to reorganize and organize the process (article 357 of the CPC), which may be an opportune moment for the correct treatment of the subject. Finally, conclusions are drawn about a possible criteriology for the legitimate and discursive use of inferential reasoning
A presente tese de doutoramento busca tratar das presunções simples ou presunções judiciais, assim entendidos os raciocínios inferenciais sobre fatos não conhecidos, a partir de fatos conhecidos e provados em um caso concreto. Quer-se, antes de tudo, identificar quais são os espaços de discricionariedade que se blindam por trás de fundamentos presuntivos insuficientes. O trabalho está dividido em duas partes, com três capítulos cada. A primeira parte serve para estabelecer premissas teóricas, e a segunda para abordar mais de perto o tema das presunções em juízo. O primeiro capítulo fala a respeito das condições de possibilidade para que o intérprete de um caso concreto tome conhecimento dos fatos narrados por outros Sujeitos-intérpretes. São feitas ainda anotações sobre a maneira como o resgate do passado ocorre quando o juiz analisa as provas e as narrativas probatórias das partes. O segundo capítulo trata da ciência e da racionalidade como fundamentos para a relação entre dois fatos – um sabido, outro não sabido. Fazem-se considerações sobre as generalizações a partir da experiência, que permitem raciocínios dedutivos, indutivos e analógicos. É também questionada a suficiência do uso do argumento “racionalidade”, muitas vezes insuficiente para presumir. O terceiro capítulo fala sobre a relação entre provas e verdade, especialmente quando uma presunção judicial frequentemente é feita em nome da “busca da verdade” no processo judicial. Dando início à segunda parte, o quarto capítulo discute a divisão de trabalho entre partes e juiz no acertamento dos fatos, estabelecendo limites de atuação de cada Sujeito do processo. Fala-se também do ativismo judicial em matéria de provas e da possibilidade de produção oficiosa de provas. O quinto capítulo trata especificamente das presunções e das regras da experiência (art. 375, do CPC), que lhes servem de base. O sexto e último capítulo capta as presunções em seu uso prático e fala, com detalhe, da decisão de saneamento e organização do processo (art. 357, do CPC), que pode ser um momento oportuno para o trato correto do tema. Por fim, são traçadas conclusões a respeito de uma possível criteriologia para o uso legítimo e discursivo do raciocínio inferencial probatório
Brand, Jacobus Frederick Daniel (Danie). "Courts, socio-economic rights and transformative politics". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1333.
Texto completo da fonteENGLISH SUMMARY: The point of departure of this dissertation is that transformation in South Africa depends on transformative politics – extra-institutional, substantive, oppositional, transformation-oriented politics. One challenge South Africa’s constitution therefore poses to courts is to take account of the impact of adjudication on transformative politics. The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the relationship between adjudication and transformative politics within a specific context – adjudication of socio-economic rights cases. This relationship is commonly described in a positive light – either that adjudication of socio-economic rights cases promotes transformative politics by giving impoverished people access to the basic resources required for political participation; or that adjudication of such cases is in itself a space for transformative politics. Although there is much truth in both these descriptions, both under-estimate the extent to which adjudication also limits transformative politics. This dissertation focuses on the extent to which adjudication limits transformative politics – it comprises an analysis of socio-economic rights cases with the aim of showing how adjudication of these cases, despite positive results, also limited transformative politics. The theoretical aspects of this problem are outlined in the first chapter. After a description of the body of case law on which the analysis focuses two chapters follow in which two ways in which adjudication limits transformative politics are investigated. The first traces how courts in socio-economic rights cases participate in discourses about impoverishment that tend to describe the problem as non-political – specifically how courts tend to describe impoverishment as technical rather than political in nature; and how courts implicitly legitimise in their judgments liberal-capitalist views of impoverishment that insist that impoverishment is best addressed through the unregulated market. Then follows a chapter investigating how views of legal interpretation in terms of which legal materials have a certain and determinable meaning that can be mechanically found by courts limit transformative politics by insulating adjudication from critique and emphasising finality in adjudication. Throughout it is shown how courts can mitigate the limiting effects of adjudication, by legitimating the political agency of impoverished people, by using remedies requiring political engagement between opponents and postponing closure in adjudication, and by adopting a different approach to interpretation, that emphasises the pliability and relative indeterminacy of legal materials. Despite this, the conclusion of the dissertation is that courts can never wholly avoid the limiting impact of adjudication on transformative politics, but should rather aim to remain continually aware of it.
AFRIKAANS OPSOMMING: Die uitgangspunt van hierdie proefskrif is dat transformasie in Suid-Afrika afhang van transformatiewe politiek – buite-institusionele, substantiewe, opposisionele, transformasie-gerigte politiek. Een eis wat Suid-Afrika se grondwet daarom aan howe stel, is om ag te slaan op die impak van beregting op transformatiewe politiek. Die doel van hierdie proefskrif is om die verhouding tussen beregting en transformatiewe politiek binne ‘n spesifieke konteks – beregting van sake oor sosio-ekonomiese regte – te ondersoek. Meeste beskouinge van hierdie verhouding beskryf dit in ‘n positiewe lig - óf dat die beregting van sake oor sosio-ekonomiese regte transformatiewe politiek bevorder deur vir verarmde mense toegang tot basiese lewensmiddele te bewerkstellig sodat hulle aan politieke optrede kan deelneem; óf dat beregting van sulke sake opsigself ‘n spasie is vir transformatiewe politiek. Hoewel daar waarheid steek in beide beskrywings, onderskat hulle die mate waartoe beregting ook transformatiewe politiek kan beperk. Hierdie proefskrif fokus op hoe beregting transformatiewe politiek beperk - dit behels ‘n analise van sake oor sosio-ekonomiese regte met die doel om te wys hoe beregting van hierdie sake, ten spyte van kennelik positiewe gevolge ook transformatiewe politiek beperk het. Die teoretiese vergestalting van hierdie probleem word in die eerste hoofstuk beskou. Na ‘n beskrywing van die liggaam van regspraak waarop die analise fokus volg twee hoofstukke waarin twee maniere waarop beregting transformatiewe politiek beperk ondersoek word. Die eerste beskou hoe howe in sake oor sosio-ekonomiese regte deelneem aan diskoerse oor verarming wat neig om hierdie probleem as non-polities te beskryf - spesifiek hoe howe neig om hierdie problem as tegnies eerder as polities van aard te beskryf; en hoe howe liberaal-kapitalistiese sieninge van verarming, ingevolge waarvan verarming deur die ongereguleerde mark aangespreek behoort te word, implisiet in hul uitsprake legitimeer. Dan volg ‘n hoofstuk wat naspeur hoe sieninge van regsinterpretasie ingevolge waarvan regsmateriaal ‘n sekere en vasstelbare betekenis het wat meganies deur howe gevind word, transformatiewe politieke optrede beperk deur die openheid van beregting vir kritiek te beperk en finaliteit in beregting in die hand te werk. Deurgaans word gewys hoe howe die beperkende effek van beregting kan teëwerk, deur die politike agentskap van verarmde mense te legitimeer, deur remedies te gebruik wat politieke onderhandeling tussen opponente bewerkstellig en finale oplossings uitstel, en deur ‘n ander benadering tot interpretasie, wat die buigsaamheid en relatiewe onbepaalbaarheid van regsmateriaal erken, te omarm. Tog is die gevolgtrekking van die proefskrif dat howe nooit die beperkende effek van beregting op transformatiewe politiek geheel kan vermy nie, maar eerder deurgaans daarop bedag moet wees.
Du, Toit Gerhard. "The significance of postmodern theories of interpretation for contractual interpretation : a critical analysis". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1245.
Texto completo da fonteThe objective of this study is to examine the significance of postmodern insights regarding interpretation (especially the rejection of intentionalism) and subjectivity for contractual interpretation theory. In Part One (consisting of chapters 2-5), the leading postmodern insights on interpretation, individual autonomy, texts and intentionalism are discussed. This is done by analysing the present interpretive practice in four chapters: 1) Different theories of interpretation ranging from objectivism and natural law theories to post-structuralism are discussed in chapter 2. 2) In chapter 3 individual autonomy (as advocated by liberal theorists) is contrasted with communitarianism in order to problematize the notion of contracting parties as autonomous, self-regulating beings. By highlighting criticism against liberalism and communitarianism, and also by suggesting critical self-rule as an alternative, the assertion that contracting parties are autonomous and self-regulating is contested. 3) The process of textual definition is critically analysed with emphasis on the position reflected by the application of the parol-evidence rule and also post-structuralist ideas on the definition of texts in chapter 4. It is shown that textual definition consists of interpretation rather than identification. 4) The nature of intention and the process of intention “discovery” are analysed in chapter 5. Because of the centrality of intention in contractual practice, alternative theories on intention (and its role during interpretation) are postulated and it is suggested that post-structuralism can provide a critically reflective theory of intention. It is clear (from the critical analysis of intentionalism) that the way intention is presently approached is theoretically flawed. It is also apparent from the critique of liberal beliefs held regarding the nature of interpretation, subjectivity and the definition of texts that the theoretical foundations of these beliefs are fundamentally flawed. A critical re-imagination of contractual interpretation is necessary. In Part Two, questions about the justifiability of the present interpretive theories are posed. In chapter 6 the practical implications of a new theoretical basis for contractual interpretation are considered by examining the way various rules of interpretation are influenced by the new theoretical basis of interpretation. Three “rules” are examined: 1) The golden rule of interpretation is examined because of its reliance on intentionalist assumptions; 2) the parol-evidence rule is examined because of its relation to positivist assumptions about the definition of texts; 3) the relevance of bona fides as a substantial remedy during the interpretation of the contract is analysed to reveal assumptions about the nature of legal subjectivity in which the present consideration of the bona fides is grounded. It is shown that rules depend not on their content for operation, but rather on the assumptions upon which they are grounded. In short, we do not have to do away with our rules of contractual interpretation, but we have to re-evaluate how we apply those rules. The final part of this dissertation consists of a summary of the conclusions drawn during the course of this study.
曹永強 e Wing-keung Tommy Cho. "Judicial interpretation / fictionalization". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31972731.
Texto completo da fonteCatterwell, Ryan Ronald. "CONSTRUCTION IN CONTRACT LAW: A LOGICAL AND STRUCTURED APPROACH". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17990.
Texto completo da fonteLee, Jack Tsen-Ta. "An articulate silence : the interpretation and construction of taciturn bills of rights". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3572/.
Texto completo da fonteGalea, Patrick Joseph. "Trust laws of Jersey and Malta : a civilian interpretation". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30995.
Texto completo da fonteYang, Xiaonan, e 楊曉楠. "The interpretation of the Hong Kong Basic Law: an institutional analysis". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42181999.
Texto completo da fonteSeroin, Isabelle. "L'application des règles d'interprétation de la Convention de Vienne sur le droit des traités dans le cadre de l'ALE, de l'ALENA, du GATT, de l'OMC et de l'Union européenne". Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30327.
Texto completo da fonteTaizir, Aswita. "Muḥammad ʻAbduh and the reformation of Islamic law". Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26336.
Texto completo da fonteThe principle of ijtihad, as practised by 'Abduh, was not dependent upon the opinions of previous scholars. A leading reformer of Islamic law (1849-1905), 'Abduh rejected taqlid which in nineteenth century Egypt was the rule of the day. Scholars in his day adhered to the books of their respective madhhabs to the extent of choosing to ignore the main sources of Islamic law, viz. the Qur'an and Hadith. For this reason, 'Abduh did not follow any particular madhhab in his ijtihad, but chose to be guided by whichever school of law he believed was best fit to deal with a particular contemporary problem. This practice has come to be known as talfiq. His use of it was the beginning of legal reform in Islamic law.
To facilitate legal reform, 'Abduh employed the Islamic legal principle of al-maslahah al-mursalah. This principle was an application of ijtihad which he invoked in order to deal with issues such as polygamy and bank interest. 'Abduh's fatwas were based on the sources of Islamic law, i.e. the Qur'an and the Hadith. Although his main concern was to rehabilitate the use of reason in law, he never strayed far from the traditional sources.
Frydman, Benoît. "Les modèles juridiques d'interprétation". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211908.
Texto completo da fonteCorten, Olivier. "L'utilisation du raisonnable par le juge international: discours juridique, raison et contradictions". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212323.
Texto completo da fonteKinslow, Karen S. "THE LAW V. THE STRANGER LANGUAGE INTERPRETATION AND LEGAL SPACE IN LEXINGTON, KY". Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/1067.
Texto completo da fonteTitle from document title page (viewed on October 27, 2009). Document formatted into pages; contains: viii, 99 p. : ill. Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-97).
Wei, Tsz-shan, e 韋子山. "Law and language: problems of meaning and interpretation in the Hong Kong courts". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B2973969X.
Texto completo da fonteSlade, Bradley Virgill. "International law in the interpretation of sections 25 and 26 of the Constitution". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5370.
Texto completo da fonteBibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The protection of human rights is one of the main aims of international law. Since the Second World War, the United Nations and various other international organs have recognised the protection of human rights in various treaties. These treaties protect citizen.s rights against possible infringement on the side of the state. South Africa was isolated from the development that occurred in international human rights law due to the system of apartheid. When South Africa became a democracy in 1994, international law had to be made part of South African law so that South Africa could once again take its place in the international community. Therefore, the Constitution of 1996 contains various sections that deal with international law and its place within the South African legal system. In particular, section 39(1)(b) of the Constitution places an obligation on courts, tribunals and forums to consider international law in interpreting the bill of rights. With regard to section 39(1)(b), this thesis questions whether the Constitutional Court fulfils its obligation when interpreting the right to property and housing in sections 25 and 26 of the Constitution respectively. Through a discussion of Constitutional Court cases on the right to property, it is discovered that the Court does not optimally use the international law sources that are available. The Court does not reflect on the status of international law sources and confuses international law with foreign law. Therefore, the sources relating to the right to property in international and regional international law are outlined. On the basis of the available sources in international law that relate to the right to property, it is argued that there is no justification for the Court not considering the relevant international law sources. With regard to the right of access to adequate housing in section 26 of the Constitution and the case law relating to the right, the Constitutional Court is more willing to consult international law to aid its interpretation of the right. This is partly attributable to fact that the right to adequate housing is a well developed right in international law. As a result, the Court refers to a wide range of international law sources when interpreting the right of access to adequate housing. However, the Court does not indicate the status of the various international law sources it uses to interpret the right to adequate housing. Therefore, it is argued that in the instances where there are relevant international law sources available to aid the interpretation of the rights to property and adequate housing, they should be considered. In the event that the Constitutional Court uses international law sources, their status within South African law and their relevance to the rights in question should be made clear. As a result, a method for the use of international law as a guide to interpretation is proposed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die beskerming van menseregte is van groot belang in internasionale reg. Na afloop van die Tweede Wêreldoorlog het verskeie internasionale agente, met die Verenigde Nasies in die voorgrond, menseregte begin erken in verskeie internasionale konvensies. Omdat Suid-Afrika die apartheidstelsel toegepas het, was die Suid-Afrikaanse reg geïsoleerd van die ontwikkeling rakende die beskerming van menseregte in internasionale reg. Met die koms van demokrasie was Suid-Afrika genoodsaak om internasionale reg deel te maak van Suid-Afrikaanse reg om te verseker dat Suid-Afrika weer die internasionale gemeenskap kon betree. Gevolglik bevat die Grondwet van 1996 verskeie artikels wat met internasionale reg handel. In besonder plaas artikel 39(1)(b) 'n verpligting op howe, tribunale en ander forums om internasionale reg te gebruik wanneer enige reg in die handves van menseregte geïnterpreteer moet word. In hierdie tesis word daar besin oor die vraag of die Grondwetlike Hof die verpligting in terme van artikel 39(1)(b) nakom wanneer die regte tot eiendom en toegang tot geskikte behuising in artikels 25 en 26 onderskeidelik geïnterpreteer word. Na 'n bespreking van die grondwetlike sake wat verband hou met die reg tot eiendom, word die gevolgtrekking gemaak dat die Grondwetlike Hof nie die verpligting in terme van artikel 39(1)(b) konsekwent nakom nie. Die Hof verwys nie na relevante internasionale of streeks- internasionale reg nie. Verder verwar die Hof internasionale reg met buitelandse reg. In die gevalle waar die Hof wel gebruik maak van internasionale reg, word die status van dié reg in die Suid-Afrikaanse regstelsel nie duidelik uiteengesit nie. Na aanleiding van die grondwetlike sake wat verband hou met die reg van toegang tot geskikte behuising, is dit duidelik dat die Grondwetlike Hof meer gewillig is om internasionale reg in ag te neem. 'n Moontlike rede hiervoor is die feit dat die reg tot behuising goed ontwikkel is in internasionale reg. Gevolglik maak die Grondwetlike Hof geredelik van internasionale reg gebruik om artikel 26 van die Grondwet te interpreteer. Nietemin, die status van die internasionale reg bronne wat die Hof wel gebruik word nie uiteengesit nie. Daarom word daar aangevoer dat indien daar internasionale reg beskikbaar is wat relevant is tot die geskil, behoort die Grondwetlike Hof sulke reg in ag te neem. Indien die Hof wel internasionale reg gebruik om die regte tot eiendom en toegang tot geskikte behuising te interpreteer, moet die status van die bronne uiteengesit word. Daarom word daar ook in die tesis 'n voorstel voorgelê hoe howe te werk moet gaan indien internasionale reg bronne geraadpleeg word.
Jones, Jonathan. "The interpretation and effect of section 197 of the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52544.
Texto completo da fonteENGLISH ABSTRACT: Section 197 of the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 ensures the transfer of a contract of employment from an old employer to a new employer on the transfer of a business as a gomg concern. Although section 197 is mostly based on European and British statutes and regulations, one should not rely on foreign provisions when interpreting section 197 without careful consideration. It is only when we understand the inherent limitations of applying these provisions, that they can be of any help to formulate definitions for the terms "transfer", "business" and "going concern". The two most important effects that section 197 has, is that it ensures the transfer of the contract of employment and that it protects the terms and conditions of employment when such a transfer takes place. Unfortunately, this section does not regulate dismissal on the transfer of a business. Section 197 also does not deal satisfactorily with the transfer of contracts of employment on the transfer of an insolvent business. As a result of the above-mentioned and other shortcomings of the current section 197, it was decided to amend the Act. The Labour Relations Amendment Bill 2000 relies heavily on precedents from foreign law, but unfortunately it does not adequately address all the current problems.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Artikel 197 van die Wet op Arbeidsverhoudinge 66 van 1995 verseker die oordrag van 'n dienskontrak van 'n ou werkgewer na 'n nuwe werkgewer by die oordrag van 'n besigheid as 'n lopende onderneming. Alhoewel artikel 197 gebaseer is op Europese en Britse wetgewing en regulasies, moet die leser versigtig wees om sulke bepalings sonder skroom aan te wend by die interpretrasie van artikel 197. Wanneer ons die inherente beperkings daarvan begryp, mag die bepalings van hulp wees om definisies te vorm van die begrippe "oordrag", "besigheid" en "lopende onderneming". Artikel 197 het hoofsaaklik twee uitwerkings: dit fasiliteer die oordrag van die dienskontrak en verseker dat die terme en voorwaardes van indiensneming onveranderd bly. Die artikel reguleer nie ontslag by die oordrag van 'n besigheid nie. Artikel 197 reguleer ook nie genoegsaam die oordrag van dienskontrakte waar 'n insolvente besigheid oorgedra word nie. As gevolg van bogenoemde en ander tekortkominge is besluit om die Wet te wysig. Die Wysigingswetsontwerp op Arbeidverhoudinge 2000 steun op buitelandse presedente, maar spreek ongelukkig ook nie al die huidige probleme suksesvol aan nie.
Pardo, Deborah Elaine. "The status of the Jewish law in the messianic era from the Biblical period to the seventeenth century /". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32934.
Texto completo da fonteYusuf, Milhan. "Hamka's method of interpreting the legal verses of the Qur'ān : a study of his Tafsir al-Azhar". Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23252.
Texto completo da fontePohl, Dietrich Fritz Reinhold. "Nationhood and peace : challenges to official Islam in Egypt, 1952-1981". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670372.
Texto completo da fonteNurasiah. "Muḥyī al-Dīn Ibn al-Arabī and Sharīah". Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21246.
Texto completo da fonteBarros, Hugo Dias. "Estrutura lógico-normativa e cognitiva : uma aproximação egológica da complexidade jurídica". Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2010. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=550.
Texto completo da fonteThe dissertation examines the theory Egológica Carlos Cossio, considering the developments proposed by the paradigm of complexity, in a proposal for transdisciplinarity to identify the legal phenomenon. The approach used employs the theme revealing method as a tool for interpreting the law. The work examines the formation of the theory egológica, understood from the analysis of human behavior as the center of legal effectiveness. Demonstrating that were developed in the field of cognitive psychology to understanding the parameters of the decision process of individuals
Talbot, Karmen E. "Arguments against the Sunnī legal methodology : Ibn Ḥazm and his refutation of qiyās". Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66135.
Texto completo da fonteVieira, Fabricio dos Santos. "A retomada da ética aristotélico-tomista pela filosofia do direito : o direito natural em destaque". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2016. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/1391.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES
The increasing complexity of intersubjective relations makes the creation and application way to the legal rule develops overcoming the sphere of legality and, as supralegal parameter, highlights the natural law formulation in Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas, for providing very important features to the current situation when dealing with phronesis/prudentia and the mutability of human nature, looking for a thoughtful and adaptable attitude to the situations without neglecting basic timeless principles and practical reasonableness requirements defined by Finnis. In the meantime, the idea of pre-understanding in Gadamer, who says there is a prior understanding working as hermeneutic subjective assumption presiding over all understanding, in case is adapted to the law, appear that, in making the legal decision to the interpretive action as a part of a set concepts and prior knowledge, which somehow sedimented, reaching its conclusions with a minimum of predictability. The thought of Finnis about natural law, based on practical reasonableness and the construction of a philosophical hermeneutics as Gadamer, lead us to believe in the possibility of an ethical foundation for hermeneutics and to the right, without forgetting the contingent and temporary nature of their understanding and application of structures.
Charlap, Yaakov. "Medieval and modern halakhic attitudes on the applicability of Biblical rabbinic law concerning the Seven Nations and the ancient pagans to contemporary non-Jews : a study in Halakhah, exegesis and history". Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22570.
Texto completo da fonteThe prohibition against selling real estate in the land of Israel to non-Jews is based upon a Rabbinic interpretation of the phrase "lo Tehanem" from Deut. 7:2. In the period of the "Rishonim" (from Maimonides till Radbaz) the general view was that this prohibition was still in force and applied to contemporary non-Jews. From the beginning of the modern era, however, this prohibition, as a result of the new reality facing the struggling Jewish settlement in the land of Israel, became problematic.
The prohibition against intermarriage underwent a reverse development. During the Talmudic period most of the Rabbis, guided by the context of the Biblical text, argued that the Biblical prohibition only concerned the "Seven Nations" who used to live in Canaan at the time of the conquest and the settlement. But at the beginning of the modern era a rabbinic consensus gradually emerged that this Biblical prohibition related not only to the "Seven Nations" or "Ancient Pagans", but to all non-Jews at all times. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Grattan, Donald Scott Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "The logos of land: economic and proprietarian conceptions of statutory access rights". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Law, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24368.
Texto completo da fonteJobim, Eduardo de Sampaio Leite. "Interpretação e relação de conceitos, institutos e formas do direito privado com normas do direito tributário: a influência dos princípios de direito privado e das cláusulas gerais do novo Código Civil na formação das normas de direito tributário". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2133/tde-16122009-141058/.
Texto completo da fonteThe following work has the prime aim to investigate and to formulate conclusions on the relation between the Brazilian tax system and the Brazilian Civil Code. For about a century, starting perhaps around 1870, changes in political thought, in social and economic conditions, and in the law, began to take place at an ever-increasing pace. After the age o freedom of contract (perhaps best placed in the century between 1770 and 1870) it is not hard to identify a period of gradual decline in belief of freedom of contract. These developments during this period represented to some degree a reversion to older traditions which pre-dated the age of individualism and freedom of contract, but has equally influenced the elaboration of the Brazilian Civil Code, which came into force on 2002. There we can clearly see the freedom of the contract limited by the principal of the social destination of contract, and other general clauses such as the abuse of rights and the civil fraud. The following work intends to investigate how these specific articles of the Brazilian Civil Code influences the legal obligation to pay taxes and the freedom to make tax planning\'s.
Lubis, Nazly Hanum. "Al-Ṭūfī's concept of Maṣlaḥah : a study in Islamic legal theory". Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23341.
Texto completo da fonteDue to its unique and controversial nature, al-Tufi's theory of maslahah was not welcomed and even received severe criticism from other jurists. Indeed, this theory went beyond al-Tufis times and was much later seen as suitable for anticipating social change. Therefore, in modern times, in which law reform is needed his theory of maslahah receives serious attention. This thesis also attempts to argue that, even though their concept of maslahah is not as liberal as that of al-Tufi the modern reformists' theory of maslahah is, by and large, inspired and even influenced by al-Tufis maslahah.
Swart, Charl. "Contending interpretations of the rule of law in South Africa". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85623.
Texto completo da fonteENGLISH ABSTRACT: The following study examines whether there are contending interpretations of the rule of law present within the South African democracy. The study proposes that the rule of law forms part of the societal understanding of democracy and everyday life. Rule of law is defined in terms of mental models which influence how stakeholders conceive and define institutions. Rule of law is more than a mere institutional guarantee or set of rules — rule of law is understood as a component of a specific culture of understanding. It is shown that conceptions of rule of law have a long history in western society and have been influenced by both liberal and social ideals. Contemporary conceptions of the rule of law are tightly bound with specific notions of liberal democracy. It is hypothesised that there are distinctly identifiable opinions, beliefs and views of the rule of law present in South African democracy, and that these can be systematically described at the hand of a conceptual typology. The conceptual typology developed, identifies two contending interpretations of the rule of law, namely liberal and social rule of law. Liberal rule of law emphasises the status of the individual, moral plurality and the creation and maintenance of a rule-based society of the future. In contrast, social rule of law places emphasis on the status of the community, a single communally defined conception of the moral good and places greater emphasis on righting past injustices. Other publications that address the themes of democracy and the rule of law in South Africa are also examined in order to determine whether there is congruence between the conceptual typology developed in this study and other works. It is found that the conceptual typology is congruent with other works that depict the African National Congress’s conception of democracy, equality and liberty. These congruencies validate and strengthen the conceptual typology developed in this study. The conceptual typology is subsequently applied to a specific court case, the AfriForum v Malema hate speech case. The conceptual typology is found to be sufficiently accurate in analysing contending beliefs associated with the rule of law as expressed in this court case and identifies the African National Congress’s conception of the rule of law as falling under the social rule of law and AfriForum’s conception as aligning to the liberal rule of law. It is concluded that the conceptual typology can be empirically validated at the hand of the selected case. The conceptual typology is therefore validated with other works (conceptually) and with a specific case (empirically). It is concluded that the conceptual typology provides a clear, robust, concise and comprehensive analytical description of values and beliefs associated with the rule of law in South Africa.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek of daar uiteenlopende en teenstrydige interpretasies oor die oppergesag van die reg teenwoordig is binne die Suid Afrikaanse demokrasie. Die studie stel voor dat die oppergesag van die reg deel uitmaak van die wyse waarop alledaagse samelewingsinteraskies, asook demokrasie, verstaan word. Die oppergesag van die reg word gedefinieer in terme van kognitiewe modelle, wat die belanghebbende partye se konsepsie van hierdie instelling beïnvloed. Die oppergesag van die reg word dus as element van spesifieke kulturele begrip vertolk en meer as institusionele element, wat die behoud van reëls waarborg, beskou. Dit word gewys dat konsepsies van die oppergesag van die reg lang geskiedenis in westerse samelewing het en dat dit deur liberale en sosiale ideale beïnvloed is. Kontemporêre konsepsies van die oppergesag van die reg het noue bande met die liberale demokrasie. Die hipotese is dat daar afsonderlik identifiseerbare opinies, oortuigings en sieninge van die oppergesag van die reg teenwoordig is in die Suid Afrikaanse demokrasie, en dat hierdie opinies sistematies aan die hand van konseptuele tipologie beskryf kan word. Die konseptuele tipologie wat ontwikkel word in hierdie studie identifiseer twee konsepsies van die oppergesag van die reg, naamlik die liberale- en die sosiale oppergesag van die reg. Liberale oppergesag van die reg plaas klem op die status van die individu, morele pluraliteit en die skep en handhawing van reëlsgebaseerde toekomsgerigte samelewing. Hierteenoor word die sosiale oppergesag van die reg gekontrasteer wat klem plaas op die status van gemeenskap of groep, enkele kommunale gedefinieerde konsepsie van die morele doelwit voortsit terwyl die klem geplaas word op die regstelling van ongeregtighede van die verlede. Ander publikasies wat die temas van demokrasie en oppergesag van die reg in Suid Afrika aanspreek, word ook bestudeer om sodoende ooreenkomste tussen die konseptuele tipologie wat hier ontwikkel word, en die bestaande literatuur vas te stel. Daar word gevind dat die konseptuele tipologie wel ooreenkomste met ander werke, wat die African National Congress se konsepsies van demokrasie, gelykheid en vryheid bestudeer, vind. Die ooreenkomste valideer en versterk die konseptuele tipologie. Die konseptuele tipologie word ook toegepas op spesifieke hofsaak, naamlik die AfriForum v Malema haatspraaksaak. Daar word gevind dat die konseptuele tipologie wel akkurate analise van teenstrydige opinies, wat geassosieer word met die oppergesag van die reg, moontlik maak. Die African National Congress se konsepsie word in die kategorie van die sosiale oppergesag van die reg geplaas terwyl AfriForum se siening in die kategorie van die liberale oppergesag van die reg geplaas word. Dit word bevind dat die konseptuele tipologie voldoen aan empiriese validasie aan die hand van geselekteerde saak. Die konseptuele tipologie word daarvolgens gevalideer met ander werke (konseptueel), asook met spesifieke gevallestudie (empiries). Daar word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die konseptuele tipologie duidelike, robuuste, bondige en omvattende analitiese beskrywing van die waardes en oortuigings, wat geassosieer word met die oppergesag van reg in Suid Afrika, beskryf.
胡楷琦. ""法案" 還是 "議案"? :從澳門特別行政區基本法中葡文版本差異看澳門立法議員的立法提案權 = "Bill" or "motion"? : a study of the proposal rights of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region, based on the difference between the Chinese and the Portuguese version of Macao Basic Law". Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3952165.
Texto completo da fonteHaram, Nissreen. "Four scholars on the authoritativeness of Sunnī juridical Qiyās". Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61859.
Texto completo da fonteChurches, Steven C. "An historical survey of the presumption in the common law that general statutes do not bind the Crown /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc562.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteLanda, Arroyo César. "Constitutionalization of Peruvian Law". Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116168.
Texto completo da fonteLa constitucionalización de las distintas áreas del Derecho es un fenómeno cada vez más arraigado en nuestra cultura y contexto jurídicos. Tal vez la forma más evidente en que se haya manifestado sea el creciente protagonismo del Tribunal Constitucional (TC), supremo intérprete de la Constitución, en la significación y resignificación de conceptos, derechos y principios jurídicos que, a través de sus sentencias, han afectado desde el derecho tributario hasta los derechos humanos. Sea que esto se valore positiva o negativamente, su relevancia para comprender el derecho y sus efectos en la actualidad es innegable.
Poon, Wai-yee Emily, e 潘慧儀. "The effectiveness of plain language in the translation of statutes andjudgments". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45015648.
Texto completo da fonteTaljaard, Jochemus Cornelius. "Geld die gewone reëls en beginsels van wetsuitleg by die uitleg van belastingwetgewing?" Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20430.
Texto completo da fonteENGLISH ABSTRACT: For many years the view of South African courts and academics have been that the literal meaning of words is the cornerstone in regard to the interpretation of legislative provisions. This view has changed drastically over the years and academics and the courts have later accepted that the intention of the legislature is the determining factor in the interpretation of a legislative provision. In recent years the courts have also moved towards a more purposive approach in interpreting legislative provisions. Despite these developments the belief remained with some academics and especially tax practitioners that in the interpretation of fiscal legislation, the literal meaning of words remains the deciding factor in the interpretation of such legislation. In this study, the courts' approach in the interpretation of fiscal legislation, with specific reference to the Income Tax Act 58 of 1962 is investigated in order to determine whether a different approach is followed in the interpretation of fiscal legislation in contrast with the interpretation of other legislation. This study first examines the principles applicable in the interpretation of legislation in general and the developments that have taken place over the years. This is necessary in order to set a standard against which the interpretation of fiscal legislation may be measured. The study then examines the courts' approach to the interpretation of fiscal legislation and draws a comparison between the interpretation of fiscal legislation and the interpretation of legislation in general. In this regard the specific theories of interpretation as well as the presumptions of interpretation is considered in detail. From this examination the conclusion is drawn that there are no grounds for distinguishing between the interpretation of fiscal legislation and other legislation in general except for the fact that the concept of equity was never accepted and applied in the context of fiscal legislation whereas it has been in regard to other legislation. The specific reasons for this exception are also discussed in detail. The impact of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa on the interpretation of legislation in general and fiscal legislation in particular is then considered. From this examination the inference is drawn that the Constitution has no impact on the interpretation of fiscal legislation in so far as the provisions of Chapter 2 of the Constitution are not infringed by a taxing provision.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse howe en akademici het vir baie jare die mening gehuldig dat die letterlike betekenis van woorde die hoeksteen van wetsuitleg is. Hierdie siening het oor die jare aansienlik verander en die howe en akademici het later aanvaar dat die bedoeling van die wetgewer die bepalende faktor in die uitleg van enwetsteks is. In afgelope paar jaar het die howe egter 'n meer doeldienende benadering betreffende wetsuitleg begin volg. Ten spyte van hierdie verwikkelinge het die persepsie by sommige akademici en in die besonder belastingpraktisyns bly voortbestaan dat die letterlike betekenis van woorde in die wet steeds die deurslaggewende faktor by die uitleg van belastingwetgewing is. In hierdie studie sal die howe se benadering ten opsigte van die uitleg van belastingwetgewing, met spesifieke verwysing na die Inkomstebelastingwet 58 van 1962 ondersoek word ten einde vas te stel of en ander benadering gevolg word by die uitleg van belastingwetgewing teenoor die benadering wat gevolg word by die uitleg van wetgewing in die algemeen. Die studie ondersoek eers die beginsels van toepassing by die uitleg van wetgewing in die algemeen en die ontwikkeling van hierdie beginsels deur die jare. Hierdie ondersoek is noodsaaklik ten einde en maatstaf te vestig waarteen die uitleg van belastingwetgewing getoets kan word. Die studie ondersoek daarna die howe se benadering ten opsigte van die uitleg van belastingwetgewing en vergelyk die uitleg van belastingwetgewing met die uitleg van wetgewing in die algemeen. In hierdie verband word die onderskeie teoriee van wetsuitleg asook die vermoedens van wetsuitleg in besonderhede ondersoek. Uit hierdie ondersoek word daar tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat daar geen grande is om te onderskei tussen die uitleg van belastingwetgewing en wetgewing in die algemeen nie behalwe vir die feit dat die konsep van billikheid nooit in die konteks van belastingwetgewing aanvaar en toegepas is nie. Die spesifieke redes vir hierdie uitsondering word ook in besonderhede bespreek. Die impak van die Grondwet van die Republiek van Suid-Afrika op wetsuitleg in die algemeen en belastingwetgewing in die besonder word dan oorweeg. Uit hierdie ondersoek word daar tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die Grondwet geen impak op die uitleg van belastingwetgewing het nie vir sover die bepalings van Hoofstuk 2 van die Grondwet nie geskend word deur die bepalings van belastingwetgewing nie.
Serumula, Doreen Lame. "The relevance of the South African sectional titles law in interpretation and application of the sectional titles legislation of Botswana : an analysis of provisions pertaining to establishment of schemes". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/15599.
Texto completo da fonte150 leaves printed on single pages, preliminary pages i-xi and numbered pages 1-138. Includes bibliography.
Digitized at 600 dpi grayscale to pdf format (OCR), using a Bizhub 250 Konica Minolta Scanner.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The concept of sectional ownership has been unknown in the Botswana common law because of the maxim superficies solo cedit, which does not recognize separate ownership of apartments in a building. The law must always serve the felt and real needs of the times, and in order to give effect to those needs, the Botswana Sectional Titles Act was enacted in 1999. It is based on the South African Sectional Titles Act of 1986, as amended, which repealed the 1971 Act. In this thesis, a comparative analysis of the South African and Botswana sectional titles law is made to determine whether and, if so, how the existing position in the South African sectional titles law could aid interpretation and application of the sectional titles legislation of Botswana, specifically pertaining to aspects of establishment of sectional title schemes. The main focus is on the legislative provisions of both jurisdictions. However, South African case law is also considered. Landownership and sectional titles is discussed, to determine whether sectional ownership is genuine ownership. This entails a discussion on the publicity principle, which in the case of land is normally achieved by means of registration in the Deeds Registries. The thesis analyses the Botswana and South African statutes on the requirements and procedures involved in the establishment of sectional title schemes to bring to light any shortcomings that may exist in either of the two statutes. An understanding of the shortcomings of the South African statute is relevant to the interpretation and application of the Botswana statute. An examination of the procedural aspects of establishment of a sectional title scheme, as well as the roles of the parties involved in the establishment thereof is undertaken, so as to identify consequences that may ensue if they fail to comply with the requirements of either of the statutes. Consequently, a comparative analysis on the effect of registration of the sectional plan and opening of the sectional title register is made. Although it is not suggested that the Botswana Act should be completely similar to the South African Act, as Botswana may have its own peculiar circumstances, suggestions as to the amendment of the Botswana statute are made. Amendments would make the Botswana Act even more flexible, and would open up the possibilities of development to achieve greater access to land. Further more improvements to the Act will have to be made, some before its implementation, and some after a period of application of the Act, as real practical problems become apparent.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die konsep van deeltitel was tot dusver in Botswana se gemenereg onbekend weens die maxim superficies solo cedit, wat nie aparte eienaarskap van woonstelle in 'n gebou erken nie. Die wet moet altyd die werklike behoeftes van die tyd dien, en om te voldoen aan daardie behoeftes is die Botswana Wet op Deeltitels in 1999 uitgevaardig. Dit is gebaseer op die Suid-Afrikaanse Wet op Deeltitels van 1986, soos gewysig, wat die 1971 Wet herroep het. In hierdie tesis word 'n vergelykende studie gedoen van die Suid-Afrikaanse Wet op Deeltitels en die gelyknamige Wet in Botswana om te bepaal of, en indien wel, hoe die bestaande posisie in die Suid-Afrikaanse Wet op Deeltitels kan help met die interpretasie en toepassing van die deeltitel wetgewing van Botswana, veral waar dit gaan oor die vestiging van deeltitelskemas. Die tesis fokus op die wetgewende bepalings in albei lande, maar konsentreer op probleemareas in die nuwe Deeltitel wet van Botswana. Grondeienaarskap en deeltitels word bespreek om te bepaal of deeltiteleienaarskap werklike eienaarskap is. Dit behels 'n bespreking van die publisiteitsbeginsel, waaraan gewoonlik, in die geval van grond, voldoen word deur registrasie in die Akteregister. Die tesis ontleed die Suid-Afrikaanse statuut en die statuut van Botswana wat gaan oor die vereistes en prosedures betrokke by die vestiging van deeltitelskemas en enige tekortkominge wat bestaan in enige van die twee statute. Dit is belangrik om die tekortkominge van die Suid-Afrikaanse statuut te begryp, as die statuut van Botswana geinterpreteer en toegepas moet word. Die prosedures wat gevolg word in die vestiging van 'n deeltitelskema, asook die rolle van die verskillende partye betrokke, word bespreek sodat die gevolge as daar nie aan die vereistes van die statuut voldoen word nie, identifiseer kan word. Gevolglik word 'n vergelykende ontleding gedoen van die effek van registrasie van die deeltitelplan en die opening van die deeltitelregister. Die slothoofstuk bevat aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing. Alhoewel daar nie voorgestel word dat die wet in Botswana identies aan die Suid-Afrikaanse wet moet wees nie, (Botswana het te make met ander omstandighede) word voorstelle aan die hand gedoen vir die wysiging van die wet in Botswana. Hierdie wysigings sal die wet meer buigsaam maak en daar sal meer moontlikhede wees vir ontwikkeling wat groter toegang tot grond sal bewerkstellig. Verder sal daar verbeterings aan die wet aangebring moet word nadat dit eers in werking getree het en die werklike probleme kop uitsteek.
Ahmed, Laoura. "La construction d'un système juridique : la confrontation de la coutume et de la loi à Mayotte". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAA022/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn Mayotte, the private law governs the civil legal situation of Mahorais basing their marital life on the customs of the mahr, the repudiation, the polygamy and the family housing at the married woman. Its reform emphasizes on the realism in the modernization of the law governing the legal reports of the latter. It tends to focus its sources on a written legislation which respects the letter of the clauses of the civil code. It directs the report of the custom and the law on their competition and not their complementarity. It involves the superiority and the establishment of the exclusivity of the legislated written sources. It promotes an application without distinguishing the civil statutes of membership of Mahorais. It aligns the civil statute established by the customs on the civil statute defined by articles 75 and 34 of the current Constitution. It returns on the preservation of the common laws, making difficult, even impossible their exercise. It entails situations of lawlessness and unapprised by the law. The marriage of common law is moved closer to the cohabitation and not to the civil wedding. The matrimonial intention of Mahorais is not recognized by the law
El, Nemr Waleed. "The enforceability of time bar clauses in construction contracts : a comparative analysis between the Egyptian civil code and the English and Welsh common law jurisdictions". Thesis, University of Salford, 2017. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/43063/.
Texto completo da fonteRamos, Neto Nelson Gularte. "Teoria da decisão e controle judicial de políticas públicas ambientais". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2016. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/1184.
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Santa, Marisa. "Construction de l'identité individuelle : jeux d'entente et de concurrence entre l'état civil et la "Comédie Humaine" de Balzac". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2019. http://www.harmatheque.com.bases-doc.univ-lorraine.fr/ebook/balzac-et-la-construction-de-l-identite-individuelle-jeux-d-entente-et-de-concurrence-entre-l-etat-civil-et-la-comedie-humaine-66358.
Texto completo da fonteSome stories send a chill down one’s spine! An old man appears at an attorney’s office claiming the identity of glory of Napoleon Bonaparte’s Empire: the colonel Chabert. However, Chabert is dead; the living declared his death after the register of vital statistics based, in turn, on testimonies. With his claim, the old man opposes acknowledged truth and his own reality, throwing doubt upon evident facts. In the silence of the night, the faint contours of the glorious colonel emerge from the story narrated by this ghost asking for recognition but he will learn that identity is not something that springs up upon demand but must be built up. Yet he made a good start by bringing in his mutilated body and his story. He could have followed the only possible way of taking Chabert off the list of the glorious dead by accepting a settlement where he could continue being the colonel provided he erases parts of his history. The old man’s identity is given neither by the novel which created him nor by law, that law responsible for his death, as the only answers to be found in both law and literature are acknowledged facts which always remain questionable. An individual’s identity is embedded in the story of a culture and the game consists in always making adjustments within the meeting point of all designating discourses. One of these is that of law: it sets the criteria allowing existence itself and from which individualization can occur. So we can say law and Balzac’s «Human Comedy» merge together into a new common space in wich seizing stories are narrated and where the construction of individual identity takes place. This singular relationship between law and literature sheds a new light upon them, thus making them subjects to be studied from an anthropological point of view
Lundstedt, Lydia. "Territoriality in Intellectual Property Law : A comparative study of the interpretation and operation of the territoriality principle in the resolution of transborder intellectual property infringement disputes with respect to international civil jurisdiction, applicable law and the territorial scope of application of substantive intellectual property law in the European Union and United States". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-133470.
Texto completo da fontePereira, Hugo Filardi. "Decisões coerentes: valorização dos precedentes no Código de Processo Civil como técnica de previsibilidade decisória". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19856.
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DECISÕES COERENTES: VALORIZAÇÃO DOS PRECEDENTES NO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL COMO TÉCNICA DE PREVISIBILIDADE DECISÓRIA
DECISÕES COERENTES: VALORIZAÇÃO DOS PRECEDENTES NO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL COMO TÉCNICA DE PREVISIBILIDADE DECISÓRIA
Rasandratana, David. "Le paiement du prix dans les marchés de travaux privés". Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA0006.
Texto completo da fonteThe construction sector is a major pan of economic activity that underlies much of the growth nationally. With this in mind, it seemed appropriate to focus specifically on private works contracts and even more specifically to the issue of payment. At the heart of economic relations, payment defined as fullfilment of an obligation is asking the question of its security. In private works contracts, securing the payment is possible both during the formation of the contract by the determination of its purpose - the price - at the stage of execution thanks to the operation of arrangements payment itself and the provision of guarantees. Apprehending the payment transaction from both a practical and theoretical, the subject of this thesis is to show that the security of payment in private building contracts can be considered both during training than the contract
Mbogning, Kenfack Joseph Sinclair. "L'influence des systèmes juridiques Romano-Germanique et de Common Law sur la construction des droits de la défence dans la procédure pénale au Cameroun". Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL20005.
Texto completo da fonteDespite their separate history and geography, civil and common law legal systems have long influenced and continue to influence, in Cameroon, the development of criminal procedure in general and the rights of the defence in particular.From a separate and imposed influence since colonization, with main characteristics, in criminal matters, the existence of two criminal procedure codes and a disparity of defense rights depending on the part of the Cameroon territory (eastern Cameroon / western Cameroon), the legislator in 2005, on the basis of a common and desired influence of civil and common law legal systems, succeeded to build a common procedure and criminal defence system, characterized by an increasing of the rights of defence.Products of compromises and vectors of crucible reciprocal influences of civil and common law legal systems, the rights of the defence in Cameroon, from the pre-trial phase to the trial phase of the criminal trial, were built around variable dividing lines, reflecting more a willingness to miscegenation than the hegemony of a single law system
Arantes, Andréa Benedetto. "Simbiose industrial como instrumento de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos da construção civil". Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2014. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1120.
Texto completo da fonteThis dissertation aims to present a proposal to minimize the problems caused by the solid wastegenerationin the construction industry, one of the most significant segments in the economic and social landscape, but also theenvironment degradation, based on the practice of industrial symbiosis. For this, environmental concerns and waste problemswere presented in order to know the current scenario. The analysis was preceded by a survey on solid waste and specifically the construction waste, the focus of this work, entering within the economic, social and environmental impacts of their generation, followingthe study of theeconomic lawand the solid waste legislation and the legislation applied to the construction industry waste to achieve an alternative to reduce environmental impacts, through the application of the institute of industrial ecology and industrial symbiosis process, using as foundation international and national experiences. Finally the conclusion isthe feasibility of industrial symbiosis as a tool for management to the constructionwaste and implementation of the economic law of waste, since practiced in a structured manner, with the involvement of all thestakeholders (government agencies, private institutions, universities and NGOs), optimizing the economic,social and environmental gains.
Esta dissertação objetiva apresentar uma proposta para minimizar os problemas causados pela geração de resíduos sólidos da indústria da construção civil, um dos segmentos mais significativos no cenário econômico e social, mas também na degradação do meio ambiente, baseada na prática de simbiose industrial. Para isso, foram apresentadas as preocupações ambientais e o problema do lixo, a fim de se conhecer o contexto atual. A análise foi precedida de uma pesquisa acerca dos resíduos sólidos e dos resíduos da construção civil, foco do presente trabalho, adentrando-se nos impactos econômicos, sociais e ambientais causados por sua geração, seguida do estudo da aplicação do direito econômico e da legislação dos resíduos sólidos em geral e dos resíduos da indústria da construção, para o alcance de uma alternativa de redução de impactos ambientais gerados, por meio da aplicação do instituto da ecologia industrial e do processo de simbiose industrial, utilizando-se como alicerce experiências de âmbito internacional e nacional. Finalmente concluiu-se pela viabilidade da simbiose industrial como instrumento de gerenciamento de resíduos da construção civil e de concretização do direito econômico dos resíduos, desde que praticada de forma estruturada, com o envolvimento das diversas partes interessadas (órgãos governamentais, instituições privadas, universidades e ONGs), otimizando os ganhos econômicos, sociais e ambientais.
Crawley, Karen. "Limited ink : interpreting and misinterpreting GÜdel's incompleteness theorem in legal theory". Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101814.
Texto completo da fonteSteenkamp, Casper Jan Hendrik. "Die rol van rekeningkundige beginsels en praktyk in die uitleg van die inkomstebelastingwetgewing in Suid-Afrika". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20424.
Texto completo da fonteAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie werkstuk begin deur te ondersoek watter rol rekeningkundige beginsels en praktyk tot op datum by die uitleg van die inkomstebelastingwetgewing in Suid-Afrika gespeel het. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat rekeningkundige beginsels 'n baie beperkte rei gespeel het. Die beginsels van wetsuitleg word dan ondersoek en die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat daar wei ruimte vir rekeningkundige beginsels en praktyk is om 'n meer uitgebreide rol in die uitleg van die inkomstebelastingwetgewing, en meer spesifiek die bruto inkomste-omskrywing en die algemene aftrekkingsformule, te speel. Die werkstuk oorweeg dan die rol wat rekeningkundige beginsels en praktyk in die uitleg van die inkomstebelastingwetgewing in beide Australie en die Verenigde Koninkryk gespeel het. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat rekeningkundige praktyk in beide hierdie jurisdiksies 'n meer uitgebreide rei in die uitleg van inkomstebelastingwetgewing as in Suid-Afrika gespeel het. Die mening word uitgespreek dat Suid-Afrika baat kan vind deur 'n soortgelyke benadering te volg as wat in bogenoemde jurisdiksies gevolg word. Die werkstuk sluit dan af deur die voor- en nadele van 'n stelsel te ondersoek waar die belasbare inkomste en rekeningkundige inkomste ooreenstem. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat 'n mate van ooreenstemming aan te bevel is, maar dat volkome ooreenstemming nie sinvol is nie. Die inagneming van rekeningkundige beginsels in die uitleg van inkomstebelastingwetgewing kan bydra om die optimale graad van ooreenstemming te bereik.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Traditionaly accounting principles and practice played a very limited role in the interpretation of the income tax legislation in South Africa. This study starts off by investigating the role that accounting principles and practice played to date in the interpretation of the income tax legislation in South Africa. The conclusion is reached that accounting principles played a limited role. The principles of interpretation of legislation is then considered and a conclusion is reached that there is scope for accounting principles and practice to play an extended role in the interpretation of the income tax legislation, especially in the interpretation of the gross income definition and the general deduction formula. The study then considers the role that accounting principles and practice played in the interpretation of the income tax legislation in both Australia and the United Kingdom. The conclution is reached that in both these jurisdictions accounting practice played a more extensive role in the interpretation of income tax legislation than in South Africa. The opinion is expressed that South Africa can benefit from a similar approach as was taken in the abovementioned jurisdictions. The study concludes with an investigation into the advantages and disadvantages of having the calculation of taxable income conform to the calculation of income for accounting purposes. The conclusion is reached that conformity to some degree is advisable but that total conformity is not sensible. Taking accounting principles and practice into account in the interpretation of income tax legislation can help attain the optimal degree of conformity.
Göcks, Nara Raquel Alves. "A mineração de agregados para a construção civil no novo marco regulatório : tratamento (in) diferenciado". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2015. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/1142.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES.
The research presents an approach of mining of aggregates for construction and the treatment designated in the legislative process which is being prepared to establish a New Regulatory Framework for Brazilian Mining. The scope of the research is to verify the relevance of specific treatment to mineral aggregates from the perspective of sustainable development. The applied methodology showed to be critical to contextualize the legal proposal, conceptualize and understand the assets and mining activities, differentiating the mineral aggregates of other mineral resources. Due to its specificities, mining of aggregates was analyzed from the perspective of sustainability. The theoretical reference of José Eli da Veiga, in the book "Sustainable development: the challenge of the XXI century" has oriented the research in order to identify relations of mining of aggregates to the environment and human dignity. The research highlighted the impacts caused by mining of aggregates, negative for the environment and positive due to improving quality of life. The study refers to The Brazilian Mineral Law, the Law Project n° 5087/2013, and its replacement, that inputs public policy. At the end, mineral exploitation regimes were analyzed, specifying the “regime of authorization”, mineral exploration, the proposal concerning mineral land planning, the financial compensation for mineral exploration (CFEM) and the mining rights. It was possible to conclude and confirm the hypothesis that the law has always privileged the mineral aggregates given its essentiality to improve quality of life and it is essential to maintain this condition to achieve sustainability while precept in process of construction.
Pinho, Ruy Veridiano Patu Rebello. "A independência jurídica do notário e do registrador". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21481.
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The purpose of this dissertation is to emphasize the existence of the duty of legal independence of the registrar and the notary, who are responsible of a legal function constitutionally decentralized by the Charter of 1988 and disciplined by Law 8935/94, the Law of Notaries and Registrars. Independence is not a state of the person, but takes place contemporaneously in an argumentative intersubjective process of cooperative order. This mechanism of decentralization of powers and competences outside the structure of the State, gives an independent legal professional a bundle of legal responsibilities to be exercised through an administrative and technical organization, so that along legal independence, that all legal profession implies, goes the management and administration of its resources under private law. Every legal function must be accountable to the society and to be supervised; by law, the inspection and technical standardization of the services is attributed to the Judiciary. In order to concentrate the finite judicial powers in its nuclear activity, the Judiciary has an important role in ensuring the legal independence of the registrar and the notary as legal duties to society
O objetivo desta dissertação é sublinhar a existência do dever de independência jurídica do registrador e do notário, que exercem função jurídica descentralizada constitucionalmente pela Carta de 1988 e disciplinada pela Lei 8935/94, a Lei dos Notários e dos Registradores. Independência que não é um estado da pessoa, mas que ocorre, na contemporaneidade, em um processo intersubjetivo argumentativo de ordem cooperativa. Esse mecanismo de descentralização de poderes e competências para fora da estrutura do Estado, atribui a um profissional do Direito independente um feixe de responsabilidades jurídicas a serem exercidas por meio de uma organização administrativa e técnica, de modo que ao lado da independência jurídica, que toda profissão jurídica implica, se encontra a gestão e administração de seus recursos em regime de direito privado. Toda função jurídica deve prestar contas à sociedade e ser fiscalizada; por lei, a fiscalização e a uniformização técnica das serventias é de atribuição do Poder Judiciário. A fim de concentrar as energias judiciárias, que são finitas, em sua atividade nuclear, o Poder Judiciário tem importante atuação no sentido de garantir a independência jurídica do registrador e do notário como deveres jurídicos para com a sociedade