Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Choices that align"
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Ambuehl, Sandro, B. Douglas Bernheim e Axel Ockenfels. "What Motivates Paternalism? An Experimental Study". American Economic Review 111, n.º 3 (1 de março de 2021): 787–830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20191039.
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We study experimentally when, why, and how people intervene in others’ choices. Choice Architects (CAs) construct opportunity sets containing bundles of time-indexed payments for Choosers. CAs frequently prevent impatient choices despite opportunities to provide advice, believing Choosers benefit. They violate common behavioral welfare criteria by removing impatient options even when all payoffs are delayed. CAs intervene not by removing options they wish they could resist when choosing for themselves (mistakes-projective paternalism), but rather as if they seek to align others’ choices with their own aspirations (ideals-projective paternalism). Laboratory choices predict subjects’ support for actual paternalistic policies. (JEL C92, D12, D15)
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DeMartini, Anne, e Jillian M. Villemaire. "Using Student Choice for Engaged Learning in Sport, Tourism, Recreation, and Live Entertainment Education". Sports Innovation Journal 4, SI (15 de dezembro de 2023): 104–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/27316.
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Fostering engaged learning in higher education contributes to students’ lifelong learning. Additionally, engaged learning prepares graduates to transfer their learning to the workplace, which is particularly important in pre-professional sport, tourism, recreation, and live entertainment (STRLE) programs. Engaged learning entails students actively and intentionally participating in their own learning, and learning autonomy is fundamental to their ownership of the learning enterprise. Student choice can be implemented as an engaged learning pedagogy by supporting student autonomy. Offering students choices in the classroom can increase engagement, enjoyment, and motivation; build competence and higher order thinking skills; and improve student success. Faculty engaged in this praxis in a sport management program at a small, private college. To further enhance student success, STRLE faculty can implement student choice following the recommended best practices. Offering choices that align with student interests and values, and provide connection and competence, best support autonomy. Faculty should also demonstrate warmth, flexibility, and consistency to increase the effectiveness of providing student choices. This commentary explores the literature on student choice as an engaged learning practice, illustrates a practice example, and makes recommendations for effectively applying student choice in the STRLE classroom.
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Marrone, Jennifer A., Holly Slay Ferraro e Therese Huston. "A Theoretical Approach to Female Team Leaders’ Boundary Work Choices". Group & Organization Management 43, n.º 5 (24 de agosto de 2018): 825–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059601118795384.
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As organizations face progressively complex challenges, team leader boundary work that is relational and inclusive (i.e., work that relates to others across team boundaries and includes a wide variety of stakeholder perspectives and concerns) is more and more valued. These trends pose advantages and disadvantages for women team leaders. Although the desired leadership competencies align well with the communal qualities often attributed to and expected of women leaders, displaying boundary work behaviors that are relational and inclusive may paradoxically result in a questioning of women’s leadership competence by team members and parties external to the team. Moreover, concerns about gender stereotyping and discrimination may pressure women to adapt their boundary work behaviors to downplay or negate “femininity” as they lead. Reflective of these dilemmas, we propose that female team leaders experience conflicting internal motivations about the boundary work behaviors they display. Drawing from social role, impression management, and social identity perspectives, we examine the motives that drive women leaders to engage in or avoid boundary work that aligns with female gender roles, the contextual influences affecting the likelihood women leaders will act on these motives, and the implications of this boundary work for teams and female team leaders.
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Kavi Priya S, Porkodi J, Kaviya Sri A N e Shweatha K. "Empowering Sentiment Analysis For Improved Fashion Choices". international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 7, n.º 5 (2023): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2023.v07i05.037.
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The world of fashion is dynamic, ever-changing, and deeply influenced by individual preferences and collective sentiment. Making confident and informed fashion choices can be a daunting task, especially in an era marked by rapid trends and diverse styles. The fashion industry is ever-evolving, with trends and styles constantly changing. Making informed fashion choices that align with personal preferences and public sentiment can be challenging. "Empowering Sentiment Analysis for improved fashion choices" presents a novel approach to address this challenge. This abstract introduces a comprehensive framework that harnesses the power of sentiment analysis, a sophisticated natural language processing technique, to provide consumers and fashion enthusiasts with invaluable insights into the realm of fashion. Sentiment analysis, commonly used in understanding public opinions and emotional tones in textual data, is adapted here to decode the fashion landscape. By analyzing textual data from fashion reviews, social media posts, and comments, sentiment analysis can discern public sentiment and opinions about specific clothing items, styles, and trends. The primary objective of this initiative is to empower individuals to make better, more informed fashion choices. Through sentiment analysis, individuals can access an in-depth understanding of the prevailing sentiments and opinions surrounding specific clothing items, styles, and trends. This knowledge equips them with the tools to align their choices with current trends, explore niche styles, or even express their uniqueness confidently. By leveraging the power of machine learning models like Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machines, Random Forest , Ada Boosting and Deep Learning algorithms the sentiment classification models are built. Furthermore, this technology fosters inclusivity and diversity in fashion decision-making by highlighting a wide range of sentiments and opinions. It acknowledges that fashion is a highly personal and subjective domain and helps individuals discover styles that resonate with their unique tastes and values.
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Mutanga, Murimo Bethel, Philip Xolisa Piyose e Sithembile Ndovela. "Factors Affecting Career Preferences and Pathways: Insights from IT Students". Journal of Information Systems and Informatics 5, n.º 3 (11 de setembro de 2023): 1111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51519/journalisi.v5i3.556.
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The selection of an appropriate career path plays a pivotal role in shaping students' futures and can greatly enhance their employability prospects. By making well-informed decisions, students can align their educational pursuits with their professional aspirations, ensuring a seamless transition from academia to the workforce. This study aims to investigate the career choices of IT students within the Department of ICT. Through an analysis of the career choices made by students in these specific areas, the research seeks to uncover the underlying factors that influence their decision-making processes. By examining the career preferences of IT students, this research endeavor seeks to provide valuable insights into the motivations, interests, and aspirations that drive their choice of specialization. Additionally, it aims to explore how external factors, such as industry trends, job market demands, and personal experiences, impact their decision-making. Understanding these factors can offer valuable guidance to educational institutions, curriculum developers, and career advisors, enabling them to provide tailored support and guidance to IT students, thus facilitating more informed career decisions. Ultimately, the findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the career preferences and pathways within the IT field. This knowledge can aid educators and institutions in developing relevant and responsive curricula, fostering an environment that nurtures students' talents and equips them with the necessary skills and knowledge for their chosen career paths. Additionally, it can assist students in making informed choices that align with their passions and long-term goals, ultimately enhancing their employability and success in the dynamic and ever-evolving IT industry.
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Thanh, Tu Chi. "Exploring Thesis Topic Choices in Undergraduate Chinese Language Studies". Journal of Knowledge Learning and Science Technology ISSN: 2959-6386 (online) 3, n.º 1 (29 de março de 2024): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.60087/jklst.vol3.no1.p51.
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The paper discusses the importance of topic selection in research, emphasizing that the chosen topic determines the scope, depth, and content of the study. The appropriateness of the topic is crucial for the successful completion of a thesis. An ideal topic should have academic value, align with personal interests, and be suitable for the individual's research capabilities. The direction, difficulty, scale, and method of formulating the topic are all significant aspects worthy of in-depth discussion.Keywords: Topic Selection; Difficulty; Formulation; Evaluation
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Patt, Virginie M., Renee Hunsberger, Dominoe A. Jones, Margaret M. Keane e Mieke Verfaellie. "Temporal discounting when outcomes are experienced in the moment: Validation of a novel paradigm and comparison with a classic hypothetical intertemporal choice task". PLOS ONE 16, n.º 5 (14 de maio de 2021): e0251480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251480.
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When faced with intertemporal choices, people typically devalue rewards available in the future compared to rewards more immediately available, a phenomenon known as temporal discounting. Decisions involving intertemporal choices arise daily, with critical impact on health and financial wellbeing. Although many such decisions are “experiential” in that they involve delays and rewards that are experienced in real-time and can inform subsequent choices, most studies have focused on intertemporal choices with hypothetical outcomes (or outcomes delivered after all decisions are made). The present study focused on experiential intertemporal choices. First, a novel intertemporal choice task was developed and validated, using delays experienced in real time and artistic photographs as consumable perceptual rewards. Second, performance on the experiential task was compared to performance on a classic intertemporal choice task with hypothetical outcomes. Involvement of distinct processes across tasks was probed by examining differential relations to state and trait anxiety. A two-parameter logistic function framework was proposed to fit indifference point data. This approach accounts for individual variability not only in the delay at which an individual switches from choosing the delayed to more immediate option, but also in the slope of that switch. Fit results indicated that the experiential task elicited temporal discounting, with effective trade-off between delay and perceptual reward. Comparison with the hypothetical intertemporal choice task suggested distinct mechanisms: first, temporal discounting across the two tasks was not correlated; and second, state and trait anxiety both were associated with choice behavior in the experiential task, albeit in distinct ways, whereas neither was significantly associated with choice behavior in the hypothetical task. The engagement of different processes in the experiential compared to hypothetical task may align with neural evidence for the recruitment of the hippocampus in animal but not in classic human intertemporal choice studies.
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Putra, Qary, e Taufik Taufik. "The Relationship between Parental Support and the Direction of Students' Career Choices". Education and Social Sciences Review 5, n.º 1 (25 de maio de 2024): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29210/07essr401500.
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<span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Siswa SMA merupakan individu yang sedang menjalani tahap perkembangan masa remaja. Salah satu tugas perkembangan yang harus dicapai siswa sekolah menengah adalah mempersiapkan diri untuk merencanakan pekerjaan dan pendidikan selanjutnya. Fenomena yang terjadi adalah masih banyak siswa yang belum mampu memilih pekerjaan dan pendidikan lanjutan. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi siswa dalam menentukan arah pilihan karirnya adalah dukungan dari orang tuanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan orang tua dengan arah pilihan karir siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif korelasional dengan metode kuantitatif. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 252 siswa. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket dukungan orang tua dan angket pilihan karir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) rata-rata skor capaian dukungan orang tua sebesar 106,27 (75,88%) dengan kategori tinggi, (2) rata-rata skor capaian pilihan karir siswa sebesar 69,71 (69,71%) dengan kategori baik, (3) terdapat hubungan positif antara dukungan orang tua dengan arah pilihan karir siswa.</span></span>
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Lin, Michael S., Amit Sharma e Yuxia Ouyang. "Role of Signals In Consumers’ Economic Valuation of Restaurant Choices". Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 44, n.º 7 (31 de maio de 2020): 1080–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1096348020926238.
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While businesses provide “signals” related to products/services to alleviate information asymmetry and facilitate consumers’ economic valuation of their offerings, it is not always clear which of these signals is more effective. This study investigated the comparative effectiveness of signals on influencing consumers’ choices and their willingness to pay (WTP) for a restaurant meal. Results of an online stated choice experiment (N =328) suggest that local independent ownership, local sourcing, and food quality significantly influenced individuals’ choices and increased WTP for a meal. Higher food quality signal in a local and independently owned restaurant was associated with a 40% WTP price premium than in a national chain restaurant. Findings of this study contribute to our understanding of signaling factors’ relative influence on an individual’s decision. The study also offers management implications for restaurant owners on how to effectively align signals to target potential consumers.
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Kamau, Grace, Evans Aosa, Vincent Machuki e Ganesh Pokhariyal. "Corporate Governance, Strategic Choices and Performance of Financial Institutions in Kenya". International Journal of Business and Management 13, n.º 7 (17 de junho de 2018): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n7p169.
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It has been argued that corporate governance plays a critical role in determining the strategic direction of corporations. This is achieved through formulation of strategic choices that utilizes firm’s internal resources to align corporations to the external environment for optimal performances. In this study, we sought to determine the influence of corporate governance and strategic choices to the performance of financial institutions in Kenya. A cross sectional descriptive research design was adopted and, primary data collected from top executives of 108 financial institutions. We analyzed data using regression analysis. Results indicate that corporate governance and strategic choices significantly influences organizational performance. Further, the study revealed a partial mediation of strategic choices to corporate governance and organizational performance. It was concluded that besides corporate governance being a key determinant of performance in organizations, adoption of appropriate strategic choices greatly enhances the performance. The results are important to organizational leaders, policy makers, investors and all corporate stakeholders in determining optimal strategies for organizational posterity.
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Wang, Weihan. "How Brand Differentiation Influences Product Pricing Strategy Choices". Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 15, n.º 2 (27 de maio de 2024): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/9tmfae48.
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In the context of increasingly fierce market competition, brand differentiation has become a key factor for companies seeking breakthroughs. Given the diversification of consumer demands and the growing issue of product homogeneity, brand differentiation is particularly crucial. It not only enables a company to stand out among competitors but also profoundly influences product pricing strategies. Brand differentiation involves more than just image shaping; it requires developing measures that align with a company's actual situation to enhance competitiveness. By creating a unique brand image, offering personalized product features, and delivering exceptional service experiences, companies can cultivate strong consumer identification and loyalty. Therefore, brand differentiation can help companies maintain a competitive position in intense industry competition. If competitors adopt a pricing cut strategy, companies with differentiated brands can maintain or increase price levels by offering value-added services or strengthening their brand image, avoiding price wars. Consequently, when formulating market strategies, companies should emphasize the construction and utilization of brand differentiation to achieve better market performance and economic benefits.
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Aerts, Marc, Geert Molenberghs e Olivier Thas. "Graduate Education in Statistics and Data Science: The Why, When, Where, Who, and What". Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application 8, n.º 1 (7 de março de 2021): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-statistics-040620-032820.
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Organizing a graduate program in statistics and data science raises many questions, offering a variety of opportunities while presenting a multitude of choices. The call for graduate programs in statistics and data science is overwhelming. How does it align with other (future) study programs at the secondary and postsecondary levels? What could or should be the natural home for data science in academia? Who meets the entry criteria, and who does not? Which strategic choices inevitably play a prominent role when developing a curriculum? We share our views on the why, when, where, who and what.
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Musa, Muhammad Sofyan Do, e Husaen Hasan. "EXPLORING THE FACTORS SHAPING STUDENT CHOICES IN HIGHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS". International Conference of Business and Social Sciences 3, n.º 1 (16 de janeiro de 2024): 604–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24034/icobuss.v3i1.423.
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Understanding the evolving dynamics of student behavior in program selection, influenced by economic, socio-cultural, technological factors, and family influences, is of utmost importance. This study aims to explore the factors that shape students' decision-making when it comes to choosing a college. A purposive sampling method was employed, gathering responses from 53 students hailing from Morotai Island, North Maluku. The study utilized the Partial Least Square statistical analysis technique with the assistance of SmartPLS software. The findings of this research highlight that among the factors affecting decision-making, such as marketing communication, personal factors, and socio-cultural aspects, personal factors exert the most significant influence on student decision-making. This result emphasizes the significance of tailoring educational offerings to align with individual preferences and needs.
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Kaminski, Juliane, Roman Stengelin, Antje Girndt, Daniel Haun e Katja Liebal. "Understanding others’ preferences: A comparison across primate species and human societies". PLOS ONE 19, n.º 1 (17 de janeiro de 2024): e0295221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295221.
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We investigated children’s and non-human great apes’ ability to anticipate others’ choices from their evident food preferences—regardless of whether these preferences deviate or align with one’s own. We assessed children from three culturally-diverse societies (Namibia, Germany, and Samoa; N = 71; age range = 5–11) and four non-human great ape species (chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), bonobos (Pan paniscus), gorillas (Gorilla gorilla), and orangutans (Pongo abelii); N = 25; age range = 7–29) regarding their choices in a dyadic food-retrieval task. Across conditions, participants’ preferences were either aligned (same preference condition) or opposed (opposite preference condition) to those of their competitors. Children across societies altered their choices based on their competitor’s preferences, indicating a cross-culturally recurrent capacity to anticipate others’ choices relying on preferences-based inferences. In contrast to human children, all non-human great apes chose according to their own preferences but independent of those of their competitors. In sum, these results suggest that the tendency to anticipate others’ choices based on their food preferences is cross-culturally robust and, among the great apes, most likely specific to humans.
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Roodenburg, Annet J. C. "Nutrient profiling for front of pack labelling: how to align logical consumer choice with improvement of products?" Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 76, n.º 3 (agosto de 2017): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665117000337.
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The primary goal of front of pack (FOP) labelling is to help consumers make healthier choices through communication. A secondary goal is to encourage producers to improve the nutritional composition of their products. Evidence has shown that (FOP) labelling can help consumers to make healthier food choices and has been an incentive for producers to improve product composition. As FOP labelling is seen as an important tool to improve food environments for public health purposes, the WHO supports initiatives of governments to implement an FOP labelling system. Based on the experiences of a wide range of countries over many years, possible success factors for such an FOP system have been defined, six of which are discussed in the present paper and used to evaluate the Dutch Choices Programme that was started in 2006. In the course of time a large number of producers joined the programme and the logo was recognised by more than 90 % of the consumers, but by 2016 the Dutch consumer organisation argued on the basis of their own research that a quarter of the consumers did not understand the colour coding of the logo and as a result the Dutch government decided to no longer support this logo and to introduce a nutrition app. The challenge that remains is to find a system that consumers understand well and that still encourages manufacturers of food to improve product composition. New technology-based data collecting initiatives might provide the right tools to develop such a system.
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Ren, Yanfei. "The investment choices of different investors for energy companies". Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 24 (22 de janeiro de 2024): 972–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/34rw7g61.
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This research delves into the dynamic field of energy investment by investigating how different types of investors make choices regarding energy companies, employing a combination of literature analysis, data collection, and quantitative methods to explore the preferences of distinct investor categories. The central research question revolves around discerning the investment inclinations of diverse investor segments and constructing tailored investment portfolios based on their preferences, using a systematic framework encompassing data collection, data analysis, and interpretation stages. The study's main findings reveal distinct investor preferences within the energy sector, shedding light on the types of enterprises that align with different investor profiles, and thus, enabling the construction of bespoke investment portfolios that cater to these preferences. The conclusions drawn from this research hold significant application value in guiding investors, both individual and institutional, in optimizing their energy investments, fostering sustainable energy practices, and contributing to the continued evolution of the global energy landscape.
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Critch, Jeffrey N. "School nutrition: Support for providing healthy food and beverage choices in schools". Paediatrics & Child Health 25, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 2020): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxz102.
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Abstract The implementation of nutrition policies and guidelines in Canadian schools has increased the availability and consumption of nutrient-rich foods while reducing access to and consumption of foods and beverages that are high in sugars, sodium, and saturated fats. Positive changes in health outcomes for children and youth, such as improved body mass indices, have been observed. However, observed impacts of school nutrition policies on academic performance have been mixed. This statement reviews key elements of school nutrition policies, with specific focus on nutrition standards. School nutrition policies should align with recommendations in Canada’s Food Guide and promote nutrient-rich foods and beverages that are lower in saturated fat, sugar, and sodium.
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Yoon, Haewon. "Impatience and Time Inconsistency in Discounting Models". Management Science 66, n.º 12 (dezembro de 2020): 5850–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2019.3496.
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Extant theories of intertemporal choice entangle two aspects of time preference: impatience and time inconsistency. Impatient people focus on present consumption without worrying too much about the future; they may spend freely and avoid exercise. An outsider might question their choices, but impatient people do not experience conflict over those choices. By contrast, people who are time-inconsistent intend to save and exercise, but they fail to do so when temptation is proximate. Such individuals are conflicted; their preferences today differ from their preferences tomorrow. I characterize the interaction between impatience and time inconsistency in three leading models of temporal discounting that go beyond the exponential model, which does not predict time inconsistency at any level of impatience. The quasi-hyperbolic model predicts that time inconsistency increases with patience, whereas the hyperbolic model makes the opposite prediction. The constant-sensitivity model predicts that time inconsistency peaks at a moderate level of impatience. The results of an experiment using real monetary consequences with delays of up to one year align most closely with the prediction of the constant-sensitivity model. This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, judgment and decision making.
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Lau, Yui-Yip, Cristina Dragomir, Yuk-Ming Tang e Adolf K. Y. Ng. "Maritime Undergraduate Students: Career Expectations and Choices". Sustainability 13, n.º 8 (13 de abril de 2021): 4297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084297.
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The following study presents an inquiry into understanding the motivating factors of students to enroll in a maritime university and to further continue with a career in the maritime industry. By collecting data from 378 undergraduate students enrolled in various maritime programs (navigation, electromechanics, electrical engineering, and economic engineering in transport), we aimed to better understand the profiles of students, their information sources, interest, and the prospects of associated programs where they are enrolled. As such, this study seeks to enable educators and industry practitioners to better understand the educational and career paths chosen by undergraduates in the maritime field. It can align the students’ expectations with program delivery. We examined students’ perceptions and assessments according to the program they are enrolled in. Taking into account the fact that there is a world low attraction for maritime careers, the results of this study are useful for maritime education and training (MET) providers during the design and marketing campaign of the educational program to attract students. Additionally, the findings are useful for public administration and the Ministry of Education’s analysis of expanding educational and research programs, as well as for Ministry of Labour forecasting. Employers from the maritime industry can find useful the main motives for which a graduate would choose to work in this sector, business field, or a related business. Moreover, industry practitioners and academia can expand the study at a larger scale, comprising more countries and taking into account national and regional characteristics.
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Burns, Margie, Jill Bally, Meridith Burles, Lorraine Holtslander e Shelley Peacock. "Constructivist Grounded Theory or Interpretive Phenomenology? Methodological Choices Within Specific Study Contexts". International Journal of Qualitative Methods 21 (janeiro de 2022): 160940692210777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069221077758.
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Constructivist research methodologies are useful in discerning meanings of experience to subsequently inform and improve healthcare practice. For researchers who philosophically align with the constructivist paradigm, numerous methodologies are available from which to choose to address research questions. However, it can be challenging for researchers, especially novice ones, to choose the most appropriate methodology that aligns with the current state of knowledge of the identified topic, proposed research question, and the study purpose. To reduce the confusion faced by health researchers when choosing an appropriate methodology for a specific study, this paper compares two popular qualitative health research approaches: constructivist grounded theory and interpretive phenomenology. Philosophical underpinnings and the epistemological and ontological evolution of each methodology are explored with similarities and differences highlighted. Manifestation of the philosophical foundations of constructivist grounded theory and interpretive phenomenology are described in relation to data collection, analysis, and the research findings. To illustrate distinctions of each approach and support researchers in the navigation of methodological decision-making, a specific healthcare study context is presented: the rural family members’ experiences of a relative’s interhospital transfer for advanced critical care services. This study context is increasingly being recognized as an important area of healthcare research and practice. However, gaps in knowledge persist, specifically in relation to the experiences of rural family members when a critically ill relative requires an interhospital transfer to a distant urban center for advanced critical care services. Improved understanding of such experiences is necessary to inform the care provided to rural family members, potentially mitigating short and long-term negative consequences for these individuals. Within this example, the importance of the research purpose and research question within a specific study context is underscored as central to appropriate methodological decision-making.
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Galo, Agerti. "Analytical Hierarchy Process as a Decision-Making Model". European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, n.º 2 (21 de janeiro de 2017): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i2.p106-112.
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When the problems we face are complex and affect each other, then the decision making process is more difficult. In most cases we apply established policies or choices without knowing which the best choice is. To make appropriate decisions that can solve the problems encountered should be analyzed very well the reasons that create problems and their reciprocal influence. AHP helps the decision of the people who will decide the problem by taking a hierarchical structure evaluation, opinions, experiences and all information about this problem. This flexible structure enables analytical feelings and instincts to organize and align with a shape that resembles human logic. Thus this analytical flexible structure, allowing to adjust the paper instead of the mind, gives people the opportunity to intervene in the most difficult problems and complex.
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Yin, Chin-Ching, Yi-Ching Hsieh, Hung-Chang Chiu e Jhih-Ling Yu. "(Dis)satisfied with your choices? How to align online consumer’s self-awareness, time pressure and self-consciousness". European Journal of Marketing 55, n.º 8 (27 de maio de 2021): 2367–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-03-2020-0187.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, this study applies social presence theory to explore the influences of public self-awareness on consumers’ choice inconsistency and post-choice satisfaction. Second, the authors investigate how time pressure moderates the effects of self-awareness on choice inconsistency and post-choice satisfaction so that online sellers can better align their marketing strategies. Design/methodology/approach This research consists of two studies. Study 1 conducted a 3 (self-awareness: public/private/control) × 2 (time pressure: high/none) experiment, and 311 online participants were recruited to explore the influence of public self-awareness and time pressure. Study 2 used a 3 (self-awareness: public/private/control) × 2 (time pressure: high/no) × 2 (self-consciousness: high/low) quasi-experiments, and the authors used 652 online participants to examine the effect of self-awareness, time pressure and public self-consciousness on choice inconsistency and post-choice satisfaction. Findings The results indicate that publicly self-aware consumers under high time pressure show greater inconsistency than those under no time pressure. Also, people with higher public self-consciousness exhibited higher choice inconsistency and post-choice satisfaction in public self-awareness situations than those in private self-awareness and control conditions. Research limitations/implications To generalize the results, this study should be replicated using more heterogeneous populations in diverse regions and cultures, as well as other product categories. Practical implications This study explores the implications of evoking self-awareness during online consumption and the online purchase process by observing the moderating effect of self-consciousness and time pressure. The findings provide insights to marketing practitioners who seek to increase their companies’ competitive advantage and profits through effective online manipulations of consumers’ self-awareness. Originality/value Extant research does not address how time pressure affects the relationships among public self-awareness, choice inconsistency and post-choice satisfaction. In addition, prior research only focused on public self-awareness in customer consumption. This study bridges these gaps and has implications for e-commerce, consumer behavior and relationship marketing research fields.
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Åkerfeldt, Anna, e Eva Svärdemo. "Designs for Learning: A Research Approach". International Journal of Educational Methodology 7, n.º 4 (15 de novembro de 2021): 547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12973/ijem.7.4.547.
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<h2 style="text-align: justify;">In this article, we present some core ideas underpinning research that takes a Designs for Learning (DFL) approach guided by theoretical considerations and choices, as well as by practitioners’ challenges and inquiries. These choices shape, and are shaped by, DFL’s research goals and motives, theoretical orientation, research objectives, questions, and practitioners’ participation and ethical considerations. Further, we present and discuss how DFL as a research approach compares to other design-oriented research strategies. Even if a DFL research approach shares several similarities with other approaches of inquiry, we argue that it remains primarily oriented towards knowledge areas that relate to understanding and developing learning and teaching – both in formal education and in informal settings such as museums.</h2>
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Consalvo, Mia, Thorsten Busch e Carolyn Jong. "Playing a Better Me: How Players Rehearse Their Ethos via Moral Choices". Games and Culture 14, n.º 3 (17 de novembro de 2016): 216–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555412016677449.
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This article is an exploration of players’ understandings of games that offer moral dilemmas in order to explore player choice in tandem with game mechanics. We investigate how game structures, including the presence of choice, a game’s length, and avatar presentation, push players in particular ways and also how players use those systems for their own ends. We explore how players “rehearse their ethos” through gameplay and how they are continually pushing back against the magic circle. It is based on two-dozen semi-structured interviews with players conducted in 2012. It illustrates that there are no clear-cut answers—game structures, including narratives, character designs, length, or save systems, can push players to act in certain ways that may or may not align with their own beliefs and goals.
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Clifton, Shane. "Disability and the Complexity of Choice in the Ethics of Abortion and Voluntary Euthanasia". Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine 46, n.º 4 (5 de julho de 2021): 431–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhab008.
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Abstract In the polarized debates about abortion and voluntary euthanasia, disability advocates, who normally align with left-wing social forces, have tended to side with conservative and religious voices in expressing concerns about the impact of technological and sociopolitical developments on disabled futures. This paper draws on the social model of disability and the virtue ethics tradition to explain the alignment between the religious and disability perspectives, and the theory of transformative choice to highlight the limits and biases of the pro-choice logic. Yet, it also recognizes the inherent contradiction of disabled advocates taking a paternalistic position against the personal agency of women and people facing terminal illnesses. A disability perspective serves the discussion of abortion and euthanasia as an encouragement to work together for the building of a society that enables people with diverse disabilities to exist and flourish, and helps pregnant women, people facing disabling and terminal illnesses, and politicians and social influencers to make informed choices.
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Shukla, Vivekanand, Jaya Yadav, Amit Kumar Pandey e Krishna Kumar Singh. "Acclimatization of spirituality in leadership and management". Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 26, n.º 6 (2023): 1443–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47974/jsms-1160.
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The advent of organizational spirituality is the manifestation of the spirituality in certain context and the integration of personal values and beliefs with professional roles and responsibilities. Spiritual leaders help employees connect their work with a sense of purpose and meaning. They articulate a compelling vision that aligns with employees’ personal values and inspires them to contribute to a higher purpose. Comparatively, there has been less stress given so far, on how spirituality could be a tool in increasing and developing effective leadership within an organization. Spiritually oriented leaders foster an inclusive environment that respects and appreciates diverse perspectives, beliefs, and backgrounds. Leaders who integrate spirituality in the workplace emphasize ethical decision-making. Impact of the decision is based on the values of the employee, customer, community and make choices that align with their values and principles. Therefore, if primary areas of spirituality are mended then diverse dimensions of leadership can be improved.
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Paola Dameri, Renata. "Aligning post-merger information systems with corporate strategies. Empirical evidence in a bank merger". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 5, n.º 1 (15 de agosto de 2013): 446–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijmit.v5i1.4488.
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Information System integration is one of the most important challenges in post merger activities. The role of Information System in supporting business processes, products, customer relationships and the daily work of employees in the target company is central. For this reason, the IS rdesign in post-merger activities is both a threat and an opportunity: a threat, because to fail the IS integration could mean the failure of the merger; an opportunity, because to redesign the IS could help to better align it with the new strategic goals of the post-merger company and to gain better performance. However, merged companies generally aims especially at operational goals regarding IS integration, such as cost savings and risk reduction. They overlook the opportunity to align the target IS with M&A strategic aims. In this paper, the author studies the opportunity deriving from a M&A operation, to align IS with corporate strategies; theoretical considerations are supported by empirical evidence in a business case, regarding the most important Italian M&A in the banking sector. The paper suggests a set of business practices and assessment instruments to support management choices in post -merger IS integration and alignment.
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Deepwell, Katy. "The Politics and Aesthetic Choices of Feminist Art Criticism". Arts 12, n.º 2 (23 de março de 2023): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts12020063.
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This article explores feminist art criticism from the point of view of aesthetics/politics in global contemporary art. It is based on the author’s experience as an art critic and founding editor of n.paradoxa: international feminist art journal (1998–2017). Reading articles published in the previous two decades both for the journal and outside it, it became possible to identify how subjects produce specific objects in art criticism that demonstrate different locations and standpoints in thought and how these align with criticism from broader feminist political theories. This is an exploration of the aesthetics/politics both in, about and beyond feminist art criticism. The methodology presented analyses feminist art criticism using a model of clusters of concepts that draws on Anne Ring Petersen’s examination of identity politics, race and multiculturalism from 2012. Feminist analyses in which this approach has been attempted are discussed: Sue Rosser’s 2005 analysis of cyberfeminism and Tuzyline Jita Allan’s 1995 discussion of black/womanist/African feminisms. The article identifies four types of feminist art criticism: liberal feminism, materialist feminism, feminist cosmopolitan multi-culturalism, and queer post-colonial feminism. The aims, methods and approaches of these tendencies are outlined to demonstrate the differences between them. The article concludes with a discussion about the futures of feminist art criticism.
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Shukla, Abhishek. "Efficient and Optimized Usage of Various Image Formats ( JPEG/ JPG vs PNG) in Applications". Journal of Mathematical & Computer Applications 2, n.º 3 (30 de setembro de 2023): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.47363/jmca/2023(2)131.
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Images are an integral part of modern applications, ranging from websites to mobile apps and desktop software. To ensure optimal performance and user experience, developers must make informed decisions when choosing image formats. This article explores the characteristics of popular image formats such as JPEG, JPG, and PNG and provides guidelines for their efficient and optimized usage in different applications. By understanding the trade-offs between these formats, developers can make informed choices that align with their specific application requirements.
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TOMZ, MICHAEL, e ROBERT P. VAN HOUWELING. "Candidate Positioning and Voter Choice". American Political Science Review 102, n.º 3 (agosto de 2008): 303–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055408080301.
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This article examines a fundamental aspect of democracy: the relationship between the policy positions of candidates and the choices of voters. Researchers have suggested three criteria—proximity, direction, and discounting—by which voters might judge candidates' policy positions. More than 50 peer-reviewed articles, employing data from more than 20 countries, have attempted to adjudicate among these theories. We explain why existing data and methods are insufficient to estimate the prevalence of these criteria in the electorate. We then formally derive an exhaustive set of critical tests: situations in which the criteria predict different vote choices. Finally, through survey experiments concerning health care policy, we administer the tests to a nationally representative sample. We find that proximity voting is about twice as common as discounting and four times as common as directional voting. Furthermore, discounting is most prevalent among ideological centrists and nonpartisans, who make sophisticated judgments that help align policy with their preferences. These findings demonstrate the promise of combining formal theory and experiments to answer previously intractable questions about democracy.
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Mochizuki, Yasuhiro, Norihiro Harasawa, Mayank Aggarwal, Chong Chen e Haruaki Fukuda. "Foraging in a non-foraging task: Fitness maximization explains human risk preference dynamics under changing environment". PLOS Computational Biology 20, n.º 5 (13 de maio de 2024): e1012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012080.
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Changes in risk preference have been reported when making a series of independent risky choices or non-foraging economic decisions. Behavioral economics has put forward various explanations for specific effects on risk preference in non-foraging tasks, but a consensus regarding the general principle underlying these effects has not been reached. In contrast, recent studies have investigated human economic risky choices using tasks adapted from foraging theory, which require consideration of past choices and future opportunities to make optimal decisions. In these foraging tasks, human economic risky choices are explained by the ethological principle of fitness maximization, which naturally leads to dynamic risk preference. Here, we conducted two online experiments to investigate whether the principle of fitness maximization can explain risk preference dynamics in a non-foraging task. Participants were asked to make a series of independent risky economic decisions while the environmental richness changed. We found that participants’ risk preferences were influenced by the current and past environments, making them more risk-averse during and after the rich environment compared to the poor environment. These changes in risk preference align with fitness maximization. Our findings suggest that the ethological principle of fitness maximization might serve as a generalizable principle for explaining dynamic preferences, including risk preference, in human economic decision-making.
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Tahir, Md Nor Hayati, Mohd Fazli Mohd. Sam, Mazidah Said e Mohd Fauzi Kamarudin. "Assessing the Relative Importance of Competitive Priorities that Influence Consumers’ Choices in Mobile Phone Services". International Journal of Business and Management 10, n.º 12 (19 de novembro de 2015): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v10n12p80.
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 9.6pt; mso-para-margin-bottom: .8gd;">Mobile telecommunication usage is a necessity to assure that someone is connected and accessible in a network. This study focuses on the elements that influence the customer’s choice in mobile services, namely the cost/price, quality, time/delivery, flexibility, service and innovation. The objective of this study is to examine the significant importance of competitive priorities of elements that influence consumers’ choices in mobile phone services and further to rank all the elements based on the level of importance from the consumers’ points of view. The study focuses on mobile users in Melaka, Malaysia and data gathering is mechanized by a questionnaire. Data has been analyzed descriptively and further correlated and regressed. The analysis found that competitive priority elements as ranked according to priority are quality, cost, flexibility, time, service and innovation. This findings is useful for telecommunication providers towards improvement of service, as well as to achieve customers’ satisfaction.</p>
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Wang, Zhao, e Aron Culotta. "When Do Words Matter? Understanding the Impact of Lexical Choice on Audience Perception Using Individual Treatment Effect Estimation". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (17 de julho de 2019): 7233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33017233.
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Studies across many disciplines have shown that lexical choice can affect audience perception. For example, how users describe themselves in a social media profile can affect their perceived socio-economic status. However, we lack general methods for estimating the causal effect of lexical choice on the perception of a specific sentence. While randomized controlled trials may provide good estimates, they do not scale to the potentially millions of comparisons necessary to consider all lexical choices. Instead, in this paper, we first offer two classes of methods to estimate the effect on perception of changing one word to another in a given sentence. The first class of algorithms builds upon quasi-experimental designs to estimate individual treatment effects from observational data. The second class treats treatment effect estimation as a classification problem. We conduct experiments with three data sources (Yelp, Twitter, and Airbnb), finding that the algorithmic estimates align well with those produced by randomized-control trials. Additionally, we find that it is possible to transfer treatment effect classifiers across domains and still maintain high accuracy.
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Ahmad, Widiyanto*,, Ahmad Nurkhin, Arief Yulianto e Norzaidi Mohd. "Multinomial Logistic Regression for The Analysis of Career Decision Style in Teacher Education". European Journal of Educational Research 12, n.º 1 (15 de janeiro de 2023): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.12.1.329.
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<p style="text-align: justify;">This study aims to identify students' styles of career choices. The second aim is to investigate what factors influence career choice style. The third aim is to determine whether all students of education programs want to become teachers one day. This research model is a relational model that uses multinomial logistic regression. The research population was Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) students of education programs from five faculties in 2018. The number of people in the population was 4,531, and the participants were 220 students. The data analysis consisted of the multinomial logistic regression method. The results showed that the model met the requirements for use. Factors affecting career decisions are gathering information, locus of control, decision-making speed, and aspiration of an ideal career. Career choice has five styles: rational, intuitive, spontaneous, dependent, and avoidant. Accordingly, the spontaneous style is most commonly used by students. The other result shows that the factor that most influences students in choosing a style is pursuing an ideal career.</p>
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Kusmaryono, Imam, e Dyana Wijayanti. "Number of Response Options, Reliability, Validity, and Potential Bias in the Use of the Likert Scale Education and Social Science Research: A Literature Review". International Journal of Educational Methodology 8, n.º 4 (15 de novembro de 2022): 625–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12973/ijem.8.4.625.
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<p style="text-align: justify;">This study reviews 60 papers using a Likert scale and published between 2012 – 2021. Screening for literature review uses the PRISMA method. The data analysis technique was carried out through data extraction, then synthesized in a structured manner using the narrative method. To achieve credible research results at the stage of the data collection and data analysis process, a group discussion forum (FGD) was conducted. The findings show that only 10% of studies use a measurement scale with an even answer choice category (4, 6, 8, or 10 choices). In general, (90%) of research uses a measurement instrument that involves a Likert scale with odd response choices (5, 7, 9, or 11) and the most popular researchers use a Likert scale with a total response of 5 points. The use of a rating scale with an odd number of responses of more than five points (especially on a seven-point scale) is the most effective in terms of reliability and validity coefficients, but if the researcher wants to direct respondents to one side, then a scale with an even number of responses (six points) is possible. more suitable. The presence of response bias and central tendency bias can affect the validity and reliability of the use of the Likert scale instrument.</p>
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DeFillippi, Robert, e Thorsten Roser. "Aligning the co-creation project portfolio with company strategy". Strategy & Leadership 42, n.º 1 (14 de janeiro de 2014): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sl-10-2013-0075.
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Purpose – An important task for all strategy leaders contemplating the use of co-creation is to determine how well the numerous co-creation project-design choices available to them align with their strategic priorities. Design/methodology/approach – In order to implement co-creation, firms need to assess how their projects or initiatives support their strategic commitments and priorities. To this end, the authors offer managers a practical, easy-to-use assessment framework. Findings – Executives should consider their approach to co-creation in terms of crafting and managing a portfolio of initiatives to be categorized and managed differently according to their strategic significance – high, medium or low. Practical implications – A six-question assessment framework was inductively derived from an extensive literature review (113 articles) focusing on practices associated with co-creation and stakeholder involvement. Though they do not represent an exhaustive list of categories for assessment, they do, however, identify strategically important choices involved in designing co-creation ventures. Originality/value – The six-question assessment framework is applied to the case of the Xerox-P&G co-innovation partnership, which illustrates how such significant co-creation initiatives might be profiled, and their main design choices analyzed.
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Zhao, Lingyu. "Today's College Students' Aesthetic Mechanisms from an Algorithmic Re-domestication Perspective". Communications in Humanities Research 30, n.º 1 (17 de maio de 2024): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/30/20231620.
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The emergence of short video platforms has undeniably brought about a significant transformation in society. The process of re-domestication involves the adaptation of individuals' interactions with and utilization of previous technologies. The advent of the internet and the subsequent proliferation of novel social media platforms have engendered a plethora of new societal impacts. Social media platforms, including TikTok, are believed to have a substantial influence on the aesthetic preferences of college students. The choice to re-domesticate the media is a rebellion against the more anxiety-inducing aspects of society. It is apparent from casual conversations that present-day university students exhibit a discerning mindset when confronted with aesthetic unease stemming from TikTok algorithms. Individuals continue to prioritize their initial choices and demonstrate this through practical application, thereby reconfiguring the algorithms to align with their personal aesthetic tastes. A significant proportion of college students engage in critical analysis of media information, expressing a sense of disillusionment towards the prevalence of comparisons seen on the internet.
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Hollin, Ilene L., Juan Marcos González, Lisabeth Buelt, Michael Ciarametaro e Robert W. Dubois. "Do Patient Preferences Align With Value Frameworks? A Discrete-Choice Experiment of Patients With Breast Cancer". MDM Policy & Practice 5, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2020): 238146832092801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2381468320928012.
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Purpose. Assess patient preferences for aspects of breast cancer treatments to evaluate and inform the usual assumptions in scoring rubrics for value frameworks. Methods. A discrete-choice experiment (DCE) was designed and implemented to collect quantitative evidence on preferences from 100 adult female patients with a self-reported physician diagnosis of stage 3 or stage 4 breast cancer. Respondents were asked to evaluate some of the treatment aspects currently considered in value frameworks. Respondents’ choices were analyzed using logit-based regression models that produced preference weights for each treatment aspect considered. Aggregate- and individual-level preferences were used to assess the relative importance of treatment aspects and their variability across respondents. Results. As expected, better clinical outcomes were associated with higher preference weights. While life extensions with treatment were considered to be most important, respondents assigned great value to out-of-pocket cost of treatment, treatment route of administration, and the availability of reliable tests to help gauge treatment efficacy. Two respondent classes were identified in the sample. Differences in class-specific preferences were primarily associated with route of administration, out-of-pocket treatment cost, and the availability of a test to gauge treatment efficacy. Only patient cancer stage was found to be correlated with class assignment ( P = 0.035). Given the distribution of individual-level preference estimates, preference for survival benefits are unlikely to be adequately described with two sets of preference weights. Conclusions. Although value frameworks are an important step in the systematic evaluation of medications in the context of a complex treatment landscape, the frameworks are still largely driven by expert judgment. Our results illustrate issues with this approach as patient preferences can be heterogeneous and different from the scoring weights currently provided by the frameworks.
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Farrell, Anne M., Joshua O. Goh e Brian J. White. "The Effect of Performance-Based Incentive Contracts on System 1 and System 2 Processing in Affective Decision Contexts: fMRI and Behavioral Evidence". Accounting Review 89, n.º 6 (1 de julho de 2014): 1979–2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-50852.
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ABSTRACT Managers may rely on emotional reactions to a setting to the detriment of economic considerations (“System 1 processing”), resulting in decisions that are costly for firms. While economic theory prescribes performance-based incentives to align goals and induce effort, psychology theory suggests that the salience of emotions is difficult to overcome without also inducing more deliberate consideration of both emotional and economic factors (“System 2 processing”). We link these perspectives by investigating whether performance-based incentives mitigate the costly influence of emotion by inducing more System 2 processing. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging and traditional experiments, we investigate managers' brain activity and choices under fixed wage and performance-based contracts. Under both, brain regions associated with System 1 processing are more active when emotion is present. Relative to fixed wage contracts, performance-based contracts induce System 2 processing in emotional contexts beyond that observed absent emotion, and decrease the proportion of economically costly choices. Data Availability: Contact the authors.
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Coutts, Leah. "Selecting motivating repertoire for adult piano students: A transformative pedagogical approach". British Journal of Music Education 35, n.º 3 (13 de junho de 2018): 285–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051718000074.
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Selecting repertoire that adult piano students find motivating and musically satisfying is more complex than simply finding pieces that are aurally pleasing. Drawing on theories of motivation, adult learning and transformative pedagogy, this practitioner-based study describes how the author learned to involve her students in the selection process, to align repertoire with their tastes and goals, and to understand the impact of students’ values, expectations and perceptions of learning on their engagement with repertoire learned. It is hoped that the experiences and theories shared herein inspire teachers to reflect on their own pedagogical choices regarding repertoire selection.
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Ezeaku, N. I., A. C. Uzorh, O. O. Obiukwu, S. I. Godwin e D. A. Ekpechi. "Quantitative Models for Supply Chain Risk Analysis in Water Tank Manufacturing: A Case Study of a Factory in Aba, Nigeria". Asian Journal of Current Research 9, n.º 1 (5 de janeiro de 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/ajocr/2024/v9i18483.
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Quantitative models for supply chain risk analysis of water tank manufacturing company factory Aba, Abia state has been studied. Aba being one of the biggest cities known for commercial activities in southern part of Nigeria, couple the weight of weight and area of a water tank, has made the supply mechanism of the product costly. This study delves into the complexities of supply chain management, aiming to identify risk assessment models, vulnerabilities, propose optimal scenarios, and recommend enhanced risk management strategies. Risk factors identification, route time estimation, critical path analysis, cost-related risk assessment, comparison of logistic choices, and decision tree and mitigation were used to instigate and determine the best path for the supply flow of the system and save cost. From the results obtained, the analysis reveals that PATH 6 is the most time-efficient route, with the critical path identified as 62 hours, furthermore, two transportation/logistic choices were compared, with the second choice considered more cost-effective (N6.6m) than the first (N6.9m), the developed decision tree model, explores vulnerabilities in the supply chain and proposes mitigation strategies. This research has suggested some applicable guides to optimize supply chain managements, which includes partnering with distributors, leasing warehouses, or collaborating with retailers, with each decision weighed against various factors and costs to align with the company's best interests. The study underscores the importance of considering every component of the supply chain during decision-making to effectively mitigate risks.
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Yustisiana, Arielia, e Christina Maya Iriana Sari. "Individualism and Nonconformity in Robert Frost’s “The Road Not Taken”". Anaphora : Journal of Language, Literary, and Cultural Studies 6, n.º 2 (29 de dezembro de 2023): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/anaphora.v6i2.8907.
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The research entitled Individualism and Nonconformity in Robert Frost’s “The Road Not Taken” is cultural study about literature. Written in 1915 in England, "The Road Not Taken" is one of Robert Frost's—and the world's most well-known poems. The poem implicitly delved individualism and nonconformity. The poem can be interpreted as a critique of people’s propensity to second-guess their decisions and think that they would have turned out better. It poses doubts regarding the influence of personal decisions on a person’s life journey and casts doubt on the idea that one path is fundamentally superior than another. Therefore, it became the topic to discuss. It was revealed using poetic devices, that is, metaphor and symbols. Metaphor and symbol are included in sense devices, therefore the theory of figure of speech was used. In order to verbalize individualism and nonconformity in the poem, theory of identity from Stryker (1980) was useful. It was descriptive research and there were two literary approaches used in the research, structural and formalistic approach. It was found that the speaker in the poem, faced with a choice between two roads, takes the road "less travelled," a decision which he or she supposes "made all the difference." The poem beautifully explores the idea of individualism and nonconformity by presenting the choice of a diverging road as a metaphor for life's decisions. The poem encourages readers to embrace their unique identities and make choices that align with their values, even if it means going against societal norms. It celebrates the importance of personal agency and the transformative power of unconventional choices.
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He, He, Roberto Ponce-Lopez, Jingsi Shaw, Diem-Trinh Le, Joseph Ferreira e P. Christopher Zegras. "Representing Accessibility: Evidence from Vehicle Ownership Choices and Property Valuations in Singapore". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, n.º 2 (fevereiro de 2019): 724–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119825831.
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This paper compares the relative performance of different measures of accessibility in relevant models. Specifically, the authors formulated three measures of accessibility: gravity-based accessibility, an aggregate measure of potential; trip-based accessibility, a disaggregate, utility-based measure of the value of travel alternatives; and activity-based accessibility, a theoretically richer disaggregate, utility-based measure of the value of alternative activities (including travel). These accessibility measures were used as explanatory variables in household vehicle ownership models and real estate market price models, comparing the explanatory power of each accessibility measure in each model as expressed by the confidence in the coefficient estimates and captured by the models’ goodness-of-fit statistics. It was found that trip-based accessibility best represents preferences for accessibility in both vehicle ownership decisions and property valuations. This supports the theoretical value of disaggregate, utility-based accessibility measures over aggregate, potential-based measures. The fact that trip-based measures perform better than activity-based accessibility measures underscores several empirical and technical limitations. Finally, the authors noted that accurately representing accessibility preferences requires congruence between the granularity of the accessibility measure and that of the explained behavior. This emphasizes the importance of understanding what accessibility measures actually capture and ensuring that they align with the analysis purpose.
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Karway, George, Julia Ivanova, Tina Kaing, Michael Todd, Darwyn Chern, Anita Murcko, Kazi Syed et al. "My data choices: Pilot evaluation of patient-controlled medical record sharing technology". Health Informatics Journal 28, n.º 4 (outubro de 2022): 146045822211438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14604582221143893.
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Patients desire greater control over sharing their digital health data. Consent2Share (C2S) is an open-source consent tool offered by SAMHA and the VA to support granular data sharing (GDS) options that align with patient preferences and data privacy regulations. The need to validate this tool exists. We pilot tested C2S with 199 English and Spanish-speaking patients with behavioral health conditions (BHCs) and patient guardians. Data were analyzed using mixed methodology. All participants desired granular control over the sharing of their health data. Most participants (87%) were highly interested in using a tool that offered granular options for executing data sharing decisions, with over half (55%) indicated that being able to specify the data type, data recipient, and data use purpose made them more willing to share their medical records. Majority (83%) indicated that the supported data type sharing categories satisfied their data-sharing privacy preferences. Majority (87%) also reported that knowing the purpose of data use made them more comfortable in sharing. Some participants (28%) accessed the education materials provided on data type sharing options. Patients want granular choices when sharing medical records. Consent2Share and its supported data type sharing categories are adequate to capture patients’ data sharing preferences. Further development is needed before deployment in clinical environments.
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Conley, Timothy G., e Christopher R. Udry. "Learning about a New Technology: Pineapple in Ghana". American Economic Review 100, n.º 1 (1 de março de 2010): 35–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.100.1.35.
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This paper investigates the role of social learning in the diffusion of a new agricultural technology in Ghana. We use unique data on farmers' communication patterns to define each individual's information neighborhood. Conditional on many potentially confounding variables, we find evidence that farmers adjust their inputs to align with those of their information neighbors who were surprisingly successful in previous periods. The relationship of these input adjustments to experience further indicates the presence of social learning. In addition, applying the same method to input choices for another crop, of known technology, correctly indicates an absence of social learning effects. (JEL D83, O13, O33, Q16)
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Babu, Prof K. Karthick. "AI Based Personalized Recommendation of Career Guidance for Students". International Journal of Innovative Research in Information Security 10, n.º 03 (30 de abril de 2024): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26562/ijiris.2024.v1003.17.
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This paper is devoted to solving the problem of determining the career guidance of student using Artificial Intelligence systems. This paper proposes an AI-based web application approach for personalized career recommendations, leveraging the strengths of Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and XG Boost algorithms. By integrating these techniques, the proposed system aims to overcome limitations of existing methods and deliver more accurate, contextually relevant Career suggestions to students. The web application was developed by Python and uses Keras ,Numpy,Pandas libraries. Result of this paper can be used to inform the students with informed career choices that align with their unique attributes and aspirations, thereby enhancing their successful career.
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Azeredo, Gabriel, Ana Burcharth e Douglas Wegner. "The Impact of Governance Tensions on Disaffiliation from Interorganizational Networks". Administrative Sciences 14, n.º 6 (27 de maio de 2024): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci14060113.
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Collaboration in interorganizational networks requires specific governance choices to align participants with collective goals. However, these choices often fail to mitigate conflicts and may catalyze tensions that lead to disaffiliation. This study investigates four critical tensions identified in existing literature: (1) efficiency versus inclusion in decision-making; (2) flexibility versus stability; (3) internal versus external legitimacy; and (4) unity versus diversity. Through a case study of a credit union that disaffiliated from a cooperative network, we explore how these tensions manifest and their repercussions on both the network’s functionality and the behavior of its members. Our findings reveal that such governance tensions can be harmful both to the network and to the participating organizations. Tensions between unity and diversity, stability and flexibility, and external and internal legitimacy can compromise the effectiveness of the network and even hinder participating organizations in conducting their business. In extreme situations, these tensions contribute to the strategic decision to disaffiliate. This research extends theoretical understanding by delineating the specific impact of governance tensions on exit decisions within interorganizational networks.
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Pessiglione, Mathias. "Fais comme tu veux : la libération par la délibération". Intellectica. Revue de l'Association pour la Recherche Cognitive 75, n.º 2 (2021): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/intel.2021.2006.
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Do What You Want: When Deliberation Means Liberation. The ongoing debate about free will in cognitive neuroscience, which started with the first experiments on the timing of mental and cerebral events, has been focused on whether the feeling of exerting conscious volition can be causally responsible of elementary movements such as moving the index finger. While the metaphysical issue is not solved, there is a consensus about the dissociation between neural processes that cause movements and those that generate the impression of free volition. This paper reviews empirical arguments in favor of a similar departure, regarding more elaborate decisions that involve subjective preferences, between actual causes of choices and reasons advanced for their justification. Indeed, the literature on decision bias shows that reasons are often elaborated post-hoc, to align choices on coherent norms that their real causes may not respect. It thus becomes clear that the functional architecture of the brain, shaped by natural selection, imposes hidden constraints on preferences, which may vary across individuals, or across time in a same individual. It has also been observed that particular choices do not always follow general preferences, which is formalized as random variations in decision-making models, but likely reflects incomplete knowledge of the brain system. However, as neural constraints are progressively uncovered, we can incorporate them into deliberation, hence emancipate from automatic compulsions, and therefore win some degrees of freedom.
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Rahmandad, Hazhir, e Zeynep Ton. "If Higher Pay Is Profitable, Why Is It So Rare? Modeling Competing Strategies in Mass Market Services". Organization Science 31, n.º 5 (setembro de 2020): 1053–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2019.1347.
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Several case studies suggest that firms targeting mass market services can align profitability with jobs offering a living wage, stable schedules, and engaging work. Yet, few do. To understand this puzzle, we draw on theories of firms as systems of interdependent choices. Building on a few cases, we map the processes connecting managerial choice to performance and formalize the resulting performance landscape. In a strategy space defined by two dimensions—task richness and compensation—two local profitability peaks emerge: one with low compensation and low task richness and one with high compensation and high task richness. The bimodal landscape results from complementarity among choices and is robust when the strategy space is expanded from two to six dimensions and under many alternative parameterizations. Exploring how firms discover, move to, and remain at the high-compensation–high-task richness peak, we find three challenges to this strategy: (a) contextuality—adoption, imitation, and replication are harder for strategies that rely on interdependences among components and thus, require significant customization for each context; (b) temporal complexity—strategies depending on long-term and synergistic investments and slow-moving reinforcing feedbacks are hard to learn owing to misleading performance feedback; and (c) variable demand with no inventory buffers—efforts to adjust labor supply to highly variable demand in services often lead to unstable schedules given with short notice that drive quality employees away and compromise the strategy. These mechanisms can undermine promising strategies even if the actual performance landscape includes a small number of local peaks.
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Souza, Flaida Êmine Alves de, Reiner Alves Botinha e Sirlei Lemes. "A COMPARABILIDADE DAS ESCOLHAS CONTÁBEIS NA MENSURAÇÃO DE ATIVOS INTANGÍVEIS DE COMPANHIAS ABERTAS BRASILEIRAS E PORTUGUESAS". RACE - Revista de Administração, Contabilidade e Economia 15, n.º 3 (4 de outubro de 2016): 1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.18593/race.v15i3.8080.
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<p>Com o fluxo das relações entre os mercados financeiros, surge a importância da comparabilidade das demonstrações contábeis entre entidades de um mesmo país, assim como entre entidades de países diferentes. Nesse sentido, com o estudo buscou-se identificar o grau de comparabilidade das demonstrações financeiras de 230 companhias abertas, sendo 184 entidades do Brasil e 43 entidades de Portugal, em relação às escolhas contábeis em ativos intangíveis (IAS 38), no período de 2010 a 2012. As escolhas contábeis analisadas relacionaram-se à mensuração dos ativos intangíveis, ou seja, ao reconhecimento, à avaliação e ao <em>impairment</em>. A comparabilidade dentro e entre países foi medida pelo índice T (Índice de Taplin), e buscou-se verificar o comportamento do índice ao longo do período analisado. Os resultados mostraram que, apesar das escolhas contábeis presentes na norma IAS 38, observou-se comparabilidade entre as práticas contábeis em ativos intangíveis das empresas do Brasil e de Portugal, em todos os períodos analisados. Entretanto, essa comparabilidade registrou-se média e decrescente ao longo do tempo. Fato curioso aponta maiores índices de comparabilidade em itens com maior número de escolhas contábeis. Outro resultado a se destacar é que, apesar de as empresas brasileiras exibirem maior comparabilidade, as empresas portuguesas apresentaram-se mais harmônicas no sentido de as entidades manterem as mesmas escolhas contábeis ao longo do tempo.</p><p>Palavras-chave: Comparabilidade. Escolhas contábeis. Ativo intangível. Índice T.</p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong><em>The Comparability of Accounting Choices in the Measurement of Intangible Assets of Brazilian and Portuguese Listed Companies</em></strong></p><p align="center"><em>Abstract</em></p><p> </p><p><em>With the flow of the relationship between financial markets, arises the importance of comparability of financial statements between entities within a country and between entities of different countries. In this sense, with the study it was seeked to identify the degree of comparability of financial statements of 230 listed companies, with 184 entities in Brazil and 43 entities in Portugal, in relation to the accounting choices in intangible assets (IAS 38) for the period from 2010 to 2012. The analyzed accounting choices related to the measurement of intangible assets, ie the recognition, evaluation and impairment. The comparability within and between countries was measured by T-score (Taplin Index), and sought to verify the behavior of the index over the period analyzed. The results showed that despite the accounting choices present in the standard IAS 38, it observed comparability between the accounting practices in intangible assets of companies from Brazil and Portugal, in all periods analyzed. However, this comparison recorded medium and decreasing over time. Interesting fact points greater comparability rates on items with the highest number of accounting choices. Another result to stand out, is that although Brazilian companies exhibit greater comparability, Portuguese companies presented more harmonic towards the entities remain the same accounting choices over time.</em></p><p><em>Keywords: Comparability. Accounting choices. Intangible asset. </em><em>T-Index.</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p>