Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Changements, dans les médias"
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Wille, Fabien. "Le sport, un opérateur de changements dans la production médiatique : le modèle du Tour de France". Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100141.
Texto completo da fonteVokou, Antigoni. "Les représentations du changement climatique dans les médias écrits belges francophones". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/217768.
Texto completo da fonteDoctorat en Information et communication
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Forestier, Yann. "L’École, exception médiatique. La presse face aux enjeux des changements pédagogiques, 1959-2008". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040048.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis questions the intensity of the debates, controversies and polemics that revolve around the school question in France, by studying the speech developed in the general written press between 1959 and 2008, i.e. during the five decades when the domination of the stakes linked to the democratization of second-degree schooling and the affirmation of national general press as a framing authority of the intellectual debates meet. Based on the statistic analysis of important samples of a corpus of 8500 articles, this work seeks to link the content of these texts to the realities they claim to reflect, putting in relief the representations they contribute to work out and to mobilize. At the same time, it reviews the conditions of the treatment of information as shaped by the press – whose priorities and methods evolve – on a school matter with its specific identity stakes and current changes that affect in different ways the various categories of actors expressing themselves in newspapers
Forestier, Yann. "L’École, exception médiatique. La presse face aux enjeux des changements pédagogiques, 1959-2008". Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040048.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis questions the intensity of the debates, controversies and polemics that revolve around the school question in France, by studying the speech developed in the general written press between 1959 and 2008, i.e. during the five decades when the domination of the stakes linked to the democratization of second-degree schooling and the affirmation of national general press as a framing authority of the intellectual debates meet. Based on the statistic analysis of important samples of a corpus of 8500 articles, this work seeks to link the content of these texts to the realities they claim to reflect, putting in relief the representations they contribute to work out and to mobilize. At the same time, it reviews the conditions of the treatment of information as shaped by the press – whose priorities and methods evolve – on a school matter with its specific identity stakes and current changes that affect in different ways the various categories of actors expressing themselves in newspapers
Girard, Aurélie. "L'intégration des médias sociaux dans les stratégies d'e-GRH : le cas du recrutement". Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20158/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis work addresses the issue of the integration of social media in recruitment strategies of organizations. Although the number of recruiters using websites like Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin or Viadeo is constantly growing, both theoretical and practical knowledge of these innovative usages remains limited. In order to better understand these usages and build an appropriate analytical framework, two complementary theoretical fields were mobilized, social capital theory and improvisational theory. Following a preliminary study to refine the initial questioning, four case studies were conducted among two recruitment agencies and two companies that have implemented innovative strategies. Finally, to validate a part of the results and add a prospective vision, a Delphi study was then carried out on a panel of 34 experts.These different studies reveal two main practices developed by organizations: employer brand management and operational recruitment. Social media appear not to be similar but complementary with the previous means of recruitment. They allow organizations to adapt to new applicant behaviors and develop their relational capital. However, their mere usage is not always synonymous with relational approach. In addition, the valuation of tinkering and improvisation proves pertinent to better integrate social media in recruitment strategies. Their integration modifies the place and role of HR professionals in terms of skills, responsibilities and strategic importance. However, this study highlights different challenges to overcome
Queiroz, Maria Alice Lemos de. "Acte médical, différence des sexes et métamorphose sexuelle : les médicalisations et les représentations du corps sexué dans les conceptions sur l'hermaphrodisme, la masturbation, la pédérastie, l'inversion sexuelle et le transsexualisme". Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070083.
Texto completo da fonteFrom a questioning of the theorietical basis for hormono-surgical treatments for "sexe changing" in transsexualism, we have resolved to perform wider research, including an historical approach, laying emphasis on other medical conceptions which, iike the ones on transsexualism, also referred to the idea of a sexual metamorphosis of the sexual body. It seems that we find in the history of medical concepts about the sexual body three different constructions in ils trend towards "metamorphosis" :the antique and Renaissance-inspired idea of a body naturally subject to metamorphosis (i. E. The woman (female) body), the "enlightenment age"- inspired and modem approach of two bodies illegitimately susceptible to be metamorphosed (the woman (female) body and, from this moment on, the male body and the contemporary idea of two bodies susceptible to be transformed with medical assistance (more often the male body but also the female body). One of our working hypothesis seem indicate out that, in some médical conceptions on sexual ambiguities, sexual deviancies and transsexualism, the most important medical interventions were most of the time guided by a representation of the sexual body, imbued with values which were normative, ideological and above ail fantastical. This leads to raise the following questions : Are the medical representations of the sexual body and on the difference between sexes, which are supposed to legitimate the medical intervention, supported by exclusively medically based knowledge, or are they elaborated from considerations associated with ideals and fantasies of a period and a culture ? Behind the positivist and very pragmatict views expressed regarding transsexualism and its treatment, are there any atavistic traces of philosophical and médical representations of thé sexual body and its metamorphosis, that exist ed in the past '
Barbery, Julie. "Changement de cadre légal dans le secteur social et médico-social et impacts sur la culture organisationnelle et les pratiques professionnelles". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30097/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe work of this thesis considers the organizational culture as a dependent variable, crossing multiple influences, possibly impacted by the changing of the law of January 02nd, 2002 renewing the medical and medical-social action. Il does not try to extract universal laws, but joins rather in an idiographic prospect and pursues a double objective: -1- describe the transformation of the culture of an establishment according the model of the competing values of Quinn (Quinn and Cameron, 1983; Quinn and Rohrbaugh, 1983; Cameron and Quinn, 2006), -2- qualify and quantify the implementation of the tools’slaw as well as the perception of the agents in this respect. Whereas the social and medical- social sector presented a professional culture of model type of public utility ( Sainsaulieu , 1985; Francfort and al , 1995). For this prospect, we have observed an institution that we think representative of this sector during three years while the tools laws have been elaborated then implemented. We postulated that the organization culture of this institution would be directed towards human relations during the first collecting data. We postulated also that it will go progressively toward the rules with the implementation of the tool’s law: this one is more representative of organizations that are guide to the rules values. The research proves that organizational culture is mixed, that the rule takes the lead before human relations, as early as the first collecting data. In another way, the professional cultures and the personal preferences are oriented toward human relations. During the implementation of the tool’s law, according managerial practices that respect the principles of organizational justice, and that favor organizational commitment, we observe an integration of the cultural pattern on a level of personal preferences and professional cultures
Kruks, Sergueï. "Construction des identités des acteurs sociaux dans le discours politique : analyse socio-sémio-culturelle de la communication en Lettonie". Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020027.
Texto completo da fonteSagno, Jean-Edouard. "Questionner des pratiques culturelles dans le champ de la communication : le cas des mutilations corporelles féminines en République de Guinée". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0416.
Texto completo da fonteSummary of the thesis The thesis focuses on the analysis of the contribution of communication in the fight against bodily mutilations, in this case that of excision or female circumcision (which is the most widespread practice) of women in the Republic of Guinea. These practices of bodily mutilations are still often presented as cultural practices inscribed in cultural tradition and identity. The "keep the rite, not the mutilation" approach promotes the rites of excision, clitoridectomy and infibulation, the values that are bequeathed to young girls during the initiation ceremony. In 2012 and 2014, the United Nations General Assembly devoted two (2) important resolutions to the fight against female genitale mutilations (on December 20, 2012, Resolution A / RES / 67/146 and in December 2014, Resolution A / RES / 69/150). For our part, through this research work, we have neither promoted the rite, since better ways of transmitting culture exist today, nor that of mutilation because of its effects on the health of the reproduction. We have tried to understand, from the grids of communication intelligibility, how these practices can evolve and have advocated some solutions by mobilizing approaches in the field of the sciences of information and communication. It was therefore necessary to reform the "communication" to put it at the center of the concerns of the rulers with a view to bringing practitioners to a cultural change of gradually abandoning practices that are several thousand years old
Sagno, Jean-Edouard. "Questionner des pratiques culturelles dans le champ de la communication : le cas des mutilations corporelles féminines en République de Guinée". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0416/document.
Texto completo da fonteSummary of the thesis The thesis focuses on the analysis of the contribution of communication in the fight against bodily mutilations, in this case that of excision or female circumcision (which is the most widespread practice) of women in the Republic of Guinea. These practices of bodily mutilations are still often presented as cultural practices inscribed in cultural tradition and identity. The "keep the rite, not the mutilation" approach promotes the rites of excision, clitoridectomy and infibulation, the values that are bequeathed to young girls during the initiation ceremony. In 2012 and 2014, the United Nations General Assembly devoted two (2) important resolutions to the fight against female genitale mutilations (on December 20, 2012, Resolution A / RES / 67/146 and in December 2014, Resolution A / RES / 69/150). For our part, through this research work, we have neither promoted the rite, since better ways of transmitting culture exist today, nor that of mutilation because of its effects on the health of the reproduction. We have tried to understand, from the grids of communication intelligibility, how these practices can evolve and have advocated some solutions by mobilizing approaches in the field of the sciences of information and communication. It was therefore necessary to reform the "communication" to put it at the center of the concerns of the rulers with a view to bringing practitioners to a cultural change of gradually abandoning practices that are several thousand years old
Moulin, Pierre. "Soins palliatifs et sida : permanence et changements des cultures soignantes : étude psychosociologique des professionnels de santé confrontés à la prise en charge des patients sidéens en fin de vie dans deux services de l'Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris". Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0097.
Texto completo da fonteLalau, Jean-Daniel. "La metabolè : le changement dans la relation de soin en nutrition". Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MARN0383.
Texto completo da fonteOHARA, TOMOKO. "Les changements climatiques dans l'oeuvre de proust". Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA070079.
Texto completo da fonteThe data that literature broaches are inextricably linked to the problem of nostalgia. So that we have tried, at first, to establish the idea of nostalgia according to the definition of psychoanalysis. As a second step, we have worked on proust's thinking in relation to time, in his work remembrance of things past, which gave him a solution to nostalgia and which forms the leading thread of remembrance of things past. As far as literary technique is concerned, proust introduces the cities of what he calls "a psychology in space" and the weather alterations, which serve to free nostalgia, and in which he saw two principal themes. We have analysed them as the problem between self and object
Ravatua-Smith, William Samuel. "The Art of Binding Communications : From Face to Face to Computer Mediated Communication in the Domain of Humanitarian Actions". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUL0017.
Texto completo da fonteThis research is in the field of binding communications. A number of previous studies have focused on the practice of binding communications in the face-to-face setting. This research provides a contribution to the field with novel experiments of binding communication in the context of computer mediated communications. It is a true interdisciplinary research with foundations in social psychology, information communication sciences and information communication technology. The research question is to examine the implementation of binding communication techniques in the computer mediated setting. To answer this question, fieldwork was carried out on the theme of humanitarianism on the Web. The online communication strategies of popular humanitarian organizations have been extensively studied. Subsequently, fieldwork was structured around several experiments conducted in the face-to-face and online settings in a humanitarian context. The choice was made to focus our experimental studies in real world conditions as opposed to developing laboratory setting tests. If the effectiveness of binding communication strategies is undeniable in the face-to-face setting, the results are less convincing in our experiments conducted in the computer mediated environment. This research paves the way for future critical analyses needed in order to better understand the results obtained from our experimentations
Cissé, Badara. "L'information locale dans les médias au Sénégal". Bordeaux 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR30005.
Texto completo da fonteThe local news in senegal remains a monopoly of press establishments, settled by the state according to its regional news policies. That's why the news are in most cases dominated by institution's sources and goes in a single direction from authority to the population
Maatouk, Mustapha. "La publicité dans les médias au Maroc". Paris 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA020058.
Texto completo da fonteLoicq, Marlène. "Médias et interculturalité : l'éducation aux médias dans une perspective comparative internationale (Australie, Québec, France)". Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721174.
Texto completo da fonteLoicq, Marlène. "Médias et interculturalité : l'éducation aux médias dans une perspective comparative internationale (Australie, Québec, France)". Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28807/28807.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteLiao, Xiao Ying. "Les medias chinois dans le monde". Paris 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA020107.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis called "chinese media in the world". Mrs liao gives us a general description of media in red china and in geographic zones where we may find a chinese diaspora. First of all, mrs liao shows that television has became a massmedia because 800 millions people watch in spite of a real mediocity of its programs. As to the radio, this media is both very common and regionalised and it has been the main factor of the unification of china. Concerning the written press, it has to face the concurence of foreign papers because it has definitively lost. Its image, being a plain propaganda instrument for the c. C. P. Concerning taiwan, hong kong, macao and singapore ad all the chinese media in the other parts of the world, mrs liao writes an analysis which consists a very pragmatic description of quantitative and qualitative factors as : number of titles, number of readers, audience, explained opinions, maintenance of lectorate, radio and television programs. . . In the second part of her thesis of doctorate, mrs liao delivers us an approach of the history of chinese media. She peculiazly shows that chinese papers have been existing since ancient times but began in fact to european like at the end of the 19th century. At the end of the second part we have the description of the characteristics of marxist media after 1949, and of the consequences of the opening of china to occidental countries in 1978. At least in the third part, are described the various problems the chines media have to face today. At the same time mrs liao insists on the political and cultural specificities of all media in contiental china
Urgelli, Benoît. "Logiques d'engagement d'enseignants face à une question socioscientifique médiatisée : le cas du réchauffement climatique". Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENSF0069.
Texto completo da fonteSince the international meeting of Johannesburg (2002), France signed on the National strategy for sustainable development. Political tendancies of this schedule are based on intergovernmental climate change assessment in order to request mobilization in sciences, medias and education. Here, I discuss the social construction of this compromise which appears consensual. In this political context, my work consist in studying the teachers' involvements facing global warming issue education. In this aim, I perform an experiment with high school teachers during 2006 and 2007. Eight of them, representing several disciplines, have to suggest educational strategies concerning climate change and sustainable development. I mixed two approaches to estimate teachers' involvements. Communication and didactical analysis reveals social meanings of education related to the climatic question. The experiment demonstrates that the teachers' strategies are based on both their own convictions about climatic social risks and on the communicational effects they perceived to have on the children. Teachers adopt various postures between two antagonistic tendancies : from a normative education to a choice constructivist education. This study militates for a communicational ethic contributing to the development of a socializated science representation. It also questions the institutional request for citizenship and sustainable development
Zhu, Lichao. "Typologie du défigement dans des médias écrits français". Paris 13, 2013. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2012_zhu.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThis work consists in studying the linguistic defreezing phenomenon. We establish three typologies of studying cases chosen from the French satirical weekly newspaper "Le Canard enchaîné". The typologies are made in three parts. The first typology is of structuralism, the second one consists in classifying the defreezing cases by transformations, the last one is a typology of three primary functions of predication. In doing so, we propose different linguistic approaches in treating the problematical defreezing phenomenon, which causes problems in teaching, comprehension and computational linguistic treatment in French
Cardoso, Claudio de Paiva. "Les images dyonysiaques dans le contexte des médias". Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H080.
Texto completo da fonteKhalouf-Philippot, Khaoula. "L'image de la Syrie dans les médias français". Paris 12, 2005. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990003941070204611&vid=upec.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis analyzes what remains constant and what changes in the image of Syria in the French media between the 18th century and the year 2000. This image divides in two: on the one hand, a mythic “imaginary” in literature and, on the other, a mediatized image in the print and visual press. The so-called mediatized image centers on a repressive representation of Syria under French mandate in L'Humanite and Le Figaro in 1939, date at which the sandjak of Alexandrette ceased in Turkey. Then the thesis traces the evolution of this image through the study of the cultural image of Syria in the newspaper Le Monde between 1987 and 1999. The end point of my work on the mediatized image consists of a study of the visual image or Syria on the channel Arte between 1996 and 2000. To conclude this thesis, I study the literary mythic image of Syria and the Arab world in Volney, “Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte,” Maupassant in “Allouma” and Le Clezio in “Poisson d'Or. ”
M'Hamsadji, Takia. "L'image de l'Orient arabe dans les médias américains". Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070177.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this study is to determine the characteristics of the arab stereotype in the american media and its development since the creation of the state of israel in particular. The negative image of the arab world is presented here as the inheritance of orientalism and european colonialism combined with a historical context. The arab-israeli conflict and the oil embargo have brought about a series of "misunderstandings" that strenghened the old fear of islam. The technological advance and the reign of the elctronic era have promoted the propagation of the myth of the orient and enforced an erroneous aspect of the arab civilization and history. Beyond the fixed stage of categorization and prevailing ideology, a new journalism and an awakening of the american public opinion in relation to the american policy towards the middle east have emerged since the 1970, s. This new approach is linked to a better understanding of economic and cultural interdependence between the arab nations and the united states, and to the work of a better organized arab lobby eager to cope with its jewish counterpart. The arab governments and the arab americans have set up a solid organizational structure with thye object of locating and demolishing the arab negative stereotype through an active policy of information on the arab world and an exhaustive use of teh american media. The economic prosperity of the arab orient has allowed a greater pressure to be exerted on the western countries. . .
Hild, François. "ENDOMMAGEMENT, RUPTURE ET CHANGEMENTS D'ÉCHELLES DANS LES MATÉRIAUX HÉTÉROGÈNES". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00460369.
Texto completo da fonteBélanger, Éric. "Les changements dans l'opinion publique au Canada, 1941-1996". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq25491.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteKeightley, Sofia. "Changements syntaxiques, modulations et adaptations dans un texte medical". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-26779.
Texto completo da fonteSleilati, Rima. "Formation et changements techniques dans les entreprises industrielles libanaises". Paris 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA020102.
Texto completo da fonteBeaugrand, Grégory. "Biodiversité pélagique et changements hydroclimatiques dans l'océan Atlantique Nord". Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066390.
Texto completo da fonteCharlieux, Benoît. "Conceptions naïves des végétaux et changements conceptuels dans l'enfance". Reims, 2010. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/droit_lettres/2010REIML009.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThe present work investigate children and adult conceptions about plants as living entities in order to respond to the assumption that plants could die. We suppose that childrens as adults hold naïves biologicals knowledges before teaching composed of a system of two different part. The first one predict that plants will be seen as living entities dispite of their lack of movement. The second one predict that children will assume that plants could explain the death of plants throught appropriate explanation as (vitalism or essentialism) in the same way that they respond to other biological properties (healing, growing, eating, breathing, the ability of reproduction and the sharing of genetic code with their re latives). We also investigate the possibility to transform the children’s conceptions in using a teaching about the internal fonctionning of a tree. Our work principaly participate to show that early conceptions are very difficult to transform
Dedecker, Fabian. "Changements d'échelle dans les milieux granulaires à interactions complexes". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1999. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1787_fdedecker.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteMany works concerning the behaviour of granular materials based on micromechanical approaches have been proposed during the last years. These approaches connect two very different scales : the first one concerns grain and contacts, and the second one concerns the representative volume of a granular material. In opposition to phenomenological models, micromechanical approaches try to describe the behaviour of granular materials based on simple concepts relevant of the local phenomena. The main objective of this study is the improvement of a model based on the micromechanical approach, focusing on some local phenomena, generally neglected in a classical approach. In order to do this, two kinds of approaches have been used : - a theoretical one using a statistical homogenization approach mainly based on orientation of a contact variable ; - a numerical one using a software (PFC2D) based on the Discrete Element Method. A constant comparison of the above two approaches is a key ingredient of this work. This work aims to analyse and improve three topics of micromechanical approach : - the granular materials kinematics : the goal is the study of relations between local kinematics (rolling, sliding and displacements of particles which are not in contact) and strain tensor ; - the influence of contact couples on the microscopic and macroscopic behaviour, as well as the interest of taking them into account in micromechanical approaches ; 0 the study of cemented granular materials rupture : the aim is the definition of macroscopic parameters for rupture from local microscopic characteristics
Hild, François. "Endommagement, rupture et changements d'échelles dans les matériaux hétérogènes /". Cachan : Laboratoire de mécanique et technologie, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37006860v.
Texto completo da fonteHristov, Filip. "L'architecture à travers les médias". Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030108.
Texto completo da fonteThe presence of the subject " architecture " in the " mass médias " is the principal topic of this work. The research has been done because of the small knowledge of the architectural vocabulary and the lack of understanding of the significance of architecture by most people. By working around thrée principal types of medias : text supports (books, magaznies and e-books), audiovisuals (the radio, the television and the cinema) and the interactif medias (networks, CD-Roms and interactif points) the presence of the subject "architecture " is analyzed in a vast corpus. A close look at the educational role that the medias should play is done by running an analysis of the sort and the amount of architectural knowledge that is transmitted and the advantages and inconvenients of the informationnal supports used
Magaud, Nicolas. "Changements de Représentation des Données dans le Calcul des Constructions". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005903.
Texto completo da fontepreuves formelles en théorie des types. Nous traitons cette question
lors de l'étude
de la correction du programme de calcul de la racine carrée de GMP.
A partir d'une description formelle, nous construisons
un programme impératif avec l'outil Correctness. Cette description
prend en compte tous les détails de l'implantation, y compris
l'arithmétique de pointeurs utilisée et la gestion de la mémoire.
Nous étudions aussi comment réutiliser des preuves formelles lorsque
l'on change la représentation concrète des données.
Nous proposons un outil qui permet d'abstraire
les propriétés calculatoires associées à un type inductif dans
les termes de preuve.
Nous proposons également des outils pour simuler ces propriétés
dans un type isomorphe. Nous pouvons ainsi passer, systématiquement,
d'une représentation des données à une autre dans un développement
formel.
Benmarhnia, Tarik. "Vulnérabilité à la chaleur dans le contexte des changements climatiques". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T003/document.
Texto completo da fonteClimate change is one of the biggest public health threats in the 21th century. An increase in temperatures will lead to an increase in mortality attributable to temperature. In addition, some populations and territories are particularly vulnerable to the impact of increases in heat. It is thus necessary to identify these populations and territories as well as examine future heat-Related health impacts in order to recommend equity-Oriented policies today and in the future. The general objective of this thesis is to document current and future heat-Related vulnerability factors in the context of climate change. In order to address this general objective, the thesis involved four components: a) to conduct a systematic review and a meta-Analysis to assess the heterogeneity in the heat-Mortality associations with respect to individual and contextual population characteristics; b) to identify whether and how the magnitude of mean temperature effects on all-Cause mortality were modified by chronic air pollution exposure, social deprivation, and a combination of these two dimensions; c) to develop a method to quantify the climate change impacts on heat-Related mortality using climate modeling; d) to assess historical and future social disparities in years of life lost caused by ambient temperature in Montreal and Paris, and compare these estimates as well as the impact of climate change on social disparities between the two cities. This thesis highlights which populations are more vulnerable to heat and shows that several differences exist with regard to guidelines from international public health institutions for the identification of vulnerable populations. This thesis also identified chronic air pollution exposure as a new vulnerability factor in heat-Related mortality and that it has a double interaction with social deprivation. Furthermore, in this thesis a novel method to quantify future heat-Related mortality was developed which emphasized the strong evidence of an increase in heat-Related mortality under climate change. This method was then applied to estimate the increase in daily years of life lost social disparities in both Montreal and Paris under climate change which showed that this increase would be greater in Montreal compared to Paris in the future. Thus, this thesis which used a variety of epidemiologic methods has clarified which populations are particularly vulnerable to heat impacts and challenges guidelines for the identification of vulnerable populations from international public health institutions. It has also highlighted the climate change impacts on health inequalities and aims to reorient equity-Focused policies
Chatap-Ekindi, Odile. "Changements et ruptures dans le Mungo de 1911 à 1950". Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX10007.
Texto completo da fonteXiang, Wentao. "Modélisation causale dynamique dans l'inférence de changements en connectivité cérébrale". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1S083.
Texto completo da fonteOur work mainly focuses on inferring effective connectivity in distant neural populations involved in epileptic seizures using a model-based technique, the spectral dynamic causal modelling (DCM). A neural mass model (NMM) is used to describe the observed epileptic intracerebral signals and their power spectral densities. DCM includes mainly two steps (i) model inversion based on the maximization of the free energy concept using the variational estimation-maximization (EM) algorithm to identify the parameters of the model and (ii) model comparison where the best model structure in terms of the maximized free energy is identified among other possible structures as the one underlying the observed data. As spectral DCM reveals some sensitivity to the initialization during the variational EM process, a misestimation of the model structure may arise. To cope with this issue, we propose two variants of spectral DCM, the L-DCM and the D-DCM algorithms. While L-DCM is based on a local adjustment of the initial guess, D-DCM relies on a deterministic annealing scheme. The performance of the proposed strategies in terms of effective connectivity inference is assessed using simulated and real human epileptic SEEG (stereoelectroencephalographic) signals. Regarding simulated and real signals, two kinds of NMM are investigated, the physiology-based model (PBM) and the complete physiology-based model (cPBM). Our experiments show the efficiency of the proposed approaches compared to the standard spectral DCM using either PBM or cPBM. The reported results also confirm that cPBM offers lower computational complexity and better estimation quality of the model parameters compared to PBM. Besides, in order to cope with the complexity of spectral DCM which is essentially related to the Gauss-Newton method used in the variational EM algorithm, a simpler ascent gradient method based on an exact line search (ELS) scheme can be employed. It allows for an optimal computation of the gradient step size to be used at each iteration towards the final solution in the given search direction. The feasibility of the ELS scheme in a probabilistic framework is not straightforward and, in this work, the ELS scheme is considered in the context of Gaussian mixture models (GMM) to accelerate the standard EM algorithm. Numerical results using both simulated and real datasets show the efficiency of the proposed ELS scheme when applied to the standard EM algorithm as well as to anti-annealing-based acceleration techniques derived from either the EM algorithm or the expectation conjugate gradient one. The ELS feasibility being proved, its applicability on spectral DCM will be an extension of the present work
Menas, Ferhat. "Etude des changements de forme dans les noyaux en rotation". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599599h.
Texto completo da fonteEl, Haimer Siham Pierson Agnès. "La maîtrise des changements dans un site de production pharmaceutique". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDPHA_T_2008_EL_HAIMER_SIHAM.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteFesneau, Corinne. "Enregistrement des changements climatiques dans le domaine téthysien au Valanginien". Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOS052.
Texto completo da fonteThe Valanginian is characterized by a 13C positive incursion, outlining an increase in productivity that started in the Campylotoxus zone and reached its maximum in the Verrucosum zone. In order to detail the environmental changes and their chronology, this work focused on three basins located in the Tethysian domain: the Vocontian basin, the Betic basin, and the Lombardian basin. The method consisted in the study of clay assemblages, organic matter geochemistry, and paleotemperature reconstruction, based on isotopic composition analyses of belemnites. From the data gathered, a scenario is proposed. The environmental perturbations seem to begin in the Campylotoxus zone. The end of this zone is characterized by an increase in productivity and preservation of organic matter. This led to a significant cooling. Ice, permanent or not, appeared at higher paléolatitudes. Their formation triggered a sea-level fall at the Campylotoxus-Verrucosum transition, leading to higher kaolinite contents in the three domains studied. The setting-up of upwellings also contributed to organic productivity. A positive feedback loop seems to have maintained relatively cold conditions until the beginning of the Hauterivian. The production of organic matter has likely been initiated by the conjunction of several factors. There was probably an upwelling system at the beginning of the Valanginian. Also, the aerial volcanism recorded at the beginning of the Campylotoxus zone could have played a significant role in the organic production through the fertilization of oceans
Gervais, Michèle. "Le rôle des médias dans la formation d'enjeux sociaux". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0001/MQ41909.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteDugas, Amélie. "Promotion des concours de beauté dans les médias sudburois". Acfas-Sudbury, 2007. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/77.
Texto completo da fonteDe', Grassi di Pianura Mattia. "Les effets de la numérisation dans l'économie des médias". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00871793.
Texto completo da fonteFerraz, de Maia Juarez. "Les médias dans le développement du Mozambique (1975-1995)". Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA083768.
Texto completo da fonteChevalier, Lucille. "Perception de la qualité de l'interprétation dans les médias". Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030001.
Texto completo da fonte62 non-interpreter participants and 7 interpreter participants listened to 16 different extracts of interpretations that had been initially broadcast either on TV or on the web. The participants commented and rated these recordings. Non-interpreters’ comments tend to show that the interpretation “works”, i.e. it seems to carry the speaker’s message across and does not constitute an obstacle. Comments tend to focus on form rather than content. Non-interpreters seem to pay attention to quality parameters which already feature in the literature (in particular intonation and fluidity) but also to some (supra)parameters which have rarely been studied so far: the balance between the sound levels of the original speech and its interpretation; the way the speaker is portrayed through the interpretation; and the way emotion in the source speech is conveyed in the interpretation. None of the individual parameters identified in the present study turned out to have a clear-cut, major influence on overall quality assessment. The present thesis studies not only individual quality parameters but also interactions between them. In particular, perceptions of form and content seem to be closely linked, and listeners’ trust seems to be determined by a number of both form- and content-related parameters. Some differences between the two groups of participants emerge. Interpreters seem more sensitive to wording. False errors were flagged up only by non-interpreters. Non-interpreters seem to listen to the speaker’s message first and foremost; their reactions to the interpretation itself tend to come later, if at all
Sha, Xiaolan. "Personnalisation du contenu et tendances dans les médias sociaux". Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0026/document.
Texto completo da fonteFluctuating along user connections, some content succeeds at capturing the attention of a large amount of users and suddenly becomes trending. Understanding trending content and its dynamics is crucial to the explanation of opinion spreading, and to the design of social marketing strategies. While previous research has mostly focused on trending content and on the network structure of individuals in social media, this work complements these studies by exploring in depth the human factors behind the generation of this content. We build upon this analysis to investigate new personalization tools helping individuals to discover interesting social media content. This work contributes to the literature on the following aspects: an in depth analysis on individuals who create trending content in social media that uncovers their distinguishing characteristics; a novel means to identify trending content by relying on the ability of special individuals who create them; a mechanism to build a recommender system to personalize trending content; and techniques to improve the quality of recommendations beyond the core theme of accuracy. Our studies underline the vital role of special users in the creation of trending content in social media. Thanks to such special users and their ``wisdom'', individuals may discover the trending content distilled to their tastes. Our work brings insights in two main research directions - trending content in social media and recommender systems
Trad, Riadh. "Découverte d'évènements par contenu visuel dans les médias sociaux". Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0030/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe ease of publishing content on social media sites brings to the Web an ever increasing amount of user generated content captured during, and associated with, real life events. Social media documents shared by users often reflect their personal experience of the event. Hence, an event can be seen as a set of personal and local views, recorded by different users. These event records are likely to exhibit similar facets of the event but also specific aspects. By linking different records of the same event occurrence we can enable rich search and browsing of social media events content. Specifically, linking all the occurrences of the same event would provide a general overview of the event. In this dissertation we present a content-based approach for leveraging the wealth of social media documents available on the Web for event identification and characterization. To match event occurrences in social media, we develop a new visual-based method for retrieving events in huge photocollections, typically in the context of User Generated Content. The main contributions of the thesis are the following : (1) a new visual-based method for retrieving events in photo collections, (2) a scalable and distributed framework for Nearest Neighbors Graph construction for high dimensional data, (3) a collaborative content-based filtering technique for selecting relevant social media documents for a given event
Sha, Xiaolan. "Personnalisation du contenu et tendances dans les médias sociaux". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0026.
Texto completo da fonteFluctuating along user connections, some content succeeds at capturing the attention of a large amount of users and suddenly becomes trending. Understanding trending content and its dynamics is crucial to the explanation of opinion spreading, and to the design of social marketing strategies. While previous research has mostly focused on trending content and on the network structure of individuals in social media, this work complements these studies by exploring in depth the human factors behind the generation of this content. We build upon this analysis to investigate new personalization tools helping individuals to discover interesting social media content. This work contributes to the literature on the following aspects: an in depth analysis on individuals who create trending content in social media that uncovers their distinguishing characteristics; a novel means to identify trending content by relying on the ability of special individuals who create them; a mechanism to build a recommender system to personalize trending content; and techniques to improve the quality of recommendations beyond the core theme of accuracy. Our studies underline the vital role of special users in the creation of trending content in social media. Thanks to such special users and their ``wisdom'', individuals may discover the trending content distilled to their tastes. Our work brings insights in two main research directions - trending content in social media and recommender systems
Trad, Riadh. "Découverte d'évènements par contenu visuel dans les médias sociaux". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0030.
Texto completo da fonteThe ease of publishing content on social media sites brings to the Web an ever increasing amount of user generated content captured during, and associated with, real life events. Social media documents shared by users often reflect their personal experience of the event. Hence, an event can be seen as a set of personal and local views, recorded by different users. These event records are likely to exhibit similar facets of the event but also specific aspects. By linking different records of the same event occurrence we can enable rich search and browsing of social media events content. Specifically, linking all the occurrences of the same event would provide a general overview of the event. In this dissertation we present a content-based approach for leveraging the wealth of social media documents available on the Web for event identification and characterization. To match event occurrences in social media, we develop a new visual-based method for retrieving events in huge photocollections, typically in the context of User Generated Content. The main contributions of the thesis are the following : (1) a new visual-based method for retrieving events in photo collections, (2) a scalable and distributed framework for Nearest Neighbors Graph construction for high dimensional data, (3) a collaborative content-based filtering technique for selecting relevant social media documents for a given event
Garcia, Guillaume. "Les causes des « sans » à l’épreuve de la médiatisation : la construction médiatique des mobilisations sociales émergentes : enjeux et perspectives". Paris 9, 2005. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2005PA090072.
Texto completo da fonteAssuming on the fact that the analysis of the interactions between social movements and media, however essential to the comprehension of the processes of social problems construction, was until now a peripheral object of interest, this work proposes to deal with these problems starting from the study of the relations between “low resources groups” and TV journalists. On the basis of pluri-methodological and comparative ground investigations, this dissertation proposes to question the forms of mediatic politisation or depolitization of the homeless persons, the illegals immigrants and the unemployed people causes, in the context of the neoliberal and repressive evolutions of the Welfare state. While applying from a critical point of view the framing analysis perspective, this research opens with a range of topics returning as well to the contemporary transformations of the practices of journalism or the militancy as to the effects of media information on the audience