Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Cellules souches pluripotentes – Embryons"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Cellules souches pluripotentes – Embryons"
Savatier, Pierre, Laurent David, John De Vos, Frank Yates, Shahragim Tajbakhsh e Cécile Martinat. "Des embryons chimères et des pseudo-embryons comme alternatives pour la recherche sur l’embryon humain". médecine/sciences 37, n.º 8-9 (agosto de 2021): 799–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2021124.
Texto completo da fonteSavatier, Pierre, e Irène Aksoy. "Les chimères « systémiques » homme/animal". médecine/sciences 37, n.º 10 (outubro de 2021): 863–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2021145.
Texto completo da fonteSavatier, Pierre, e Irène Aksoy. "Les chimères « systémiques » homme/animal". médecine/sciences 37, n.º 10 (outubro de 2021): 863–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2021145.
Texto completo da fonteJmel Boyer, Inès, e Emmanuel García Sánchez. "Le développement embryonnaire pré-gastrulatoire humain : modèles d’avenir et enjeux sociétaux". Biologie Aujourd’hui 214, n.º 3-4 (2020): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2020012.
Texto completo da fonteMaury, Yves, Morgane Gauthier, Marc Peschanski e Cécile Martinat. "Les cellules souches pluripotentes humaines". médecine/sciences 27, n.º 4 (abril de 2011): 443–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2011274023.
Texto completo da fonteGermain, D. "Les cellules souches pluripotentes induites". Pathologie Biologie 57, n.º 7-8 (novembro de 2009): 555–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patbio.2009.09.017.
Texto completo da fonteAfanassieff, Marielle, Irène Aksoy, Nathalie Beaujean, Pierre-Yves Bourillot e Pierre Savatier. "Cinquante nuances de pluripotence". médecine/sciences 34, n.º 11 (novembro de 2018): 944–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2018240.
Texto completo da fonteKunjom Mfopou, Josué, e Luc Bouwens. "Différenciation des cellules souches pluripotentes en cellules pancréatiques". médecine/sciences 29, n.º 8-9 (agosto de 2013): 736–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2013298012.
Texto completo da fonteGoureau, Olivier, Sacha Reichman e Gaël Orieux. "Les organoïdes de rétine". médecine/sciences 36, n.º 6-7 (junho de 2020): 626–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2020098.
Texto completo da fonteEl It, Fatima, Laurence Faivre, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Antonio Vitobello e Laurence Duplomb. "Des organoïdes cérébraux pour la compréhension et la thérapie des maladies génétiques rares avec troubles neurodéveloppementaux". médecine/sciences 40, n.º 8-9 (agosto de 2024): 643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2024100.
Texto completo da fonteTeses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Cellules souches pluripotentes – Embryons"
Pijoff, Yannicke. "Colonisation embryonnaire et compétence chimérique des cellules souches pluripotentes : étude chez la souris, le lapin et le chimpanzé". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10255.
Texto completo da fonteNaïve pluripotent stem cells (PSC) possess the ability to re-enter normal development and generate chimeric fetuses in rodents. However, naïve PSCs from non-rodent species exhibit a significantly less efficient capacity to colonize embryos. Currently, our understanding of the mechanisms involved in chimera formation is limited. The project aimed to decipher these mechanisms. Firstly, we focused on hallmarks of chimeric competent PSCs. In the lab, we obtained chimeric competent PSCs in rabbit and chimpanzee that we analyzed by RNA sequencing analysis to identify the molecular signature of chimeric competent PSCs. We showed that rabbit, chimpanzee as well as mouse PSCs enhance PI3K/AKT signaling, downregulate Hippo signaling and modulate cellular interactions and regulation of cytoskeleton. Secondly, we investigated mechanisms taking place during embryo colonization by PSCs. To this aim, we performed a single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of rabbit embryos colonized by chimpanzee and mouse PSCs. The analysis revealed that injected PSCs increased PI3K/AKT signaling and other signaling pathways involved in cell junction, cell adhesion, and cytoskeleton regulations, suggesting interactions between host embryo cells and injected PSCs. This analysis also revealed that part of the host epiblast is replaced by injected PSCs without any changes of the host cells’ identity. To conclude, during colonization, PSC and cells from the host embryos interact and communicate for efficient colonization
Piau, Olivier. "Mécanismes développementaux orchestrant la différenciation des cellules souches pluripotentes induites en cellules souches hématopoïétiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS082.
Texto completo da fonteHematopoietic stem cells are the rare cells that give rise to all hematopoietic cells in the human body. Unfortunately, our organism is not able to produce them outside a short window of embryonic development in the fetal aorta. Therefore, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is often the only therapeutic solution for many patients. To expand the pool of available hematopoietic stem cells, two solutions have been proposed: proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and de novo production from pluripotent stem cells. Despite some considerable progress, current methods for proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells are still inadequate. There is still no clinically suitable protocol for ex vivo generation of hematopoietic stem cells from pluripotent stem cells. My PhD project focuses on the analysis of a new differentiation protocol for human induced pluripotent stem cells into hematopoietic stem cells. This one-step protocol is based on the differentiation of embryoid bodies in 17 days of culture using a novel and specific combination of cytokines and growth factors. This stroma- and transgene-free procedure is capable of generating serially transplantable hematopoietic stem cells in irradiated, immunocompromised mice. Using single-cell transcriptomic datasets performed at different time points in the differentiation protocol, I was able to characterize the different cell types that were produced. Embryoid bodies produced cells of the mesodermal, endodermal, and ectodermal lineages after 17 days of differentiation, as well as some cells with an extra-embryonic phenotype, the presence of which was confirmed by immunofluorescence experiments. Our data set was compared with published data sets of human embryonic aorta at the time of hematopoietic stem cell production. Endothelial cells with a similar transcriptomic phenotype between the embryonic aorta and embryoid bodies were detected. In addition, cells corresponding to the transcriptional signature of embryonic hematopoietic stem cells were detected. Thus, our protocol appears to reproduce the generation of hematopoietic stem cells from the aorta through an endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition similar to that in vivo. Finally, single-cell transcriptome analysis of the bone marrow of the transplanted mice showed that the injected human cells recapitulated all hematopoietic lineages. The results of my dissertation provide a better understanding of our protocol for ex vivo production of hematopoietic stem cells while providing insight into the developmental mechanisms that control their production in vivo
Lavial, Fabrice. "Pluripotence et compétence germinale des cellules souches embryonnaires aviaires". Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENSL0441.
Texto completo da fonteTapponnier, Yann. "Cellules souches pluripotentes induites de lapin : caractérisation moléculaire et fonctionnelle des états naïf et amorcé". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10029/document.
Texto completo da fontePluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can self-renew at two distinct states, the naive and primed states. Many differences exist between these two states, the most striking is the unique ability of PSCs naïve to colonize the preimplantation embryo and form chimeras. The purpose of my doctoral project was to study pluripotency in rabbits. In this context, I initially manufactured and characterized induced pluripotent stem cells (RbiPSCs) and then evaluated their ability to colonize the embryo and form chimeras. Three RbiPSCs lines were obtained by rabbit fibroblasts reprogramming. Their molecular characterization revealed mixed characteristics, naïve and primed. However, functionally, they are unable to colonize the rabbit embryo, a feature of primed pluripotency. The second part of my doctoral project was to reprogram RbiPSCs to the naïve state. To this end, I have overexpressed Klf2 and Klf4, two genes belonging to the naïve pluripotency network and the mouse PSCs culture conditions. These new cell lines have a gene expression profile closer to that of the rabbit ICM, particularly due to the reactivation of specific markers of naïve pluripotency. Finally, the reverted cells have an increased capacity of colonization of the preimplantation embryo rabbit. My work represents the first example of pluripotent stem cells reprogramming toward the naive state in rabbits. The cells thus produced pave the way for the production of somatic and germline chimeras
Gonnot, Fabrice. "Relations fonctionnelles entre les régulateurs de pluripotence et le cycle cellulaire dans les cellules souches embryonnaires pluripotentes". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1149.
Texto completo da fonteMouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) display an unorthodox cell cycle characterised by the lack of a functional Rb pathway and robust expression of cyclin E during all cell cycle phases. Therefore, mESCs are constitutively primed for DNA replication. To understand how cyclin E, a key regulator of the G1-to-S phase transition, is regulated in mESCs, we analysed the transcriptional regulation of Ccne1 by transcription factors of the naive pluripotency network. We observed that Esrrb, Klf4 and Tfcp2l1 bound the Ccne1 promoter region on multiple sites between 0 and 1kb upstream transcription start site. Disrupting the binding sites reduced or abolished transcriptional activity in a luciferase assay. Moreover, the doxycyclin-inducible expression of Essrb, Klf4 and Tfcp2l1 up-regulated the Ccne1 mRNA level. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that Essrb, Klf4 and Tfcp2l1 control Cyclin E expression and highlight a direct connection between the naïve pluripotency network and regulation of the mitotic cycle in mESCs. We used the FUCCI reporter system to study cell-cycle dependent expression of the transcription factors that form the naïve pluripotency network. Esrrb, Klf4, Tfcp2l1 and Nanog expression oscillated during the cell cycle with a down-regulated expression between the early G1-phase and the beginning of S-phase, and then up-regulated expression between the beginning of S-phase and the G2/M-phase. These results suggest that the naive pluripotency network is destabilized transiently during the transition from the G1-phase to the S-phase of the cell cycle
Dianat, Noushin. "Cellules souches pluripotentes humaines et modélisation de maladies hépatiques : l'hypercholestérolémie familiale et les cholangiopathies". Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA114810.
Texto completo da fonteCell therapy can be an alternative to liver transplantation in some cases such as severe metabolic diseases. However, the shortage of organ donors implies the need to find new sources of liver cells such as hepatocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells that can be amplified and differentiated extensively into any cell type. Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) generated from somatic cells of patients and then differentiated into hepatocytes represent a potential source of transplantable hepatocytes. These cells now make it possible to consider the transplantation of genetically modified autologous hepatocytes as an alternative to liver transplantation for the treatment of genetic diseases of the liver.Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding the receptor for Low Density Lipoproteins (LDLR), which is the cause of high blood cholesterol in these patients. Homozygous patients should purify their serum LDL-apheresis on average twice a month starting at a young age to avoid fatal myocardial infarction occurring in childhood.Human hepatocytes differentiated from patient’s induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) allow assessing the feasibility to transplant genetically modified autologous hepatocytes as treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia.During the liver development, hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, the two types of hepatic epithelial cells, derive from bipotent hepatic progenitors (hepatoblasts). Although cholangiocytes, forming intrahepatic bile ducts, represent a small fraction of the total liver cell population (3%), they actively regulate bile composition by secretion and reabsorption of bile acids, a process that is important in cholestatic liver diseases. In the first part of this study we developed an approach to differentiate pluripotent stem cells (hESC and hiPSC) into functional cholangiocytes. These cells could be used for the modeling of genetic biliary diseases. In the second part, we generated FH patient specific iPSCs (HF-iPSC), differentiated them into hepatocytes and tried to correct the disease phenotype by lentiviral introduction of LDLR cDNA cassette in HF-iPSC
Berthoin, Lionel. "Développement d'une méthode innovante pour la génération sécurisée de cellules souches pluripotentes induites par transfert de protéines". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAS014/document.
Texto completo da fonteLike embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) are characterized by their ability to differentiate into any cell type in an organism. However their use doesn't raise the ethical issue linked to the use of embryos. iPS are generated from somatic cells by overexpression of embryonic transcription factors. iPS are thereby very promising in fundamental and applied biology as well as for regenerative medicine.Most of the protocols used to generate iPS are based on the delivery of nucleic acid sequences encoding embryonic transcription factors responsible for the activation of the pluripotency gene network. In spite of their efficiency, these methods are associated with major safety concerns incompatible with clinical applications. The more rational path to safely produce iPS is to deliver the exogenic transcription factors under their protein form. Recently some protocols using protein delivery have been developed to produce iPS. However associated efficiencies are very low and protocols are quite fastidious.The aim of this Ph.D. project was to develop a new efficient and simplified protein delivery method for the safe generation of iPS compatible with clinical applications. Cell sources were selected depending of the final applications of iPS: (i) fibroblasts, extensively used and described in bibliography and allowing autologous therapies with many applications in the field of hematology; (ii) cord blood hematopoietic stem cells, one of the safest biomaterials, with the aim to generate red blood cells in vitro in order to respond to increasing needs for transfusion products, particularly for rare blood types.First, different protein vectors developed by the TheREx team of the TIMC-IMAG laboratory were compared for their efficiency of production and delivery as well as for the activity of associated factors. The selected vector is a natural micro-syringe expressed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, able to inject the transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and Lin28a (Thomson combination) with c-Myc directly into the cytoplasm of target cells, without the need for any purification step. Once injected, transcription factors are addressed to the nucleus in less than 2 hours where they efficiently activate transcription of pluripotency genes, with significant responses observed as early as 24h after injection. We also highlighted the secured and controllable nature of this vector by completely eliminating the bacteria from the cultures in a few hours after injection with an antibiotic treatment. Optimizations of the reprogramming conditions were also made by adjusting many parameters such as the combination of transcription factors, the injection frequency and the bacteria : cell ratio
Corbineau, Sébastien. "Génération de progéniteurs hépatiques dérivés de cellules souches : application à l’hypercholestérolémie familiale". Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA114821/document.
Texto completo da fonteHepatocyte transplantation represents an alternative to liver for the treatment of metabolic diseases including familial hypercholesterolaemia. Embryonic stem cells (ES) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) represent new sources of hepatic cells. We have developed an approach to differentiate human stem cells into hepatic cells and thus we have generated hepatic cells derived from iPS of familial hypercholesterolaemia patients
Kilens, Stéphanie. "Direct reprogramming of somatic cells into human induced naive pluripotent stem cells, a novel model of preimplantation epiblast cells". Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT1024/document.
Texto completo da fonteInduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have considerably impacted human developmental biology and regenerative medicine, notably because they circumvent the use of cells from embryonic origin and offer the potential to generate patient-specific pluripotent stem cells. However, conventional reprogramming protocols produce developmentally advanced, or primed, human iPSCs (hiPSCs), restricting their use to post-implantation human development modelling. Hence, there is a need for hiPSCs resembling preimplantation naive epiblast. Here, we developed a method to generate naive hiPSCs directly from somatic cells using OKMS overexpression and specific culture conditions without transitioning through a primed pluripotent state. Besides, this protocol enables parallel generation of isogenic lines bearing different potencies among which the primed state as it is a major control line. To evaluate the generated naive hiPSCs, we benchmarked them against human preimplantation epiblast and reveal a remarkable concordance in their transcriptome, dependency on mitochondrial respiration, DNA methylation and X chromosome status. Collectively, these results are essential for the understanding of pluripotency regulation throughout preimplantation development and will generate new opportunities for disease modeling and regenerative medicine
Grybek, Virginie. "Etude d’un locus soumis à empreinte parentale : le locus GNAS. Rôle des transcrits et maintien de l’empreinte". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T002.
Texto completo da fonteGNAS is a complex locus subjected to parental imprinting encoding five parental-, tissue- and developmental-Manner regulated transcripts : the alpha stimulatory subunit of the G protein (Gαs), XLαs, NESP55, and two ncRNAs, A/B and the antisens GNAS-AS1. Gαs is a key protein in hormonal signaling sharing with XLαs the ability to produce intracellular cAMP upon stimulation of Gαs-Coupled receptors. In the first part of my thesis, I focused on studying the role of the GNAS transcripts, particularly XLαs, in fetal and postnatal growth. I took advantage of the unique model of pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP), a rare human disease, caused by genetic or epigenetic abnormalities at the GNAS locus leading to various combinations of GNAS transcripts alterations. Abnormal growth appears to be a major feature of PHP. In the second part of my thesis, I studied the epigenetic pattern of GNAS (DNA methylation and transcripts expression) in human embryonic stem cells -HESCs-, in induced pluripotent stem cells -IPSCs- derived from fibroblasts from healthy individuals, and in cells re-Differentiated from these stem cells in neuronal and mesenchymal cells. The precise characterization of the human GNAS locus in physiology (stem cells) and pathology (PHP) is critical for a better understanding of major processes like growth. Through exploration of the "growth" phenotype of different groups of PHPs we have participated to the better understanding of the role of the GNAS transcripts in the physiology and pathophysiology. Human iPSCs may be an useful tool to study epigenetic modifications at the GNAS locus
Livros sobre o assunto "Cellules souches pluripotentes – Embryons"
1956-, Lanza R. P., ed. Essentials of stem cell biology. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Academic, 2006.
Encontre o texto completo da fonte(Editor), Robert Lanza, E. Donnall Thomas (Editor), James Thomson (Editor), Roger Pedersen (Editor), John Gearhart (Editor), Brigid Hogan (Editor), Douglas Melton (Editor) e Michael West (Editor), eds. Essentials of Stem Cell Biology. Academic Press, 2005.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteEssentials of Stem Cell Biology. Academic Press, 2005.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteCapítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Cellules souches pluripotentes – Embryons"
Tachdjian, G., O. Féraud, C. Bas, A. Magniez, N. Oudrhiri e A. L. Bennaceur-Griscelli. "Cellules souches embryonnaires et cellules pluripotentes induites, aspects biologiques et applications". In Physiologie, pathologie et thérapie de la reproduction chez l’humain, 633–41. Paris: Springer Paris, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0061-5_59.
Texto completo da fonte