Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Caractérisation acoustique des matériaux"
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Doutres, Olivier. "Caractérisation mécanique de matériaux fibreux en vibro-acoustique". Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00186424.
Texto completo da fonteEs, Saidi Abdelouahed. "Caractérisation acoustique de matériaux isotropes par impédencemétrie électrique". Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10170.
Texto completo da fonteChevillotte, Fabien. "Étude acoustique des matériaux poreux à cellules fermées". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1451.
Texto completo da fonteAtalla, Youssef. "Développement d'une technique inverse de caractérisation acoustique des matériaux poreux". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2002. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1779.
Texto completo da fonteTardy, Frédérique. "Microscopie acoustique impulsionnelle : Application à la caractérisation locale des matériaux". Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0123.
Texto completo da fonteIn this study, a nondestructive technique has been developed in order to locally characterize materials. The ultrasonic surface waves have been chosen for their sensibility_ to effects such as texture, grain size. . . The analysis of the surface wave propagation and particularly the velocity and the attenuation measurements enable to characterize the material properties. Our method, based on the acoustic microscopy technique, uses a focused transducer with a large aperture angle, excited by a broadband pulse. This type of analysis shows leaky surface waves and especially leaky Rayleigh wave. The pulse excitation allows to separate the different echoes. A theoretical computation of the material response has been developed to understand the propagation mechanism and the interaction of the incident beam with the solid surface. By taking into account the acoustic field of the transducer and the diffraction effects, this model has demonstrated its efficiency to describe the experimental signals. In order to establish accurate means of analysis, several velocity measurement techniques have been developed, in the time domain for low dispersive media, or by a spectrum analysis for dispersive materials. Another approach is based on the comparison of a simulated signal to an experimental one, by using an optimization process. The accuracy obtained is very similar to that of the other techniques (0, 2%). Using these tools, several experiments were performed and they demonstrate that the velocity and the attenuation of the Rayleigh waves are sensitive to various parameters such as roughness, texture, grain size and damage phenomena
Leclaire, Philippe. "Caractérisation physique de matériaux poreux pour l'étude des interactions acoustique/structure". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00871339.
Texto completo da fonteLa première partie de ce mémoire est consacrée aux paramètres physiques des milieux poreux et à leur caractérisation. Suite aux travaux théoriques importants de Biot qui fut un pionnier dans le domaine, la propagation acoustique dans les milieux poreux saturés de fluide est maintenant relativement bien connue grâce aux nombreuses contributions depuis les années 1970-80 d'une communauté scientifique assez large. Cependant, l'une des difficultés majeures rencontrées dans la pratique était l'absence d'information sur certains paramètres définis dans le domaine des hautes fréquences de Biot, dans les modèles les plus élaborés. Les hautes fréquences de Biot sont telles que l'épaisseur de peau visqueuse des ondes est petite devant les dimensions caractéristiques des pores mais ces fréquences demeurent inférieures aux basses fréquences des modèles de diffusion de sorte que les longueurs d'ondes restent très grandes devant les dimensions des hétérogénéités (diffuseurs). Dans ce contexte, notre principale contribution fut la proposition de méthodes originales basées sur la propagation d'ultrasons aériens ou dans un gaz saturant le matériau poreux pour la mesure de la tortuosité et des longueurs caractéristiques visqueuse et thermique. Ces recherches ont donné lieu à plusieurs thèses de doctorat conduites à Leuven et au Mans, en particulier, la thèse de Luc Kelders soutenue à la K. U. Leuven en 1998. Les autres faits et résultats marquants de ces recherches sont :
- la caractérisation complète pour la première fois grâce à ces expériences, de certains matériaux jusqu'alors inconnus.
- la réalisation d'un banc de mesure ultrasonore pour la mesure des paramètres haute fréquence. Le dispositif est maintenant couramment utilisé à la demande d'industriels et a été installé dans plusieurs laboratoires, notamment au Japon.
- la réponse à une question sur l'origine de l'excès d'atténuation observé à haute fréquence et non prédit par les modèles basés sur la théorie de Biot. Dans la plupart des matériaux utilisés en acoustique, cet excès d'atténuation est dû à la diffusion, lorsque les longueurs d'ondes ne peuvent plus être considérées comme grandes devant les dimensions des hétérogénéités. Dans ce cas, les modèles basés sur des phases effectives ne sont plus valables et doivent faire place aux modèles de diffusion.
Les recherches sur la caractérisation des paramètres physiques des milieux poreux et sur les relations entre ces paramètres continuent. Récemment, des recherches ont été entreprises par Z. E. A. Fellah, C. Depollier au Laboratorium voor Akoestiek en Thermische Fysica à Leuven et au Laboratoire d'acoustique de l'Université du Maine et une nouvelle méthode basée sur la réflexion des ondes ultrasonores a été développée dans le but d'augmenter le domaine d'applicabilité des méthodes ultrasonores.
Une approche temporelle des signaux ultrasonores transitoires transmis et réfléchis dans les couches poreuses a été proposée par ces auteurs et de nouvelles méthodes sont en cours d'étude pour la caractérisation de matériaux inhomogènes. Un certain nombre de ces méthodes sont basées sur des résultats établis en électromagnétisme. La partie B de ce mémoire étudie l'influence des paramètres physiques des milieux poreux sur les vibrations de plaques poreuses et les interactions fluide/squelette. Un modèle analytique de la vibration en flexion de plaques poreuses basé sur l'application de la théorie classique des plaques minces et la poroélasticité de Biot a été proposée. Ce problème n'a que très peu été étudié analytiquement. La raison principale en est sans doute la grande puissance et la flexibilité du traitement numérique de ce type de problème. Quel peut être l'intérêt de ce genre d'étude analytique, confinée à des géométries simples éloignées des situations réelles lorsque des problèmes plus complexes peuvent être résolus numériquement? Le but principal de cette étude a été de mieux comprendre l'influence des paramètres physiques définis dans la partie A sur les caractéristiques de la vibration. Ici, un intérêt particulier est porté sur la physique des interactions entre la phase solide et la phase fluide au cours de la vibration. La thèse de doctorat de M. J. Swift soutenue à l'Université de Bradford en 2000 à été consacrée à la fabrication et à l'étude des propriétés physiques et acoustiques de matériaux recyclés. Durant ces recherches, un procédé de fabrication de plaques poreuses minces, absorbantes et relativement rigides a été développé. Les matériaux produits ont été caractérisés et étudiés expérimentalement en vibration. Le procédé a fait l'objet d'un brevet et a permis la création d'une entreprise satellite (spin off) à l'université de Bradford. Les avancées qui ont résulté de ces recherches furent :
- la proposition d'un modèle analytique de la vibration en flexion d'une plaque poreuse mince relativement rigide saturée par un fluide. Le modèle est valable pour des matériaux relativement rigides lorsque les longueurs d'onde acoustiques sont plus grandes que l'épaisseur de la plaque, ce qui est souvent le cas.
- la proposition d'une formule analytique approchée donnant les fréquences de résonances de la plaque en fonction des paramètres physiques du matériau et des conditions de bord.
- l'étude détaillée de l'influence de la porosité, de la tortuosité et de la perméabilité sur les fréquences de résonance et sur l'amortissement. On trouve que les fréquences de résonance augmentent avec la porosité et la perméabilité, et diminuent lorsque la tortuosité augmente alors que l'amortissement augmente avec la porosité, diminue lorsque la tortuosité augmente et atteint un maximum en fonction de la perméabilité à une fréquence caractéristique du milieu poreux
- la découverte d'une fréquence d'amortissement maximal de la plaque vibrante liée aux propriétés du matériau (porosité, tortuosité et perméabilité). Cette fréquence est donnée par la fréquence caractéristique de Biot divisée par la tortuosité.
Le modèle rend compte de la réponse élastique instantanée de la plaque et du mouvement relatif entre le solide et le fluide. Il inclut l'amortissement structural (lié aux parties imaginaires du module d'Young et du coefficient de Poisson) et aussi les pertes par friction visqueuse, entre le solide et le fluide. Des renseignements qualitatifs ont été obtenus lors de l'étude de l'influence de la tortuosité et de la perméabilité. Ainsi, les résonances de plaques poreuses sont fortement liées à l'existence de forces d'inertie et de forces de friction. Ces forces sont associées aux échanges de quantité de mouvement et aux mouvements relatifs entre le solide et le fluide. Il apparaît que des variations des forces d'inertie sont accompagnées par des variations inverses des forces de friction. Nous pensons que ces renseignements sont importants et qu'une bonne compréhension des phénomènes physiques accompagnant les vibrations peut certainement contribuer à une bonne formulation numérique des vibrations de structures complexes incluant des matériaux poreux. La dernière partie de ce mémoire traite de la propagation d'ondes guidées dans des couches poreuses et dans des matériaux mous pour la caractérisation de leurs propriétés élastiques et viscoélastiques.
Cette étude apporte une contribution à la détermination des propriétés mécaniques du squelette solide et complète l'étude des paramètres physiques des milieux poreux. L'un des avantages de la propagation guidée pour l'étude de matériaux fortement atténuants est qu'elle permet de concentrer l'énergie dans l'épaisseur d'une couche. Quant aux ondes stationnaires, elles permettent non seulement de concentrer l'énergie à une fréquence donnée mais aussi de travailler avec des plaques dont les dimensions sont finies (par rapport aux longueurs d'onde). Ces travaux, aussi bien expérimentaux que théoriques, font suite à des travaux d'Allard sur la propagation d'ondes de Rayleigh dans des matériaux poreux pour la détermination du module de cisaillement à haute fréquence. L'idée est de faire la jonction entre les méthodes vibratoires classiques de mesure à basse fréquence des modules élastiques et la méthode basée sur l'onde de Rayleigh dans le but de caractériser des matériaux mous dans un large domaine de fréquences. Une partie importante de la thèse de doctorat de L. Boeckx soutenue en février 2005 est consacrée à ce sujet. La principale difficulté rencontrée fut la génération et la détection d'ondes guidées dans ce type de matériau très atténuant et dans le même temps très dispersif à certaines fréquences. Des résultats dignes d'intérêt dans cette étude sont certainement :
- la proposition d'une méthode d'excitation et de détection d'ondes guidées dans des matériaux très atténuants basée sur l'établissement d'ondes stationnaires dans le matériau, l'idée étant d'exciter le matériau mou avec une sinusoïde continue dans le but de maximiser l'énergie appliquée à une fréquence donnée.
- l'observation pour la première fois de plusieurs modes guidés dans de la matière très molle tels que les modes A0, S0 et A1 dans une couche de mousse polyuréthane hautement poreuse montée dans les conditions de Lamb. la détermination des courbes de dispersion expérimentales à partir du tracé du profil d'ondes stationnaires et de la transformée de Fourier spatiale de ce profil fournissant les périodicités spatiales des différents modes susceptibles de se propager à une fréquence donnée.
- la caractérisation des propriétés élastiques et viscoélastiques de mousses polyuréthane dans un domaine de fréquences compris entre 50 Hz et 4 kHz, typiquement.
- la description théorique faisant intervenir la théorie des modes guidés et les équations de la poroélasticité dans des couches de matériau placées dans différentes configurations.
- la prédiction de l'existence de deux familles de modes guidés dans les couches poreuses et la confirmation de l'existence de modes symétriques et antisymétriques lorsqu'une couche poreuse est placée dans les conditions de Lamb où les fluides environnant les deux faces de la couche sont les mêmes.
Suite à ces travaux et en application de cette technique de détection d'ondes guidées, des recherches sur les propriétés mécaniques de matériaux mous tel que des gels, du caoutchouc ou des films de liquide très visqueux appliqués sur un substrat rigide ont débuté au Laboratorium voor Akoestiek en Thermische Fysica. Une collaboration avec l'ECIME de l'université de Cergy Pontoise vise à caractériser la transition liquide-solide de milieux gélifs tels que du yaourt. Des gels synthétiques ou biologiques affichent des propriétés acoustiques étonnantes qui demandent à être étudiées plus précisément. Une autre étude est en actuellement en cours en collaboration avec l'Université du Maine sur la propagation d'ondes de surface et d'ondes guidées dans des milieux granulaires et des sables. D'autres perspectives de recherche font intervenir le banc ultrasonore développé à Leuven et au Mans. Il existe par exemple un intérêt particulier pour le vieillissement de la mie de pain, un milieu poreux bien connu et apprécié.
Bouzzit, Aziz. "Ellipsométrie acoustique pour le suivi et la caractérisation de matériaux complexes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CYUN1304.
Texto completo da fonteComplex materials are at the heart of major societal challenges in most major fields such as energy, transport, environment, heritage conservation/restoration, health and safety. Because of the opportunities for innovation offered in terms of features, these materials are giving rise to new problems of multi-physical and multi-scale analysis and understanding. The same applies to the instrumentation needed to characterize them.Acoustic methods, which are widely used in the non-destructive characterization of complex media, make use of the propagation properties of mechanical waves in these materials, which can be heterogeneous and anisotropic.In a multi-scale approach, the advantage of ultrasonic methods is that they are particularly sensitive to mechanical properties such as elasticity, rigidity and viscosity. The heterogeneous and multiphase nature of a complex medium thus leads to the notion of a viscoelastic medium, characterized by generalized complex Lamé coefficients (��∗, ��∗) and their variation as a function of frequency.The objective of this thesis is to develop a method for characterizing these complex viscoelastic materials that simultaneously measures the variation of the two generalized complex Lamé coefficients (��∗, ��∗) versus the frequency. The proposed approach is to follow, in space and in time, the propagation of the Rayleigh wave and to extract its ellipsometric parameters (ellipticity χ and orientation θ) in addition to the propagation parameters (k' and k'') conventionally determined. Based on the wave detection by 3D laser vibrometry at the surface of the complex material, and by means of 2D Gabor analysis in Quaternion space, the estimation of propagation and ellipsometric parameters gives access to the complete characterization of the complex material only by studying the interaction of a Rayleigh wave with the medium.The theoretical developments proposed in this work, together with experimental and simulation results, confirm the value of acoustic ellipsometry for characterizing these complex materials
Tran, Dinh Hoang. "Caractérisation du milieu poreux : approches mécanique et acoustique". Le Havre, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LEHA0001.
Texto completo da fonteThe research performed in this thesis aims to study the characterization of the filtration of suspended particles through a saturated porous media using both acoustic and mechanical methods. The step input injections of suspended particles (silt) with different concentrations were carried out in the laboratory column filled with the porous media (glass beads or sand). The retention of the particles is derived from the breakthrough curves and the hydro-dispersive parameters are then deduced by the analytical solution of the advection-dispersion equation. In order to describe the phenomenon of deep filtration, an acoustic method is carried out by using the measurements of ultrasound transmission and reflection. A numerical simulation based on the Biot-Stoll theory is developed and the results are adjusted with the experimental data. The evolution of the mechanical and the acoustical parameters of the porous media with the frequency and the depth of the porous media are determined by an inverse method
Alami, Aroussi Amira. "Microcaractérisation de matériaux par imagerie photoacoustique sélective". Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30272.
Texto completo da fonteDThe underlying principle in the photoacoustic imagery consists in generating acoustic waves by thermoelastic effect in a sample with the help of an intensity modulated laser beam. The resulting acoustic waves are detected by a piezo-electric sensor. The processing of the sensor-signal and the scanning of the surface sample permit the reconstitution of images issued from a selected depth. The first part of the work deals with the localization of in-depth defects. A one-dimensional theoretical model of the photoacoustic signal permits defect localization from subsurface images realized at different detection phases. This technique has been used of to measure locally the thickness of a diffused resistance in an integrated circuit and thereafter visualize the resistance profile in three dimensions. The second part is devoted to the theoretical and experimental quantification of the resolving power of the photoacoustic microscope which is about 2µm with 100 kHz
Jaouen, Luc. "Contribution à la caractérisation mécanique de matériaux poro-visco-élastiques en vibro-acoustique". Phd thesis, Université de Sherbrooke, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005973.
Texto completo da fonteLes modules d'Young ou de cisaillement ainsi que les coefficients
d'amortissement de mousses polymères ou matériaux fibreux sont estimés dans leurs conditions usuelles d'utilisation, i.e. en flexion ou cisaillement et dans des gammes de température et de fréquence habituellement rencontrées dans les industries du bâtiment ou des transports. La théorie de Biot-Johnson-Champoux-Allard est utilisée pour décrire le comportement de ces matériaux poro-visco-élastiques modélisés comme des systèmes diphasiques constitués d'une phase solide et d'une phase fluide, l'air, couplées dans le temps et l'espace.
La première méthode est dérivée de celle de la poutre d'Oberst : un
déplacement transverse est imposé au centre d'une poutre en conditions limites libre-libre. Un calcul par éléments finis hiérarchiques et un algorithme non-linéaire d'inversion sont utilisés afin d'estimer les paramètres inconnus des matériaux et de déterminer leurs évolutions en fonction de la fréquence et de la température.
La seconde méthode est basée sur l'étude des vibrations d'une plaque multicouche en flexion. Un code numérique hiérarchique
simplifié est utilisé conjointement au précédent algorithme d'inversion dans le même but de caractérisation des matériaux poro-visco-élastiques.
Des applications à quelques matériaux, visco-élastiques légers ou
mousses aux propriétés très différentes, ont permis de vérifier la pertinence de ces méthodes face à celles déjà existantes et d'en fixer les limitations.
Ceausescu-Ersen, Elena Alina. "Application de la technique d'émission acoustique à la caractérisation de matériaux céramiques évolutifs". Limoges, 2004. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/f8093c9b-c946-42b9-b46b-605c5f162195/blobholder:0/2004LIMO0029.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThe acoustic emission is a non-destructive characterization technique usually applied for to monitoring the damage of materials submitted to mechanical stress. This thesis work presents the application of this technique to the study of evolving systems, in the absence of any external mechanic tension. The report begins with the presentation of this technique as well as its applications listed in the literature. The first results concern the monitoring of the calcium aluminate cement hydration phenomenon during the first hours (early age). The phenomena of growth and friction between the aluminium and calcium hydrates lead to a considerable acoustic activity. In the second time, we present the hydration of gypsum alone or in the presence of a retarding additive, which can be adsorbed at the surface of gypsum. We show that this technique is very sensitive to the surface adsorption phenomenon. Lastly, the report ends with the presentation of the studies on water adsorption or drying phenomena in a porous ceramic to which the acoustic emission is also sensitive
Wang, Yu. "Développement d'un capteur magnéto acoustique on-chip pour la caractérisation des matériaux complexes". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CERG0717/document.
Texto completo da fonteAcoustic and electromagnetic waves are key probing candidates for characterizing their propagation media with minimum perturbation. Often used with independent sensors based on specialized transducing materials, the approach developed here provides an on-ship multimodal sensor using the same sensing material for probing the acoustic and electromagnetic properties of the material. To meet a wide range of applications, the choice of the active piezoelectric element is carried out on an AT cut quartz. The study focuses on the steps leading in fine to an on-chip magneto-acoustic sensor with a contactless excitation.The theoretical study of a magneto-acoustic sensor inductively excited and loaded by a viscous fluid is first carried out. This sensor consists of three elements: a radio frequency (RF) sensor, a high quality factor RF resonator and a quartz on which two ring electrodes have been deposited. The complex viscosity of the studied material is derived from the electrical impedance of the complete system. The measurements carried on etalon viscoelastic materials show a good agreement with the theoretical results.The integration of the RF resonator on the piezoelectric element being via circular electrodes, a preliminary study is performed for determining the acoustic waves that can be generated in the quartz and their interaction with the electrodes. The laser vibrometry measurements indicate that Lamb waves are generated in a wide frequency range, from 100 kHz to 20 MHz. The analysis of the spatial pulse response of the sensor surface by 3D Gabor transform locates the source of these waves on the edge of the electrodes. Furthermore, the study of the disk at it fundamental frequency points out the high nonlinear mechanical behavior of the quartz.The plane RF multi-turn resonator and its integration on the quartz disk of the magneto-acoustic on-chip sensor are then studied. The experimental results of impedance and laser vibrometry measurements validate the proposed theoretical model. The selected frequency range (between 5 and 20 MHz) allows one to consider micro rheological measurements
Dupont, Samuel. "Caractérisation de matériaux acoustiques par antennes microphoniques sphériques et hémisphériques". Thesis, Le Mans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LEMA1016.
Texto completo da fonteSound absorbing materials such as foams, textiles or carpets are used in many areas to absorb sound. This can be for protection (workers) or comfort (buildings, cars, airplanes, etc.).In order to dimension and choose which material to use according to each situation, predictive calculations are used based on characterizations giving the absorption coefficients and/or surface impedance of the said materials.The characterizations are typically carried out in the laboratory using standardized measurements techniques such as the impedance tube or the reverberation chamber method. However, these have many limitations. The problematic of this PhD project is to find solutions by using a microphone antenna system to determine the properties of acoustic materials in a reliable and robust way while overcoming the limitations of conventional methods. This document is a synthesis of the work carried out in this direction. The problem is addressed through two main approaches, the holographic type approaches where one reconstructs the sound pressure and the normal particle velocity to estimate the surface impedance and the model matching (optimization) approaches where one identifies the surface impedance that minimizes the error between the measurements and the model.These models are presented for different microphone antenna geometries: spherical, hemispherical and planar. They are separated between methods that depend on one geometry and those that can be applied to several geometries.Simulations and experiments are shown to validate the developed models
Schwartz, Delphine. "Application des techniques d'optimisation à la caractérisation de matériaux ou d'objets par des techniques de contrôle non destructif". Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOS060.
Texto completo da fonteVila, Michel. "Caractérisation ultrasonore de matériau à l'aide de méthodes d'acoustique non linéaire". Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR4057.
Texto completo da fonteBrunet, Nicolas. "Etude de l'influence du liquide de couplage sur la micro-caractérisation de matériaux par signature acoustique". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20168.
Texto completo da fonteAmédin, Celse Kafui. "Caractérisation acoustique des matériaux poreux absorbants par des mesures en transmission en champ libre". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21844.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteAmédin, Celse Kafui. "Caractérisation acoustique des matériaux poreux absorbants par des mesures en transmission en champ libre". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 1995. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1652.
Texto completo da fonteCurti, Alain. "Etude et comparaison des méthodes de caractérisation des matériaux absorbants en acoustique sous-marine". Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30105.
Texto completo da fonteNounah, Hassan. "Modélisation et caractérisation des matériaux à gradient de propriétés mécaniques par des méthodes microacoustiques". Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20117.
Texto completo da fonteBessard, Gilles. "Caractérisation de matériaux de découplage à l'aide d'un tube à ondes progressives". Valenciennes, 1995. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/e4a4a16f-0fa8-410d-80df-f3a641cf6b61.
Texto completo da fonteEtchessahar, Manuel. "Caractérisation mécanique en basses fréquences des matériaux acoustiques". Le Mans, 2002. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2002/2002LEMA1015.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThis work deals with new caracterisation techniques of the mechanical properties of porous materials, such as polymeric foams and fibrous materials, currently used in sound absorbing applications. First, a quasistatic traction-compression experimental technic used to measure Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of such materials on the frequency range 1-100 Hz is described. A special attention is paid on linear domain, frequency dependence, anisotropy and dynamical and coupling effects. Next a most adapted to industrial context technic allowing a large frequency range carcterisation is presented. This technic, based on the frequency-temperature superposition principle, is validated on polyurethan foams. Moreover, it is shown that the knowledge of the frequency dependence of one modulus is enougth to predict the frequency dependance of all moduli. These materials being usually plate like, the final part presents a new experimental device to measure the bending modulus of poroelastic plates. The inversion is based on modal analysis with the Prony method and on a analytical model of bending behaviour of poroelastic plates. This model is based on the Biot model in order to take into account the fluid-strucure coupling effects. Results obtained on a fibroux material are satisfying while results obtained on a polymeric foam show clearly the limits of this new model
Frénet, Dominique. "Application de la technologie multi-éléments à la caractérisation des matériaux par ondes acoustiques de surface en régime impulsionnel". Valenciennes, 1999. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/d47c424f-ed1b-4d29-b812-8e210d593fff.
Texto completo da fonteBenmehrez, Youssef. "Contribution de l'inversion des réponses V(Z) à la caractérisation élastique des matériaux". Valenciennes, 2002. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/c2d7c066-3fe9-4800-a49d-0515b16a92b9.
Texto completo da fonteThe purpose of the following study is to determine a processing method of the experimental V(z) signal obtained on flat samples (plates and substrates). The so-called V(z) signal corresponds to the sum over the surface of the focalised transducer of the reflected field. This signal depends on the z-defocus which is the distance between the interface of the sample and the focus. The inversion process operated on the V(z) signal gives the reflectance coefficient R(0,f) in the range of the frequency bandwidth and for all angles included in the half-aperture of the transducer. These R-coefficients have singularities closely linked to the generation of surface wave in the sampleand and are dependant on the elastic constants C. This lead to the definition of a minimization function which is a sum of quadric terms corresponding to the difference between the measured R-coefficient and the simulated one versus the elastic constants. This function defined in the C space gets a sharp trace in the vicinity of the solution. In the isotropic case a single minimization function gives the evaluation of the elastic constants, whereas for both the cubic and hexagonal case two minimization functions are required, each giving the evaluation of a bunch of constants. The optimization algorithm (simplex method) is a local searching method. Thus, we need to have an approximate range value of the searched elastic constants in order to initialize the algorithm. A graphical method is proposed for this purpose. The validation is carried out for plates of different symmetries: glass (isotropic), silicon (cubic) and fibers-composition (hexagonal). The limitations of this method are also discussed in the case of substrates
Glé, Philippe. "Acoustique des Matériaux du Bâtiment à base de Fibres et Particules Végétales - Outils de Caractérisation, Modélisation et Optimisation". Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923665.
Texto completo da fonteBai, Ruonan. "Caractérisation de milieux poreux hétérogènes par approche acoustique". Thesis, Le Havre, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEHA0009/document.
Texto completo da fonteA theoretical and experimental study of wave propagation in double porosity media submitted to the flowing of turbid liquids is led. Two samples of double porosity materials assumed to obey Berryman and Wang’s extension (1995) of Biot’s theory in the low frequency regime are considered : (i) ROBU® (pure binder-free borosilicate glass 3.3 manufactured to form the individual grains) and (ii) Tobermorite 11 Å ( the individual porous cement grains show irregular shapes). We propose on the one hand a numerical study of wave propagation through a rectangular box filled with a double porosity medium and, on the other an experimental validation in laboratory. The characterizations of the double porosity medium by using mechanical tools are also presented. The tracing tests for characterizing the transport and the deposition of suspended particles contained in saturating liquids, are realized. The interpretations of the results are based on the transfer time, the restitution ratio, the retention capacity, the spatial profile of the retention and the size sorting of transported particles. The aim of our research is to develop a method for non-destructive testing that allows an assessment of the degree of clogging resulting from the deposition of fine particles in the pores, for example
Rousier, Rodrigue. "Microleviers résonnants pour la microscopie à force : applications à la caractérisation de matériaux". Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA2005.
Texto completo da fonteLematre, Mickael. "Contribution de la microscopie acoustique à la caractérisation des matériaux : application à la détérmination des constantes élastiques". Valenciennes, 2000. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/09574a17-8a46-42d9-ac4f-a57b1afe5f88.
Texto completo da fonteThe principle of the acoustic microscopy is based on the use of spherical or cylindrical lens allowing to focus the acoustic waves propagating in a fluid. The variations in the so-called V(z) curve give informations on the speed of the surfacically guided waves. The purpose of this work is to contribute to the characterization of materials by trying to determine their elastic parameters out of the speed of the guided waves by the use of an optimization algotrithm based on the simplex. Since the reflection coefficient is necessary for the modeling of the answer of the microscope, it’s calculation for various structures such as semi-infinite anisotropic solid, plate, multilayer, multilayer on substrate, is presented at first. The problems of numerical stability are also discussed in trying to bring a partial solution by including a symbolic calculation code. The numerical prediction of V(z) curves is then discussed. Results of simulation of V(z, f) curves for isotropic materials, where f is the frequency, and of V (z, Φ) for anisotropic materials where Φ is the azimutal angle are presented for the set of structures firstly described. From the profiles of speed obtained versus the azimutal angle by using the Kushibiki’s method, simulated calculations of the elastic parameters are presented for a substrate of MgO, as well as for a TiN layer on this particular substrate. The method is based on a procedure using the algorithm of the simplex in order to minimize the gap between the speedscalculated for a given set of constants and the measured ones. In the case of isotropic materials behaving as wave-guides, such as a thin plate or a coated substrate, an original variant of this method is proposed. This one is based on the use of a profile versus the frequency of a parameter; which is homogeneous to a speed associated to a global resonance of the structure. The determination of the elastic constants is then made by minimizing the gap between the profiles of the measured and calculated speeds versus frequency. Using these methods, several experiments have been led and showed the importance of a precise knowledge of the geometrical characteristics of the used probe (curvature, opening angle). Both methods for the determination of the elastic parameters were then experimentally validated, respectively on a silicon substrate (cubic symmetry ) and on glass and aluminium plates (isotropic). In all cases, the values of the elastic parameters were determined with a very good precision. The prediction regarding the maximal initial gap constants were verified as well
Dammak, Yosra. "Caractérisation numérique et expérimentale par ultrasons de matériaux à gradient fonctionnel". Thesis, Le Mans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEMA1039/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis focuses on the study of multilayered and FGM systems (FGM : Functionnally Graded Materials). The main purpose of this type of materials is to obtain deposits with new and innovative features and to increase the fracture toughness. From now on, FGM have been used in various high technology applications.A multilayer system with a composition gradient of copper and nickel was studied experimentally by the application of the laser ultrasonics (LU) technique which was coupled to a theoretical study based on the ordinary differential equations (ODE) and the Stiffness Matrix Method (SMM). This PhD thesis is organized around four chapters. The first chapter is dedicated to a theoretical study of the propagation behavior of surface acoustic wave (SAW) in a multilayer system with à gradient of properties. Thus, the numerical methods developped for the piezoelectric materials (FGPM) are presented. The second chapter is devoted to describe the setup for making the samples used in this study which were obtained by sputtering technique. The third chapter presents the experimental study dedicated to the measurement of surface wave velocities in many crystal orientations. The last chapter of the manuscript presents experimental results, compared to the theoretical results, describing the dispersive behavior of submicrometer multilayers
Arnaout, Mohamad Abed Al Rahman. "Caractérisation d'une cellule de mesure électro-acoustique-pulsée pour la qualification électrostatique des diélectriques spatiaux : modélisation électro-acoustique et traitement du signal". Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1398/.
Texto completo da fonteDielectric materials are frequently used in satellite structures as a thermal blanket. Subjected to an electron irradiation - space environment - they can cause in-orbit satellite anomalies. One of these aspects is the charge accumulation due to the flux of space charged particles, and particularly to electrons. This accumulation increases the local electric field in the material bulk and can lead to an Electrostatic Surface Discharge - ESD. This phenomenon could cause serious damage to the satellite structure or performance. In order to have a better control on the discharge it is necessary to clarify; the nature, position and quantity of stored charges with time and to understand the dynamics of the charge transport in solid dielectrics. The Pulsed-Electro Acoustic - PEA method allows us to obtain these features, like the spatial distribution of space charges. One of the weaknesses of this current technique is spatial resolution, about 10 µm. Dielectric materials used in satellite structures have a thickness of 50 and 75 µm. This work aims at improving the spatial resolution for the PEA method. Whatever measurement principle considered, the best spatial resolution achievable is 10µm. This is a drawback when considering rather thin insulating layers (order of tens of microns), as the case in some capacitors or films on outer parts of satellites. Also, a better resolution (1µm) is expected to provide a better description of charge generation in insulation at metal dielectric interfaces or under low energy electron beams
Salissou, Yacoubou. "Caractérisation des propriétés acoustiques des matériaux poreux à cellules ouvertes et à matrice rigide ou souple". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1916.
Texto completo da fonteZine, Oussama. "Caractérisation thermique et acoustique des plaques isolantes à base de fibres végétales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CYUN1279.
Texto completo da fonteThe valorization of plant waste, so abundant in Morocco, offers great potential for the development of a new sector of composite materials. Nevertheless, this potential remains under-exploited. In this context, this study was carried out to investigate the thermal and acoustical characteristics of local composite panels based on plant fibers. The aim is twofold: on the one hand, to offer an alternative solution to waste management in Morocco, and on the other hand, to improve the thermal and acoustic performance of walls.Several samples of composite materials based on plant fibers (wood chips, sawdust, crushed hemp shiv, and fibred hemp shiv) were developed to assess their thermal and acoustical characteristics.From a thermal point of view, the experimental results have shown that the majority of composites studied exhibit low values of the thermal conductivity and diffusivity. In addition, the variation in bulk density has a considerable effect on the thermal properties of the composites. In addition, the thermal inertia parameters of the exterior wall are influenced by the thermophysical properties, thickness, and position of the insulation in the wall, as well as the internal global heat exchange coefficient.From an acoustic point of view, the samples have a significant acoustic absorption capacity, particularly at high frequencies. They can absorb more than 50% of incident sound energy over a wide range of frequencies. Composite bulk density and particle size also influence acoustic absorption.In conclusion, the results obtained provide a reliable and promising assessment of the thermal and acoustic performance of plant-based insulation materials. The development of this sector will contribute to Morocco's energy efficiency development program and enrich the database of insulation materials available in the country
Giangreco, Christian. "Caractérisation de matériaux en acoustique sous-marine à l'aide de la mesure en cuve de panneaux de dimensions finies". Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD327.
Texto completo da fontePayan, Cédric. "Caractérisation non destructive du béton : étude du potentiel de l'acoustique non linéaire". Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX22076.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis study the potential of nonlinear acoustics based techniques applied to non-destructive evaluation of concrete. Nonlinear based methods have been considered as regard of nonlinear indicators sensitivity face homogeneous medium’s damage. Their dynamic evolution is often two order magnitude greater than linear ones. One of the greater stacks for non destructive evaluation in civil engineering is research of indicators capable of providing relevant information in situ. Concrete, structural material, find itself properties altering in time as function of its structural (composition, damage…) and environmental (water saturation, temperature, pre-stress…) parameters. Naturally highly heterogeneous and micro-cracked medium, it exhibits a strong nonlinear response, signature of so called since 1990’s “non classical” materials such as rocks or more recently as granular mediums. We illustrate first the classical nonlinearity of concrete, reflecting ultrasound wave speed dependence with quasi-static stress. Thus, we apply in case of concrete a method from geophysics studying the coda of transmitted waves, with a high potential for on site applications. Secondly, we study sensitivity of nonlinear non classical parameters face of a progressive thermal damage. So we employ the Nonlinear Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (NRUS) method and show sensitivity of these indicators to this kind of damage. We then show feasibility and sensitivity of applying shear modes for the method as well as similarity of their response with compressional ones. At last, we deal with its on site transposition limits. Another approach is implemented studying non classical nonlinearity by interaction of a mechanical impact with a monochromatic wave, with a high potential for on site applications. We finally describe and transpose in case of concrete, a recent modelling which allow describing the influence of some parameters as water saturation and porosity on the nonlinear response of concrete. We then exploit a battery of experiments in order to optimising some influent parameters in the model. We have demonstrated the potential of nonlinear methods for on site non destructive evaluation of concrete. This work is to be continued by studying possibilities of increasing sensitivity of nonlinearities detection by using time reversal mirror or slow dynamics
Essassi, Khawla. "Développement et caractérisation statique et dynamique d'un composite sandwich à âme auxétique et à constituants naturels". Thesis, Le Mans, 2020. http://cyberdoc-int.univ-lemans.fr/Theses/2020/2020LEMA1025.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteIn recent years, bio-based composite materials have been used in different industrial sectors due to their environmental interests. The use of a biological matrix reinforced with vegetable fibers makes it possible to improve not only environmental protection but also mechanical performance. On the other hand, auxetic structures have emerged as a result of their high specific properties and especially their great energy absorption capacities. In this context, this study proposes to develop a composite sandwich material with a re-entrant honeycomb core and a purely natural constituent. In order to build this structure, the additive manufacturing method was used. First, the static tensile behavior of the skins is analyzed. The elastic characteristics of the printed specimens in different directions are determined. Subsequently, the mechanical properties of auxetic cores in tension and in compression as well as those of sandwiches in bending and indentation were developed. An analysis of damage mechanisms during indentation tests is performed using the acoustic emission technique. Then, experimental tests and analytical models were carried out to determine the fatigue behavior of the sandwiches. Finally, a study of the vibration behavior of the skin, cores and sandwiches is carried out using an experimental and numerical study by finite element. The contribution of each component in the global damping properties is discussed
Mechri, Charfeddine. "Techniques d’optique et d’acoustique ultra-rapides pour la caractérisation des propriétés des matériaux nano/méso-poreux et des opales synthétiques". Le Mans, 2009. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2009/2009LEMA1024.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteIn this communication, we present some results of laser ultrasonic experiments on nano and meso porous films and photonic crystals. In the beginning, low-k materials were studied with the pump probe technique. We start by presenting their mechanical and optical properties extracted through analysis of our transient reflectivity results. Our results were compared to data collected by other optical techniques. Some inhomogeneities in the mechanical properties were observed. Secondly, we focused on nano-porous alumina structure. Some resonance phenomena and interferometric measurements helped to determine its elastic properties and dimensions. The last part of this work was allocated to the study of synthetic opals. The pump-probe technique was used to probe the eigenmodes of the submicron spheres. We could also draw some correlations between the photonic band gap (PBG) structure and the excitation/detection wavelength. A qualitative description of their photonic behaviour was formulated
Ferrer, Frédéric. "Etude et contrôle de l'abrasion-corrosion de matériaux métalliques en milieu aqueux : caractérisation de l'endommagement par émission acoustique et techniques électrochimiques". Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0121.
Texto completo da fonteThe abrasion-corrosion phenomenon is a complex metal damaging process. Its control is difficult despite great economical interest. The aim of this work is to study and characterize, this type of degradation in the laboratory, by using the acoustic emission technique, and to confirm on site the interest of employing this tool for monitoring eventual damages. The study is realized with the help of an experimental device consisting of a system for the acquisition and processing of acoustic emission data and classical electrochemical equipment. Both techniques are coupled together with a test loop allowing tests with different liquid flow velocities, as well as changing the nature, the concentration and the angle of impingement of the abrasive particles. In the first part of this work, the acoustic emission bursts resulting from mono-impact particles are compared with other emissive phenomena. Then, in order to simulate an industrial environment, the study is conducted in pluri-impacts conditions. In the latter case, the acoustic emission is energetically and spectraly characterized. The energetic determination allows the comparison of the damages of two steels (an austenic stainless steel and a low alloy steel) in pure abrasion and in abrasion-corrosion conditions. The respective influences of the flow velocity, the particle concentration and the angle of impingement are investigated. Significant acoustic parameters of the abrasion rate are selected, and that permits the definition of an experimental protocol evidencing the synergistic effect due to the increase of corrosion by abrasion as well as the increase of abrasion by corrosion. The spectral investigation confirms that the acoustic emission is a rewarding technique for characterizing the transition between abrasive and non abrasive liquid-solid particle flows. Industrial tests corroborate the laboratory results, and especially the significance of the acoustic parameters chosen for damaging evaluation
Sellen, Nadine. "Modification de l'impédance de surface d'un matériau par contrôle actif : Application à la caractérisation et à l'optimisation d'un absorbant acoustique". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2003. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/nsellen.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThe@recent development of automotive and aircraft transport contributed to the emergence of a new kind of nuisances called the noise pollution. In particular concerning the aeronautic domain turbo-engine noise damping is achieved by applying acoustic treatments on the nacelle walls. The topic of our study concerns the design of a hybrid absorbent cell combining the passive properties of a porous material and active control techniques ensuring a pressure release at the porous sheet rear face. Such an acoustic system is actually studied to enlarge the frequency range of noise reduction. The hybrid liner optimization is realized in case of a laboratory flow duct specifically developed for our application. The hybrid absorption concept is then experimentally validated under grazing flow
Gravade, Matthieu. "Contributions à la caractérisation et à la modélisation des mousses architecturées pour la vibroacoustique". Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA2018/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis PhD thesis is a contribution for the noise control field and parameters identification forporous materials models. We worded on a porous materials model. The identification ofmechanical and coupling modelling parameters, a composites foams study and a auxeticfoams study was conducted.A little currently strategy conduced in order to improve the identification of mechanical andcoupling modelling parameters is presented. This quite simple method of characterizationavoids placing complex experimental measures for each parameter.We also studied non-classical materials like a micro-structured plate and an auxetic foam.Better understand those materials is important, they can be used to replace classical materialsshowing better performances.The work forms part of a general vibro-acoustic study
Toumi, Souad. "Caractérisation des matériaux complexes et de leurs endommagements par la technique de la coda ultrasonore alliée à l'acoustique non linéaire". Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1024/document.
Texto completo da fonteNonlinear Resonance (NR) and Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI) have proved to be efficient to detect and follow the evolution of micro-cracks within a strongly scattering media (concrete, rocks, etc.). Nevertheless, the localization of the cracks using the same techniques is not straight forward. In order to avoid the conditioning and its subsequent relaxation effect related to NR, CWI is simultaneously applied when concrete samples are vibrating in the linear regime. Based on a comparative study of the coda signals contents (non ballistic part) in the absence and under the weak linear vibration, the localization of the mechanically induced scatterers was possible depending on the scatterers' main direction with respect to the vibration plane. The latter point raises the issue of the generated types of vibration at the scatterers. Therefore, investigations were performed using the Acoustic Emission (AE) technique, which has served to verify that the acoustic activity during the linear vibrations does change depending on the considered experimental configuration. The latter, has also a direct effect on the frequency content of the recorded AE hits showing the potential link existing between the quantitative analysis of AE hits and the generated vibration mechanisms of the existing micro-cracks
Toumi, Souad. "Caractérisation des matériaux complexes et de leurs endommagements par la technique de la coda ultrasonore alliée à l'acoustique non linéaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1024.
Texto completo da fonteNonlinear Resonance (NR) and Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI) have proved to be efficient to detect and follow the evolution of micro-cracks within a strongly scattering media (concrete, rocks, etc.). Nevertheless, the localization of the cracks using the same techniques is not straight forward. In order to avoid the conditioning and its subsequent relaxation effect related to NR, CWI is simultaneously applied when concrete samples are vibrating in the linear regime. Based on a comparative study of the coda signals contents (non ballistic part) in the absence and under the weak linear vibration, the localization of the mechanically induced scatterers was possible depending on the scatterers' main direction with respect to the vibration plane. The latter point raises the issue of the generated types of vibration at the scatterers. Therefore, investigations were performed using the Acoustic Emission (AE) technique, which has served to verify that the acoustic activity during the linear vibrations does change depending on the considered experimental configuration. The latter, has also a direct effect on the frequency content of the recorded AE hits showing the potential link existing between the quantitative analysis of AE hits and the generated vibration mechanisms of the existing micro-cracks
Duong, Ngoc Tan. "Cartographie et caractérisation acoustiques des matériaux composites : application à l’évaluation du taux volumique de porosité dans un matériau composite RTM". Thesis, Le Havre, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEHA0023/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe porosity of a composite plate in carbon / epoxy of type RTM is known by used of tomography X. A method of determination of this porosity by measure of the mitigation of the longitudinal waves through the thickness of this kind of plate is proposed. These measures are made on surfaces of different sizes (from some cm2 to some mm2) and allow the obtaining of cartographies. A correspondence porosity (tomo X) - Mitigation (US wave) is deducted and analyzed according to the structure of the composite material. In every case, we estimate the quality of the obtained relations and we deduct the limits of validity of the correspondence between porosity and mitigation. First results of acoustic tomography are obtained
Ben, ameur Mariem. "Caractérisation mécanique et suivi par émission acoustique des mécanismes d’endommagement des composites à fibres hybrides lin/carbone". Thesis, Le Mans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LEMA1039.
Texto completo da fonteThe use of natural fibers as reinforcement makes it possible to improve the environmental performance of the composite materials as well as their damping properties. Nevertheless, these natural fiber composites have lower mechanical performance than synthetic fiber composites. In this context, this study proposes to develop composite structures with hybrid reinforcement made of flax and carbon fibers. The objective of this hybridization is to find a compromise between the mechanical and dissipative properties. First, the static behavior of flax fiber, carbon fiber and flax/carbon hybrid composites was analyzed. The principal elastic characteristics of a UD ply in plane stresses are thus determined. Moreover, a monitoring and an analysis of the mechanisms of damage were carried out by means of the technique of acoustic emission associated with microscopic observations. In order to better meet industrial needs, the behavior of composites subjected to cyclic fatigue tests must be studied. In fact, the fatigue behavior of these materials with non-hybrid and hybrid reinforcements was analyzed under tensile stress and three-point bending. The influence of hybridization on the fatigue life of these composites has been established. Finally, an experimental study and a finite element modeling of the vibratory behavior of non-hybrid and hybrid composites were carried out. Thus, the role of different fibers, fiber orientations, stacking sequences in vibration damping has been discussed
Perrin, Marianne. "Etude et caractérisation par émission acoustique et mesures électrochimiques de la fragilisation par l'hydrogène des câbles de précontrainte : application aux ouvrages d'art". Lyon, INSA, 2009. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2009ISAL0103/these.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteToday, there is an important amount of ageing structures whose monitoring possibilities have not been planed from their construction. Their evaluation is then difficult. Concerning prestressed concrete bridges, one of their main degradation forms is the corrosion of prestressing strands, which are crucial elements of these structures. The inspection of these bridges need the development of new non destructive testing, like acoustic emission (AE). The objective of this work is dual. Firstly, the potential of AE to detect strands corrosion has to be verify. Then, the accomodation of the monitoring technique to the geometry of bridges is examined. The validation of the technique is realised on laboratory frames, from accelerated corrosion tests with ammonium thiocyanate. Results show that AE is efficient to detect some corrosion mechanisms on laboratory tests. Results are validated by coupling the acoustic monitoring to electrochemical measurements. Then, the transition to more complex structures enables to be close to a bridge monitoring but also to characterize AE limits
Karray, Mayssa. "Caractérisation des propriétés mécaniques et électriques des matériaux composites par méthode holographique numérique 3D et analyse diélectrique". Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00793179.
Texto completo da fonteCrean, Gabriel Michael. "La technique de la signature acoustique des matériaux : application à la caractérisation des couches minces opaques d'interconnection utilisées dans la fabrication des circuits intégrés". Grenoble 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE10012.
Texto completo da fonteBrouard, Yoann. "Caractérisation et optimisation d'un composite biosource pour l'habitat". Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR4024.
Texto completo da fonteThe purpose of this study was to compare hygrothermal acoustical and mechanical properties ot different materials based on vegetal aggregates and clay in order to characterize the performances of different biocomposites to provide building insulation solutions with a view to valorizing agricultural waste. We first analyzed the raw materials in order to get the density, thermal and hydric properties of the vegetal aggregates in one hand and the mineralogy and gravimetric data of the selected crude earth in the other hand. Thermal behavior of earth:vegetal aggregates mixes have been investigated at different humidity rates and different density ranges. Additionally, hydric properties have been measured to produce sorption and desorption curves and moisture buffer values (MBV) in one hand and capillarity of both aggregates and biocomposites on the other hand. One of the main interests of this study is to confirm that a wide range of locally produced vegetal byproducts could be used as - bioaggregates for concretes. Local biomaterials industries could therefore emerge depending on the locally available resources at country scale
Caruyer, Grégory. "Modélisation, conception et caractérisation de résonateurs et filtres à onde acoustique de volume pour le filtrage RF en téléphonie mobile". Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-Caruyer.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteGuillaume, Robin. "Méthodes acoustiques auto-calibrées en émission-réception pour l'étude et le suivi des propriétés non linéaires des matériaux et l'imagerie". Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00626417.
Texto completo da fonteFreiha, Georges. "Propagation d’ondes acoustiques dans les milieux à forte porosité : application à la caractérisation des matrices poreuses". Valenciennes, 2010. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/445514cc-8740-4044-aac1-0920ddb5afce.
Texto completo da fonteThe essential work of this thesis is the characterization of the elastic coefficients of a porous medium using ultrasonic waves. A bibliographic study is presented at the beginning of the thesis summarizing previous works in this domain, particularly about propagation models of elastics waves. Taking into consideration all internal reflected and transmitted waves in the porous medium, we introduce a new formalism of calculus of reflection and transmission coefficients of elastics waves in porous medium being the only coefficient that can be measured directly from experiments. The elastic coefficients are then found by applying a numeric inverse problem method. We used a numerical finite element simulation applied to a porous beam in order to calculate the static values of the elastic constants that will be introduced as initial values in the algorithm in numerical inverse problem. In order to validate our numerical process, we realized different alumina porous media with a controlled porosity. All obtained results show that elastic properties of porous medium can be found using ultrasonic measurement