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1
Aguiar, Danilo Rolim Dias de, e Gabriella Nunes da Costa. "The impacts of the food-feed-fuel competition on Brazilian food supply". Revista de Economia e Agronegócio 15, n.º 2 (4 de setembro de 2017): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.25070/rea.v15i2.441.
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The impact of the so-called "food-feed-fuel competition" on hunger has been a major concern worldwide. In addition, the environmental impacts caused by increases in the production of certain foods have made food supplying even more challenging. As few studies have dealt with this issue in Brazil, this paper aims to evaluate the country's nutritional situation since 1995, focusing on the effects of producing animal feed and biofuels on both the domestic availability of food and the role of Brazil as a food supplier to foreign countries. We estimate the quantity of nutrients produced in the country, compare them with the necessities of Brazilians and estimate the population that could be fed by means of Brazilian exports. The results indicate that despite the food-feed-fuel competition, the supply of food has increased and has been sufficient to nourish all Brazilians plus a number even larger of foreigners. As food availability is adequate, the large number of Brazilians still exposed to undernourishment reflects the limited access to food by low-income consumers. We also conclude that Brazil could contribute even more to feed foreigners if policies were implemented aiming to induce farmers to produce a different sort of products.
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Porto de Oliveira, Osmany. "Brazil Exporting Social Policies: From Local Innovation to a Global Model". Journal of Politics in Latin America 11, n.º 3 (dezembro de 2019): 249–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1866802x19889757.
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The importation of foreign models is part of Brazil’s institution building story, owing to its Portuguese colonisation and the influence of European countries and the United States. After the transition to democracy and the Constitution of 1988, the scenario began to change. The country developed social policy innovations that rose to a national scale when the Workers’ Party took office. These innovations started to spread globally, and international organisations began to recommend Brazilian social policies. Examples of Brazilian policies that have been transferred are the Family Allowance and the National School Feeding Programs. How has Brazil moved from importing foreign institutions to becoming a Southern country reference in terms of social policies? The main argument here is that Brazil, while building itself into a rising power, has developed new patterns of policy transfers that have so far been overlooked by the field literature. Through a process-tracing analysis of Brazil’s social policy diffusion, we have been able to identify different forces that facilitate these transfers, such as a quest for international legitimacy, the role of “policy ambassadors,” the joint efforts of various national institutions, Brazilians occupying positions in international organisations, and the creation of institutions designed for these policy transfers.
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Baumann, Renato. "Brazilian external sector so far in the 21st century". Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional 53, spe (dezembro de 2010): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-73292010000300003.
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Although Brazil has traditionally been characterized by a culture of inward-looking policy making, the presence of foreign firms in the Brazilian productive sector has always been significant. The share of foreign-owned firms is one of the highest that can be found among developing countries. This article discusses the main features of the external sector of the Brazilian economy, regarding trade flows, foreign investment, the internationalization of Brazilian entrepreneurial groups and the short-term financial requirements in foreign currencies
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Dju, Orlindo, Johnatan Da Costa Santos, Darinka Brosovich Flores e Jorge Marko Calderon Verduga. "African direction in the foreign policy of Brazil". OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2020, n.º 11-1 (1 de novembro de 2020): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202011statyi06.
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The article considers political, economic, social and cultural aspects of Brazilian-African cooperation at the end of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century. At the present stage, after two decades of active development, Brazilian policy towards Africa has been losing momentum. Nowadays the cooperation between Brazil and African countries requires developing a new strategy.
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Puntigliano, Andrés Rivarola. "Going Global: an organizational study of Brazilian foreign policy". Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional 51, n.º 1 (2008): 28–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-73292008000100002.
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This study analyzes the impact of globalisation on the organization and strategies outlined by the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The study intends to understand how countries from the periphery deal with new institutional challenges resulting from globalization, using the case of the Brazilian diplomatic service.
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Roa, Alejandra Carrillo, e Felipe Ricardo Baptista e. Silva. "Fiocruz as an actor in Brazilian foreign relations in the context of the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries: an untold story". História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 22, n.º 1 (março de 2015): 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702015000100009.
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Brazilian foreign policy paradigms and changes in the global scenario since the Cold War created conditions for stronger ties between Brazil and Portuguese-speaking African countries. Recently, Brazil took the lead in regional integration processes and in South-South cooperation initiatives. These strategies and Fiocruz's acknowledged technical expertise resulted in its direct involvement in Brazilian foreign public health policy in the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries. Fiocruz developed cooperation projects in various areas, sharing its know-how and best practices in the most critical fields in partner countries, consolidating "public health framework cooperation" and contributing to diversifying Brazil's partners and promoting Brazil as a global actor.
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Mouron, Fernando, Francisco Urdinez e Janina Onuki. "Framing effects on foreign policy: experimental evidence from emerging countries and the Argentine-Brazilian rivalry". Opinião Pública 22, n.º 1 (abril de 2016): 195–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-01912016221195.
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Abstract Civil society plays an increasingly important role in the formulation of foreign policy in emerging countries. This article investigates whether public opinion is sensitive to framing effects regarding foreign policy. Data from a survey experiment with a sample of 1,530 students at the Universidad de Buenos Aires and the Universidad Nacional de Avellaneda, we find that participants are sensitive to framing effects on foreign affairs. The interviewees changed their preferences when stimulated by information regarding Brazilian economic growth and military expenditure in comparison with Argentina. In turn, this effect was more pronounced among a) people who tend to stay less informed regarding foreign affairs and b) individuals who are more nationalistic.
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Gómez, Eduardo, e Fernanda Aguilar Perez. "BRAZILIAN FOREIGN POLICY IN HEALTH DURING DILMA ROUSSEFF'S ADMINISTRATION (2011-2014)". Lua Nova: Revista de Cultura e Política, n.º 98 (agosto de 2016): 171–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-6445171-197/98.
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Abstract This article analyses changes and continuities in Brazilian international actions in the field of public health, aiming at understanding how the Brazilian foreign policy in health during President Dilma Rousseff's first term (2011-2014) was developed. Available data from President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) years and Dilma's first term were used for comparative purposes. Emphasis was given on South-South cooperation projects, more specifically the Union of South American Countries (USAN, Unión de Naciones Suramericanas - Unasur) and to the Community of Portuguese-speaking Countries (CPLP). Brazilian behavior in international fora, such as the World Health Organization, was analyzed as well, with the purpose of understanding how such behavior evolved. In addition, domestic issues were considered. In this case, the coordination among different actors of the Brazilian Executive Power received due attention. Findings suggest that there has been downfall and even decline in the Government's foreign health policy.
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Yoon, Taek-Dong. "The Characteristics of Korean Exports to Brazil from the Perspective of Export Diversification". Korea International Trade Research Institute 19, n.º 4 (31 de agosto de 2023): 179–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.4.202308.179.
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Purpose - The Korean economy has been growing rapidly with Five-Year Economic Development Plans since the 1960s. It is generally accepted that foreign trade has been a key factor in the rapid growth of the economy. Initially, the growth of Korean exports was concentrated in a small number of countries. Over time, this high concentration became a threat to the stable growth of the Korean economy. This was the main reason why the need for Korean export diversification emerged.
Design/Methodology/Approach - Most analyses of Korea's foreign trade by Korean researchers have focused on total exports and important countries. On the other hand, there are not many studies on other small and medium-sized countries. With the recent publication of several papers on Korea's exports to Brazil, it is now possible to examine the characteristics of Korean exports to the Brazilian market as a part of diversification of exports.
Findings - Integrating four recent papers on Korean exports to Brazil, Chapter 3 discusses their main characteristics; the process of Korean penetration into the Brazilian market, the changes in export trends from Korea to Brazil, the relationship between Korean exports to Brazil, and the Brazilian macroeconomic policy/situation, as well as others.
Research Implications - Despite the limitations of analyzing only one country, Brazil, this paper not only sheds new light on various characteristics of Korean exports to the Brazilian market, but also suggests new approaches and analytical methods for future research on Korea's foreign trade and export diversification.
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Kazelko, A. A. "Evolution of Brazil’s Strategic Behavior Towards Smaller MERCOSUR Countries in the XXI Century". Mezhdunarodnaja jekonomika (The World Economics), n.º 1 (18 de janeiro de 2024): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-04-2401-05.
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In foreign policy documents and public statements by senior Brazilian officials, the development of the Southern common market (MERCOSUR) is mentioned as a foreign policy priority, but the dynamics of integrational processes in it are far from being positive due to the economic asymmetry of the countries represented — major players — Brazil and Argentina and smaller economies — Uruguay and Paraguay. The authors of the article considers a foreign policy strategy of large countries in relation to smaller ones in the association as the reason for the diffi culties in eliminating the economic asymmetry in MERCOSUR. The purpose of this article is to analyze Brazil’s strategic behavior towards Uruguay and Paraguay. The article proves that the slowdown in the pace of deepening integration in MERCOSUR is directly proportional to the decrease of the importance of Uruguay and Paraguay in Brazil’s foreign policy strategy. The author of the article focuses on the evolution of Brazil’s strategic behavior towards Uruguay and Paraguay: it underwent a transformation from a policy of pressure in the 1990s to Brazil’s mediation in regional confl icts in the 2000s. In the late 2000s, as President Lula da Silva’s plans to deepen political integration in MERCOSUR showed their ineff ectiveness due to the country’s mounting asymmetries with Uruguay and Paraguay, integration into MERCOSUR gradually began to play a secondary role in Brazil’s foreign policy strategy. During the presidencies of Rousseff and Temer, this trend only intensified, reaching its peak after President Bolsonaro came to power. The fi rst part of the article presents theoretical aspects of Brazil’s strategic behavior in relation to small member countries of the association. The second part of the article will analyze specific examples of changes in Brazil’s foreign policy strategy towards Uruguay and Paraguay. Finally, the conclusion outlines the full evolution of Brazil’s strategy towards the small MERCOSUR countries from the 1990s to 2022, and will also focus on the current situation in the association.
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Amorim, Celso. "Brazilian foreign policy under President Lula (2003-2010): an overview". Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional 53, spe (dezembro de 2010): 214–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-73292010000300013.
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Foreign Minister of Brazil since 2003, Ambassador Celso Amorim outlines the main guidelines and accomplishments of Brazil's foreign policy under President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. The article provides a full-fledged, although not exhaustive, narrative of a number of diplomatic initiatives championed by Brazil over the last eight years: from the gathering of the group of developing countries in a World Trade Organization (WTO) meeting in Cancun to the negotiations that led to the Declaration of Tehran, as well as the challenges the country has been facing as its international weight grows.
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Kumar, Ameet, Muhammad Ramzan Kalhoro, Rakesh Kumar, Niaz Hussain Ghumro, Sarfraz Ahmed Dakhan e Vikesh Kumar. "Decomposing the Effect of Domestic and Foreign Economic Policy Uncertainty Shocks on Real and Financial Sectors: Evidence from BRIC Countries". Journal of Risk and Financial Management 13, n.º 12 (9 de dezembro de 2020): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13120315.
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This study examines the impact of domestic and foreign shocks on the real and financial sector of BRIC countries. For this purpose, we use a structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model over the extended period of 1997 to 2016. We conclude that domestic policy shocks have a more substantial impact on Brazilian, Indian, and Russian economy than foreign shocks, while foreign shocks have more contribution in the case of China. Interestingly, results show the negative impact of policy shocks on bank credit provided, implying its role in multiplying the impact of shocks on real variables. Surprisingly EPU of USA has a positive impact on stock markets of India and China, implying capital flight phenomenon, where investor transfer investment from risky to safer places.
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De Farias, Joedson Jales, e Álvaro Barrantes Hidalgo. "Interstate and international trade of brazilian regions: an analysis using the gravity model". Revista Econômica do Nordeste 43, n.º 2 (17 de novembro de 2016): 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.61673/ren.2012.220.
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This paper analyzes the interstate and international trade of Brazilian regions in the period following trade liberalization. To carry out the analysis, the paper uses the gravity model methodology. The estimated trade models show that the border effect is still very significant for the foreign trade in Brazilian regions despite the process of economic openness that took place in the 1990s. The results show that the factors of resistance to the expansion of foreign trade still persist. Using a gravity model which considers the Brazilian states and the countries of the Southern Common Market (Mercosul) as a single market shows that then creation of this block increased trade in the region at the expense of other trading partners.
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Marques, Joseph, e Anthony Spanakos. "South-South relations and the English School of International Relations: Chinese and Brazilian ideas and involvement in Sub-Saharan Africa". Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional 57, spe (2014): 138–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7329201400209.
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The rise of large developing countries has led to considerable discussions of re-balancing global relations and giving greater priority to understanding South-South relations. This paper, in exploring the central ideas of Chinese and Brazilian foreign policy and the behavior of these two rising Southern countries toward Sub-Saharan Africa, argues that the English School of International Relations is well suited to understanding the intentions and actions that characterize South-South relations.
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Costa Filho, José. ""Ideological Repertoires of the Brazilian Foreign Policy toward Africa across three presidential administrations (1995-2016): from realism to south-south solidarity, and back "". Caderno de Política Exterior 4, n.º 7 (30 de agosto de 2018): 79–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.61623/cpe.v4n7.a05.
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The article aims to identify the ideological repertoires mobilized by different presidential administrations in the context of the Brazilian foreign policy toward Africa from 1995 to 2016. The analysis of primary and secondary sources showed that Brazilian foreign policy toward Africa followed a general trend of ideological continuity. Brazilian foreign policy makers’ representations of Brazil – anchored on race, geography and material capabilities – and of Africa – framed through the lenses of solidarity, sentimentalism and pragmatism – changed only marginally. In addition, there was a consensus across administrations that “Africa cannot be ignored”. Change was mainly observed in the argumentative framework mobilized by the Lula da Silva administration (2003-2010). The Rousseff administration (2011-2016) enacted argument chains closer to those employed by the Cardoso administration (1995-2002). Both focused on a realist and creative approach to Africa and on the South Atlantic as a privileged area of cooperation. The Lula da Silva administration, in its turn, innovated by arguing that Brazil’s relations with African countries should be based on South-South solidarity, rather than caution and creativity, and by catapulting Africa as a whole to the top of Brazilian foreign policy agenda. According to the documents analyzed, these argumentative changes were mainly president-driven.
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Ramadhan Sasongkojati, R. Moh Hiu Dilangit, e Nur Iman Subono. "Strategic Culture, South-South Cooperation, and Soft Power Politics: Explaining Brazilian Foreign Aid". Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik 27, n.º 2 (27 de dezembro de 2023): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsp.81267.
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What drives Brazil to provide foreign aid to other developing countries? Historically part of the Global South, its active foreign policy strives to become a global power. While research has highlighted Brazil’s foreign policy objectives in providing aid, such as expanding its diplomatic reputation and exporting its development experience abroad, little has been done to note the strategic properties that motivate the development assistance initiatives. Additionally, the emphasis on South-South Cooperation in Brazil’s aid practice is relevant to the literature on the motives of emerging donors. This article assesses Brazil’s act to provide foreign aid between 2003 and 2016 using the theoretical concept of strategic culture, which refers to the nation’s historical norms and values that inform the strategic act of providing foreign aid. We use primary and secondary data that cover findings from official government sources, policy documents, and academic literature. We argue that cultural elements support the formulation of a foreign policy that seeks to expand Brazil’s influence abroad through development assistance diplomacy. Using foreign aid to counteract its material limits, the goal is to raise Brazil’s stature among developing nations and global affairs and maximize its soft power in the South-focused power structure within the post-Cold War multipolar global order.
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Cruz, José Elenilson, Gabriel da Silva Medina e João Ricardo de Oliveira Júnior. "Brazil’s Agribusiness Economic Miracle: Exploring Food Supply Chain Transformations for Promoting Win–Win Investments". Logistics 6, n.º 1 (15 de março de 2022): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/logistics6010023.
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For many developing countries, agribusiness has become one of the main economic sectors, with the capacity to mobilize domestic and foreign investments. Despite the potential for development in countries like Brazil, the results of these investments in supply chains have not yet been systematically assessed. This study analyses foreign and domestic investments as an explanation for the recent growth of Brazilian agribusiness and evaluates the implications of different investment arrangements for the future development of the sector in the country. The research was based on a literature review of 12 agribusiness supply chains in Brazil. Through a content analysis, the results reveal win–win situations with foreign and domestic investments supporting the streamlining of supply chains, mutually benefiting domestic and international groups and increasing the productivity of the entire sector. However, the results also reveal win–lose cases with chains and segments practically controlled by foreign multinationals in which local groups have practically no share. Finally, there are also cases of lose–win in which groups subsidized by the state are privileged in relation to others, compromising the sector’s growth. The current liberal business environment results in the need for a new vision of development based on win–win opportunities for domestic and foreign investments created by dynamic sectors such as agribusiness.
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Karnups, Viesturs Pauls. "Latvian-Brazilian Economic Relations 1918–1940". Humanities and Social Sciences: Latvia 29, n.º 2 (dezembro de 2021): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/hssl.29.2.02.
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This article provides an overview of Latvian-Brazilian economic relations in the interwar period. In the interwar period, economic relations between Latvia and Brazil were mainly confined to foreign trade. Latvia declared its independence in 1918, however Latvians had been emigrating to Brazil from 1890 and establishing farming colonies. By the end of the 1930s some 8000 Latvians had settled in Brazil. Latvia’s foreign trade in relation to Brazil was regulated by the 1932 Commercial Agreement. Latvia’s main imports from Brazil in the interwar period were coffee, cocoa, hides and furs, tobacco, raw rubber, and cotton, whilst Latvia’s main exports to Brazil were fish conserves, paper, and rubber goods. In general, trade and thus economic relations were of marginal significance to both countries in the interwar period due partly to some similarities in their economic structures, but mainly because of geographical distance.
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Amorim, Lucas S., e Henrique Z. Menezes. "Brazil’s New Investment Treaty Model: Why Now?" Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 22, n.º 3 (15 de dezembro de 2022): 600–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2022-22-3-600-612.
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The investment treaty regime, unlike other economic regimes, lacks common substantive multilateral rules and depends on countries signing bilateral or plurilateral investment treaties. As the regime presented a pro-developed country bias, developing countries, especially in Latin America, avoided signing investment treaties up to the 1980s. Brazil followed this trend and did not start an investment treaty program until the late 1990s. However, the treaties never entered into force. The country also avoided acceding to the World Bank agency responsible for investment arbitration proceedings - the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID). In 2015, Brazil started a new investment treaty program. However, the timing seems counterintuitive. The investment treaty regime had already been criticized, including inefficiency in attracting foreign investment, the potential to encroach on countries’ regulatory sovereignty and the lack of legitimacy of its investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) procedure. Furthermore, the favorable foreign economic scenario did not force the country to seek an inflow of foreign capital at that time. The new Cooperation and Facilitation Investment Agreement (CFIA) is presented as an investment treaty model for developing countries, since it responds to major criticisms to the investment treaty regime, and at the same time meets the demands of an important domestic interest group, the Brazilian industrial sector, for a legal framework that mitigates the political risk of its increasingly internationalized operations. Brazil’s CFIA may be viewed as a model that other developing countries could emulate in the face of the failure of the traditional paradigm of investment dispute settlement.
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Slaski, Alexander. "Policy Signaling and Foreign Electoral Uncertainty: Implications for Currency Markets". International Studies Quarterly 65, n.º 4 (7 de outubro de 2021): 1124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqab078.
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Abstract This paper examines the effects of foreign electoral shocks on currency markets. I develop a theory of signaling and uncertainty to explain why elections in countries with close economic ties should affect exchange rates. Methodologically, this paper focuses on several case studies, with the 2016 US election as a central case. I utilize an event analysis framework to measure the impact of the election on the Mexican peso by exploiting the plausible exogeneity of Donald Trump's tweets. I also measure changes in the peso using Trump's predicted chance of winning the election and show that the peso is weakest when Trump has the highest chance of winning the election. In addition, I include a series of robustness checks and analyses of other notable recent cases when electoral uncertainty affected currencies in other countries, including the 2018 Brazilian election. The results quantify the effect of foreign elections on exchange rates, building on the existing literature that focuses on how domestic elections shape currency markets. I conclude with a discussion of the external validity of the phenomenon demonstrated by the cases in the paper, charting future research on the topic and outlining ways to extend the findings.
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Avila, Myriam. "BEYOND THE WORLD REPUBLIC OF LETTERS". Ilha do Desterro A Journal of English Language, Literatures in English and Cultural Studies 71, n.º 2 (5 de junho de 2018): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2018v71n2p165.
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This paper draws on a research focused on Brazilian literary life in the first half of the 20th century. Taking up the idea that Brazilian culture and Brazilian literature must be approached as a language in itself, it aims to contribute to throw light upon the crucial decades in which Europe’s influence as trendsetter begins to fade. A survey of letters sent from abroad by Brazilian writers to their colleagues in that period will show how displacement influenced their views on literature and life and the depth of their dependence on keeping up dialogue with home-staying literary friends. Most of Brazilian authors living in foreign countries in the 40s and 50s of last century displayed in their letters the need to remain in touch with their national literature, whereas searching to establish contact with writers from the countries they were residing in was seldom a priority.
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Astakhov, E. "BRICS: LATINAMERICAN PROJECTION". Cuadernos Iberoamericanos, n.º 1 (28 de março de 2016): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2016-1-62-66.
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The paper analyses recent trends in foreign policy of Latin-American countries, in particular their approaches to the cooperation with BRICS. The main attention is paid to the analysis of Brazilian policy towards BRICS. Brazil is the only country which represents Latin-American continent in BRICS and has excellent possibilities to enter “the club of the Great Powers”.
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Darnton, Christopher. "Public Diplomacy and International Conflict Resolution: A Cautionary Case from Cold War South America". Foreign Policy Analysis 16, n.º 1 (14 de março de 2019): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fpa/orz003.
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AbstractCan public diplomacy help resolve protracted international conflicts? Both rationalist and constructivist traditions identify significant domestic obstacles to international peacemaking. However, Robert Putnam's concept of “reverberation” implies that diplomats can expand their adversaries’ win-sets for cooperation by engaging foreign publics. This paper analyzes a most-likely case, with archival evidence: Argentine Ambassador Oscar Camilión's unsuccessful quest for Argentine-Brazilian rapprochement in 1976–77. Although the two countries later overcame rivalry, public diplomacy contributed negligibly to this success: internal Argentine divisions created mixed messages toward Brazil, Brazilian leaders launched a competing public relations operation, and these two currents obstructed and nearly terminated Camilión's mission. This case illuminates the paradoxes of Argentine foreign policymaking under military rule and offers a cautionary tale for scholars and practitioners of public diplomacy and conflict resolution.
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Silva, Rodrigo Luiz Medeiros da. "Brazilian Subimperialism? Empirical Evidence against Ruy Mauro Marini’s Explanatory Scheme". Latin American Perspectives 49, n.º 2 (março de 2022): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x221077697.
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With the postulate of “subimperialism,” Ruy Mauro Marini proposed that Brazilian industrialization was structurally limited by scarcity of demand but its deceleration could be avoided by exporting to neighboring nonindustrialized countries. This amounted to a sort of imperialist offensive that was useful to the foreign multinationals operating in Brazil—a “ subimperialist” solution. Data on Brazil’s foreign trade and productive structure effectively contradict Marini’s perspective. Segundo seu postulado do “subimperialismo,” Ruy Mauro Marini propôs que a industrialização brasileira seria estruturalmente limitada por escassez de demanda mas sua tendência a desacelerar-se teria sido evitada pela exportação a países vizinhos não industrializados. Isso conformaria uma sorte de ofensiva imperialista, ainda que útil às multinacionais estrangeiras instaladas no Brasil—uma saída “ subimperialista.” Dados do comércio externo e da estrutura produtiva do Brasil contradizem a proposição de Marini.
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Lene Menezes, Hugo. "A presença de personagens portuguesas no romance Maurício ou os paulistas em São João del-Rei de Bernardo Guimarães". e-Letras com Vida: Revista de Estudos Globais — Humanidades, Ciências e Artes 04 (2020): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53943/elcv.0120_05.
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There is a dialogue between foreign countries and Brazilian culture. In Brazil, the verbal art is a legacy of the European colonizers. Therefore, our initial literary manifestations are seen as resonances of the metropolis. Although such dialogue decreases after a greater influence of the French culture in the nineteenth-century, Brazil and Portugal remain partners. So, in this article, we approach the presence of Portuguese characters in the novel Maurício ou os paulistas em São João del-Rei, by the Brazilian romantic author Bernardo Guimarães.
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Borzova, Alla. "The Role of the Brazilian Diplomat Oswaldo Euclidis Aragna in Strengthening Pan-American Solidarity and the Anti-Fascist Position of Latin American Countries". ISTORIYA 14, n.º 4 (126) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840025981-8.
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The article analyzes the role of the famous Brazilian diplomat, Minister of Foreign Affairs (1938—1944) O. Aranha in the choice of allies in a difficult international situation, when in Brazil, as in other countries of Latin America, was growing rivalry between the imperialist American power and the rising Germany. Having shown the main activities of O. Aranha in the position of Ambassador of Brazil to the United States, then Chancellor, to revive the “privileged relations” with Washington, the author notes that the strengthening of the alliance with the United States has exceeded the stage of “equidistance” and “pragmatic balance” of president J. Vargas. The turn in foreign policy leads to an aggravation of relations with Germany, the intensification of Brazil’s actions to consolidate pan-American unity and the transition of countries from a policy of neutrality to a break in diplomatic relations with the Axis countries. The use of the source base (speeches by O. Aranha, declarations of consultative conferences), and scientific literature made it possible to show how Brazil, in the person of O. Aranha, resisted the spread of Nazism and contributed to the development of Pan-Americanism.
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Saraiva, José Flávio Sombra. "The new Africa and Brazil in the Lula era: the rebirth of Brazilian Atlantic Policy". Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional 53, spe (dezembro de 2010): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-73292010000300010.
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In the post-Cold War world, Africa has been an important focus of Brazilian foreign policy. Having a significant historical weight in building our nation, African countries are also part of the moves adopted by Brazil's foreign policy. The main purpose of the present text is to show this relevant regional dimension regarding Brazil's international insertion during the Lula era. The work is divided in two parts: the first part approaches Africa's international insertion throughout recent years and the second analyses the dimension occupied by African affairs in Brazil during the Lula era. The main argument is that the new role played by Africa in the international scene coincides with a global Brazil
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Chekova, J. M. "The reform of the UN Security Council as one of the priorities of the activity of Brazil at the international level". Cuadernos Iberoamericanos, n.º 3 (28 de setembro de 2015): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2015-3-98-109.
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The article deals with the issue of the UN Security Council reform. The author considers the currently existing expansion initiatives, as well as the positions of the five permanent members and the main countries interested in launching the process. The UN Security Council reform is analyzed as one of the priorities of Brazilian foreign policy, so special emphasis is laid on the role of the Latin American giant in this process. The author examines the Brazilian strategy aimed at obtaining a permanent seat in the UN Security Council.
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Galinari, Tiago Nogueira. "A “Guinada à direita” e a nova política externa brasileira". Caderno de Geografia 29, n.º 2 (29 de agosto de 2019): 190–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.2318-2962.2019v29n2p190-211.
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O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como a política externa brasileira vem se transformando desde a “guinada à direita” do seu governo. Apesar de a direita ter retornado ao Palácio do Planalto em 2016, após o impeachment da presidente Dilma Rousseff, a “guinada à direita” da política externa brasileira se aprofundou ainda mais com a vitória de Jair Bolsonaro na corrida presidencial e, sobretudo, depois de sua posse. O contraste entre a política externa petista e a bolsonarista é enorme. Com base em informações largamente noticiadas pela imprensa, este texto identificou alguns rumos da política externa bolsonarista e discutiu como elas redefinem (e/ou redefinirão) o papel do Brasil, especialmente no que se refere à integração regional, ao arco de alianças, ao multilateralismo e aos seus esforços para se consolidar como uma liderança entre os países do Sul.Palavras-chave: bolsonarismo; diplomacia brasileira; guinada à direita; política externa.AbstractThe aim of this article is to analyse how the Brazilian foreign policy has been transformed since the "right turn" of the Brazilian government. Although the right returned to the “Palácio do Planalto” in 2016, after the impeachment of the President Dilma Rousseff, the "right turn" of Brazilian foreign policy intensified even more after the victory of Jair Bolsonaro in the presidential race and mainly after his inauguration. The contrast between PT's and bolsonarist's foreign policy is enormous. Based on information widely reported by the press, this text identified some directions of the bolsonarist’s foreign policy and discussed how they redefine (or are going to redefine) the role of Brazil, primarily referring to the regional integration, the alliances, the multilateralism and the efforts to consolidate itself as the leader among the countries of the South.Keywords: Bolsonarism, Brazilian diplomacy, right turn, foreign policy.
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Souza, J. N. C., J. W. M. Diniz, F. A. O. Silva e N. D. R. Almeida. "Economic overview of ornamental flowers and plants in Brazil". Scientific Electronic Archives 13, n.º 5 (29 de abril de 2020): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.36560/1352020943.
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This work aims to study the panorama of the floriculture and ornamental plants sector in Brazil, highlighting the main aspects related to area, production and distribution in the national scenario and consumption, the material used to obtain the data regarding the research carried out, was extracted from sources of research. Floriculture was an activity that was restricted only in the Southeast, more specifically in the State of São Paulo. Currently, due to the work of several institutions, this sector can be expanded to other regions of the country. Floriculture has great socioeconomic potential, generating jobs mainly for small producers. Although floriculture has great potential for expansion, it still has great difficulties due to the lack of habit of Brazilians in consuming flowers. The results showed that the domestic market generates a considerable source of income for the population in general, the ease of access of these products, makes the consumption of flowers in the country have gained more and more space, although it is very low in relation to other countries. Brazil has resulted in annual growth of 6.26% in recent years, moving around US $ 750 million per year, with a per capita consumption of US $ 4.70 and has 18,000 sales points throughout the country. The foreign market, however, has a remarkable growth, however, it needs to conquer much more space with other South American countries, corresponding to only 0.22% of the world market. Brazil exports to 40 destinations, with Holland being the largest buyer, followed by the United States. In 2011, Brazil exported US $ 20,699,521, 40.33% of which was related to ornamental plants, 48.37% for bulbs, rhizomes and similar, 3.67% fresh flowers and 7.63% of other products. It is concluded that there is a need to formulate strategies to manage in a way that the productive and commercial sectors grow in order to strengthen the market.
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De Abreu Campanário, Milton, Marcello Muniz da Silva, Milton De Freitas Chagas Junior e Leonel Cesarino Pessoa. "FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: DIAGNOSIS AND PROPOSALS FOR A PUBLIC POLICY AGENDA FOR BRAZIL". Internext 6, n.º 1 (31 de janeiro de 2012): 125–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18568/1980-4865.61125-158.
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The research analyses the viability to adopt policies to enhance Brazilian Foreign Direct Investment FDI. Based on statistical data and on literature review, the policy agenda frames the underling questions surrounding FDI. There is not yet a theoretical framework to deal with emergent countries economic outward FDI. There exist strong evidences that capital flows through FDI generate externalities in the following domains: macroeconomic, international trade, and microeconomic (in themes closed related to industrial organization and innovation). The theoretical proposition has its grounds in the conception that international capital flows are absolutely compatible in the following contexts: monetary, commercial, industrial organization and innovation policies. A better positioning of national enterprises internationally may result in growing partnership within the foreign environment. Brazil has not yet a set of policies to deal with inward and outward Brazilian FDI flows, without necessarily jeopardizing macroeconomic policy and the related monetary and currency stabilization goals. Summing up, it is contended that FDI stimulus by means of public policies may contribute not just to a better competitiveness and innovation of Brazilian enterprises but also to assure balanced growing and economic structural change.
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DE ANDRADE, ANA M. RIBEIRO, e R. P. A. MUNIZ. "The quest for the Brazilian synchrocyclotron". Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences 36, n.º 2 (1 de março de 2006): 311–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsps.2006.36.2.311.
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ABSTRACT Early efforts to bring particle accelerators into Brazil exemplify the interactions between advanced scientific countries and the periphery in the years 1948––1956 and between the history of science and the history of foreign affairs. The physicists Cesar Lattes, Ernest Lawrence, Herbert Anderson, Isidor Rabi, and Rear Admiral ÁÁlvaro Alberto played central roles in these efforts. The story brings out the role of the military and scientists acting within the Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fíísicas and the Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas to promote nuclear physics research aimed at the development of nuclear technology in Brazil. The decision-making process involved science, politics, secret agreements, and international affairs.
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Gonçalves, Fernanda Cristina Nanci Izidro. "Articulações e tensões: política externa e política de defesa no Brasil e na Colômbia | Articulations and tensions: foreign policy and defense policy in Brazil and Colombia". Mural Internacional 8, n.º 1 (1 de junho de 2018): 76–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/rmi.2017.32483.
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Considerando Brasil e Colômbia, países que possuem os maiores efetivos de Forças Armadas e os maiores gastos no setor em números absolutos na América do Sul, observa-se uma preponderância da agenda da política externa sobre a política de defesa no caso brasileiro, enquanto o inverso ocorre no caso colombiano. Este artigo objetiva analisar a articulação da política externa e de defesa nestes países, compreendendo qual o papel das Forças Armadas na formulação da política externa nos governos Lula da Silva (2003-2010) e Dilma Rousseff (2011-2015) e Álvaro Uribe (2002-2010) e Juan Manuel Santos (2010-2016).ABSTRACTConsidering Brazil and Colombia, countries that have the largest numbers of Armed Forces personnel and the largest expenditures in the sector (in absolute numbers) in South America, is observed a preponderance of the foreign policy agenda on defense policy in the Brazilian case, while the opposite occurs in the Colombian. This article aims to analyze the articulation of foreign and defense policy in these countries, understanding the role of the Armed Forces in the formulation of foreign policy in the governments of Lula da Silva (2003-2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011-2015) and Álvaro Uribe (2002) -2010) and Juan Manuel Santos (2010-2016).Palavras-chave: Política Externa, Política de Defesa, Forças Armadas.Keywords: Foreign Policy, Defense Policy, Armed Forces.Recebido em 27 de Janeiro de 2018 | Received on January 27, 2018Aceito em 14 de Abril de 2018 | Accepted on April 14, 2018
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Nikitina, Larisa. "Do country stereotypes influence language learning motivation? A study among foreign language learners in Malaysia". Moderna Språk 113, n.º 1 (6 de julho de 2019): 58–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v113i1.7624.
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It has been acknowledged in research literature that stereotypes about a target language country held by language learners influence the students’ motivation to learn a foreign language (L2 motivation). However, there is a lack of studies that link explorations of these stereotypes and L2 motivation in a single research project. This mixed-methods study addressed this gap in research literature. It examined relationships between endogenous stereotypes about target language countries and L2 motivation using a sample of 194 students learning foreign languages in a major public university in Malaysia. These languages included French, German, Italian, Portuguese (European and Brazilian varieties), Russian and Spanish. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey. One open-ended question sought the students’ mental images of the target language countries; two thermometer-type scales assessed the students’ general attitudes toward the target language countries and people and 16 closed-ended statements with attached Likert-type scales assessed their L2 motivation. The findings from the qualitative strand of the analysis revealed that the respondents had distinct and predominantly positive images of each of the target language countries. This allowed making a tentative proposition that the country stereotypes would have a positive relationship with the students’ L2 motivation, especially the integrative orientation. Results of the statistical analyses in the quantitative phase indicated that the relationship between the country stereotypes and L2 motivation was the strongest in the case of the integrative orientation. The article concludes with a brief discussion of implications that can be drawn from this study.
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Feijo, Carmem, Marcos Tostes Lamônica e Serigiano Silva Lima. "Financial liberalization and structural change: the Brazilian case in the 2000s". Economia e Sociedade 28, n.º 1 (abril de 2019): 177–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-3533.2019v28n1art09.
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Abstract This paper discusses the relationship between financial integration and structural change based on a Minsky-Kregel approach. The motivation for this investigation derives from the fact that the opening of the Brazilian economy in the 1990s did not generate a structural change capable of increasing the weight of higher-technological sectors in the manufacturing industry. In theoretical terms we assume that financial liberalization in developing countries induces the loss in importance of the industrial sector in the productive structure, leading to an early deindustrialization process. In addition, it increases the external fragility and reduces the scope for developing countries to implement long-term economic policies to increase their potential output. In our econometric exercise applied to the Brazilian economy in the 2000s it was observed that financial integration and dependence on foreign savings, captured by an international liquidity proxy and dummy variables to incorporate the external financial instability in the period studied, reduced the share of Brazilian industry in GDP.
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Teixeira, Eduardo Kunzel, Mirian Oliveira e Carla Curado. "Linking knowledge management processes to innovation". Management Research Review 43, n.º 3 (5 de outubro de 2019): 332–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-10-2018-0391.
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Purpose This paper aims to analyse the relationship between knowledge management processes and innovation (KM-IN) in Brazilian and Portuguese companies. Design/methodology/approach The tests were performed using a sequential mixed-method approach. Quantitative analysis was conducted using 341 observations from Brazilian and Portuguese companies and partial least squares techniques. Qualitative analysis was conducted using ten interviews and content analysis techniques. Findings Results showed differences between Brazilian and Portuguese companies with respect to the relationship between knowledge sharing process and innovation. Portuguese companies cope with the geographical dispersal of operations and the lack of interpersonal skills by introducing formal knowledge sharing processes. Practical implications Findings demonstrate that the transfer of knowledge processes to foreign countries may demand adjustments according to cultural traits. Specifically, the findings will be of interest to firms intending to expand their activities between Brazil and Portugal. Originality/value Although researchers have investigated the influence of the national context in many countries, country comparisons are still scarce.
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Santoro Rocha, Mauricio. "India´'s Place in the Foreign Policy of Brazil: the multilateral nexus". Brazilian Journal of International Relations 8, n.º 3 (1 de janeiro de 2020): 488–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36311/2237-7743.2019.v8n3.04.p488.
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Cooperation between Brazil and India in multilateral organizations goes back to the 1960s, with common positions in several United Nations´ agencies and in the GATT. In the current period, post-Cold War, it has been the strongest characteristic of the relation among both countries, with partnerships in many global fora, such as BRICS, G4, G20, BASIC, and IBSA, with common goals of reforming the international system in order to attend the demands of emerging nations. This affinity – the multilateral nexus - creates possibilities for Brazilian foreign policy regarding an Asia on the rise, including the opportunity for some balancing for the growing influence of China.
Recebido em: janeiro/2019.
Aprovado em: dezembro/2019.
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Shcherbakova, Anna D. "BRAZIL’S REGIONAL LEADERSHIP IN THE EARLY 21ST CENTURY". RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Political Sciences. History. International Relations, n.º 4 (2022): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6339-2022-4-49-59.
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The article deals with policy aimed to strengthen the country’s role in South America of the Brazilian governments of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Jair Bolsonaro in the first two decades of the 21st century. The Brazil’s desire to become a part of the global community based on leadership in South America was articulated at the beginning of the 20th century by then Minister of Foreign Affairs Baron de Rio-Branco. Since then it has become a key issue of Brazilian foreign policy. It was shown in the article that Lula’s strategy for playing a more prominent role in regional affairs was especially successful in the areas of subregional integration and creation of new formats of multilateral cooperation. In context of significant changes of the regional context because of electoral results and impact of external factors such as the Covid-19 pandemic the current Brazilian government had to review of its approach to the state positioning within the region. This change has already affected Brazil’s relations with other South American countries and effectiveness of its regional leadership.
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Спектор, Станислав. "Competition in the Brazilian automotive market in 2011—2021". Latinskaia Amerika, n.º 7 (2022): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044748x0019795-3.
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The article provides an analysis of the development of the Brazilian automotive market in the competitive environment in 2011—2021. The SV matrix is used as an analytical tool that allows to track changes in different industries of the economy. The results of the study showed that the Brazilian car market, along with the country's economy, has gone through significant changes in 10 years. In the second half of the 2010s, the market was finally formed, the dominant group of companies expanded, and its high concentration was achieved. Competition in the Brazilian car market today can be characterized as the "Big Seven": 7 equally large companies control almost the entire market. The automotive market in Brazil is similar to the Russian car market: in both countries there is a high presence of multinational manufacturers, foreign cars are the most popular among the population. The dynamics of the economy in general and the automotive markets in particular are similar, both countries entered the stage of recession and high inflation in 2015. Therefore, the Brazilian experience in supporting the automotive market is valuable for Russia and makes it possible to formulate recommendations for the development of the automotive market in developing countries.
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Khoteeva, Margarita, e Daria Khoteeva. "CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES: THE THEORY BEHIND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND ITS PRACTICAL APPLICATION IN THE BRICS COUNTRIES –ANALYSIS OF THE BRAZIL EXAMPLE". International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, n.º 8 (21 de março de 2020): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i8.2018.278.
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This article examines the role of corporate governance regulations in the emerging market economies giving a critical analysis of the example of a BRICs country - Brazil. The article presents a study of the theoretical aspects of corporate governance regulations, how they work and what effect they have on the economy of a developing country. The study is motivated by the question how corporate governance can benefit foreign investment into an emerging market country. The findings of the study are illustrated by the Brazilian example of how the corporate governance regulations were introduced into company practice in the country and what effect they had on the economic situation. This analysed example shows what problems were identified in the process and various ways to overcome them to provide more confidence to the foreign capital investment into the country.
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Kannebley Júnior, Sérgio, Diogo de Prince e Rodrigo Baggi Prieto Alvarez. "State export financial support of brazilian manufactured products : a microeconometric analysis". Planejamento e Políticas Públicas (PPP): n. 59, jul./set. 2021 59 (11 de agosto de 2022): 49–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.38116/ppp59art2.
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We investigate the impact of Brazilian state financing to exports – Proex, Exim and Drawback – on the performance of firms in foreign trade between 1998 and 2007. We focus on the i) risk of abandonment of export activity; ii) number of destinations; and iii) export value. Through a quasiexperiment with a unique dataset of Brazilian firms entering foreign markets, we find a positive relationship between export programs and the intensive and extensive export margins, as well as with persistence in international trade, although not all three programs are effective. Supported firms had their chance to keep exporting augmented between 4% and 13%, increasing their number of destinations by up to 43% and the export value between 74% and 90%. The results suggest that financial constraints may limit the export potential of firms and highlight the importance of the government’s export promotion policies, mainly in developing countries which systematically suffer from credit market failures.
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Chirkin, Sergey Alekseevich. "Russia — Brazil: approval of the strategic partnership". Russian Economic Journal, n.º 4 (4 de outubro de 2021): 94–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2021-4-94-110.
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The article examines the state and prospects for the development of trade and economic cooperation between Russia and Brazil. The investment component of bilateral economic relations and military-technical cooperation are considered. Quantitative indicators on the volumes and dynamics of bilateral foreign trade turnover, the structure of trade operations are given. The emphasis is placed on the strategic partnership and technological alliance of the two countries declared at the interstate level. The reasons hindering the development of bilateral cooperation are analyzed. The areas where cooperation would contribute to the creation of technological alliances are highlighted. The peculiarities of Brazil`s foreign trade policy are studied, including in relation to Russian products imported by the country. In comparative terms, the main economic indicators of the two countries are given. In conclusion, the views aimed at strengthening and expanding Russian-Brazilian economic relations are expressed. The relevance of the topic is due to the approved in 2018 the national project «International cooperation and Export», aimed at increasing Russian non-primary non-energy exports.
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Marson, Ana Carolina. "The press and Brazilian Foreign Policy: Brazil’s participation at the 1962 Punta del Este Conference". Brazilian Journal of International Relations 9, n.º 2 (7 de setembro de 2020): 348–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36311/2237-7743.2020.v9n2.p348-373.
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This paper seeks to comprehend how a portion of the Brazilian public opinion, specifically the press, understood Brazil’s participation in the Eighth Meeting of Consultation of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, held in Punta del Este, Uruguay, in January 1962 – the Punta del Este Conference. This was a decisive meeting since it culminated in the expulsion of Cuba from the Organization of American States (OAS), because of the pressure exerted by the United States. Brazil distinguished itself for leading a group of countries against Cuba’s expulsion, based on the principle of self-determination and non-intervention. Although some authors believe the Punta del Este Conference to be the first event to massively mobilize the Brazilian public opinion around a foreign policy issue, they are not clear about what they understand as the concept of public opinion or how it positioned itself about Brazil’s participation in the Conference. Thus, this paper focuses on the coverage of three newspapers of national circulation (Jornal do Brasil, O Estado de São Paulo and Última Hora) between November 1961 and March 1962 to understand, through a content analysis method, how the press evaluated Brazil’s participation in the Punta del Este Conference. The results point to a bigger support of the Brazilian position and the Independent Foreign Policy.
Recebido em: Agosto/2019.
Aprovado em: julho/2020.
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Matthews, Robert B., e Eric Steglich. "A Tale Of Two Countries: What The United States Can Learn From Brazil About Reducing Dependence On Foreign Oil". International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 10, n.º 8 (28 de julho de 2011): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v10i8.5379.
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Dependence on foreign oil by the United States of America creates massive problems from the economic, environmental, and national security perspectives. In recognition of this reality, the USA embarked upon an energy independence plan in the mid-1970s, following the Arab oil embargo that accompanied the 1973 Yom Kippur War. Unfortunately, this effort has failed to the extent that the USA is more dependent upon foreign oil today than it was in 1976. At about the same time that the USA initiated its energy effort, a similar effort was also initiated in the South American nation of Brazil, which like the USA was alarmingly dependent upon foreign oil and had sustained substantial economic hardship as a result of the Arab embargo. Today, Brazil is substantially energy independent, and in fact exports oil to the USA. Obviously, Brazil implemented a more effective energy independence effort than did the USA. Lessons which the author believes may be learned from the Brazilian experience are that solving the problem requires that all possible solutions be pursued simultaneously with maximum vigor, that maximum use should be made of existing usable technology rather than waiting for laboratory-scale technologies to be perfected, and that solutions will be reached much faster if the private sector is actively engaged in a cooperative rather than adversarial manner. With these principles in mind, we review available alternatives and propose a comprehensive energy strategy that reduces the USAs dependence on foreign oil in the short run, and ultimately eliminates that dependence in the long run. We further enunciate reasons for believing that such an integrated strategy is far superior to any effort to address the problem by focusing solely upon conservation, or alternative fuels, or drill here, drill now, to the exclusion or minimization of the other approaches. We conclude with a proposed plan for implementing the all hands on deck approach to energy independence.
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Astakhov, Evgeny. "Prospects of BRICS in the framework of Brazilian summit". Diplomatic Service, n.º 1 (1 de fevereiro de 2020): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-01-2001-01.
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BRICS is one of the alternative projects of multipolar world building. BRICS was created as community of the most powerful developing countries seeking to reform the world order. What is unique about this bloc is the fact that it includes counties with various social-economic models and cultural-civilizational characteristics. BRICS is primarily a dialogue platform for discussing major international issues. At the same time the foreign policy of BRICS is based on the solid basis of economic and military-political potential of the member states. BRICS offers new ways of reforming the system of international regulation.
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Ribke, Nahuel. "Media imperialism beyond the Anglo-Saxon axis, or negotiated hybridity? Neo-Orientalist telenovelas and transnational business in Brazilian television". Journal of Consumer Culture 17, n.º 3 (25 de agosto de 2015): 562–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469540515602303.
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Since the beginning of the millennium, several Brazilian telenovelas have been partially produced abroad, incorporating in their storylines protagonists from different ethnic and religious backgrounds, exotic customs, foreign jargon, and attractive tourist locations in Middle Eastern and south-east Asian countries. This article aims to contribute to the debate regarding the asymmetries in media contents flow from “central” to “developing” countries, through analyzing the production of Brazilian “transnational” telenovelas broadcasted during 2001–2012. Rejecting the media imperialism thesis as formulated in the 1960s and 1970s, as well as the more optimistic approaches pointing to the erosion of persistent asymmetries in the production and reception of television contents, this study examines the economic, cultural, and political forces driving the production and consumption of television contents outside the Anglo-Saxon axis, pointing to the cooperation, conflicts, and negotiations between television producers, national audiences, international publics, and private actors.
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Lima, Raphael Camargo. "A cooperação Sul-Sul na política externa dos governos Lula da Silva: da margem ao centro da agenda/South-South cooperation in Brazilian foreign policy during Lula da Silva's administration: from margin to center of the agend". Brazilian Journal of International Relations 4, n.º 2 (3 de setembro de 2015): 356–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.36311/2237-7743.2015.v4n2.09.p356.
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Resumo: Entre os anos 1930 e 1990, a política externa brasileira esteve orientada por uma ação diplomática que proporcionasse ganhos para o desenvolvimento econômico. A partir dos anos 1960, essa tônica motivou a diplomacia brasileira a aproximar-se de outros países periféricos para realizar esse projeto nacional. No mesmo período, países em desenvolvimento da Ásia, África e América Latina iniciaram coalizões e projetos conjuntos em organizações internacionais logrando o mesmo objetivo. Nesse contexto, foi criado o conceito de Cooperação Sul-Sul. Tal mecanismo foi recorrentemente utilizado pela política externa brasileira para atingir seus objetivos de desenvolvimento nacional. Contudo, a cada década, a ênfase foi adaptando-se, de acordo com as mudanças nos contextos doméstico e internacional. Nos anos 1980 e 1990, devido à crise econômica do Brasil e à adaptação neoliberal, a Cooperação Sul-Sul esteve menos presente na ação externa do país. Com o advento dos anos 2000, em especial nos dois governos de Lula da Silva (2003-2010), o mecanismo ganhou novos contornos nas formulações da política externa brasileira. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo debate o retorno da Cooperação Sul-Sul nas relações externas do Brasil e as novas características desse processo, com foco na cooperação para o desenvolvimento, coalizões e organismos internacionais.Palavras-chave: Política Externa Brasileira; Cooperação Sul-sul; Governos Lula da Silva. Abstract: Between 1930 and 1990, the Brazilian foreign policy was guided towards a diplomatic action seeking to provide gains for economic development. Since the 1960s, this concept motivated the Brazilian diplomacy to approach other peripheral countries in order to carry out this national project. At the same time, developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America have begun joint coalitions and projects in international organizations seeking to achieve the same goal. In this context, the concept of South-South cooperation was created. Such a mechanism was repeatedly used by Brazilian foreign policy to achieve their national development objectives. However, on every decade, its emphasis was adapted according to the changes in domestic and international contexts. In the 1980s and 1990s, due to the economic crisis in Brazil and the neoliberal adjustment, South-South Cooperation was less present on the country’s external action. During 2000s, especially Lula's administration (2003-2010), this mechanism has gained new dimensions in Brazilian foreign policy formulation. Hence, this article discusses the return of South-South Cooperation on Brazil’s external action and the new features of this process, focusing on development cooperation, coalitions and international organizations.Keywords: Brazilian Foreign Policy; South-South Cooperation; Lula da Silva’s administration.DOI: 10.20424/2237-7743/bjir.v4n2p356-383
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Pereira, Rafael Morais, Felipe Mendes Borini e Moacir de Miranda Oliveira Jr. "Interorganizational cooperation and process innovation". Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 31, n.º 2 (27 de agosto de 2019): 260–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-12-2018-0430.
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Purpose In this paper, the authors investigate whether the location of interorganizational partners affects the outcomes of process innovation. Herein, the term partner location refers to multiple degrees of proximity or distance, including in the same national province or state, in other national provinces or states, in the same country and in foreign countries. The purpose of this paper is to show that partner location, whether domestic or foreign, depends on which partner an organization needs in order to advance its process innovation. Design/methodology/approach To test the hypotheses, the authors employed a panel data regression model to analyze data from 28 Brazilian business sectors from 2003 to 2014, all collected for PINTEC: The Brazilian Survey of Technological Innovation, representing a total of 107,854 companies. Findings The results show that cooperation is significant with both national and foreign partners, even though they bear different effects on the various degrees of innovativeness related to process innovation. Practical implications For managerial practice, the results corroborate that the choice of partners has to be strategic and take their location into account. In particular, practices at the domestic level with suppliers and vocational training centers are relevant to increasing innovation at the micro level. At the same time, for higher levels of innovation, managers should prioritize, within the limitations of existing resources, cooperation with universities, competitors and suppliers from abroad, especially in developed countries. Originality/value The main academic contribution of the study is the highlighting partner location (i.e. proximate or distant) as relevant to results of process innovation. Nevertheless, the authors determined that this process is heterogeneous, given the function of each partner and taking the different degrees of innovativeness into account.
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Chagas de Assis, Caroline. "The BRICS in Southern Africa". Journal of BRICS Studies 2, n.º 2 (20 de fevereiro de 2024): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/g4z60q76.
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The BRICS were created at the beginning of the 21st century to reorganize the international world order to represent their weight in international politics, economics, and geopolitics. Although they are entirely different, the BRICS saw a strategic space to reach these goals in the African continent. Thus, these countries started to broaden their presence in the African continent. As a result, BRICs started their relations with Africa differently, but they acted in similar sectors. The fellow paper pursues to analyze the Brazilian, Russian, Indian and Chinese (called here as BRICs) insertion in Southern Africa, highlighting the main convergence sectors and divergences between them. The methodology will be based on historical analyses, connecting their historical insertion in Southern Africa in a broad perspective of foreign policy objectives in the 21 st century. In the first session, we will approach the economic presence of BRIC in Southern Africa in 21 st century. Latter, we will abstract each one's foreign policy for the region (highlighting the main economic sectors and diplomatic presence).
Moreover, it will be possible to compare their presences, highlighting the convergence and divergence between them. The Chinese and Indian weight in Africa's economy is more perceptive than Brazilian's and Russian's. Nonetheless, all BRICs have been widening their trade and diplomatic relations with Southern Africa in the 21st century due to their perspective of the importance of Africa in international world politics.
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Oliveira, Maria Clara. "Fonseca, Carmen & Pinheiro, Leticia. 2022. Portugal-Brasil. Encontros e desencontros. Lisboa: Fundação Francisco Manuel dos Santos. 112p. ISBN: 9789899118553". Mural Internacional 14 (10 de maio de 2023): e72296. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/rmi.2023.72296.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
O livro analisa as relações luso-brasileiras, discutindo criticamente se as narrativas que são conta de uma ligação especial entre os dois países contribuem para informar as políticas que adotam um relativamente ao outro. O livro mostra que apesar da relevância do discurso que salienta as proximidades entre os dois países, este não é suficiente para garantir um lugar de destaque nas respetivas políticas exteriores. Argumenta-se ainda que as relações estabelecidas variam ao longo do tempo, havendo momentos de aproximação e outros de maior distanciamento.Palavras-chave: Política Exterior; Portugal; Brasil.ABSTRACTThe book analyzes Luso-Brazilian relations, critically discussing whether the narratives that account for a special bond between the two countries contribute to inform the policies they adopt towards each other. The book shows that despite the relevance of the discourse that highlights the ties that bind the two countries, this is not sufficient to ensure a prominent place in their respective foreign policies. It also argues that their relation varies over time, with moments of closeness and others of greater distance.Keywords: Foreign Policy; Portugal; Brazil. Recebido em: 03 jan. 2023 | Aceito em: 10 mai. 2023.