Bibliografias temáticas / Black Hand (United States) – Fiction

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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Black Hand (United States) – Fiction"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 29 de julho de 2024

Última modificação: 31 de julho de 2024

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Black Hand (United States) – Fiction"

Toliver, S. R. "Can I Get a Witness? Speculative Fiction as Testimony and Counterstory". Journal of Literacy Research 52, n.º 4 (28 de outubro de 2020): 507–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1086296x20966362.

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Drawing on Black feminist/womanist storytelling and the three-dimensional narrative inquiry space, this article showcases how one Black girl uses speculative fiction as testimony and counterstory, calling for readers to bear witness to her experiences and inviting witnesses to respond to the negative experiences she faces as a Black girl in the United States. I argue that situating speculative fiction as counterstory creates space for Black girls to challenge dominant narratives and create new realities. Furthermore, I argue that considering speculative fiction as testimony provides another way for readers to engage in a dialogic process with Black girls, affirming their words as legitimate sources of knowledge. Witnessing Black girls’ stories is an essential component to literacy and social justice contexts that tout a humanizing approach to research. They are also vital for dismantling a system bent on the castigation and obliteration of Black girls’ pasts, presents, and futures.

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Sell, Zach. "Real Estate Questions". History of the Present 10, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2020): 46–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/21599785-8221416.

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Abstract Historians of the United States have often described slavery as guided by the chattel principle. Yet in Black Reconstruction, W. E. B. Du Bois wrote, “No matter how degraded the factory hand, he is not real estate.” This article builds upon Du Bois’s description of slavery’s real estate basis and considers real estate as central to both slavery and territorial expansion in the nineteenth-century United States. Real estate formed the basis of slaveholder family stability and also enabled the intergenerational transfer of wealth. The article also considers the continuing influence of real estate after black emancipation. Real estate enabled post-slavery black dispossession and also facilitated the continuation of the United States as a settler empire.

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Marshall, Ian. "Constructions of Race and Revolution in Ernest Hemingway’s “The Porter”". Hemingway Review 43, n.º 1 (setembro de 2023): 110–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hem.2023.a913500.

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Abstract: In this essay, Ian Marshall analyzes Ernest Hemingway’s writing methodology in his short fiction, paying particular attention to constructions of labor, landscape, and African American male identity. Marshall argues that Hemingway was incapable of imagining a black working-class revolution, or a racially unified working-class revolution in the United States. This inability shapes his characters actions, particularly George, the main African American character in “The Porter,” and contributes to our understanding of revolutionary and social class consciousness in the U.S. as presented in Hemingway’s fiction.

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McNicholl, Adeana. "The “Black Buddhism Plan”: Buddhism, Race, and Empire in the Early Twentieth Century". Religion and American Culture 31, n.º 3 (2021): 332–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rac.2021.16.

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ABSTRACTThis article traces the life of a single figure, Sufi Abdul Hamid, to bring into conversation the history of the transmission of Buddhism to the United States with the emergence of new Black religio-racial movements in the early twentieth century. It follows Hamid's activities in the 1930s to ask what Hamid's life reveals about the relationship between Buddhism and race in the United States. On the one hand, Hamid's own negotiation of his identity as a Black Orientalist illustrates the contentious process through which individuals negotiate their religio-racial identities in tension with hegemonic religio-racial frameworks. Hamid constructed a Black Orientalist identity that resignified Blackness while criticizing the racial injustice foundational to the American nation-state. His Black Orientalist identity at times resonated with global Orientalist discourses, even while being recalcitrant to the hegemonic religio-racial frameworks of white Orientalism. The subversive positioning of Hamid's Black Orientalist identity simultaneously lent itself to his racialization by others. This is illustrated through Hamid's posthumous implication in a conspiracy theory known as the “Black Buddhism Plan.” This theory drew on imaginations of a Black Pacific community formulated by both Black Americans and by government authorities who created Japanese Buddhists and new Black religio-racial movements as subjects of surveillance. The capacious nature of Hamid's religio-racial identity, on the one hand constructed and performed by Hamid himself, and on the other created in the shadow of the dominant discourses of a white racial state, demonstrates that Buddhism in the United States is always constituted by race.

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Irshad, Saira, e Madiha Naeem. "Feminine Consciousness in Imran Iqbal's Fiction Writing". Negotiations 1, n.º 3 (22 de dezembro de 2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54064/negotiations.v1i3.25.

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عمران اقبال کی افسانہ نگاری میں تانیثی شعور Imran Iqbal's name is prominent in Urdu fiction. He is from Bahawalpur but he is residing in the United States for employment. Imran Iqbal tried his hand at travelogues, fiction, novels and memoirs. He has made women and her issues the subject of his fictions. Imran Iqbal has presented a true picture of a woman who at every step faces various forms of male repressive behavior, outdated customs, husband and father-in-law atrocities, domestic violence and sexual harassment. Her fiction depicts women's psychological problems, the sexual appetites of landlords, capitalists, bureaucrats and top officials. Imran Iqbal has awakened Tanila consciousness through his pen.

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Martin, Theodore. "War-on-Crime Fiction". PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 136, n.º 2 (março de 2021): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s003081292100002x.

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AbstractThis essay tells the story of how the War on Crime helped remake American crime fiction in the 1960s and 1970s. Amid starkly racialized public anxieties about rising crime rates and urban uprisings, Lyndon B. Johnson officially launched the War on Crime in 1965. The cultural logic of Johnson's crime war infiltrated various kinds of crime writing in the ensuing decade. Tracking the crime war's influence on the police procedurals of Joseph Wambaugh; the Black radical novels of Sam Greenlee, John A. Williams, and John Edgar Wideman; and the vigilante fiction of Donald Goines and Brian Garfield, I argue that crime fiction in the War-on-Crime era emerged as a key cultural site for managing divergent political responses to a regime of social control that worked by criminalizing both race and revolt. By studying how novelists responded to the formative years of the War on Crime, we can begin to understand the complex role that literature played in alternately contesting and abetting the postwar transformation of the United States into a carceral state.

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Riddle, Travis, e Stacey Sinclair. "Racial disparities in school-based disciplinary actions are associated with county-level rates of racial bias". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, n.º 17 (2 de abril de 2019): 8255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1808307116.

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There are substantial gaps in educational outcomes between black and white students in the United States. Recently, increased attention has focused on differences in the rates at which black and white students are disciplined, finding that black students are more likely to be seen as problematic and more likely to be punished than white students are for the same offense. Although these disparities suggest that racial biases are a contributor, no previous research has shown associations with psychological measurements of bias and disciplinary outcomes. We show that county-level estimates of racial bias, as measured using data from approximately 1.6 million visitors to the Project Implicit website, are associated with racial disciplinary disparities across approximately 96,000 schools in the United States, covering around 32 million white and black students. These associations do not extend to sexuality biases, showing the specificity of the effect. These findings suggest that acknowledging that racial biases and racial disparities in education go hand-in-hand may be an important step in resolving both of these social ills.

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Moore, Jenny C., e Annette L. Wszelaki. "The Use of Biodegradable Mulches in Pepper Production in the Southeastern United States". HortScience 54, n.º 6 (junho de 2019): 1031–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13942-19.

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Plasticulture systems with polyethylene (PE) mulch and drip tape are common for production of peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) in the United States because of their soil warming, moisture conservation, and other advantageous effects. However, disadvantages include disposal costs and plastic pollution of the environment and temperature stress in warm climates with black mulch. Use of biodegradable plastic mulches (BDMs) is becoming more common, as they provide the same benefits of PE mulch without the disposal problems. In 2017 and 2018, we conducted experiments in Knoxville, TN, comparing production of pepper fruit with five different BDM [one white-on-black (WOB) and four black], one black PE mulch, one brown creped, paper mulch, and bare ground control treatments. We also measured the durability and effectiveness of weed suppression of the different mulches over the growing season compared with a hand-weeded bare ground control. Most mulches were degraded, with 40% to 60% of the soil exposed by the end of the season, with the exception of the paper mulch, which was completely degraded at the end of both seasons. Yields were similar among treatments in 2017, with the exception of Naturecycle, which had the lowest yield. Weed pressure was severe, especially in 2018, largely due to early penetration of all mulches except paper by nutsedge. Due to the early and season-long weed pressure and heat stress in black mulches, there were fewer healthy plants in all black-colored mulch treatments in 2018, leading to reduced yields in these treatments. Paper mulch was the only treatment that prevented nutsedge growth; therefore, this treatment and the hand-weeded bare ground treatment had the greatest yields in 2018. WOB also had yields comparable with paper and bare ground plots in 2018, likely due to the cooling effect of the white mulch. The results suggest that in hot climates and in fields infested with nutsedge, paper mulches perform best for midseason pepper cultivation due to the cooling effects and superior weed control.

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Manditch-Prottas, Zachary. "Never Die Alone: Donald Goines, Black Iconicity, and Série Noire". MELUS: Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States 48, n.º 4 (22 de novembro de 2023): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlad073.

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Abstract Depending on who you ask, Donald Goines is a pioneer of Black popular fiction or a purveyor of shoddy pulp. This duality is illustrative of an impasse between American intelligentsia and Goines’s folk readership. Goines wrote sixteen novels between 1971-74 that have remained in print for sixty years with sales in the millions. Yet Goines remains an understudied American author and unacknowledged in the transnational reach of his writing. This essay offers the first scholarly consideration of Donald Goines’s status as a transnational author. Specifically, I analyze Goines’s promotion and reception in America and France. I will focus on Goines’s two prime distributors: Holloway House Publishing, which debuted Goines’s novels as the premier works of its Black Experience Books imprint in the early 1970s, and Gallimard Publishing, which translated Goines’s work into French as part of its famed crime fiction imprint, Série Noire, in the 1990s and early 2000s. This transnational comparative approach draws on three archives: Holloway House’s promotional materials that endorse Goines as the unprecedented authentic authorial voice of American Blackness, an unexamined element of the Holloway House archive that promotes Goines as an internationally revered author, and the nearly unacknowledged materials of Goines’s French publisher Gallimard that situate Goines as an author of American noir. Holloway House’s shift in promotional tactics and Série Noire’s prioritization of Goines as an author of American noir has two telling implications. First, it exposes how the racially essentialist logic of Holloway House linked authorial experience and literary fiction to promote the “authentic” Black experience as tethered to criminality. Second, it situates Goines in an internationally recognized US tradition of crime fiction in a way still largely unacknowledged in the United States.

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McCall, Srimayee Basu. "“Flaming Madras handkerchiefs and calico blazing with crimson and scarlet flowers”: Antebellum World Systems in Hannah Crafts’s The Bondwoman’s Narrative". Nineteenth Century Studies 35 (novembro de 2023): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/ninecentstud.35.0033.

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Abstract Hannah Crafts’s The Bondwoman’s Narrative (ca. 1853–61) is the earliest known work of fiction written by a Black woman in the United States. Its distinctiveness lies in the internationalism through which the labor regimes of the southern plantation are shown to be intimately bound to global sites of colonial dispossession. Besides unpacking the entangled strands of British and American imperialisms, the author-narrator critically emulates conventions of the nineteenth-century transatlantic literary marketplace, evincing an understanding of both her embodied self and her intellectual labor as commodities in a world system built with racialized labor. Crafts’s novel revises the notion of chattel slavery as provincial, situating it instead within the Atlantic World’s expansive flows of capital and commodities. It presents not a geographically and socially demarcated institution but a plantation empire that goes far beyond the contours of the American South or, indeed, the continental United States, creating a remarkably nuanced conception of Black positionality, one informed not only by race but also by global capital. As part of a broader field-based inquiry, this article probes the affordances of thinking about antebellum Black Atlantic political subjectivity as positioned between two imperialist projects: British abolitionism and American plantocratic expansionism.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Black Hand (United States) – Fiction"

Chachere, Karen A. De Santis Christopher C. "Visually white, legally black miscegenation, the mulatoo, and passing in American literature and culture, 1865-1933 /". Normal, Ill. : Illinois State University, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p3128271.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2004.
Title from title page screen, viewed Jan. 10, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Christopher C. De Santis (chair), Ronald Strickland, Cynthia A. Huff, Alison Bailey. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 178-193) and abstract. Also available in print.

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Munoz, Cabrera Patricia. "Journeying: narratives of female empowerment in Gayl Jones's and Toni Morrison's ficton". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210259.

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This dissertation discusses Gayl Jones’s and Toni Morrison’s characterisation of black women’s journeying towards empowered subjectivity and agency.

Through comparative analysis of eight fictional works, I explore the writers’ idea of female freedom and emancipation, the structures of power affecting the transition from oppressed towards liberated subject positions, and the literary techniques through which the authors facilitate these seminal trajectories.

My research addresses a corpus comprised of three novels and one book-long poem by Gayl Jones, as well as four novels by Toni Morrison. These two writers emerge in the US literary scene during the 1970s, one of the decades of the second black women’s renaissance (1970s, 1980s). This period witnessed unprecedented developments in US black literature and feminist theorising. In the domain of African American letters, it witnessed the emergence of a host of black women writers such as Gayl Jones and Toni Morrison. This period also marks a turning point in the reconfiguration of African American literature, as several unknown or misplaced literary works by pioneering black women writers were discovered, shifting the chronology of African American literature.

Moreover, the second black women's renaissance marks a paradigmatic development in black feminist theorising on womanhood and subjectivity. Many black feminist scholars and activists challenged what they perceived to be the homogenising female subject conceptualised by US white middle-class feminism and the androcentricity of the subject proclaimed by the Black Aesthetic Movement. They claimed that, in focusing solely on gender and patriarchal oppression, white feminism had overlooked the salience of the race/class nexus, while focus by the Black Aesthetic Movement on racism had overlooked the salience of gender and heterosexual discrimination.

In this dissertation, I discuss the works of Gayl Jones and Toni Morrison in the context of seminal debates on the nature of the female subject and the racial and gender politics affecting the construction of empowered subjectivities in black women's fiction.

Through the metaphor of journeying towards female empowerment, I show how Gayl Jones and Toni Morrison engage in imaginative returns to the past in an attempt to relocate black women as literary subjects of primary importance. I also show how, in the works selected for discussion, a complex idea of modern female subjectivities emerges from the writers' re-examination of the oppressive material and psychological circumstances under which pioneering black women lived, the common practice of sexual exploitation with which they had to contend, and the struggle to assert the dignity of their womanhood beyond the parameters of the white-defined “ideological discourse of true womanhood” (Carby, 1987: 25).

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation langue et littérature
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Keller, Delores Ayers. "Playing on the margins: Childhood and self-making in twentieth-century ethnic United States fiction". Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/18655.

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This dissertation investigates twentieth-century African American and Chicano/a novels that privilege childhood play as a site for defining the self through or against an array of social norms and dominant ideologies. Although narratives of children at play are a neglected category in literary criticism, the playing child often functions as a central literary figure for conveying the conflicted processes of self-definition for children on society's margins. In conversation with theories of play, I argue that a range of Chicano/a and African American texts predicate adult possibilities for either resistance or capitulation to conventional expectations on what transpires during childhood play. The writers in this study respond, in part, to the ideology of the early twentieth-century playground movement and its aim of instilling a sense of civic duty in the children of European immigrants. While playgrounds may have been designed to integrate certain children into U.S. society, they also excluded other children---in particular, children viewed as racial others---through segregation. Even though the children of both Mexican Americans and African Americans were not included in the play movement's goals and have continued to be excluded throughout the twentieth century, the child characters in the novels that I examine frequently contend with unsettling issues of national identity during play. Unlike the proponents of the play movement who viewed assimilation through play as a form of progress, the writers in my project often show that play is a site where capitulation to dominant values is neither progressive nor desirable for their child characters. Chapter one investigates childhood play as a key factor in determining how Chicano masculinities will be lived in relation to women, class, ethnicity, and national identity. Chapter two examines childhood play as a stage for rehearsing gender-specific adult identities that empower Chicanos but disempower Chicanas. Chapter three foregrounds childhood play as a crucial arena for working out the tensions caused by racism and sexism in relationships between African American women and girls.

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Livros sobre o assunto "Black Hand (United States) – Fiction"

Banville, John. The black-eyed blonde. [Place of publication not identified]: Macmillan, 2015.

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Collins, Larry. Black eagles. New York, USA: Dutton, 1995.

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Collins, Larry. Black eagles. New York: Penguin, 1995.

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Kirchoff, Mary. The Black wing. Cambridge: TSR, 1993.

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Gunn, S. M. Operation Black Snow. New York: HarperCollins, 2007.

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Poyer, David. Black storm. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2002.

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Velvet. Betrayal: A black door novel. New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 2008.

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Blatchford, Chris. The Black Hand. New York: HarperCollins, 2008.

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Parrish, Leslie. Fade to black. New York: Signet, 2009.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Black Hand (United States) – Fiction"

Seed, David. "Black Humor Fiction". In A Companion to Twentieth-Century United States Fiction, 159–70. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444310108.ch13.

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Anesko, Michael. "Biographical Overview". In Letters, Fictions, Lives, 161. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195061192.003.0004.

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Anesko, Michael. "Biographical Overview". In Letters, Fictions, Lives, 322. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195061192.003.0005.

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Abstract As they reach their years of full maturity, Howells and James must readjust to a rapidly changing literary marketplace. After decades of reluctance, in 1891 the United States finally signs a copyright agreement with the United Kingdom, ending the wholesale piracy of British fiction in America that had kept many firms (including Harper Sc Brothers) in the black. The nineties also witness a proliferation of truly mass-market magazines, greatly expanding the number of outlets available for manuscripts but also imposing new restraints upon them. The “popular” format, cheaply designed for easy reading and quick consumption, requires brevity and concision–qualities that James, especially, can seldom achieve. The “five thousand word tale” becomes his editorial nemesis. To help place stories and negotiate with white-collar professionals whom he now seldom knows firsthand, James engages a literary agent. By virtue of his long connection with Harper’s (renewed after the firm’s reorganization in 1900 following bankruptcy), Howells has more privileged access to their magazines; but even he is not immune from the new competitive pressures. With the exception of The Son of Royal Langbrith (1904), none of his later novels appears as a serial in Harper periodicals. Travel articles and briefer columns of literary and social commentary form the bulk of his magazine contributions for the rest of his life.

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Clayton, Jay. "The Story of Deconstruction". In The Pleasures of Babel, 32–60. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195083729.003.0002.

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Abstract Song of Solomon (1977), Toni Morrison’s novel about a young black man growing up in the middle of the United States in the middle of the twentieth century, dwells on politics and poetics with equal fervor. The novel dramatizes some pressing contemporary problems racial — inequality, class conflict, terrorism, the oppression of women, and the division between generations; but it also explores some perennial aesthetic topics — the value of oral traditions, the magic of names, the nature of myth and ritual, the power of story and song. This fusion of contemporary politics and traditional narrative forms has created much satisfying fiction, not only in Morrison’s hands but also in those of many other contemporary writers. So perhaps I should ask how Morrison mediates between her interest in storytelling and her political concerns. What link does her novel establish between the narrative forms it celebrates and structures of social, economic, or political power?

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Millard, Kenneth. "Language and Power". In Contemporary American Fiction, 153–99. Oxford University PressOxford, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198711780.003.0006.

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Abstract Above all modern societies the United States is an immigrant society, and one in which a common language becomes an important mark of recognition and even a requisite for social membership. There are important ideological implications involved in the acquisition of a particular language, and fundamental consequences for the sense of identity that the newcomer to America must negotiate. Surrendering the native language helps to perpetuate the ethos of ‘one nation, one language’. Issues of language can be both unifying and divisive at a political level and an individual level; the national anthem, for example, is sung in English even though there are substantial com¬ munities in America where English is not the first language of the majority of the population, and there have even been recent calls for Spanish to be made the national language of the United States. On the other hand, many Americans believe that speaking English is a basic requirement of social membership and commitment to America.

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Ross, Kelly. "Speculation Fiction: Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and The Bondwoman’s Narrative". In Slavery, Surveillance, and Genre in Antebellum United States Literature, 102–26. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192856272.003.0005.

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Abstract Given the hypervisibility of the Black female body, Black women’s strategies for resisting surveillance add another dimension to the dialectic of racialized surveillance and sousveillance that this book has analyzed. The female protagonists of Harriet Jacobs’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and Hannah Crafts’s The Bondwoman’s Narrative develop a future-oriented sousveillance—carefully “spying out” information that they can turn to their advantage—but they also harness the power of surveillance to protect themselves and others. Their tactics are not simply dialectically opposed to surveillance, therefore, but rather strategically amplify the scopic methods of enslavers. In particular, Jacobs and Crafts highlight the brutal effects of slave speculation, which was fundamental to the slave economy, by explicitly figuring their resistance to enslavement as an alternative form of speculation, aimed not at seeking economic profit, but at minimizing harm to themselves and their loved ones.

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Constantinesco, Thomas. "Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Economy of Pain". In Writing Pain in the Nineteenth-Century United States, 27–58. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192855596.003.0002.

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This chapter examines Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Transcendentalist philosophy of pain and centers on its economic structure of compensation. It argues that Emerson’s philosophy, while recognizing the reality of pain, works to cancel it eventually by promising to convert present pain into future gain and spiritual ecstasy. The chapter further demonstrates how the death of Emerson’s son Waldo in 1842 and his progressive commitment to the cause of abolition presented a double challenge to this metaphysics of pain. On the one hand, it shows that the psychological shock of his son’s death laid bare the limits of his idealism, as the dream world of transcendental, pain-free joy turned into a nightmarish vision of extreme yet immaterial suffering. On the other hand, it illuminates how the representation of the pain of enslavement in Emerson’s abolitionist lectures complicated his earlier, critical engagement with the demands of sentimentality and its underlying logic of sympathetic identification, evincing the problematic uses of Black pain in the imagination of white freedom and safety. The chapter thus makes the claim that reading Emerson’s engagements with pain across his writing career helps to reveal the ethical and political difficulties attendant to his literary philosophy.

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Fass, Paula S. "“The Most Amazing Crime in the History of Chicago-and of the United States” Leopold and Loeb". In Kidnapped, 57–93. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195117097.003.0003.

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Abstract Richard Loeb and Na than Leopold plotted every detail of their planned abduction (a plot deeply informed by their knowledge of actual cases and detective fiction)—everything except the identity of the victim. This they left to chance and opportunity. Even the ransom notes, which were painstakingly cast in advance, left the name of the victim’s family deliberately blank, to be filled in only after the crime had been committed. On the day of the kidnapping, Leopold and Loeb had considered several children (all boys) who caught their attention in the school yard of the elite Harvard School in Chicago where they went in search of a victim. But only Robert (Bobby) Franks, a neighbor of Loeb’s and a distant cousin, presented just the combination of accessibility and opportunity that would pay off. It was therefore fourteen-year-old Bobby who, in the late afternoon of May 21, 1924, was lured into the Willys-Knight automobile that Leopold rented especially for the occasion.

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Johnson, Charles S. "From “These ‘Colored United States,’ VIII—Illinois: Mecca of the Migrant Mob,” The Messenger 5 (December 1923)". In Roots of the Black Chicago Renaissance, 254–56. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043055.003.0015.

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Editors’ Note: In our second literary selection—excerpts from Charles S. Johnson’s 1923 essay “Illinois: Mecca of the Migrant Mob”—the famed sociologist renders a broad-stroke account of consolidation and growth of the Black Metropolis. This essay, like many pieces of historical, sociological, and journalistic writing emanating from Chicago contributed to a literature of fact that was characteristic of early African American literary work in the city. While Johnson’s assertions about the paucity of black intellectual and cultural life are challenged throughout the current volume, equally important to note is the stylistic strategy with which he presents his analysis of “this Colored Chicago—the dream city—city of the dreadful night!” His elegant, high-keyed prose employs metaphor and other literary devices and arrays facts with novelistic selectivity and pacing. In this manner, Johnson’s essay looks ahead to a mutually beneficial interpenetration of fiction and sociological writing that would mark many of the most notable works of the Black Chicago Renaissance....

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Sell, Zach. "Real Estate Questions". In Trouble of the World, 15–25. University of North Carolina Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469661346.003.0002.

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Historians of the United States have often described slavery as guided by the chattel principle. Yet in Black Reconstruction, W. E. B. Du Bois wrote, “No matter how degraded the factory hand, he is not real estate.” This chapter builds upon Du Bois’s description of slavery’s real estate basis and considers real estate as central to both slavery and territorial expansion in the nineteenth-century United States. Real estate formed the basis of slaveholder family stability and also enabled the intergenerational transfer of wealth. The article also considers the continuing influence of real estate after black emancipation. Real estate enabled post-slavery black dispossession and also facilitated the continuation of the United States as a settler empire.

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