Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Apprentissage informel des langues"
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Oliveira, Santos Diana. "Learning Fixed Expressions in English through watching Sitcoms : the role of Intentionality". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDSHS/2024/2024ULILH025.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteOur thesis investigates the role of intention in learning fixed expressions in English through watching Sitcoms. One of the main topics of interest in this thesis is the seemingly unlimited range of activities web 2.0 offers. Internet users can exploit it for entertainment, information, communication, socializing, training and, what interests us the most in this thesis, language learning. To answer our research question “To which extent different levels of intention can impact the learning of fixed expressions while watching Sitcoms in English?”, we carried out a three-phase study with five objectives in mind. The first phase consisted of a questionnaire aiming (1) to understand the current context of exposure and use of English of French university students outside of class and (2) to explore the possible intentions guiding sitcom viewing. In the second phase we conducted a quasi-experiment (3) to measure the impact of intention on learning fixed expressions while watching sitcoms and (4) to a better understanding of learners' gaze while watching sitcoms to analyze the learning of fixed expressions. Finally, the third phase was designed (5) to investigate the role of teacher intervention in promoting metacognitive awareness. We found that a considerable number of students receive a substantial amount of input in English, in which series viewing is the favorite audiovisual activity they undertake. Results also indicated that the enjoyment sitcoms bring is an underlying reason for series watching, together with the intention to learn the language. By watching Friends, How I Met Your Mother, The Big Bang Theory and Brooklyn 99, every participant learned at least one of the six fixed expressions (Way to go, Hang in there, You're on, Knock it off, Get over it and Good grief). Furthermore, nonverbal clues in the expressive facial expressions helped participants learn some of the expressions, while reading captions seemed to have helped other target items. Finally, results show a considerable difference in gains between just asking participants to pay attention to the language and helping them direct attention to it, through strategy training. This indicates that different degrees of intention can change learning outcomes
Yibokou, Kossi Seto. "Apprentissage informel de l'anglais en ligne : quelles conséquences sur la prononciation des étudiants français ?" Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2019/Yibokou_Kossi_Seto_2019_ED520.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThis work is part of the online informal learning of English and explores practices related to various sources of exposure of a sample of students from the University of Strasbourg. The data collected, based on a pronunciation test, a perception test and a survey, show inter- and intra-individual variability inherent to the complexity of the system in which participants evolve. With regards to Received Pronunciation and General American accents, acoustic analyses of pronunciation elements highlight oral productions composed of mixtures of characteristics of the two accents and those of the French language. The perturbation of speech production, implemented through fast speech variation, indicates a resistivity of the system for certain sounds/sequences of sounds. Results also show that television series are the most influential activities among those that promote vocal imitation and allow phonetic-phonological appropriation
Koné, Salifou. "L’intégration des outils numériques nomades dans l'apprentissage des langues : le cas de lycéens-adolescents Maliens". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2129.
Texto completo da fonteThis study focuses on the use of digital technology for learning amongst adolescent high school students in the Malian socio-educational context. It seeks to understand how these learners use digital tools to carry out pedagogical activities inside and outside French as a second language classes and it questions the role of the tools in informal language learning within their school curriculum. An ethnographic study enabled us to observe a sample of adolescent high school students in four Bamako high schools, in the different social spaces in which they move on a daily basis: the high school and its different spaces, the family home and the “grin”. The “grin” is a word from Bambara (first national language in Mali), which describes both a group of friends of the same age and the different places where they meet one another. The study uses interviews, logbooks and the observation of situations in which digital tools are used, during which photographs were taken, to capture how each adolescent high school student puts together learning resources from the tools available in each context. The epistemological position comes from case thinking, which enabled us to reconstruct portraits of high school students from the situations in which they use digital tools. Each situation described is seen as being set in a particular social configuration where identities and interdependence relations are at stake. Thus we report how uses evolve according to place.The mobile phone was identified at the start of the study as being the main mediation tool for high school students’ digital practices in the Malian socio-economic context. The goal then was to consider how the mobile phone was imported into the classroom as a school phenomenon and thus to examine the school form of the pedagogical relationship, in light of the high school students’ uses identified during didactic interaction. Thus, interviews were conducted with French teachers during their lessons and with senior school authority members in order to determine how they appropriate this phenomenon, what significance they attribute to it and how it impacts on the power and knowledge relations, which are at the foundation of the school educational relationship. The interviews were analysed from the standpoint of Critical Discourse Analysis. The results reveal tensions which emerge around the pedagogical uses of the mobile phone between, on the one hand, the teacher and his/her students and, on the other hand, between the teacher and the school authority. In view of these tensions, pedagogical suggestions are offered so that teachers can re-appropriate mobile digital tools brought into the classroom by students
Coroamă, Laura Ioana. "Contribution à la réflexion sur les apprentissages formels et informels dans un environnement plurilingue et pluriculturel : le cas de l'anglais dans la région du Banat en Roumanie". Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00955905.
Texto completo da fonteBezzari, Samira. "Le rôle de la dimension interculturelle dans la formation des adultes en milieu professionnel : le cas des cadres impatriés et expatriés en France et au Maroc". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20051.
Texto completo da fonteAt a time when the need for Intercultural Communicative Skills is often asserted for international and international executives working in a multicultural professional environment, the triggers likely to develop them are not well known today. This thesis aims to understand how these skills are built in mobile executives in two countries: France and Morocco.The problem that guides research concerns the rôle of the intercultural dimension in adult éducation, focusing on defining the place of initial and continuing training in foreign languages and the rôle of formai and informai continuing éducation in intercultural communication. The study does not stop at the level of the language approach or at the level of what is involved in intercultural communication, but rather at the analysis of the learning processes (on the sides of the learners), (On the side of the intercultural trainers) and their organization (on the side of the trainers). The thesis aimed to anchor the framework of the training of professionals in an intercultural approach. Such an approach amounts to contrasting the culturalist models which favor the comparison between cultures and the conception of culture as a biological data in order to be part of an approach that favors the interrelation and dynamics between cultures. Without this intercultural approach, exploring the field of professional mobility on the basis of interculturality has little meaning.Based on an empirical study associating quantitative and qualitative paradigms, some salient results, highlighted by the thesis, show that behind the intercultural discourse are many contradictions in the teaching of languages and cultures and in Formai intercultural communication. The attempt to create an in-between for cultures is often reduced to a description of the culture of otherness with direct or indirect représentations largely "folklorized". This makes learning Intercultural Communicative Skills problematic especially in the absence of clearly defined engineering in intercultural adult éducation. In addition, informai intercultural learning would seem relevant, particularly when it is based on socialization and peer reciprocity. This learning would benefit from being institutionalized in the two territories of the survey
Marchal, Bruno. "La médiation informationnelle au travers de plateformes de réseaux sociaux : l'application de Facebook lors de l'apprentissage du français langue étrangère en Thaïlande". Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR116/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe subject of this research concerns the interactive and reticulated pattern platforms that now populate our daily lives, and which first appear to us in the form of technical objects, but whose uses build social representations. We studied Informational mediations developed there by focusing on French in the context of its Thai students at the University, since French is a language deemed difficult, unrelated and distant. A double quantitative and qualitative analysis conducted in part with the NVivo software allowed us to update the fact that, in certain aspects and in certain environments, a digital social network like Facebook could facilitate informal apprenticeship participating in an economy of knowledge. We have identified specific uses and practices that are not those of a distance education platform designed as such. Thus, a certain creativity would be exercised in the construction of scripted audio-visual documents on mediating and multiplatform technical operational systems where the autonomy of the user would be culturally and socially situated according to identities, group memberships, perceptions, habits and other factors that structure its relationship to the world and will condition its desire, its manner and its practical ability to appropriate elements of language learning
Kusyk, Meryl. "Les dynamiques du développement de l'anglais au travers d'activités informelles en ligne : une étude exploratoire auprès d'étudiants français et allemands". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAG037.
Texto completo da fontePreliminary research regarding the online informal learning of English has shown that L2 development can result from participation in informal activities online. The goal of this dissertation is to examine the range of these online practices and to analyse university students’ long-term L2 development through their participation in such activities.953 French and German university students responded to a questionnaire containing approximately 60 questions regarding their online informal activities in English. Results from this survey show many similar practices between the two cohorts, a preference for comprehension over production and interaction activities, low rates of active (explicit) learning and content-associated rather than language-associated reasons for participating. Case studies were subsequently carried out. Oral and written data were collected over 10 months and analysed for complexity, accuracy and fluency measures as well as the use of language chunks. Results show that each language user interacts with the activities in his/her own unique style and that the different L2 measures evolve non-linearly and in relation to one another
Issac, Fabrice. "Analyse syntaxique et apprentissage des langues". Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA132021.
Texto completo da fonteKuligowska-Esnault, Margot. "Poésie et enseignement-apprentissage des langues". Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT2026/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis, written in a plural theoretical framework, focuses on poetry in second-language teaching and learning. Combining a literary and linguistic perspective with insights from second language acquisition research, it deals with the integration of poetry in the teaching of English in secondary schools in France. Involving class-groups of teenagers aged between 13 and 16 years, this research based on intervention includes three studies that make it possible to observe the opportunities for L2 development provided by the different activities associated with poetic texts and to investigate the manner in which students relate to poetry, in terms of representations, attitudes and experiences. The first study, based on a quasi-experimental protocol, highlights the potential benefits of voicing poems, with or without memorization, for lexical development. Through indirect observation, the second study sheds light on the advantages and limits of sharing the experience of reading poetry and raises the issue of task design and mediation. In the last study, the analysis of the written productions of the learners, crossed with the questionnaires, reveals the specificity of poetic creative writing and its rich potential for L2 development. Our results suggest that most students have a neutral attitude towards poetry. They mainly associate it with academic experience and its regular formal aspects. Rote learning and recitation re-emerge as unpleasant school memories. These three studies make it possible to offer some ideas for reflection and pedagogical actions
Sofyani, Mohammed al. "Apprentissage des langues et communication interculturelle en contexte militaire". Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030105.
Texto completo da fonteGuichon, Nicolas. "Apprentissage des langues médiatisé par les technologies : contribution à l'épistémologie de la didactique des langues". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université du Havre, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00806418.
Texto completo da fonteWalski, Jennifer A. "Apprentissage et perfectionnement d'une langue étrangère par les adultes en autonomie guidée". Bordeaux 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR30023.
Texto completo da fonteLanguage is seen as a system of options, the individual elements of which are understood in relation to their use in communication. Language learning is seen a process, the eventual construction of grammatical functions in the individual learner dependent on sufficient encounters with language in authentic situations in order to see patterns developing as well as on interaction of the learner with le language itself. The construction of individual functions develops over a period of tinme, their consolidation dependent on recognition of patterns gleaning of examples and use. Listening to the language can provide the adult learner of a second language with the necessary input. The period for the construction of individual functions, however, can be shortened by encouraging the learner to use his analytic powers on examples taken from context and by incorporating generalisations about the language into the pedagogic material prepared by the teachers. The s. A. P. A. G. (service d'apprentissage et perfectionnement en autonomie guidee), a service independant of any classroom teaching, is the application of the above theories
Barbot, Marie-José. "L'auto-apprentissage en milieu institutionnel". Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030069.
Texto completo da fonteThe system of auto-learning spreads out because of the double influence of evolution of behaviours and the technological possibilities. The discoveries in cognitive psychology and neurobiology emphasize the importance of the achievment of autonomy in learning. A survey among twenty-two auto-learners allowed to proove that the learners need the support that the etablisment should and must provide to them through a direct exposure that is to say the tutoring or mediated learning experience. Self-learning in institutional surrounding therefore does not mean the withdrawal of the teachers. On the contrary they must play a new part. That is why they must be appropriately trained to this aim
Rutytė, Akvilė. "Importance du vocabulaire dans l’enseignement/apprentissage de langues étrangères étrangères". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090629_122759-17584.
Texto completo da fonteMokyti užsienio kalbą- tai padaryti mokinį gabiu bendrauti ta kalba žodžiu ir raštu, t.y. išreikšti ir suprasti sąvokas, naudoti ir suprasti kalbos aktus. Užsienio kalbų mokymas naudoja būdus, kurie taikomi įvairiuose mokymo objektuose: kalbos faktų supratimas, palyginimas, įsisavinimas (žodžių, struktūrų, reikšmių,įvairių būdų išreikšti sąvokas).
Teaching a language can be defined as "making the student able to communicate in that language, orally and in writing: express and understand concepts, use and understand acts of language. Teaching a language can also be an opportunity to acquire learning strategies that are likely to be applicable to other languages and other objects of study: the observation of the facts of language, comparison, memorization (words, structures, meanings, different ways of expressing an idea).
Roch-Veiras, Sophie. "Histoire de l'enseignement/apprentissage du vocabulaire en didactique des langues". Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030160.
Texto completo da fonteThis research, based upon practical experience, stems from the difficulties encountered by learners and teachers in dealing with the acquisition of vocabulary in class. Handbooks in which one normally expects to find ways of overcoming these difficulties, provide no statisfactory solution at the moment. Besides, by minimizing the importance of vocabulary they only amplify this feeling of helplessness. A detailed historical survey of the teaching of vocabulary not only sheds light on the reasons for such a dismissal but also suggests new ways of coping with vocabulary acquisition today. Our research, grounded in a historical approach, is intended to evaluate the many methods which have been developped and modified through the centuries contributing to the progress of the teaching of vocabulary. Such a study can lead to the creation of new techniques applicable to today's classroom
Lira, Adan. "Les Activités métacommunicatives et métalinguistiques dans l'enseignement - apprentissage des langues étrangères". Grenoble 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE39051.
Texto completo da fonteMars, Abdelkarim. "Le TAL au service desenseignants des langues : mise en oeuvre d’une plate-forme pour l’enseignement du français et de l’arabe, langues étrangères". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAL031/document.
Texto completo da fonteToday, learning computer assisted language is increasingly widespread in public and private institutions. However, it is still far from expectations teachers and learners, and still does not meet their needs. computer-assisted language learning (CALL) today are rather test environments of learner knowledge and more like a support traditional learning. In addition, the feedback provided by these systems remains basic and can not be adapted for independent learning, because it should be able to diagnose problems a learner with spelling, grammar, conjugation, etc., and intelligently generate adequate feedback according to the situation of learning.This research exposes the capabilities of NLP tools to provide solutions to limitations CALL systems in order to develop a comprehensive system and CALL autonomous. We present a complete architecture of a multilingual system learning the computer assisted language for language learners Foreign, French and Arabic. This system could be used for learning languages by learners of the language as a second or foreign language. The first part of our work focuses on the adaptation of tools and resources from NLP for them to be used in a language learning environment computer assisted. These tools and resources, there are stemmers for Arabic and French corpora, electronic dictionaries, etc. Then, in the second section presents the handwriting recognition online. In this optical, we present a statistical approach based on neural network, then we present the design of the architecture of the recognition system as well the implementation of the recognition algorithm.The second part of the presentation focuses on the development, integration and exploitation of NLP tools (morphological analyzers recognition system writing, dictionaries, etc.) in our learning system assisted language computer. We also present the modules added to the platform to have a the complete architecture of a CALL system. These modules, figure generator feedback that corrects the mistakes of learners and generate a relevant educational feedback which allows the learner to identify and faults. Finally, we describe the tool automatic generation and automated various educational activities
Nelson, Laury. "Contact de langues et enseignements : apprentissage du français en milieu scolaire guyanais". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2016/document.
Texto completo da fonteOur research deals with the problem of the contact of languages in the teaching and learning of french, in this case in the Guyanese school environment. Thus, the objective of our research work is to understand how the phenomena of contact of languages that occur in learning situations of exolingual type, that is to say where the young learner is doing the experience of learning a non-maternal language from the pre-school level on the other hand, and how adults (teachers-atsem) use heterogeneous linguistic codes to communicate in the classroom. Our research work is guided by a specific problem: "What is the role of code-switching in the practices of transmission of knowledge, linguistic and extra-linguistic? ". This question represents the backbone of our research and it gives rise to several guidelines on how alternation presents itself as a linguistic resource in didactic exchanges in exolingual contexts. This research essentially borrows from the contributions of Swiss linguistics in the work of Bernard Py (1986, 2004, 2005) on language contact, learning and interaction and Marinette Matthey (2003) on acquisition of second languages at school. Based on an ethnographic approach, we start from the observation and description of the socio-cultural realities of culturally meaningful classroom communication situations in order to describe carefully the teaching and learning practices. Our research focuses above all on a positioning of interactionist inspiration, insofar as we seek in particular to grasp an object attached to the interactions, through which knowledge and skills are negotiated and constructed during the passage of a language to the other
Masperi, Monica. "Etude exploratoire des conditions d'automatisation de lecteurs francophones debutants en italien". Grenoble 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE39020.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis lies within the framework of an international research programme - galatea - focusing on intercomprehension among romance-language speakers. Its didactic aim is the development of student autonomy in reading comprehension in the initial approach to italian texts. The theoretical frame refers in particular to concepts of learning and reading stategies in applied linguistics and typolinguistic proximity. Processes and strategies used by french-speaking readers in their initial approach to italian texts are studied. Different aspects of readers' verbalized reflections are pointed out and classified through their reports during reading comprehension tasks. More specifically, the analysis concerns cognitive and metacognitive aspects of reading comprehension related to the different linguistic components involved (grapho-phonological, lexical, morphological, syntactical and textual ones). Cognates processing is particularly focused upon. Finally, data analysis results are used as a basis for suggestions of didactic applications hinging on both awareness and confidence in cognates as an efficient initial approach instrument to italian texts and the enhancing of metacognitive activity
Jottreau-Augé, Dominique. "Didactique des langues anciennes". Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENL017.
Texto completo da fonteOur research is born from the necessity to define a strategy for the teaching of ancient languages so that learners may be induced to read ancient literature. The grounds of this theory rest upon the contribution brought by the teachings of other disciplines with a view to setting up a theory of learning. Our approach is not so much to apply to the field of ancient languages a pattern borrowed from the teaching of other subjects but to ponder over the specificity of this discipline in order to draw a number of principles and to determine specific teaching skills which include a wide range of modern technologies and which are sufficiently consistent and efficient to enable learners to feel at home with a culture through the learning of a language
Bougchiche, Redouane. "L’analogie dans l’apprentissage des langues". Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040160.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis claims that, in language acquisition, analogy has a fundamental role as a cognitive process; not as a sheer resemblance but as a computation process aimed at computing a proportional fourth (find C, which is to D as A is to B). It operates at all levels of linguistic analysis: phonology, morphology, syntax, and lexico-semantics. This holds for L1 acquisition and L2 learning; in the latter, the conditions are different because L1 operates as a background. Analogy uses the examples that are available because that were previously met in linguistic experience. This accounts for the regularity that is to be observed in language without having to posit rules. The speaker constructs mental representations (schemas) for each knowledge he meets. He integrates, produces, and modifies the knowledge by analogy, which is why this process is dynamic
Foucher, Anne-Laure. "Didactique des langues et nouvelles technologies pour la formation : entre linguistique, semiologie de l'image multimedia et enseignement/apprentissage des langues". Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070004.
Texto completo da fonteAt the meeting point of didactics, linguistics and new technologies for education, our research defends "didactics" for an outside of the language classroom, resolutely linguistic, non focused on technological performances and really integrating images in its "didactization" processes. Three main lines are considered : a linguistic one articulates a reflection on the place of linguistics in the "didactization" of contents to be presented to the learner with regards to the new technologies specificity; a "semiologic" one gives new lights on how to introduce images in a learning software which integrates visual, textual and auditive "stimuli"; at least a didactic one sets out methodological steps of a multimedia approach for foreing languages teaching and learning
Chardon-Isch, Nicole. "Apprentissage linguistique et intégration sociale d'écoliers étrangers à la Martinique". Antilles-Guyane, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AGUY0084.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis inscribes in the wide field of didactic of languages in Martinique. How do caribean stranger children learn french, how do they live? When they arrive with one or two languages (one official and the other creole), how do they learn a third language in martinican school which hasn't resolved itself the question of bilingualism? Speaking several speeches in a country causes peculiar problems, so I shall deal of maternal tongue, of sociology and immigration, of socio lingualism, of relation with the old norms, of new standard, of linguistical problems linked with oral, of psychological problems due to child development in uneasy situations, of didactical problems of teacher's formation. All these topics are interdependent. It was necessary to take the census of population of strangers, to study what martinican think about them, and to study school official structures. We've got a moderate establishment: there is not enough welcome structures in martinican school, teachers are isolated and insufficiently prepared, there is o lack of information and evaluation about the natives languages and countries of stranger children. Some isolated initiatives and a pedagogy of linguistical variation have been tried successfully. Insertion of caribean stranger children interpellates us by it critical situation
Mckim, Kerrie. "Sites Internet : approches par les tâches et apprentissage du lexique en langue étrangère". Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENL001.
Texto completo da fonteThis dissertation lies within the fields of Second Language Acquisition and Computer-Assisted Language Learning integrating a task-based learning approach while focusing on lexical acquisition. This study was developed following the observation that websites are frequently used in the foreign language class yet little research has been done to examine the impact that the use of l websites has on the students’ acquisition of the language. The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of the websites on lexical learning in the foreign language classroom. The participants in this study are university students enrolled in a conversational language class, Their language level range from advanced beginners to advanced intermediate learners. Websites are integrated into the course curriculum through the use of Blackboard (a course management system) and studied outside of class to prepare for in class communicative tasks. The study presents a description of the communicative tasks carried out by the students as well as the Internet websites used in the execution of the communicative tasks. Comparisons are then made between the language produced by the learners during the tasks and the lexical items present on the websites
Moreau, Erwan. "Acquisition de grammaires lexicalisées pour les langues naturelles". Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00487042.
Texto completo da fonteCroset, Grégoire. "La dynamique de groupe dans l’enseignement du français langue étrangère (FLE) au lycée en Suède : Problématique de la participation orale au sein des groupes informels et restreints". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för utbildningsvetenskap (UV), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-61953.
Texto completo da fonteGamboa, de Ingströmer Mariana del C. "Usages et effets des TIC dans l'enseignement des langues étrangères". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-26206.
Texto completo da fonteThe purpose of this paper is to know more about the use of ICT in 3 Swedish schools and more precisely in the foreign language courses like French and Spanish. Some of the objectives of this study were the following: research on the attitudes of teachers and students towards ICT, to find out about the time that students spend using ICT during language classes and if they think this time is sufficient. In my research I have also tried to find out if students are experiencing health problems related to ICT and whether teachers have noticed an improvement in the marks by using the new technology. Questions regarding the training of teachers and their views on digital textbooks were also discussed. To collect the information needed I conducted surveys of three teachers and 27 students. I also made observations in schools and interviews with the teachers. The survey results are presented in figures and their analysis was compared to the theories expressed at the beginning of my paper. The study shows that ICT are still lacking in language classes but it does not seem to bother the students because according to surveys they seem quite happy with their education. The teachers in my study believe that ICT in general are a good tool to use and according to the results obtained in the questionnaires what could stop them from using ICT more often in class is the lack of time, interest or technical knowledge. Some health problems were in fact observed in the information gathered with surveys. When it comes to the improvement of the marks the teachers could not speak with certainty. There were differing opinions among them and this made it difficult to reach a consensus. Finally, the teachers interviewed admitted having had access to proper training to use the new technique.
Randriamasinony, Soloalijaona. "L' apprentissage de l'espagnol, langue étrangère, par l'apprenant bilingue franco-malgache". Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0744.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis analyses the contact of languages in both the social and educational domain and focuses on «the learning of spanish as a foreign language by the bilingual franco-malagasy learner». Indeed, the often inexplicable errors made in work, for the most part written, produced by learners of spanish has aroused numerous questions of both a linguistic and didactic nature with regard to their origin. Amongst the four languages – malgache, French, English and Spanish – used in an educational context and therefore in the learner assimilated was French whereby the common origin of two romance languages would imply either success or failure, a priori shared between the two at the time of learning Spanish. However, the analisis taken from different perspectives of the corpus constituted from the carrying out of classes – input and intake – and from the work produced by the learners – output – brought to the forefront other domains susceptible to providing some of the more plausible explanations social and psychological dimensions of the language characterise the interlanguage not only as an amalgam of previously acquired systems, but also as a combination of the «sous-systems» according to which the targzet language is acquired in a purely procedural manner
Knyazeva, Elena. "Apprendre par imitation : applications à quelques problèmes d'apprentissage structuré en traitement des langues". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS134/document.
Texto completo da fonteStructured learning has become ubiquitousin Natural Language Processing; a multitude ofapplications, such as personal assistants, machinetranslation and speech recognition, to name just afew, rely on such techniques. The structured learningproblems that must now be solved are becomingincreasingly more complex and require an increasingamount of information at different linguisticlevels (morphological, syntactic, etc.). It is thereforecrucial to find the best trade-off between the degreeof modelling detail and the exactitude of the inferencealgorithm. Imitation learning aims to perform approximatelearning and inference in order to better exploitricher dependency structures. In this thesis, we explorethe use of this specific learning setting, in particularusing the SEARN algorithm, both from a theoreticalperspective and in terms of the practical applicationsto Natural Language Processing tasks, especiallyto complex tasks such as machine translation.Concerning the theoretical aspects, we introduce aunified framework for different imitation learning algorithmfamilies, allowing us to review and simplifythe convergence properties of the algorithms. With regardsto the more practical application of our work, weuse imitation learning first to experiment with free ordersequence labelling and secondly to explore twostepdecoding strategies for machine translation
Roque, Verdura Illina. "L'auto-apprentissage : problématique de son intégration dans un système d'enseignement d'une langue à l'université : (le cas de la licence de français de l'Université de La Havane)". Nancy 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN21024.
Texto completo da fonteIn institutional foreign language education, more and more space is being given to systems that facilitate autonomous learning. These autonomous learning structures represent an evolution in terms of both the flexibility of the system and the freedom the student has to fix his/her own goals and the most appropriate means to reach them. The introduction of an autonomous learning structure in the French as Foreign language curriculum of the Foreign Language Faculty of La Havane University is an innovation. This study suggests different, alternative, or complementary solutions to classroom learning in a effort to improve autonomous learning. The research includes the theoretic foundations and the procedure for introducing an activity system "learning how to learn" into the French language classes in the Preparatory Course and gives the results of this experimentation
Cormanski, Alex. ""Le corps dans la langue" : les techniques dramatiques dans l'enseignement/apprentissage des langues étrangères". Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030132.
Texto completo da fonteForeign-language teaching with sole emphasis on formal aspects of language will likely be limited to the verbal aspect of communication, thus excluding non verbal aspects. Language and its learner often appear bereft of body. Speakers express themselves first and foremost using the body which constitutes the memory of their culture, acquired but not learned. Foreign-language teaching with emphasis on meaning underscores the body memory principle and leads the learner to question the dynamic of language and action in his native tongue and culture so as to then approximate the same dynamic in the target language. The premise of "body-driven" language teaching and learning is based on a parallel drawn from techniques used in the theater arts. The actor brings into unisson the constituent parts of verbal and non verbal communication (voice, gesture, glance, relation to space) in order to enhance communication. A pedagogical experiment conducted in the united states, where groups are by and large more homogeneous, was designed to demonstrate the validity of this hypothesis. To that end, four control groups and four experimental groups were given a communicative task with which to improvise. Based on my results, I was led to the following inquiry : what is the place and role of techniques used in the theater arts in the context of language teaching and learning? Are these techniques merely supporting of a curriculum or the very core of a communicative curriculum? Can one speak of a grammar of gesture in the way one speaks of a verbal grammar? How does the relation between the verbal and non-verbal play itself out in the speech process which is intrinsically interactive when approaching language through dramatic techniques?
Contreras, Roa Leonardo. "Prosodie et apprentissage des langues : étude contrastive de l’interlangue d’apprenants d’anglais francophones et hispanophones". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20053.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is a study of the prosodic interlanguage of students of English as a foreign language whose native language is French or Spanish. It is organized in two main parts. The first part is a study of the methods of conception and representation of prosody for the analysis of interlanguage – a hybrid linguistic system which includes characteristics of the student's native language, characteristics of the target language, and intermediate developmental or characteristics. This provides a methodological framework for the phonetic analysis and phonological interpretation of this type of prosodic systems. The second part is the implementation of this methodology through a contrastive interlanguage analysis conducted through the study of an oral corpus of students of English as a foreign language. The results show traces of the influence of their respective native languages at the phonetic and phonological levels, as well as developmental characteristics common to both groups of learners. The results serve as a basis for reflection on the levels of abstraction in the study of prosody and on the didactic priorities for teaching oral English at a university level
Loiseau, Yves. "De l'incidence de l'espace et du temps dans l'enseignement/apprentissage des langues-cultures étrangères". Paris 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030017.
Texto completo da fonteTeachers and learners often have difficulty dealing with the effects of space and time in the classroom: the room is too small for the number of learners, a portion of the blackboard is unusable due to glare, the class is scheduled at an inconvenient time, the teacher is only allowed 55 minutes for a 90 minute activity. The objective of this thesis is to examine those elements related to space and time that occur in the specific context of the teaching and learning of foreign languages-cultures, from the largest scale, that of the planet, to the smallest scale, that of the individual learner. It not only provides a general view of these spatial and time-related factors but addresses the specific characteristics of each. This research contributes to the field of " didactology of languages-cultures ", and stems from the research of Robert GALISSON. .
Tchimou, Jules. "L'absorption des exclus du système éducatif par le secteur informel en Côte-d'Ivoire". Grenoble 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE21074.
Texto completo da fonteThe object of the thesis is the delineation of the links existing between the educational and production systemin the ivory coast. It aims to demonstrate the capacity for absorption of the "production" of the former by the latter. Ithas been clearly shown that it is the informal sector, for the most part, which absorbs those who are excluded-young people who have never had formal schooling and thus have neither diplomas nor qualifications. The lack of integration, at all thelevels of the school curriculum due to the immensity of the society's demand for education, causes an annual increase in the number of unemployed people. And were it not for the existence of the informal sector. A sector which has - a sort of "cushioning" effect, the social explosion would ha ve been different from that which we can currently observe. The informal sector thus plays an important role through its con- tribution to youth employment, going just a passive absorp- tion of the flow of "eclused" to the point of ensuring a training of the work-force by the system of apprenticeship. Both the close bonds which this institution forges between the apprentice and
Déjean, Hervé. "Concepts et algorithmes pour la découverte des structures formelles des langues". Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00169572.
Texto completo da fonteVoilà la question à laquelle nous avons essayé de répondre. Cette réponse peut être vue comme une continuation des travaux en analyse distributionnelle développée par Zellig Harris.
L'objectif de ce travail est donc de découvrir les structures formelles d'une langue en étudiant ces régularités formelles contenues dans un corpus
Notre méthode de découverte se base sur une simple conception formelle de la langue: un objet linéaire dans lequel les frontières (de début et de fin) des différentes structures sont indiquées par des éléments caractéristiques. Les structures ainsi identifiées sont le syntagme simple (non récursif), et la proposition, structures à la fois multilingues et formelles. Ces indicateurs de frontières correspondent à des morphèmes (libres ou liés) pour le syntagme, et à des morphèmes ou des syntagmes pour la proposition.
À partir de ces structures théoriques, nous construisons la liste de toutes les catégories qu'un élément (morphème ou mot) peut prendre. Une fois ces structures et catégories recensées, nous construisons des contextes spécifiques à chaque catégorie afin de catégoriser les éléments du texte. Nous obtenons donc un mécanisme permettant d'assigner à un élément plusieurs catégories si cet élément apparaît dans différents contextes. Ces contextes sont construits à l'aide des éléments prototypiques de marqueurs de frontières de structures, identifiables grâce à leur position par rapport à la segmentation physique du texte (en particulier les ponctuations).
Les résultats obtenus permettent la catégorisation des mots du corpus, ainsi qu'une segmentation partielle en syntagmes. La méthode a été appliquée à une dizaine de langues comme le français, l'allemand, le turc, le vietnamien et le swahili.
Aalburg, Stephanie. "Adaption der automatischen Erkennung nichtmuttersprachlich-akzentuierter Sprache /". Aachen : Shaker, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41068992r.
Texto completo da fonteOtchoumou, Hoppe Christelle. "Mise en place d'un dispositif LMOOC d'enseignement-apprentissage des langues : analyse didactique d'une recherche intervention". Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INAL0015.
Texto completo da fonteThe perspective of this thesis is to analyze how the teaching and learning processes are interacting in order to underline on the conditions to which a technology-mediated distance learning environment is liable to promote French as an Additional Language (AL) learning experiences within a MOOC (Massive Open Online Course). The research main objectives are the setting up of the artifact, its adjustment to the context and its evaluation. The implementation of a pedagogical environment aims at providing the learners with the tools leading them towards a qualitative progression in the AL. The first phase of the intervention research was devoted to the setting of the theoretical and conceptual framework to favor the AL learning activity. We mobilized complex and dynamic system theories (CDST) and socio-cultural theories for the design of the artifact. The conceptual framework is completed with an ergonomic approach of the instrumental activity. We then analyzed the conditions under which, within the MOOC environment, a flexible task-based language learning artifact mediates learners' language activity towards participatory social practices. Language learning activity and learners' interactions are assessed, interpreted and analyzed through the lens of our theoretical framework
Piccardo, Enrica. "Créativité et technologies de l'information et de la communication dans l'enseignement/apprentissage des langues étrangères". Compiègne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003COMP1446.
Texto completo da fonteLöser, Kevin. "Apprentissage non-supervisé de la morphologie des langues à l’aide de modèles bayésiens non-paramétriques". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS203/document.
Texto completo da fonteA crucial issue in statistical natural language processing is the issue of sparsity, namely the fact that in a given learning corpus, most linguistic events have low occurrence frequencies, and that an infinite number of structures allowed by a language will not be observed in the corpus. Neural models have already contributed to solving this issue by inferring continuous word representations. These continuous representations allow to structure the lexicon by inducing semantic or syntactic similarity between words. However, current neural models only partially solve the sparsity issue, due to the fact that they require a vectorial representation for every word in the lexicon, but are unable to infer sensible representations for unseen words. This issue is especially present in morphologically rich languages, where word formation processes yield a proliferation of possible word forms, and little overlap between the lexicon observed during model training, and the lexicon encountered during its use. Today, several languages are used on the Web besides English, and engineering translation systems that can handle morphologies that are very different from western European languages has become a major stake. The goal of this thesis is to develop new statistical models that are able to infer in an unsupervised fashion the word formation processes underlying an observed lexicon, in order to produce morphological analyses of new unseen word forms
Dary, Franck. "Modèles incrémentaux pour le traitement automatique des langues". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0248.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is about natural language processing, and more specifically concerns the prediction of the syntactic-morphological structure of sentences.This is the matter of segmenting a text into sentences and then into words and associating to each word a part of speech and morphological features and then linking the words to make the syntactic structure explicit.The thesis proposes a predictive model that performs these tasks simultaneously and in an incremental fashion: the text is read character by character and the entire linguistic predictions are updated by the information brought by each new character.The reason why we have explored this architecture is the will to be inspired by human reading which imposes these two constraints.From an experimental point of view, we compute the correlation between eye-tracking variables measured on human subjects and complexity metrics specific to our model.Moreover, we propose a backtracking mechanism, inspired by the regressive saccades observed in humans. To this end, we use reinforcement learning, which allows the model to perform backtracking when it reaches a dead end
Costa, Eglantine. "Distance transactionnelle et apprentissage autodirigé de langue étrangère avec soutien : ouverture, dialogue, autonomie et appropriation de dispositif de formation". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0063.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis falls within the research that examines mediation schemes (Peraya 2003,2005, 2009) and more specifically on foreign language learning systems and their uses (Rabardel, 1995), in the context of diversification of practices and habits thanks to the expansion of information and communication technology in education. It seeks to question the notion of distance and particularly transactional distance (Moore, 1993), that is to say the relationship between structure of a learning system, dialogue and autonomy, in relation to the technical and pedagogical hybridism of a contemporary learning system. The research focuses on the process of appropriation (Paquelin, 2004, 2009) of a self-directed learning system of (the) English language, by drawing on the perception of openness from the actors (Jézégou, 2004 , 2005, 2007, 2010c) at a specific time of the conception, the training and that the learning. These perceptions are comparedto show movements in the appropriation process, then the blocks and catalysts are analyzed using the collected data tracked from the digital learning environment. The results suggest that there is a relation of dependence between structure, dialogue and autonomy and underpin this hierarchy within that particular learning system
Zeilinger-Trier, Manuela. "Les projets de télécommunication interculturels : un enjeu pour l'innovation de l'enseignement / apprentissage scolaire de l'allemand en france". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CLF20003.
Texto completo da fonteColin, Émilie. "Traitement automatique des langues et génération automatique d'exercices de grammaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0059.
Texto completo da fonteOur perspectives are educational, to create grammar exercises for French. Paraphrasing is an operation of reformulation. Our work tends to attest that sequence-to-sequence models are not simple repeaters but can learn syntax. First, by combining various models, we have shown that the representation of information in multiple forms (using formal data (RDF), coupled with text to extend or reduce it, or only text) allows us to exploit a corpus from different angles, increasing the diversity of outputs, exploiting the syntactic levers put in place. We also addressed a recurrent problem, that of data quality, and obtained paraphrases with a high syntactic adequacy (up to 98% coverage of the demand) and a very good linguistic level. We obtain up to 83.97 points of BLEU-4*, 78.41 more than our baseline average, without syntax leverage. This rate indicates a better control of the outputs, which are varied and of good quality in the absence of syntax leverage. Our idea was to be able to work from raw text : to produce a representation of its meaning. The transition to French text was also an imperative for us. Working from plain text, by automating the procedures, allowed us to create a corpus of more than 450,000 sentence/representation pairs, thanks to which we learned to generate massively correct texts (92% on qualitative validation). Anonymizing everything that is not functional contributed significantly to the quality of the results (68.31 of BLEU, i.e. +3.96 compared to the baseline, which was the generation of text from non-anonymized data). This second work can be applied the integration of a syntax lever guiding the outputs. What was our baseline at time 1 (generate without constraint) would then be combined with a constrained model. By applying an error search, this would allow the constitution of a silver base associating representations to texts. This base could then be multiplied by a reapplication of a generation under constraint, and thus achieve the applied objective of the thesis. The formal representation of information in a language-specific framework is a challenging task. This thesis offers some ideas on how to automate this operation. Moreover, we were only able to process relatively short sentences. The use of more recent neural modelswould likely improve the results. The use of appropriate output strokes would allow for extensive checks. *BLEU : quality of a text (scale from 0 (worst) to 100 (best), Papineni et al. (2002))
Stroppa, Nicolas. "Définitions et caractérisations de modèles à base d'analogies pour l'apprentissage automatique des langues naturelles /". Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40129220d.
Texto completo da fontePellegrini, Thomas. "Transcription automatique de langues peu dotées". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00619657.
Texto completo da fonteSpiezia, Raffaele. "Le professeur et l'ordinateur : une approche intégrée de l'enseignement/apprentissage du français dans une université italienne". Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10077.
Texto completo da fonteSenobari, Sara. "Les émotions dans l’enseignement/apprentissage des langues : étude des épisodes émotionnels vécus par des apprenants d’anglais en contexte universitaire -Langues pour Spécialistes d’Autres Disciplines (LANSAD)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030045.
Texto completo da fonteThis transdisciplinary study focuses on emotions in the field of language teaching/learning, with the aim of gaining a deeper understanding of the emotional process experienced by English language learners and shedding light on cognitive appraisal as proposed by Scherer's (1984, 2009) "component process" model, based on Appraisal theories of emotion. To comprehend emotional episodes, cognitive appraisal variables were investigated in connection with emotional regulation and learners' beliefs concerning emotions and language learning. Two studies were conducted with Sorbonne Nouvelle University language learners. The first qualitative exploratory study aimed to understand learners' emotional episodes and their cognitive appraisal, while the second mixed- methods study aimed to clarify the relationship between emotions, emotional regulation strategies, and learners' beliefs. The analysis uncovered that emotional episodes are dynamic processes encompassing multiple positive and negative emotions. The importance of the teacher and other learners in emotional regulation was highlighted, as well as the reflective awareness of learners as a crucial step in managing emotions. This study proposes research directions to examine the dynamic and interactive relationship between learners' beliefs and emotional regulation in the context of language learning in higher education
Delgado, Guante Denise. "Cultures d'enseignement et cultures d'apprentissage : Regars croisés sur les pratiques didactiques dans les classes de français et d'espagnol langues seconde et de scolarisation en Guyane et en République dominicaine". Antilles-Guyane, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AGUY0319.
Texto completo da fonteToday, teaching-learning language practices analysis is in line with a triple sphere of influence concerning issues encountered first in ergonomics ofdidactic practices, second, in a reflection on the eclecticism of second language teaching practices and, finally, in an ethnological approach ofdidactic behaviours. Concerning the third aspect, the research on teaching-learning activities in the classroom aims to consider the speaker in a wider dimension. The subject is then considered as a competent social actor. For that reason, this orientation allows to approach the pedagogical behaviour from a double perspective: upstream, if linguistic, didactic and educational experiences ofthe subject are considered as an ensemble portraying teaching and learning cultures (CECA); downstream, if it aims at an adaptation ofpedagogical behaviour to suit teaching-learning frameworks or learner needs as a social actor. These teaching-learning relationships are described a priori as an interactive framework for didactic practices. At first, didactic research on teaching-learning activities in the classroom focused on issues relating to communicative situation and its components adapted to classroom situations. Now, with a new epistemological orientation promoted by the extension ofthe subject ofdidactic research including, in concrete terms, culture issues besides language issues or linguaculture, it is the opposite which leads up to the didactic analysis. Communicative situation is from now on considered as a component in the framework ofthe didactic situation, itself characterized by socio-cultural and institutional environments. In these conditions, if a perspective ofthe subject as a "learner" is replaced by a perspective ofhim as a "social actor", a new approach ofteaching-learning language and culture practices is needed. The case ofsecond language teaching and the experience ofnon-native speaker immigrant pupils with a foreign teaching language offer the opportunity to study the interaction between different languages, cultures (knowledge) and CECA (behaviour) through field work, throughout which was observed the way of cobeing and co-acting in Guyanese and Dominican multilingual classes. This topic was developed in order to understand, on the one hand, how dissimilar educational, didactic and political patterns encourage enculturation ofnon-native speaker pupils in accordance with specific cultural strategies and, on the other hand, how teacher and pupil work out strategies in order to manage cobeing and co-acting, through the example ofvocabulary and meaning teaching, when dissimilar linguistic norms and pedagogical-didactic norms (standards ofbehaviour) get in contact in multilingual and multicultural classes
Normand, Claude Clerc Françoise. "Pourquoi l'École se mêlerait-elle d'enseigner les langues étrangères ? le cas de l'espagnol dans le secondaire en France /". Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2005. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2005/normand_c.
Texto completo da fonteVergara, Lopez Alejandra Andrea. "Vers une didactique des langues minoritaires ? : le cas du mapudungun au Chili". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20105/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe sociolinguistic situation of Chile, which has been historically marked by a process of glottophagia (Calvet, 1974, 1997, 1999), now regards mapudungun as one of the native minority languages of this officially monolingual Nationstate (Spanish). The status of the mapuche language and the progressive loss of its intergenerational transmission have raised the question of “revitalization” (Hinton & Hale, 2001; Costa, 2010) among militant movements. This Ph.D study conducts a longterm ethnographical collaborative research on mapudungun learning/teaching contexts for an audience of young urban adults from the city of Santiago de Chile. To analyse contemporary educational practices within a militant mapuche movement and to establish new avenues of research for the didactics of minority languages were the priority objectives of this research.It appears that the teaching of mapudungun, as well as that of the other minority languages, concerns both the praxis of contextualized didactics, and the consideration, in the same prospect, of a tension between tradition and modernity, a question that should be fully integrated in the didactic reflection, so that the language of “the people of the earth” might also become that of “the people of the asphalt”