Teses / dissertações: "Ankle injuries"

1

Gray, Kimberly A. "Validation of the Ottawa Ankle Rules for Acute Foot and Ankle Injuries". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1365773432.

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2

Smith, Terrance J. "Foot and Ankle Injuries: Artificial Turf vs. Natural grass". Wittenberg University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wuhonors1470240556.

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3

Brogden, Christopher. "Developing a prevention strategy for ankle injuries in soccer". Thesis, Edge Hill University, 2015. http://repository.edgehill.ac.uk/7229/.

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The epidemiology and aetiology of ankle injuries in soccer has been widely established. Ankle injuries have been identified as a primary injury concern within soccer, highlighting the need for injury prevention programmes to be implemented in an attempt to reduce their incidence and severity. Injuries are multi-modal in occurrence thus indicating the need for a multi-modal battery of tests to further inform aetiology, whilst also allowing for greater informed rehabilitation and prehabilitation strategies. The purpose of study one was to determine whether relationships existed between aetiological risk factors associated with ankle sprain using a multi-modal battery of tests. In accordance with the multi-variate aetiology, a lack of commonality between task performance outcomes was demonstrated. Studies two and three, utilising the same analysis parameters, investigated the effects of different brands of kinesiology tape (KT) and time of day effect on the same aetiological risk factors. Study two indicated that both brands of KT had some beneficial improvements in peformance for measures of postural stability and proprioception, whilst study three indicated a lack of time of day effect on task performance outcome measures. Studies four and five attempted to provide greater ecological validity via assessing the effects of both KT and increased utlisation of interchanges (SAFT60) on locomotive activity and measures of postural stability and mechanical variables in the form of GPS, Force Plate and Qualisys kinematics. Prior research has often failed to investigate the effects of sport specific fatigue on paramters of performance associated with aetiological risk factors. KT demonstrates improvement in both postural stability and locomotive mechanics in the form of GPS and Force Plate variables, compared to that of postural stability only for the SAFT60. However, both the KT and SAFT60 intervention strategies failed to offset the effects of fatigue with regards to postural stability, indicating that other mechanisms such as different taping strategies need to be explored. Study six, amalgamated the findings of the first five studies through designing a new six-week ankle injury prevention programme, which investigated the effects of training two groups of professional soccer players in either a non-fatigued or a fatigued state of performance, with measures of postural stability, GPS, Force Plate and Qualisys measured during the SAFT90, pre and post intervention. Findings indicated that performing the new ankle injury prevention programme helps to improve performance parameters and mechanisms associated with postural stability and functional movement, whilst also highlighting improvements in movement efficiency. However, whether the ankle injury prevention programme was conducted pre or post training had no significant effect on measures of postural stability performance or mechanical responses associated with soccer match play. The findings of these studies provide a novel insight into the aetiological mechanisms associated with ankle sprain injury in healthy male soccer players, adopting a multi-modal rather than univariate approach. This suggests that tasks used to screen athletes are discrete in nature, thus emphasising the need for a multi-modal battery of tests. Furthermore, they demonstrate that KT and the SAFT60 improve measures associated with injury risk. Additionally a new and novel multi-modal training programme over a six-week period can improve measures of postural stability and locomotive mechanics during soccer simulations, thus potentially reducing injury risk in healthy male soccer players.

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4

Waddington, Gordon. "Movement discrimination at the ankle". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2000. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27743.

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In physiotherapy the management of ankle injuries and their sequelae so that the best quality of movement is achieved constitutes an important problem. In order to study movements made at the ankle, an apparatus was developed which enabled active movement extent discrimination judgements to be made when subjects were subjects were standing upright. A movement discrimination task was selected for movements made at the ankle joint, based upon earlier upper limb research. In normal weight— bearing, looking ahead, subjects made a discrete ankle movement at a steady pace until stopped by an experimenter—placed constraint. They then were asked to compare this with a second movement and say which of the two was longer (method of constant stimuli), or to identify which out of a previously presented set of five possible extents the current movement was (method of absolute judgements). Measures of their ability to differentiate movement extents were then obtained using the procedures of probit analysis or signal detection analysis.

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5

Hahn, Hayley M. "The effect of sex differences and hormone fluctuation on ankle stability and function /". Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1241454458.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Toledo, 2009.
Typescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for The Masters of Science degree in Exercise Science." "A thesis entitled"--at head of title. Bibliography: leaves 51-54.

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6

Schomacker, Travis. "Prevention of Ankle Sprains". Otterbein University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=otbn1594309347027123.

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7

House, Ellen Margaret. "The association between pediatric overweight and ankle injuries a case-control analysis /". [New Haven, Conn. : s.n.], 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-12022008-135129.

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8

Al, Adal Saeed. "Pain in people with chronic ankle instability". Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/23244.

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Pain is one of the commonly reported impairments in participants with chronic ankle instability (CAI). The findings of this thesis showed that the prevalence of pain was high in participants with CAI. Persistent ankle pain was significantly associated with some characteristics of CAI and included ankle instability, age, and unilateral ankle sprain. When participants with CAI and pain were compared to other participants (CAI without pain, health, coper), there was no difference between groups on the primary outcome measures (Balance perturbation, limb literality recognition test). However, participants with CAI and pain showed a significantly lower score in the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) (low functional level). Although there was a high frequency of reported ankle pain, the characteristics of this pain was not clearly understood. The central and peripheral nociceptive pathways could play a significant role in the existence and persistence of ankle pain. Therefore, we used the quantitative sensory testing (QST) as a psychophysical testing to provide broad information about pain perception and central sensitization. Significant differences were found in participants with CAI and pain compared to other CAI participants without pain in Heat Pain Threshold (HPT), Vibration Detection Test (VDT), and Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM). These differences suggest reorganization of nervous system and central nociplastic changes. Future longitudinal studies are required to investigate how pain may impact in quality of life and include specific psychological questionnaires for ankle injuries.

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9

Mkandawire, Chimbaugona. "The relationship between viscoelastic relaxation and ligament morphometry /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8052.

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10

Skelton, Deborah. "The effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on acute ankle sprains /". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31140.

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This study investigated the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on acute ankle injuries and determined if HBO therapy shortened time to recovery, decreased edema and pain, and increased range of motion and strength of the ankle. Subjects were randomly assigned to either an experimental (HBO) group (n = 4) or a control group (n = 4). All subjects received the same standardized physical therapy for lateral ankle sprains at the McGill Sport Medicine Clinic. The HBO group received 5 consecutive HBO treatments at 2.5 ATA for 90 minutes starting within 24 hours post injury. The control group received no HBO treatments. All subjects were evaluated by a physician within 24 hours of injury. All subjects suffered a second-degree lateral ankle sprain. Pain, range of motion, strength, volume displacement, and function were evaluated on the day of injury (Day 1), on Day 6 post injury, and on the day of return to play (Day RTP). There was no significant difference in time to return to play. However, the HBO group (25.5 +/- 11.6 days) did return 31% faster than the control group (36.8 +/- 19.4 days). There were no differences found between groups on the variables. There was a decrease in pain found over time (Day 1 was 57 mm, Day 6 was 18.5 mm, and Day RTP was 7 mm). The results of this study suggest that with treatment of HBO there is no effect on ankle sprains for return to play or improved function.

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11

Ludcke, Justin A. "Modelling of inflatable rescue boats (IRBs) in surf conditions to reduce injuries". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2001.

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The Inflatable Rescue Boat (IRB) is arguably the most effective rescue tool used by the Australian surf lifesavers. The exceptional features of high mobility and rapid response have enabled it to become an icon on Australia's popular beaches. However, the IRB's extensive use within an environment that is as rugged as it is spectacular, has led it to become a danger to those who risk their lives to save others. Epidemiological research revealed lower limb injuries to be predominant, particularly the right leg. The common types of injuries were fractures and dislocations, as well as muscle or ligament strains and tears. The concern expressed by Surf Life Saving Queensland (SLSQ) and Surf Life Saving Australia (SLSA) led to a biomechanical investigation into this unique and relatively unresearched field. The aim of the research was to identify the causes of injury and propose processes that may reduce the instances and severity of injury to surf lifesavers during IRB operation. Following a review of related research, a design analysis of the craft was undertaken as an introduction to the craft, its design and uses. The mechanical characteristics of the vessel were then evaluated and the accelerations applied to the crew in the IRB were established through field tests. The data were then combined and modelled in the 3-D mathematical modelling and simulation package, MADYMO. A tool was created to compare various scenarios of boat design and methods of operation to determine possible mechanisms to reduce injuries. The results of this study showed that under simulated wave loading the boats flex around a pivot point determined by the position of the hinge in the floorboard. It was also found that the accelerations experienced by the crew exhibited similar characteristics to road vehicle accidents. Staged simulations indicated the attributes of an optimum foam in terms of thickness and density. Likewise, modelling of the boat and crew produced simulations that predicted realistic crew response to tested variables. Unfortunately, the observed lack of adherence to the SLSA footstrap Standard has impeded successful epidemiological and modelling outcomes. If uniformity of boat setup can be assured then epidemiological studies will be able to highlight the influence of implementing changes to the boat design. In conclusion, the research provided a tool to successfully link the epidemiology and injury diagnosis to the mechanical engineering design through the use of biomechanics. This was a novel application of the mathematical modelling software MADYMO. Other craft can also be investigated in this manner to provide solutions to the problem identified and therefore reduce risk of injury for the operators.

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12

THOMPSON, JOSHUA STEPHEN. "THE EFFECTS OF SHOES WITH REARFOOT AIR CELLS ON POSTURAL CONTROL ON HEALTHY MALE SUBJECTS". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1029269225.

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13

Hatzel, Brian M. "Effects of cryotherapy and ankle taping on mechanical power and velocity". Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1136705.

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Athletic trainers frequently are required to design rehabilitation and treatment programs for injured athletes. These treatment programs oftentimes involve the use of cryotherapy or ankle taping to create an optimal environment for healing. The purpose of this study was to identify the individual and simultaneous effects of ankle taping and cryotherapy on mechanical power and velocity.Sixteen (16) Division IA Baseball players (Age 20.53+/- 1.15 yrs, Wt 878.45+/105.68 N, Ht 1.85+/- 0.087 m) served as subjects for this study. Subjects met the following criteria: 1) all were asymptomatic from any lower extremity injury for at least six months prior to testing. 2) none had any known cold allergy (ie. hives, hypersensitivity to cold).This study utilized a counterbalanced repeated measures design, in which subjects participated in three treatments, cryotherapy, ankle taping and a combination treatment of cryotherapy and ankle taping. For the taping treatment, each subject was taped using a standard closed basket weave technique` with porous 1.5" cloth athletic tape (Johnson and Johnson, Coach). The cryotherapy treatment was administered a 20 minute ice immersion treatment at 10 deg Celsius to the leg and ankle. In the combination treatment, both treatments were administered with the ice immersion preceding ankle taping. The effects of these treatments on mechanical power and velocity were measured by a Kistler amplifier and force plate platform during a one leg standing vertical jump.The two-way repeated measures ANOVA's for power and velocity showed no significant interaction between cryotherapy, taping or combination treatment. However, significant pre-post treatment effects for power were discovered after cryotherapy and combination treatment. As a result of these findings, it is evident that immediate return to participation after cryotherapy or combination treatment will lead to decreases in muscular performance or injury.
School of Physical Education

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14

Wollin, Martin. "Sporting shoe and insole effects on ankle movement discrimination and hop test distance in athletes". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28977.

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Objectives: To determine whether textured shoe insoles have an effect on proprioception and lateral hopping. Secondly, to evaluate any effects that past history of lateral ankle sprain may have on the outcome measures. Thirdly to compare effects of two different types of textured insoles on the outcome measures. Design: Repeated measures. Setting: Laboratory setting. Participants: Thirteen male soccer players and five male basketball players. Outcome measures: .1. The Ankle Movement Extent Discrimination Apparatus (AMEDA) tested ankle inversion movement discrimination at the ankle as a measure of the use of proprioceptive information regarding the ankle. 2. The Maximal Width Hop Test (MWHT) was the performance test of ankle function. Results: Textured insoles had no significant effect on AMEDA results (p=.175). Foot condition had a significant effect on MWHT (Hop A, p=.022, Hop B, p=.016), with all shod conditions hopping further than barefoot. A past history of ankle injury did not affect AMEDA scores negatively (p=.492). Participants with a past history of ankle injury performed significantly better on Hop A (p=.003) and Hop B (p=.006). There was no significant difference between the two types of textured insoles, Hop A (t=.640, df=15, p=0.532) and Hop B (t=.145, df=15, p=0.887) and AMEDA (t=1.563, df=15, p=0.139). Conclusions: The athletes in this study were able to hop further in shoes with textured insoles and in shoes alone compared to barefoot. Ankle movement discrimination was not negatively affected by shoes, and the insertion of textured insoles did not have a significant positive effect on ankle movement discrimination testing in this group of subjects. The results from the MWHT demonstrated that subjects with past history of lateral ankle sprain hopped a greater distance than their non-injured peers. The two different types of textured insole did not perform significantly different.

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15

Kivioja, Jouko. "Patient-related aspects on WAD /". Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-956-0/.

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16

Wilhelm, Sarah E. "Using Functional Performance Assessment Tools to Predict Ankle Injuries in High School Football and Basketball Athletes". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1396518848.

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17

Koperna, Lisa. "Sport-Related Concussion and Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Injuries in High School Athletes". ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4740.

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Sport-related injuries (SRI) can be foreseen and averted when mechanisms and risk factors are completely understood. An appreciation of the relationship between sport-related concussion (SRC) and lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries (LEMI) is emerging amid professional and collegiate athletes. However, findings of such a relationship in adults may not be generalizable to younger populations, and the literature has not addressed this relationship in adolescents. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to examine the relationship between SRC and LEMI in high school athletes. The dynamic model of etiology in sport injury provided the study's conceptual framework. A de-identified secondary dataset of high school athletic injuries was obtained from the Athletic Training Practice Based Rehab Network and analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Concussions, knee sprains, and ankle sprains represented about 12%, 17%, and 70%, respectively, of the 1,613 cases in the dataset. Chi-square tests revealed that SRCs, and the number of SRCs, were associated with knee sprains [(p < .001), Cramer's V = .148] and ankle sprains [(p < .001), Cramer's V = .545]. This study may promote positive social change by prompting further retrospective and prospective studies to clarify whether a relationship exists between SRC and LEMI in high school athletes, and if so, whether this relationship is causal in nature. New knowledge may be used to guide practices and policies to reduce sports injuries in high school athletes, which may lead to fewer SRIs among adolescents, fewer school absences, more physical activity, and better health and well-being throughout the lifespan, thereby promoting a more active, productive, and healthy society.

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18

Comer, Shawn. "A comparison of the protective characteristics of selected ankle braces". Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845941.

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The purpose of this study was to compare the protective characteristics of four different ankle braces and one form of ankle taping. An inversion and plantar flexion platform was used to induce ankle movements. The subjects used in this study consisted of 10 volunteer male students. The subjects had no sprains five months prior to testing. All subjects were tested in the same size 10 shoes, high tops and low tops. A Certified Athletic Trainer applied all ankle braces and ankle tapings. A closed basketweave with heel locks, adherent spray, and pre-wrap was used for all taping conditions.After the application of the ankle braces or taping, each subject performed two tests on the inversion and plantar flexion platform. A random order was used among the subjects. An ankle inversion platform was modified to induce 30 degrees of inversion and 35 degrees of plantar flexion simultaneously. The subjects will be filmed using a Locam 16mm at 200 frame/second. All subjects were filmed from the posterior plane with markings on the posterior aspect of the lower leg to help analyze the movement at the subtalar joint. A Calcomp 9100 series digitizer that was interfaced with a VAX computer was used to analyze the data and calculate the amount of angular displacement at the subtalar joint. An ANOVA with repeated measures was used to determine significant differences between support techniques. University procedures for the protection of human subjects was followed. ANOVA procedures indicated no significant difference in angular displacement between braces. A statistical analysis indicated that low top shoes provided significantly more support than high top shoes in braced ankles.
School of Physical Education

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19

Harwin, Lauren Sandra. "Ankle kinematics and ground reaction force during single leg drop landing in sports participants with chronic groin pain". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86520.

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Thesis (MScPhysio)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Aims: This study aims to ascertain if there are differences in ankle kinematics and ground reaction force in sports participants with chronic groin pain compared to healthy controls. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study design was used. Twenty participants - 10 cases with chronic groin pain and 10 healthy controls participated. The 10 cases included participants with unilateral pain (n=7) and bilateral pain (n=3). For analysis, the bilateral pain group was divided into the most and less painful side. The study was conducted at the FNB 3D Motion Analysis Laboratory, Stellenbosch University. Sagittal plane kinematics and VGRF was analysed during a single leg drop landing. Results: The group with unilateral groin pain had a higher peak force compared to the matched side of the controls. The bilateral pain groups had less plantarflexion at foot contact (most affected p=<0.001; least affected p=<0.001) and total range of motion (p=<0.05) compared to the control group. The bilaterally injured groin pain groups demonstrated less peak force when compared to controls. Conclusion: This is the first study to indicate alterations in ankle kinematics and VGRF and that these changes are more apparent in sports participants with bilateral pain. Less range of motion during the landing task illustrated by the bilateral pain group suggests less effective force absorption of the distal segments. In the bilateral groups it suggests that force attenuation may have occurred high up the kinetic chain which may place more strain on the groin. Clinically rehabilitation of the athlete with chronic groin pain should include the distal segments of the lower limb. Further research should be conducted in larger groups.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Doelstellings: Hierdie studie poog om vas te stel of daar verskille in enkelbeweging en grondvloer-reaksiekrag is in deelnemers van sport met chroniese liespyn in vergelyking met gesonde kontrole deelnemers. Metode: ‘n Deursnee beskrywende studieontwerp is gebruik. Twintig deelnemers, 10 gevalle met chroniese liespyn en 10 gesonde kontrole het deelgeneem. Die 10 gevalle het ingesluit deelnemers met eensydige pyn (n=7) en bilaterale pyn (n=3). Vir die analise, is die bilaterale pyngroep verdeel in die mees en mins geaffekteerde kant. Die studie is gedoen by die FNB3D Beweginsanalise-laboratorium, Universiteit van Stellenbosch. Sagitaal-platvlak kinematiek en vertikale reaksiekrag is geanaliseer gedurende ‘n enkele beenlanding. Resultate: Die groep met eensydige liespyn het ‘n hoër piekkrag gehad in vergelyking met dieselfde kant van die kontrolegroep. Die bilaterale pyngroep het minder plantaarfleksie met voetkontak getoon (mees geaffekteer p=<0.001; minste geaffekteer p=<0.001) en totale beweginsomvang (p=<0.05) in vergelyking met die kontrolegroep. Die bilateraal-liesbeseringsgroep het minder piekkrag getoon in vergelyking met die kontrolegroep. Gevolgtrekking: Hierdie is die eerste studie om veranderings in enkelbeweging en grondreaksiekrag aan te toon, asook dat hierdie veranderinge meer opvallend is in persone wat aan sport deelneem wat bilaterale pyn ondervind. Verminderde beweginsomvang gedurende die landingstaak deur die bilaterale pyngroep suggereer minder effektiewe kragabsorpsie van die distale segmente. In die bilaterale groep suggereer dit dat kragvermindering waarskynlik hoog op die kinematiese ketting voorgekom het wat weer meer stremming op die lies plaas. Kliniese rehabilitasie van die atleet met chroniese pyn behoort die distale segmente van die onderste ledemaat in te sluit. Verdere navorsing behoort in groter groepe uitgevoer te word.

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20

Stiell, Ian Gilmour. "A study to develop clinical decision rules for the emergency department use of radiography in acute ankle injuries". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7785.

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This study was performed in two phases. The goal of Phase 0 was to determine the current use of radiography in ankle injury patients in two large university hospitals. The goal of Phase I was to develop clinical decision rules that are sensitive for detecting significant fractures in adult ankle injury patients. All 70 significant fractures found in the 689 ankle x-ray series performed were identified among people who had pain near the malleoli and who either: (1) were age 55 or greater, or (2) had localized bone tenderness of the posterior edge or tip of either malleolus, or (3) were unable to bear weight both immediately after the injury and in the emergency department. Combining these four predictors yielded a decision rule that was 100% sensitive and 40.1% specific for detecting ankle fractures, and would allow a reduction of 36.0% of ankle x-ray series ordered. This study confirmed that the majority of ankle injury patients are currently being referred for radiography but that the yield of the x-rays for fracture is relatively low. Decision rules may permit clinicians to confidently reduce the number of x-rays ordered in adult ankle injury patients and thereby reduce unnecessary costs to the health care system. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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21

Vasconcelos, Gabriela Souza de. "Efeitos do treinamento proprioceptivo sobre o controle neurofuncional e a incidência de lesões e de entorses de tornozelo em esgrimistas : um ensaio clínico". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/168833.

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Introdução: A esgrima é um esporte de agilidade, com maior incidência de lesões em membros inferiores, sendo a entorse de tornozelo a mais prevalente. A prevenção de lesões é muito importante para melhorar o desempenho e diminuir o tempo de afastamento dos atletas. Programas de treinamento proprioceptivo podem ser acrescentados aos treinamentos dos atletas, visto que além da fácil aplicação e do baixo custo, a propriocepção tem a função de estabilizar a articulação do tornozelo, prevenindo lesões. Objetivo: Verificar a influência de um programa de treinamento proprioceptivo de 12 semanas sobre o controle neurofuncional e a incidência de lesões em atletas de esgrima. Materiais e Métodos: O estudo foi um ensaio clínico randomizado, com atletas de esgrima, de 14 a 35 anos, de um clube poliesportivo de Porto Alegre/RS, e desenvolvido em seis etapas: familiarização, pré intervenção, intervenção, pós intervenção, follow up de três e seis meses. Na primeira etapa foi feita a familiarização com o teste de força e o registro das lesões ocorridas no ano anterior. Na etapa pré intervenção foi avaliada a instabilidade funcional por meio do Cumberland Ankle Instability Tools (CAIT); força muscular de inversores, eversores, dorsiflexores e plantiflexores do tornozelo através do dinamômetro isocinético; o tempo de reação dos mesmos músculos durante o Lunge Test; o controle neuromuscular durante a Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) e o desempenho no Drop Vertical Jump Test (DVJT). Na intervenção os atletas realizaram o treinamento proprioceptivo durante 12 semanas, três vezes por semana, com duração de 30 minutos. No pós intervenção, no follow up de três e seis meses foram realizados os mesmos testes do pré intervenção e o registro da incidência das lesões ocorridas nesses intervalos de tempo. Para análise estatística, os dados foram apresentados em média e erro padrão, submetidos ao teste de Equações de Estimativas Generalizadas com post hoc de Bonferroni. O nível de significância foi de 0,05. Resultados: Em relação à instabilidade funcional de tornozelo, o CAIT demonstrou que os atletas tinham instabilidade no momento pré intervenção e a mesma permaneceu ao longo dos quatro momentos de avaliação nos dois grupos. A força muscular de inversores e plantiflexores diminuiu significativamente, a de eversores não diferiu e a de dorsiflexores aumentou significativamente na perna da frente do grupo intervenção (GI). No grupo controle (GC) houve diminuição significativa da força de todos os músculos avaliados na perna da frente e de trás. Na perna de trás do GI apenas a força de inversores teve alterações, com diminuição significativa. A razão convencional de eversores/inversores e dorsiflexores/plantiflexores aumentou significativamente na perna da frente do GI e não diferiu na perna de trás desse grupo, enquanto que no GC houve diminuição significativa da razão de dorsiflexores/plantiflexores na perna da frente. A razão funcional de eversores/inversores aumentou significativamente na perna da frente dos dois grupos. A razão funcional de eversores/inversores da perna de trás, assim como de dorsiflexores/plantiflexores das duas pernas, não diferiu nos dois grupos. O tempo de reação do tibial anterior não diferiu em nenhum dos grupos e em nenhuma das pernas, o do tibial posterior aumentou na perna da frente do GI e do fibular longo e do gastrocnêmio lateral diminuiu significativamente nos dois grupos. A distância alcançada na SEBT aumentou significativamente em todas as oito direções avaliadas nas duas pernas do GI e em algumas direções do GC. O desempenho nos saltos diminui significativamente no DVJT de 40cm e 50cm no GI e no DVJT de 30cm e 50cm no GC. A incidência de lesões diminuiu no GI do momento pré para o pós e aumentou no GC nesse mesmo período. Conclusão: O programa de treinamento proprioceptivo foi capaz de melhorar a força muscular dos dorsiflexores e o controle neuromuscular dinâmico, além de diminuir a incidência de lesões em atletas da esgrima, sem interferências nas demais variáveis.
Introduction: Fencing is a sport of agility, with a higher incidence of lower limb injuries, with ankle sprain being the most prevalent. Injury prevention is very important to improve performance and decrease the withdrawal time of athletes. Proprioceptive training programs can be added to the training of athletes, since in addition to easy application and low cost, proprioception has the function of stabilizing the ankle joint, preventing injuries. Objective: To verify the influence of a 12-week proprioceptive training program on neurofunctional control and the incidence of injuries in fencing athletes. Material and Methods: The study was a randomized clinical trial of 14 to 35 year old fencing athletes from a multi-sport club in Porto Alegre, Brazil, and developed in six stages: familiarization, pre intervention, intervention, post intervention, follow up three and six months. In the first stage the familiarization with the force test and the registry of the injuries occurred in the previous year was made. In the pre intervention stage, functional instability was evaluated through the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tools (CAIT), the muscular strength of the ankle inverters, eversors, dorsiflexors and plantiflexors through the isokinetic dynamometer was evaluated; the reaction time of the same muscles during the Lunge Test; the neuromuscular control during the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and the performance in the Drop Vertical Jump Test (DVJT). In the intervention, the athletes performed the proprioceptive training for 12 weeks, three times a week, lasting 30 minutes. In the post-intervention, at the follow up of three and six months, the same pre-intervention tests were performed and the incidence of lesions occurred at these time intervals. For statistical analysis, the data were presented in mean and standard error, submitted to the Generalized Estimates Equations test with Bonferroni post hoc. The level of significance was 0,05. Results: Regarding functional ankle instability, the CAIT demonstrated that the athletes had instability at the pre-intervention time and it remained throughout the four evaluation moments in both groups. The muscle strength of inverters and plantiflexors decreased significantly, that of eversors did not differ and that of dorsiflexors increased significantly in the front leg of the intervention group (IG). In the control group (CG) there was a significant decrease in the strength of all the muscles evaluated in the front and back legs. In the back leg of the IG only the inverter force had changes, with significant decrease. The conventional ratio of eversor/inverters and dorsiflexors/plantiflexors increased significantly in the front leg of the IG and did not differ in the hind leg of this group, whereas in CG there was a significant decrease in the ratio of dorsiflexors/plantiflexors in the front leg. The functional ratio of eversor/inverters increased significantly in the front leg of the two groups. The functional ratio of rear leg eversor/inverters, as well as dorsiflexors/plantiflexors of the two legs, did not differ in the two groups. The reaction time of the anterior tibial did not differ in any of the groups, nor in any of the legs, that of the posterior tibial increased in the front leg of the intervention group and the long fibular and lateral gastrocnemius decreased significantly in both groups The distance reached in the SEBT increased significantly in all eight directions evaluated in the two legs of the IG and in some directions of the control group. The performance in the jumps decreases significantly in the DVJT of 40cm and 50cm in the IG and in the DVJT of 30cm and 50cm in the CG. The incidence of lesions decreased in the IG from the pre-post to the post and increased in the CG in the same period. Conclusion: The proprioceptive training program was able to improve the muscular strength of the dorsiflexors and the dynamic neuromuscular control, besides reducing the incidence of injuries in fencing athletes, without interferences in the other variables.

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郝東方. "踝關節扭傷的針灸治療文獻研究". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2010. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1125.

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Rice, Hannah. "Potential mechanisms for the occurrence of tibial stress fractures, metatarsal stress fractures and ankle inversion injuries in Royal Marine recruits". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16947.

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Lower limb injury incidence is high amongst Royal Marine recruits. Tibial and metatarsal stress fractures are particularly problematic. The regular load carriage activities undertaken throughout training have been implicated, but mechanisms by which these injuries develop are poorly understood. The aim of this thesis was to improve understanding of the mechanisms by which the most prevalent Royal Marine training injuries develop. The first experimental chapter was a prospective study of 1065 Royal Marine recruits. Anthropometric and dynamic biomechanical variables (during barefoot running at 3.6 m.s-1) were recorded at the start of training. A smaller calf girth and bimalleolar breadth were found to predispose recruits to tibial stress fractures and ankle inversion injuries. Recruits who sustained tibial stress fractures demonstrated greater heel loading than those who remained injury-free. Recruits who sustained metatarsal stress fractures demonstrated later peak metatarsal pressures than those who remained injury-free. A review of the 32-week Royal Marine recruit training programme found an association between prolonged load carriage activities and injury occurrence. The second experimental study identified gait changes following a prolonged load carriage activity (12.8 km, 35.5 kg load). Biomechanical variables were recorded during barefoot running (3.6 m.s-1) in 32 recruits pre- and post-activity. Recruits demonstrated increased rearfoot loading, and later peak metatarsal pressures post-activity, indicative of a reduced ability to push-off. The final study examined the influence of the same load carriage activity on gait changes during walking (1.4 m.s-1) in 32 recruits, allowing assessment of the independent influence of load carriage. Kinetic and electromyographic variables provided further explanation of changes observed in the previous study. During load carriage there were increased plantar flexor and knee extensor moments and corresponding increases in muscle activity. There were reduced knee extensor moments, and evidence of plantar flexor muscle fatigue post-activity. A reduced ability to push off during stance due to muscular fatigue was suggested as a key contributor to tibial and metatarsal stress fracture development. This may explain the association between a smaller calf girth and tibial stress fracture development.

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Juozapavičius, Linas. "Kineziterapijos reikšmė 16-18 metų krepšininkų čiurnos traumų prevencijai". Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130910_155053-84834.

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Čiurnos traumos yra viena iš labiausiai paplitusių traumų, kurią žmonės patiria sportuodami ir pramogaudami. Lietuvoje per metus daugiau nei 20 000 žmonių dėl šių patempimų kreipiasi į gydytojus. Apskaičiuota, kad Jungtinėse Amerikos Valstijose, per dieną čiurnos traumų įvyksta apytiksliai 23000 atvejų. Tai reiškia, kad per dieną čiurnos raiščius pasitempia 1 žmogus iš 10000. Šoninis čiurnos raiščių pažeidimas dažniausiai įvyksta, esant pėdos lenkimui ir pėdos inversijai, visiškai plyšta vienas ar daugiau šoninių raiščių. Kiekvienas raiščių patempimas, kai čiurnos sąnario judesių amplitudė buvo viršyta, sukelia stabilizuojamų audinių pažeidimą, kraujavimą, tinimą, jautrumą. Hipotezė: manome, kad kineziterapija galėtų sumažinti čiurnos traumų skaičių krepšininkams ir sutrumpinti sveikimo periodą po čiurnos traumų. Darbo tikslas : išanalizuoti 16-18 metų krepšininkų čiurnos traumų priežastis ir kineziterapijos reikšmę traumų prevencijoje. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Išanalizuoti dažniausiai pasitaikančias 16-18 metų krepšininkų čiurnos traumas 2. Įvertinti minkštojo įtvaro poveikį čiurnos traumoms. 3. Įvertinti kineziterapijos reikšmę čiurnos traumų prevencijai. Tyrimo metodai: Tyrimas buvo atlikas 2012-2013 metais Všį „Sabonio krepšinio centre“. Tyrime dalyvavo 50 atsitiktiniu būdu atrinkti 16-18 metų amžiaus krepšinį sportuojantys paaugliai. Anketos buvo išdalintos kiekvienam asmeniškai, supažindinta su tyrimo tikslais, jų rezultatų panaudojimu. Apklausa buvo vykdyta norint... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Ankle injuries are among the most common injuries that people suffer sporting and recreational activities. Lithuania during the year, more than 20,000 people on these sprains are turning to doctors. It is estimated that in the United States, a day ankle injuries occur in approximately 23,000 cases. This means that 1 person from 10000th had a sprained ankle ligaments during the day. Lateral ankle ligaments usually occurs at the foot bending and foot inversion, complete tear of one or more lateral ligaments. Each ligament sprain, the ankle joint range of motion is exceeded, causing stabilizing tissue damage, bleeding, swelling, tenderness. Hypothesis: We believe that physical therapy could reduce the number of ankle injuries in basketball players and shorten the recovery period after an ankle injury. The aim of research: to analyze the 16-18 basketball players ankle injury causes and significance of physical therapy injury prevention. The goals of research: 1. To analyze the most common 16-18 basketball players ankle injury 2. To evaluate the effects of taping for ankle injury. 3. To evaluate the importance of physical therapy to prevent ankle injuries. Methods of research: Research was carried out in 2012-2013 Všį "Sabonis basketball center. The study involved 50 randomly selected 16-18 year old basketball exercisers teenagers. Questionnaires were handed out to each person, acquainted with the purpose of investigating the use of their results. The survey was conducted to... [to full text]

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Simpson, Helene. "Physiotherapeutic management of acute ankle sprains : a survey of clinical practice in the Western Cape and comparison thereof to evidence based guidelines". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85818.

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Thesis (MScPhysio)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Ankle sprains are reportedly the most common lower limb injury amongst active individuals. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether treatment interventions employed by physiotherapists during the first week of functional rehabilitation of an ankle sprain, at primary care level, were aligned with evidence-based guidelines for acute ankle sprains. Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Participants: A total of 91 physiotherapists from the Western Cape Metropole (WCM) completed questionnaires. Method: Physiotherapists' treatment interventions were recorded based on a case study of a typical moderately sprained ankle. According to classification of the West Point Ankle Grading System, a moderate sprain is a partial macroscopic tear of the ligaments with moderate pain, swelling and tenderness with some loss of motion and mild to moderate instability of the joint. Anticipated return to sport is two to six weeks. Relative occurrence of selected interventions during the first week of rehabilitation was calculated. Chi-square tests were used to compare differences between physiotherapists' responses and the recommendations of the practice guidelines. Results: Physiotherapists' overall selections of treatment interventions were in alignment with the "Koninklijk Nederlands Genootschap voor Fysiotherapie" (KNGF) guidelines and correlated positively to the recommendations stipulated by KNGF therein. Physiotherapists indicated many interventions for which good evidence exists: compression, cryotherapy, early mobilisation, and neuromuscular exercises. It is of concern that 49% – 91% (n = 91) physiotherapists indicated some form of manual mobilisations for which there is a lack of evidence, and more than two-thirds indicated the application of an electrotherapy intervention, which is not recommended in the guidelines. Conclusion: Physiotherapists should reconsider interventions for which there is no evidence as this may reduce cost of care, without compromising patient outcomes.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Verslae dui daarop dat verstuite enkels die mees algemene besering van die onderste ledemaat van aktiewe persone is. Doelwit: Die doel van hierdie ondersoek was om vas te stel of fisioterapeute in primere gesondheidsorg se keuse van rehabilitasie tegnieke gedurende die eerste week van funksionele rehabilitasie na 'n enkel besering, op koers is met bewysgebaseerde kliniese riglyne in die hantering van akute enkel beserings. Ontwerp: 'n Beskrywende deursnit ondersoek is geloods. Deelnemers: 'n Vooraf opgestelde vraelys is deur 91 fisioterapeute in die Weskaapse metropool voltooi. Metodiek: 'n Gevalle studie is aangebied van 'n tipiese matige verstuite enkel. Die respondent moes hulle tegnieke in die hantering van die geval aandui. Volgens die klassifikasie van die “West Point Grading System” word so 'n verstuiting gekenmerk deur makroskopiese gedeeltelike skeur van die enkel ligamente, matige pyn, swelsel en tasteerheid van die area. Dit gaan gepaard met 'n effense verlies van beweging en stabiliteit van die gewrig. Die prognose vir so 'n besering om na sport terug te keer is om en by twee tot ses weke. Die insidensie van aanwending van geselekteerde metodes van behandeling gedurende die eerste week en die verhouding met die vooraf geselekteerde behandelings riglyne opgestel deur die “Koninklijk Nederlands Genootschap voor Fysiotherapie” (KNGF) is bereken en ontleed. Die “Chi-square” toets is gebruik om die verskil te bereken tussen die respons van die Fisioterapeute en die aanbevelings van die kliniese riglyne. Resultate: Oorkoepelend is die keuses van behandelings tegnieke deur die fisioterapeute in lyn met die riglyne van die 'Koninklijk Nederlands Genootschap voor Fysiotherapie' (KNGF). Verskeie sinvolle behandelings is gekies waarvoor daar positiewe aanduidings was, byvoorbeeld: lokale kompressie, ys terapie, en oefeninge. Dit is egter kommerwekkend dat 49 – 91% (n=91) van die deelnemers 'n manuele tegniek ingesluit het waar daar tans gebrekkige aanduidings voor bestaan. Verder, het meer as twee derdes van die fisioterapeute aangedui dat hulle elektroterapie sou gebruik wat nie in riglyne aanbeveel word nie. Gevolgtrekking: Fisioterapeute moet die gebruik van tegnieke waarvoor daar nie duidelike bewyse in die literatuur bestaan nie, heroorweeg, want dit mag die koste van behandeling verminder, sonder om die positiewe resultate van herstel, negatief te beinvloed.

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Rawlinson, Alice Jane. "Cross sectional study to determine whether there are central nervous system changes in rugby players who have sustained recurrent ankle injuries". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25391.

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Background: Rugby is a popular game played around the world and has one of the highest recorded injury rates in sport. The literature exposes ankle injuries as one of the most common areas injured in sport and this trend carries through in rugby too, with lateral ankle sprains predominating. Recurrent ankle injuries are commonly reported in the literature and account for high economic and social burden. There are many intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors credited with causing lateral ankle injuries but to date the literature does not show conclusive evidence for management and prevention of recurrent injuries. A new area of research that has not previously been explored is the neurological influence on recurrent injury. Central processing is a recognised form of learning seen in adults and children during normal development and training and more recently acknowledged in injury settings. This phenomenon has also been seen in abnormal states of development such as neglect and chronic pain. Central Nervous System Changes In Recurrent Ankle Injuries In Rugby Player 2 Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are changes in the central nervous system of rugby players with recurrent ankle injuries. Methods: An experimental and control group was used for this cross sectional study. Participants were recruited from the Golden Lions Rugby Union. Forty-six players in total were recruited. The control group consisted of 22 players, and the recurrent injury group consisted of 24 players. Medical and Sports History Questionnaire was administered as well as a battery of four physical test procedures. The questionnaire asked participants to provide information regarding demographics, playing position, training and playing history, current general health, current and previous injury history, and specifically ankle injury history. The four testing procedures were: body image testing, laterality testing, two point discrimination testing and pressure-pain threshold testing. Results: The results were collected and recorded. Between group and within group comparisons were made for the control and recurrent injury groups. From the Medical and Sports History Questionnaire the results indicated that the recurrent injury group participated in a significantly shorter preseason training period compared to the control group. The laterality testing within group analysis had a significant difference, the injured side had a slower recognition time [1.4(1.3-1.6)] compared to the uninjured side [1.3(1.15-1.5) Central Nervous System Changes In Recurrent Ankle Injuries In Rugby Player 3 p<0.01]. Pressure pain threshold testing produced a significant difference for the control group on the ATFL test site and the PTFL site. The PTFL site also demonstrated significant difference in the between group comparison analysis. The results from the two point discrimination testing and the body image testing produced interesting results. The two point discrimination tests performed on the both the recurrent injury group and the control group using within group comparison showed significant differences on the anterior talofibular ligament between the affected and nonaffected limbs. The between group test result were also significant for the injured vs control side at the ATFL site. The affected side showed a poorer ability to differentiate between one and two points, needing a bigger area before two points were distinguished from one. Similarly, body image testing showed significant differences in the within group comparison of total area drawn for the recurrent injury group only. In the recurrent injury group, the drawing of the affected foot was significantly larger than the drawing of the unaffected side. The control group showed no differences between sides. Conclusion: The study recommends that there is a relationship between central nervous system changes in recurrent ankle injuries in the sample group of professional rugby players. The data indicates that preseason length is a factor to be considered in recurrent ankle injuries. The clinical tests focussed specifically on central nervous system changes also produced some illuminating results. The recurrent injury group demonstrated significant difference between injured and uninjured sides in both two point discrimination testing of the ATFL ligaments and in the body image drawing of the foot and ankle. The control group in contrast didn't yield any differences between sides for these same tests. The pressure pain testing and laterality testing producing significant results also indicate the central nervous system involvement in recurrent injury.

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Wells, Lauren Michelle. "A comparative study of positive versus negative polarity in the treatment of acute ankle sprains utilizing high voltage electrogalvanic stimulation". Scholarly Commons, 1986. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2122.

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Electrical stimulation has long been used in the treatment of a variety of ailments. Its current uses range from muscle re-education and orthotic substitute to scoliosis management and edema control. I chose to study the effect of electrode polarity in high voltage electrogalvanic stimulation in the treatment of edema for several reasons. I had access to subjects because I was the only physical therapist at the Stockton Orthopedic Medical Group. High voltage electrogalvanic stimulation is a commonly used modality in treating edema (Brown, 1981). High voltage generators have a polarity switch, and the direction manual which accompanies the Electro-Med generator used by the Stockton Orthopedic Medical Group states that the negative pole should be used for edema reduction. (Instruction manual for high voltage Electrogalvanic Stimulator, 1977). However, the effect of electrode polarity on edema reduction has not been demonstrated, nor documented in the literature.

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Fortes, Carlos Rodrigo do Nascimento. "Estudo epidemiológico da entorse de tornozelo em atletas de voleibol de alto rendimento". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-24012007-161700/.

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O objetivo desta pesquisa foi caracterizar o último episódio de entorse de tornozelo em atletas de voleibol de alto rendimento. Participaram inicialmente deste estudo, entre os meses janeiro de 2003 e março de 2004, 114 atletas, do sexo masculino, atuantes na categoria adulta de 9 equipes, todas participantes da Divisão Especial ou Primeira Divisão do Campeonato Paulista de Voleibol. Dos 114 atletas inicialmente analisados, 21 relataram não ter sofrido nenhuma lesão nos tornozelos, portanto, seguindo os critérios de exclusão, foram analisados 93 episódios de última entorse de tornozelo de 93 atletas. Os mesmos foram entrevistados de maneira oral e individual pelo pesquisador executante, seguindo a seqüência do questionário pré-estabelecido. Foi encontrada diferença significante na correlação entre a fase da competição e a causa da entorse bem como na relação entre a posição de atuação do atleta e o fundamento realizado no momento da lesão. Apesar dos demais itens propostos nos objetivos não terem apresentado diferença significante, os resultados indicaram que 74,2% das entorses ocorreram por mecanismo de inversão, sendo, que a maioria das recidivas também ocorreram durante este movimento. A posição oposto foi a mais acometida e o fundamento bloqueio foi o que mais ocasionou entorses. Quanto as possíveis causas do trauma, a maioria aconteceu com a participação de um segundo atleta e a fase em que mais ocorreu lesão foi o treinamento. Referente à prevenção, após o último episódio de lesão, houve um aumento no uso de proteção do tipo tornozeleira, atingindo 68,9% do total de atletas.
The purpose of this research is to characterize the last ankle sprain episode occurred with volleyball high performance athletes. From January 2003 to March 2004, 114 male athletes from 9 adult category teams of the Special and First Division of São Paulo State Volleyball Championship participated of this study. From the 114 athletes analyzed, 21 have reported no ankle sprains, thus, the last 93 episodes of ankle sprain from 93 athletes were analysed following exclusion criteria. They have been individually interviewed by the researcher, following a pre-established questionnaire. A meaningful difference was found in the correlation between the competition phase and the ankle sprain cause, as well as, in the relation between the athlete?s acting position and the movement made at the injury moment. Despite the other items proposed in the objectives have not presented any significant difference, the results indicated that 74,2% of the injuries occurred due the inversion mechanism and most of the repeated ankle sprains have also occurred during this movement. The opposite position was the most affected and the blocking movement was the one that caused the most injuries. As regards the possible causes of the injuries, most of the sprains occurred when a second athlete was involved and most of them during the training period. Concerning prevention, the use of the safety protection, such as orthesis, has increased reaching 68,9% of the total athletes.

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Prado, Marcelo Pires. "Estudo comparativo, prospectivo e randomizado do resultado de duas formas de tratamento clínico das lesões ligamentares primárias agudas e graves do tornozelo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-03122013-114435/.

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Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo a avaliação dos resultados funcionais, e da incidência da instabilidade articular mecânica, resultantes do tratamento clínico das lesões ligamentares primárias, agudas e graves do tornozelo (associada a instabilidade articular). Esta lesão é extremamente frequente e acomete indivíduos jovens, economicamente e fisicamente ativos, causando prejuízos pessoais e econômicos importantes. Existe dificuldade no adequado diagnóstico e heterogeneidade na escolha da melhor forma de tratamento. Materiais e métodos: Foram incluídos neste estudo 186 pacientes portadores de lesão ligamentar aguda grave do tornozelo. A amostra foi randomizada em dois grupos de tratamento clínico. Os pacientes incluídos no grupo A foram tratados com uso de imobilização suro podálica imediata (RobofootR), carga permitida conforme tolerado, analgesia, gelo, elevação e mobilização leve da articulação do tornozelo por três semanas. Em seguida foram imobilizados com órtese curta funcional (AircastR esportivo) por mais três semanas, e encaminhado para programa de reabilitação fisioterápico. No grupo B os pacientes foram imobilizados no primeiro atendimento com órtese curta funcional (AircastR esportivo), a carga foi permitida conforme tolerado, analgesia, gelo, elevação e mobilização leve da articulação realizadas por três semanas, e em seguida foram encaminhados para programa de tratamento fisioterápico, como no grupo A. Os pacientes são avaliados clínica e radiograficamente para determinar a limitação funcional nas diversas fases do processo cicatricial, e a presença de instabilidade residual nos tornozelos. Resultados: Não encontramos diferença significativa com relação à evolução para instabilidade mecânica entre os grupos. Da mesma forma não houve diferença na incidência de dor, mas a avaliação através do método de pontuação da Associação Americana dos Cirurgiões de pé e tornozelo (AOFAS) mostrou melhores resultados nos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento com órtese funcional (grupo B). Conclusões: O tratamento das lesões ligamentares graves através do uso de órtese funcional tem melhores resultados do que o tratamento com órtese rígida. A incidência de instabilidade crônica foi muito pequena nos dois grupos
Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate functional results and the incidence of mechanical ankle instability, following conservative treatment of the first episode involving severe lateral ankle ligamentar lesions (with articular instability). This common lesion most often affects young, professional and physically active patients, causing serious personal and economic consequences. Adequate diagnosis is challenging and treatment alternatives for these lesions vary considerably. Methods and cases: 186 patients with severe lateral ankle ligamentar lesions were included in this study. Patients were randomized in two conservative treatment option groups. In group A, patients were treated with long ankle orthosis (RobofootR), comfortable weight bearing allowed, pain management, ice and elevation with restricted joint mobilization for three weeks. After this, they were placed in a short, functional orthosis (AircastR) for an additional three weeks period, with rehabilitation program commencing. In group B, patients were initially immobilized using a functional orthosis (sportive AircastR), and followed the above mentioned sequences for patients in group A. Patients were clinically and radiographically evaluated to determine the functional deficit in each phase, and the presence of ankle residual instability. Results: No significant differences were found in relation to the residual mechanical ankle instability between both groups. Additionally no differences were found in pain intensity, however, the functional evaluation using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle and hind foot score system showed better results in the functional orthosis treatment group (group B). Conclusions: The treatment of severe lateral ankle ligamentar lesions, using functional orthosis, has shown better results over those treated with a rigid orthosis, and both methods presented a very low incidence of residual chronic instability

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Soglia, Pietro. "La propriocezione come strumento di prevenzione e di trattamento della distorsione di caviglia nella pallavolo. Scoping Review". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/25935/.

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Background La distorsione di caviglia è l’infortunio più frequente tra i pallavolisti e causa una lontananza dai campi da gioco dell’atleta per diverso tempo. Clinicamente è caratterizzata da 3 gradi di lesione e in base al differente meccanismo lesivo colpisce determinate aree e strutture, in particolare è stato riportato da diversi studi che la distorsione di caviglia porta a una diminuzione della funzionalità propriocettiva. Questo deficit predispone il pallavolista ad un maggiore rischio di recidiva facilitando la formazione di una instabilità cronica di caviglia. Obiettivo L’obiettivo di questa Scoping Review è analizzare le evidenze scientifiche presenti in letteratura riguardo l’efficacia di interventi propriocettivi come strumento di prevenzione e trattamento delle distorsioni di caviglia nella pallavolo ponendo come outcome una riduzione dell’incidenza su una recidiva di infortunio. Materiali e metodi Nel periodo dicembre 2021-marzo 2022 sono state esplorate le seguenti banche dati: PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro e Trip Database. Dalla ricerca sono stati selezionati 3 articoli coerenti con il quesito di ricerca e i criteri di inclusione che indagavano l’intervento preventivo propriocettivo sulle distorsioni di caviglia nei pallavolisti. Risultati Gli studi mostrano miglioramenti statisticamente significativi nei pallavolisti che effettuano il trattamento preventivo utilizzando una balance board propriocettiva nelle distorsioni di caviglia. I giocatori di pallavolo con una storia precedente di distorsione hanno un beneficio maggiore, rispetto agli atleti che non hanno subito infortuni di caviglia, in seguito a questo intervento di prevenzione. Conclusioni Nei pallavolisti con distorsione di caviglia l’intervento propriocettivo si è dimostrato efficace nel diminuire l’incidenza del rischio di recidiva di infortunio. Sono necessari ulteriori studi che stabiliscano protocolli di intervento suggerendo metodi e tempistiche di trattamento.

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Zarur, Shirin. "Skadepanoramat hos ungdomslandslagsspelare i basket". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap, HV, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-19650.

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Nunes, Guilherme Silva. "Ajustes de movimento durante a preparação para saltos em indivíduos com instabilidade funcional de tornozelo". Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2013. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1809.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T17:32:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guilherme Silva Nunes RESUMO.pdf: 72349 bytes, checksum: 93fe7644276204a05a8950e76b72b6cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-15
Introdução: Alguns estudos já foram realizados com a finalidade de detectar alterações causadas pelas entorses de tornozelo. Estes estudos indicam que indivíduos com instabilidade funcional de tornozelo (IFT) podem apresentar principalmente déficits no senso de posição articular e controle postural. Objetivo: verificar a existência de diferenças nos ajustes de movimento durante a preparação para saltos entre indivíduos com IFT e indivíduos saudáveis. Método: Sessenta indivíduos (30 homens e 30 mulheres), com idade média de 23,0 ± 3,0 anos, participaram do estudo. Estes formaram dois grupos: um grupo com indivíduos que apresentavam IFT (n = 30) e um grupo com indivíduos saudáveis (n = 30). Foram avaliadas a variabilidade das amplitudes de movimento (ADM) do tornozelo nos movimentos de inversão/eversão e flexão dorsal/plantar, além da variabilidade do comportamento do centro de pressão nas direções ântero-posterior e médio-lateral em um período de cinco segundos imediatamente anterior ao início de saltos verticais unipodais e saltos a partir de um degrau de 15 cm de altura também unipodais. As variáveis de ADM e de equilíbrio também foram analisadas durante a manutenção do apoio unipodal pelo mesmo período de cinco segundos. Resultados: Não foram observadas diferenças significantes para nenhuma das variáveis nos testes aplicados entre os grupos. Conclusão: Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que não há diferenças nos ajustes de movimentos preparatórios para a realização de saltos entre indivíduos com IFT e indivíduos saudáveis.

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Jakoet, Rashaad. "A cross sectional study to determine whether there are central nervous system changes in football players who have sustained recurrent lateral ankle injuries using the laterality judgement task, two point discrimination test and limb perception testing". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20375.

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Background: A chronic ankle sprain injury is a condition that affects professional, amateur and social football players globally. Despite a large amount of research into the medical management of this condition, it remains one of the most frequently experienced injuries in professional football. A previous ankle sprain is a recognised risk factor for future lateral ankle sprain injury. No previous study has investigated the effects of chronic lateral ankle sprains on the cortical representation of the ankle in the brain. Aim: To determine if there are any changes in the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices of football players who have a history of recurrent ankle sprain injuries Methods: 25 professional male football players (13 previously injured, 12 noninjured) with an average age of 24.9y (+/- 4.49y) from a national first division club were recruited for the study. . All players included in the study completed an informed consent form before participation in the study and were declared fit to play by the clubs medical staff. Player demographics and training history were collected by means of a questionnaire followed by anthropometric measurements being taken. Tests used in the assessment of complex regional pain syndrome (Laterality Judgement Task recognition, two point discrimination and limb perception drawing) were used to assess for cortical representation changes in both limbs of injured players and uninjured players.

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Köbach, Anke [Verfasser]. "Combat-related mental injuries and evidence-based psychotherapy for former members of armed groups / Anke Köbach". Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1099436710/34.

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Borao, Soler Olga. "Musculatura estabilitzadora de l’extremitat inferior: estudi de la influència de les sinèrgies musculars de la cama en relació a la patologia de turmell". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/314575.

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El turmell és una articulació que registra un alt percentatge de lesions. Els individus afectats per lesions al turmell acostumen a mostrar alteracions de l’equilibri postural i de la capacitat de percebre l’articulació estable, cosa que fa augmentar el risc de patir de nou un esquinç al turmell, així com també s’han descrit alteracions en els patrons d’activació muscular de diferents grups musculars de la cama. Per aquest motiu s’han desenvolupat diferents protocols d’entrenament neuromotor orientats a disminuir el risc de patir una lesió al turmell, però malauradament fins avui, aquests han mostrat baixos nivells d’evidència i efectivitat. Aquesta tesi va tenir dos objectius principals: analitzar l’efectivitat d’un protocol d’entrenament neuromotor com a eina de prevenció sobre la millora de l’estabilitat dinàmica del turmell, i determinar la relació existent entre els nivells d’activació de la musculatura pèlvica i els de la musculatura estabilitzadora del turmell. Els resultats obtinguts en la realització dels estudis realitzats per aquesta tesi, indiquen que la realització d’un entrenament neuromotor tradicional orientat a la millora de l’estabilitat del turmell no va suposar un estímul suficient per obtenir millores en la capacitat d’equilibri de la mostra estudiada, i que la influència observada entre l’activació de la musculatura proximal de la cama i la pròpia del turmell, sembla indicar que la introducció d’exercicis d’entrenament específic de la musculatura estabilitzadora de la pelvis podria representar una eina interessant per la millora dels nivells d’estabilitat del turmell.
El tobillo es una articulación que sufre un alto porcentaje de lesiones. Los individuos afectados por alguna lesión en esta región suelen mostrar alteraciones del equilibrio postural y de la capacidad de percibir la articulación estable, lo que aumenta el riesgo de sufrir de nuevo un esguince en el tobillo, así como se han descrito alteraciones en los patrones de activación muscular de distintos grupos musculares de la pierna. Por este motivo se han desarrollado diferentes protocolos de entrenamiento neuromotor orientados a disminuir el riesgo de sufrir una lesión en el tobillo, pero desafortunadamente hasta nuestro tiempo, han mostrado bajos niveles de evidencia y efectividad. Por estos motivos esta tesis tuvo dos objetivos principales: analizar la efectividad de un protocolo de entrenamiento neuromotor como herramienta de prevención sobre la mejora de la estabilidad dinámica del tobillo, y determinar la relación existente entre los niveles de activación de la musculatura pélvica y los de la musculatura propia del tobillo. Los resultados obtenidos en la realización de los estudios realizados para esta tesis, podemos concluir que la realización de un entrenamiento neuromotor tradicional orientado a la mejora de la estabilidad del tobillo no supuso un estímulo suficiente para obtener mejoras en la capacidad de equilibrio de la muestra estudiada, y que la influencia observada entre la activación de la musculatura proximal de la pierna y la propia del tobillo, parece indicar que la introducción de ejercicios de entrenamiento específico de la musculatura estabilizadora de la pelvis podría representar una herramienta interesante para la mejora de los niveles de estabilidad del tobillo.
The ankle is a joint that undergoes a high percentage of injuries. People who have suffered from an injury can show some kind of imbalance according to postural balance and related to the ability to perceive joint stability, which increases the risk of suffering an injurie again. In addition, changes have been described in muscle activation patterns for those who have suffered an injury in this joint. All this data has led physiotherapists to design different neuromotor training programs to reduce the risk of injuring the ankle again. Unfortunately until now, there is very little scientific evidence about their effectiveness. For these reasons, this thesis had two main objectives: first, to analyse the effectiveness of a neuromotor training program as a prevention mechanism for improving the dynamic stability of the ankle, and second, to determine the relationship between the electromyographic activity of the hip muscles and the ankle muscles. Based on the results obtained in this thesis, we can conclude that the performance of a traditional neuromotor training program, with the aim of improving ankle stability, does not represent a sufficient stimulus to generate balance improvements in the sample studied. The influence observed between the proximal muscle activity and the ankle muscle activity, seems to show that it is necessary to introduce specific training based on the hip muscles, and this could represent an interesting tool for improving ankle stability.

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Goulart, Douglas Rangel 1987. "Development of plate of osteosynthes for mandibular angle fracture with boné loss = finite elemento analysis and mechanical test = Desenvolvimento de placa de fixação interna para o tratamento de fratura complexa de ângulo mandibular: avaliação pelo método dos elementos finitos e teste mecânico". [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287887.

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Orientador: Márcio de Moraes
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Apesar da evolução do tratamento das fraturas de ângulo mandibular, o conhecimento torna-se restrito quando se trata de fraturas com múltiplos traços ou perda de estrutura óssea, devido à falta de investigações específicas na área. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho é desenvolver e avaliar um novo design de placa de fixação interna para tratamento de fraturas complexas de ângulo mandibular por meio do método dos elementos finitos e teste de carregamento linear. Primeiramente foi gerado um modelo tridimensional da mandíbula fraturada no software Rhinocerus 4.0, seguida pela modelagem de placas e parafusos do sistema 2,0 mm. Os modelos foram exportados para o Ansys®, no qual foi aplicado deslocamento de 3 mm no rebordo alveolar na região que corresponde a fossa central do primeiro molar ipsilateral a fratura. Foram avaliados três grupos segundo o método de fixação interna: duas placas do sistema 2,0 mm; duas placas do sistema 2,0 mm locking; e uma placa com novo design do sistema 2,0 mm locking. O modelo computacional foi transferido para um modelo in vitro com mandíbulas de poliuretano, com os mesmos grupos de fixação e padrão de fratura mandibular. Cada grupo foi composto por cinco mandíbulas, cada amostra foi submetida ao teste de carregamento linear na máquina de ensaio universal Instron modelo 4411 até o deslocamento de 5 mm. Para o modelo computacional foi observada uma distribuição mais equilibrada de tensão no novo design de placa, além disso, a fixação com a nova placa apresentou uma tendência de manter os segmentos aproximados. Porém foi observada superioridade da força de reação do grupo com duas placas 2,0 mm locking (651,67 N). No ensaio mecânico o grupo com duas placas locking apresentou maior resistência ao deslocamento de 3 mm com diferenças estatisticamente significativa que o grupo da nova placa (one-way ANOVA; F = 4,92, p = ,013). Foi desenvolvido um modelo de placa para o tratamento de fratura de ângulo mandibular, que na análise de elementos finitos apresentou uma distribuição mais equilibrada das tensões, porém o grupo com duas placas locking apresentou maior resistência mecânica. A nova placa pode substituir duas placas convencionais sem prejuízo de resistência mecânica e com vantagens de apresentar a tendência de manter os segmentos fraturados aproximados quando submetidos a deslocamento
Abstract: Despite the developments concerning the treatment of mandibular angle fractures, knowledge becomes limited when it comes to multiple fractures lines or loss of bone due to the lack of specific investigation in this field. Thus, the aim of this work is developing and evaluating a new design of internal fixation plate for the treatment of the complex mandibular fractures by the finite element method and mechanical testing. A three dimensional model of the fractured mandible was generated in Rhinocerus 4.0 software, and also was performed the modeling of the 2.0 mm system plates. The models have been exported to ANSYS ®, in which it was performed a static application of a force to generate displacement of 3 mm in the first molar region ipsilateral to the fracture. Three groups were evaluated according to the method of internal fixation: two plates of the 2.0 mm non-locking system, two plates of 2.0 mm locking system, and a plate with new design 2.0mm locking system. The computational model was transferred to an in vitro experiment with polyurethane mandibles with the same fixation groups and fracture pattern. Each group with five mandibles was subjected to linear loading test in a universal testing machine Instron Model 4411 to the displacement of 5 mm. A more balanced distribution of stress in the new plate design was observed. In addition, the new plate modified the mechanical behavior of the fractured region with a tendency to keep the approximate segments. However, the superiority of the reaction force of the group with two 2.0mm locking plates was observed (651.67 N). In the mechanical test the group with two locking plates showed greater resistance to the 3 mm displacement with statistically significant difference than the new plate group ( one-way ANOVA , F = 4.92 , p = 013)
Mestrado
Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Faciais
Mestre em Clínica Odontológica

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37

"Isokinetic rehabilitation of ankle sprain". Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887062.

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by Yeung Ming San, Josephine.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 161-172).
ABSTRACT --- p.1
Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.4
Chapter II. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.12
Chapter 2.1 --- Functional Anatomy of Ankle and Subtalar Joint --- p.12
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Bony Configuration --- p.12
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Axis of Motion --- p.13
Chapter 2.1.3 --- Lateral Ligaments --- p.13
Chapter 2.1.4 --- Ankle Musculature --- p.13
Chapter 2.2 --- Biomechanics of Ankle Ligaments --- p.14
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Characteristics of Lateral Ligaments of the Ankle --- p.15
Chapter 2.2.1.1 --- Ligaments for Stability --- p.15
Chapter 2.2.1.2 --- Ligaments Properties to Loading --- p.15
Chapter 2.3 --- Lateral Ankle Ligaments Injuries --- p.17
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Etiology --- p.17
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Definition of Sprain --- p.18
Chapter 2.3.3 --- Classification of Inversion Ankle Sprain --- p.18
Chapter 2.3.4 --- Diagnosis of Lateral Ligaments Injury --- p.19
Chapter 2.3.4.1 --- Anterior Draw Test --- p.19
Chapter 2.3.4.2 --- Talar Tilt Test --- p.21
Chapter 2.3.4.3 --- Anthrogram --- p.21
Chapter 2.3.4.4 --- Controversies in Various Diagnostic Methods for Lateral Ankle Ligaments Injury --- p.21
Chapter 2.3.5 --- Orthopedic Management of Inversion Ankle Sprain --- p.22
Chapter 2.3.5.1 --- Operative Method --- p.22
Chapter 2.3.5.2 --- Conservative Method --- p.23
Chapter 2.4 --- Rehabilitation of Inversion Ankle Injury --- p.24
Chapter 2.4.1 --- Residual Problems Resulted from Inversion Ankle Injury --- p.24
Chapter 2.4.1.1 --- Epidemiology --- p.24
Chapter 2.4.1.2 --- Muscle Weakness --- p.25
Chapter 2.4.1.3 --- Proprioception --- p.27
Chapter 2.4.1.4 --- Peroneal Muscle Reaction Time --- p.29
Chapter 2.4.1.5 --- Muscle Tightness --- p.30
Chapter 2.4.2 --- Rehabilitation Training --- p.31
Chapter 2.4.2.1 --- Muscle Training --- p.31
Chapter 2.4.2.2 --- Proprioception Training --- p.32
Chapter 2.4.2.3 --- Other Training --- p.32
Chapter 2.5 --- Strength Training --- p.33
Chapter 2.5.1 --- Effects of Strength Training --- p.33
Chapter 2.5.1.1 --- On Muscle --- p.33
Chapter 2.5.1.2 --- On Nervous System --- p.33
Chapter 2.5.1.3 --- On Ligaments --- p.34
Chapter 2.5.2 --- Isokinetic Training --- p.34
Chapter III. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.39
Chapter 3.1 --- Epidemiological Survey --- p.42
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Design of Questionnaire --- p.42
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Pilot Study --- p.43
Chapter 3.1.3 --- Survey --- p.44
Chapter 3.2 --- Isokinetic Evaluation for Normal Non-injured Ankle --- p.45
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Subjects --- p.45
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Equipment --- p.46
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Testing Procedure --- p.51
Chapter 3.3 --- Evaluation for Ankle with Inversion Sprain --- p.59
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Initial Evaluation --- p.60
Chapter 3.3.1.1 --- Criteria for Subjects --- p.60
Chapter 3.3.1.2 --- Interview of Subjects --- p.61
Chapter 3.3.1.3 --- Testing Procedure --- p.61
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Training Program --- p.66
Chapter 3.3.2.1 --- Subjects --- p.66
Chapter 3.3.2.2 --- Various Methods of Training or Exercise --- p.67
Chapter 3.3.2.3 --- Isokinetic Exercise Protocol for Ankle --- p.69
Chapter 3.3.2.4 --- Design of Training Protocol --- p.71
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Second Evaluation --- p.73
Chapter 3.3.3.1 --- Subject --- p.73
Chapter 3.3.3.2 --- The Retest --- p.73
Chapter 3.4 --- Data Analysis --- p.74
Chapter IV. --- RESULTS --- p.75
Chapter 4.1 --- Epidemiological Study --- p.75
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Athletes' Personal Data --- p.75
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Athletes' Injury Data --- p.82
Chapter 4.1.3 --- Residual Problems in Ankle Sprains --- p.84
Chapter 4.2 --- Isokinetic Evaluation for Normal Non-injured Ankle --- p.89
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Subjects Data --- p.89
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Range of Active and Passive Ankle Dorsiflexion --- p.89
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Muscular Parameters Used for Data Analyzing --- p.90
Chapter 4.2.4 --- Comparing Muscular Parameters between Dominant and Non-dominant Ankle of Normal Subjects --- p.90
Chapter 4.2.5 --- Comparing Muscular Parameters between Male and Female Normal Subjects --- p.94
Chapter 4.2.6 --- Torque Ratio and Work Ratio --- p.98
Chapter 4.3 --- Evaluation for Ankles with Inversion Sprain --- p.102
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Initial Evaluation --- p.102
Chapter 4.3.1.1 --- Subjects Data --- p.102
Chapter 4.3.1.2 --- Anterior Draw Sign --- p.103
Chapter 4.3.1.3 --- Range of Motion --- p.103
Chapter 4.3.1.4 --- Ankle Functional Rating Scale --- p.104
Chapter 4.3.1.5 --- Isokinetic Evaluation --- p.104
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Second Evaluation --- p.116
Chapter 4.3.2.1 --- Subjects Data --- p.116
Chapter 4.3.2.2 --- Comparing the Initial and Second Evaluation Ankle Functional Rating Scale --- p.117
Chapter 4.3.2.3 --- Comparing Initial and Second Evaluation for Isokinetic Parameters of the Ankle --- p.118
Chapter 4.3.3 --- Correlation of Various Isokinetic Parameters of the Ankle with Ankle Functional Rating Score --- p.124
Chapter V. --- DISCUSSION --- p.127
Chapter 5.1 --- Epidemiological Study --- p.127
Chapter 5.2 --- Evaluation for Normal Non-injured Ankle --- p.132
Chapter 5.3 --- Evaluation for Ankle with Inversion Sprain --- p.141
Chapter 5.4 --- Isokinetic Rehabilitation --- p.148
Chapter 5.5 --- Limitations and Future Direction of Research --- p.153
Chapter VI. --- CONCLUSION --- p.156
Chapter VII. --- REFERENCE --- p.161
APPENDIX I --- p.i
APPENDIX II --- p.vi
APPENDIX III --- p.viii
APPENDIX IV --- p.xiii

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Sampson, Lorrae J., University of Western Sydney, of Arts Education and Social Sciences College e School of Education and Early Childhood Studies. "Pre season balance and jump landing training program and its effect upon female basketballers' static and dynamic balance and knee and ankle injury rates". 2005. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/16738.

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The effect of a preseason conditioning program of balance and jump landing training exercises was studied to evaluate its influence on static and dynamic balance and the occurrence of ankle and knee injuries in Basketball. Fifty-eight female representative Basketball players (aged 9 – 17 years) were studied over one season. Twenty-nine of these players participated in a six week training program implemented during the preseason. Pre and post tests measured balance and injuries documented over one season. The experimental group’s static and dynamic balance improved significantly as measured by a stork stand test and a multiple single-leg hop-stabilisation test In a post hoc analysis of dynamic balance, participants in the 12 – 13 years experimental group performed significantly better on dynamic balance, whereas the 12 – 13 years control group performed poorest compared with all other age cohorts. The lower limb injury rate for the 29 experimental group participants was .78 injuries per 1 000 hours, while the control group sustained no lower limb injuries in the 2001 season, based on the injury definition utilised in the study. This finding was statistically significant although three of the four injuries sustained were contact injuries. The study findings indicate that appropriately defined balance training can be beneficial for improving balance ability in female Basketball players. Evidence was found in the study for the existence of a critical age when balance training should be introduced to maximise the benefit for young female adolescent Basketball players.
Master of Education (Hons)

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Jorden, Ryan A. "Influence of ankle orthoses on ankle joint motion and postural stability before and after exercise". Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/33391.

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Ankle injuries comprise more than 15% of all sports injuries worldwide. The efficacy of the ankle taping for injury prevention has long been under scrutiny as numerous studies have shown that tape rapidly loses its ability to constrain ankle motion with exercise. Consequently, ankle braces (orthoses) are being used with increasing frequency for the prevention and functional management of ankle injuries. However, the motion restraining qualities of ankle orthoses have not been widely evaluated in closed kinetic chain environments under physiologic loads. The primary purpose of this study was to compare the abilities of four ankle orthoses (ankle taping, lace-up brace, semirigid orthosis and hybrid brace) against a control condition (no brace or tape) to control subtalar and talocrural motion during running on a laterally-tilted treadmill at 16.2 km/h before and after exercise. It has been hypothesized that ankle orthoses make a secondary contribution to injury prevention through enhanced proprioception. The secondary purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of the aforementioned ankle orthoses on postural stability during single-limb stance following a bout of exercise. Fifteen healthy university students (8 men and 7 women) with no history of significant ankle injuries (age, mean �� SD: 22.9 �� 3.9 years) volunteered to participate in this study. Three-dimensional kinematic data were captured with an active infrared digital camera system sampling at 120 Hz. To address the first question, data analyses were performed using 2way univariate (Ankle Orthoses x Pre/Post-Exercise x Subjects) (5 x 2 x 15) repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine the existence of differences among three closed and four open kinematic chain dependent measures before and after exercise. Maximum inversion angles (MAXINV) were similar for all ankle orthoses, with no orthosis limiting inversion during tilted treadmill running significantly more than another, or compared to the control condition, either before or after exercise (p>.05). Pre-exercise MAXINV group means and standard deviations during treadmill running ranged from 6.8 �� 3.4 deg with the Royce Medical Speed Brace to 9.5 �� 4.1 deg in the tape condition; post-exercise MAXINV mean values ranged from 7.6 �� 3.2 deg for the Aircast Sport Stirrup to 9.1 �� 4.6 deg with closed basketweave tape. While not statistically significant (p=0.10), ankle taping provided the least amount of inversion restraint, both before and after the exercise bout. The MAXINV angles measured during treadmill running (8.2 �� 4.0 deg) and open chain inversion AROM measured with a goniometer (34.5 �� 6.2 deg) were not related (r=-0.0003). The compressive forces present during closed kinetic chain activity are known to increase joint stability and thus may explain why MAXINV under dynamic varus loads was so much less in magnitude than inversion AROM measured under open kinetic chain conditions. The nonlinear relationship of these two variables supports our contention that reports of the motion controlling properties of ankle orthoses measured in open kinetic chain environments should not be used to infer the response characteristics of these same orthoses under dynamic, physiologic loads. To address the second question, data were analyzed using 3-way univariate (Ankle Orthoses x Pre/Post-Exercise x Eyes Open/Closed x Subjects) (5 x 2 x 2 x 15) repeated measures ANOVAs. Subjects' postural stability was assessed using a Biodex Balance System with eyes open and eyes closed conditions, before and after an exercise bout. The ankle orthoses evaluated did not influence postural stability as measured by mediolateral sway index, anteroposterior sway index, and overall sway index. Removal of visual perception via blindfolding resulted in significant decreases in all three measures of postural stability (p=.001). There was poor association among the closed chain postural stability parameters and the open chain AROM measures. These correlations ranged from r=.04 to .17, indicating minimal relationship between the amount of AROM permitted by the orthoses and postural stability as quantified by this method.
Graduation date: 2000

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40

Hunt, Erika J. "Collegiate athletes' psychological perceptions of adhesive ankle taping a qualitative analysis /". 2005. http://www.oregonpdf.org.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Dakota, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-44). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

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41

"Injury mechanism of supination ankle sprain incidents in sports: kinematics analysis with a model-based image-matching technique". 2010. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5894310.

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Mok, Kam Ming.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 36-44).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.ii
Chinese abstract --- p.iii
Acknowledgement --- p.iv
Table of contents --- p.V
List of figures --- p.vii
List of tables --- p.viii
Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter Chapter 2: --- Review of literature --- p.3
Chapter 2.1 --- Why prevent ankle ligamentous sprain? --- p.3
Chapter 2.2 --- A sequence of injury prevention --- p.4
Chapter 2.3 --- Biomechanical approaches in defining injury mechanism --- p.5
Chapter 2.4 --- Injury mechanism of ankle ligamentous sprain in sports --- p.6
Chapter 2.5 --- Model-Based Image-Matching motion analysis --- p.7
Chapter Chapter 3: --- Development of an ankle joint Model-Based Image-Matching motion analysis technique --- p.9
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.9
Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and method --- p.10
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Cadaver test --- p.10
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Model-Based Image-Matching motion analysis --- p.12
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Statistical analysis --- p.14
Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.15
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Validity --- p.15
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Intra-rater reliability --- p.16
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Inter-rater reliability --- p.17
Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.17
Chapter 3.5 --- Conclusion --- p.21
Chapter Chapter 4: --- Biomechanical motion analysis on ankle ligamentous sprain injury cases --- p.22
Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.22
Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and method --- p.24
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Case screening --- p.24
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Model-Based Image-Matching motion analysis --- p.24
Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.28
Chapter 4.3.1 --- High Jump Injury --- p.28
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Field hockey Injury --- p.28
Chapter 4.3.3 --- Tennis Injury --- p.29
Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.30
Chapter 4.5 --- Conclusion --- p.34
Chapter Chapter 5: --- Summary and future development --- p.35
References --- p.36
List of publications --- p.42
List of presentations at international and local conference --- p.43
List of Awards --- p.44

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42

Kgosiyang, Kaelo. "Ankle and foot injuries: prevalence, selected associated factors and thier effect on function among premiere league soccer players in Gaborone". Thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/29605.

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A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Physiotherapy Johannesburg, 2019
Background: Soccer has been described as the most popular sport globally that comes with high performance expectations. This can lead to increased risk of injuries such as ankle and foot injuries. Studies on injuries in soccer teams from under-resourced places like Gaborone, Botswana are scanty. Aim: To determine the prevalence of ankle and foot injuries and their effect on function and activity on premiere league soccer players in Gaborone. Method: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on 109 soccer players. A foot and ankle outcome score questionnaire was used to assess the effect of the injury on function and activity. An assessment of foot posture was carried out on each player. Results were analysed using Stata version 15.1. Results: The sample consisted of male premiere league soccer players ranging from 18-32 years with a median age of 24 years (IQR 22-26). Prevalence of ankle and foot injury was 46.80% with the majority of the injured players being midfielders (23.85%). Previous history of ankle and foot injury was reported by 66.7% of the participants. A significant association was found between playing position and previous history of ankle and foot injury (p= 0.02). A significant strong positive correlation was reported between pain and activities of daily living(��=0.74,��=0.00) . Conclusion: The results show that soccer players in Gaborone are at risk of incurring ankle and foot injury during training and matches. The study highlights the importance of putting in place stringent injury prevention measures to curb the prevalence of ankle and foot injuries.
MT 2020

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43

Brown, Erik R. "Prophylactic ankle brace deterioration an analysis of range of motion /". 2008. http://www.oregonpdf.org/index.cfm.

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44

Pellow, Justin Edward. "The efficacy of adjusting the ankle in the treatment of subacute and chronic grade I and II ankle inversion sprains". Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2882.

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Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Technikon Natal, 1999.
To investigate the efficacy of adjusting the ankle in the treatment of subacute and chronic grade I and II ankle inversion sprains. The researcher hypothesised that adjusting a symptomatic ankle, in terms of the above, would result in a more significant improvement than that of a placebo treatment
M

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45

Oliveira, João Manuel Teixeira de. "Use of infrared thermography for the diagnosis and grading of sprained ankle injuries". Master's thesis, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/89898.

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46

Oliveira, João Manuel Teixeira de. "Use of infrared thermography for the diagnosis and grading of sprained ankle injuries". Dissertação, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/89898.

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47

Nowak, Kasia Natalia. "The effectiveness of combining ankle and pelvic manipulation versus ankle manipulation alone in the management of chronic achilles tendinitis". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2681.

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48

Kohne, Eckard Peter. "The short and intermediate effect of manipulation on chronic ankle instability syndrome". Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/188.

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Thesis (M.Tech.: Chiropractic)-Dept. of Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2005 1 v. (various pagings) ; 30 cm
Following an inversion ankle joint sprain, damage to the proprioceptive organs can occur, which is made worse by lack of proprioceptive retraining and will increase the chances of re-injury (Hoffman and Payne 1995:144 and Anderson, 2002). Pellow and Brantingham (2001) indicated that patients who received multiple manipulations improved more rapidly than patients in the placebo group. Therefore it is proposed that manipulation provokes changes in afferent input that may restore normal proprioceptive input (Slosberg, 1988). However, Pellow and Brantingham (2001) were not able to establish what effect multiple manipulations had, as opposed to a single manipulation, on the proprioception on the foot and ankle complex and how this may influence the clinical outcome of the patient’s treatment. Therefore, it was hypothesized that multiple manipulations of the foot and ankle complex would have a greater effect on chronic ankle instability syndrome than a single treatment in terms of overall improvement subjectively and objectively. In addition to this the following was also hypothesized: • That multiple manipulations of the foot and ankle complex would increase the ROM to a greater extent than single manipulations. • That multiple manipulations would decrease point tenderness more effectively than a single manipulation.

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49

Nakagawa, Lyn H. "Performance in static, dynamic, and clinical tests of postural control in individuals with functional ankle instability". Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30248.

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Objectives: To evaluate postural control in individuals with functional ankle instability using static, dynamic, and clinical balance tests. Also, to examine the relationships between the performances in each of these tests. Design: Postural control was evaluated with a single leg balance test, a balance test involving movement, and the star excursion balance test. Participants: A volunteer sample of 19 subjects with functional ankle instability and 19 uninjured control subjects. Main Outcome Measures: Center of pressure sway path length was calculated for the static and dynamic balance tests. Total reach distance was measured for the star excursion balance test. Results: Subjects with functional ankle instability demonstrated a significantly greater center of pressure sway path length in both the static and dynamic balance tests. Conclusions: Functional ankle instability may be associated with reduced postural control as demonstrated by decreased performance in static and dynamic balance tests.
Graduation date: 2003

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50

"Identification of ankle sprain motion from normal activities by dorsal foot kinematics data". 2008. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5893566.

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Chan, Yue Yan.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 36-40).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.i
Chinese abstract --- p.ii
Acknowledgement --- p.iii
Table of Contents --- p.iv
List of figures --- p.vi
List of tables --- p.vii
Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter Chapter 2: --- Review of literature --- p.4
Chapter 2.1 --- Chapter introduction --- p.4
Chapter 2.2 --- Anatomy and kinematics of the ankle --- p.4
Chapter 2.3 --- Epidemiology of ankle sprain --- p.6
Chapter 2.4 --- Grading system for classification of ankle sprain --- p.7
Chapter 2.5 --- Previous measures of protecting ankle from sprain injury --- p.7
Chapter 2.6 --- Usage of motion sensors in human motion detection --- p.9
Chapter Chapter 3: --- A mechanical supination sprain simulator for studying ankle supination sprain kinematics --- p.11
Chapter 3.1 --- Chapter Introduction --- p.11
Chapter 3.2 --- Methods --- p.12
Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.17
Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.17
Chapter Chapter 4: --- Identification of simulated ankle supination sprain from other normal motions by gyrometers and accelerometers --- p.19
Chapter 4.1 --- Chapter introduction --- p.19
Chapter 4.2 --- Methods --- p.20
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Data collection --- p.20
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Support Vector Machine for classification of human motion --- p.22
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Training the Support Vector Machine --- p.23
Chapter 4.2.4 --- Support Vector Machine verification --- p.24
Chapter 4.2.5 --- Choose the optimal position of motion sensor --- p.25
Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.25
Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.29
Chapter Chapter 5: --- Summary and future development --- p.34
References --- p.36
List of publications --- p.41
List of presentations at international and local conferences --- p.41
Appendix I: --- p.42
Related publication:
"Chan, Y. Y., Fong, D. T. P., Yung, P. S. H., Fung, K. Y., & Chan, K. M (1998). A mechanical supination sprain simulator for studying ankle supination sprain kinematics. Journal of Biomechanics. 41(11), 2571-2574."
Appendix II: --- p.46
Ethical approval of the investigation of ankle torque and motion signal pattern in foot segment during simulate sprain and other motion

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