Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Animals, Fossil – Juvenile fiction"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Animals, Fossil – Juvenile fiction"
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Hone, David W. E., Darren H. Tanke e Caleb M. Brown. "Bite marks on the frill of a juvenile Centrosaurus from the Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Provincial Park Formation, Alberta, Canada". PeerJ 6 (12 de outubro de 2018): e5748. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5748.
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Bite marks on bones can provide critical information about interactions between carnivores and animals they consumed (or attempted to) in the fossil record. Data from such interactions is somewhat sparse and is hampered by a lack of records in the scientific literature. Here, we present a rare instance of feeding traces on the frill of a juvenile ceratopsian dinosaur from the late Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta. It is difficult to determine the likely tracemaker(s) but the strongest candidate is a small-bodied theropod such as a dromaeosaur or juvenile tyrannosaur. This marks the first documented case of carnivore consumption of a juvenile ceratopsid, but may represent scavenging as opposed to predation.
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Mathews, Joshua C., e Karen E. Samonds. "A juvenile subfossil crocodylian from Anjohibe Cave, Northwestern Madagascar". PeerJ 4 (15 de setembro de 2016): e2296. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2296.
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Madagascar’s subfossil record preserves a diverse community of animals including elephant birds, pygmy hippopotamus, giant lemurs, turtles, crocodiles, bats, rodents, and carnivorans. These fossil accumulations give us a window into the island’s past from 80,000 years ago to a mere few hundred years ago, recording the extinction of some groups and the persistence of others. The crocodylian subfossil record is limited to two taxa,Voay robustusandCrocodylus niloticus, found at sites distributed throughout the island.V. robustusis extinct whileC. niloticusis still found on the island today, but whether these two species overlapped temporally, or ifVoaywas driven to extinction by competing withCrocodylusremains unknown. While their size and presumed behavior was similar to each other, nearly nothing is known about the growth and development ofVoay, as the overwhelming majority of fossil specimens represent mature adult individuals. Here we describe a nearly complete juvenile crocodylian specimen from Anjohibe Cave, northwestern Madagascar. The specimen is referred toCrocodylusbased on the presence of caviconchal recesses on the medial wall of the maxillae, and toC. niloticusbased on the presence of an oval shaped internal choana, lack of rostral ornamentation and a long narrow snout. However, as there are currently no described juvenile specimens ofVoay robustus, it is important to recognize that some of the defining characteristics of that genus may have changed through ontogeny. Elements include a nearly complete skull and many postcranial elements (cervical, thoracic, sacral, and caudal vertebrae, pectoral elements, pelvic elements, forelimb and hindlimb elements, osteoderms).Crocodylus niloticuscurrently inhabits Madagascar but is locally extinct from this particular region; radiometric dating indicates an age of ∼460–310 years before present (BP). This specimen clearly represents a juvenile based on the extremely small size and open sutures/detached neural arches; total body length is estimated to be ∼1.1 m (modern adults of this species range from ∼4–6 m). This fossil represents the only juvenile subfossil crocodylian specimen reported from Madagascar.
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Patranobish, Paromita. "Speaking Crows and Alien Fish: Nonhuman Cosmopolitanisms in Satyajit Ray's Speculative Fiction". Science Fiction Studies 51, n.º 2 (julho de 2024): 258–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sfs.2024.a931155.
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ABSTRACT: I approach Satyajit Ray's sf stories as postcolonial interventions into Western Enlightenment discourses of scientific rationality. I trace the trajectory of these concerns as they are reflected in narratives centered around nonhuman animals, published in various Bengali juvenile magazines between 1961 and 1992. Ray's stories offer a critical site for interrogating, revising, and expanding the possibilities of a Kantian moral philosophy of cosmopolitanism for post-independence contexts of democratic governance, industrialization, and urbanization. Ray's sf enables readers to imagine a posthuman cosmopolitics (to use Isabelle Stengers's concept) as an alternative to colonial cartographies of personhood and the centrifugal impulse of postcolonial nation formation. My article addresses the significant but underexplored role played by Ray's ecological thinking and care for the nonhuman animal in his postcolonial politics. Ray's sf harnesses the possibilities of Bengali speculative fiction, including Kalpavigyan's model of a fluid science to posit a speculative vision of a future-oriented cosmopolitics where the possibility for non-reciprocal and untranslatable proximities becomes a conceptual foundation for thinking about alterity.
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Varricchio, David J., e John R. Horner. "Hadrosaurid and lambeosaurid bone beds from the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation of Montana: taphonomic and biologic implications". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30, n.º 5 (1 de maio de 1993): 997–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e93-083.
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Numerous dinosaur bone beds have been found in the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation. Taphonomy and size-frequency profiles for the most common skeletal elements of six predominantly hadrosaurid and (or) lambeosaurid assemblages were compared. All six localities are single, highly concentrated bone horizons within silty mudstones. Most are monospecific with some degree of skeletal association, parautochthonous, and likely the result of mass mortality. Four are associated with small lacustrine or waterhole environments and may be the result of drought-related mortality. Within the Two Medicine Formation drought was apparently a common mechanism for generating fossil assemblages.Both hadrosaurids and lambeosaurids appear to have been gregarious. Lack of association between small (total length < 3 m) and larger individuals suggests either that juvenile growth rates were as rapid as large ungulates or less likely, that juveniles had a period of noninteraction with adults, perhaps dwelling in strictly juvenile groups. In Maiasaura peeblesorum, reproduction appears to have been synchronous among herd members and seasonal. Additionally, mortality was high for juveniles and dropped off rapidly as animals approached adult size.
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Lei, Roberto, Emanuel Tschopp, Christophe Hendrickx, Mathew J. Wedel, Mark Norell e David W. E. Hone. "Bite and tooth marks on sauropod dinosaurs from the Morrison Formation". PeerJ 11 (14 de novembro de 2023): e16327. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16327.
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Tooth-marked bones provide important evidence for feeding choices made by extinct carnivorous animals. In the case of the dinosaurs, most bite traces are attributed to the large and robust osteophagous tyrannosaurs, but those of other large carnivores remain underreported. Here we report on an extensive survey of the literature and some fossil collections cataloging a large number of sauropod bones (68) from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of the USA that bear bite traces that can be attributed to theropods. We find that such bites on large sauropods, although less common than in tyrannosaur-dominated faunas, are known in large numbers from the Morrison Formation, and that none of the observed traces showed evidence of healing. The presence of tooth wear in non-tyrannosaur theropods further shows that they were biting into bone, but it remains difficult to assign individual bite traces to theropod taxa in the presence of multiple credible candidate biters. The widespread occurrence of bite traces without evidence of perimortem bites or healed bite traces, and of theropod tooth wear in Morrison Formation taxa suggests preferential feeding by theropods on juvenile sauropods, and likely scavenging of large-sized sauropod carcasses.
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Adhuze, Dr Helen Idowu. "The Face And Phases Of Anthropomorphism In Children’s Literature". Tasambo Journal of Language, Literature, and Culture 1, n.º 1 (20 de dezembro de 2022): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2022.v01i01.006.
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Anthropomorphism, the imposition of human traits on nonhuman objects and animals, is an ancient tradition in the art of storytelling. Existing studies on anthropomorphism in literature have mostly focused on its being a satirical device in adult fiction but paid less attention to how anthropomorphism is constructed in literature for children. This study was executed to examine the depiction of anthropomorphism through folktales, modern fables, and digitales-in selected contemporary Nigerian prose narratives for children intending to establish the use of anthropomorphized characters to bring abstract concepts to life. Jean Piaget’s cognitive constructivism was adopted as the theoretical framework for the study. Five narratives were purposively selected because of their relevance to the study. The narratives were subjected to critical analyses. The face of anthropomorphism is revealed as a rhetorical tool through personification and metaphoric expressions. Anthropomorphism in children’s narratives serves as an attention grabber and a means of giving concrete information on learning through cognitive constructivism which is effective through a literature-based learning experience. In juvenile literature, anthropomorphism is used in building a relational attitude between the young readers and the fictional characters in the text for subtle facilitation of knowledge.
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Lutz, Richard A., e Rachel M. Haymon. "Fossil clues to paleoecology of deep-sea hydrothermal vent fauna: summary of recent findings". Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200007504.
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An abundant and unusual fauna is associated with deep-sea hydrothermal vents on the crest of the global mid-ocean ridge system. Precipitation of metal sulfides, silica, iron-oxyhydroxides and other minerals at these vents encrusts and replaces the remains of dead organisms to form fossils that may be preserved in the geologic record. For example, molds and casts of tubiculous polychaete and vestimentiferan worms are abundantly preserved in Recent hot spring deposits on the mid-ocean ridge crest, and similar worm molds also have been found in Tethys ophiolite sulfide mineral deposits of mid-Cretaceous age. The aragonitic and calcareous shells and tests of other vent species are also good candidates for fossilization by encrustation and replacement of their carbonate constituents with hydrothermal minerals.Recent and ongoing studies of the ecology and mineralization of vent organisms at active hot spring sites on the mid-ocean ridge in the eastern Pacific provide knowledge needed for gleaning paleoecological information from fossiliferous marine hydrothermal deposits in the geologic record. At modern vents, intact larval shells (prodissoconchs or protoconchs) are present on the surfaces of many juvenile molluscs. Preservation of these larval shells by hydrothermal mineralization may provide a powerful paleoecological tool for interpretation of the life history strategies of many sessile invertebrates associated with ancient submarine hydrothermal vents. Bacterial mats that grow on the outer surfaces of sulfide mineral structures have been preserved by silica deposition in inactive deposits on the East Pacific Rise (EPR) axis at 9°27'N. Studies of the ecology and growth history of this bacterial species at active vents are in progress.Preservation of ridge crest vent fauna within volcanic rock units can occur when lava erupts on the ridge crest near hydrothermal vent communities. Along the axis of the EPR at 9°50.6'N, vent mussels and vestimentiferan worms were found partially buried by lava flows and volcanic collapse rubble. Animals trapped beneath eruption-associated rubble may be coated or replaced by hydrothermal minerals precipitating from fluids circulating in the cooling rocks. In addition, worm-tube molds were created at the EPR 9°50.6'N site where lava quenched around living vestimentiferans (analogous to the formation of tree-molds in Hawaiian lava flows). These lava molds contained pyritized remnants of the chitinous tubes of the vestimentiferans.
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Beerbower, Richard, Everett C. Olson e Nicholas Hotton. "The early development of tetrapod herbivory". Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200005815.
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Herbivorous tetrapods make their first appearance in Upper Carboniferous fossil assemblages but only become abundant and diverse in Upper Permian ones. During the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian interval, herbivory appeared independently at least five times: in diadectids, bolosaurids, captorhinids, edaphosaurids and caseids. These animals ranged from small forms with aptitudes for collection and processing of low-fiber plant tissues (as well as terrestrial invertebrates) to giants particularly apt for utilization of high-fiber tissues. Our report focuses on the latter group since the development of high-fiber herbivory has had a critical impact on evolution of terrestrial plants and animals as well as on the organization of terrestrial ecosystems.The low abundance and diversity of early, high-fiber herbivores reflect on one hand, sampling biases toward habitats suboptimal for herbivory, and on the other, the limited ecological capabilities of the animals themselves. Most of the Permo-Carboniferous assemblages derive from wet-land swamp and forest ecosystems where plant tissues would have been relatively rare and/or inaccessible and predation relatively intense. The likely herbivores appear apt for life in wet-land ecosystems; there they probably utilized localized patchs of productive shrub and herb along rivers and around lakes as refuges from disturbance (desiccation, temperature extremes and predation) as well as sources of food. Their low metabolic levels and growth rates minimized nutritional requirements but along with large size provided adequately for adult maintenance and for reproduction. High adult survivorship and production of a large number of eggs through a long adult lifespan would have offset high egg and juvenile mortality.Only a few Late Carboniferous and Early Permian assemblages sample drier woodland and shrub habitats where conditions would have been more favorable for high-fiber herbivory, but by Late Permian such assemblages occur in much greater numbers and diversity. The high-fiber herbivores in these dry-land ecosystems had ecological aptitudes comparable to wet-land forms but were relatively more abundant and diverse, reflecting both a greater abundance and extent of shrubby vegetation and a lower incidence of predation.
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Joo, Soohyung, Erin Ingram e Maria Cahill. "Exploring Topics and Genres in Storytime Books: A Text Mining Approach". Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 16, n.º 4 (15 de dezembro de 2021): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip29963.
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Objective – While storytime programs for preschool children are offered in nearly all public libraries in the United States, little is known about the books librarians use in these programs. This study employed text analysis to explore topics and genres of books recommended for public library storytime programs. Methods – In the study, the researchers randomly selected 429 children books recommended for preschool storytime programs. Two corpuses of text were extracted from the titles, abstracts, and subject terms from bibliographic data. Multiple text mining methods were employed to investigate the content of the selected books, including term frequency, bi-gram analysis, topic modeling, and sentiment analysis. Results – The findings revealed popular topics in storytime books, including animals/creatures, color, alphabet, nature, movements, families, friends, and others. The analysis of bibliographic data described various genres and formats of storytime books, such as juvenile fiction, rhymes, board books, pictorial work, poetry, folklore, and nonfiction. Sentiment analysis results reveal that storytime books included a variety of words representing various dimensions of sentiment. Conclusion – The findings suggested that books recommended for storytime programs are centered around topics of interest to children that also support school readiness. In addition to selecting fictionalized stories that will support children in developing the academic concepts and socio-emotional skills necessary for later success, librarians should also be mindful of integrating informational texts into storytime programs.
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Hermanson, Guilherme, Fernando A. M. Arnal, Tomasz Szczygielski e Serjoscha W. Evers. "A systematic comparative description of extant turtle humeri, with comments on humerus disparity and evolution based on fossil comparisons". Anatomical Record, 8 de maio de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.25450.
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AbstractThe humerus is central for locomotion in turtles as quadrupedal animals. Osteological variation across testudine clades remains poorly documented. Here, we systematically describe the humerus anatomy for all major extant turtle clades based on 38 species representing the phylogenetic and ecological diversity of crown turtles. Three Late Triassic species of shelled stem turtles (Testudindata) are included to establish the plesiomorphic humerus morphology. Our work is based on 3D models, establishing a publicly available digital database. Previously defined terms for anatomical sides of the humerus (e.g., dorsal, ventral) are often not aligned with the respective body sides in turtles and other quadrupedal animals with sprawling gait. We propose alternative anatomical directional terms to simplify communication: radial and ulnar (the sides articulating with the radius/ulna), capitular (the side bearing the humeral head), and intertubercular (opposite to capitular surface). Turtle humeri show low morphological variation with exceptions concentrated in locomotory specialists. We propose 15 discrete characters to summarize osteological variation for future phylogenetic studies. Disparity analyses comparing non‐shelled and shelled turtles indicate that the presence of the shell constrains humerus variation. Flippered aquatic turtles are released from this constraint and significantly increase overall disparity. Ontogenetic changes of turtle humeri are related to increased ossification and pronunciation of the proximal processes, the distal articulation areas, and the closure of the ectepicondylar groove to a foramen. Some turtle species retain juvenile features into adulthood and provide evidence for paedomorphic evolution. We review major changes of turtle humerus morphology throughout the evolution of its stem group.
Livros sobre o assunto "Animals, Fossil – Juvenile fiction"
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ill, Watkinson Brent, ed. Land of the thundering herds. New York: Philomel Books, 1993.
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Scrace, Carolyn. Prehistoric Animals. Brighton: Book House, 2010.
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Talbott, Hudson. We're back!: A dinosaur's story. New York: Crown, 1987.
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Press, Sizzle. Ice age collision course seek and find. New York: Sizzle Press, 2016.
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Platt, Kin. Darwin and the great beasts. New York: Greenwillow Books, 1992.
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David, Norman. Prehistoric life: The rise of the vertebrates. New York, USA: Macmillan, 1994.
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David, Norman. Prehistoric life: The rise of the vertebrates. London: Boxtree, 1994.
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Krulik, Nancy E. Ice Age: The classic storybook. [New York]: HarperEntertainment, 2002.
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Weston, Martha. Dr. Clock-sicle. New York: Holiday House, 2004.
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Casad, Mary Brooke. Bluebonnet at Dinosaur Valley State Park. Gretna, La: Pelican, 1990.
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Hansell, Mike. "From One Nest to Another". In Built by Animals, 121–46. Oxford University PressOxford, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199205561.003.0005.
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Abstract When I was a child, dinosaurs were grey and lumbering; rather more than half a century on, they have become agile, dappled, striped, even sporting splashes of vivid colour. The speed and agility now depicted is based largely on a reappraisal of the fossil skeletons, but the colours are entirely fanciful, more the consequence of cheaper colour printing than of improved scientific understanding. So, how much fiction is there in our depiction of other aspects of dinosaurs’ lives? I have a copy of a recently published biology textbook which shows a duck-billed dinosaur stooping as an attentive parent over a nest-full of ‘chicks’ among a small colony of other ground-nesting duck-bills.
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Canavan, Gerry. "The Anthropocene and Ecosophy". In The Oxford Handbook of New Science Fiction Cinemas, 181—C12S1. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197557723.013.11.
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Abstract Popularized by Paul Crutzen, the “Anthropocene” names the present geological era, when the effects of human activity on the environment are becoming visible in the planet’s geological, climatological, and fossil record. Much contemporary science fiction (sf) film frames itself as a response to climate change and related ecological crises, visualizing transformations in the global climate, while suggesting how we might counter such trends. These films typically favor a radical, “deep ecological” politics that seeks to imagine alternative relationships between humans, animals, and the natural world. This chapter examines this dual agenda of representation and political activism, considering how these goals align and how they are at odds. It examines Simon Wells’s version of The Time Machine, which uses time-lapse cinematography and the orbital zoom out to visualize the vastness of the Anthropocene—effects that demonstrate the temporal and spatial dislocation that has become common to sf cinema’s environmentalist rhetoric.