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Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021
Última modificação: 28 de janeiro de 2023

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Anemia Tanzania Nutritional aspects"

1

Mrimi, Emmanuel C., Marta S. Palmeirim, Elihaika G. Minja, Kurt Z. Long e Jennifer Keiser. "Malnutrition, anemia, micronutrient deficiency and parasitic infections among schoolchildren in rural Tanzania". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, n.º 3 (4 de março de 2022): e0010261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010261.

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Background Malnutrition, anemia, micronutrient deficiency and parasitic infections continue to impact the nutritional status and health of children in lower-income countries. However, not enough data concerning this issue is available. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of nutritional indicators, anemia and micronutrient deficiency and their underlying risk factors among schoolchildren in south-eastern Tanzania. Methodology/Principal findings This cross-sectional study enrolled primary schoolchildren aged 6–12 years from Kikwawila and Kiberege wards, Tanzania. In total, 471 schoolchildren underwent a physical examination and provided blood, stool and urine samples for an assessment of the levels of different micronutrients, nutritional and anemia status, and parasitic infection status. We employed bivariate and multivariate logistic regression to determine the association between nutritional statuses, anemia, micronutrient deficiency and parasitic infections. We found that 23.90%, 12.60% and 16.20% of schoolchildren were stunted, underweight and wasted, respectively. About 14.0% of schoolchildren were found to be anemic. Children diagnosed with Plasmodium falciparum infection were more likely to have low levels of ferritin (aOR: 10.40, 95% CI: 2.88-40.53) and elevated levels of serum soluble transferrin receptor (aOR: 3.59, 95% CI: 1.27-11.23), respectively. Vitamin A (34.71%) and vitamin B12 (8.79%) were the most prevalent micronutrients found to be deficient in diagnosed children. Finally, we found that schoolchildren attending the most rural schools were five times more likely to be diagnosed with at least one micronutrient deficiency (aOR: 5.04, 95% CI: 2.38–11.44). Conclusions/Significance Malnutrition, anemia and micronutrient deficiency still pose a significant health burden among schoolchildren living in rural Tanzania. To effectively tackle this burden, health interventions such as deworming, micronutrient supplementation, vector control, health education and access to clean water and improved sanitation should be strengthened and made sustainable.
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Cox, S. E., J. Makani, A. J. Fulford, A. N. Komba, D. Soka, T. N. Williams, C. R. Newton, K. Marsh e A. M. Prentice. "Nutritional status, hospitalization and mortality among patients with sickle cell anemia in Tanzania". Haematologica 96, n.º 7 (1 de abril de 2011): 948–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2010.028167.

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Eleraky, Laila, Ramula Issa, Sónia Maciel, Hadijah Mbwana, Constance Rybak, Jan Frank e Wolfgang Stuetz. "Anthropometrics, Hemoglobin Status and Dietary Micronutrient Intake among Tanzanian and Mozambican Pigeon Pea Farmers". Nutrients 14, n.º 14 (15 de julho de 2022): 2914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14142914.

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Inadequate consumption of micronutrient-dense and protein-rich foods such as vegetables, legumes and meat is an important contributing cause for anemia and deficiencies of vitamin A and iron in rural communities of Tanzania and Mozambique. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the nutritional status (anthropometrics and hemoglobin) and diets in particular micronutrient intake of female and male pigeon pea farmers from Lindi, Tanzania, and Gurué, the Zambézia province of Mozambique. A total of 1526 farmers (669 from Tanzania, 857 from Mozambique) were studied, of whom 16% were overweight and 35% were anemic. The highest prevalence of overweight and anemia, at 35% and 48%, was observed in Tanzanian and Mozambican women, respectively. Overall, only a small proportion of women and men reached the recommended daily dietary intake of vitamin A (10%), iron (51%) and zinc (44%). Multiple regression models revealed that dark green leafy vegetables (DGLVs) highly predicted vitamin A intake, whereas legumes in Tanzania and starchy plants in Mozambique were actually the dominant sources of vitamin A. Cereals covered over half of the iron and the zinc intake in both countries. An increased consumption of micronutrient-rich DGLVs and legumes, while reducing the high amounts of refined maize or polished rice, is suggested to counteract the high prevalence of anemia and overweight among smallholder farmers in East and South Eastern Africa.
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Febriani, Tisa Ayu, Ratnawati, Wiryanto e Nurul Wahdah. "Analysis of the Relationship of Nutritional Status and Learning Achievement of Students of IT Madina Junior High School Samarinda 2022". Formosa Journal of Science and Technology 1, n.º 7 (30 de novembro de 2022): 931–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/fjst.v1i7.1887.

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Learning achievement is generally related to aspects of knowledge while learning outcomes include aspects of student character formation. Factors that can improve learning achievement include students' nutritional status. This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status and student achievement at SMP IT Madina Samarinda. This research is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional approach. The research location is SMP IT Madina Samarinda. The population in this study were 138 female students. The sample size in this study was 57 female students who were taken by random sampling. Data processing used univariate and bivariate data analysis. The research results used Kendall's Tau B statistical test with p <0.05. There is no relationship between BMI/U nutritional status and learning achievement p value = 0.894 > α=0.05, there is no relationship between anemia nutritional status and learning achievement p value = 0.671> α=0.05 and there is no relationship between knowledge of anemia and anemia 0.244 >α = 0.05. There is no significant relationship between BMI/U nutritional status and student achievement at SMP IT Madina Samarinda.
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Mboya, Innocent B., Redempta Mamseri, Beatrice J. Leyaro, Johnston George, Sia E. Msuya e Melina Mgongo. "Prevalence and factors associated with anemia among children under five years of age in Rombo district, Kilimanjaro region, Northern Tanzania". F1000Research 9 (19 de janeiro de 2022): 1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24707.2.

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Background: Anemia is a severe public health problem affecting more than half of children under five years of age in low-, middle- and high-income countries. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anemia among children under five years of age in northern Tanzania. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Rombo district, Kilimanjaro region, northern Tanzania, in April 2016. Multistage sampling technique was used to select a total of 602 consenting mothers and their children aged 6-59 months and interviewed using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Stata version 15.1. We used generalized linear models (binomial family and logit link function) with a robust variance estimator to determine factors associated with anemia. Results: Prevalence of anemia was 37.9%, and it was significantly higher among children aged 6-23 months (48.3%) compared to those aged 24-59 months (28.5%). There were no significant differences in anemia prevalence by sex of the child. Adjusted for other factors, children aged 6-23 months had over two times higher odds of being anemic (OR=2.47, 95% CI 1.73, 3.53, p<0.001) compared to those aged 24-59 months. No significant association was found between maternal and nutritional characteristics with anemia among children in this study. Conclusion: Prevalence of anemia was lower than the national and regional estimates, and it still constitutes a significant public health problem, especially among children aged 6-23 months. The study recommends iron supplementation, food fortification, dietary diversification, and management of childhood illnesses interventions for mothers and children under two years.
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Mboya, Innocent B., Redempta Mamseri, Beatrice J. Leyaro, Johnston George, Sia E. Msuya e Melina Mgongo. "Prevalence and factors associated with anemia among children under five years of age in Rombo district, Kilimanjaro region, Northern Tanzania". F1000Research 9 (7 de setembro de 2020): 1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24707.1.

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Background: Anemia is a severe public health problem affecting more than half of children under five years of age in low-, middle- and high-income countries. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anemia among children under five years of age in northern Tanzania. Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted in Rombo district, Kilimanjaro region, northern Tanzania in April 2016. Multistage sampling technique was used to select a total of 602 consenting mothers and their children aged 6-59 months and interviewed using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Stata version 15.1. We used generalized linear models (binomial family and logit link function) with robust variance estimator to determine factors associated with anemia. Results: Prevalence of anemia was 37.9%, and it was significantly higher among children aged 6-23 months (48.3%) compared to those aged 24-59 months (28.5%). There were no significant differences in anemia prevalence by sex of the child. Adjusted for other factors, children aged 6-23 months had over two times higher odds of being anemic (OR=2.44, 95% CI 1.71, 3.49, p<0.001) compared to those aged 24-59 months. No significant association was found between maternal and nutritional characteristics with anemia among children in this study. Conclusion: Prevalence of anemia was lower than the national and regional prevalence but it still constitutes a significant public health problem, especially among children aged 6-23 months. Interventions such as iron supplementation, food fortification and dietary diversification and management of childhood illnesses in this setting should be targeted towards mothers and children less than two years.
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Romano, Antonino Davide, Annalisa Paglia, Francesco Bellanti, Rosanna Villani, Moris Sangineto, Gianluigi Vendemiale e Gaetano Serviddio. "Molecular Aspects and Treatment of Iron Deficiency in the Elderly". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, n.º 11 (28 de maio de 2020): 3821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21113821.

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Iron deficiency (ID) is the most frequent nutritional deficiency in the whole population worldwide, and the second most common cause of anemia in the elderly. The prevalence of anemia is expecting to rise shortly, because of an ageing population. Even though WHO criteria define anemia as a hemoglobin serum concentration <12 g/dL in women and <13 g/dL in men, several authors propose different and specific cut-off values for the elderly. Anemia in aged subjects impacts health and quality of life, and it is associated with several negative outcomes, such as longer time of hospitalization and a higher risk of disability. Furthermore, it is an independent risk factor of increased morbidity and mortality. Even though iron deficiency anemia is a common disorder in older adults, it should be not considered as a normal ageing consequence, but a sign of underlying dysfunction. Relating to the molecular mechanism in Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA), hepcidin has a key role in iron homeostasis. It downregulates the iron exporter ferroportin, inhibiting both iron absorption and release. IDA is frequently dependent on blood loss, especially caused by gastrointestinal lesions. Thus, a diagnostic algorithm for IDA should include invasive investigation such as endoscopic procedures. The treatment choice is influenced by the severity of anemia, underlying conditions, comorbidities, and the clinical state of the patient. Correction of anemia and iron supplementation should be associated with the treatment of the causal disease.
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Antelman, Gretchen, Gernard I. Msamanga, Donna Spiegelman, Ernest J. N. Urassa, Raymond Narh, David J. Hunter e Wafaie W. Fawzi. "Nutritional Factors and Infectious Disease Contribute to Anemia among Pregnant Women with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Tanzania". Journal of Nutrition 130, n.º 8 (1 de agosto de 2000): 1950–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/130.8.1950.

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Yang, Y. H. "DID WE FULFILL OUR NUTRITIONAL RESPONSIBILITY?" HortScience 27, n.º 6 (junho de 1992): 675d—675. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.675d.

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Vegetable crops supply esseential vitamina and minerals for human nutrition and survival. However, most scientists concentrated their effort on crops low in nutrition value, causing much health problem in the developing world. In Asia alone, 300,000 children blind each year due to vitamin A deficiency and 40% population suffered from iron-deficient anemia. Their health and social consequence was unmeasurable. A practical remedy was to increase consumption of DGLVs through home garden program. Field experiment conducted in East-West Center in Hawaii documented that a 200 sq. ft. small garden could yield vegetable fulfilling RDA of 5 people 200% of vitamin A value and ascorbic acid, 27% iron and 9% protein. Promotion of home garden program requires research, training and education, codination, and policy support. Horticulturists should play important role on all these aspects. Seeds for Peace Project and proposal for establishing home garden training centers at different levels will be reported.
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Pandey, Chandra M. "Statistical Aspects of Community Health and Nutrition". Indian Journal of Community Health 32, n.º 2 (30 de junho de 2020): 468. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2020.v32i02.032.

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One of the most common problems with the area of health and nutritional research is the limited number of quality books available that can provide research methodology, health indicators and their trend in a single volume. Statistical Aspects of Community Health and Nutrition is a one of the problem-based text book which completely fulfils the gap and stands to our expectations. This book is a single but comprehensive resource on maternal and infant mortality, anemia especially in adolescents and women in reproductive age group and, their causes, prevention, evaluation and validation methods including 30 clusters design, logistic regression and findings of recent relevant studies. Despite above, author also discusses the food insecurity and hunger, tuberculosis, influenza like prevalent diseases, their hotspot and available estimates, techniques for analyzing multiple response data, and small area estimation.
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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Anemia Tanzania Nutritional aspects"

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Mwanri, Lillian. "Impact of vitamin A and iron on anaemia and cognitive functioning of anaemic school children in Tanzania". Title page, table of contents and summary only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm994.pdf.

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Urassa, David Paradiso. "Quality Aspects of Maternal Health Care in Tanzania". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distrubutör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4221.

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Jean-Baptiste, Johanne. "Nutritional analysis of foodmedicinal plants used by Haitian women to treat the symptoms anemia". Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68186.

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Ethnobotanical and dietary questionnaires were used to assess the utilization of plants to treat the signs and symptoms of anemia by women in La Chapelle, Haiti. The usual diet of respondents was found to be low to intermediate in iron bioavailability. The ethnobotanical questionnaire showed that most respondents (82%) used plant-based home remedies to treat anemia Amaranthus dubius, Citrus aurantium, Corchorus olitorius, Moringa oleifera, Phaseolus vulgaris and Portulaca oleracea used in the diet and as remedies for anemia were analyzed. Amaranthus dubius was found to have the higher in availability by in-vitro dialysis, 30%. The intra species variation in iron availability was influenced by storage and cooking times. The interspecies variation in iron availability was explained by the acidity of the plant species' cooked homogenate (r = 0.4168, p = 0.007).
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Murphy, Patricia 1977. "Prevalence and dietary predictors of iron deficiency anemia in women 1-year postpartum living in central Montreal". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82298.

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We estimated the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in women 1-year postpartum in central Montreal. Blood samples were obtained by venipuncture and questionnaires administered. Iron intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Mothers with at least two of the following laboratory values were considered to have IDA: serum ferritin (SF) < 12 mug/L, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) < 80 fL and hemoglobin (Hb) < 120 g/L. Blood samples were analysed for 201 women. The estimates of prevalence of anemia (Hb < 120 g/L), iron deficiency (SF < 12 mug/L) and IDA were 7.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.8%-10.9%), 5.5% (95% CI 2.5%-8.9%) and 2.5% (95% CI 0.3%-4.7%) respectively. No significant differences were observed between level of income and anemia, iron deficiency and IDA rates. Anemia was not related to dietary iron intake. In conclusion, the prevalence of IDA is low among healthy women 1-year postpartum in central Montreal.
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Tshitaudzi, Gilbert Tshimangadzo. "Nutritional status of pregnant women (under 20 years of age) with special emphasis on iron and folic acid status". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53529.

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Thesis (Mnutr)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Pregnancy and growth have been found to have a detrimental effect on the micronutrient status of adolescent girls. Dietary studies in adolescents have shown serious shortfalls in their dietary iron and folate intake. The competition for nutrients between the fetus and a pregnant adolescent may carry the risk of complications such as intrauterine growth retardation, pre-eclampsia, both maternal and fetal intrapartum mortality, the increased risk of birth injuries and low birth weight. The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional status of rural black, pregnant teenagers attending the antenatal clinic at Siloam Hospital in the Limpopo Province, with special emphasis on iron and folic acid intake, and evaluation of the newborn babies in terms of weight status and neural tube defects. The nutritional status was determined in 40 pregnant and 40 non-pregnant adolescent girls. The pregnant girls were selected during their first visit to the antenatal clinic, and the non-pregnant girls were selected from nearby schools. The demographic and dietary history questionnaires were used to collect information from the subjects. The dietary intake of the subjects was collected by the completion of a pre-tested quantified food frequency questionnaire. The anthropometric questionnaire was used to get information from the pregnant adolescents and the control group. The infant anthropometric measurements questionnaire provided information on the infant and the outcome of birth. Blood was collected from the pregnant adolescent girls and the control subjects. Anaemia was observed in 57.5% of the pregnant and 27.5% of the non-pregnant adolescents (haemoglobin AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar is bevind dat swangerskap en groei 'n nadelige effek het op die mikronutriëntstatus van vroulike adolessente. Dieetstudies in adolessente het ernstige tekortkominge in dieetyster- en folaatinnames getoon. Die kompetisie vir nutriente tussen die fetus en die swanger adolessent kan verantwoordelik wees vir komplikasies soos intra-uterine groeivertraging, preeklampsie, verhoogde mortaliteit van beide moeder en baba tydens kraam, 'n verhoogde risiko vir geboortebeserings en lae geboortegewig. Die doel van die studie was om die effek van voedingstatus by swart, swanger tieners by die voorgeboortekliniek in Siloam Hospital in die Limpopo-provinsie te bepaal, met spesifieke verwysing na die yster- en foliensuurinname, asook die evaluering van die pasgebore babas in terme van gewig en neurale buis defekte. Die voedingstatus van 40 swanger en 40 nie-swanger adolessente meisies IS bepaal. Die swanger meisies is ewekansig geselekteer gedurende die eerste besoek aan die voorgeboortekliniek , en die nie-swanger meisies is geselekteer by nabygeleë skole. Die demografiese en dieetgeskiedenisvraelyste is gebruik om inligting van die proefpersone in te samel. Voorafgetoetste gekwantifiseerde voedselfrekwensie vraelyste is gebruik om die voedselinname van proefpersone te bepaal. Antropometriese vraelyste is gebruik om antropometriese inligting van die swanger adolessente en die kontrole groep. Die antropometriese vraelys vir babas is gebruik om inligting ten opsigte van die baba aan te teken asook die verloop van die swangerskap. Bloedmonsters is van die swanger tieners en die kontrole groep ingesamel. Anemie is waargeneem by 57.5% van die swanger en 27.5% van die nie-swanger adolessente (hemoglobien
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Mwanri, Lillian. "Impact of vitamin A and iron on anaemia and cognitive functioning of anaemic school children in Tanzania / Lillian Mwanri". Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21747.

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Gute, Tsegaye Alemu. "The development of a community based prevention model for under nutritional status among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia". Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26706.

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Post-natal care is a care given to the mother and the newborn during post-natal period. This period is crucial to save the lives of the mother and the newborn. Despite its importance, the utilisation of this service is very low in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to establish the views and experiences of women and health care workers on post-natal care services and determine the factors influencing its utilisation with the ultimate purpose of developing guidelines to improve uptake and quality of the services in South West Shoa Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The objectives of the study were to explore and describe the women’s views and experiences on utilisation of post-natal care service. Furthermore, the study sought to explore and describe health care workers views and experiences on provision of the services and to assess the factors facilitating or hindering to the utilisation of it. Ultimately, the study had intended to develop guidelines that would contribute towards improving the uptake and quality of the post-natal care services. The study used a qualitative descriptive and explorative research design to address the research questions. Qualitative data were collected from 19 women who gave birth in the past six months and from 24 health care workers providing post-natal care services (health care workers and health extension workers) and coordinating the overall maternal, neonatal and child health services in the study area (Zone and district health officials; primary health care units heads). The study used in-depth interview guides to collect data from the aforementioned study participants. Inductive thematic analysis was performed on the verbatim transcriptions using the Atlas ti version 8 qualitative data analysis software. Overall, the emerged themes from the analysis are categorised into women’s views and experiences on utilisation of PNC services, views and experiences of health care workers on PNC and factors facilitating and hindering the utilisation of PNC services. The study identified wide range of socio-cultural, knowledge and attitude related, physical, health facility related and health care workers related factors affecting the utilisation of post-natal care services. Consequently, after a systemic review of literature and stakeholders consultation the researcher used the findings of the study to develop guidelines to improve the uptake and quality of post-natal care services. The developed guidelines were also validated by maternal, neonatal and child health service providers and program leaders and the researcher strongly recommend the use of the developed guidelines that would improve the uptake and quality of post-natal care services.
Health Studies
Ph. D. (Public Health)
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Bekele, Wegderes Ketema. "Food-based strategies to improve iron status of pregnant women : randomized controlled trial". Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25801.

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This parallel randomized control trial study assessed the effect of food-based strategies in improving the haemoglobin level; decreasing anaemia and thus the iron status of pregnant women. The study randomized 195 anaemic women enrolled from four randomly selected health centres in Dire Dawa while attending ANC into two intervention groups and control; and followed for 12weeks. The study intervened diet-based supplementation of 90mg/day vitamin C divided and consumed in three doses; combined with nutrition education intervention in intervention group 1; while only nutrition education intervention in group 2. Dietary diversity was assessed using past 24-hours and 7-days dietary recall approaches and haemoglobin levels were determined at baseline and end-line and compared to analyse treatment effects. By end of the study, intervention group 1 and 2 had significantly increased mean haemoglobin by 0.77 ± 0.11gm/dl and 0.398 ± 0.073gm/dl respectively; however, the control had significant decrease by -0.193 ± 0.05gm/dl. Anaemia prevalence also significantly decreased by 29% and 19.7% in intervention group 1 and 2 respectively. However, all women in the control were anaemic. Intervention group 1 and 2 also had significantly higher dietary diversity, consumption of vitamin C-rich fruits and vegetables, nutritional knowledge and modification practices. The researcher thus concludes that diet-based vitamin C supplementation integrated with nutrition education has a significant effect in improving haemoglobin, decreasing anaemia and thus improving the iron status of pregnant women in Dire Dawa. Based on the findings, the researcher developed a framework for an integrated food-based strategy for improving the iron status of pregnant women in Ethiopia.
Health Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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Livros sobre o assunto "Anemia Tanzania Nutritional aspects"

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National Workshop on the Control of Nutritional Anaemia in Tanzania (1st 1991 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania). Proceedings of the First National Workshop on the Control of Nutritional Anaemia in Tanzania: 1st-5th July 1991. Dar es Salaam: The Centre, 1992.

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2

Yun, Lin, ed. Qiang jian gu ge yu fang pin xue de yin shi. Taibei Shi: Zhu fu zhi you chu ban shi ye you xian gong si, 1998.

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3

translator, Yi Chu-gwan, e Pak Hyŏn-a. translator, eds. Manhwa ro ihae sik'inda uulchŭng mŏgŭmyŏnsŏ t'alch'ul: Chŏngsinkwa ŭisa 'maŭm ŭi pyŏng' hoebok p'ŭrojekt'ŭ. Sŏul-si: Ch'ŏnghong, 2019.

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4

Yehuda, Shlomo. Iron deficiency and overload: From basic biology to clinical medicine. New York, N.Y: Humana Press, 2010.

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5

Prenatal nutrition: Clinical guidelines for nurses. White Plains, N.Y: March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, 1988.

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6

Usha, Ramakrishnan, ed. Nutritional anemias. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2000.

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7

Ramakrishnan, Usha. Nutritional Anemias. Taylor & Francis Group, 2000.

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8

Ramakrishnan, Usha. Nutritional Anemias. Taylor & Francis Group, 2000.

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9

Shutao, Cai, ed. Pin xue. Taibei Shi: Xin chao she wen hua shi ye you xian gong si, 2005.

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10

Safe Water, Sanitation, and Early Childhood Malnutrition in East Africa: An African Feminist Analysis of the Lives of Women in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Lexington Books/Fortress Academic, 2018.

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