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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Analyse multi-Omique"
Dutertre, Charles-Antoine, e Florent Ginhoux. "Identification des cellules dendritiques inflammatoires par analyse multi-omique". médecine/sciences 36, n.º 11 (novembro de 2020): 976–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2020152.
Texto completo da fonteIperi, C., Á. Fernández-Ochoa, J. O. Pers, G. Barturen, M. E. Alarcon-Riquelme, C. C. Precisesads, R. Quirantes-Piné et al. "L’intégration d’une analyse multi-omique révèle des altérations métaboliques des lymphocytes B au cours du lupus érythémateux systémique". Revue du Rhumatisme 91 (dezembro de 2024): A142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rhum.2024.10.447.
Texto completo da fonteTeses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Analyse multi-Omique"
Crespo, Marion. "Analyse multi-omique des acylations de lysines d'histones pendant la gamétogénèse". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAV066.
Texto completo da fonteThe innovative aspect of this project lies in the study of acylations at lysine 27 from histone H3 (H3K27), conventionally studied in a methylated or an acetylated form. We performed this work on meiotic and post-meiotic mouse germ cells. Spermiogenesis, which involves a specific expression program as well as a fine regulation of transcription, is a process that is particularly well suited to understanding the roles of new histone modifications. This work combines the use of four different omics approaches, namely proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics and ChIP- sequencing to decipher the regulation of acylations on H3K27.In the first part of this project, we explored the dynamics of acetylation and crotonylation on histone lysines during the processes of yeast sporulation and mouse spermatogenesis, which allowed us to highlight in particular crotonylated H3K27. Its accumulation on the histone variant H3.3 and its important stoichiometry compared to the acetylated form H3K27ac in mouse post-meiotic germ cells led us to study the genomic distribution of this mark by ChIP-seq analysis. The comparative analysis of H3K27ac and H3K27cr revealed a synergy between the presence of these acylations at both promoters and distal enhancers, suggesting a possible alternation of the two marks to regulate transcription. At the promoter level, we observed an increase of these modifications between the meiotic and post-meiotic stages upstream of the genes characteristic of spermiogenesis. In addition, the simultaneous presence of the two marks coincides with the co-localization of several transcriptional regulators specific for this process (SLY, SOX30) and of chromatin-binding proteins (BRD4, BORIS and CTCF), whereas a binding selectivity is observed when H3K27ac and H3K27cr are identified alone at promoters. Interestingly, we observe similar results at enhancers as well as super-enhancers, confirming that the regulation of transcription is modulated by the alternative presence of these two acylations.The second part of my thesis focused on the study of the possible propionylation and butyrylation of H3K27 during yeast sporulation and mouse spermatogenesis. However, this part proved to be full of surprises because the MS/MS analyses and the comparison with the corresponding synthetic peptides did not make it possible to validate a propionylation and a butyrylation on H3K27. It turned out that the modifications observed on H3K27 from mouse histones were strictly isobaric with these known modifications, but of a different nature, since they are more hydrophilic. Several hypotheses were tested in order to determine the structure of these modifications, but at the time of finalizing this manuscript, we have not found out what it is all about.My PhD work contributes further to the idea of a dynamics between acetylation and acylations on lysine residues at the origin of the differential binding of chromatin-binding proteins responsible for regulating transcription. It also highlighted an important role of H3K27crat enhancers which are not classically considered in studies aiming at understanding the roles of new acylations
Ngo, Carine. "Caractérisation de l’hétérogénéité moléculaire des sarcomes épithélioïdes par analyse multi-omique et transcriptomique sur cellule unique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASL085.
Texto completo da fonteEpithelioid sarcoma (EpS) is an ultra- rare, aggressive sarcoma, occurring in all age groups, with two traditionally recognized clinicopathological entities – the distal and proximal subtypes – suggesting the presence of inter-tumor heterogeneity. Like rhabdoid tumors in infants, EpS is characterized by the loss of SMARCB1, a core subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex. Using bulk multi-omics and single-cell transcriptomic data, we identified two molecular transcriptomic subtypes – “distal-like” and “proximal-like" – which only partly overlap with the traditional clinicopathological entities. The distal-like molecular subtype of tumors, which included all distal morphological subtypes and a subset of proximal and mixed subtypes, expressed specific epithelial to mesenchymal transition markers including DSG2 (desmoglein 2), which might be routinely assessed by immunohistochemistry. They also displayed higher density of peritumoral CD8+ T cells and pro-tumoral myeloid cells. By contrast, the proximal-like molecular subtype of tumors, which was associated with worse outcome, displayed a higher density of intratumoral pro-tumoral M2 macrophages and high inter-tumoral heterogeneity, with some cases resembling other SMARCB1-deficient tumors by DNA methylation profiling. The identification of these two molecular subtypes open new opportunities for treatment, understanding of biology and future translational research in EpS
Bernard, Maria. "Étude du rôle fonctionnel du microbiote intestinal dans l'adaptation à un régime sous optimal et dans l'efficience alimentaire de la poule pondeuse en utilisant une approche multi-omique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASB075.
Texto completo da fonteChickens are the most widely exploited farmed animal species in the world, and eggs, in addition to their undeniable nutritional qualities, represent the least expensive animal-based resource for human consumption. The poultry industry strives to optimize production, in particular by improving feed efficiency, an important factor in ensuring farm profitability while reducing environmental impact. This complex trait is influenced by genetics and the environment, but more and more studies are also confirming the role of the intestinal microbiota. It is involved in the breakdown of food and produces numerous metabolites that protect the host and influence its metabolism. Several associations have been established between the microbiota and growth, health, performance and feed efficiency traits.This thesis presents an analysis of the caecal microbiota of laying hens from two lines divergently selected for feed efficiency. As diet influences both feed efficiency and microbiota composition, these two lines were fed two diets, one optimal and the other reduced in energy and enriched in fiber. To characterize the microbial ecosystems, three omics approaches were used: metabarcoding sequencing targeting the 16S rRNA gene, metagenomics (full DNA sequencing) and metatranscriptomics (full RNA sequencing). While metabarcoding enables less resolutive characterization of microbial communities and functions than the other two, the latter are more costly and present significant experimental and methodological challenges.This thesis therefore aims to answer biological and methodological questions: i) to identify the role of the caecal microbiota in the feed efficiency of laying hens, ii) to assess the impact of diet on the microbiota and its role in feed efficiency, iii) to compare different omics approaches to answer these questions.Analysis of these data revealed differences in taxonomic and functional compositions, both by line and by diet. Furthermore, hypotheses concerning the role of the microbiota in animal feed efficiency are conditioned by the diet used to feed the animals. In particular, they involve the capacity to degrade various carbohydrates (starch or indigestible fibers) and result in the differentiated production of short-chain fatty acids known to influence host metabolism. From a methodology analysis perspective, tools and strategies have been compared to establish a processing chain for these sequences, while highlighting obstacles and difficulties requiring future development.This thesis provides new insights into the role of the microbiota in the feed efficiency of laying hens, with particular emphasis on its metabolic functions. It also highlights the advantages and limitations of the three omics techniques used. Further analysis is needed, however, to integrate the results from these different omics approaches more completely, and to refine the identification of the microbial activities involved