Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Africa Railways"
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1
Johnson, Ian Lyndon. "Multilingualism and linguistic landscapes across space and time in the public railway system in South Africa: A multisemiotic analysis". University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6647.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDDuring apartheid, the infrastructure in South Africa was built by the government and was designed to keep Blacks away from White areas. This infrastructure comprised inter alia the public railway system which was intended to benefit mainly the White minority population, as it momentarily allowed Blacks to provide the cheap labour needed in White areas and businesses. While Whites predominantly resided within the suburbs adjacent to the railways, Blacks were relegated to the outskirts of the cities to areas which became known as townships and homelands. Racial segregation was rigorously enforced and consequently, the signs displayed in trains and on railway infrastructure primarily served to demarcate spaces and places that were designated for use by either Whites or Blacks, respectively. Against this backdrop, the main aim of this research was to present an ethnographic, multisemiotic study of the linguistic landscape (LL) of the public railways in post-apartheid South Africa across space and time. The study focussed on the languages used on signs displayed in the individual research sites. A mixed-methods research design was employed which entailed consideration of both quantitative and qualitative data. Thus, data was collected during ethnographic fieldwork over a six month period and was analysed using a multimodal/multisemiotic approach. The results reveal insights into the social structuring of languages and the mobility of linguistic and semiotic resources across regional and national boundaries in space and time since the end of apartheid.
2
Roden, John. "The Anglican Church Railway Mission in southern Africa 1885-1980". Thesis, University of York, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284122.
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3
Thako, Luba Jean-Pierre. "Railway Tunnels Management System in South Africa – Concrete Structural Elements". Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31283.
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A reliable transportation network is key to economic development and social well-being of communities. Since 19th century, rail transport has provided the most efficient link between South African’s wealthy mineral heartland and the seaports. In developing this rail network, a considerable number of railway tunnels were built due to the topography of the coastal regions. These tunnels are ageing, their operational and environmental conditions are constantly changing. Thus, their management practice should be optimised to adequately respond to the needs of the organisations managing them and for them to continue providing a safe and sustainable service. Therefore, this study reviewed the current railway tunnels management practice in South Africa and proposed an approach to improve it, considering the existing structures management systems. Further, it focuses on the concrete structural elements and their related defects due to the harsh environments of these tunnels. Therefore, the Procedures to enhance tunnels management applied consisted in outlining the gaps uncovered in the current railway tunnels management practice in South Africa and enhance this practice considering the structures management systems reviewed. This is done by improving the components of each module and integrating them in the proposed railway tunnels management system in South Africa. First, it dealt with the inventory module, designed inventory forms for items and for concrete structural elements and their components to record, inspect and monitor. Second, it designed a Tunnel Inspection Programme that set the inspection intervals, the requirements for the inspection team members, the tools and techniques and procedures to apply. This programme specified also the method of evaluating the defects and the definition of the score and the relative score of the components of elements and the health of the tunnel. Third, it developed a Tunnel Monitoring System that targeted the most critical and vulnerable elements and set the techniques and tools to monitor them. Finally, it integrated all the modules in the system designed. As results, this research has proposed a computerised tunnel management system that enhances the current practice in South Africa. This arises from the scrutinised practice in light of the existing structures management systems reviewed. From the analysis of the existing inventory data on railway tunnels and on the heavy haul lines in South Africa, relevant information was obtained. Thus, an inventory module has been developed comprising tunnel inventory forms that classify the items to be recorded and inspected. This module also described the concrete structural elements and their specific components. A Tunnel Inspection Programme has been designed, specifying the frequency of inspections based on the condition of tunnels, their ages, and the unpredictability and the harshness of their environments. This programme has also promoted the relevant techniques to be applied to inspect concrete structural elements and the appropriate tools to be used. Additionally, the requirements for inspection team concerning the qualifications and experience of each member have been provided. This programme has also recommended the use of the current DER rating system, emphasising that the scope of this study refers to concrete structural elements that should all be rated and recorded. Additionally, it has designed a Tunnel Monitoring System specific to the most critical and vulnerable concrete structural elements of railway tunnels. This system includes a set of tunnel monitoring strategies, the setting up of the system and the sensory system. It finally integrated all these sub-systems into the main Railway Tunnel Management System in South Africa. In conclusion, this research proposes the integrated computerised railway tunnel management system for South Africa. It also set the “big picture” of the overall tunnel structures and the tunnels on the heavy haul lines currently managed by Transnet TFR in South Africa. Additionally, it sustains the current DER rating system and proposes its application to all the defects on the concrete structural elements, instead of the worst defect on the inspected element. As recommendations, the railway tunnels authority should adopt a monitoring system for each tunnel on the heavy haul lines. Also, the authority should make available information on all existing monitoring systems on railway tunnels and the most critical data collected. Moreover, the authority should make available the previous railway tunnels inspection files to be uploaded to the proposed system. Apart from this, we recommend a further comprehensive study to integrate the inspection of non-structural elements to the proposed system. Finally, we recommend to the management authority to organise a comprehensive study of the water leakage issues on railway tunnels to better understand and adequately respond to them.
4
Whang, Patrick. "The collapse of a regional institution : the story of the East African Railways within the East African Community, 1967-1977". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20619.
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This dissertation examines the deterioration and collapse of the East African Railways Corporation (EARC) during the time of the East African Community (EAC), 1967-1977. The EARC has a long history that stretched back to the beginnings of colonial settlement in the East African region. It survived two world wars and a global economic depression, but just a few years after the independence of East African nations in the early 1960s, the EARC rapidly disintegrated. This then leads to the main project question: What were the causes that contributed to the collapse of the EARC? In order to address this question, I traveled to Nairobi in June 2015 to explore two archival sources: the Kenya National Archives and the Kenya National Railway Museum Archives. Both proved to be an invaluable repository of primary source material. In particular the main documents found were the business records describing the operations of the EARC during the period in question. In addition, with the help of a librarian at the Daily Nation newspaper in Nairobi, I was able to access archived newspaper articles on the EARC dating back to the years of interest. With this data and along with secondary source material, I conducted an analysis that triangulated these sources to provide a holistic picture of the events that affected the EARC. The narrative therefore demonstrates that while many factors contributed to the failure of the EARC what ultimately determined this were the nationalistic tendencies of representatives of EAC member states that overcame any centripetal forces of regional unity. There were also several events that precipitated the downfall of the EARC but ultimately it was the financial crisis of 1974 that proved decisive. This so-called crisis stemmed from a failure of each region to remit funds toward headquarters to be able to continue rail operations. This episode could not be blamed solely on foreign exchange concerns as some scholars have claimed. Instead the crisis exposed the long simmering national divisions that had manifested during this period. Each of the EAC partner states desired equitable treatment. When some perceived that they could not receive this through the operations of regional institutions such as the EARC, they engaged in actions that paralyzed EARC operations. This culminated in the complete fracturing of the EARC by 1977. 3 Since the end of the twentieth century, the EAC has been reborn and even expanded upon to include new member states beyond the original three of Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. The East African Railways have also risen from the ashes and in late 2013, the initiation of the expansion on the existing rail lines to reinvigorate the railways commenced. But have the lessons of the EARC been learnt to avoid a repeat of the emergence of regional disunity that caused its collapse? It remains to be seen.
5
Wright, L. S. "'Iron on iron': Modernism engaging apartheid in some South African Railway Poems". Routledge, 2011. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/2208/1/Iron_on_Iron_for_ESiA.pdf.
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Abstract
Modernism tends to be criticised, internationally, as politically conservative. The objection is often valid, although the charge says little about the quality of artistic achievement involved. This article argues that the alliance between Modernism and political conservatism is by no means a necessary one, and that there are instances where modernist vision has been used to convey substantive political insight, effective social critique and solid resistance. To illustrate the contrast,the article juxtaposes the abstract Modernism associated with Ben Nicholson and World War 2, with a neglected strain of South African railway poetry which uses modernist techniques to effect a powerful critique of South Africa’s apartheid
dispensation. The article sustains a distinction between universalising modernist art that requires ethical work from its audiences to achieve artistic completion, and art in which modernist vision performs the requisite ethical work within its own formal constraints. Four very different South African railway poems, by Dennis Brutus, John Hendrickse, Alan Paton, and Leonard Koza, are examined
and contextualised to demonstrate ways in which a modernist vision has been used to portray the social disruptions caused by apartheid. Modernist techniques are used to turn railway experience into a metonym for massive social disruption,without betraying the social reality of the transport technology involved.
6
Malongwe, Pamela. "Business and information strategic alignment of project and procurement management processes in the railway organisation in South Africa". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2741.
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Thesis (MTech (Business Information Systems))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.Railway organisations in South Africa are government parastatals. These organisations have embarked on mega modernisation programmes. Project and procurement process alignment is crucial to the successful implementation of such programmes, as the disconnect between the two processes may result in project cost overruns and escalations. Projects in the parastatal organisations are not completed on or executed according to the planned schedules. The two main research questions are stated as follows: i) What factors affect the alignment between procurement and project management processes in the South African railway organisation? ii) How can the parastatal organisation align the procurement and project management processes? For the research methodology, a subjectivist ontological and interpretivist epistemological stance was followed. The research approach is inductive, with a case study as strategy. Data collection was done on a non-random, purposively selected unit of analysis and observation. Purposive sampling allows the researcher to rely on his or her own judgement when choosing to participate in the study. Participants were selected based on characteristics of a population and the objectives of the study. The participants belong to three departments, namely IT, SCM, and the Project Management Office (Project Managers). These three departments were selected because of their relevance to the study. Interviews were conducted using semi-structured questionnaires. The instrument used was interview guide. Data was analysed by firstly transcribing the interviews. To confirm the correctness of the interviews, the data was validated. Data was further analysed by means of summarising, categorising, and conducting a thematic analysis. Ethical principles were followed in accordance with the policies and procedure of CPUT. The study revealed that project and procurement process misalignment in the railway sector in South Africa does exists. A detailed discussion of factors contributing to this misalignment are discussed further in chapter five and chapter six is recommendations.
7
Williams, Faizel. "Understanding Railway Trespassing in a South African City: The Case Of Cape Town". Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33094.
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Trespassing behaviour is a problem for railway operations and manifests itself through train-pedestrian collisions, incidents of theft and vandalism to rail infrastructure, as well as encroachment on railway property. The study has consisted of a quantitative and a qualitative part. The quantitative part analyses demographic, temporal and spatial data on train-pedestrian fatalities and injuries, as well as data on occurrences of theft and malicious damage to rail infrastructure in the Cape Town Functional Region between 2015 and 2018. The qualitative part presents the perspective from a diverse group of subject matter experts, having explored opinions on trespassing behaviours and preventative measures. Additionally, the trespassing behaviour at several sites was investigated and a case study evaluation of the efficacy of a pilot Rail Enforcement Unit was carried out. There were 456 railway-related deaths during the study period with 330 of this being train-pedestrian collisions. There were 4715 occurrences of theft and malicious damage to railway assets over the period. Several hot-spot areas were identified via the data and interviews with experts and several sites chosen for further verification. Site visits confirmed widespread trespassing behaviours with the two worst locations recording an average of over 300 persons in a 15-minute period. The case study reviewing the effectiveness of the security and enforcement countermeasure revealed that occurrences of train-pedestrian incidents, as well as security occurrences have increased by 1.4% and 7.5% respectively. Evidence of geographical displacement of crime is evident, suggesting that enforcement countermeasures are temporarily effective and need to be considered in combination with other measures to ensure its durability. In conclusion, this research presents a detailed analysis of railway trespassing and its main effects in order to understand the problem locally. Different approaches are required to combat the various guises of railway trespassing. Certain countermeasures may well be within the rail operator's remit, but essentially, the nature of problems experienced by the rail operator is beyond a rail problem, and requires a systems approach involving multiple authorities
8
Majavu, Mluleki Justice. "Application of a knowledge management system for tacit knowledge in the railway sector in South Africa". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2434.
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Thesis (MTech (Business Information Systems))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.This research reports on a study conducted in the railway industry in South Africa, the purpose being to help the railway industry by showing how a knowledge management system can be used in the task of extracting tacit knowledge. In the light of the fact that railways in many countries throughout the world function as an effective mass transportation system for passengers, this study aims to design and propose a model that will help the railway industry in South Africa in the task of implementing a knowledge management system to facilitate the process of extracting tacit knowledge from experienced employees and making it explicit knowledge in order to sustain railway system operations. This study looked at the process of designing a model that is presented as a recommendation to be used for a knowledge management system in the railway sector in South Africa. The aim of this study is not to provide a technical solution but to give a viable and workable reply to the main research question of this study: How can a knowledge management system be implemented or deployed to the railway sector?
9
Becker, Celia. "The role of the Pretoria-Pietersburg railway line in the Northern Transvaal during the South African War (1899-1902)". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78155.
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This dissertation intends to reconstruct accurately the events in the vicinity of the Pretoria-Pietersburg railway during the South African War (Anglo-Boer War) of 1899-1902 that influenced both the Boer and British war efforts and comment on the role played by the railway line in such events. The research question at the centre of this dissertation is the role and impact of the Pretoria-Pietersburg railway line on the trajectory of the War.Dissertation (MSocSci (History))--University of Pretoria, 2020.
2022/12/30
Historical and Heritage Studies
MSocSci (History)
Restricted
10
Demmerez, de Charmoy Christian Pierre. "Quantifying the economic benefits of gauge changes on the South African core railway network". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79224.
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In its white paper, the Department of Transport proposes a future South African core railway network which requires the conversion and construction of over 8,500 km of standard gauge railway track by 2050. The scale of the project would undeniably have a large cost attached to it which needs to be well understood before any of the construction takes place. Numerous studies regarding railway gauge have been conducted in South Africa, however, no single paper has addressed the issue of which specific railway corridors could economically benefit from a standard gauge intervention.
The purpose of the study was to identify which corridors in the South African core network could potentially benefit from a gauge change intervention. These identified corridors were then economically evaluated to determine which of the corridors would outperform the base case which was set as the Market Demand Strategy (MDS) plan. The three main gauge interventions which evaluated includes the direct conversion from narrow to standard gauge, the addition of a third rail to a narrow gauge line and the construction of a ring-fenced standard gauge line adjacent to a narrow gauge corridor. Lastly, simulations were carried out on the corridors which outperformed the base case, to establish how the operations of the corridor would be affected. Agent based simulation was conducted to understand the effects of the gauge changes performed on corridors which met the described criteria.
The conclusions of the study indicated that all of the corridors in the South African core network should follow the plans proposed in the MDS to achieve the maximum return for the analysis period, except for the Natal corridor. It was identified that the Natal corridor would benefit most from a standard gauge single line which would run concurrently with the narrow gauge corridor transporting containers and other general freight. The results of the study did not directly correlate with Department of Transport’s white paper gauge change proposals. Many of the gauge conversions proposed by the white paper could be highly uneconomical and may require large government subsidies should they be undertaken. A thorough understanding of the financial implications of performing large scale gauge changes is required before any construction should take place. This study should be seen as a steppingstone towards this understanding.Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Transportation Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted
11
Jacobs, Anneli. "Hamba-kahle : an interior intervention to long-distance rail travel in South Africa". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45275.
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Public rail transport interiors must be adaptable
and cater to a wide target market to address the
diverse needs of the South African public. Local
rail transport competes directly with air travel for
market share. Currently, local rail transport fails on
both accounts. The failure to invest in and update rail
infrastructure has resulted in a desperate need to
play catch up with decades of international railway
evolution – a need especially visible in the interiors
of local long-haul trains. The design and aesthetic
identity of transport interiors are generic, dated
and fail to address the functional and aesthetic
needs of contemporary South African travellers. As
a result, these interiors fail to establish an identity
synonymous with our unique demographic makeup.
The current state of local long-haul passenger
rail interiors was investigated through the use of a
heuristic inquiry.
An Electro Star Multiple Unit train structure was
then selected in which an interior insertion is
made. Hamba-Kahle addresses the physical and
psychological discomfort in the train interior,
the absence of social spaces, the disregard for
wayfinding and the lack of contextual identity.
The design challenges the insular train interior
layout and divides the interior into different spatial
zones. A Budget Sitter car, Premium Sitter car,
Budget Sleeper and Universal Car provides seating
variation for passengers and in turn integrates a
wide target market. Break-away spaces are also
incorporated. The programme and the spaces it
creates assist the interior in mediating between
private and public spaces. It facilitates chance
encounters and supports retractable privacy. The
interior reinforces adaptability in the use of spaces
while adhering to universal design principles. The
scenery from the surrounding landscapes is used in
the design to enrich the interior spaces and improve
the embodied experience of the user.
In establishing a contemporary South African
identity, a sense of place is created with which
passengers can identify and feel physically,
psychologically and socially comfortable in.Dissertation (MInt(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2014.
Architecture
MInt(Prof)
Unrestricted
12
Paulse, Sheryl Dawn. "Analysis and comparison of the South African and Eurocode live load models for railway bridges". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29698.
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This dissertation is an analytical study that compares the South African Transport Services (SATS) and Eurocode (EC) live load models for railway bridges. The study is specifically concerned with the critical load effects of shear and bending moment. The load models are simulated as moving loads over the full length of simply supported and continuous railway systems with speeds not exceeding 180km/h. The study is limited to short to medium spans ranging from 5m – 40m analysed in increments of 5m. The position of the maximum load effects for simply supported systems was determined using the frame analysis module in Prokon. Maximum load effects were determined using the influence line method. Maximum load effects for the continuous systems were determined using the moving load option in STRAP. It was found that SATS live load models imposed on single span railway bridges, produce conservative load effects for short span bridges but become over conservative with an increase in span, when compared with characteristic values of the EC load model 71 (LM71). For heavy loads (α = 1,10) in LM71, there is a good comparison with that of the EC for static and design moment (for a track with standard maintenance) with values of 5% lower at 10m but become moderately conservative (2% - 5%) with an increase in span. In the case of design bending moment (for a carefully maintained track) the SATS code is moderately conservative (6% - 8%) over the full range of spans for a carefully maintained track. For heavy loads (α = 1,10) in LM71, there is a good comparison with that of the Eurocode for static and design shear (for a carefully maintained track) with values of 4% lower at 10m but becoming moderately conservative (1% - 5%) with an increase in span. In the case of design shear (for a track with standard maintenance) the SATS code compares well with that of the EC, with values of 5% lower at 10m but becoming moderately conservative (4% - 13%) with an increase in span. Live traffic loads imposed on equal span (limited to 2) continuous railway bridges, produce conservative static and design shear load effects (for a carefully maintained track) in the mid-range of spans but become moderately conservative with increase in span for heavy loads (α = 1,10) for load model SW/0. There is a good comparison with that of the EC for design shear force (for a carefully maintained track) with moderately conservative (1% - 9%) for short span and long span systems for heavy loads (α = 1,10) for load model SW/0. A similar comparison occurs for heavy loads (α = 1,21) for SW/0 for static and design shear for a carefully maintained track. Live traffic loads imposed on equal span (limited to 2) continuous railway bridges produce over conservative static bending moment load effects for short span and long span bridges (2 x 30m – 2 x 40m) for characteristic values and heavy loads (α = 1,10 and α = 1,21) for load model SW/0. Generally, there is not a good comparison with that of the EC for static and design bending moment, for two span continuous railway bridges. Live traffic loads imposed on equal span (limited to 3) continuous railway bridges produce moderately conservative static shear force effects for heavy loads (α = 1,10 and α = 1,21) for load model SW/0. The only significant value is at the 3 x 5m span (21% higher) and the 3 x 15 – 3 x 20m range of spans (9% - 10% lower) for heavy loads (α = 1,10) and (α = 1,21) respectively. A similar comparison is observed for design shear effects for both types of track for heavy loads (α = 1,10) and (α = 1,21) for a carefully maintained track. Generally, there is not a good comparison with that of the Eurocode for static and design bending moment, for three span continuous railway bridges.
13
Sithole, Nicole. "Izitimela zakoBulawayo : railways and African women’s search for a better life in the ‘city of kings’, circa 1920-1950". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/75469.
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The railway histories of colonial Zimbabwe are a fascinating area of research that has received relatively widespread scholarly attention. Studies of the connection between railway development and the African labour force have been engaged with quite substantially, however, there is a historiographical gap concerning African female experiences with railway infrastructure in the colonial setting. As such, this research challenges the androcentrism of the colonial archive of Zimbabwe by using Bulawayo, the city of kings, as a case study to probe into African female experiences with not only the train but the railway compounds, Rhodesia Railways and the British colonial government. African women made use of the train, as both dependent and independent migrants to enter into urban Bulawayo in search of a better life and once there, they constructed new and interesting identities of themselves. One way that this is evident is in their economic ventures within the compounds, both legal and illicit. Their presence in the railway compounds ultimately played a very significant role in African railwaymen choosing to go to strike in 1945. Yet, there has been an almost complete erasure of their stories from the colonial archive, suggesting that they were not important in the unravelling of their own histories. In light of this, this research reads against the grain of the colonial archive to tell some of the stories of these women who were in actuality, a force to be reckoned with.Dissertation (MSocSci (History))--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Andrew Mellon Foundation
Historical and Heritage Studies
MSocSci (History)
Unrestricted
14
Siro, Jim A. "The viability of an African land-bridge rail system as part of the global supply chain". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6430.
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15
GIANOTTI, MATTEO. "Infrastructural scripts. Histories and futures of urbanisation along the Ethio-Djibouti Railway". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2942134.
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16
Wasserfall, Jacob. "Early mine and railway housing in South Africa : a two-part study of ideology and design in working-class housing". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251487.
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This study is concerned to explore the vulnerability of working-class housing in South Africa to ideological manipulation, be it of economic and/or political derivation. More descriptively, by delineating the ideological role of early forms of workers' housing in the development of capitalist South Africa, this two-part enquiry aims to reveal the instrumental potential of working-class housing in the spheres of labour control and social management, and to bring to the fore the manner in which ideology can operate through design. Two early innovations in the realm of working-class housing, the establishment of which dates back to the later nineteenth century and the birth of South Africa's first industrial community, form the focus in the opening study. Part I seeks to expound, by investigating the contrasting approach to the housing of black and white mineworkers at the Kimberley diamond fields, the true deliberations which lay behind the creation of the parallel institutions of the closed compound, on the one hand, and the garden suburb of Kenilworth on the other. The former is shown to have provided the mineowners with a directly coercive means of coming to terms with black migrant labour, and the latter to have furnished them with a means of surmounting, by 'acquiescence' rather than through the exercise of force, the growing power of white labour. Both innovations came to serve as practicable models in the spheres of labour control and social management to other large employers of labour in South Africa, such as the State Railways, and to urban management in general. Part II negotiates railway housing provision during the first half of this century against the backdrop of the 'poor white' crisis, a social dilemma of major proportions caused by pervasive rural impoverishment and the subsequent drift into the urban areas of unskilled and mostly illiterate Afrikaners. Poor white relief in time developed into a chief objective of Government, with the Railways forming the vanguard of its so-called 'civilised labour' policy after 1924 in giving preference to white workers over black in unskilled and skilled jobs regardless of the greater expense. The State Railways in due course became the largest single employer of Afrikaners in the urban areas. One result of the Railways' 'rehabilitative function' in easing the adjustment to the urban way of life of newly proletarianised Afrikaners will be shown to have been the portable railway model village. It will also be illustrated how it was to design, among other things, that the Railway Administration looked in an attempt to integrate its white employees into the social fabric of towns - the cultural strongholds of English-speaking whites - when the custom of housing railway families on the opposite side of the railway line to the town gave rise to the association thereof with 'living on the wrong side of the tracks'.
17
Tshaai, Dineo Christina. "Optimisation of Rail-road Level Crossing Closing Time in a Heterogenous Railway Traffic: Towards Safety Improvement - South African Case Study". Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33056.
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The gravitation towards mobility-as-a service in railway transportation system can be achieved at low cost and effort using shared railway network. However, the problem with shared networks is the presence of the level crossings where railway and road traffic intersects. Thus, long waiting time is expected at the level crossings due to the increase in traffic volume and heterogeneity. Furthermore, safety and capacity can be severely compromised by long level crossing closing time. The emphasis of this study is to optimise the rail-road level crossing closing time in order to achieve improved safety and capacity in a heterogeneous railway network. It is imperative to note that rail-road level crossing system assumes the socio-technical and safety critical duality which often impedes improvement efforts. Therefore, thorough understanding of the factors with highest influence on the level crossing closing time is required. Henceforth, data analysis has been conducted on eight active rail-road level crossings found on the southern corridor of the Western Cape metro rail. The spatial, temporal and behavioural analysis was conducted to extract features with influence on the level crossing closing time. Convex optimisation with the objective to minimise the level crossing closing time is formulated taking into account identified features. Moreover, the objective function is constrained by the train's traction characteristics along the constituent segments of the rail-road level crossing, speed restriction and headway time. The results show that developed solution guarantees at most 53.2% and 62.46% reduction in the level crossing closing time for the zero and nonzero dwell time, respectively. Moreover, the correctness of the presented solution has been validated based on the time lost at the level crossing and railway traffic capacity consumption. Thus, presented solution has been proven to achieve at most 50% recovery of the time lost per train trip and at least 15% improvement in capacity under normal conditions. Additionally, 27% capacity improvement is achievable at peak times and can increase depending on the severity of the headway constraints. However, convex optimisation of the level crossing closing time still fall short in level crossing with nonzero dwell time due to the approximation of dwell time based on the anticipated rather than actual value.
18
Mmekwa, Keamogetswe Antoinette. "Assessing the economic value of using structural health monitoring systems on South African bridges by studying the Ermelo-Richards Bay Freight Railway line". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27480.
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There is a need for appropriate tools and techniques to undertake the vast task of sound repair, maintenance and rehabilitation of concrete infrastructure which is deemed to be deteriorating at unacceptable rates. Low economic growth predictions lead to limited budgets and a deferring of maintenance. The use of technology could be used to extend the useful life of concrete structures. Structural Health Monitoring Systems (SHMS) can be used to monitor structural integrity and the information obtained from these systems can be used in detecting overloading (on bridges for instance) and to alert asset managers of any due maintenance. Büyüköztürk (2007) argues that conventional methods of inspecting the condition of bridges are generally subjective and that this does not give a true reflection of the state of the structure. The objective of this study is to determine the economic value of using SHMS on South African bridges as opposed to conventional bridge inspection methods. The detailed study was conducted on railway bridges on the Transnet Freight Rail (TFR) Ermelo - Richards Bay coal route to assess the contribution that a commodities line such as this one makes to the South African economy. This study makes use of data from Transnet to establish economic value. It is recommended that the results and recommendations be used for a more detailed study into the value of SHMS to be extrapolated for use on other bridges (e.g. road bridges).
19
Maluleke, Mkhacani Godfrey. "Evaluation of the place and role of the re-introduced South African Police Service Railway Police Unit in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan municipality / Mkhacani Godfrey Maluleke". Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8307.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The study: "Evaluation of the re-introduced South African Police Service Railway
Police Unit in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality" reflects on the
significant developmental initiatives that have taken place in the rail environment as
a result of the re-introduction of the South African Police Service Railway Police Unit
(SAPSRPU). The research focused on the place and role of the SAPSRPU in the
context of crime combating and prevention in the railway network of the City of
Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM).
South Africa entered a new era of transformation and democracy in the 1990s. The
transformation of the security apparatus, in particular the South African Police (SAP),
was aimed at creating a pollce service that would build a safe and secure
environment for all the people in South Africa. The process of transformation in
South Africa, especially the integration of the various police forces from authoritarian
rule to a single integrated service, has been widely regarded as being successful
and a model for other processes of security in the reform sector. However, the task
of fulfilling the overall policing work has proved to be an overwhelming one, and
several challenges still remain for the improvement of safety and security
governance.
Up until 1986, law and order on the rail network in South Africa were provided by a
special railway police, commonly known as the South African Railways Police Force
(SARPF), which resorted under the control of the South African Transport Services
(SATS), as it was then known. The SARPF was disbanded in 1986, and its members
were integrated into the South African Police (SAP), which had a weird mandate and
various roles, as its focus was to sustain the apartheid machinery.
The consequences of the decision to disband the SARPF were to have a hugely
devastating effect on the rail commuters who were mainly black working class and
poor citizens. Criminals from various notorious urban hots pots migrated to the rail
environment; political violence also discovered a habitat in the rail commuter
environment. The insecure conditions that rail commuters experienced on a daily basis in the rail environment did not improve with the dawn of the democratic rule of
the past 16 years.
The main aim of this study was to evaluate the place and role of the re-introduced
SAPSRPU by analysing the impact since re-introduction of the SAPSRPU in the
CTMM. The research focused on a study of the relevant legislation and transport
policies in comparison to the safety and security of public components in the
passenger rail environment. The research was conducted by means of the
qualitative paradigm approach, with semi-structured interviews as the basis for
collecting the required information on the identified research population of the
elected commuter rail forum leadership and the SAPSRPU commanders in the
CTMM.
Chapter 1 provides an orientation and background to the study about the railway
police. Chapter 2 focuses on the place, key roles and functions, statutory
frameworks and regulatory policies of the SAPSRPU. Chapter 3 focuses on the
research methodology and the data analysis as regards the literature review and the
roles and functions of the SAPSRPU. Chapter 4 covers the key findings of the
research, while Chapter 5 covers the conclusions, limitations and recommendations
made.Thesis (M. Development and Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010
20
Fanstone, Ben Paul. "The pursuit of the 'good forest' in Kenya, c.1890-1963 : the history of the contested development of state forestry within a colonial settler state". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25290.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This is a study of the creation and evolution of state forestry within colonial Kenya in social, economic, and political terms. Spanning Kenya’s entire colonial period, it offers a chronological account of how forestry came to Kenya and grew to the extent of controlling almost two million hectares of land in the country, approximately 20 per cent of the most fertile and most populated upland (above 1,500 metres) region of central Kenya . The position of forestry within a colonial state apparatus that paradoxically sought to both ‘protect’ Africans from modernisation while exploiting them to establish Kenya as a ‘white man’s country’ is underexplored in the country’s historiography. This thesis therefore clarifies this role through an examination of the relationship between the Forest Department and its African workers, Kenya’s white settlers, and the colonial government. In essence, how each of these was engaged in a pursuit for their own idealised ‘good forest’. Kenya was the site of a strong conservationist argument for the establishment of forestry that typecast the country’s indigenous population as rapidly destroying the forests. This argument was bolstered against critics of the financial extravagance of forestry by the need to maintain and develop the forests of Kenya for the express purpose of supporting the Uganda railway. It was this argument that led the colony’s Forest Department along a path through the contradictions of colonial rule. The European settlers of Kenya are shown as being more than just a mere thorn in the side of the Forest Department, as their political power represented a very real threat to the department’s hegemony over the forests. Moreover, Kenya’s Forest Department deeply mistrusted private enterprise and constantly sought to control and limit the unsustainable exploitation of the forests. The department was seriously underfunded and understaffed until the second colonial occupation of the 1950s, a situation that resulted in a general ad hoc approach to forest policy. The department espoused the rhetoric of sustainable exploitation, but had no way of knowing whether the felling it authorised was actually sustainable, which was reflected in the underdevelopment of the sawmilling industry in Kenya. The agroforestry system, shamba, (previously unexplored in Kenya’s colonial historiography) is shown as being at the heart of forestry in Kenya and extremely significant as perhaps the most successful deployment of agroforestry by the British in colonial Africa. Shamba provided numerous opportunities to farm and receive education to landless Kikuyu in the colony, but also displayed very strong paternalistic aspects of control, with consequential African protest, as the Forest Department sought to create for itself a loyal and permanent forest workforce. Shamba was the keystone of forestry development in the 1950s, and its expansion cemented the position of forestry in Kenya as a top-down, state-centric agent of economic and social development.
21
Grave, Justin. "Modelling a new electrical conversion chain for railways applications". 2012. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000356.
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M. Tech. Electrical Engineering.Aims to develop these railways applications for a better use of the electrical power to reduce pollution and consumption. The specification of this project is to improve the conversion of the electrical energy. This also involves improving the connection between the train and the electrical networks using the pantograph. In this research, I will propose a new architecture for the converters and a structure to provide to the grid the electricity generated through braking. Another point regards the command of the converters, which is directly involved in the system behaviour. In order to obtain the best behaviour possible, a different control as usual will be described and modelled to reduce the total harmonics distortion rate and reach a better efficiency.
22
Dube, Mishack Siyafunda. "Shared-use of railway infrastructure in South Africa: the case of coal and citrus production in Mpumalanga". Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/16848.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Thesis (M.Com. (Development Theory and Policy))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, School of Economic and Business Sciences, 2014.Economic activities such as mining extraction and farming have in the past been supported by railway infrastructure, which continues to provide a cheap transportation option for the movement of freight. This research paper looks at the apparent bias that exists in the shared-use of railway infrastructure in South Africa between coal miners and citrus growers in Mpumalanga. The study is specifically concerned with the regulatory regime governing access and the extent to which it enables or hinders the shared-use of rail infrastructure, which is critical in the movement of freight for different sectors of the economy. The paper uses literature on regulatory practices and a case study of Mpumalanga’s coal miners and citrus growers, to investigate South Africa’s regulatory regime and its role in creating particular biases in the use of rail infrastructure.
23
Cripps, Elizabeth Ann. "Provisioning Johannesburg, 1886-1906". Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/5966.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The rapidity of Johannesburg’s growth after the discovery of payable gold in 1886 created a provisioning challenge. Lacking water transport it was dependent on animal-drawn transport until the railways arrived from coastal ports. The local near-subsistence agricultural economy was supplemented by imported foodstuffs, readily available following the industrialisation of food production, processing and distribution in the Atlantic world and the transformation of transport and communication systems by steam, steel and electricity. Improvements in food preservation techniques: canning, refrigeration and freezing also contributed. From 1895 natural disasters ˗ droughts, locust attacks, rinderpest, East Coast fever ˗ and the man-made disaster of the South African War, reduced local supplies and by the time the ZAR became a British colony in 1902 almost all food had to be imported. By 1906, though still an import economy, meat and grain supplies had recovered, and commercial agriculture was responding to the market.History
M.A (History)
24
Wright, Laurence. "Introduction: Stimela: railway poems of South Africa". 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007420.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
A collection of railway poems is an unusual undertaking. More than an exercise in nostalgia, this anthology captures a large slice of modern South African life, viewed from different perspectives. Many of South Africa’s best poets have written railway poems. This is unsurprising, for railways hold special meaning for a variety of people – people in all walks of life – who find them not only fascinating but emotionally sympatico. The place of railways in the South African economy is changing rapidly, and it will be interesting to see in the coming years whether the less personal, more streamlined business model that is taking shape will attract the same naïve fascination engendered by South African railways over the past two centuries.
25
Madzivhandila, Avhashoni Cynthia. "An analysis of the role of South African Police Service railway policing in crime prevention in South Africa". Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25501.
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This is a qualitative study that was intended to analyse the role of South African Police Services (SAPS) railway policing in crime prevention in South Africa (SA). Commuters are exposed to various criminal activities in the railway environment. The Metro Rail trains are the most affordable trains and for that reason, the majority of commuters use these trains to travel to and from their workplaces. This study focused on the large stations in the Gauteng province, South Africa, as there is a high influx of people coming from various provinces for job opportunities. Alexander (2019:np) states that Gauteng is the smallest province, but has the largest population and economy.
The non-random sampling procedure was used to select participants. Data was collected by means of perusing the existing literature, SAPS information notes, official documents and articles. Interviews were conducted with South African Police Service Rapid Rail Unit (SAPSRRPU) members. Each unit was represented by a maximum of eight members. The information obtained from the participants was analysed by using the Atlas-ti software. This is a computer program used to analyse data in qualitative research.Iyi ndi ngudo ya ndeme i itelwaho u saukanya mushumo wa yunithi ya vhupholisa ha raliwei ya Tshumelo ya Tshipholisa ya Afrika Tshipembe (SAPS) kha u thivhela vhugevhenga Afrika Tshipembe (SA). Vhaṋameli vha livhanwa na nyito dzo fhambanaho dza vhugevhenga kha vhupo ha raliwei. Zwidimela zwa Metrorail ndi zwone zwidimela zwi sa ḓuresi, nahone nga ṅwambo wa izwo vhunzhi ha vhaṋameli vha shumisa zwidimela izwi u enda u ya na u bva mishumoni yavho. Ngudo iyi yo sedza kha zwiṱitshi zwihulwane zwa vundu ḽa Gauteng, Afrika Tshipembe, saizwi hu na vhathu vhanzhi vha bvaho kha mavundu o fhambanaho vhane vha khou ṱoḓana na zwikhala zwa mushumo. Alexander (2019:np) u bula uri Gauteng ndi vundu ḽiṱukusa, fhedzi ḽi na tshitshavha tshinzhisa na ikonomi. Tsumbonanguludzwa dzi songo tou khethwa dzo shumiswa u nanga vhadzheneleli. Data yo kuvhanganywa nga kha u fhenḓa maṅwalwa a re hone. Notsi dza mafhungo dza SAPS, maṅwalo a tshiofisi na athikili. Inthaviwu dzo itwa na miraḓo ya Yunithi ya Tshipholisa tsha Raḽiwei tshi Ṱavhanyaho tsha Tshumelo ya Tshipholisa tsha Afrika Tshipembe (SAPSRRPU). Yunithi iṅwe na iṅwe yo vha yo imelelwa nga gumofulu ḽa miraḓo ya malo. Mafhungo o wanalaho u bva kha vhadzheneleli o senguluswa nga u shumisa sofuthiwee ya Atlas-ti. Phurogireme ya khomphiyutha iyi I shumiswa u saukanya data kha ṱhoḓisiso dza ndeme.
Ndzavisiso lowu wa qualitative wu na xikongomelo xo xopaxopa ndzima ya yuniti ya vutirheli bya maphorisa ya Afrika Dzonga ku nga South African Police Services (SAPS) eka ku sivela vugevenga eAfrika Dzonga. Vakhandziyi va xungetiwa hi vugevenga bya mixaka yo hambanana eka tirhalaweyi ta switimela. Switimela swa Metrorail swi chipile swinene, hikokwalaho, vanhu vanyingi va vakhandziyi va tirhisa switimela ku ya na ku vuya emitirhweni. Ndzavisiso lowu wu languta ngopfu switici leswikkulu swa switimela eka xifundzhankulu (provhinsi) ya Gauteng eAfrika Dzonga hikuva ku na vanhu vanyingi lava va sukaka eka swifundzhankulu swin'wana ku ta ejoni ku ta lava mitirho. Alexander (2019:np) u vula leswo Gauteng i xifundzhankulu xitsongo swinene eka swin'wana, kambe xi na vanhu vanyingi swinene na ikhonomi leyikulu swinene. Ku tirhisiwe fambiselo leri vuriwaka non-random sampling ku hlawula vanhu vo va na xiavo eka ndzavisiso. Data yi hlengeletiwe hi ku hlaya matsalwa lama nga kona, tinoti ta vutivi ta SAPS, na tidokumente ta ximfumo na tiatikili. Ku endliwe ti-inthavhyu na swirho swa maphorisa ya rhalaweyi ku nga South African Police Service Rapid Rail Police Unit (SAPSRRPU). Yuniti yin'wana na yin'wana a yi yimeriwe hi swirho swa nhungu. Vutivi lebyi byi nga kumeka eka lava a va ri na xiavo byi ve byi xopaxopiwa hi ku tirhisa Atlas-ti software. Leyi i program ya khompyuta leyi tirhisiwaka ku xopaxopa data eka rhiseche leyi endliwaka hi ndlela ya qualitative eka mindzavisiso.
Criminology and Security Science
Ph. D. (Criminal Justice)
26
Hutchings, Jessica. "Systemic factors in the investigation of South African railway occurrences". Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/23846.
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A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
Johannesburg, 2017The principle focus of this research is to provide a novel approach to accident investigation theory by focusing on the investigation process itself as a complex system. A number of systemic factors inherent in this system impact on the effectiveness (accuracy, quality, validity, reliability and objectivity) of railway investigations. There is a need to explore why railway occurrences remain high in South Africa, despite railway Operators investigating occurrences. If occurrences are investigated, why then do the number of events remain unchanged? Ineffective investigations impact on the accuracy of the findings identified and the suitability of the recommendations. Added to this is the failure of implementing recommendations from investigations contributing to the high number of occurrences and repeated occurrences. Complex influencing factors inherent within the railway system influence the actual investigation process and therefore its effectiveness. This is despite interventions put in place by various organisations, industries, and sectors to improve railway safety. A critical review of the literature, in terms of accident investigation theory, indicates that the current research targets various approaches, methods and models to determine why accidents occur; from a human, technical, or system perspective. The literature focusses on accident causation by addressing the system and its role in contributing to such events. However, very little critical analysis exists on the actual investigation process of accidents as a complex system in its own right, and its contributory role in the ongoing high number of accidents. Rasmussen’s (1997) Risk Management Framework is used in this research to illustrate the South African railway system hierarchy. A qualitative mixed methods approach using triangulation was adopted. Methods included a print media analysis of reported railway accidents, document analyses of governance documents, analyses of railway investigation reports, semi-structured interviews with railway investigators and observations of investigation inquiries. Thematic content analysis was conducted to identify the themes emerging from the data. The results indicate that systemic factors influence the manner in which occurrences are investigated. Examples include no National Rail Policy, limited resources to investigate, shortage of skilled investigators, absence of investigator training, non-compliance to governance documents, an underinvestment in rail, financial constraints, and a blame culture. An Accimap summarises the systemic factors impacting on the effectiveness of the accident investigation process, its outcomes and the recurrence of accidents. Conclusions demonstrate that the accident investigation process is indeed an example of a complex system. Systemic factors collectively behave to influence the effectiveness of the investigation process, but also on the bigger rail socio-technical system which impacts on the safety, reliability and efficiency of the South African railway system. The theoretical contribution of this research is identified in the useful and novel application of Rasmussen’s (1997) Risk Management Framework to illustrate that the accident investigation process is an example of a complex system. Adjustments to Rasmussen’s (1997) Risk Management Framework were made in order to contextualize it to the problem of this research, confirming the importance and application of Rasmussen’s work in the system of accident investigations and not only in accident causation.
MT 2018
27
Botha, Noanne. "Customer relationship value in the business-to-business railway market of Southern Africa". Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26231.
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This study involves establishing imperative customer relationship value antecedents and mediators within the business-to-business (B2B) railway industry of Southern Africa and determining whether these relationship value antecedents and mediators will achieve customer retention as an outcome. The goal is to create a conceptual model for the B2B railway industry of Southern Africa, which will be done through reviewing well-established theories and past literature on the topics of relationship marketing, relationship value, and retention within the B2B industry. After an examination of the existing literature, a proposed conceptual model will be developed and tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with a sample of 265 B2B supplier companies operating in the Southern African railway market. The CFA represents the measurement model of this research, which proposes the relationship value antecedents, mediators, and their influence on retention within the B2B railway industry of Southern Africa. Secondly, structural equation modelling (SEM) will be conducted, in order to test relation-ships with latent factors. The results indicate that the factors of service, supplier, relational, and financial performance are important antecedents, and that satisfaction and relationship value are significant mediators of customer retention in the B2B railway industry of Southern Africa.Business Management
D. Admin. (Business Management)
28
Van, Der Merwe Johannes Hendrik. "Train driver automation strategies to mitigate signals passed at danger on South African railways". Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/25972.
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A research project report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Engineering.
Date 2018/04/18Train derailments or collisions have the potential to result in catastrophic loss of life and/or destruction of property. Ever higher demands for train density (i.e. trains per hour for a given section of track) as well as the catastrophic results when accidents do occur have given rise to the development of railway signalling systems as mitigation measures (Rolt, 2009; Theeg & Vlasenko (2009b). Signals Passed At Danger (SPADs) refers to when a train driver passes a stop signal without authority and is one of the typical causes of such accidents resulting in significant damages reported within Transnet Freight Rail (TFR) in recent years. Studies have shown human train driver error and violation of signals to be a significant cause of SPAD events. This study investigated the application of train driver automation as a mitigation measure against SPADs within the South African railway environment in general and TFR in particular. The study was qualitative in nature, following a model development methodology and used in-depth, semi-structured interviews with railway signalling engineers for data collection. The primary goal was defined to be the development of a train driver function automation method that could be considered the most appropriate within the TFR operational environment. The study determined the most appropriate method to be that of having a human driver with technical supervision. In this arrangement, the human driver could remain in his conventional role of driving the train but with a technical supervision system superimposed that automatically intervenes if a train driver exceeds his movement authority (e.g. Automatic Train Protection or ATP). This approach mitigates many of the costs imposed by human failure associated with SPAD events, yet retains the value of human flexibility which is especially useful under abnormal circumstances.
MT 2018
29
Wright, Laurence. "'Iron on iron': modernism engaging apartheid in some South African railway poems". 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007459.
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Modernism tends to be criticised, internationally, as politically conservative. The objection is often valid, although the charge says little about the quality of artistic achievement involved. This article argues that the alliance between Modernism and political conservatism is by no means a necessary one, and that there are instances where modernist vision has been used to convey substantive political insight, effective social critique and solid resistance. To illustrate the contrast,the article juxtaposes the abstract Modernism associated with Ben Nicholson and World War 2, with a neglected strain of South African railway poetry which uses modernist techniques to effect a powerful critique of South Africa’s apartheid dispensation. The article sustains a distinction between universalising modernist art that requires ethical work from its audiences to achieve artistic completion, and art in which modernist vision performs the requisite ethical work within its own formal constraints. Four very different South African railway poems, by Dennis Brutus, John Hendrickse, Alan Paton, and Leonard Koza, are examined and contextualised to demonstrate ways in which a modernist vision has been used to portray the social disruptions caused by apartheid. Modernist techniques are used to turn railway experience into a metonym for massive social disruption,without betraying the social reality of the transport technology involved.
30
Dibakoane, Kgothlelelo Collet. "Challenges affecting the reliability of diesel locomotives within the South African railway industry". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8683.
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M.Phil (Engineering Management)The importance of an effective maintenance programme cannot be over-emphasized because such a programme plays such an important role in the effectiveness of lean manufacturing. Maintenance may be considered the health care of any engineering equipment and its equipment. It is required to reduce waste effectively, and to run an efficient, continuous locomotive operation within a business or service operation. The cost of regular maintenance is very small when it is compared to the cost of a major breakdown at which time production is held up. The main purpose of regular maintenance is to ensure that all equipment required for production is operating at 100% efficiency at all times. Through short daily inspections, cleaning, lubricating, and making of minor adjustments, minor problems can be detected and corrected before they become major problems that can shut down a production line. A good maintenance programme requires company-wide participation and support by everyone from top executives to shop floor personnel (Dale, 2008) The function of reliability engineering is to develop the reliability requirements for a product, establish an adequate reliability programme, and perform appropriate analyses and tasks to ensure that the product meets its requirements. These tasks are managed by a reliability engineer who usually holds an accredited engineering degree and has additional reliability-specific education and training. Reliability engineering is closely associated with maintainability engineering and logistics engineering. Many problems from other fields can also be tackled using reliability engineering techniques (O’Connor 2010). Reliability is defined as the probability that a device will perform its required function under stated conditions for a specific period of time, and quality can be defined as how the recipient of the product or service views the product (Barringer, 2006). Therefore the two cannot be viewed differently as they both have the same focus which is the end result of the product’s performance. The findings reveal that customers should form part of reliability management systems; the development of ways to identify possible failure before it actually happens is key in achieving reliability targets; and training of key personnel on engineering and quality department as well as resource planning and utilization is a key towards eliminating reliability challenges.
31
Sithole, Phila. "Barriers in supplier development encountered by SMEs as suppliers in the South African railway industry". Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45038.
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The purpose of the study was to explore barriers to supplier development encountered by SMEs as suppliers in the South African railway industry. The first objective was to identify barriers faced by SMEs to be suppliers of large OEMs in the South African railway industry. The second objective was to establish the challenges that lead to failure in the supplier development process. The third objective was to describe the activities done by SMEs to position themselves in becoming preferred supplier development candidates for OEMs in the South African railway industry. SMEs as suppliers in the railway industry were interviewed through an explorative interview. The interview targeted suppliers who were involved in the railway industry and who are actively seeking contracts with the South African railway operators. The findings are that new suppliers are experiencing barriers to enter the railway industry. The key barriers for new suppliers are industry human capital, industry regulation, capabilities, ineffective government intervention and lack of resources. The main challenges identified during the supplier development process are the long bureaucratic process related to supplier development on-boarding, miscommunication and lack of transparency. Suppliers also faced challenges in the way they position themselves in becoming preferred suppliers development candidates for OEMs in the South African railway industry. Recruiting railway expertise and innovating compliant products were the most effective measures taken by suppliers in becoming a preferred supplier.Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
lmgibs2015
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
Unrestricted
32
Tebagana, George. "A Case for efficient legal and institutional frameworks for cross-border railway development in the East African community". Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43702.
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The East African Community (EAC) suffers from a critical lack of cross-border railway networks that, if remedied, could improve regional connectivity and boost intraregional trade. The region would also become more investor friendly. Cross-border railway connectivity is particularly important owing to the challenging geographical location and small, uncompetitive and inefficient Partner States. The EAC Partner States have embarked on an ambitious programme to jointly revamp the region’s railways to address the transport deficits. Joint implementation of transport infrastructure projects offers economies of scale. However, joint efforts are constrained by inefficiencies of the region’s legal and institutional frameworks. The region is characterised by inefficient legal and institutional frameworks. This research argues that it is critical to first address the legal and institutional bottlenecks which will in turn constitute the backbone to support EAC’s efforts towards development and sustainable management of cross-border railways in the EAC. The research reviews effectiveness of the existing legal and institutional frameworks, identifies gaps and, using Southern African Development Community (SADC) as a benchmark proposes solutions for improvement.Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
gm2015
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
Unrestricted
33
James, Ervin. "Unity, Justice and Protection: The Colored Trainmen of America's Struggle to End Jim Crow in the American Railroad Industry [and Elsewhere]". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11513.
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The Colored Trainmen of America (CTA) actively challenged Jim Crow policies on the job and in the public sphere between the 1930s and 1950s. In response to lingering questions concerning the relationship between early black labor activism and civil rights protest, this study goes beyond both local lure and cursory research. This study examines the Colored Trainmen's major contributions to the advancement of African Americans. It also provides context for some of the organization's shortcomings in both realms. On the job the African American railroad workers belonging to the CTA fought valiantly to receive the same opportunities for professional growth and development as whites working in the operating trades of the railroad industry. In the public sphere, these men collectively protested second-class services and accommodations both on and off the clock.
Neither their agenda, the scope of their activities, nor their influence was limited to the railroad lines the members of the CTA operated within the Gulf Coast region. The CTA belonged to a progressive coalition comprised of four other powerful independent African American labor unions committed to unyielding labor activism and the toppling of Jim Crow. Together, they all worked to effectuate meaningful social change in partnership with national civil rights attorney Charles H. Houston. Houston's experience and direction, coupled with the CTA's dedicated membership and willingness to challenge authority, created considerable momentum in movements aimed at toppling racial inequality in the workplace and elsewhere.
Like most of their predecessors, the CTA's struggle for advancement fits within a continuum of successive challenges to economic exploitation and racial inequality. No single person or organization can take full credit for ending segregation or achieving equality. Many who remain nameless and faceless contributed and sacrificed. This study not only chronicles the contribution of a relatively unsung African American labor organization that waged war against Jim Crow on two different fronts, it also pays homage to a few more individuals who made a difference in the lives of an entire race of people during the course of a bitterly contested, never-ending struggle for racial equality in the United States of America during the twentieth century.