Livros: "Adaptive obsever"

1

Melvin, James E. AUV fault detection using model based observer residuals. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1998.

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2

Shriba, Samir. Adaptive identifier and observer algorithms for unknown order linear systems. Uxbridge: Brunel University, 1985.

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3

Diab, Ahmed A. Zaki, Abo-Hashima M. Al-Sayed, Hossam Hefnawy Abbas Mohammed e Yehia Sayed Mohammed. Development of Adaptive Speed Observers for Induction Machine System Stabilization. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2298-7.

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4

Wim J. van der Linden. Evaluating equating error in observed-score equating. Newtown, PA: Law School Admission Council, 2006.

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5

Zhu, Quanmin, Hamid Reza Karimi, Olfa Boubaker, Magdi S. Mahmoud e José Ragot. New Trends in Observer-Based Control: An Introduction to Design Approaches and Engineering Applications. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2019.

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6

Zhu, Quanmin, Hamid Reza Karimi, Olfa Boubaker, Magdi S. Mahmoud e Jose Ragot. New Trends in Observer-Based Control: A Practical Guide to Process and Engineering Applications. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2019.

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7

Zhu, Quanmin, Hamid Reza Karimi, Olfa Boubaker, Magdi S. Mahmoud e Jose Ragot. New Trends in Observer-Based Control: An Introduction to Design Approaches and Engineering Applications. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2019.

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8

Zhu, Quanmin, Hamid Reza Karimi, Olfa Boubaker, Magdi S. Mahmoud e Jose Ragot. New Trends in Observer-Based Control: A Practical Guide to Process and Engineering Applications. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2019.

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9

Diab, Ahmed A. Zaki, Abo-Hashima M. Al-Sayed, Hossam Hefnawy Abbas Mohammed e Yehia Sayed Mohammed. Development of Adaptive Speed Observers for Induction Machine System Stabilization. Springer, 2020.

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10

Kindt, Sara, Liesbet Goubert, Maarten Vansteenkiste e Tine Vervoort. Chronic Pain and Interpersonal Processes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190627898.003.0007.

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This chapter argues that one particular type of a caregiver’s behavioral response to pain cannot, in and of itself, be considered adaptive or maladaptive. It contends that to understand the complexity of the interaction between caregivers and pain sufferers, a goal or need-based framework may be useful. Self-Determination theory (SDT) is presented as a heuristic framework that identifies three basic psychological needs as essential for successful adaption. Whether behavioral responses are supportive and helpful depends upon the extent to which these responses support the need for autonomy, competence, and relatedness of the sufferer. Drawing on an affective-motivational account on interpersonal dynamics in the context of pain, the chapter highlights how observer attunement toward sufferers’ needs may depend upon the regulation of various goals for caregiving, including self-oriented versus other-oriented goals and associated emotions.

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11

Disturbance Observer Based Control Methods And Applications. CRC Press, 2013.

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12

Davis, Mary C., Chung Jung Mun, Dhwani Kothari, Shannon Moore, Crys Rivers, Kirti Thummala e Giulia Weyrich. The Nature and Adaptive Implications of Pain-Affect Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190627898.003.0013.

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Because pain is in part an affective experience, investigators over the past several decades have sought to elaborate the nature of pain-affect connections. Our evolving understanding of the intersection of pain and affect is especially relevant to intervention efforts designed to enhance the quality of life and functional health of individuals managing chronic pain. This chapter describes how pain influences arousal of the vigilance/defensive and appetitive/approach motivational systems and thus the affective health of chronic pain patients. The focus then moves to the dynamic relations between changes in pain and other stressors and changes in positive and negative affect as observed in daily life and laboratory-based experiments. A consensus emerges that sustaining positive affect during pain and stress flares may limit their detrimental effects and promote better functional health. The authors consider the implications of increased understanding of the dynamic interplay between pain and affective experience for enhancing existing interventions.

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13

O’Neill, Sarah, Jeffrey M. Halperin e David Coghill. Neuropsychological functioning and ADHD. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198739258.003.0012.

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The high prevalence of ADHD and its associated difficulties in adaptive functioning have led to significant efforts to better understand the underlying pathophysiology of the disorder. Prominent models of ADHD have suggested that neurocognitive deficits—particularly executive dysfunction—is directly related to ADHD symptomatology. Data suggests, however, that significant heterogeneity is observed in both the cognitive and adaptive functioning of individuals with ADHD, raising questions about current theoretical models. Furthermore, many of our current models do not explain the developmental trajectory of ADHD symptoms and impairment. This chapter will explore the state of the literature and remaining questions that are driving research on the role of neuropsychological functioning in ADHD, approaching the topic from a developmental perspective. We will conclude by considering implications of this knowledge for the development of effective and long-lasting interventions for individuals with ADHD.

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14

Vaez-Zadeh, Sadegh. Parameter Estimation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198742968.003.0007.

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In this chapter, the estimation of permanent magnetic synchronous (PMS) motor parameters, including stator winding resistance, motor inductances, and magnitude of permanent magnet flux linage, is presented in two main categories, i.e., offline and online. Several offline schemes, including DC and AC standstill tests, no-load test, load test, and vector control schemes, are presented for estimation of all the motor parameters. Major online schemes used in the estimation of PMS motor parameters are also presented in this chapter. They include closed-loop observer-based estimation, model reference adaptive system (MRAS)-based estimation, recursive least-squares (RLS) estimation, and extended Kalman filter scheme. The online schemes take into account the motor parameter variations during motor operation. The motor model, estimation procedure, and the connection of estimation systems to the motor control system are discussed for each parameter estimation scheme.

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15

Frankham, Richard, Jonathan D. Ballou, Katherine Ralls, Mark D. B. Eldridge, Michele R. Dudash, Charles B. Fenster, Robert C. Lacy e Paul Sunnucks. Outbreeding depression is uncommon and predictable. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198783398.003.0007.

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Crosses between populations within species sometimes result in reduced fitness, especially in F2 and later generations (outbreeding depression). The primary mechanisms causing outbreeding depression in crosses between populations are fixed chromosomal differences and adaptive genetic differences, especially for long-isolated populations. Outbreeding depression is usually observed after crossing populations with ploidy differences or fixed differences for translocations, inversions or centric fusions: the magnitudes are usually ploidy > translocations and monobrachial centric fusions > inversions and simple centric fusions. Populations adapted to different environments (but with the same karyotype) often exhibit outbreeding depression when crossed, especially in the F2 and later generations. Even if outbreeding depression occurs, it is often only temporary, as natural selection acts to remove it, especially in large populations.

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16

Howes, Andrew, Xiuli Chen, Aditya Acharya e Richard L. Lewis. Interaction as an Emergent Property of a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799603.003.0011.

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In this chapter we explore the potential advantages of modeling the interaction between a human and a computer as a consequence of a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) that models human cognition. POMDPs can be used to model human perceptual mechanisms, such as human vision, as partial (uncertain) observers of a hidden state are possible. In general, POMDPs permit a rigorous definition of interaction as the outcome of a reward maximizing stochastic sequential decision processes. They have been shown to explain interaction between a human and an environment in a range of scenarios, including visual search, interactive search and sense-making. The chapter uses these scenarios to illustrate the explanatory power of POMDPs in HCI. It also shows that POMDPs embrace the embodied, ecological and adaptive nature of human interaction.

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17

Salmon, Catherine A. Is Female Competition at the Heart of Reproductive Suppression and Eating Disorders? Editado por Maryanne L. Fisher. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199376377.013.26.

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This chapter examines the role of female competition in reproductive suppression in humans and other species. Most research on same-sex competition has focused on the showy, often violent aggression typically seen in male–male competition. Competition between females has been less studied for a variety of reasons, from the fact that many researchers have been male and focused on their own competitive arena to the fact that female competition is often more subtle, difficult to observe, and thus more challenging to study. Two aspects of female competition, competition for status or dominance and competition for mates, are part of the focus of this chapter. The other focus is the possible role that female competition plays in reproductive suppression, whether that suppression is self-induced or imposed by others. One modern outcome of the mismatch between a once-adaptive response to female competition and the modern environment is extreme dieting behavior.

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18

Duman, Ronald S. Neurotrophic Mechanisms of Depression. Editado por Dennis S. Charney, Eric J. Nestler, Pamela Sklar e Joseph D. Buxbaum. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190681425.003.0027.

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Early theories of depression and treatment response were centered on the monoamine neurotransmitters, but more recent work has focused on functional and structural synaptic plasticity and the role of neurotrophic factors, particularly brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Neurotrophic factors regulate all aspects of neuronal function, including adaptive plasticity, synapse formation, and neuronal survival. Chronic stress and depression cause reductions in levels of BDNF and other key factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), in cortical regions that contribute to atrophy and loss of neurons observed in depressed patients and rodent stress models. In contrast, these neurotrophic factors are upregulated by chronic administration of typical antidepressants and are required for antidepressant responses. Moreover, fast acting, highly efficacious antidepressant agents such as ketamine rapidly increase BDNF release and synapse formation, paving the way for a new generation of medications for the treatment of depression.

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19

I. Waxman, Chaim. Social Change and Halakhic Evolution in American Orthodoxy. Liverpool University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781906764845.001.0001.

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The author of this book is one of the keenest observers of American Jewish society. In illustration of how Orthodoxy is adapting to modernity, the author presents a detailed discussion of halakhic developments, particularly regarding women's greater participation in ritual practices and other areas of communal life. The book shows that the direction of change is not uniform: there is both greater stringency and greater leniency, and it discusses the many reasons for this, both in the Jewish community and in the wider society. Relations between the various sectors of American Orthodoxy over the past several decades are also considered.

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20

McVeigh, Brian J. The Self-Healing Mind. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780197647868.001.0001.

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Evolutionary psychology/psychiatry teaches us about why some mental illnesses developed. However, Brian J. McVeigh argues that much more recent changes in mentality hold lessons about improving our mental well-being. Indeed, by around 1000 BCE, population expansion and social complexity had forced people to learn conscious interiority, a package of capabilities that culturally upgraded mentality. The functions/features of conscious interiority (FOCI) are instances of adaptive meta-framing: abstracting, metaphorizing, reframing, and transcending one’s circumstances. Adopting a common factors and positive psychology perspective, McVeigh enumerates FOCI—“active ingredients”—of the self-healing mind: mental space (introspectable stage for manipulating mental images); introception (employing semi-hallucinatory quasi-perceptions to “see” different perspectives); self-observing and observed (increasing role/perspective-taking); self-narratization (intensifying retrospection/prospection capabilities); excerption (editing mental contents for higher-order conceptualization); consilience (fitting conceptions together more effectively to bolster abstraction); concentration (peripheralizing unrelated mental material); suppression (deleting distracting and distressing thoughts); self-authorization (a sense of who or what one’s legitimizes one’s decision and behavior); self-autonomy (bolstering self-direction and self-confidence); self-individuation (highlighting personal strengths); self-reflexivity (cultivating insight, self-objectivity, and self-corrective abilities). FOCI underlie the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic techniques. Though the psyche’s recuperative properties correct distorted cognition and provide remarkable adaptive abilities, FOCI sometimes spiral out of control, resulting in runaway consciousness and certain mental disorders. Also addressed, then, is how snowballing FOCI become maladaptive processes in need of restraint. The benefits of temporarily suspending FOCI (hypnosis) and regulating them (meditation) are also explored. This work will appeal to practitioners, researchers, and anyone interested in how therapeutically directed consciousness repairs the mind.

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21

Saha, Prasenjit, e Paul A. Taylor. The Astronomers' Magic Envelope. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816461.001.0001.

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This is a conceptual introduction to astrophysical processes, at the advanced-undergraduate level. Topics are developed in more or less their historical order of discovery, but from a modern perspective. The book begins with orbits, gradually building in complexity to chaos, relativistic orbits and gravitational lensing, and eventually a semi-classical treatment of gravitational-wave sources. The second part is about how stars work, including related topics like the mass—radius relations for planets and stellar remnants. The third part is about the expanding universe and its history, the concluding section being about fluctuations in the microwave background. More than 60 exercises range from small conceptual puzzles to numerical solution of differential equations, for example, to find the value of Chan-drasekhar’s limit. An unusual feature of the book is the adaptive choice of units according to context, and unit con-versions, such as to and from Planckian units, are an important thread in the book. Observed phenomena are generally derived from basic principles and processes, with an emphasis—as highlighted in the title—on physical problem solving and approximation throughout.

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22

Redgwell, Catherine, e Efthymios Papastavridis. International Regulatory Challenges of New Developments in Offshore Nuclear Energy Technologies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198822080.003.0006.

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This chapter explains the technological development of TNPPs and considers the imminence of construction and deployment offshore. We demonstrate that while there are legal rules of potential application to TNPPs, these do not constitute a comprehensive legal regulation framework. Are existing rules fit for purpose? For example, the IMO has adapted existing regulations to address offshore oil and gas activities in the Arctic (and Antarctic) in its ‘Polar Code’. . However, adapting existing legal rules may manifest pathway dependence mirroring the potential ‘technological lock-in’ of SMRs based on proven technology. The authors further observe that, just as climate change is characterized by polycentric governance, so too will questions of TNPP regulation cut across different fields of international law and different institutions—not just the IMO and IAEA.

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23

Kilson, Martin. A Black Intellectual's Odyssey. Duke University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478021513.

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In 1969, Martin Kilson became the first tenured African American professor at Harvard University, where he taught African and African American politics for over thirty years. In A Black Intellectual's Odyssey, Kilson takes readers on a fascinating journey from his upbringing in the small Pennsylvania milltown of Ambler to his experiences attending Lincoln University—the country's oldest HBCU—to pursuing graduate study at Harvard before spending his entire career there as a faculty member. This is as much a story of his travels from the racist margins of twentieth-century America to one of the nation's most prestigious institutions as it is a portrait of the places that shaped him. He gives a sweeping sociological tour of Ambler as a multiethnic, working-class company town while sketching the social, economic, and racial elements that marked everyday life. From narrating the area's history of persistent racism and the racial politics in the integrated schools to describing the Black church's role in buttressing the town's small Black community, Kilson vividly renders his experience of northern small-town life during the 1930s and 1940s. At Lincoln University, Kilson's liberal political views coalesced as he became active in the local NAACP chapter. While at Lincoln and during his graduate work at Harvard, Kilson observed how class, political, and racial dynamics influenced his peers' political engagement, diverse career paths, and relationships with white people. As a young professor, Kilson made a point of assisting Harvard's African American students in adapting to life at a white institution. Throughout his career, Kilson engaged in pioneering scholarship while mentoring countless students. A Black Intellectual's Odyssey features contributions from three of his students: a foreword by Cornel West and an afterword by Stefano Harney and Fred Moten.

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