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Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Accidents"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021
Última modificação: 14 de setembro de 2024

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1

Hassel, Martin. "Underreporting of maritime accidents to vessel accident databases". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-11488.

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Underreporting of maritime accidents is a problem not only for authorities trying to improve maritime safety through legislation, but also to risk management companies and other entities using maritime casualty statistics in risk and accident analysis. This study has collected and compared casualty data from 01.01.2005 to 31.12.2009, from IHS Fairplay and maritime authorities from Norway, Sweden, Denmark, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada, Greece and the Netherlands. Comparison of data to find common records has been done manually, while estimation of the true number of occurred accidents has been done by using conditional probability given positive dependency between data sources, several variations of the capture-recapture method (Lincoln-Petersen, Chapman and Chao), calculation of the best case scenario, assuming perfect reporting, and finally scaling up a subset of casualty information from Ceforʼs Nordic Marine Insurance Statistics Database. Estimated upper limit reporting performance for the selected flag states range from 7% (Greece) to 74% (Canada), while the estimated coverage of IHS Fairplay ranges from 4% (USA) to 62% (Canada). This study has found that on average, across the board, the amount of accidents that go unreported make up roughly 50% of all occurred accidents. Even in a best case scenario, only a few flag states come close to perfect reporting (Sweden, 94%). Based on the authorʼs assessment of the data quality from the flag state authorities, most emphasis should be placed on the results for Norway (41% of accidents are not reported), The United Kingdom (56% of accidents are not reported) and Canada (10% of accidents are not reported). This study not only proves, by the fact that some casualty data are exclusively in only one database, that underreporting exists, but also that it is a major problem. The best flag state in this study, Canada, is missing roughly a quarter of all accidents occurring in their area of responsibility. Norway and The United Kingdom covers just over a third of all occurred accidents in their area of responsibility, despite these flag state authoritiesʼ high level of perceived competency and quality. The large amount of underreporting uncovered by this study, indicates that all users of statistical data should assume a certain amount of underreporting, and adjust their analyses accordingly. Whether they use a correction factor, safety margin or rely more heavily on expert judgement, must be decided on a case by case basis, as inaccurate basic data most often will have a significant impact on the end result.     Keywords: Maritime accidents, risk analysis, underreporting, accident statistics, capture-recapture.
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2

Hausmann, Richard. "Pedestrian Accidents - In-depth Analysis and Accident Figures". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-97207.

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Pedestrian fatalities and injuries resulting from traffic accidents cause immeasurable personal suffering and an immense economic loss. The comparison of international accident statistics indicates that pedestrian safety has improved in highly developed countries while the situation in developing countries is still serious. The majority of pedestrians involved in road accidents get harmed in collisions with motorised vehicles, especially with passenger cars. In spite of a wide variety of existing countermeasures promising innovations are not feasible due to the lack of drivers’ willingness to pay. To overcome this problem, authorities like the European Union have successfully implemented directives setting safety standards for new cars. Although the benefits of such legislative and encouraging countermeasures are undoubted, the practical relevance of the test procedures is heavily contended. In-depth accident investigation like IMPAIR analyses single pedestrian accidents from an interdisciplinary perspective and yields a better understanding of the accident occurrence and kinematics. In combination with macroscopic approaches, the results of in-depth analyses enable an advancement of directives and legislations and offer valuable starting points for further studies to increase pedestrian safety. Keywords: pedestrian-car collision, accident statistics, countermeasures, directives, encouragement, interdisciplinary investigation
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3

Rouve, Xavier. "Les accidents domestiques chez l'enfant : à propos d'une étude prospective de 211 cas". Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON11096.

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4

Cantonny-Dumontet, Mireille. "Un problème de santé publique : les accidents domestiques chez l'enfant". Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2P023.

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5

Tacco, Dominique. "A propos de 141 accidents d'ULM : [Ultra-léger motorisé]". Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25263.

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6

Gillespie, Kris S. "Improving commercial vehicle crash data quality in West Virginia". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1658.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2000.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 58 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 44-45).
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7

Ryckwaert, Yves. "Strangulation aigue͏̈ grave accidentelle de l'enfant". Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11279.

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8

Storsveen, Silje. "Evaluation and Learning after Major Railway Accidents : Various perspectives of accident research theories in evaluation reports and their implications for learning after accidents". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Psykologisk institutt, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-16539.

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Accident causation has been differently approached and evaluated in the last decades. This thesis studies four large accidents in the Norwegian railway organization, i.e. the Tretten accident, the Nordstrand accident, the Åsta accident and the Alnabru/Sjursøya accident. Accident causation was investigated by systematically reviewing and comparing the respective accidents‟ evaluation reports to three dominant accident research theories: The Energy and Barrier theory, the Man-made Disaster theory and the Normal Accident theory. It is concluded that the development of the accident evaluation reports throughout a time period of 35 years initially developed from simple cause-effect relationships implemented mainly by local technical safety barriers to more recent strategies including an increasing number of indirect causes with following recommendations within non-technical areas, as communication processes and management strategies. The official accident reports evaluating the Tretten and the Nordstrand accidents focused on the immediate failures leading to the accidents. The two latter reports, evaluating the Åsta and Alnabru/Sjursøya accidents emphasized to a larger degree the indirect causes contributing to the accidents, as well as the decisive failures. From a theoretical point of view it is concluded that the stated causation with attached recommendations characterizing the Åsta and Alnabru/Sjursøya accidents provided a higher organizational learning potential than the stated causation of the Tretten and the Nordstrand accidents. This conclusion is mainly based upon the limited and narrow view of causation and recommendations in the available evaluation reports after the Tretten and Nordstrand accidents. After the Åsta and Alnabru/Sjursøya accidents, the respective Commission of inquiry presented a specific as well as general view, relating the causation, and recommendations, for the future to several levels in the organization. However, if indirect causation and following recommendations are too broad, difficulties might arise locating the failures and implementing corrections. From a theoretical perspective, indirect causation enhances organizational learning, but it may also lead to abstract and broader recommendations which are harder to implement in the system due to modern organization‟s continuous increase in complexity of components and interactions. It is concluded that to ensure enhanced organizational learning accident evaluation has to be more specifically adapted to organizational structures, i.e. adapted to both the formal and informal structures of an organization as well as focused on the practical consequences of the implementations.
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9

Moutton, Françoise. "Etude des principaux cas d'accidents domestiques : facteurs de risque, règlementation et prévention". Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P077.

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10

Leger, Pascal. "Elements pour une prevention individuelle et collective des accidents de ski alpin". Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2M094.

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11

Green, Judith. "Risk and misfortune : a social construction of accidents /". London : UCL press, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37541512n.

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12

Regard, Maryelle. "Les accidents de parapente de 1993 à 1995 : analyse et prévention". Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2M107.

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13

Shuhaibar, Nabeel Khalil. "Road accidents in a developing country : characteristics and causes of accident rates in Kuwait". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8185.

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14

Henry, Kevin C. "Soft surface roll mechanics parameters for light vehicle rollover accident reconstruction /". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2024.pdf.

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15

Thompson, Gary. "An evaluation of supervisor's accident investigation reports". Thesis, Federation University Australia, 1997. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/164853.

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The aim of the research project is to investigate the veracity of negative criticisms of supervisors' accident investigations by using the generalised time sequence model as the analytical tool to evaluate the data recorded in a convenience sample of supervisors' accident investigation report forms.
Master of Applied Science
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16

BOLARD, CHRISTELLE. "Accidents medicamenteux et responsabilites". Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10069.

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Il faut sept a douze ans d'efforts et de recherches, ainsi que de lourds investissements pour qu'une nouvelle entite chimique (sur 1 000 ou 10 000 porteuses d'un espoir) devienne finalement un medicament et prenne place dans notre arsenal therapeutique. Ce produit different des autres, constitue une substance active etrangere a l'organisme, dont le spectre d'action explique non seulement l'effet recherche en therapeutique mais aussi des effets qui ne sont pas forcement souhaites, plutot subis, appeles effets secondaires ou lateraux. Certains peuvent avoir des consequences nocives, desagreables voire dangereuses. Le risque d'accident existe, il est potentiel et peut se realiser a chaque prise d'un medicament, nonobstant une haute surveillance de ce dernier apres sa mise sur le marche par le biais de la pharmacovigilance. Lorsque l'accident se produit, les victimes vont rechercher les responsables et porteront generalement leur action devant le juge civil pour obtenir reparation de leur dommage, plus rarement devant le juge penal. En pratique, la determination du responsable dependra de l'origine de l'accident, selon que celui-ci est lie a une conception ou fabrication defectueuse du medicament, ou au contraire a sa delivrance ou a son utilisation.
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17

Boceno, Michelle. "Les accidents gravido-cardiaques". Nantes, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NANT3584.

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18

Ozkan, Gokay. "Analysis Of Mine Accidents And Financial Consequences To Gli Mines". Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609017/index.pdf.

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The expenditures resulting from work accidents is increasing every year. Among the other work accidents, mine accidents result important loss of time, money and lives. From the point of view of mine accidents, studies about cost of mine accidents need some contributions. In this thesis, cost of mine accidents to worker, employer, and total economy of country will be analysed in the light of data from Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Social Insurance Institution, and Tü
rkiye Coal Enterprises. General Analysis is carried out within all industrial sectors, Mining sector, and Coal Mining sector. Detailed analysis is carried out within Western Lignite Company (GLi). Occupational accidents have vital importance for the mines from legal, human and economic aspects. The goal of every mine should be to minimize occupational accidents. The top management of every mine should prove their commitments to the occupational health and safety policy to carry out this goal by means of preparing and implementing an accident preventing program.
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19

Nseya, Cecile. "Bicycle accidents: An analysis of the causes of single bicycle accidents in Stockholm". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-364765.

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Bicycling has many advantages. For example, it emits less noise compared to motor vehicles, it is environmentally friendly, and bicycling, as a means of transport, gives people exercise. To encourage bicycling in Sweden, the Swedish government has promoted policies and proposals on national and local levels. At the same time, several pieces of research on bicycle use in Sweden show that more people are bicycling now than 60 years ago. STRADA’s (Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition) reports also show that most people who are severely injured in traffic are bicyclists, and that most bicycle accidents occur in urban and metropolitan areas.   Stockholm is a European city with a growing population. At the end of 2013 the population were 897 700    and it is predicted to grow by 25 % by 2030. The municipality of Stockholm is working on investment projects for bicyclists with the aim to increase accessibility and road safety such as special road safety measures at intersections that often aim at improving road conditions for both pedestrians and bicyclists, and better maintenance of bicycle paths, both in summers and winters. Critics and different debate articles about bicyclists` safety and accessibility point out that the investments that Stockholm municipality is making are not enough for meeting the growing population, especially for bicyclists.   The aim of this study is to analyse the causes of bicycle accidents in the city of Stockholm. To help answer the research questions stated below, statistics on bicycle accidents were extracted in Excel from Strada and compiled in Excel using the Excel tool PivotTable and Analysis Tool Pak. The questions investigated in the thesis are as follows: when and where are bicyclists most likely to suffer an accident, why does the accident occur, and what causes are behind bicycle accidents at the chosen place of investigation? Five categorisations on the causes of single bicycle accidents were used and these were: operations and maintenance, road design, bicycle interactions, cyclists’ behaviour and conditions, and interaction with other road users.    In addition to the above, a semi-structural qualitative interview was conducted with bicyclists who bicycle in or along the report's area of investigation. The results of this report show that single bicycle accidents in the investigated area have increased between 2010 and 2016, and that many bicyclists are not satisfied with the bicycle infrastructure in Stockholm.
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20

Bassenne, Paul-Henri. "Contribution à l'étude de problèmes posés par les accidents de la route en 1991". Besançon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BESA3030.

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21

Letourneux, Véronique. "Connaissance des accidents du travail et parcours accidentés : regard sociologique sur les angles morts d'une question de santé publique". Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT3014.

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La connaissance des accidents du travail repose en France essentiellement sur les statistiques de la CNAMTS. Cette connaissance présente des limites, signalées depuis plus de vingt ans. A partir d'une enquête qualitative longitudinale menée auprès de 32 salariés accidentés, la recherche propose un autre angle de connaissance sur les accidents du travail, observés à l'articulation de l'organisation du travail et de l'histoire, individuelle et collective, de ceux qui les ont subis. Il s'agit alors de questionner les rapports sociaux qui se jouent dans le travail d'une part autour de la survenue de l'accident et de son inscription dans les corps et dans les parcours, et d'autre part, autour de la reconnaissance de l'accident et de sa prise en charge. Dans une perspective de santé publique, ce travail propose une analyse critique des dispositifs institutionnels sur lesquels reposent la visibilité – et l'invisibilité – des accidents du travail et des accidentés
What we know about occupational accidents in France mostly comes from figures published by the French national health services (CNAMTS). These figures show limitations which have been identified over 20 years ago. A longitudinal survey was carried out among 32 injured workers and our research suggests an alternative approach to occupational accidents which focuses on the point where work organisation hinges onto the individual and collective history of those injured. The issue is to question social relations within the work environment, first from the point of view of the accident itself and its impact on the body and on their life; then it focuses on how the accident is acknowledged and expenses paid for. From a public health angle, this work puts forward a critical analysis of institutional devices responsible for the visibility – or invisibility – of occupational accidents and of those injured
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22

Leung, Sze-kwan. "Human aspects of container truck accidents : causes, effects and possible improvement measures /". [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13762072.

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23

Parilek, Jimmy. "Implementing an incident review analysis and accountability system for ABC Construction". Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009parilekj.pdf.

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24

Cohen-Fabre, Hélène. "Les accidents du travail en milieu forestier : étude rétrospective de 1973 à 1981". Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11218.

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25

Shoarian-Sattari, Kamal. "Use of vehicle flow parameters as predictors of road traffic accident risk". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391324.

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26

Hashimoto, Tomoyuki. "Spatial analysis of pedestrian accidents". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001072.

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27

David, Claire. "Why do children have accidents?" Thesis, University of Warwick, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409904.

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28

Sutton, Jane C. "Accidents to patients in hospital". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292535.

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29

Pillay, Kersey Robin. "The costs of construction accidents". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1044.

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Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Construction Management Department of the Built Environment in the Faculty of Construction Management and Quantity Surveying at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology 2014
The construction industry contributes significantly to national economic growth and offers substantial opportunities for job creation; however the industry has continually been plagued by workplace accidents. Moreover, employers may not realize the economic magnitude of workplace injury and ill health arising from construction activities. These accidents represent a considerable economic and social burden to employers, employees and to society as a whole. Despite governments and organisations worldwide maintaining an on-going commitment towards establishing a working environment free of injury and disease, a great deal of construction accidents continues to frequent our society. Given the high rate of construction accidents experienced, employers are not entirely mindful of the actual costs of construction accidents, especially when considering the hidden or indirect costs of accidents. Various safety research efforts have attempted to quantify the true costs of worker injuries, however localised systematic information on cost of construction accidents at work is not readily available from administrative statistical data sources, therefore this study was carried out in order to estimate the costs, like lost workdays or lost income, are clearly visible and can readily be expressed in monetary value; for a large part however, economic consequences of accidents are somewhat hidden. Indirect costs following an accident may be disregarded, damage to the company image is difficult to quantify and pricing human suffering and health damage is subject to discussion. Nevertheless, it is possible to get an adequate insight into the costs of accidents and the potential benefits of accident prevention.
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30

Lhomme, Jean-Pierre. "Maternités adolescentes : des accidents récupérés". Paris, EHESS, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1987EHES0017.

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La maternite chez certaines adolescentes a pour origine un desir d'acquerir un statut social pourvu de roles refuses aux mineurs. Compte tenu du puissant interdit qui s'oppose a cette paternite, ces adolescentes se voient contraintes de "mettre en scene" l'accident qui les rendra meres et par la meme obligera l'environnement a les considerer comme femmes. En fonction du milieu social ou a lieu cette maternite, une recuperation en a lieu dont les agents sont les familles des jeunes meres ou les travailleurs sociaux. Cette recuperation, qui intervient des que la maternite apparait comme un fait ineluctable, a pour objectif d'assurer coute que coute la protection de l'enfant en contraignant la jeune femme a une etroite conformite au role de mere le plus traditionnel.
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31

MURATET, ROGER SYLVIANE. "Les accidents oculaires en metallurgie". Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU31040.

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32

Sagnes, Pierre. "Accidents traumatiques sur machines agricoles". Reims, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REIMM030.

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33

CARLIER, ERIC. "Incidents et accidents du tennis". Lille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL2M369.

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34

Lotzer, Gérard. "Plongee profonde : limites, reglementation, accidents". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR1M101.

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35

Lhomme, Jean-Pierre. "Maternités adolescentes des "accidents" récupérés /". Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37607413h.

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36

Tsui, Mio-kuan. "Pedestrian crashes in commercial and business areas a case study of Hong Kong /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37233580.

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37

Salmi, Louis-Rachid. "Contribution a l'étude épidémiologique et biostatistique des accidents". Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA077090.

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Ce document regroupe deux travaux publiés, portant sur des aspects peu ou mal étudiés de l'épidémiologie des accidents. Ces deux articles sont d'abord replacés dans le contexte de mes travaux sur, d'une part, le rôle de l'environnement physique dans la genèse des accidents et, d'autre part, la promotion des méthodes épidémiologiques et biostatistiques dans l'étude des accidents. Une brève revue de la littérature récente permet également de situer les travaux présentés dans le contexte de la recherche actuelle sur les deux thèmes spécifiques abordés par ces travaux, les accidents de l'enfant dans les fermes et l'évaluation des soins aux traumatisés. Le premier article rapporte les résultats d'une étude épidémiologique des décès accidentels d'enfants dans les fermes de deux Etats américains. Cette étude a tout d'abord permis de décrire les caractéristiques épidémiologiques et les circonstances de ces événements. Elle a également permis de soulever des hypothèses nouvelles sur le rôle de l'environnement et sur l'interaction possible entre l'environnement et l'absence de supervision parentale dans les accidents de l'enfant dans les fermes. Le deuxième article présente une discussion critique de la mesure traditionnelle d'évaluation de la qualité des soins aux traumatisés, le taux de décès évitables, et propose d'intégrer une approche épidémiologique et biostatistique à ce domaine, par l'utilisation de paramètres classiques de l'évaluation des technologies médicales. Les problèmes méthodologiques liés au taux de décès évitables sont définis et sont illustrés par une simulation à partir de données publiées. Une discussion des implications des travaux présentés sur la recherche épidémiologique sur les accidents conclut le document
This thesis on the epidemiology of injuries includes two published reports on topics that either have received little attention, or have been poorly studied. The first part of the thesis relates the two articles to my research on: 1) the rote of the environment in the occurrence of injuries; and, 2) the promotion of epidemiological and biostatistical methods for the study of injuries. A brief literature review then puts the papers in perspective with other research on the topics addressed by the papers, namely pediatric farm injuries, and trauma care evaluation. The first article reports on an epidemiological study of fatal farm injuries among young children in Wisconsin and Illinois. This study described epidemiological characteristics and circumstances of fatal farm injuries; it also suggested new hypotheses on the rote of the environment and on the interaction between environmental factors and lack of parental supervision in the occurrence of pediatric farm injuries. The second article focusses on the appropriateness of the traditional measure of the impact of trauma care on survival, the preventable death rate. Methodological flaws in the preventable death rate are defined and illustrated with published and hypothetical data. The paper also includes a demonstration that an epidemiological and biostatistical approach, based on classical parameters of evaluation of medical technology, could be appropriately used in place of the preventable death rate. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the implications of the two papers for epidemiological research on injuries
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Jacquemin-Marouani, Marianne. "Réflexions à propos des accidents d'enfants au domicile de leurs parents". Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE2015.

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39

Chang, Li-yen. "Nested logit analysis of vehicle occupancy and accident severity /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10189.

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40

Ballout, Fadi. "Alcool, psychotropes, accidents de la route : enquête réalisée par le S.A.M.U. de Nîmes sur quarante accidents". Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11130.

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41

Lemesle, Martin Martine. "Epidémiologie des accidents vasculaires cérébraux et des accidents ischémiques transitoires dans la ville de Dijon, France". Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOMU10.

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Par leur fréquence et leur gravité, les Accidents Vasculaires Cérébraux (AVC) représentent un problème majeur de santé publique. Depuis 1985, le registre dijonnais des AVC permet de recenser tous les AVC et les accidents ischémiques Transitoires (AIT) survenant dans la population de Dijon intra-muros de 150 000 habitants. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de ce travail est de souligner l’intérêt de l’épidémiologie descriptive et d’approcher quelques données d’épidémiologie analytique. Les données recueillies dans ce registre de population permettent de calculer une incidence des AVC à Dijon de 170/100 000 hommes et de 126/100 000 femmes. Ces taux d’incidence sont parmi les plus faibles au monde. Les patients victimes d’AVC, les plus sévères, ou porteurs de nombreux facteurs de risque, sont fréquemment hospitalisés, alors que les accidents mineurs peuvent être traités en ambulatoire d’où l’intérêt de travailler sur un registre de population. Nous confirmons une moindre mortalité de ces accidents au sein de la population urbaine de Dijon (Bourgogne, France) par rapport à la population rurale d’Avallon (Bourgogne, France). L’étude des tendances évolutive des incidences permet une meilleure connaissance des variations temporelles des AVC et identifie des évolutions différentes en fonction du sous-type ischémique (infarctus, lacunes ou AIT) suggérant un meilleur contrôle de certains facteurs de risque (hypertension artérielle) ou l’augmentation de certains patients à risques différents (cardiopathie emboligène). L’étude de la mortalité initiale à 3 mois des AVC, dans 12 centres européens retrouve un des taux le plus faible à Dijon (20%). La survie à 5 ans après un AVC, s’améliore dans la population Dijonnaise de 1986 à 1991. Ces données sont précieuses pour déterminer les besoins de prise en charge médicale et pour organiser les efforts de prévention des facteurs de risque incriminés dans la survenue de ces AVC ou des AIT.
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42

Gibler, Michelle. "The relationship of traumatic brain injury to posted speed limits in Missouri in 1999 /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3137702.

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43

Chagas, Denise Martins. "Método para análise de acidentes de trânsito com a identificação de fatores causais". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/116727.

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Esta tese tem como finalidade propor um método de coleta, tratamento e análise de dados de acidentes de trânsito para aplicação no Brasil. Este método tem como um de seus objetivos reconhecer os fatores que contribuem para a ocorrência dos acidentes, visto que identificar as causas dos acidentes é fundamental na busca por soluções para o problema da acidentalidade. No Brasil as bases de dados de acidentes de trânsito são, em geral, estruturadas a partir dos registros policiais e carecem de informações adequadas para a análise da segurança viária. O método proposto neste trabalho permite registrar acidentes de modo a contemplar: as características do acidente, as circunstâncias do momento, a identificação e as características dos veículos e pessoas envolvidas. Além disso, o método permite relacionar essas informações com os fatores que contribuíram para a ocorrência dos acidentes. Nesse contexto, a criação de uma base de dados de acidentes e seus fatores contribuintes, vem suprir a carência de informações essenciais para o diagnóstico e encaminhamento de soluções adequadas para os problemas motivadores dos acidentes de trânsito. A proposta desta tese está baseada em uma abordagem que combina aspectos qualitativos e quantitativos, alinhada às melhores práticas internacionais na área de segurança viária. Como resultado do desenvolvimento do método, foram elaborados instrumentos de coleta de dados contendo um formulário, um manual e procedimentos para a coleta de dados. Como resultado da aplicação prática desses instrumentos, foi criada a estrutura de uma base de dados que permitiu a definição do método proposto para a análise das causas de acidentes de trânsito. Como meio de validar o método proposto, foi realizado um estudo aplicado e são apresentadas as análises de dados dos acidentes de trânsito observados.
This thesis has the purpose of presenting a method for collecting and processing data on traffic accidents to be applied in Brazil. This method aims to acknowledge the contributor factors for the occurrence of accidents, since identifying the causes of accidents is crucial on the search for effective solutions for the road safety problem. Traffic accidents database in Brazil are generally structured based on police reports, therefore lacking adequate information for the analyses of road safety. The method proposes a registry of the accidents comprising accident characteristics, scene circumstances, vehicle as well as involved people identification and characteristics. Moreover, it allows relating that information with the accident contributory factors. In this scenery, the creation of an accident database and its contributory factors emerge to supply the lack of essential information for the diagnosis and adequate solution for traffic accidents. This thesis’ proposal has an approach that combines both quantitative and qualitative aspects, seeking to level up to the best international practice on the road safety area. As a result of the development of the method, data collection instruments were elaborated: a form, a manual, and procedures for data collection. Besides, as a result of the practical application of these instruments, a database - which allowed the definition of the method proposed for analysis of the causes of traffic accidents - was created. As a mean of validation of the method, an applied study and the data analysis of the observed traffic accidents are presented.
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44

Flaherty, Sarah. "Understanding accident investigators : a study of the required skills and behaviours for effective UK inspectors of accidents". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2008. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8045.

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In the UK, accidents associated with maritime, aviation and rail transport are conducted by the Inspectors of Accidents at the Marine, Air and Rail Accident Investigation Branches. A review of current academic literature provides little insight into the qualities and attributes essential for the role of accident investigator. A wealth of material exists about accidents themselves but as yet, a study into the profile of the accident investigator has not been conducted. This research sought to determine the requisite skills and behaviours of an effective accident investigator based upon a three-phased, primarily qualitative, methodology. Content analysis was used to determine task and non-task specific themes from semistructured interviews conducted with accident investigators from the UK and the US, the findings of which are characterized by individualism and variability: the former having implications for effective teamwork and the latter indicating the paucity of structured analysis processes in use, which would lead to reproducible and transparent results. Repertory Grid interviews elicited five competency themes and one hundred attendant behavioural indicators which were employed during the final phase of the research to determine their relative importance in terms of recruitment, training and the superior investigator. The findings showed that it was believed essential to consider interpersonal and communication skills, cognitive abilities and personal attributes during recruitment and that technical skills were deemed to be most amenable to change through training interventions with personal abilities least likely. Further thematic analysis of highly rated behavioural indicators showed an emphasis on report writing and dealing with people. These findings have implications for recruitment with a need for non-technical competencies such as report writing and the ability to deal with people to be more prevalent in selection testing and decision-making. No specific skills or behaviours were found to distinguish superior performance in investigation, instead requiring a balance of competencies. With no defining threshold, the researcher proposed that superior performance should be measured "relative to mission" and is more usefully thought of an added value continuum rather than a set of discrete skills and behaviours. Evidence was provided to demonstrate how the organizational structure and philosophy influenced the working styles of the Inspectorate and therefore the expected skills and behaviours. The researcher advocates the combination of the competency framework and behavioural indicators derived with an extant Branch competence measure to strengthen the tools whilst responding to a call in the literature for a more blended approach to determining competences and competencies.
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Kucukosmanoglu, Alp. "Maritime Accidents Forecast Model For Bosphorus". Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614149/index.pdf.

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A risk assessment model (MAcRisk) have been developed to forecast the probability and the risk of maritime accidents on Bosphorus. Accident archives of Undersecretariat Maritime Affairs Search and Rescue Department, weather conditions data of Turkish State Meteorological Service and bathymetry and current maps of Office of Navigation, Hydrography and Oceanography have been used to prepare the model input and to forecast the accident probability. Accident data has been compiled according to stated sub-regions on Bosphorus and event type of accidents such as collision, grounding, capsizing, fire and other. All data that could be obtained are used to clarify the relationship on accident reasons. An artificial neural network model has been developed to forecast the maritime accidents in Bosphorus.
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Zou, Jiawei. "Analysis and Coding of Lifeboat Accidents". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-11641.

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Several studies have shown that lifeboat was not as safe as it was supposed to be. Even though there is less number of lifeboat accidents that contribute to the total shipping accidents, lifeboat accidents caused a lot of fatalities and injuries to seafarers, most in maintenance, survey or drilling. Seafarers’ confidence of lifeboats was seriously reduced. In this report, a coding structure is proposed after analyzing several lifeboat accidents by using one primary method called Events and Causal Factor Charting (ECFC) and an assisting method called Influence Diagrams. Further, the probabilistic model is proposed by utilizing the Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) to help build a model for analyzing the relationship between different causal events (variables). A human and organizational factors analysis is carried out after the BBN approach. A Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) is proposed in that chapter. A specific coding structure for lifeboat accidents is addressed in the research. This could help collecting lifeboat accident data in a more professional way and provide the sounding data support for the future quantification work. The BBN and HFACS work was proved to be feasible and beneficial for the analysis of lifeboat accidents. Future technical analysis could be provided based on the research. Key Words: Lifeboat, Influence Diagram, Coding, BBN, HFACS
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Turner, Shane. "Estimating accidents in a road network". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5677.

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This thesis describes the development of models for predicting accidents at the intersections in a road network, from the turning traffic volumes at each intersection. The accident prediction models were developed using Poisson and negative binomial regression for each of the major accident types, at each of the major intersection types. Countrywide models that predict the motor vehicle accidents (accidents involving motor vehicles only) in a five year period, from the product of the conflicting traffic volumes were developed for each accident type. Accident prediction models have also been developed to predict the number of motor vehicle accidents occurring in different periods of the day (eg. the morning peak, 7am to 9am) and in different urban centres. This thesis also describes three case studies, where the accident prediction models have been used to predict the total number of accidents (major accident types) at the intersections in three road networks. Case studies were performed on the Christchurch Southern Arterial network, Christchurch Central network and the Lower Hutt network. For the two latter networks the total number of intersection accidents predicted was quite similar to that observed. In the Southern Arterial network, however, the total number of intersection accidents was under-predicted considerably.
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Moustafa, Moustafa. "Fetus safety in motor vehicle accidents". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/16308.

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Motor vehicle accidents are statistically the major cause of accidental severe injuries for pregnant women and fetuses fatality. Volunteers, post mortem human surrogates, anthropomorphic crash test devices and computational occupant models are used to improve human safety in motor vehicle accidents. However, due to the ethical issues, pregnant women and their fetuses cannot be used as volunteers or post mortem human surrogates to investigate the effects of crashes on them. The only anthropomorphic test device representing pregnant women is very limited in design and lacks a fetus. There is no computational pregnant occupant model with a fetus other than 'Expecting'. This thesis focuses on understanding the risk of placental abruption for pregnant drivers involved in road accidents, hence assessing the risk to fetus fatality. An extensive review of existing models in general and pregnant women models in particular is reported. The time line of successive development of crash test dummies and their positive effect on automotive passive safety design are examined. 'Expecting', the computational pregnant occupant model with a finite element uterus and a multibody fetus, is used in this research to determine the strain levels in the uteroplacental interface. External factors, such as the effect of restraint systems and crash speeds are considered. Internal factors, such as the effect of placental location in the uterus, and the inclusion and exclusion of a fetus are investigated. The head of the multibody fetus is replaced with a deformable head model to investigate the effects of a deformable fetus head on strain levels. The computational pregnant driver model with a fetus offers a more realistic representation of the response to crash impact hence provides a useful tool to investigate fetus safety in motor vehicle accidents. Seat belt, airbag and steering wheel interact directly with the pregnant abdomen and play an important role on fetus safety in motor vehicle accidents. The results prove that the use of a three-point seat belt with the airbag offer the greatest protection to the fetus for frontal crash impacts. The model without a fetus underestimates the strain levels. The outcome of this research should assist automobile manufacturers to address the potential safety issues at the design level.
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Rigaud, Christine. "Abord psychopathologique des accidents chez l'enfant". Nantes, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NANT270M.

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Giami, Dominique. "Accidents vasculaires oculaires et contraception orale". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR1M307.

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