Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Above ground dry matter (AGDM)"
Siga este link para ver outros tipos de publicações sobre o tema: Above ground dry matter (AGDM).
Crie uma referência precisa em APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, e outros estilos
Veja os 50 melhores artigos de revistas para estudos sobre o assunto "Above ground dry matter (AGDM)".
Ao lado de cada fonte na lista de referências, há um botão "Adicionar à bibliografia". Clique e geraremos automaticamente a citação bibliográfica do trabalho escolhido no estilo de citação de que você precisa: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
Você também pode baixar o texto completo da publicação científica em formato .pdf e ler o resumo do trabalho online se estiver presente nos metadados.
Veja os artigos de revistas das mais diversas áreas científicas e compile uma bibliografia correta.
1
Zeleke, Ketema Tilahun. "Evaluating Dry Matter Production and Grain Yield of Dual-Purpose Winter Wheat Using Field Experiment and Modelling". Agronomy 10, n.º 3 (2 de março de 2020): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10030338.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The potential of a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Wedgetail to provide grazing and grain yield under different sowing times, grazing times, and watering regimes, under current and future climate, was investigated using field experiment and simulation modelling. For the field experiment, there were two watering treatments (unirrigated (D) and irrigated (I)) and four simulated grazing treatments (ungrazed, simulated grazed at growth stage (GS) 25, simulated grazed at growth stage (GS) 32, and grazed at both GS 25 and GS 32). These were designated as D0, D1, D2, and D3, respectively, for the unirrigated treatment and I0, I1, I2, and I3, respectively, for the irrigated treatment. It was found that the soil water depletion was significantly higher (p < 0.05) for the irrigated/ungrazed treatment than that for the simulated grazed treatment. The crop simulated grazed at GS 25 recovered quicker than the crop grazed at GS 32, especially for the unirrigated treatment. As the sowing time is delayed, above-ground dry matter (AGDM) production decreases. For D2 and D3, the amount of simulated grazed AGDM was 3.46 t ha−1 and 3.55 t ha−1, respectively. For I2 and I3, the amount of simulated grazed AGDM was 4.73 t ha−1 and 4.34 t ha−1, respectively. For D1, simulated grazing increased grain yield by 7%, while for D2 and D3, it increased by 18% and 24%, respectively. For I1, simulated grazing reduced grain yield by 16%, while for I2 and I3, it decreased by 42% and 42%, respectively. Simulation using the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) showed that, for winter wheat sown in the second week of March, the maximum AGDM expected one in two years at the ends of May, June, and July is 4.5 t ha−1, 5.8 t ha−1, and 6.8 t ha−1, respectively. If the crop is sown mid-April, these values are 0.8 t ha−1, 2.2 t ha−1, and 4.3 t ha−1, respectively. Yield did not show response to times of sowing from March to early April. The maximum value reached was about 4.5 t ha−1 when sown in the fourth week of March, after which it started decreasing and reached the lowest value of about 4.1 t ha−1 when sown by the end of May. The total above-ground dry matter (AGDM) obtained by grazing earlier during the feasible grazing period and again towards the end of this period was not significantly different from grazing only once towards the end of this period. The simulation results showed that winter wheat Wedgetail flowering date was less sensitive to sowing time and that yield did not show a significant response to times of sowing, with the maximum occurring for the fourth week of March sowing and the lowest for the fourth week of May sowing.
2
Borrell, A. K., A. L. Garside, S. Fukai e D. J. Reid. "Season, nitrogen rate, and plant type affect nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency in rice". Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, n.º 5 (1998): 829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a97057.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Studies were undertaken in the Burdekin River Irrigation Area of northern Australia to improve the efficiency of nitrogen (N) use for rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. The aim was to maximise grain yield by optimising its functional components: N uptake, efficiency of N use for dry matter production (NUEdm), and harvest index (HI). The effiects of season (wet and dry), N rate (0, 70, 140, 210, and 280 kg/ha), and plant type (maturity and stature) on N uptake, NUEdm, and HI were examined in 2 wet and 2 dry seasons. Leaf area development was closely related to N uptake. In the wet season, genotypes had similar rates of increase in leaf area index (LAI) with N uptake but differed in the level of LAI (curves were parallel). In the dry season, the relationship between N uptake and LAI was different for each genotype (curves not parallel). In both seasons cv. Newbonnet generally had a lower LAI per unit N uptake (i.e. leaf area production was not excessive) than cvv. Lemont and Starbonnet. Dry matter production and grain yield were also closely related to N uptake. At low levels of N availability (N uptake <100 kg/ha) tissue N concentrations were low and both total above-ground dry mass (AGDM) and grain yield were linearly related to N uptake. As N availability increased, N uptake and tissue N concentration increased, resulting in a deviation of the AGDM and grain yield curves from the linear at about 100 kg/haN uptake. This finally resulted in AGDM and grain yield plateauing at around 200 kg/ha N uptake. Above this level some factors other than N availability limited yield. Seasonal differences in N uptake, NUEdm, and HI were observed. Seasonal variation in the response of grain yield to N uptake was found. There was a trend for higher N uptake in the absence of fertiliser application in the wet than the dry season, and the recovery fraction was less for N rates >140 kg/ha in all seasons, i.e. fertiliser N uptake efficiency declined with increasing N rate. Nitrogen was used more effectively by the rice crop to produce grain compared with non-grain parts when average daily mean temperatures were lower during the period between panicle initiation and anthesis. Genotypic variation was found in N uptake, NUEdm, and HI. The ability to capture these components in crop improvement programs depends on the extent to which genetic linkages between N uptake and both NUEdm and HI can be broken. While our data suggest that N uptake is generally negatively correlated with both NUEdm and HI, there is some evidence that these linkages can be broken. For example, the fact that HIdid not change with increasing N uptake in Lemont and, to a lesser extent, in Newbonnet suggests that HI does not always decline with increasing N uptake. The example of Newbonnet suggests that, to some extent, it is possible to increase yield by increasing each of the functional components independently within a specific genotype.
3
Njoku, Damian Ndubuisi, e Emmanuel Ukaobasi Mbah. "Assessment of yield components of some cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes using multivariate analysis such as path coefficients". Open Agriculture 5, n.º 1 (8 de setembro de 2020): 516–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2020-0051.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
AbstractCassava, which is a tropical storage root crop, serves as a veritable source of carbohydrate for people living in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is also an important source of industrial starch, biopolymers, animal feeds and ethanol. However, the genetic improvement of the crop is impeded by dearth in information on its genetic variability. A field experiment was carried out at the National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike (05° 29′ N; 07° 33′ E; 122 m a.s.l.), Nigeria, aimed at assessing the interrelationship between fresh root yield and thirteen quantitative yield-related characters of twenty-eight (28) newly developed cassava genotypes. The rain-fed experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with dual replications in 2016/2017 cropping seasons. The results indicated that the newly developed cassava genotypes [2] NR110315 followed by [20] B1-5 and [1] NR110238 exhibited (P < 0.05) highest fresh root yield among the twenty-eight genotypes tested. The fresh root yield of [2] NR110315 (18.77 Mt ha−1) was relatively higher compared with [18] NR050080, which gave the least root yield of 5.38 Mt ha−1. The correlation coefficients obtained from the associations among the variables were positive and exhibited highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) association, especially between leaf area index (LAI) and root diameter as well as with fresh root yield of cassava. Among the nine variables subjected to the path analysis, LAI, starch content, above ground dry matter (AGDM), weight of fresh marketable roots per plant and root length that contributed positively and directly to higher fresh root yield require greater attention during selection and breeding in cassava studies. The direct effect of the variables indicating their magnitudes in decreasing order showed that LAI exhibited the greatest effect followed by starch content, AGDM, weight of fresh marketable roots plant−1, root length, % cassava bacterial blight incidence and % Cassava mosaic disease incidence, which had the lowest direct effect on root yield of cassava. Cyanide potential exhibited a direct, weak and negative effect on fresh root yield. The results further suggested that cassava improvement could be achieved through these characters that have positive and highly significant magnitude effect on fresh root yield.
4
FOULKES, M. J., J. W. SNAPE, V. J. SHEARMAN, M. P. REYNOLDS, O. GAJU e R. SYLVESTER-BRADLEY. "PAPER PRESENTED AT INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON INCREASING WHEAT YIELD POTENTIAL, CIMMYT, OBREGON, MEXICO, 20–24 MARCH 2006 Genetic progress in yield potential in wheat: recent advances and future prospects". Journal of Agricultural Science 145, n.º 1 (25 de janeiro de 2007): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859607006740.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Knowledge of the changes in physiological traits associated with genetic gains in yield potential is essential to improve understanding of yield-limiting factors and to inform future breeding strategies. Recent advances in genetic yield potential and associated physiological changes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are reviewed. Genetic gains in yield potential worldwide have been both positively correlated with harvest index (HI) and above-ground dry matter (AGDM), with more frequent reports of yield progress associated with biomass since about 1990. It is concluded that an important aim of future breeding will be the increase of biomass production while maintaining the present values of HI. In winter wheat recent biomass progress has been positively associated with pre-anthesis radiation-use efficiency (RUE) and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of stems at anthesis. Present results in two doubled-haploid (DH) populations show a positive linear relationship between stem WSC and grain yield in the UK environment. Results from various investigations worldwide in recent years have demonstrated that biomass increases have been associated with particular introductions of alien genes into wheat germplasm, e.g. the 1BL.1RS wheat-rye translocation and the 7DL.7Ag wheat-Agropyron elongatum translocation. Present results confirm a positive effect of 1BL.1RS on harvest biomass in two DH populations in the UK. The future prospects for identifying physiological traits to raise yield potential are considered with particular reference to winter wheat grown in northwestern Europe. It is proposed that optimized rooting traits, an extended stem-elongation phase, greater RUE, greater stem WSC storage and optimized ear morphology will be important for breeding progress in yield potential in future years.
5
Baral, Binaya, Manisha Shrestha, Binod Pokhrel e Puspa Dulal. "Effect of planting dates and sources of nitrogen on growth and yield of cauliflower at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal". International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences 1, n.º 2 (30 de dezembro de 2020): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2020.127.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Appropriate time of planting and use of suitable sources of nitrogen are highly conducive for better growth and yield of cauliflower. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of planting dates and sources of nitrogen on growth & yield of cauliflower at horticulture research block of Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal from 1st Nov 2019 to 4th March 2020 using ‘Snow mystic’, a late season variety of cauliflower. The study was laid out in split-plot design with two dates of planting (Dec 1st & Dec 16th) as main plot factors & four sources of nitrogen viz. 100% biochar (BCH), 100% Urea(U), 50% urea+ 50% Poultry manure (U+PM) & 50% Biochar+ 50% poultry manure (BCH+PM) against a control as sub-plot factors and were replicated thrice with 30 experimental units each of 9 m2 size containing 5 rows with 5 plants per row. The recommended dose of fertilizer used for the research was 108:92:60 kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 and P and K were supplied through SSP and MOP. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam with slightly acidic with pH (5.6). The data regarding days to 90% curding, canopy area (cm2), leaf number per plant, above ground dry mater (g m-2) (AGDM), curd size (cm2) and curd weight per plant(g), days to curding to harvesting interval, yield, HI and B:C ratio were recorded and analysed using MS Excel and R studio. Significantly higher number of leaves per plant (16.03), bigger average canopy area (5089.93 cm2), higher AGDM (217.91 g m-2), bigger (1563.03 cm2) and heavier curds (1412.44 g) were recorded in 1st Dec. transplanted cauliflower with significantly higher harvest index (68.20). Regarding the sources of nitrogen, all the above parameters were seen better under BCH+ PM but were statistically at par with other nitrogen sources except control. The 1st Dec. planted crop had 4 more days of curding to harvesting interval than 16th Dec. planted one but the difference was not significant. December 1st planted cauliflower yielded 110% more yield and net returns than 16th Dec. planted crop whereas BCH incurred maximum cost (NRs 322145 ha-1) and U and U+PM were the most profitable in terms of B:C ratio (12.77 and 12.96 respectively).Hence, better crop yield and benefit could be obtained by planting the late season cauliflower (var. Snow mystic) at 1st Dec with the use of 100% urea or U+PM as nitrogen source in plains of Nepal having Chitwan like climate.
6
Tesfuhuney, Weldemichael, Muthianzhele Ravuluma, Admire Rukudzo Dzvene, Zaid Bello, Fourie Andries, Sue Walker e Davide Cammarano. "In-Field Rainwater Harvesting Tillage in Semi-Arid Ecosystems: I Maize–Bean Intercrop Performance and Productivity". Plants 12, n.º 17 (23 de agosto de 2023): 3027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12173027.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The purpose of this study was to monitor and compare the growth and productivity of maize/beans sole and inter-cropping systems under conventional (CON) and in-field rainwater harvesting (IRWH) tillage practices. During the typical drought conditions of the 2018/19 growing season, seven homestead gardens of smallholder farmers (four in Paradys and three in Morago villages) in the Thaba Nchu rural communities of South Africa were selected for on-farm demonstration trials. Two tillage systems CON and IRWH as the main plot and three cropping systems as sub-treatment (sole maize and beans and intercropping) were used to measure crop growth and productivity parameters. The results showed that IRWH tillage had significantly higher above-ground dry matter for both sole maize (29%) and intercropped maize (27%) compared to CON treatments. The grain yield under both tillage systems showed that IRWH-Sole >> IRWH-Ic >> CON-Sole >> CON-Ic, with values ranging from 878.2 kg ha−1 to 618 kg ha−1 (p ≤ 0.05). The low harvest index values (0.21–0.38) could have been due to the effect of the drought during the growing season. The results of precipitation use efficiency (PUE) showed that the IRWH tillage was more effective at converting rainwater into maize biomass and grain yield compared to CON tillage. However, the different cropping systems did not show a consistent trend in PUE. During the growing season, the PUE for AGDM varied for different tillage and cropping system treatments in Morago and Paradys. For maize, it ranged between 10.01–6.07 and 9.93–7.67 kg ha−1, while for beans, it ranged between 7.36–3.95 and 7.07–3.89 kg ha−1 mm−1. The PUE for grain yield showed similar trends with the significantly highest values of PUE under IRWH tillage systems for the Morago sites, but there were no significant differences at the Paradys site in both tillage and cropping systems. There is a critical need, therefore, to devise alternative techniques to promote an increase in smallholders’ productivity based on an improved ability to capture and use resources more efficiently.
7
Souza, Henrique A. de, Roberto C. F. F. Pompeu, Rafael G. Tonucci, Francisco E. P. Fernandes, Maria D. M. Araújo e Luiz F. C. Leite. "Sheep manure fertilization in Mimosa caesalpiniifolia in an Albaquult". Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 25, n.º 4 (abril de 2021): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n4p243-249.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
ABSTRACT The use of organic fertilizers can increase the production of forest species for the extraction of wood from monoculture stands or integrated systems. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of applying doses of sheep manure on the biometric traits of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (‘sabiá’) in a silviculture system in an area previously occupied by native degraded pasture in an Albaquult. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four repetitions, with treatments corresponding to five doses of sheep manure per plant: 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 kg in the first year, while in the second year the double of the doses (0, 4, 8, 16 and 32 kg per plant) were applied as topdressing under the canopy. The following biometric variables were evaluated: height (H); root collar diameter (RCD); diameter at breast height (DBH); above-ground dry weight (AGDW); accumulation of nutrients (aerial part); and soil fertility. The plants were responsive to the organic fertilization regarding the variables H, DBH, and AGDW. The sheep manure increased the mean values of pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, SB, CEC, BS, S-SO4 2- and Zn, and reduced the potential acidity in the 0-0.20 m soil layer. The organic matter variable increased up to the dose of 13.70 kg per plant. The accumulation rates of macro and micronutrients in the ‘sabiá’ plants were N > Ca > K > Mg > P > S and Fe > Mn > B > Zn > Cu, respectively.
8
Shawon, Ashifur Rahman, Jonghan Ko, Bokeun Ha, Seungtaek Jeong, Dong Kwan Kim e Han-Yong Kim. "Assessment of a Proximal Sensing-integrated Crop Model for Simulation of Soybean Growth and Yield". Remote Sensing 12, n.º 3 (28 de janeiro de 2020): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12030410.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
A remote sensing-integrated crop model (RSCM) able to simulate crop growth processes using proximal or remote sensing data was formulated for simulation of soybean through estimating parameters required for modelling. The RSCM-soybean was then evaluated for its capability of simulating leaf area index (LAI), above-ground dry mass (AGDM), and yield, utilising the proximally sensed data integration into the modelling procedure. Field experiments were performed at two sites, one in 2017 and 2018 at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, and the other in 2017 at Jonnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services in Naju, Chonnam province, South Korea. The estimated parameters of radiation use efficiency, light extinction coefficient, and specific leaf area were 1.65 g MJ−1, 0.71, and 0.017 m2 g−1, respectively. Simulated LAI and AGDM values agreed with the measured values with significant model efficiencies in both calibration and validation, meaning that the proximal sensing data were effectively integrated into the crop model. The RSCM reproduced soybean yields in significant agreement with the measured yields in the model assessment. The study results demonstrate that the well-calibrated RSCM-soybean scheme can reproduce soybean growth and yield using simple input requirement and proximal sensing data. RSCM-soybean is easy to use and applicable to various soybean monitoring projects.
9
Peltonen-Sainio, Pirjo. "Growth duration and above-ground dry-matter partitioning in oats". Agricultural and Food Science 3, n.º 2 (1 de março de 1994): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72694.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Duration of vegetative, generative, and grain-filling phases contribute to dry-matter accumulation and partitioning. Fourteen oat (Avena saliva L.) cultivars and six breeding lines were evaluated at the Viikki Experimental Farm, University of Helsinki, in 1988-1990. The following observations were made: (1) a short vegetative period accumulated less dry-matter into vegetative plant organs and resulted in higher grain yield and harvest index (HI), (2) a long period for maximum floret initiation yielded more grains per panicle and high panicle weight and (3) a short grain-filling period yielded high rates of panicle and grain filling associated with high HI. Hence, oat breeding and crop management should aim at improving the synchronization of the growth phases as shown in this study.
10
Morgun, V. V., G. A. Priadkina, O. O. Stasik e O. V. Zborіvskaіa. "Biomass as a factor contributing to winter wheat yield increase". Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 24 (30 de agosto de 2019): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v24.1113.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Aim. The search of factors influencing grain productivity, based on the comparison of the mass of dry matter in the aboveground parts of modern winter wheat varieties at the early stages of ontogenesis. Methods. Morphometric determination of biomass of the above-ground plant parts. Results. The varieties and lines of winter wheat with higher yields exceeded the less productive ones by the number of shoots per 1 m2 of soil on 8–12 % and by the dry matter weight of the above-ground plant parts on 23–34 % at the early stages of spring vegetation. According to two-year experiments, it was established a linear positive correlation (r = 0.85–0.86) of the dry matter weight of the above-ground plant parts per 1 m2 of soil during the period of stem elongation (BBCH 31-49) with the yield. Conclusions. The close relationship between yield and dry matter weight of the above-ground plant parts at the early stages of spring vegetation makes it possible to rank winter wheat varieties by potential yield. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., grain productivity, biomass, early stages of ontogenesis.
11
Salehi, Aliyeh, Sina Fallah, Reinhard W. Neugschwandtner, Bano Mehdi e Hans-Peter Kaul. "Growth analysis and land equivalent ratio of fenugreek-buckwheat intercrops at different fertilizer types". Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment 69, n.º 2 (5 de outubro de 2018): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/boku-2018-0010.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Summary Intercropping can increase crop growth and yield due to improved resource use efficiency. A two-year field experiment was performed in Shahrekord (Iran) to determine the effect of crop stand composition and fertilizer type on the productions of aboveground dry matter and growth parameters of fenugreek-buckwheat intercrops. Sole crops of fenugreek (F) and buckwheat (B) were compared to the three substitutive intercropping ratios (F:B = 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2). Crop stands were fertilized with chemical fertilizer or broiler litter. Fenugreek could produce in intercrops a similar amount of above-ground dry matter compared to its corresponding share on the sowing ratio. Contrary to that, buckwheat could produce in intercrops more above-ground dry matter than its share on the sowing ratio, especially with a low to medium share of buckwheat. Consequently, the intercrops with F:B (2:1) and F:B (1:1) had an above-ground dry matter yield advantage compared to the pure crop stands of both crops. Broiler litter was more effective in increasing the growth rates and thus the above-ground dry matter production compared to the chemical fertilizer. Thus, growing fenugreek and buckwheat in intercrops fertilized with broiler litter can be beneficial for increasing the biomass production in semiarid environments.
12
STUTZEL, H., D. A. CHARLES-EDWARDS e D. F. BEECH. "A Model of the Partitioning of New Above-ground Dry Matter". Annals of Botany 61, n.º 4 (abril de 1988): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087579.
Texto completo da fonte
13
Kappel, Frank. "Partitioning of Above-ground Dry Matter in `Lambert' Sweet Cherry Trees With or Without Fruit". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116, n.º 2 (março de 1991): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.116.2.201.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The effect of fruit on shoot growth, leaf area, and on dry weight (DW) partitioning into leaves, fruit, trunk, and branch sections was investigated using 7-year-old `Lambert' sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) trees. Dormant trees were sampled in the spring, and fruiting and deblossomed trees were sampled and compared at fruit harvest and just before leaf fall. Fruiting reduced shoot growth, leaf area, and above-ground DW accumulation of the trees. The annual above-ground DW accumulated was 13.4 kg for fruiting trees and 16.0 kg for nonfruiting trees. The greatest proportion of above-ground DW was partitioned to wood, whereas the least was partitioned to fruit. Current-season's growth (wood and leaves) appears to be a greater sink for photosynthates than is fruit because a greater proportion of above-ground DW was partitioned to current-season's growth than to fruit.
14
Petráš, Rudolf, Julian Mecko, Ján Kukla e Margita Kuklová. "Calorific Value of Basic Fractions of Above-Ground Biomass for Scots Pine". Acta Regionalia et Environmentalica 16, n.º 2 (1 de novembro de 2019): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aree-2019-0007.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
AbstractIn this work, the calorific value content in the dry matter of the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees was evaluated. This dry matter was obtained only from the above-ground fractions of its biomass. Our experimental material was taken from five Scots pine trees situated in Slovakia. Wood and bark samples were obtained from the discs which were cut off from three locations, namely from the stem, branches of tree crowns and needles. Then, calorific value capacity (J g−1) in the dry matter of each sample was determined. The impact of statistically significant factors on the calorific value capacity was determined by means of analysis of variance. The average values are, according to the fractions, approximately in the range of 20,000–22,200 J g−1. The smallest capacity of the calorific value, approximately 20,000 J g−1, has the dry matter from bark obtained from the middle and crown parts of the stem. Then, the dry matter from stem wood and branches follows with a value of approximately 20,700 J g−1. Then follows dry matter of the coarse bark occurring on the stem butt and twigs that are covered with needles with a value of about 21,900 J g−1; and finally pine needles with the highest values of about 22,200 J g−1. The calorific value variability is relatively low with coefficients of variations of 0.9–2.8%.
15
Medvedev, Vladimir, Evgeniy Hakimov, Il'dus Fatyhov e El'mira Vafina. "BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF DRY SUBSTANCE OF ABOVE-GROUND BIOMASS AND RAPE SEEDS". Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 15, n.º 2 (8 de setembro de 2020): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2073-0462-2020-29-34.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The aim of the study was to analyze the biochemical composition of dry matter of aboveground biomass and seeds of Akkord spring rape to determine their value when used for feed. Rape was grown in 2016–2019 on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil of middle Urals with a humus content of 1.96 ... 2.25%, mobile phosphorus and potassium 166 ... 268 and 175 ... 273 mg/kg, respectively, рНKCl - 5.4 ... 5.7. The meteorological conditions of the growing season in 2016 were characterized as moderately arid and insufficiently wet (GTC - 0.51 ... 0.73), 2017 - moderately warm and humid (GTK - 1.94 ... 2.36), 2018 - optimal moist (GTK - 1.10 ... 1.70). We analyzed samples of dry matter of the aboveground biomass harvested during the budding period – beginning of flowering, as well as seeds in the phase of full ripeness. The concentration of most of the 70 evaluated chemical elements in seeds, with the exception of magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, manganese, nickel, copper, zinc, bromine, was lower than in the aboveground biomass. Of the regulated elements (Hg, Cd, Pb, As, Cu, Xn, Fe, Sb, Se, Ni, Cr, Mo, Co) in the dry matter of green mass and seeds used for animal feed, the minimum permissible concentration did not exceed the established norms for all elements. The content of crude protein (22.8%), feed units (1.36 per 1 kg), metabolizable energy (13.0 MJ/kg) in rape seeds exceeded the values of these indicators in the dry matter of aboveground biomass –11.2%; 0.75 feed units and 9.6 MJ, respectively. The amino acid content also tended to increase in the seeds compared to the dry matter content of green mass: the total content of 13 amino acids was 14.14% and 6.40%. The removal of nitrogen from 1 ton of dry matter of aboveground biomass and rapeseed was, respectively, 30.9 and 58.2 kg, phosphorus - 6.5 and 25.5 kg, potassium - 22.0 and 40.5 kg
16
Fiala, J. "The development of above-ground biomass in unmanaged grasslands and its influence on the leakage of water and the amount of elements found". Plant, Soil and Environment 53, No. 1 (7 de janeiro de 2008): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3192-pse.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The influence of various forms of farming on unmanaged grasslands was monitored with regard to the accumulation of the above-ground biomass (litter + mulching) and its influence on the leakage of rainfall and the amount of elements in lysimetric waters. In 2001–2005, the highest accumulation was observed in variants 1× mulched in the later term and on green fallow (on average 2.11–1.13 t of dry matter/ha). In comparison with the control site, a conclusive increase always occurred. An interannual increase of dry matter amounted to 0.4–5.2% of the total above-ground biomass. A negative correlative dependency on rainfall leakage on this material was discovered; at a depth of 0.4 m 4–10% of the rainfall leaked, but it had a significant influence on the wash out of Ca, Mg and S. The leakage of water affected a wash out of N<sub>min</sub>, P, K, Ca, Mg and S more than the weight of dry matter of the above-ground biomass. With the exception of P, the elements showed a downward tendency over five years. The above-mentioned forms of farming annually increased the accumulation of the above-ground biomass by 0.05–0.16 t of dry matter/ha; however, they do not endanger underground waters by washing out minerals. After a five-year period, a disturbance of the ecological stability of grassland did not occur.
17
Wright, GC, KT Hubick e GD Farquhar. "Discrimination in Carbon Isotopes of Leaves Correlates With Water-Use Efficiency of Field-Grown Peanut Cultivars". Functional Plant Biology 15, n.º 6 (1988): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9880815.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Variation in water-use efficiency (W, g of total dry matter produced/kg water used), and its correlation with cultivar isotope discrimination in leaves (Δ) was assessed in peanut plants grown in small canopies in the field. Plants were grown in separate minilysimeters that were both embedded in the ground and positioned above the crop. Differences among cultivars were found in W and � and the relationship between W and Δ was compared for plants grown in open and closed canopies. Genetic variability in W in plants grown in the field under non-limiting water conditions was demonstrated, with Tifton-8, of Virginia habit, having the highest W (3.71 g/kg) and Rangkasbitung, an Indonesian cultivar of Spanish habit, the lowest (2.46 g/ kg). Variability in W was due to variation in total dry matter production more than that of water use. A strong negative correlation was found between Δ and W, and also between Δ and total dry matter. The relationship between whole plant W, including roots, and Δ was stronger than that between shoot W, without roots and Δ. The improvement occurred because of variation among cultivars in the root to shoot ratio. This highlights the importance of taking account of root dry matter in studies concerning W. There were significant differences in W and Δ between plants in pots above-ground compared to pots in the ground, with above-ground plants having significantly lower values of both W and Δ. The ranking of W and Δ among cultivars was not affected by the contrast in environment, which suggests these parameters are under strong genetic control. Total above-ground dry matter yield at maturity was negatively correlated with Δ, while pod yield was not. It appears a negative association between harvest index and Δ may exist; however not all cultivars used in this and other studies follow this response. Both water-use efficiency, Wand total dry matter production are negatively correlated with Δ in leaves of peanut plants grown in small canopies in the field. Measurement of Δ may prove a useful trait for selecting cultivars with improved W and total dry matter yield under field conditions.
18
Creech, D. L., C. Martindale e R. Rankin. "INLUENCE OF MULCH AND IN-GROUND AMENDMENTS ON ROOT WEIGHT AND DISTRIBUTION OF RABBITEYE BLUEBERRIES." HortScience 25, n.º 8 (agosto de 1990): 852c—852. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.8.852c.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Brightwell and Climax plants were established in March, 1987, under the following above-ground treatments: 1) polyfabric weed barrier, 2) a 6 cm deep, 1-meter wide strip of continuous bark, and 3) zero. Below-ground treatments included, 1) 19 liters peatmoss, 2) 19 liters pine bark, 3) a continuous bark strip, tilled in, and 4) zero. A randomized complete block design was utilized with above-ground treatments as main plots and in-ground. treatments as split plots. After three years, plants under polyfabric had higher above-ground dry weights, growth indexes, plant height, root dry weights and root lengths than plants under continuous bark or zero. In the deep, coarse, easily-leached sand, all roots were very shallow (0-20cms) and concentrated along the drip line and in organic matter fractions. There were no significant differences between in-ground treatments.
19
McLaurin, Wayne J., e Stanley J. Kays. "Dry Matter Allocation and Loss in Jerusalem Artichoke (Helanthus tuberosus, L.) during Growth and Field Storage". HortScience 32, n.º 3 (junho de 1997): 503A—503. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.503a.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Jerusalem artichokes are one of a small number of crops that store carbon predominately in the form of inulin, a straight chain fructosan. There has been a tremendous increase in interest in inulin due to its dietary health benefits for humans and calorie replacement potential in processed foods. We measured the allocation of dry matter within the crop (cv. Sunckoke) during an entire growth cycle by harvesting plants over a 40-week period (2-week intervals) from initial planting through field storage. Plant characters assessed were: no. of basal stems, leaves, branches, flowers, and tubers; the dry weight of leaves, branches, flowers, tubers, and fibrous roots; and date of flowering. Total dry weight of above-ground plant parts increased until 18 weeks after planting (22 Aug.) and then progressively decreased thereafter. Tuber dry weight began to increase rapidly ≈4 weeks (19 Sept.) after the peak in above-ground dry weight, suggesting that dry matter within the aerial portion of the plant was being recycled into the storage organs. Tuber dry weight continued to increase during the latter part of the growing season, even after the first frost. Final tuber yield was 13.6 MT of dry matter/ha.
20
Begna, Sultan H., e Dennis J. Fielding. "Growth and yield of barley in relation to grasshopper feeding damage". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2008): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p06-055.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Grasshoppers are common pests of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in subarctic Alaska and cause substantial crop loss during outbreaks, but there is little information about the growth response of barley to grasshopper feeding damage. In two growth chamber experiments, we studied the effect of four densities (0, 1, 2, and 3 pot-1, equivalent to 0, 25, 50 and 75 grasshoppers m-2) of grasshoppers (Melanoplus sanguinipes F.) on the above-and below-ground growth of barley (eight plants per pot). Plants were exposed to grasshoppers beginning in the 3rd to 4th leaf stage (exp. 1) and in 1st to 2nd leaf stage (exp. 2). Plants were harvested and growth variables were measured shortly after anthesis and at maturity. Generally, the reduction in above-ground dry matter, at the highest density was 29 and 47% for exp. 1 and exp. 2, respectively. Effects of grasshoppers on below-ground growth (dry matter and surface area of roots) was less consistent than on above-ground variables; however, at the highest grasshopper density in exp. 2, dry matter and surface area of roots were reduced by about 40–53%.Grain yield (pooled over experiments) decreased by 19 and 36% for grasshopper densities of 2 and 3 pot-1, respectively. Most of the yield loss was accounted for by reduced seed weights, while protein content per seed remained nearly constant. The proportion of total above-ground dry matter represented in harvested grain and root:shoot ratios were not affected by grasshopper feeding. These results provide greater understanding of plant responses to insect feeding damage and will lead to more accurate estimates of economic injury levels. Key words: Cropyield loss, economic injury level, harvest index, Insecta
21
Kizeková, Miriam, Radoslava Kanianska, Ľubica Jančová, Jozef Čunderlík, Zuzana Dugátová e Jarmila Makovníková. "Above and Below Ground Biomass and Carbon Stock in Permanent Grasslands of Slovakia". Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 65, n.º 4 (1 de dezembro de 2019): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2019-0016.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract This paper aimed to monitory the dry matter biomass production and carbon stocks of above-and below-ground biomass in five types of grasslands in Slovakia: i) lowland oversowed pasture ii) lowland hay meadows, iii) mesophilous pasture, iv) mountain hay meadows, v) abandoned grassland. Averaged over two cropping seasons the total above-and below-ground biomass differed significantly across the monitored grasslands. It ranged respectively from 2.18 to 7.86 t/ha and from 9.64 to 22.67 t/ha dry matter depending on the pedoclimatic condition and the botanical composition of each grassland type. Consequently, this resulted also in the carbon stocks in above-and below-ground biomass. Generally, the mean carbon stocks were 1.56 t/ha for above-ground biomass (24%) and 4.83 t/ha for below-ground biomass (76%). The botanical composition for all the grassland types was also described. The highest number of plant species (55) was observed in lowland hay meadow located in Slovak Karst, the lowest one (23) for the oversowed grassland located in Eastern Slovak Upland. This monitoring paper showed that semi-natural grassland habitats and improved grasslands as well are an important carbon sink, and they can play a key role in global climate change mitigation.
22
Cai, Fu, Yushu Zhang, Na Mi, Huiqing Ming, Shujie Zhang, Hui Zhang, Xianli Zhao e Bingbing Zhang. "The Effect of Drought and Sowing Date on Dry Matter Accumulation and Partitioning in the Above-Ground Organs of Maize". Atmosphere 13, n.º 5 (23 de abril de 2022): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050677.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Observational data on dry matter accumulation (DMA) and dry matter partitioning (DMP) from the experiment of maize sown on four different dates in a normal year (2012) and three drought years (2014, 2015, 2018) were analyzed to assess the impact of drought and the sowing date on DMA and DMP in different above-ground organs. The phenology of maize was more closely related to the sowing date than to drought. In the normal year, the amount of dry matter in different organs differed slightly among sowing dates, except for those at maturity, and increased linearly after jointing: the dry matter of leaves and stalks increased rapidly before tasselling and the milk stage, respectively, and both increased slowly thereafter, whereas the dry matter of the ears increased linearly. In the drought years, DMA was more sensitive to precipitation relative to the normal year and was affected by the sowing date and drought. Specifically, drought lowered the dry matter of the above-ground organs to varying degrees and accentuated that variation in crops sown on different dates. From the view of DMP, a mild drought lowers the stalk DMP rate but increases the rate in ears. The more severe the drought, the smaller the DMP rate in ears and the stronger the inhibition of the transfer of dry matter from stalk to ears, as well as the more significant difference in the DMP pattern among the sowing dates. High temperatures and drought had a significant synergistic effect on DMAs in all the organs relative to that of drought alone, reversely having an inappreciable impact on the DMP pattern. During the three growth periods, namely jointing to tasselling, tasselling to the milk stage, and the milk stage to maturity, DMA during any two adjacent periods had a clear complementary effect, especially before and after tasselling. Dry matters of the above-ground parts in aggregate, of the stalk and of the ears, at the milk and maturity stages were negatively correlated to the degree of drought, and the maximum correlation was for the ears.
23
Caruso, T., P. Inglese, M. Sidari e F. Sottile. "Rootstock Influences Seasonal Dry Matter and Carbohydrate Content and Partitioning in Above-ground Components of `Flordaprince' Peach Trees". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 122, n.º 5 (setembro de 1997): 673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.122.5.673.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Seasonal development of leaf area, leaf area index (LAI), dry matter, and carbohydrate content were measured from harvest 1992 to harvest 1993 in above-ground components of `Flordaprince' peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] trees grafted on GF 677 (Prunus persica × Prunus amygdalus) and MrS 2/5 (Prunus cerasifera free pollinated) rootstocks, which widely differ in vigor. Whole trees were separated into fruit, leaves, shoots, 1-year-old wood and >1-year-old wood. Sampling dates were coincident with key fruit and tree developmental stages: dormancy, fruit set, pit hardening, and fruit harvest. Rootstock modified the vegetative vigor of the tree, the seasonal partitioning of dry matter, and starch content in above-ground components. Leaf area, LAI, and total above-ground dry matter were twice as high in the most vigorous combination (`Flordaprince'/GF 677), which gave the highest yield, but had the lowest harvest index. Rootstock vigor did not affect soluble sugar concentration in any of the canopy components. Starch content was greatest during dormancy and in the oldest wood of GF 677 trees. During fruit development, starch content rapidly decreased in 1-year-old wood and perennial components; at pit hardening it was four times greater in MrS 2/5 than in GF 677 trees. The vegetative-to-fruit dry mass ratio by pit hardening was 3:1 for MrS 2/5 and 9:1 for GF 677 trees. Competition with shoot growth apparently reduced fruit growth, particularly during Stage I and Stage II, as fruit size at harvest was significantly lower (17%) in GF 677 than in MrS 2/5 trees.
24
Wang, Y. P., P. G. Jarvis e C. M. A. Taylor. "Par Absorption and Its Relation to Above-Ground Dry Matter Production of Sitka Spruce". Journal of Applied Ecology 28, n.º 2 (agosto de 1991): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2404567.
Texto completo da fonte
25
Caruso, T., P. Inglese, F. Sottile e F. P. Marra. "Effect of Planting System on Productivity, Dry-matter Partitioning and Carbohydrate Content in Above-ground Components of `Flordaprince' Peach Trees". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 124, n.º 1 (janeiro de 1999): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.124.1.39.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Vegetative growth, fruit yields, and dry matter partitioning within above-ground components were assessed during three growing seasons for trees of an early ripening peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch `Flordaprince' on GF 677 rootstock) trained either to a free standing central leader (930 trees/ha) or to Y shape (1850 trees/ha). Individual trees trained to central leader gave higher fruit yield, had a significantly greater leaf area and accumulated more dry mass in above-ground components per tree than Y shape trees. The training systems did not differ in terms of yield efficiency (yield per trunk cross-sectional area) and leaf area index (LAI), but Y shape trees had a higher harvest index and fruit dry mass per ground area than central leader. Four years after planting, Y shape had 35% higher yield per hectare than central leader. The relative contribution of 1-year-old wood, shoot and leaf to the dry mass of the tree decreased with tree age. Four years after planting the dry matter partitioned to the >1-year-old wood components represented 60% of the total tree mass (excluding fruit) in both the training systems. Central leader trees had the highest relative vegetative growth rate during stage III of fruit development. Most starch depletion occurred from dormancy to pit hardening from the canopy main storage pools (>1-year-old wood), and was higher for central leader than Y shape trees. For the ease of management and the high crop efficiency, the Y shape can be successfully used for peach high density planting systems.
26
Tolley, Seth, e Mohsen Mohammadi. "Variation in Root and Shoot Growth in Response to Reduced Nitrogen". Plants 9, n.º 2 (23 de janeiro de 2020): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9020144.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Recently, root traits have been suggested to play an important role in developing greater nitrogen uptake and grain yield. However, relatively few breeding programs utilize these root traits. Over a series of experiments at different growth stages with destructive plant biomass measurements, we analyzed above-ground and below-ground traits in seven geographically diverse lines of wheat. Root and shoot biomass allocation in 14-day-old seedlings were analyzed using paper roll-supported hydroponic culture in two Hoagland solutions containing 0.5 (low) and 4 (high) mM of nitrogen (N). For biomass analysis of plants at maturity, plants were grown in 7.5 L pots filled with soil mix under two nitrogen treatments. Traits were measured as plants reached maturity. High correlations were observed among duration of vegetative growth, tiller number, shoot dry matter, and root dry matter. Functionality of large roots in nitrogen uptake was dependent on the availability of N. Under high N, lines with larger roots had a greater yield response to the increase in N input. Under low N, yields were independent of root size and dry matter, meaning that there was not a negative tradeoff to the allocation of more resources to roots, though small rooted lines were more competitive with regards to grain yield and grain N concentration in the low-N treatment. In the high-N treatment, the large-rooted lines were correlated to an increase in grain N concentration (r = 0.54) and grain yield (r = 0.43). In low N, the correlation between root dry matter to yield (r = 0.20) and grain N concentration (r = −0.38) decreased. A 15-fold change was observed between lines for root dry matter; however, only a ~5-fold change was observed in shoot dry matter. Additionally, root dry matter measured at the seedling stage did not correlate to the corresponding trait at maturity. As such, in a third assay, below-ground and above-ground traits were measured at key growth stages including the four-leaf stage, stem elongation, heading, post-anthesis, and maturity. We found that root growth appears to be stagnant from stem elongation to maturity.
27
Buerkert, A., e R. D. Stern. "Effects of Crop Residue and Phosphorus Application on the Spatial Variability of Non-destructively Measured Millet Growth in the Sahel". Experimental Agriculture 31, n.º 4 (outubro de 1995): 429–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700026429.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
SUMMARYSpatial variability in soil parameters and plant growth in the Sahel are still poorly understood and may hamper the interpretation of experimental results. This paper examines whether or not soil amendments such as phosphorus and crop residues affect the variability of final dry matter production in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum). Within- and between-plot variation in millet growth was studied in a three-year experiment with three levels of crop residues and four levels of phosphorus. The effects of different rates of application on within-plot variation in number of tillers, number of heads, maximum tiller height, and total above-ground dry matter of single mature millet plant stands (pockets) were calculated. Above-ground dry matter, estimated non-destructively using an equation derived from numbers of tillers and heads and from maximum plant height, gave good predictions of total dry matter for a range of genotypes across the 12 treatments. Crop residue and phosphorus application reduced the number of missing pockets, leading to a more uniform stand with fewer pockets which did not produce grain. With amendments, pockets were also taller and of more uniform height but a decrease in variability of total dry matter production only became evident after standardization of the data. The results show the need for a clear definition of ‘growth variability’ in millet and indicate that both chemical and non-chemical factors govern its expression in the Sahel.Efectos de los residuos de las cosechas y del fósforo en la variabilidad del mijo
28
Alt, C., H. Kage e H. Stützel. "Nitrogen Status and Light Environment Influence Dry Matter Partitioning in Cauliflower". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 126, n.º 6 (novembro de 2001): 750–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.126.6.750.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Concepts of above-ground dry matter partitioning in cauliflower [Brassica oleracea L. (Botrytis Group)] as dependent on nitrogen (N) supply and light environment are presented. Leaf and stem partitioning depends on a functional relationship between stem dry weight and leaf area, independent of N status. Dry matter partitioning into the inflorescence is sink-limited (potential capacity) at the beginning, and source limited (daily available assimilates) later. The intrinsic specific growth rate of the inflorescence is dependent on leaf N content. The model is parameterized and evaluated with data from field experiments. Applied to an independent data set, the model predictions of proportions of inflorescence, leaf, and stem on total dry matter corresponded with measurements (r = 0.84, 0.92 and 0.22, respectively) for different N fertilization rates and light treatments.
29
Tang, Wei, Michael J. Christensen e Zhibiao Nan. "Contributions of soil temperature and moisture drivers to variations in perennial vetch (Vicia unijuga) productivity potential in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau region of China". Journal of Agricultural Science 157, n.º 2 (março de 2019): 150–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859619000443.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
AbstractIn alpine regions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China, perennial vetch (Vicia unijuga A. Br.) productivity is often low and variable, constrained by the cold and erratic precipitation environment. The aim of the current study was to identify the soil-environmental modifications needed in harsh alpine environmental conditions for improvement of perennial vetch growth, forage biomass production and seed yield. A 3-year field experiment was conducted in an alpine region of China to evaluate the effects of modified soil temperature and moisture conditions generated by three mulching treatments – plastic film mulching (FM), removal of plastic film mulching at the 30% flowering stage and barley straw mulching – on perennial vetch productivity. Higher mean soil temperature and soil water content were recorded in the FM treatment than in the control and other treatments. This enhanced perennial vetch growth, as indicated by higher photosynthetic rate, higher leaf area index and greater above-ground dry matter, and thus higher seed yield and water productivity. Examination by multiple linear regression showed the relative contribution of mean soil temperature to the variations in photosynthetic rate, above-ground dry matter and seed yield were greater than soil water content, whereas the reverse occurred in seeds/pod. In conclusion, the FM treatment provided adequate soil temperature and water resources to improve photosynthetic rate, above-ground dry matter, seed yield and water productivity, and thus increased the productivity potential for perennial vetch in the alpine region. The current research provides scientific support for large-scale perennial vetch cultivation and management in alpine regions.
30
Byrne, G. F. "Above-ground dry matter accumulation by Eucalyptus grandis and its relation to standard meteorological data". Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 46, n.º 1-2 (abril de 1989): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1923(89)90112-3.
Texto completo da fonte
31
Bayen, Philippe, Anne Mette Lykke, François Wenemi Kagambèga, Fidèle Bognounou e Adjima Thiombiano. "Effect of water stress on growth and dry matter distribution of four dryland species used in tree planting in the Sahel". Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research 94, n.º 4 (11 de fevereiro de 2021): 538–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpab003.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract Water stress is the most important factor limiting early survival and growth of seedlings in arid and semi-arid zones. Many woody species develop adaptive mechanisms in response to water stress. This study assesses survival rate, growth and dry matter distribution in response to water stress in four dryland species (Senegalia dudgeonii, Senegalia gourmaensis, Vachellia nilotica and Vachellia tortilis). A total of 240 seedlings (60 per species) were grown using a completely randomized block design with three replicates in each of three water treatments (control = 100 percent of field capacity; moderate water stress = 50 percent of field capacity; severe water stress = 25 percent of field capacity) with a 7 day watering frequency. Data were collected on seedling survival, height, collar diameter, leaf production and dry matter distribution. Survival rate of the four species was not affected by water stress. However, the morphological responses to water stress were significantly different between species. Water stress resulted in significant reductions in height and collar diameter, higher below-ground biomass and significant increase in shedding of leaves. Under water stress, S. dudgeonii, S. gourmaensis and V. tortilis invested more in root growth. The allocation pattern from above-ground to below-ground parts was found to be the main adaption to drought. In contrast, V. nilotica gave preference to above-ground development, which could be an indication that the seedlings are adapted to grow under severe water stress. The results confirm the interspecific genetic differences in growth and dry matter distribution among species. These variations in water stress response may be used as criteria for species selection for degraded land reforestation.
32
Sterrett, S. B., e C. P. Savage. "GROWTH OF RUSSETTED AND ROUND-WHITE POTATO OVER TIME AND MOISTURE REGIMES". HortScience 28, n.º 5 (maio de 1993): 530c—530. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.530c.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Marketing opportunities exist for russetted potatoes harvested during July and August, but commercial production has not been economically feasible because of inadequate tuber enlargement. Distribution of dry matter between source and sink was compared over time for russetted and round-white cultivars under two moisture regimes in field trials for two years. Dry matter accumulation in above-ground (stems and leaves) and below-ground (roots and tubers) portions of round-white cultivars occurred significantly earlier than in russetted cultivars. Shoot-root ratios of round-white cultivars exceeded those of russets, indicating reduced yield potential for russetted cultivars in this growing area. Results also suggest that inadequate size distribution to meet marketing demands cannot be overcome by adjusting moisture regimes with the currently available russetted clones.
33
GÓMEZ, O. J., e B. E. FRANKOW-LINDBERG. "Yield formation in Nicaraguan landraces of common bean compared to bred cultivars". Journal of Agricultural Science 143, n.º 5 (30 de setembro de 2005): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859605005502.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Dry matter accumulation and its partitioning to different plant components were studied in six common bean populations (two bred cultivars and four landraces) with different yield potentials. The hypothesis that yield was correlated with leaf area or mass and also with leaf area duration was tested. Leaf area and total above-ground dry matter were sampled weekly between 13 and 62 days after planting (DAP). Yield, yield components and seed yield rate were measured at the final harvest. No differences in total above-ground dry matter were observed among populations up to 62 DAP. Bred cultivars had significantly larger leaf areas than the landraces at the last harvest. Landraces initially partitioned more dry matter to reproductive organs but this was not reflected in higher yields. Temporary differences in growth rate and rate of pod formation were observed among the populations. Landraces, with one exception, tended to grow faster at early stages, and they also reached their maximum number of pods per plant earlier than the bred cultivars. Bred cultivars yielded more than all but one of the landraces. In general, yield was positively correlated with the total number of pods per plant, which in turn was well correlated with leaf area and mass. It was concluded that an increase in leaf area duration and a balanced development of reproductive organs v. other plant components are important traits in conferring improvement in yield of common bean.
34
ISHIKAWA, S., M. C. HARE e P. S. KETTLEWELL. "Effects of strobilurin fungicide programmes and fertilizer nitrogen rates on winter wheat: leaf area, dry matter yield and nitrogen yield". Journal of Agricultural Science 150, n.º 4 (6 de setembro de 2011): 427–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859611000724.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
SUMMARYFour field experiments were conducted on wheat, using the bread-making cultivar Hereward, over 3 years to study the interactions between nitrogen (N) and strobilurin fungicides with respect to yield and grain N. In one of the field experiments, above-ground dry matter (DM) yield was greater when the plots were treated with a mixture of triazole and strobilurin than when either no fungicide or triazole alone was applied. On plots that received no N fertilizer, above-ground DM and grain yield were lower for the plots treated with fungicides than for plots not treated with fungicide, which implied that the benefit of applying fungicides could only be exploited with N fertilization. There was no difference in above-ground N accumulation between fungicide programmes; however, greater N accumulation in grains was observed following the application of a mixture of triazole and the strobilurin trifloxystrobin compared with plots treated with either no fungicide or triazole alone. This increase in grain N appeared to be attributable more to improved translocation of N to grains rather than to increased N uptake from the soil. The two strobilurin fungicide ingredients kresoxim-methyl and trifloxystrobin, each mixed with a triazole and tested in the present study, performed differently. Better performance, especially with respect to grain N yield, was observed most frequently with trifloxystrobin compared to kresoxim-methyl.
35
Bogucka, Bożena, Agnieszka Pszczółkowska, Adam Okorski e Krzysztof Jankowski. "The Effects of Potassium Fertilization and Irrigation on the Yield and Health Status of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)". Agronomy 11, n.º 2 (27 de janeiro de 2021): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020234.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of potassium fertilization (applied to soil at 150, 250, and 350 kg K2O ha−1) and irrigation on the yield (fresh matter yield and dry matter yield of above-ground biomass and tubers) and the health status of tubers and leaves of three Jerusalem artichoke—JA (Helianthus tuberosus L.) cultivars (Topstar, Violette de Rennes, Waldspindel). The Topstar cultivar was characterized by the highest total tuber yield (60.53 Mg FM ha−1) and the highest above-ground biomass yield (65.74 Mg FM ha−1). An increase in the rate of potassium fertilizer to 350 kg K2O ha−1 did not affect total tuber yields. The greatest increase in above-ground biomass yields was observed in response to the potassium fertilizer rate of 150 kg K2O ha −1 (64.40 Mg FM ha−1). Irrigation increased tuber yields by 59% and above-ground biomass yields by 42% on average. Phytopathological analyses revealed that JA leaves were most frequently colonized by fungi of the genera Alternaria, Fusarium, and Epicoccum. Alternaria and Fusarium fungi were more prevalent in non-irrigated than in irrigated plots. A higher number of fungal pathogens was isolated from the leaves of cv. Violette de Rennes grown in a non-irrigated plot fertilized with 250 kg K2O ha−1. Tubers were most heavily colonized by fungi of the genera Penicillium, Fusarium, Alternaria, Botrytis, and Rhizopus. Fungal species of the genus Fusarium were isolated from tubers in all irrigated treatments, and they were less frequently identified in non-irrigated plots. Only the tubers of cv. Topstar grown in non-irrigated plots and supplied with 150 kg K2O ha−1 were free of Fusarium fungi. The number of cultures of pathogenic species isolated from Jerusalem artichoke tubers had a minor negative impact on fresh and dry matter yield.
36
Vinicius Winckler Caldeira, Marcos, Peter Spathelf, Leonir Rodrigues Barichello, Hamilton Luiz Munari Vogel e Mauro Valdir Schumacher. "EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF VERMICOMPOST ON THE GROWTH OF APULEIA LEIOCARPA (VOG) MACBR. SEEDLINGS". Revista Acadêmica: Ciência Animal 3, n.º 2 (15 de abril de 2005): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7213/cienciaanimal.v3i2.9075.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The objective of this study was to determine the best vermicompost dose for seedling production of Apuleia leiocarpa. The experiment consisted of five treatments, which were conducted in a greenhouse. The following doses of vermicompost were tested: control (without vermicompost); 10% vermicompost; 20% vermicompost; 30% vermicompost and 40% vermicompost of the total container volume (185 cm3). The experimental design was entirely randomised. The substratum used was bark of Pinus sp., which was triturated and composted. A hundred days after seedling germination, the following variables were analysed: height and diameter growth, above ground dry matter, root dry matter and total dry matter. The 30% vermicompost doses showed to be optimum in growth response and biomass production of Apuleia leiocarpa seedlings.
37
Caruso, T., P. Inglese, D. Giovannini e E. Turci. "ROOTSTOCK INFLUENCE ON DRY MATTER AND NUTRIENT ABOVE-GROUND CONTENT AND PARTITIONING IN MARAVILHA PEACH TREES." Acta Horticulturae, n.º 383 (abril de 1995): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1995.383.12.
Texto completo da fonte
38
Scanlan, JC, AJ Pressland e DJ Myles. "Grazing Modifies Woody and Herbaceous Components of North Queensland Woodlands." Rangeland Journal 18, n.º 1 (1996): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9960047.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Grazed and exclosed areas within north Queensland woodlands were studied over a six-year period which included a drought followed by an above average rainfall period. Despite drought conditions, woody plant density increased, with exclosed areas showing a greater increase than grazed areas. During the drought period, a pattern of herbaceous vegetation strips interspersed with bare areas developed. Standing dry matter and ground cover increased rapidly in response to above average rainfall following the drought. Also, the pattern of strips became less apparent during the more favourable growth conditions. The percentage contribution of native tussock grasses (principally Heteropogon contortus) to total pasture dry matter varied to a greater extent over the six-year period than the naturalised stoloniferous Bothriochloa pertusa.
39
Beech, DF, e GJ Leach. "Effect of plant density and row spacing on the yield of chickpea (cv. Tyson) grown on the Darling Downs, south-eastern Queensland". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, n.º 2 (1989): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890241.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Growth and yield of chickpea, Cicer arietinum cv. Tyson, were studied at 4 row spacings (180, 360, 530 and 710 mm) and 4 plant population densities (14, 28, 42 and 56 plants m-2) in factorial combination in a wet and a dry growing season on a vertisol at Dalby, south-eastern Queensland. In both years, row spacing had only a small effect on above-ground dry matter production and yield, and there were no significant interactions between row spacing and plant population density. Above-ground dry matter production increased significantly with increase in plant population density for about 120 days after sowing. Seed yield increased significantly from 104 to 126 g m-2 in the drier season (106 mm rain, May-October) with increase in plant population density from 14 to 56 plants m-2. In the wetter season (286 mm rain, May- October), the corresponding trend in yield was from 262 to 287 g m-2. The response was attributed chiefly to larger seed size in the wet year, and higher harvest index in the dry year. We conclude that a density of at least 40 plants m-2 is required to attain maximum seed yield in southeastern Queensland. Although row spacing had no significant effect on yield, our earlier research indicated potential benefits from narrow row spacing, particularly for mechanised crop production.
40
Marler, Thomas E., e Patrick D. Lawton. "Accumulation and Partitioning of Dry Matter in Fruiting and Nonfruiting Pineapple Plants". HortScience 30, n.º 4 (julho de 1995): 770D—770. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.770d.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
`Smooth Cayenne' pineapple plants were propagated from suckers of uniform size. The plants were grown in containers, and a large percentage of them naturally flowered in synchrony at 13 months. This provided an opportunity to study the accumulation and partitioning of dry matter in fruiting and nonfruiting plants of uniform age. Six plants with or without fruit were harvested when the syncarps developed color. Plants and fruit were separated into crown, syncarp, slips, peduncle, leaves, stems, and roots. Plants without fruit were separated into leaves, stem, and roots. There were no suckers, and the stem was divided at the ground level. Leaves were counted and all tissue was dried to a constant weight. Total dry matter accumulation and the ratio of below- to above-ground dry matter was not different between the two groups of plants. The plants were similar in size and leaf number at the time of flowering, but the number of leaves was fixed at that time in the plants with fruit. As a result, plants that did not flower had about twice as many leaves as the plants with fruit at the termination of the study. Thus, the vegetative growth of continued at a rate similar to that of the reproductive structures of the plants that did flower.
41
Ranwala, N. K. Damayanthi, e Dennis R. Decoteau. "End-of-Day Light Quality Effects on Growth and Development of Watermelon Plants". HortScience 32, n.º 4 (julho de 1997): 601E—601. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.4.601e.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
End-of-day (EOD) red (R) or far-red (FR) light treatments were used to study phytochrome-regulated growth and dry matter distribution in 2-week-old watermelon plants. Plants were exposed to low-intensity R or FR light for 15 min at the end of photoperiod for 9 consecutive days. End-of-day FR increased the petiole elongation in the first two leaves, which was accompanied by higher dry matter partitioning to the petioles after 3 days of treatments. However, total plant dry mass (above ground) in FR-treated plants increased significantly after 6 days of treatments. This indicates EOD FR regulated dry matter compensation among plant parts at the early stages of EOD light treatments, allowing plants to better adapt to the environment. Net CO2 assimilation rate in the second leaf of FR-treated plants also increased. Phytochrome involvement in these processes is suggested, since growth and dry matter distribution patterns were reversible when plants were treated with FR immediately followed by R.
42
Valmorbida, Janice, e Carmen Sílvia Fernandes Boaro. "Growth and development of Mentha piperita L. in nutrient solution as affected by rates of potassium". Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 50, n.º 3 (maio de 2007): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132007000300003.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The influence of potassium on the development of Mentha piperita L. was evaluated in the plants grown in nutritive solution modified by variations in potassium, at 6.0, 3.0, and 1.5 mmol L-1, establishing differences between treatments and corresponding, respectively, to the concentration proposed in Hoagland and Arnon's no. 2 solution and reductions by 50% and 75%. Until 21 days after transplanting, the concentration used was diluted to 50% in the three treatments. Evaluations consisted of leaf area, development of the above-ground part, and dry matter of different plant organs. Plants grown with 1.5/3.0 mmol L-1 K showed greater development of the above-ground part. Other variables were not different among plants in the different treatments.
43
Souza, Leiliane Cristine de, Maximiliane Alavarse Zambom, Claudete Regina Alcalde, Tatiane Fernandes, Deise Dalazen Castagnara, Ana Claudia Radis, Sérgio Mangano de Almeida Santos, Ana Paula Possamai e Michele Pasqualoto. "Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, milk production and composition in dairy cows fed silage of wet brewers grain". Semina: Ciências Agrárias 37, n.º 2 (26 de abril de 2016): 1069. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n2p1069.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the supply of wet brewers grain silage with and without nutrient additives in ensiling (wheat bran, soybeans hulls and ground corn), and the effect of additives on the intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients as well as the efficiency, production and milk composition of Holstein cows. Four multiparous Holstein cows were used, with an average milk production of 25 liters per day. The cows were randomly assigned, via the Latin Square design (4x4), to one of four experimental diets. The experimental period was 21 days. The results obtained in the experiment were evaluated by analysis of variance, Fisher’s F test and Tukey’s test at 5 % probability. The experimental diets consisted of wet brewers grain silage alone, and this silage with the addition of wheat bran, soybean hulls or ground corn. The diets did not affect the initial body weight of the animals. Diets containing wheat bran and ground corn provided a higher intake of dry matter (21.78 and 21.50 kg day-1) and organic matter (20.42 and 20.22 kg day-1) compared to the wet brewers grain silage alone and the diet containing soybean hulls. The results observed for dry matter (636.96 and 632.96 g kg-1), organic matter (659.16 and 654.35 g kg-1 DM), crude protein (712.84 and 717.79 g kg-1 DM) and neutral detergent fiber (598.99 and 538.90 g kg-1 DM) when cows were fed diets containing soybean hulls and ground corn, respectively, were higher than other diets. The different diets did not change daily milk production, milk production corrected for 3.5 % fat or milk composition. The milk urea nitrogen from cows fed ground corn diets was a lower concentration (17.67 mg dL-1), however, it was still above the suitable range (10 to 14 mg dL-1). Providing wet brewers grain silage with soybeans hulls or ground corn to Holstein cows increased the digestibility of dry matter and nutrients. However, the use of silages with wheat bran, soybean hulls or ground corn did not alter the efficiency, production or milk composition of cows fed with these silages.
44
Weil, R. R., e G. S. Belmont. "Dry Matter and Nitrogen Accumulation and Partitioning in Field Grown Winged Bean". Experimental Agriculture 27, n.º 3 (julho de 1991): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700019049.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
SummaryGrowth and the partitioning of dry matter and nitrogen were studied in winged bean ‘SLS-40’ grown with single stake supports at two sites in Sri Lanka. Plant parts (leaves, petioles, stems, roots, nodules, flowers, green pods, mature seeds, and mature pod-walls) were collected periodically, if present, for up to 32 weeks after emergence. Slow growth up to the seventh week was followed by rapid growth (2.8 g plant−1 day−1) for the next 15–17 weeks. Little leaf senescence was observed and the nitrogen content of the leaf tissue remained close to 45 mg N g−1 throughout growth. The rate of nitrogen accumulation was 2.3–2.7 kg N ha−1 day−1 between weeks 13 and 32. The final accumulation of nitrogen in the above ground material was 280 to 312 kg N ha−1, only 34% of that being in the mature seed. The harvest index for dry matter was 17.5–20% and the dry seed yield almost 2 t ha−1.
45
Townley-Smith, L., e A. T. Wright. "Field pea cultivar and weed response to crop seed rate in western Canada". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 74, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 1994): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps94-074.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Weed competition is a serious limitation to field pea (Pisum sativum L.) production. Trials were conducted in northeastern Saskatchewan to determine the effects of field pea growth habit, stand density and herbicide treatments on weed growth and on field pea stand and yield. Century, a long-stem leafy type, Tipu, a long-stem semi-leafless type, and Express, a short-stem leafy type, were seeded at 6, 12, 25, 50 and 100 seeds m−2. Some of each cultivar was unsprayed sprayed with a sethoxydim-metribuzin tank-mix for control of grass and broadleaf weeds. Field pea growth habit (cultivar) did not affect number of weeds, but increasing stand density (seed rate) reduced weed numbers in all 3 yr. Express reduced above-ground dry matter production of broadleaf weeds in 1988 and 1991. Increasing seed rate reduced above-ground dry matter production of weeds in all 3 yr. Field pea yield increased with increasing seed rate to a rate between 50 and 100 seeds m−2. Herbicide application reduced weed dry matter production, with the largest effect at low field pea populations. Despite differences in growth habit, the three cultivars competed similarly with weeds. High populations of field peas competed well with weeds and may not require herbicide application, but if producers retain thin stands, good weed control will be critical to attaining high crop yield. Key words: Field pea, Pisum sativum L., seed rate, weed competition, growth habit
46
Smart, Simon Mark, Helen Catherine Glanville, Maria del Carmen Blanes, Lina Maria Mercado, Bridget Anne Emmett, David Leonard Jones, Bernard Jackson Cosby et al. "Leaf dry matter content is better at predicting above‐ground net primary production than specific leaf area". Functional Ecology 31, n.º 6 (27 de fevereiro de 2017): 1336–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12832.
Texto completo da fonte
47
Price, Julie Guckenberger, Amy N. Wright, Robert S. Boyd e Kenneth M. Tilt. "Above-grade Planting with Organic Matter Improves Post-transplant Growth of Two Native Shrub Species". HortTechnology 21, n.º 5 (outubro de 2011): 520–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.21.5.520.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Planting shrubs above-grade with organic matter has shown potential for improving landscape establishment. To further investigate this technique, wax myrtle [Morella cerifera (syn. Myrica cerifera)] (3 gal) and mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia ‘Olympic Wedding’) (5 gal) were planted on 30 Oct. 2006 (fall planting) and 12 Apr. 2007 (spring planting) in the ground in a shade house in Auburn, AL. At each planting date, plants of each species were assigned one of four treatments. Three of four treatments used a modified above-grade planting technique in which shrubs were planted such that the top 3 inches of the root ball remained above soil grade. Organic matter, either pine bark (PB), peat (PT), or cotton gin compost (CGC), was applied around the above-grade portion of the root ball, tapering down from the top of the root ball to the ground. In the fourth treatment, plants were planted at-grade with no organic matter (NOM). In general, both species had higher shoot dry weight (SDW) and root spread (RS) when planted in the fall than when planted in spring. Among all treatments, plants also typically had larger RS when planted above-grade with PB or PT. For easy-to-transplant species (such as wax myrtle) and especially for difficult-to-transplant species like mountain laurel, fall planting using this modified above-grade planting technique with PB or PT may improve post-transplant root growth and speed establishment in the first growing season.
48
Dzeletovic, Zeljko, Gordana Andrejic, Aleksandar Simic e Hakan Geren. "Influence of rhizome mass on the crop establishment and dry matter yield of Miscanthus×giganteus over ten seasons". Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 64, n.º 1 (2019): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1901021d.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The aim of the present investigation was to assess the influence of rhizome mass on the success of plantation establishment and biomass yield of the bioenergy crop M. ? giganteus during 10 years of cultivation. The experiment included three treatments with different rhizome masses: 10-20 g (very low); 25- 35 g (low), and 40-60 g (medium mass). Planting density was 2 rhizomes m-2. The plants were harvested by mowing of the whole above-ground biomass each year in February. Out of the total number of planted rhizomes, the lowest emergence was noticed in very low mass rhizomes. In the first season, the greatest number of stems and crop height were encountered under the treatment with the highest rhizome mass. In the second season, crop heights were almost equal in all treatments. During the first two seasons, the highest biomass yields were recorded under the treatments with the highest rhizome masses. Although the analyzed parameters were highest with the rhizomes of 40-60g during the crop establishing stage, starting from the third season of cultivation, high yields of above-ground biomass may be obtained also with lower mass rhizomes. Having the highest biomass yield (25.85?7.36 Mg DM ha-1), the crop established with rhizomes of 25-35 g clearly stood out.
49
Costa, Newton de Lucena, Liana Jank, João Avelar Magalhães, Antônio Neri Azevedo Rodrigues, Amaury Burlamaqui Bendahan, Vicente Gianluppi, Braz Henrique Nunes Rodrigues e Francisco José de Seixas Santos. "Forage productivity and chemical composition of Megathyrsus maximus cv. Tamani under defoliations regimes". Pubvet 15, n.º 10 (outubro de 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31533/pubvet.v15n010a940.1-7.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The effects of defoliation frequency (21, 28, 35 and 42 days) and defoliation intensity (20, 30 and 40 cm above the ground) on green dry matter (GDM) yield, and chemical composition of Megathyrsus maximus cv. Tamani were evaluated under natural field conditions at the Roraima´s savannas. Defoliation regimes affect productivity and chemical composition of M. maximus cv. Tamani forage. The decrease in the pasture defoliation frequency and intensity improved the accumulation of forage, however it reduces the tissue concentrations of N, P, Ca, Mg and K. Irrespective of defoliation frequencies, the highest levels of N (25.31 g kg-1), P (2.11 g kg-1), Mg (2.78 g kg-1) and K (21.13 g kg-1) were recorded for the defoliation intensity at 40 cm above the ground, except for Ca (4.31 g kg-1), where the greatest concentration was obtained with defoliations at 30 cm above the ground. The use of defoliation frequency around 32 days and defoliation intensity of 28 cm above the ground can be considered adequate for the management of pastures of M. maximus cv. Tamani, in order to provides higher forage productivity and quality, regrowth vigor, larger efficiency of forage utilization, greater tissue renewal and canopy structure more favorable to grazing.
50
A.E., Edidiong, Patrick A.O. e Emmanuel A.U. "Impact of Particulate Matter as an Air Quality Pollutant Released from Quarry Activities in Akamkpa, Cross River State, Nigeria". African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research 6, n.º 3 (30 de outubro de 2023): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-tnejazc9.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This study examines the impact of particulate matter (PM2.5) and (PM10) as an air quality pollutant released from quarry operations at a quarry site in Akamkpa, Cross River State, Nigeria. Rock quarrying is the practice of obtaining quarry materials, typically rocks, from above or below land surfaces and crushing or grinding them into fragments to produce various rock sizes. For air quality assessment, concentrations of the air pollutants were measured at different locations within and around the quarry site, from a height of 1.5m above ground level. Highly sensitive digital portable meter was used for the measurement of PM2.5 and PM10. The Inverse Distance Weighted model (IDW) tool in ArcGIS was used to perform a spatial interpolation analysis on the data measured from the field monitoring during the dry and wet seasons. The findings indicate that during the dry season, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations ranged from 292µg/m3 to 127.33µg/m3 and from 377.67µg/m3 to 222.67µg/m3 respectively, while during the wet season, they ranged from 239.67µg/m3 to 92.00µg/m3 and from 276.33µg/m3 to 124µg/m3. The findings suggest that residents of the study area should limit their exposure, especially during the dry season.