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Mormann, Thomas J., e Wolfgang Jeitschko. "The Silver(I) Mercury(II) Oxide Nitrate with the Empirical Formula AgHg2NO5". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 54, n.º 12 (1 de dezembro de 1999): 1489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1999-1202.
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The title compound was prepared by solid state reaction of Ag2O with Hg(NO3)2· H2O in air at 350 °C. Its crystal structure was determined from single-crystal diffractometer data: Pnma, a = 620.1(1) pm, b = 670.1(1) pm, c = 1267.5(2) pm, Z = 4, R = 0.026 for 586 structure factors and 33 variable parameters. The compound may be represented by the formula Ag(HgO)2NO3 . The mercury(II) together with the oxygen atoms form zig-zag chains with linear coordination of the mercury atoms. The oxygen atoms of these chains are linked via silver(I) atoms, thus forming two-dimensionally infinite nets, which contain the trigonal planar nitrate groups in interstices. Thus, only secondary Hg-O and Ag-O bond are formed between the nets.
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Balagizi, Akonkwa, Ahouansou Montcho Simon, Nshombo Muderhwa e Lalèyè Philippe. "Caractérisation De La Pêche Au Lac Kivu". European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, n.º 21 (31 de julho de 2017): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n21p269.
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This study was focused on the description of fishing gears on Lake Kivu. Data were collected from March 2012 to February 2014 in Goma, Bukavu, and Kibuye fishing stations. The study findings indicate that gill nets, beach seine, lift net, trammel net composed of two panels of small and larger meshes (mosquito net attached to lift net parts), mosquito net, longline, single line, pots, and cast net were identified as fishing gears used on Lake Kivu. Longline was more selective (2 species) in terms of species selection. The lift net presented the best catch (19.4 ± 11 kg), while the trammel net showed the highest CPUE (7.9 ± 6.1 kg/h). The large dimensions of gears and the long netting duration characterized gillnets (1023.2 ± 620.1 m2 ) and longline (10.3 ± 4.6 hours) respectively. Cast-nets (20mm) showed the largest mesh size, while mosquito nets (1 ± 0.3 mm) were the smallest.
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Tekerli, M., e S. Koçak. "Relationships between production and fertility traits in first lactation and life time performances of Holstein cows under subtropical condition". Archives Animal Breeding 52, n.º 4 (10 de outubro de 2009): 364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-52-364-2009.
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Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between milk yield and calving interval in first lactation and breeding efficiency, herd life and length of productive life of 1 293 Holstein cows maintained at Ceylanpinar State Farm in Southeast Anatolia from 1990 to 2002. The least-squares means of first lactation milk yield, lactation length and calving interval were 5 620.1 ± 76.6 kg, 315.5 ± 2.0 and 386.9 ± 2.6 days. The values for breeding efficiency, herd life and length of productive life were 94.9 %, 2 095.9 ± 34.7 and 1 257.2 ± 34.4 days. The year of first lactation had significant effect (P<0.05) on all traits except for calving interval and lactation length, and breeding efficiency was only affected by age at first insemination and age at first calving (P<0.05). Heritabilities were 0.27 ± 0.08 for milk yield, 0.02 ± 0.05 for lactation length, 0.06 ± 0.05 for calving interval, 0.05 ± 0.05 for breeding efficiency, 0.30 ± 0.08 for herd life and 0.29 ± 0.08 for length of productive life. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between different traits ranged from −0.49 to 0.99 and −0.37 to 0.99 respectively.
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Asil, Esma, Mustafa Volkan Yılmaz e Hulya Yardimci. "Effects of black tea consumption and caffeine intake on depression risk in black tea consumers". African Health Sciences 21, n.º 2 (2 de agosto de 2021): 858–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v21i2.47.
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Background: The aim of this study was to compare black tea consumption and caffeine intake with depression status.
Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on 491 adults (M:169, F:322). The average daily caffeine intake of individuals was calculated using the amounts of caffeinated beverages they consumed daily and the caffeine contents of these beverages. The participants’ depression status was determined using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). All of the research data were evaluated using STATA.
Results: According to BDI scores, 30.1% of participants had depression. Black tea was consumed by all of the partici- pants and also had the highest consumption level of 620.1±90.4mL and the mean caffeine intake of the participants was 629.5±418.8 mg. Multivariate regression analyses showed that consuming more than 1 cup was protective against depression up to 4 cups. Moreover, a 450-600 mg caffeine intake also reduces the risk of depression than lower or higher intake levels.
Conclusion: Our study suggests that black tea consumption up to 4 cups and caffeine intake between 450-600 mg can help protect against depression. Further studies are needed to better understand the protective effects of black tea and caffeine on depression.
Keywords: Caffeine; black tea; beck depression inventory; depression.
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Shalish, Miriam, Leslie A. Will, Naomi Fukai, Bo Hou e Bjorn R. Olsen. "Role of polycystin-1 in bone remodeling:Orthodontic tooth movement study in mutant mice". Angle Orthodontist 84, n.º 5 (setembro de 2014): 885–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/082313-620.1.
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Shayeb, M. Abu, A. Majid e S. Zobidi. "Distribution of natural radioactivity and radiological hazard using a NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectrometric system". Journal of Building Physics 40, n.º 4 (27 de julho de 2016): 324–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744259116631048.
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The concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K are measured in the material collected from two locations. The collected materials are analyzed using gamma-ray spectrometry. The activity concentration of the naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in building material varies from 12.6 to 121.4, 13.6 to 142, and 69.5 to 620.6 Bq kg−1, respectively. The radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose, and hazard index are also calculated.
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WANG, WEI-CHI, YANBIN LI, MICHAEL F. SLAVIK e HUA XIONG. "Trisodium Phosphate and Cetylpyridinium Chloride Spraying on Chicken Skin to Reduce Attached Salmonella typhimurium". Journal of Food Protection 60, n.º 8 (1 de agosto de 1997): 992–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-60.8.992.
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Spraying treatments with trisodium phosphate (TSP) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) were evaluated for their effectiveness in reducing Salmonella typhimurium attached to chicken skins. Chicken skins with an area of 38.5 cm2 were cut from the breast areas of pre-chill chicken carcasses, mounted in a plastic holder, and inoculated with S. typhimurium. The inoculated skins were sprayed with tap water, 10% (wt/vol) TSP, or 0.1 % CPC solutions at 10, 35, or 60°C and 206.8, 413.7, 620.5, 827.4, or 1034.2 kPa for 30 s. After spraying, each skin was rinsed with tap water, transferred to a plastic bag containing 50 ml buffered peptone water, and stomached for 1 min. The stomaching water was collected, diluted serially, plated on xylose lysine tergitol 4 (XLT4) agar and Petrifilm aerobic count plates, and incubated for 18 to 24 h at 37°C. The results showed that tap water spraying reduced S. typhimurium by 0.7 to 1.6 log, while the reduction ranges for TSP and CPC spraying treatments were 1.6 to 2.3 and 1.5 to 2.5 log, respectively. Greater reductions in the numbers of S. typhimurium were obtained in TSP spraying treatments in the high pressure range (620.5 to 1034.2 kPa) and in CPC spraying treatments at 10°C.
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Ling, Peng, Fred G. Gmitter, Larry W. Duncan e S. Y. Xiao. "363 INHERITANCE OF CITRUS NEMATODE RESISTANCE AND ITS LINKAGE WITH RAPD MARKERS IN CITRUS". HortScience 29, n.º 5 (maio de 1994): 483a—483. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.483a.
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A family of 63 citrus intergenemic backcross hybrids was used for this study. The parents and hybrids were multiplied by rooted cuttings, with 6 uniform replicates selected per hybrid, and each plant was inoculated with citrus nematodes (Tylenchulus semipenetrans) 5 times over 2 mo. The number of nematode female larvae per gram of fine fresh root was determind 2 mo after the last inoculation. The phenotypic variation of the hybrids was continuous and wide-ranged, from 8.0 females· g-1 of root tissue (resistant parent Swingle citrumelo=15.6) to 620.0 females· g-1 of root tissue (susceptible parent LB 6-2=540.5). Bulked segregant analysis (BSA), using RAPD fragments, was conducted with 2 DNA bulks of individuals from the extremes of the phenotypic distribution. Three hundred twenty primers were screened and 5 were found to generate repeatedly single RAPD fragments specific to the resistant bulk. The segregation of resistance-associated fragments among the individuals was examined, and the linkage between these markers and potential nematode resistance loci was estimated.
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El-Salam, Asmaa Reda Abd, K. E. Rady, Ezzat A. ELFadaly e Mobarak Hassan Aly. "Enhanced Structural and Morphological Properties of Doped Cobalt Zinc Ferrite". Journal of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials 4, n.º 2 (22 de novembro de 2023): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33696/nanotechnol.4.046.
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In this study, Mn2+ substituted Co0.8−x Mnx Zn0.2 (where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) ferrites are prepared by a coprecipitation method to study the effect of Mn2+ions on the structural and morphological properties. These ferrites are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared. X-ray diffraction patterns of the prepared samples confirm partial substitution of Mn2+ ions that does not change the basic structure of Co0.8 Zn0.2 Fe2O4. It also provides information about the formation of a single-phase spinel structure without any secondary phase. It is concluded that Co0.6 Mn0.2 Zn0.2 Fe2O4 has a spherical shape with an average particle size of 22.51 nm based on TEM, as confirmed by the XRD analysis. FT-IR analysis confirms the formation of vibrational frequency bands associated with the entire spinel structure. The IR spectra of ferrites show two clear and sharp absorption bands in the range of 442.09 and 620.21 cm-1 in the range of 200–1000 cm-1, which confirms the formation of the ferrite composite.
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Hussain, Muhammad Iftikhar, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Taimoor Hassan Farooq, Dunia A. Al Farraj e Mohamed Soliman Elshikh. "Comparative Plasticity Responses of Stable Isotopes of Carbon (δ13C) and Nitrogen (δ15N), Ion Homeostasis and Yield Attributes in Barley Exposed to Saline Environment". Plants 11, n.º 11 (5 de junho de 2022): 1516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11111516.
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Salinity is a major threat to agricultural productivity worldwide. The selection and evaluation of crop varieties that can tolerate salt stress are the main components for the rehabilitation of salt-degraded marginal soils. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate salinity tolerance potential, growth performance, carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen isotope composition (δ15N), intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), harvest index, and yield stability attributes in six barley genotypes (113/1B, 59/3A, N1-10, N1-29, Barjouj, Alanda01) at three salinity levels (0, 7, and 14 dS m−1). The number of spikes m−2 was highest in Alanda01 (620.8) while the lowest (556.2) was exhibited by Barjouj. Alanda01 produced the highest grain yield (3.96 t ha−1), while the lowest yield was obtained in 59/3A (2.31 t ha−1). Genotypes 113/1B, Barjouj, and Alanda01 demonstrate the highest negative δ13C values (−27.10‰, −26.49‰, −26.45‰), while the lowest values were obtained in N1-29 (−21.63‰) under salt stress. The δ15N was increased (4.93‰ and 4.59‰) after 7 and 14 dS m−1 as compared to control (3.12‰). The iWUE was higher in N1-29 (144.5) and N1-10 (131.8), while lowest in Barjouj (81.4). Grain protein contents were higher in 113/1B and Barjouj than other genotypes. We concluded that salt tolerant barley genotypes can be cultivated in saline marginal soils for food and nutrition security and can help in the rehabilitation of marginal lands.
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Wu, Xingye, Juan Li, Yi Zhou, Yun Mao, Shiqiao Luo, Xuemei He, Li Wang et al. "Relative Factors Analysis of Imatinib Trough Concentration in Chinese Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor". Chemotherapy 63, n.º 6 (2018): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000493195.
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Aims: Imatinib plasma trough levels (IM Cmin) have been reported to have a considerable clinical impact in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). We therefore have investigated the factors affecting IM plasma concentration in Chinese GIST patients. Methods: IM Cmin in 190 patients with GIST who were taking IM were measured. Results: In patients treated with IM 300 mg/day (n = 16), 400 mg/day (n = 168), and > 400 mg/day (500: n = 1, 600: n = 5), IM Cmin was 1,564.54 ± 596.15, 1,521.26 ± 610.33, and 2,540.31 ± 1,298.14 ng/mL, respectively. Of the 168 patients treated with IM 400 mg/day, IM Cmin was significantly lower in males (1,353.94 ± 492.89 ng/mL) than in females (1,680.79 ± 669.03 ng/mL, p < 0.01), and in patients with gastrectomy (1,439.60 ± 587.66 ng/mL) than those without gastrectomy (1,649.88 ± 620.12 ng/mL) (p = 0.033). High IM Cmin was correlated with low body weight (p = 0.004) and low body surface area (p < 0.001). Conclusion: IM Cmin at steady state was significantly associated with body weight and body surface area. Monitoring of IM Cmin might be particularly important for the optimal treatment with IM of male patients and those who have undergone gastrectomy.
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Yang, Pingping, Xuejiao Wei, Li Zhang, Shiming Dong, Wenting Cao, Dong Ma e Yuejun Ouyang. "Pt2CeO2 Heterojunction Supported on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Robust Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol". Molecules 28, n.º 7 (27 de março de 2023): 2995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28072995.
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Herein, we prepared Pt2CeO2 heterojunction nanocluster (HJNS) on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) which is a special class of ionic liquids. The catalyst was then heat-treated at 400 °C in N2 (refer to Pt2CeO2/CNTs-400). The Pt2CeO2/CNTs-400 catalyst showed remarkably improved electrocatalytic performance towards methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) (839.1 mA mgPt−1) compared to Pt2CeO2/CNTs-500 (620.3 mA mgPt−1), Pt2CeO2/CNTs-300 (459.2 mA mgPt−1), Pt2CeO2/CNTs (641.6 mAmg−1) (the catalyst which has not been heat-treated) and commercial Pt/C (229.9 mAmg−1). Additionally, the Pt2CeO2/CNTs-400 catalyst also showed better CO poisoning resistance (onset potential: 0.47 V) compared to Pt2CeO2/CNTs (0.56 V) and commercial Pt/C (0.58 V). The improved performance of Pt2CeO2/CNTs-400 catalyst is attributed to the addition of appropriate CeO2, which changed the electronic state around the Pt atoms, lowered the d-band of Pt atoms, formed more Ce-O-Pt bonds acting as new active sites, affected the adsorption of toxic intermediates and weakened the dissolution of Pt; on the other hand, with the assistance of thermal treatment at 400 °C, the obtained Pt2CeO2 HJNS expose more new active sites at the interface between Pt and CeO2 to enhance the electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) and the dehydrogenation process of MOR. Thirdly, DES is beneficial to the increase of the effective component Pt(0) in the carbonization process. The study shows a new way to construct high-performance Pt-CeO2 catalyst for the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).
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Ayas, Serhat. "Effect of Irrigation and Fertigation Levels on Cabbage (Brassicaceae Oleracea var. capitata L. Grandslam F1)". Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, n.º 2 (23 de fevereiro de 2021): 401–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i2.401-411.4134.
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There are very few studies on cabbage at different fertigation levels in the Marmara Region, where this study was conducted. In this respect, our study has a unique quality. This study was carried out in Bursa Uludag University Yenisehir İbrahim Orhan College application greenhouses in 2014-2015 years. Five different irrigation treatments (T1: 100% (full irrigation), T2: 75%, T3: 50%, T4: 25%, T5: 0% (non-irrigated)) and two different fertigation treatments (F1.0: 100% (100:100:100 NPK fertigation and F0.5: 50% (50:50:50 NPK) fertigation) were combined together to determine the effects on yield and quality parameters of cabbages. The amount of irrigation water in 2014 and 2015 years varied between 0.0-620.0 mm and 0.0-660 mm, respectively, while evapotranspiration values varied between 150.0-700 mm and 180.0-710 mm, respectively. It was determined that irrigation water and fertigation levels, yield and quality parameters of cabbages were affected significantly. In both application years, the highest yield was obtained from T1F1.0 treatment as 73.2 and 68.4 tons ha-1 respectively, while the lowest yield was obtained from T5F1.0 treatment as 3.0 and 3.0 tons ha-1, respectively. In 2014 and 2015 years the crop response factor values of cabbage were calculated as 1.20-1.19 and 1.23-1.18, respectively. T2F1.0 and T2F0.5 treatments can be recommended as the most effective irrigation and fertilization levels of cabbage.
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Lotfi, BENSAHLA TALET, e Ahmed BENSAHLA TALET. "Age, Growth and Mortality of the Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Population in Merdja Sidi Abed Dam, Algeria." Omni-Akuatika 15, n.º 1 (14 de maio de 2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.oa.2019.15.1.619.
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We tried to estimate age, growth parameters, condition factor, length-weight relationship and mortality rates (Z, M, and F) of the common carp in Merdja Sidi Abed dam. Cyprinus carpio specimens were captured by long line between April and June 2013 in Merdjea Sidi abed. 220 individuals were collected and weights ranged between 265.5 and 620.3 g while the total length ranged between 26.3 and 35.6 cm. Length-converted catch curve was used to estimate total annual instantaneous mortality rates (Z), natural mortality was calculated using Pauly formula [ln(M) = -0.0152 - 0.279 ln(L∞) + 0.6543 ln(K) + 0.463 ln(T)]. Recruitment patterns were determined from the routine implemented in FISAT II. For all individuals (n = 220) of the common carp, the relationship between total length and body weight was: W = 0.0384 L2.70 (r2 = 0.906) for females and W = 0.0467 L2.653(r2 = 0.976) for males a minor allometry was found for this species, mean condition factor K was estimated at 1.41. The maximum value of recruitment was recorded in March-April period with 19.56 and 15.20 % respectively. The Battacharya method was used to estimate age of individuals that was comprised between 1 and years 3. The equation of Von Bertalanffy growth was: L = 36.75 [1-e-0.46 (t + 0.33)] for all the population. Total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were as follows: Z = 1.08, M = 0.82, F = 0.26 yr-1while exploitation ratio (E) was evaluated at 0.24 indicating an under exploitation of this local resource.
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Shirasawa, A., Y. Nakamura, A. Ideta, Y. Oono, M. Urakawa e Y. Aoyagi. "109 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ULTRASONIC MORPHOLOGY OF CORPUS LUTEUM IN HOLSTEIN HEIFERS AND PREGNANCY RATE AFTER EMBRYO TRANSFER". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24, n.º 1 (2012): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv24n1ab109.
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Recipient animals for bovine embryo transfer (ET) are routinely selected according to the morphology of the corpus luteum (CL) estimated by rectal palpation. However, rectal palpation is not a precise method of diagnosing the functional status of a CL. Ovarian ultrasonography (US) may be used to improve such diagnoses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ultrasonographic images of CL and pregnancy rates after ET in Holstein heifers to determine whether US can be used to select recipients for ET. Recipient heifers (n = 285) were selected by detection of natural oestrus or following oestrus synchronization using a progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (PRID; ASKA Pharmaceutical, Tokyo, Japan). Transrectal US was performed immediately before ET, on Days 6 to 8 of the oestrous cycle (oestrus = Day 0), using a B-mode scanner (HS1500V; Honda Electronics Co. LTD, Aichi, Japan) equipped with a 7.5-MHz linear-array transducer designed for intrarectal placement. A cross-sectional image of the maximal area of the CL and luteal cavity was obtained. The areas of the CL and luteal cavity were each calculated using the formula for the area of an ellipse (height/2 × width/2 × π). (1) Ultrasonic morphology of CL was classified into 3 types: without cavity (n = 128), with cavity (n = 145) and with blood clot (n = 12). (2) The luteal cavity was categorized into 3 groups: small (<100 mm2, n = 93), medium (100 ≤ x < 200 mm2, n = 32) and large (≥200 mm2, n = 20). (3) Luteinized tissue area (total area of CL minus the area of the luteal cavity) was categorized into 3 groups: small (<250 mm2, n = 61), medium (250 ≤ x < 350 mm2, n = 128) and large (≥350 mm2, n = 84). In vivo–produced embryos were transferred nonsurgically into the uterine horn ipsilateral to the CL. Pregnancy was determined by transrectal US on Days 30 to 40 of gestation. The pregnancy rates of each experimental group were analysed by logistic regression. In this study, the pregnancy rate did not differ significantly in each experimental group: (1) without cavity: 77.3% (99/128), with cavity: 75.2% (109/145) and blood clot: 75.0% (9/12); (2) small cavity: 73.1% (68/93), medium: 75.0% (24/32) and large: 85.0% (17/20). The mean area of the cavity was 100.8 ± 110.3 mm2 (mean ± standard deviation) and recipients with 0 to 539.7 mm2 sized cavities had successful pregnancies (observational range was 0 to 539.7 mm2). (3) The pregnancy rates of recipients that had small, medium and large luteinized tissue were 77.0% (47/61), 75.0% (96/128) and 77.4% (65/84), respectively. The mean area of luteinized tissue was 318.9 ± 90.3 mm2 and 155.0 to 620.0 mm2 sized luteinized tissue had pregnancy success (observational range was 132.8 to 620.0 mm2). In conclusion, the results from this study indicate that the presence of a luteal cavity or blood clot has no detrimental effect on pregnancy success after ET in Holstein heifers. Furthermore, no relationship was found between luteinized tissue area at the time of ET and pregnancy rate.
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Alagbe, John Olujimi. "Effect on performance, serum biochemistry and haematological components of feeding “japanese quails” phytogenic feed additions comprising Megaphrynium macrostachyum leaves". Brazilian Journal of Science 3, n.º 5 (25 de abril de 2024): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v3i5.571.
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This experiment was carried out to examine the effect on performance, serum biochemistry and haematological components of feeding quails phytogenic feed additions comprising Megaphrynium macrostachyum leaves. A total of 400-1 day old “japanese quails” were randomly distributed into five treatments and each treatment had four replicates (20 birds per replicate) in a completely randomized design. Basal diets were adequate in all nutrients and quails in treatment 1 was fed basal diet with no antibiotics, treatment 2 was fed basal diet supplemented with neomycin at 0.2 g/kg-1 while treatment 3, 4 and 5 were fed basal diet supplemented with M. macrostachyum leaf meal (MML) at 2 g, 4 g and 6 g/kg-1 respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days, feed and fresh clean water were offered ad libitum. Experimental result showed that MML contained several phyto-constituents viz: tannins (318.62 mg/g-1), terpenoids (620.11 mg/g-1), flavonoids (1205.3 mg/g-1), steroids (51.79 mg/g-1), glycosides (42.55 mg/g1-), alkaloids (200.8 mg/g-1) and phenols (1402.4 mg/g-1). Average daily weight gain was higher (P < 0.05) in treatment 4 (3.00 g/bird-1) and 5 (3.02 g/bird-1) relative to the other treatments. Similarly, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio were higher (P < 0.05) in treatment 4 and 5, intermediate in treatment 2 and lowest in treatment 1 and 2. Mortality was recorded only among birds in treatment 1 (2.56%) and 2 (1.16%) (P < 0.05). Red blood cell, white blood cell, haemoglobin, pack cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, lymphocytes and heterophil values were influenced (P < 0.05) by the treatments except for monocyte count (P > 0.05). Total protein, Creatinine, alanine phosphatase, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase were not significantly (P > 0.05) influenced by the diet. However, all values were within the established ranges for healthy quails. In conclusion, MML can be supplemented up to 6 g/kg-1 in the diet of quails without causing any deleterious effect on the health status and performance of birds.
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Sandra, Ferry, Janti Sudiono, Pretty Trisfilha e Deviyanti Pratiwi. "Cytotoxicity of Alpinia galanga Rhizome Crude Extract on NIH-3T3 Cells". Indonesian Biomedical Journal 9, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18585/inabj.v9i1.212.
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BACKGROUND: Alpinia galanga (A. galanga) was reported as a potential medicinal source due to its wide effect. A. galanga rhizome crude extract (ARCE) was reported to have high cytotoxic effect in cancer cells, but low in normal cells. However half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ARCE is not clearly known yet. Hence, current study was conducted to investigate the IC50 of ARCE in normal standard fibroblast cell line, NIH-3T3 cells.METHODS: Rhizomes of A. galanga were collected, peeled, dried, milled and weighed. Extraction was performed using maceration method, then filtered and evaporated. ARCE with various concentrations were applied in NIH-3T3 cells for 24 or 48 hours. Cells were documented and counted with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.RESULTS: Five hundreds grams of simplicia were macerated with ethanol and evaporated, 1 mg/mL crude extract with total volume of 114 mL was obtained. By addition of ARCE in NIH-3T3 cell culture, number of NIH-3T3 cells were shown less when treated with higher concentration of ARCE. Cell numbers of 0, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50% ARCE treatment for 24 hours are 11,531, 11,352, 10,920, 10,365, 9,471, 8,360, respectively, meanwhile for 48 hours are 13,219, 12,686, 12,278, 11,390, 10,279, 8,390, respectively.CONCLUSION: IC50 of ARCE in 24 hours treatment was 620.5 mg/mL, while in 48 hours treatment was 666.6 mg/mL. Hence, ARCE is suggested to have low cytotoxic effect in NIH-3T3 cells.KEYWORDS: Alpinia galanga, ginger, extract, cytotoxic, MTT, NIH-3T3
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Rompicherla, Sampath Kumar L., Karthik Arumugam, Sree Lalitha Bojja, Nitesh Kumar e C. Mallikarjuna Rao. "Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of nasal liposome and nanoparticle based rivastigmine formulations in acute and chronic models of Alzheimer’s disease". Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 394, n.º 8 (4 de junho de 2021): 1737–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00210-021-02096-0.
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AbstractWith the increasing aging population and progressive nature of the disease, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) poses to be an oncoming epidemic with limited therapeutic strategies. It is characterized by memory loss, behavioral instability, impaired cognitive function, predominantly, cognitive inability manifested due to the accumulation of β-amyloid, with malfunctioned cholinergic system. Rivastigmine, a reversible dual cholinesterase inhibitor, is a more tolerable and widely used choice of drug for AD. However, rivastigmine being hydrophilic and undergoing the first-pass metabolism exhibits low CNS bioavailability. Nanoformulations including liposomes and PLGA nanoparticles can encapsulate hydrophilic drugs and deliver them efficiently to the brain. Besides, the nasal route is receiving considerable attention recently, due to its direct access to the brain. Therefore, the present study attempts to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of nasal liposomal and PLGA nanoparticle formulations of rivastigmine in acute scopolamine-induced amnesia and chronic colchicine induced cognitive dysfunction animal models, and validate the best formulation by employing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling. Nasal liposomal rivastigmine formulation showed the best pharmacokinetic features with rapid onset of action (Tmax = 5 min), higher Cmax (1489.5 ± 620.71), enhanced systemic bioavailability (F = 118.65 ± 23.54; AUC = 35,921.75 ± 9559.46), increased half-life (30.92 ± 8.38 min), and reduced clearance rate (Kel (1/min) = 0.0224 ± 0.006) compared to oral rivastigmine (Tmax = 15 min; Cmax = 56.29 ± 27.05; F = 4.39 ± 1.82; AUC = 1663.79 ± 813.54; t1/2 = 13.48 ± 5.79; Kel (1/min) = 0.0514 ± 0.023). Further, the liposomal formulation significantly rescued the memory deficit induced by scopolamine as well as colchicine superior to other formulations as assessed in Morris water maze and passive avoidance tasks. PK-PD modeling demonstrated a strong correlation between the pharmacokinetic parameters and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of liposomal formulation.
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Murray, James M., Craig W. Renfrew, Amit Bedi, Conor B. McCrystal, David S. Jones e Howard J. P. Fee. "Amsorb". Anesthesiology 91, n.º 5 (1 de novembro de 1999): 1342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199911000-00026.
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Background This article describes a carbon dioxide absorbent for use in anesthesia. The absorbent consists of calcium hydroxide with a compatible humectant, namely, calcium chloride. The absorbent mixture does not contain sodium or potassium hydroxide but includes two setting agents (calcium sulphate and polyvinylpyrrolidine) to improve hardness and porosity. Methods The resultant mixture was formulated and subjected to standardized tests for hardness, porosity, and carbon dioxide absorption. Additionally, the new absorbent was exposed in vitro to sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane, and enflurane to determine whether these anesthetics were degraded to either compound A or carbon monoxide. The performance data and inertness of the absorbent were compared with two currently available brands of soda lime: Intersorb (Intersurgical Ltd., Berkshire, United Kingdom) and Dragersorb (Drager, Lubeck, Germany). Results The new carbon dioxide absorbent conformed to United States Pharmacopeia specifications in terms of carbon dioxide absorption, granule hardness, and porosity. When the new material was exposed to sevoflurane (2%) in oxygen at a flow rate of 1 l/min, concentrations of compound A did not increase above those found in the parent drug (1.3-3.3 ppm). In the same experiment, mean +/-SD concentrations of compound A (32.5 +/- 4.5 ppm) were observed when both traditional brands of soda lime were used. After dehydration of the traditional soda limes, immediate exposure to desflurane (60%), enflurane (2%), and isoflurane (2%) produced concentrations of carbon monoxide of 600.0 +/- 10.0 ppm, 580.0 +/- 9.8 ppm, and 620.0 +/-10.1 ppm, respectively. In contrast, concentrations of carbon monoxide were negligible (1-3 ppm) when the anhydrous new absorbent was exposed to the same anesthetics. Conclusions The new material is an effective carbon dioxide absorbent and is chemically unreactive with sevoflurane, enflurane, isoflurane, and desflurane.
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LEE, HYUN WOONG, In Soo Oh, HYE YOUNG CHANG, JUNG IL LEE e KWAN SIK LEE. "Serum IL-6 level may differentiate immune inactive phase from other phases in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection". Journal of Immunology 202, n.º 1_Supplement (1 de maio de 2019): 75.23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.75.23.
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Abstract Background and Aims Previous studies have found that serum level of IL-6 was increased in HBV-infected patients. Here we evaluate the impact of IL-6 levels according to the natural history of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) infection. Method Patients(n=71) with hepatitis B virus(HBV) were enrolled between September 2016 and Feb. 2018. Treatment-naïve chronic HBV carries were recruited. IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-17A were measured by a cytometric bead assay according to manufacturer’s instructions. Soluble PD-1 and soluble CD14 were made by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The assay procedures were followed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. We studied patients with immune inactive phase (HBV DNA< 1,000 copies/ml, anti-HBe + and normal ALT, n=22), immune tolerant phase (HBV DNA > 10,000 copies/ml, HBeAg + and normal ALT, n=36), and immune active phase (elevated ALT and HBV DNA>10,000 copies/ml, n=13). Results Serum IL-6 levels in patients with immune inactive phase were significantly lower than patients with immune tolerant and immune active phases (267.3±245.6 pg/mL vs. 620.2±207.8 pg/mL and 1,815±803.2) (p<0.001). Serum TNF-α levels in patients with immune inactive phase was slightly lower than patients with immune tolerant and immune active phases (3.36±4.40 pg/mL vs. 8.74±12.91 pg/mL and 111.9±377.4) (p=0.079). However, other cytokines (serum IL-2, IL-17A, IFN-γ), soluble CD 14, and soluble PD-1 levels might not be significantly related to the natural history of CHB phase. Conclusion These results demonstrate the potential to apply serum IL-6 as a biomarker for differentiating immune inactive phase from other phases in patients with chronic HBV infection.
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Yu, Juan, Lei Yu, Zhen He, Gui-Peng Yang, Jing-Guang Lai e Qian Liu. "Spatial and seasonal variability in volatile organic sulfur compounds in seawater and the overlying atmosphere of the Bohai and Yellow seas". Biogeosciences 21, n.º 1 (9 de janeiro de 2024): 161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-161-2024.
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Abstract. Volatile organic sulfur compounds (VSCs), including carbon disulfide (CS2), dimethyl sulfide (DMS), and carbonyl sulfide (COS), were surveyed in the seawater of the Bohai and Yellow seas and the overlying atmosphere during spring and summer of 2018 to understand the production and loss of VSCs and their influence factors. The concentration ranges of COS, DMS, and CS2 in the surface seawater were 0.14–0.42, 0.41–7.74, and 0.01–0.18 nmol L−1 during spring and 0.32–0.61, 1.31–18.12, and 0.01–0.65 nmol L−1 during summer, respectively. The COS concentrations exhibited positive correlation with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in seawater during summer, which verified the photochemical production of COS from chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). High DMS concentrations occurred near the Yellow River, Laizhou Bay, and Yangtze River estuary, coinciding with high nitrate and chlorophyll (Chl) a concentrations due to river discharge during summer. The COS, DMS, and CS2 concentrations were the highest in the surface seawater and decreased with the depth. The mixing ratios of COS, DMS, and CS2 in the atmosphere were 255.9–620.2, 1.3–191.2, and 5.2–698.8 pptv during spring and 394.6–850.1, 10.3–464.3, and 15.3–672.7 pptv in summer, respectively. The ratios of mean oceanic concentrations and atmospheric mixing ratios for summer to spring in COS, DMS, and CS2 were 1.8, 3.1, 3.7 and 1.6, 4.6, 1.5, respectively. The ratios of the mean sea-to-air fluxes for summer to spring in COS, DMS, and CS2 were 1.2, 2.1, and 4.3. The sea-to-air fluxes of VSCs indicated that the marginal seas are important sources of VSCs in the atmosphere. The results support a better understanding of the contribution of VSCs in marginal seas.
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Podolin, D. A., T. T. Gleeson e R. S. Mazzeo. "Role of norepinephrine in hepatic gluconeogenesis: evidence of aging and training effects". American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 267, n.º 5 (1 de novembro de 1994): E680—E686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1994.267.5.e680.
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This study examined the relationship among the sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE), hepatic gluconeogenesis, and glyconeogenesis in 63 (30 trained and 33 untrained) young (7 mo), middle-aged (15 mo), and old (25 mo) male Fischer 344 rats. Animals were trained 1 h/day, 5 days/wk for 10 wk at treadmill speeds of 75% of age-specific maximal capacity. Liver sections, removed at rest, were sliced and incubated in [14C]lactic acid and 0, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, or 6.0 ng/ml NE. The rate of [14C]lactate incorporation into glucose was significantly greater in young compared with old animals in both training groups and at all NE concentrations. All trained animals had greater rates of glucose production from lactate than their untrained counterparts at 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, and 6.0 ng/ml NE. At each NE concentration, the old rats showed the lowest rates of glycogen synthesis from lactate. The untrained rats in all age groups were the least responsive to increases in NE concentration. Total hepatic glycogen synthase activity exhibited age-related declines as the young and middle-aged had significantly greater total activity compared with the old animals: 620.4 +/- 27.5, 590.0 +/- 37.9, and 436.3 +/- 44.5 disintegrations/min, respectively. No differences with training were found in total activity. The percent of glycogen synthase in the active form was significantly greater in young compared with old in both the trained (48.6 +/- 2.0 vs. 40.0 +/- 1.3% active) and untrained animals (44.7 +/- 2.2 vs. 35.4 +/- 1.5% active).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Fareed, Jawed, Debra Hoppensteadt, Josephine Cunanan, Michael Mosier, Yutaka Osawa e Inder Kaul. "Dysregulation of Inflammatory and Hemostatic Markers in Sepsis Associated Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation." Blood 120, n.º 21 (16 de novembro de 2012): 2223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2223.2223.
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Abstract Abstract 2223 Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) represents a complex pathophysiologic syndrome where marked alterations in the hemostatic system are manifested. As a result several inflammatory mediators are up regulated through multiple mechanisms. The up regulation of inflammatory mediators such as anaphylatoxin C5a (C5a), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), myeloperoxidase (MPO), C reactive protein (CRP), and circulating levels of hemostatic markers including protein C inhibitor (PCI), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and protein C (Pr C) were evaluated in 758 subjects enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase-2B study evaluating the safety and efficacy of recombinant thrombomodulin (ART-123) in subjects with sepsis and suspected DIC. Thirty healthy male and female volunteers served as the control group. Commercially available ELISA methods were used to measure the various mediators. Marked deviations in the circulating levels of these markers, as compared to controls, were noted as shown in the following table. Compared with controls, subjects in DIC showed an increase in the circulating levels of most inflammatory markers. The levels of PCT, IL-6 and CRP, where considerably higher in the DIC subjects whereas PCI, Pr C and AT exhibited slight decreases. Wide individual variations were present. The PAI-1 levels were also increased in the DIC subjects. These results are tabulated below. These results clearly indicate that inflammation and impairment of fibrinolysis play a key role in the pathogenesis of DIC Parameter Nomal (NHP Mean+SEM) DIC (Baseline Mean+SEM) % Change Protein C (% Ag) 82.5 ± 13.6 47.6 ± 23.7 −42.2% Functional Protein C (%) 83.4 ± 13.2 46.2 ± 29.8 −44.6% PCI (% Inhibition) 130.0 ± 24.6 79.4 ± 105.5 −38.9% PAI-1 (ng/ml) 35.4 ± 10.8 140.6 ± 165.6 297.1% CRP (ug/ml) 2.6 ± 0.4 48.0 ± 14.2 1736.9% C5a (ng/ml) 9.2 ± 3.2 17.2 ± 13.3 85.1% IL-6 (pg/ml) 9.3 ± 3.7 620.3 ± 1883.4 6583.9% IL-10 (pg/ml) 13.9 ± 13.1 130.2 ± 118.6 836.1% MPO (ng/ml) 16.0 ± 4.2 108.1 ± 68.6 574.6% PCT (ng/ml) 0.2 ± 0.13 21.9 ± 43.3 14514.5% Disclosures: Osawa: Asahi Kasei Pharma America Corporation: Employment. Kaul:Asahi Kasei Pharma America Corporation: Employment.
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Sultan, A. W. A., A. A. Alhello, M. A. Aribi e H. T. Al-Saad. "Assessment of hydrocarbons and trace metals pollution in water and sediments of the Fertilizer Plant wastes in Khor Al-Zubair, Iraq". Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences 28, n.º 1 (18 de abril de 2022): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v28i1.152.
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The levels of petroleum hydrocarbons and trace elements were determined in water and sediment samples from the Fertilizer Plant in Khor Al-Zubair, southern Iraq, from three selected locations; ammonia unit, urea unit and water treatment plant. The mean concentrations of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) in the water were 81.07 µg/l at ammonia unit, 153.69 µg/l at urea unit and 8.89 µg/l at water treatment plant. The mean values of TPHs in the sediment were 129.46µg/g at ammonia unit, 406.68 µg/g at urea unit and 48.97µg/g at water treatment plant. The range of trace metals concentrations (mg/l) for water samples were 480.13-620.12 for Fe, 280.23-400.26 for Mn, 3.28-10.23 for Cu, 18.23-31.28 for Zn, 3.26-9.23 for Pb, 0.23-1.05 for Cd and 6.25-10.21 for Co. The range of these measured metals concentrations in µg/g for sediment samples were 632.18-980.45 for Fe, 280.23-400.26 for Mn, 9.26-16.53 for Cu, 30.12-51.24 for Zn, 23.41-30.23 for Pb, 0.62-1.52 for Cd and 20.21-32.42 for Co. The results have been compared to other international and local values. The geochemical index values for studied metals excluded Fe and Cd in the sediments of the three stations exhibited class 2 and hence are moderately polluted. Station (2) was the highest in the geochemical index. All the sampling locations have an enrichment factors values greater than 5 except location (1) for Cd and location (3) for Zn. The sediments from the studied locations fall under the category of low for Fe, moderate for Zn and Cd expect location (2) which showed a contamination factor (CF) of 4, marginally falls under considerable degree of contamination and considerable to very high contamination for the rest metals. All sediment samples with pollution index greater than 1 showed pollution caused by industrial processes of Fertilizer Plant.
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Nkosi, Davies Veli, Johan Leon Bekker e Louwrens Christiaan Hoffman. "Toxic Metals in Meat Contributed by Helicopter and Rifle Thoracic Killing of Game Meat Animals". Applied Sciences 12, n.º 16 (12 de agosto de 2022): 8095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12168095.
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Processes of killing wild game meat animals could introduce toxic metals into the animal’s meat, which subsequently may pose a risk of consumer exposure to toxins during ingestion. In most cases, toxic metals occur naturally in the environment and may be found in traces in different parts of a game meat animal. However, some of these metals are also introduced to meat animals by bullets used during the hunting and killing of game meat animals. These bullets are generally made from metals such as lead, arsenic, and copper, all of which have strictly regulated limits in food products including meat. Samples of helicopter-killed impala in the area around the bullet/pellets’ wound (n = 9) and from animals killed by a single projectile (n = 9) were analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The type of bullet used influenced the mean concentration of some of these toxic metals (mg/Kg) in meat samples; helicopter killing resulted in the following levels of As (0.665, SD = 1.95); Cd (0.000, SD = 0.000); Pb (620.18, SD = 1247.6); and Hg (0.017 SD = 0.033) compared to single projectile killing that resulted in the following levels: As (0.123, SD = 0.221); Cd (0.008, SD = 0.021); Pb (1610.79, SD = 1384.5); and Hg (0.028, SD = 0.085). The number of samples per metal with levels above the EU products’ limits were Pb = 18/18 samples from both killing methods, As = 2/18 samples from helicopter killing, Cd- = 1/18 from rifle killing and Hg = 0/18. To minimise the risks of toxic metals posed by bullets, the use of lead (Pb) free bullets should be encouraged, and the control of meat animal killing methods must always be performed, especially for meat contamination prevention.
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Myers, Cheyanne A., Mario de Haro Marti, Mireille Chahine e Gwinyai E. Chibisa. "PSIII-11 The effect of feeding supplemental zeolite (clinoptilolite) of two different particle sizes on measures of nitrogen utilization and nutrient digestibility in finishing beef heifers". Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (8 de outubro de 2021): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.527.
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Abstract Clinoptilolite (CLN), could potentially improve nitrogen (N) utilization when fed to beef cattle as it can bind ruminal-ammonia-N (NH3-N), limiting its loss and subsequent detoxification into urea-N, which is released into blood and is excreted in urine. However, the effectiveness of CLN is influenced by physical properties such as particle size. Although decreasing the particle size has been shown to increase the binding of ammonium in-vitro, this remains to be evaluated in vivo. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of feeding CLN of two different particle sizes (30 and 400 µm) on ruminal NH3-N and plasma-urea-N (PUN) concentrations, ruminal pH, and nutrient intake and apparent total-tract digestibility. Six ruminally-cannulated beef heifers (mean initial BW± SD, 620.8 ± 30.15) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 21 d periods (sample collection from d 15 to 21). Dietary treatments were: 1) finishing ration with no supplement (CON), 2) CON +30-µm CLN (CL-30), and 3) CON + 400-µm CLN (CL-400). Clinoptilolite was top-dressed (2.5% of diet DM) during morning feeding. Intake was measured daily. Ruminal fluid was collected on d 19 for NH3-N analysis and blood was collected 3 h post-feeding on d 21 for PUN analysis. Indwelling pH loggers were used to measure ruminal pH (d 15 to 21) and grab fecal samples were collected from d 19 to 21 to determine total-tract nutrient digestibility. Statistical analysis was conducted using PROC MIXED in SAS. There was no treatment effect (P ≥ 0.13) on ruminal NH3-N and PUN concentrations, ruminal pH, and nutrient (DM, OM, NDF, ADF and CP) intake and apparent total tract digestibility. In conclusion, feeding CLN to finishing heifers had no effect on measures of N utilization, ruminal pH and nutrient intake and apparent total-tract digestibility.
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Mishchenko, Oksana, Inna Kyrychenko, Tetiana Gontova, Kateryna Kalko e Karyna Hordiei. "Research on the phenolic profile, antiradical and anti-inflammatory activity of a thick hydroalcoholic feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L.) herb extract". ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, n.º 5 (39) (31 de outubro de 2022): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2022.266400.
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The aim – to study the phenolic complex of a thick hydroalcoholic extract of the feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium (L.) herb (FTHAE), its antiradical activity and anti-inflammatory properties in a model of carrageenan and histamine oedema.
Materials and methods. The studied extract was obtained from the Tanacetum parthenium herb, collected in Sumy and Poltava regions of Ukraine during the period of mass flowering (June-August): degree of grinding of raw materials 2.0-3.0 mm, extraction temperature - 25 °C, extractant – 70 % ethanol, raw material/extractant ratio – 1:12, infusion time – 12 hours, multiplicity of extractions – 3. HPLC and spectrophotometric methods were used to determine the composition and amount of phenolic compounds of FTHAE. HPLC analysis was performed using a “Waters e2695 Alliance system” (Waters, Milford, MA, USA) with a photodiode array detector “Waters 2998” according to the HPLC–PDA method for phenolic compounds. The scavenging of ABTSA radical cation evaluated the radical scavenging activity. In addition, the anti-inflammatory properties of FTHAE were studied on carrageenan and histamine paw oedema in rats. Anti-inflammatory activity (AIA) was evaluated as the ability to reduce oedema compared to the control pathology. FTHAE was used at a dose of 50 mg/kg.
The results. The content of the sum of hydroxycinnamic acids in the obtained extract was determined by spectrophotometry, which was 13.92±0.02 % and the content of the sum of flavonoids – 5.16±0.03 %. The content of 12 compounds with a total amount of 72432.09µg/g was identified and determined by HPLC. The dominant compounds were hydroxycinnamic acids, namely 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic and сhlorogenic acids. The antiradical activity of the extract was 620.19±4.53µmol/g. On the model of carrageenan oedema, the maximum effect of oedema suppression was 71.0-73.2 %. In the model of histamine oedema, the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract was 57.8; 51.8; and 49.1 % for 30 minutes, 1 and 1.5 hours of oedema, respectively. The severity of the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract during the first hour is not inferior to the diclofenac sodium, quercetin and loratadine.
Conclusions. Due to the HPLC method, 12 compounds were determined to cause antiradical activity, among which chlorogenic acid and rutin were identified.
The studied extract has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, which is due to the antiradical properties of the extract and its inhibitory effect on inflammatory mediators
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Flanagan, Emily, Jasper Most, Kristen Boyle, Leanne Redman e Abby Altazan. "A Role for the Pregravid Maternal Milieu in the Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity". Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (junho de 2021): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab046_040.
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Abstract Objectives Maternal obesity increases the risk for adverse pregnancy and offspring outcomes; however, with large heterogeneity. We hypothesize that in mothers with obesity, the heterogeneity of offspring adiposity is due to prolonged exposure to excess maternal substrates, namely glucose and triglycerides, which promote fetal fat accretion. The aims of this prospective observational study were to 1) examine the maternal metabolic milieu in pregnant women with metabolically unhealthy obesity, MUO and metabolically healthy obesity, MHO; and 2) identify if these maternal metabolic phenotypes in women with obesity influence infant adiposity. Methods During early pregnancy, 51 women with obesity were classified to have MUO (n = 9) or MHO (n = 13) based on the presence of zero (MHO) or ≥ 2 (MUO) risk factors for metabolic syndrome (SBP > 130 or DBP > 85, HDL < 50 mg/dL, LDL ≥ 100 mg/dL, triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL, and glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL). Area under the pregnancy concentration curve (AUC) for glucose and triglycerides, gestational weight gain (GWG), fat accretion, and energy intake and expenditure from early (13–16 wks), mid (24–27 wks) to late (35–37 wks) pregnancy and infant fat mass were compared between groups. Results Compared to women with MHO, women with MUO were not different with respect to maternal BMI, GWG, fat accretion, energy and macronutrient intake, and energy expenditure. In both groups, maternal substrates changed similarly from ∼13 to ∼37 weeks of pregnancy, however MUO resulted in greater pregnancy AUC for glucose (+2169.7 ± 381.5 p < 0.001 mg/dL · day) and triglycerides (+12,210.5 ± 3916.1 mg/dL · day, p < 0.001). The offspring of women with MHO had significantly lower birth weight (−620.8 ± 204.6 g, p = 0.01), body fat percentage (−5.8 ± 2.1%, p = 0.02), and total fat mass (−268.8 ± 88.4 g, p = 0.01). Conclusions Differing obesity phenotypes in pregnancy may explain the heterogeneity of offspring adiposity. Metabolically unhealthy obesity resulted in a more prolonged exposure of fetal fat promoting substrates and increased adiposity at birth. This study identifies a population of women with obesity most in need of prenatal interventions and suggests that obesity phenotypes need to be considered when evaluating intervention effect on offspring outcomes. Funding Sources R01DK099175.
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Martínez-López, D., D. Prieto-Peña, L. Sanchez-Bilbao, A. Herrero-Morant, C. Álvarez-Reguera, M. Trigueros-Vazquez, M. A. González-Gay e R. Blanco. "AB0688 SEVERITY OF COVID-19 INFECTION IN RHEUMATIC IMMUNE-MEDIATEDINFLAMMATORY DISEASES. STUDY IN A SINGLE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (19 de maio de 2021): 1377.1–1377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3012.
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Background:Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) may have a global increased risk of infections due to the disease itself, and/or immunosuppressive therapy. The severity and characteristics of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic IMID (R-IMID) remain unknown.Objectives:To analyze the severity of COVID-19 infection in R-IMID.Methods:Cross-sectional study in a single University Hospital. We included all consecutive patients with a diagnosis of a R-IMID and a positive test for COVID-19 up to November 6th, 2020. Confirmed infection was defined if the patient had a positive nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2.Medical records of 11,199 patients with COVID-19 in our region, and 6891 with R-IMID from our hospital were reviewed.COVID-19 case severity was divided into mild, moderate, severe and critical according to the United States National Institute of Health (NIH) COVID-19 guidelines (1). Mild/moderate COVID19 was compared with critical.Results:We included 147 patients (96 women/51 men), mean age 60±18 years. Most cases were mild to moderate (n=123, 83.7%), 30 of them (20.4%) were asymptomatic. The remaining patients presented severe (n=5, 3.4%) or critical (n=19, 12.9%) disease (Table 1). Fatal outcome occurred in 12 patients (8.2%).More frequent underlying R-IMID were Rheumatoid Arthritis (n=36; 24.5%), Psoriatic Arthritis (n=30; 20.4%), axial spondyloarthritis (n=24; 16.3%), conectivopathies (n=19; 12.9%), polymyalgia rheumatica (n=16; 10.9%) and vasculitis (n=9; 6.1%) (Figure 1).Main comorbidities were hypertension (n=65, 44.2%), dyslipidemia (n=64, 43.5%), age higher than 65 years old (n=55, 37.4%), obesity (n=35, 23.8%), coronary vascular disease (CVD) (n=27, 18.4%) and diabetes mellitus (n=22, 15%).Comorbidities and R-IMID associated with critical disease (p<0.05) were hypertension, age higher than 65 years,CVD and Polymyalgia Rheumatica. Critical compared with mild/moderate disease showed significantly higher levels of creatinine and D-dimer, and lower level of lymphocytes and platelets (Table 1) and received more frequently systemic glucocorticoids. Tocilizumab and Anakinra were used only in critical patients, 2 cases each.Conclusion:Although most cases are mild, COVID-19 can be a severe life threatening disease in patients with R-IMID. Hypertension, older age, CVD and polymyalgia rheumatica were associated with critical disease.References:[1]COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment Guidelines. National Institutes of Health. Available at https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/.Table 1.Clinical severity of 147 with R-IMID diagnosed with COVID-19, (analytical findings and Immunosuppressants are at COVID diagnosis)OverallN= 147Mild/ModerateN= 123SevereN= 5CriticalN= 19Mild/moderate vs critical;pAnalytical findings (mean±SD)Creatinine (mg/dl)1.04±1.141.27±0.651.18±0.471.35±0.610.001*Platelets (x103 /µL)206 ±93226 ± 95154 ±87159 ±620.01*Lymphocytes (x103 /µL)1.11±0.651.27±0.650.8±0.290.71±0.50.001*D-Dimer (ng/mL)1162±1356915±986782±4831947±20240.026*Immunosuppressants, n(%)Oral GC38 (25.9)32 (26)05 (26.3)0.8HCQ25 (17)23 (18.7)02 (10.5)0.58MTX/ Other cDMARDs27 (18.4)/19 (13)26 (21.1)/18 (14.6)0/ 0)1 (5.3/1 (5.3)0.18/0.45TNF inhibitors13 (8.8)12 (9.8)1 (20)00.33RTX5 (3.4)2 (1.6)1 (20)2 (10.5)0.15Other bDMARDs13 (8.8)10 (8.1)1 (20)2 (10.5)0.28JAKINIB3 (2)3 (2.4)000.87COVID-19 therapy, n (%)No treatment94 (64)88 (71.5)1 (20)5 (26.3)0.0003*HCQ37 (25.2)25 (20.3)4 (80)8 (42.1)0.07Systemic GC17 (11.6)8 (6.5)1 (20)8 (42.1)0.00001*Antivirals20 (13.6)13 (10.6)07 (36.8)0.07Anti IL1/IL6 agents4 (2.7)004 (21.1)0.00001*GC: Glucocorticoids, HCQ: Hydroxychloroquine, MTX: Methotrexate, RTX: Rituximab* P < 0.05Figure 1.Severity of COVID-19 according to underlying R-IMID. Data are number of casesGCA: Giant cell arteritis, PsA: Psoriatic arthritis, RA: Rheumatoid arthritis, SLE: Systemic lupus erythematosus, SpA: Axial spondyloarthritis, SSc: Systemic scleroderma.Disclosure of Interests:David Martínez-López: None declared, Diana Prieto-Peña Grant/research support from: UCB Pharma, Roche, Sanofi, Pfizer, Abbvie and Lilly, Lara Sanchez-Bilbao: None declared, Alba Herrero-Morant: None declared, Carmen Álvarez-Reguera: None declared, Martin Trigueros-Vazquez: None declared, Miguel A González-Gay Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, MSD, Consultant of: Abbvie, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, MSD, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, MSD, Janssen and Roche., Ricardo Blanco Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Pfizer, Roche, Bristol-Myers, Janssen, Lilly and MSD, Consultant of: Abbvie, Pfizer, Roche, Bristol-Myers, Janssen, Lilly and MSD, Grant/research support from: Abvie, MSD and Roche
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Gupta, Ranju, Sirisha Perumandla, Yelena Patsiornik, Selva Niranjan e Anju Ohri. "Incidence of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders." Blood 106, n.º 11 (16 de novembro de 2005): 4935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.4935.4935.
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Abstract Background: Increased incidence of cardiac involvement and pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been reported in patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD). Most studies are small and retrospective except one where majority of the patient had essential thrombocytosis (ET). Method: We conducted a study to assess the incidence of PH in patients with CMPD. Patients were excluded if they had secondary cause of PH. Diagnosis of PH was established if right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and Doppler study was ≥ 35 mmHg. 27 patients with diagnosis of CMPD established by standard criterion were included in the study. 9 patients had ET, 14 had polycythemia vera (PV) and 3 had chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Results: Diagnosis of PH was established in 14/27 patients. 2 patients were excluded form analysis because of poor ejection fraction on TTE, 1 with PV and 1 with CML, giving final diagnosis of PH in 12/25 (48%) patients. 9 patients were males and 16 were females. Mean age at diagnosis in the entire cohort was 56.2 years and that with and without PH was 54.5 vs. 57.7 years respectively. Mean duration of follow up was 8.7 years and that with and without PH was 7.8 vs. 9.9 years respectively. 7/9 ET, 5/14 PV AND 0/2 CML patients had PH, mostly of mild to moderate severity. All patients were asymptomatic at the time of their last visit within last 2 months. The results are depicted in the table 1. There was no relation of PH to duration of disease, platelet count and hematocrit at diagnosis or during follow up period for the entire group or specific diagnosis of ET or PV. Because of erratic and variable duration of aspirin use by individual patients, we could not determine its significance. Discussion: The results of our study are similar to the study reported by Garypidou et al with regard to ET. However they had only 2 patients with PV and both of them had no evidence of PH. In our study 5/14 PV (36%) patients had PH, indicating PV patients also have significant risk of having PH. Pathogenesis of PH can be reliably related to CMPD because: Cases of secondary PH were excluded TTE excluded cardiac causes of PH Incidence of primary PH is very low (0.2cases/100,000) and usually occurs in 3rd or 4th decade. Moreover autopsy studies have demonstrated the presence of atypical megakaryocytes and thrombotic material in the lung capillaries of pulmonary hypertension patients and CMPD. Increased level of thrombopoietin also has been demonstrated in pulmonary artery of patients with PH. Thus platelets are implicated in pathogenesis of PH in patients with CMPD. Since PH seems to be common in patients with CMPD, more studies are needed to study the long-term impact of PH on survival in these patients. Impact of therapy including platelet lowering agents and ASA on development and progression of PH also needs to be studied. Table 1 CMPD Total No (%) MeanAge at Dx(yrs) Duration of Ds(yrs) Mean Plt at Dx(k/muL) Mean Plt at fu(k/muL) Mean Hct at Dx(%) Mean Hct at fu(%) Dx-diagnosis, Ds-disease, yrs-years, Plt-platelet, fu-follow up, Hct-hematocrit, PH-pulmonary hypertension, +-present, − absent ET PH + 7/9(77.8) 56.3 7.2 877.7 488.6 41.1 36.7 ET PH − 2/9(22.2) 65.0 8.0 698.0 492.0 45.3 40.0 PV PH + 5/14(35.7) 52.0 10 528.8 320.4 53.9 43.2 PV PH − 9/14(64.3) 58.7 10.6 511.9 316.8 58.9 41.9 CML PH − 2/2 46.5 4.0 620.5 387.5 36.9 36.2
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Hodjat, Parsa, Kankana Ghosh, Priyanka Priyanka, Beenu Thakral, Keyur P. Patel, Mark Routbort, Rashmi Kanagal-Shamana et al. "Mutation Analysis in 276 Cases of Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia By Next Generation Sequencing: Association with Established Prognostic Variables and MRC Risk Groups". Blood 126, n.º 23 (3 de dezembro de 2015): 1392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.1392.1392.
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Abstract INTRODUCTION Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is known to have numerous genomic aberrations that predict response to treatment and overall survival. We aimed to assess various mutations in newly diagnosed AML cases by next generation sequencing (NGS) and their association with various well-established clinicopathologic parameters and Medical Research Council (MRC) risk groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed molecular studies on DNA extracted from bone marrow aspirate specimens in 276 newly diagnosed treatment na•ve AML patients presenting at a single referral institution from 08/2013 to 03/2015 as part of routine clinical work up in a CLIA certified molecular diagnostics laboratory. Cases met criteria for AML per WHO 2008 criteria. The entire coding sequences of 28 genes (ABL1, ASXL1, BRAF, DNMT3A, EGFR, EZH2, FLT3, GATA1, GATA2, HRAS, IDH1, IDH2, IKZF2, JAK2, KIT, KRAS, MDM2, MLL, MPL, MYD88, NOTCH1, NPM1, NRAS, PTPN11, RUNX1, TET2, TP53, WT1) were sequenced using a NGS-based custom-designed assay using TruSeq chemistry on Illumina MiSeq platform. FLT3 internal tandem duplications (ITD) and codon 835/836 point mutation were detected by PCR followed by capillary electrophoresis. CEBPA mutation analysis was performed on 262 patients by PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Cases were categorized as favorable, intermediate and adverse groups as per revised MRC cytogenetic risk group classification. RESULTS Median age was 67 years. Patients included 167 (60.5%) males and 109 (39.5%) females. 38 (14%) and 6 (2%) patients had prior diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome and myeloproliferative neoplasms respectively. Hematologic parameters are as follows [median (range)]: Hb 8.7 g/dL (2.8-13.9), platelets 50.5 K/μ L (1-1109), WBC 5.4 K/μ L (0.4-620.4), ANC 0.9 K/μ L (0-145.7), AMC 0.3 K/μ L (0-98.1). Bone marrow (BM) blast % [median (range)] was 45.5% (5-96). LDH was 733 IU/dL (225-13156). Of 275 patients with cytogenetic analysis performed, 98 (35.64%) had diploid karyotype, 75 (27.27%) had one, 38 (13.82%) had two, 8 (2.91%) had three, 56 (20.36%) had > three abnormalities, 75 (27.27%) had monosomies and 62 (22.55%) had trisomies. Of 34 cases classified as AML with recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities per WHO 2008, 10 (3.64%) had t(8;21), 13 (4.73%) had inv(16), 1 (0.36%) had t(15;17), 3 (1.09%) had inv (3), 4 (1.45%) had t(9;11)(p22;q23) and 3 (1.09%) had t(6;9)(p23;q34). MRC risk categorization of the cases was as follows: favorable 24 (8.72%), intermediate 161 (58.55%) and adverse 90 (32.73%). Mutations identified by NGS are as detailed in Table 1. Of 56 patients with FLT3 mutations detected by PCR, the breakdown is as follows: FLT3 ITD (39, 14.13%), FLT3 D835 (16, 5.80%), FLT3, ITD + D835 (1, 0.36%). Of 262 patients assessed, CEBPA mutation was detected in 26 (9.92%). Thirty one (11.23%) cases had no mutations detected in the genes analyzed by NGS or PCR, 93 (33.70%) had mutations in one, 80 (28.98%) in two, 42 (15.22%) in three and 30 (10.87%) in > three genes. We found positive associations between mutated genes and various parameters as detailed in Table 2. CONCLUSIONS: AML is a heterogeneous group of myeloid neoplasms at the genetic level. Multiple genetic mutations in a large subset of cases likely indicate clonal evolution. A subset of mutations has significant association with well-established clinico-pathologic parameters like WBC. With longer follow-up, we could use this data to refine prognostic models for AML. Table 1. Genes Number of Cases Percentage of Cases FLT3 61 22.10 NPM1 48 17.39 NRAS 48 17.39 DNMT3A 47 17.03 TP53 45 16.30 IDH2 40 14.49 IDH1 33 11.96 TET2 32 11.59 ASXL1 30 10.87 RUNX1 30 10.87 PTPN11 13 4.71 KRAS 11 3.99 KIT 8 2.90 WT1 8 2.90 GATA2 7 2.54 EZH2 6 2.17 JAK2 4 1.45 MPL 2 0.72 ABL1 1 0.36 EGFR 1 0.36 GATA1 1 0.36 IKZF2 1 0.36 MDM2 1 0.36 MLL 1 0.36 MYD88 1 0.36 NOTCH1 1 0.36 Table 1. Mutated genes p value Hb NRAS, NPM1 <0.05, <0.04 Platelets TP53, IDH2 <0.03, <0.02 WBC FLT3, NRAS, TP53 <0.05, <0.05, <0.05 AMC NRAS, NPM1, TP53 <0.001, <0.02, <0.02 ABC FLT3 NPM1 <0.049, <0.02 PB blast % FLT3, NPM1, TP53, CEBPA <0.000, <0.002, <0.005, <0.000 BM blast % FLT3, NRAS, NPM1, TP53, IDH1, CEBPA >0.000, <0.0000, <0.014, <0.004, <0.002, <0.012 AMC: absolute monocyte count, ABC: absolute basophil count, PB: peripheral blood, BM: bone marrow Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Faria, O. A. C., L. R. O. Dias, L. Leme, G. Fernandes, A. A. G. Fidelis, L. G. B. Siqueira e J. H. M. Viana. "101 Effects of Active Immunization Against GnRH in Oocyte Donors with Cystic Ovarian Disease". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 30, n.º 1 (2018): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv30n1ab101.
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Cows intensively used as oocyte donors for in vitro embryo production (IVEP) are usually kept nonpregnant for prolonged intervals, exposed to successive hormonal treatments, and frequently become overweight. These are all risk factors for the development of endocrine unbalance and, consequently, cystic ovarian disease (COD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of active immunization against gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on (1) ovarian follicular population, and (2) development potential of oocytes used for IVEP. Nelore (Bos indicus) cows (n = 14), previously diagnosed with chronic COD (Faria et al. 2017 Anim. Reprod., in press), weighing 620.0 ± 12.8 kg and with body condition score of 4.1 ± 0.2, were assigned to control (n = 6) or treatment (n = 8) group. Cows in the treatment group received 2 SC injections of 1.0 mL of anti-GnRH vaccine (Bopriva, Zoetis, Brazil), 28 days apart (weeks 0 and 4), whereas cows in the control group received placebo on the same schedule. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed weekly from week 0 to evaluate the number and distribution of follicles among size classes, endometrial thickness, and clinical presence of mucometra. Immunization was considered effective (E-IM) when no follicles ≥5.0 mm were observed on the ovaries during a given examination. Cows having E-IM were then used as oocyte donors for IVEP. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were collected in 5 consecutive ovum pick-up weekly sessions. As a control for IVEP, oocytes from a slaughterhouse were used, with similar procedures performed on the same days and using the same semen batch. The MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) with repeated-measures statement was used to evaluate the effects of treatment, time, and interactions on ovarian endpoints; and the GLM procedure was used to analyse embryo production data. Results are shown as mean ± SEM. There were time and time × treatment effects on ovarian parameters. Treated cows had a decrease (P < 0.05) in the average diameter of the largest follicle and in the number of follicles ≥8 mm, and an increase (P < 0.05) in follicular population after week 6. Nonetheless, individual response to treatment was variable: only 50% of the cows (4 of 8) were E-IM at week 8, whereas 25% (2 of 8) still had COD (largest follicle ≥18.0 mm) at this timepoint. Overall, a negative correlation was detected between follicular population and the diameter of the largest follicle (r = –0.60, P < 0.0001) or the number of follicles ≥8 mm (r = –0.47, P < 0.0001). There was no effect (P > 0.05) of treatment on endometrial thickness or mucometra score. Cows with E-IM produced 22.2 ± 3.6 total and 12.9 ± 2.3 viable COC. Cleavage rate did not differ between E-IM and control (slaughterhouse) oocytes (70.8 ± 7.0 v. 75.1 ± 3.0%, respectively; P > 0.05); however, blastocyst rate was greater in the E-IM group compared with controls (39.7 ± 5.5 v. 20.5 ± 4.7%, respectively; P < 0.02). In summary, our results suggest that active immunization against GnRH leads to variable results in the distribution of the follicular population in cows with COD, but it does not negatively affect IVEP efficiency. This research was supported by Zoetis, CNPq, and CAPES.
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Schwarzbich, Mark-Alexander, Lehners Nicola, Katharina Schmidt, Christine Falk, Anthony D. Ho, Peter Dreger e Thomas Luft. "High VEGF Serum Levels on Days +50 and +100 after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Predict Severe Chronic GvHD". Blood 124, n.º 21 (6 de dezembro de 2014): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1163.1163.
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Abstract Introduction Severe chronic graft versus host disease (cGvHD) is one of the main complications following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) and a major contributor to late treatment-related morbidity and mortality. The symptoms of the condition mimic autoimmune diseases like scleroderma, Sjögren syndrome, primary biliary cirrhosis, wasting syndrome or bronchiolitis obliterans. The pathogenesis of GVHD is still poorly understood. However, increasing evidence suggests that endothelial injury and angiogenesis are involved. Chronic GvHD associates with a rarefaction of microvessels in the affected tissue. (Tichelli A. et al. 2008).We therefore hypothesized that VEGF serum levels could be used to predict occurrence of chronic GvHD. Methods Written informed consent to sample and data collection in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki was obtained from 394 patients undergoing SCT between 2002-2011 at our institution. Blood serum samples were obtained on day 0, day 50 and day 100 following transplantation. Concentrations of VEGF were quantified in patient sera by the multiplex protein array technology (Luminex) according to the manufacturer's instructions for protein multiplexing (Bio-Rad). The occurrence of mild and severe cGvHD was evaluated retrospectively by chart review using the NIH Consensus criteria in chronic Graft versus Host Disease (Filipovic et al., 2005). A score of 3 in the clinical scoring of organ systems suggested in the consensus criteria was considered severe cGvHD. In cGvHD of the lung a score of 2 and higher was considered severe. Isolated elevations of bilirubin or liver enzymes were only considered cGvHD if confirmed by histopathology. Time to onset of mild and/or severe cGvHD and organ systems involved were recorded. All statistical calculations were performed using SPSS19. The rates of mild and severe cGvHD were plotted using cumulative incidence analysis of cause-specific hazards and compared in various groups using log rank test. Results The median age of patients was 52 years (17 - 70). 242 patients (61%) were male and 152 (39%) were female. Patients were suffering from a broad range of underlying diseases (SAA 5, ALL 42, AML 119, Amyloidosis 1, CLL 29, other B-NHL 52, T-NHL 12, CML 15, other MPS 19, MDS 32, HD 5, MM 61, sarcoma 2). 148 (38%) patients had a matched family donor (MFD), 156 (40%) had a matched unrelated donor (MUD), 90 (23%) had a mismatched unrelated donor (MMUD). 308 (78%) patients received myeloablative conditioning (MAC), 86 (22%) received reduced intensity conditioning (RIC). 281 (71%) patients received ATG, 113 (29%) did not receive ATG. 166 patients (42%) developed mild cGvHD and 75 (19%) developed severe cGvHD. 24 (6%) patients developed sclerodermatous changes or fasciitis, 17 (4%) developed severe lung cGvHD and 26 (7%) developed severe gastrointestinal GvHD. The median time of onset of severe cGvHD was 11.18 months (1.4- 88.9). Median serum concentrations of VEGF on days +50 and +100 in those patients developing severe cGvHD were markedly elevated as compared to those patients developing no or only mild cGvHD: i) d+50: no cGvHD 119.5 (4.3-1577.5) pg/ml, mild cGvHD 113,8 (9.1-620.7) pg/ml, severe cGvHD 158.11 (22.5-415.3) pg/ml; p=0.044). ii) d+100: no cGvHD 107.8 (7.8-753.3) pg/l, mild cGvHD 95.4 (15.5-561.9) pg/ml, severe cGvHD 158.1 (20.2-607.2) pg/ml, p=0.048). Moreover, VEGF levels on days +50 and +100 in those patients developing severe lung GvHD, sclerodermatous lesions or severe gastrointestinal GvHD were found to be elevated (Figure 1). High serum concentrations of VEGF did not correlate with acute GvHD of any grade or steroid refractory acute GvHD. Serum concentrations of VEGF >150 pg/ml on day +100 after allogeneic stem cell transplantation were associated with a 2.1 fold higher rate of severe cGvHD (p=0.001). Conclusions These results suggest that VEGF serum levels on day +50 and day +100 after allogeneic stem cell transplantation may be useful for early prediction of severe cGvHD. One explanation for prognostic VEGF elevations occurring long before onset of clinical cGVHD could be that endothelial cell alterations are involved in the pathogenesis of severe cGvHD which develop early but become only relevant after tapering immunosuppression Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Lysie Libardi Lira Machado, K., S. T. Miyamoto, A. P. Neves Burian, L. H. Dias, F. Z. Pretti, D. Cristina Filgueira Alves Batista, J. Geraldo Mill et al. "POS0271 HETEROLOGOUS COVID-19 BOOSTER VACCINATION PRODUCED GREATER ANTIBODY TITERS IN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE PATIENTS: DATA FROM MULTICENTRIC PROSPECTIVE PHASE IV SAFER STUDY". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (30 de maio de 2023): 374.1–374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.3985.
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BackgroundThe ChAdOx1, Coronavac, BNT162B2 and Janssen vaccines are available for the primary and booster immunization of immunosuppressed patients. However, there are few studies in the literature that assess the immunogenicity and safety of the different platforms COVID-19 vaccines in patients with autoimmune diseases (AID).ObjectivesThe present study aims to evaluate the immunogenicity through anti-spike IgG antibodies 28 days after the booster dose in the heterologous boost groups compared with homologous regimen of the vaccine against COVID-19 in patients with AID.MethodsThese data are from SAFER study: “Safety and efficacy on Covid-19 Vaccine in Rheumatic Disease”, a multicentric prospective phase IV study, in real life, in Brazil, started on May 2021. Data from this analysis were from 8 centers, from all Brazilian areas, after 2 or 3 doses of vaccine against COVID-19 in patients with AID age ≥ 18 years. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, previous severe adverse events (AE) to any vaccine or other imunosuppression causes. Demographics, diagnoses and therapeutic regimens were collected via participant report through the Research Electronic Data Capture tool. Available vaccines were adenoviral vectored vaccine (ChAdOx1, Astrazeneca and Ad26.COV2-S, Janssen), mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2, Pfizer–BioNTech) or inactivated SARS-COV-2 vaccine (Coronavac). Participants were followed up by means of blood collection for measurement of IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain by chemiluminescence (SARS-CoV-2-IgG-II Quant assay, Abbott-Laboratories) at baseline and 28 days after the first, 2nd and 3rd doses. The seropositivity was defined for titers IgG-Spike ≥7.1 BAU/mL. The ANOVA, the post-hoc Tukey and pairwise comparisons tests were used to compare the IgG-S titles between the groups. An alpha level of 5% significance was used in all analyses.ResultsA total of 1096 participants were included and followed from the first dose. 709 patients AID received the complete 3-dose regimen: systemic lupus erythematosus (N=238, 33.6%), rheumatoid arthritis (N=143, 20.2%), spondyloarthritis (N=96, 13.5%), primary Sjögren’s syndrome (N=56, 7.9),), inflammatory bowel disease (N=50, 7,1%), vasculitis (N=31, 4.4%), systemic sclerosis (N=25, 3.5%), Behçet syndrome (N= 19, 2.7%) myositis (N= 12, 1.7%), other systemic AID (N= 39, 5.5%). Mean age was 41.59 (12.2), female N=556, (78.4%) and admixed race (N=370, 52.2%). Primary immunization was performed with Coronavac in 265 (37.4%), ChAdOx1 in 403 (56.8%) and Pfizer in 41 (5.8%) AID patients. After the 2nd dose (28 days), the booster was performed with Coronavac (N=10, 1.4%), ChAdOx1 (N=226, 31.9%), Pfizer (N=464, 65.4%) and Janssen (N=9, 1.3%). Anti-spike IgG antibodies were analyzed in the 657 patients who received the three doses. All patients had a substantial increase in IgG antibody concentrations 28dy after the booster vaccine with median 275.9 BAU/ml (88.8 - 1000.9) vs. 1217.2 (402.3 - 3213.7) booster vaccine. All heterologous regimens (N=515) had anti-spike IgG responses at day 28 that were superior to homologous booster (N=194) with median titers 1596.5 (543.9-3769.4) vs. 620.3 BAU/mL (180.3-1987.0), p<0.001 (figure 1). The seropositivity rates were higher and similar in both groups (Heterologous 98.4% vs. Homologous 95.9%, p=0.07).ConclusionAll vaccines administered as third dose induced an increase in IgG-S titers antibodies, which could improve protection against COVID-19 in AID patients. Heterologous booster vaccination produced greater humoral immune responses than homologous booster, which is relevant in this immunosuppressed population.Reference[1]Machado PM et al. Safety of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: results from the EULAR Coronavirus Vaccine (COVAX) physician-reported registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(5):695- 709.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Buteyn, Nathaniel J., Connor Burke, Eve Gardner, Vincent J. Sartori, Rhonda E. Ries, Todd A. Alonzo, Soheil Meshinchi e Timothy Triche. "Reclassification of ETS Family Transcription Factor Fusions in Pediatric AML Based on Molecular Drivers". Blood 142, Supplement 1 (28 de novembro de 2023): 4298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-189474.
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Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (pAML) patients with a fusion involving an E26 transformation-specific (ETS) transcription factor have traditionally been considered high-risk. The most common fusions include ETV6::MNX1 t(7;12)(q36;p13) and FUS::ERG t(16;21)(p11;q22), yet primary fusion alone has proven incapable of predicting response to treatment. Indeed, within the 60 pAML patients with ETS fusions from the Children's Oncology Group (COG) trials AAML0531 and AAML1031, there were 25 unique fusions and diverse outcomes between patients who did share a primary fusion. A molecular based reclassification of ETS fused pAML could prove beneficial in the development of novel therapeutic additions to standard induction. Here, using genetic and RNAseq data from over 1,400 pediatric patients from AAML0531 and AAML1031, we reclassified ETS patients based on oncogenic transcriptional profiles as well as access to hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) ( Figure 1A). (19/60) patients presented with an enhanced MYC transcriptional signature (p-val < 0.00) independent of fusion partners [EP300::ETV6, ETV6::CCND3, ETV6::FAM133B, ETV6::FOXO1, ETV6::INO80D, ETV6::LMBR1, ETV6::MNX1, EWSR1::FEV, FLI1::IFIT2, FUS::ERG, FUS::FEV, FUS::FLI1]. Median event-free survival (EFS) was 293.5 days; median overall survival (OS) was 620.5 days. Notably, 100% (19/19) of patients with a MYC-driven signature relapsed; of the six patients who received HCST, five died within 3 years of diagnosis. Preliminary in vitro data in ETS cell lines with an enhanced MYC transcriptional signature (YNH-1, TSU-1621) suggests that the BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 may dampen MYC and induce anti-proliferative effects. (7/60) patients were defined by an EZH2-driven “immune-cold” signature characterized by global loss of immune receptors. Patients presented at diagnosis with significantly elevated EZH2 and low levels of MHC I and II receptors typically observed at relapse; additionally, there was significant downregulation in T cell and natural killer cell ligands and a 100% failure rate for HSCT. Median EFS was 255 days and median OS was 339 days. We have previously discussed the mechanism of leukemogenesis as well as proposed therapeutic interventions for this subset (Buteyn, ASH 2021). (34/60) patients did not possess either a MYC-driven or EZH2-driven signature. These “other” ETS were instead defined by whether or not the patient underwent HCST. (21/34) patients did not receive HCST and had median EFS and OS of 429 and 1194 days, respectively. The relapsed or refractory rate in this population was still 75%; (8/14) of R/R patients were deceased within three years. The remaining (13/60) ETS patients did receive HSCT in first remission. (11/13) are still alive and at a rate higher than the general pAML population post-HSCT (62.6%). Despite a survival rate at approximately 85%, ‘Other ETS +HSCT’ patients were all still categorized as ‘High Risk’ at the end of AAML1031. Overall, reclassification based on molecular drivers appears to not only be more accurate in predicting relapse and final outcome, but also in proposing novel agents for pAML patients who overwhelmingly do not respond to standard regimens. Reinvigoration of immune recognition by inhibition of EZH2 and/or inhibition of MYC-driven proliferation via BET inhibitors may prove an essential step in setting the stage for successful HSCT for a significant portion of pAML ETS patients.
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Eisfeld, Ann-Kathrin, Mark Westerman, Rainer Krahl, Sabine Leiblein, Uwe Gerd Liebert, Marianne Hehme, Dietger Niederwieser e Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali. "Elevated Serum Hepcidin in Patients with AML Prior to and After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Does Not Correlate with Transfusional Body Iron, HFE Genotype or Graft Versus Host Disease and May Protect From Excessive Parenchymal Iron Loading." Blood 114, n.º 22 (20 de novembro de 2009): 4047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.4047.4047.
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Abstract Abstract 4047 Poster Board III-982 Hepcidin (hep), a 25-amino-acid peptide, is the central regulator of iron homeostasis. Its transcription is upregulated by inflammatory cytokines and iron and is downregulated by iron deficiency, ineffective erythropoiesis, and hypoxia. Also HFE gene mutations are associated with less liver hepcidin messenger RNA. Both inherited (HFE genotype) and treatment-related factors influencing hep expression in patients (pts) with AML prior to and after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) as blood transfusions (BT), body iron and anemia were studied. The impact of chemotherapy, conditioning regimen, and Graft versus Host Disease (GvHD) on serum hep was analysed. Patients and methods 42 consecutive pts (23 male/19 female, median age 57 [range:18-70] years) with AML who underwent allogeneic HCT from February, 2008 - February, 2009 at the University of Leipzig were included. Each patient was assessed 10 days prior to and at a median of 3 (range: 3-5) months after HCT. Donors were matched related in 8 (19%) and matched unrelated (MUD) in 34 (81%) pts. Preparative regimen consisted of 12 Gy TBI/cyclophosphamid 120 mg/kg (ATG was included for unrelated HCT) in 13 (31%) and fludarabin 30 mg/m2/day for 3 days/2 Gy TBI) in 29 (69%) pts. Acute GvHD > grade II was present in 13 (31%) and chronic GvHD in 17 (40%) pts. HFE genotype prior to and after HCT was assessed by PCR technique. Body iron was assessed by serum ferritin (sf) (normal values < 400ng/mL). Serum hep was measured by hepcidin C-ELISA at Intrinsic LifeSciences LLC, La Jolla, CA.(normal values: male 29-254 ng/mL, female: 17-286 ng/mL). Hep levels of 21 age-and gender-matched healthy volunteers (6 m/15 f, median age 57 years) were used as a control. Results Median serum hep was much higher in pts both prior to [median 358 (range:56-1096) ng/ml] and after HCT [median 398 (range:172-941) ng/ml] compared with the control group [median 52 (range:8.3-131) ng/ml] (p<0.0001). Age and gender had no influence on hep values. Similarly, liver function, interval between diagnosis and HCT, number of chemotherapies, conditioning regimen, antibiotic- or antifungal-treatments had no impact on hep level. Iron overload was already seen in all pts prior to HCT with a median sf of 1945 (range: 617-6981) ng/mL after a median number of 22 units BT. Although after HCT the number of BT mounted to a median of 30 units (p<0.0001), sf with a median of 2260 ng/mL remained elevated comparable to the level prior to HCT. Lower hep levels significantly correlated with fewer BT (p=0.001), but surprisingly not with sf values. Hep correlated inversely with the degree of anemia (p=0.002). Mutations in the HFE gene were found in 19 (46%) pts prior to HCT (heterozygosity (het) for H63D, n=11, het C282Y, n=3, het S65C, n=1, and homozygosity (homo) for H63D, n=4) and in 15 (37.5%) pts after HCT reflecting donor genotype (het for H63D,n=12, het C282Y, n=1, compound-het, n=1). Mutations in the HFE gene were not associated with lower hep levels. After HCT, 19 (45%) pts showed a decline in hep level of 155 (range: 394.8-9.5) ng/ml and 23 (55%) pts had an increase in hep levels of 138 (range: 43.3- 620.9) ng/ml compared with pre-transplantaion levels. None of the above mentioned parameters could predict or correlate with these changes in serum hep. Iron overload prior to HCT strongly correlated with later extensive chronic GvHD (p=0.003) and tended to correlate with limited GvHD (p=0.06). On the other hand, hep levels at any time point did not correlate with acute or later chronic GvHD. Conclusions Serum hepcidin is highly elevated in pts with AML prior to as well as after allogeneic HCT compared with healthy controls mainly because of frequent blood transfusions leading to elevated iron stores. This suggests that hepcidin synthesis and upregulation remain intact despite intensive chemotherapy and HCT. Hepcidin normally binds to ferroportin, leading to intracellular retention of iron in macrophages and to a reduction of extracellular serum iron. This may explain why serum hepcidin correlates with blood transfusions but not with serum ferritin values. Actually, overexpression of hepcidin may play an important protective role in this setting as it may prevent an increased ferroportin-mediated iron export from macrophages thereby reducing the severity of parenchymal iron loading and damage. Disclosures: Westerman: INTRINSIC LIFESCIENCES LLC: Consultancy, Employment, Equity Ownership. Hehme:Novartis: Employment. Niederwieser:Novartis: Speakers Bureau. Al-Ali:Novartis: Research Funding.
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Kumar, Vijaya Buddhiraju, Mark Franko, William A. Banks, Susan A. Farr e John E. Morley. "Presenilin 1 (PS1) levels may indirectly affect amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and impair memory". FASEB Journal 22, S1 (março de 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.620.1.
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Bonema, Sarah, Emma Ann Wabel, Schuylar Brunink e Maria Burnatowaska‐Hledin. "Confirmation and Effects of VACM‐1/Cul5 Gene Knockout in T47D Breast Cancer Cells and HUVEC Cells Using CRISPR‐Cas9 Approach". FASEB Journal 33, S1 (abril de 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.620.1.
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da Silva, Frederico Alisson, Nickolas Nguyen e Ajit Varki. "Lectin‐Like Properties of Human Antibodies Against the Red Meat‐derived Antigen N‐Glycolylneuraminic Acid: A Mitogenic Factor Promoting Carcinoma Growth". FASEB Journal 30, S1 (abril de 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.620.1.
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Considerable epidemiological data has shown that human susceptibility to various carcinomas (particularly colorectal cancer) is strongly impacted by diet, especially by the consumption of red meat (foods of mammalian origin). There are many proposed mechanisms for the cancer‐promoting effects of red meat including generation of mutagens by grilling or addition of nitrates, and free‐radical generation by heme iron. However, the grilling and nitrate addition factors also apply to poultry and fish (which are not associated with cancer risk), and the heme iron theory is not conclusively proven. Also unexplained is the fact that other carnivores do not seem to share this red meat related risk. Our group has recently discovered a novel human‐specific mechanism involving the consumption of a non‐human sialic acid N‐glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), which is enriched in red meats. We have reported that despite the fact that humans are genetically unable to produce Neu5Gc, this molecule can be metabolically incorporated and expressed on the cell surface glycans of human carcinomas after dietary intake. Such Neu5Gc containing glycans interact with circulating anti‐Neu5Gc antibodies, leading to an inflammatory response (xenosialitis), which can increase tumor incidence in human‐like Neu5Gc‐deficient mice that have circulating anti‐Neu5Gc antibodies. These antibodies naturally exist at variable concentrations in all humans. Since anti‐Neu5Gc antibodies can interact with any cell surface glycans containing Neu5Gc, we considered the possibility that these antibodies may also have lectin‐like activity by cross‐linking multiple surface molecules, with pleiotropic effects on cell signaling during interaction with tumor cells expressing Neu5Gc. To test this hypothesis, human colorectal cell lines were fed with Neu5Gc and incubated with human serum samples containing high levels of anti‐Neu5Gc antibodies. We observed that incubation of colorectal cells with the serum samples led to surface deposition of anti‐Neu5Gc IgG and IgM antibodies and complement in Neu5Gc‐fed but not in unfed cells. The antibody and complement deposition induced cross‐linking of cell surface glycoproteins like Muc‐1 and increased phosphorylation of S6 ribosomal protein. Corroborating these findings, our preliminary data suggests that anti‐Neu5Gc antibodies have mitogenic properties that can promote proliferation of colorectal cancer cells expressing Neu5Gc, via a mechanism similar to that of growth factors. Our results show for the first time the lectin‐like activity of human anti‐Neu5Gc antibodies as a mechanism for the promotion of carcinoma growth associated with red meat consumption.Support or Funding InformationProgram Science Without Borders ‐ Conselho Nacional de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (Capes) BEX‐9254‐13‐7‐ Brazil to FAS and NIH R01GM32373 to AV.
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"Assessment of the amount of inputted energy and discharged greenhouse gasses from wheat cultivation in Ardabil province of Iran". Water and Environmental Sustainability 1, n.º 3 (30 de setembro de 2021): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52293/wes.1.3.2028.
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Abstract: preventing greenhouse gasses discharge and proper environment maintenance is crucial for human race. For a sustained agricultural development, managing energy consumption and greenhouse gasses discharge (GHG) is important in all agricultural agroecosystem. This study aims to compare wheat cultivation in irrigated and dryland wheat production using energy usage-based greenhouse gas discharge in diverse climatic areas. Throughout 2019, a face-to-face questionary was used to obtain data from wheat cultivators. The total energy usage according to gathered data are 14975 and 54963.9 MJ ha−1 for dryland and irrigated wheat production. In dryland wheat production, energy consumption efficiency was 16% higher compared to energy consumption efficiency of irrigated wheat production. The total amount of GHG for dryland wheat production was 370.5 kg CO2-eq t−1 and 520.62 kg CO2-eq ha−1 and for irrigated wheat production, total GHG was 620.8 kg CO2-eq t−1 and 2986.71 kg CO2-eq ha−1. The order of GHG from low to high in dryland wheat production was chemical fertilizers, machinery, and diesel fuels. In order to reduce the GHG and its environmental effect, efficient energy consumption is vital in wheat production.
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Khrbeet, H. K. "INFLUENCE OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF ZINC ON SEED YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN SOME ALFALFA VARIETIES". IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 49, n.º 3 (1 de dezembro de 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v49i3.103.
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This study was carried out at the experimental farm College of Agriculture; Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad, Iraq during from end of march 2014 to mid of August 2015. The main objective was to find out the effect of zinc concentration (0, 30, 60 and 90) mg.L-1 on seed yield and its components of four alfalfa varieties (Local, Hamaddan, Vernal and Lodi). Layout of the experiment was R.C.B.D arranged within split –plots with three replications. Zinc concentration were used as main plot, while varieties were used as sub-plot. Results, showed that foliar application of zinc at concentration more than 30 mg.L-1 (60 and 90 mg.L-1) resulted in a significant increment in the No. of ovules floret-1, No. of seed pod-1, No. of stems m-2, No. of racemes stem-1, No. of pods raceme-1 and seed yield. Kg.ha-1 in contrast, percent of ovules abortion was significantly reduced, while 1000 seed weight was not significantly influenced by Zinc concentrations. Highest seed yield (535.0 Kg.ha-1) was obtained when Zinc added at level 60 mg.L-1. Local var. produces higher No. of ovules floret-1, No. of seed pod-1, No. of stem.m-2, and No. of racemes stem-1 and it was significantly different than other varieties except var. Hamddan. Increasing of all these traits resulted in increasing of seed yield in local var. (532.5 Kg.ha-1. There was high positive correlation between seed yield and each of seed set, No. of stem. m-2 and No. of pods raceme-1 (+ 0.75**, +0.66** and 0.78**) respectively. This result may be indicating that these traits could be used as good selection criteria for breeding and improving seed yield in alfalfa varieties. highest seed yield (620.2 Kg.ha-1) can be obtained by seeding local variety. and spray the stands with Zinc at concentration 60 mg.L-1.
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Wang, Ru, Zhongkai Wu, Chuang Yu, Chaochao Wei, Linfeng Peng, Liping Wang, Shijie Cheng e Jia Xie. "Low temperature ensures FeS2 cathode a superior cycling stability in Li7P3S11-based all-solid-state lithium batteries". Frontiers in Energy Research 10 (4 de janeiro de 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2022.1108789.
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All-solid-state lithium sulfide batteries exhibit great potential as next-generation energy storage devices due to their low cost and high energy density. However, the poor conductivity of the solid electrolytes and the low electronic conductivity of sulfur limit their development. In this work, the highly conductive Li7P3S11 glass-ceramic solid electrolyte with room temperature conductivity of 1.27 mS cm−1 is synthesized and combined with the FeS2 cathode and Li-In anode to fabricate FeS2/Li7P3S11/Li-In all-solid-state Li-S battery. The assembled battery delivers high initial discharge capacities of 620.8, 866.4 mAh g−1, and 364.8 mAh g−1 at 0.1C under room temperature, 60°C and 0°C, respectively. It shows a discharge capacity of 284.8 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 52.4% after 80 cycles at room temperature. When the operating temperature rises to 60°C, this battery suffers a fast decay of capacity in 40 cycles. However, this battery sustains a high discharge capacity of 256.6 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 87.9% after 100 cycles under 0°C, smaller volume expansion of ASSBs at 0°C keep the solid/solid contact between the electrolyte particles, thus resulting in better electrochemical performances. EIS and in situ pressure characterizations further verify that the differences of electrochemical performances are associated with the volume variations caused by the temperature effects. This work provides a guideline for designing all-solid-state Li-S which is workable in a wide temperature range.
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Cao, Ye, Qian Wu, Shixian Lian e Li Deng. "Lymphocytes Infiltration and Expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in Colorectal Cancer Between HIV-Infected and Non-HIV-Infected Patients: A Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study". Frontiers in Oncology 12 (2 de março de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.827596.
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BackgroundTumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) are crucial for antitumor immunity. However, the status remains undetermined in HIV-infected colorectal cancer (CRC), limiting the use of immunotherapy in HIV-infected CRC patients.MethodsWe examined 27 HIV-infected patients and 120 non-HIV-infected patients with CRC from 2015-2020 at Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center. After matching the propensity score, 13 paired patients in the two groups were also compared. The expression of PD-1/PD-L1 as well as tumor-infiltrating CD4, CD8, and CD56 immune cells was examined using multiplex immunofluorescent analysis. The cell density for positive staining was calculated (cells/mm2) and compared between HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected groups. In addition, the co-expression of PD-1 on immune cells and PD-L1 on tumor cells was compared in these two groups.ResultsThe mean densities of tumor-infiltrating CD4, CD8, CD56 immune cells were 620.2, 261.2, and 0.2 cells/mm2, respectively, in HIV-infected colorectal tumors compared with 698.6, 243, and 14 cells/mm2 in non-HIV-infected tumors. PD-1 expression was 227 cells/mm2 in HIV-infected tumors and 365.2 cells/mm2 in non-HIV-infected tumors. Besides, PD-L1 expression was 108.5 cells/mm2 in HIV-infected tumors and 126.8 cells/mm2 in non-HIV-infected tumors, and no significant difference was found between the two groups. Similarly, there were no significant differences in the expression of PD-1 on TILs and PD-L1 on tumor cells.ConclusionHIV-infected CRC patients had similar tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD4 and CD8 T cells) compared to non-HIV-infected controls and substantially similar PD-1 expression on TILs and PD-L1 expression on tumors. These results support the inclusion of HIV-infected CRC patients in future immunotherapy trials.
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SINGH, PUSHPA, BRAJESH SHAHI e K. M. SINGH. "Pulses Production in Bihar: An Overview of Constraints and Opportunities". Journal of AgriSearch 3, n.º 3 (13 de setembro de 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.21921/jas.v3i3.11381.
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Traditionally pulses have been considered important elements of cropping systems in Bihar, but with the introduction of irrigation and high profitability of alternative sources of soil nutrients in the form of inorganic fertilizers in 1960s, pulses were replaced or relegated to marginal lands and were substituted by high- yielding varieties of rice and wheat. Bihar ranks 9th in terms of production with a contribution of 0.52 million tons to the national pulse pool but shares only 7.06 per cent of total area under food grains, with productivity ranging between 819 kg/ha in 2000-01 to 897 kg/ha in 2013-14. There has been an incessant decline in pulses area, production and productivity during last three and half decades accounting for about 437.24 thousand hectares, 428.93 thousand tons and 981 kg ha-1 respectively in 2014 - 15 against the corresponding figures of 717.2 thousand hectares, 620.7 thousand tons and 865 kg ha-1 in 2000-01, registering a compound annual decline of -2.5 percent in area and -0.41 percent in production but productivity increased by 2.15 percent per annum. Lentil is only crop which has performed well in Bihar whereas area and production of most of the major pulses have gone down. About 2.2 million ha of rice fallows in Bihar, are most suitable for pulses cultivation. Also there are some indigenous practices like broadcasting pulses like moong, urad, and lathyrus in standing rice crop 7-10 days before harvest making full use of available moisture in the field can be promoted for converting mono-cropped areas into double cropped ones can help increase pulse production. There is also an urgent need to popularize this system by developing varieties suitable for relay cropping and standardization of this agrotechnology. The paper examines the current production and productivity scenario along with various factors affecting their performance both biotic and abiotic stresses. It also advocates the various strategies to improve the production and productivity by overcoming these constraints, in the state.
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Cherevko, O., V. Mykhaylov, A. Zahorulko, A. Zahorulko e A. Borysova. "COLOR CHARACTERISTICS OF DRIED THREE-COMPONENT FRUIT AND BERRY PASTES". Food Science and Technology 12, n.º 1 (10 de abril de 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/fst.v12i1.840.
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Color characteristics of compositions of three-component fruit and berry pastes before and after infrared drying are determined. The compositions were prepared on the basis of apples, cranberries, and hawthorn with increased nutrition value and therapeutic and prophylactic properties, according to the suggested recipe. The ratio of the components in the first composition is 60 : 30 : 10, in the second, 65 : 25 : 10, and in the third, 55 : 40 : 5. The resulting compositions were controlled by the control (apple paste). To dry the compositions obtained, it is proposed to use a roller IR dryer based on a flexible resistive film electric heater of emitting type. The prepared paste compositions are reddish-orange according to the color characteristics determined. Color characteristics of dried three-component fruit and berry pastes are also determined. The wavelength of composition 1 is 498 nm, and those of compositions 2 and 3 are 620.5 and 589.4 nm, respectively. The first composition is bluish-purple, with tone purity 34.7 %. Composition 2 is red (34.8 %), composition 3 is bluish-red (34.6 %). The comparison of the color characteristics of compositions of three-component fruit and berry pastes before and after infrared drying as for the brightness and tone purity of the samples indicates a slight change in brightness within 2—6 %. Reduction of the color purity to almost a half is due to the drying shrinkage of the mass of raw materials and obtaining a visual color of the compositions that is attractive for a consumer. According to the results of expert evaluation of the quality indices of dried three-component fruit and berry paste compositions, a certain advantage is determined of the dried composition with the following ratio of components in the recipe: apple, cranberry, hawthorn — 60 : 30 : 10 (composition 1). The suggested compositions of dried three-component fruit and berry paste are recommended for use in food rations as an independent product, as well as for manufacturing flour products, soft drinks and spirits, confectionery and bakery products.
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Grins, Edgars, Marzia Leacche, Nabin Manandhar Shrestha, Henrik Bjursten, Per Ederoth e Stefan Jovinge. "Interleukin-10: A Potential Pre-Cannulation Marker for Development of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Receiving Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation". Blood Purification, 16 de agosto de 2023, 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000531328.
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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients treated with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is associated with high mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate whether cytokine levels before the initiation of ECMO treatment could predict AKI. We also aimed to investigate the impact of AKI on 30-day and 1-year mortality. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Serum cytokine levels were analyzed in 100 consecutive VA-ECMO-treated patients at pre-cannulation, at 48 h post-cannulation, and at 8 days. Clinical data to establish the incidence and outcome of AKI after the start of ECMO was retrieved from the local ECMO registry. <b><i>Setting:</i></b> The study was conducted at tertiary care, university hospital. Participants included 100 patients treated with VA-ECMO. <b><i>Interventions:</i></b> The blood samples for cytokine analysis were collected before VA-ECMO treatment, at 48 h after VA-ECMO treatment was started, and at 8 days. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Pre-cannulation serum IL-10 levels were significantly higher in patients who developed AKI (212 [38.9, 620.7]) versus those who did not (49.0 [11.9, 102.2]; <i>p</i> = 0.007), and the development of AKI can be predicted by pre-cannulation IL-10 levels (<i>p</i> = 0.025, OR = 1.2 [1.02–1.32]). The development of AKI during ECMO treatment is associated with increased 30-day mortality (<i>p</i> = 0.049) compared to patients who did not develop AKI and had a pre-cannulation estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 45 mL/min. The 1-year survival rate for patients with AKI who survived the first 30 days of ECMO treatment is comparable to that of patients without AKI. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Increased pre-cannulation IL-10 levels are associated with the development of AKI during VA-ECMO support. AKI is associated with increased 30-day mortality compared to patients with no AKI and better renal function. However, patients with AKI who survive the first 30 days have a 1-year survival rate similar to those without AKI.
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Briongos Figuero, S., A. Estevez Paniagua, A. Sanchez Hernandez, E. Gomez, S. Jimenez, D. Vaqueriza Cubillo, A. Cortes Beringola e R. Munoz-Aguilera. "AV synchronous pacing in patients implanted with leadless pacemakers: a real-world cohort study". EP Europace 24, Supplement_1 (18 de maio de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euac053.422.
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Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Backgroung Leadless pacemakers (LPM) were developed to overcome complications related to endovenous devices. Devices carrying an accelerometer-based atrial sensing algorithm provided good AV synchrony in a 5-hours study. Methods Prospective study of patients implanted with LPM capable of AV synchronous pacing at our institution. We performed a close follow-up consisting of device check-ups 24 h after the implant and 1-3-6-12 months later. Changes in programming were guided by device counters and rate histograms. Once AV synchrony derived from counters (AM-VP + AM-VS) remained stable for at least two consecutive months, a 24 hours Holter monitoring was performed. ECG recordings were automatically and blindly analyzed with a delineation system based on the wavelet transform developed by Martinez et al.1 Cardiac cycles were defined as synchronous if a ventricular event followed the P-wave by ≤300 ms. AV synchrony was calculated by dividing the number of synchronous cycles by the total number of cardiac cycles. Our aim was to describe AV synchrony in a real-world setting and to determine which echocardiographic and programming parameters were related to optimal AV synchrony (≥85% of total cardiac cycles). Results A total of 18 patients (12 males, mean age 82.6 ±8.1) were included. Indications for pacing were complete AV block (n=10) and second-degree AV block (n=8). Device reprogramming was needed in all patients at follow-up. The 24 h Holter monitoring was performed 118.8±43.8 days after the implant. Implant data and, device settings and programming at Holter date is displayed in Table 1. One patient was excluded from the analysis due to the development of severe sinus node disease. Total ECG recorded time was 386.8 hours and 1,537,995 cardiac cycles were analyzed. Median AV synchrony, after Holter monitoring analysis, was 88.2% (interquartile range 79.9-95,1%) and 12 out of 17 patients showed an AV synchrony ≥85% of cardiac cycles. Optimal AV synchrony was related to smaller right atrium size (13.2±3.4 cm2 vs 15.6±1.2 cm2 for AV synchrony ≥85 and <85%, respectively) but no association appeared between diastolic parameters (E, A, E/A ratio, E´, A´) and AV synchrony. Rate smoothing algorithm was associated with higher rates of optimal AV synchrony (81.8% of patients with algorithm OFF vs 50% of patients activated). Besides, higher A3 threshold (7.1±3.5 m/s2 vs 4.2 ± 1.1 m/s2) and longer A3 window (620.8±25.7 ms vs 600 ms for AV synchrony ≥85% and <85%, respectively) were also linked to optimal AV synchrony. Multivariate analysis did not show any independent predictor of AV synchrony. Conclusions In our cohort of LPM patients we obtained high percentages of AV synchronous pacing in a real-life setting. Device reprogramming was often needed, and larger studies are desirable to confirm our data.
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Zhao, Zhijiao, Xuebing Zhao, Yaxing Feng, Xaofeng Zhu, Yuanyuan Wang, Xiaoyu Liu, Haiyan Fan, Lijie Chen e Yuxi Duan. "First report of southern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, infecting Isatis indigotica Fortune in Anhui Province, China". Plant Disease, 8 de setembro de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-21-1005-pdn.
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Isatis indigotica Fortune, widely cultivated in China, is an important Chinese herbal medicine, mainly used to treat cold and fever. In October 2020, galls (Fig. 1), as many as 65 per root, were observed on the roots of I. indigotica in Taihe, Anhui Province, China (117°21'19.5"N, 32°57'59.5"E), and samples were taken. The infected plants were weak, and the leaves are wilting. Second-stage juveniles (J2s) were dissected from the egg masses released by females. Excretory pores of females were located nearby median bulb (Fig. 2A). The dorsal arch of the perineal pattern (n = 10) of the female was elliptical, and the dorsal arch was relatively high with smooth to wavy lines (Fig. 2B). Morphometrics of females (n=10): body length (L) = 595.5 ± 24.0 (570.0-620.5) μm, body width (W)= 350.5 ± 30.0 (320.0-390.5) μm, stylet length = 13.6 ± 0.7 (12.1-15.4) μm (Fig. 2A), and the distance from dorsal esophageal gland orifice to base of stylet (DGO) = 3.5 ± 0.2 (2.8-4.0) μm (Fig. 2B). J2s (n = 20) had the following characteristics: L = 383.2 ± 12.5 (337-430) μm (Fig. 2C), a = 22.0 ± 1.1 (20.3-24.4) μm, c = 8.4 ± 0.5 (7.5-10.5) μm, stylet length = 12.4 ± 1.5 (10.1-14.6) μm, DGO = 2.9 ± 0.6 (2.0-3.6) μm (Fig. 2D), tail length = 39.5 ±3.4 (32.0-48.5) μm and hyaline tail terminus = 10.5 ± 0.5 (9.5-11.2) μm (Fig.1E). There were four lines on the lateral field of J2s (Fig. 2F). Females and J2s obtained from galls had uniform morphological and molecular characteristics were confirmed to be Meloidogyne incognita. Live J2s were detected in all soil samples with a mean of 120 ± 15 J2s/100 ml of soil. Five 4-week-old I. indigotica plantlets, grown in pots (500cm3) with sterilized soil were inoculated with 1000 J2s from egg masses per pot and5 non-inoculated pots were used as control. Plants were well maintained under 25 ± 3°C in the greenhouse. Three plants were gently removed from the pots 30 days after inoculation, and an average of 50 galls per root was observed on the roots, and the resulting nematode reproduction factors (RF = final egg density ÷ 1,000, initial egg density) of 3.2, suggested that I. indigotica is a good host for M. incognita (Mojtahedi, 1988). There were no significant differences in main measurements and morphological characteristics between the Taihe population of M. incognita and that represented in "CIH descriptions of plant-parasitic nematodes" (Orton Williams, 1973). DNA was extracted from 5 single J2s, and ITS and 18S rDNA gene was amplified using the primer pair 18S/26S and 18s1.2a/18sr2b (Bernard et al. 2010; Vrain et al. 1992). The sequence of 18S rDNA (MW875892) was submitted to GenBank. Comparisons showed a sequence identity of greater than 99.8% for Meloidogyne incognita (MF177719.1). The rDNA sequences of M. incognita, M. hapla, M. javanica and M. arenaria are so homologous that rDNA-based differentiation is difficult. The SCAR primers can successfully distinguish M. incognita, M. hapla, M. javanica and M. arenaria. Five species-specific primer sets (Finc/Rinc; MORF-F/MTHIS-R; Jmv-F/Jmv-R; Far/Rar and Fjav/Rjav, Stanton et al. 1997; Wishart et al. 2002; Zijlstra et al. 2000) were used to species-specifically distinguish within the genus. The results (＋, ＋, －, －, －) proved that the Taihe population belonging to M. incognita. To our knowledge, this is the first report of M. incognita parasitizing I. indigotica. This finding may be important to medicinal plant industry, since M. incognita is one of the most harmful nematode pests in the world and would cause severe damage to I. indigotica.