Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "5G wireless gateway"

<p class="0abstract">Internetworking of different types of networks is envisaged as one of the primary objectives of the future 5G networks. Integrated Internet-MANET is a heterogeneous networking architecture which is the result of interconnecting wired Internet and wireless MANET. Multiprotocol gateways are used to achieve this interconnection. There are two types of Integrated Internet-MANET architectures, two-tier and three-tier. A combination of two-tier and three tier architectures also exists, called the Hybrid Framework or Hybrid Integrated Internet-MANET. Some of the most important issues common to all Integrated Internet-MANET architecture are: efficient gateway discovery, mobile node registration and gateway load balancing. Adaptive WLB-AODV is an existing protocol which addresses the issues of Gateway load balancing and efficient Gateway discovery. In this paper, an improvement is proposed to Adaptive WLB-AODV, called Adaptive Modified-WLV-AODV by taking into account route latency. The proposed protocol has been implemented in Hybrid Integrated Internet-MANET and has been simulated using network simulation tool ns-2. Based on the simulation results, it is observed that the proposed protocol delivers better performance than the existing protocol in terms of performance metrics end-to-end delay and packet loss ratio. The performance of the proposed protocol is further optimized using a genetic algorithm.</p>

In the realm of smart buildings, the convergence of Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G technology has unlocked unprecedented opportunities for enhanced building management, efficiency, and sustainability. This project endeavors to harness the potential of IoT sensors and actuators, including LDR, DHT, gas and smoke sensors, PIR, HVAC, lights, servo motors, buzzers, and displays, integrated with Arduino Nano microcontrollers. These microcontrollers serve as end nodes, orchestrating sensor data collection and actuator control. The data collected is transmitted to a gateway device, an ESP32 microcontroller, which interfaces with a wireless Wi-Fi router for connectivity. Leveraging the ThingSpeak platform, the gateway transmits data to the cloud, facilitating real-time monitoring and analysis. This system promises to revolutionize building management by enabling remote monitoring, predictive maintenance, energy optimization, and enhanced occupant comfort and safety. Through rigorous testing and optimization, this project aims to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of IoT and 5G technology integration in empowering future building infrastructures. Keywords— Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC),Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), (Digital Humidity and Temperature(DHT)

With the emergence of small cell networks and fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks, the backhaul becomes increasingly complex. This study addresses the problem of how a central SDN orchestrator can flexibly share the total backhaul capacity of the various wireless operators among their gateways and radio nodes (e.g., LTE enhanced Node Bs or Wi-Fi access points). In order to address this backhaul resource allocation problem, we introduce a novel backhaul optimization methodology in the context of the recently proposed LayBack SDN backhaul architecture. In particular, we explore the decomposition of the central optimization problem into a layered dual decomposition model that matches the architectural layers of the LayBack backhaul architecture. In order to promote scalability and responsiveness, we employ different timescales, i.e., fast timescales at the radio nodes and slower timescales in the higher LayBack layers that are closer to the central SDN orchestrator. We numerically evaluate the scalable layered optimization for a specific case of the LayBack backhaul architecture with four layers, namely a radio node (eNB) layer, a gateway layer, an operator layer, and central coordination in an SDN orchestrator layer. The coordinated sharing of the total backhaul capacity among multiple operators lowers the queue lengths compared to the conventional backhaul without sharing among operators.

Millimeter wave (mm-Wave) technology is likely the key enabler of 5G and early 6G wireless systems. The high throughput, high capacity, and low latency that can be achieved, when mm-Waves are utilized, makes them the most promising backhaul as well as fronthaul solutions for the communication between small cells and base stations or between base stations and the gateway. Depending on the channel properties different communication systems (e.g., beamforming and MIMO) can accordingly offer the best solution. In this work, our goal is to design millimeter wave beamformers for switched beam phased arrays as hybrid beamforming stages. Specifically, three different analog beamforming techniques for the frequency range of 27–33 GHz are presented. First, a novel compact multilayer Blass matrix is proposed. Second, a modified dummy-ports free, highly efficient Rotman lens is introduced. Finally, a three-layer true-time-delay tree topology inspired by microwave photonics is presented.

Mobility, redundancy, and bandwidth requirements are transforming the communication models used for IoT, mainly in case of Critical Communications and multimedia streaming (“IoMT, Internet of Multimedia Things”), as wireless video traffic is expected to be 60–75% of the global mobile traffic by 2020. One of the characteristics of 5G networks will be the proliferation of different/heterogeneous radio networks (virtualized radio access networks, RAN, new energy-efficient radios, femtocells, and offloading capabilities) and the possibility for IoT objects to connect and load-balance between dual and multiple RANs. This paper focuses on the possibility of using LISP (Locator Identifier Separation Protocol) for multihoming and load-balancing purposes and presents an illustrative scenario for the case of mobile IoT (e.g., the “things” part of vehicular or public transportation systems, PTS) that are also intensive bandwidth consumers, like the case of connected multimedia “things.” We have implemented and tested a demonstrator of a mobile LISP IoT gateway that is also integrated with Cloud-based video analytics.

Fast Proxy Mobile IPv6 (FPMIPv6) is an extension of the PMIPv6 mobility management deployed as part of the next-generation internet protocol. It allows location-independent routing of IP datagrams, based on local mobility to IPv6 hosts without involvement of stations in the IP address signaling. A mobile node keeps its IP address constant as it moves from link to link, which avoids signaling overhead and latency associated with changing IP address. Even though local mobility requirements hold, it entails security threats such as Mobile Node, Mobile Access Gateway, as well as Local Mobility Anchor impersonation that go beyond those already exist in IPv6. As mobile station keeps moving across different serving networks, its IP remains constant during handover, and location privacy may not also be preserved. Moreover, homogeneous network dependence of PMIPv6 is one of the gaps, which FPMIPv6 could not mitigate. FPMIPv6 does not support heterogeneous network handover, for which numerous researchers have proposed Media Independent Handover (MIH) enabled FPMIPv6 schemes to allow fast handover among heterogeneous networks, but in the absence of security solutions. As a comprehensive solution, we propose a new handover authentication scheme and a key agreement protocol for the ‘MIH-enabled Network Only FPMIPv6’ model. As one of the basic requirements, mobility management should minimize signaling overhead, handover delay and power consumption of the mobile node. The proposed scheme improves wireless link overhead (mobile node overhead) by 6-86% as cell radius, wireless failure probability and number of hop vary. The security of the proposed scheme has also been analyzed under BAN logic and Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) tool and its performance has numerically been evaluated through a pre-determined performance matrix and found to be effective and preferably applicable compared with other schemes.

In future mobile networks, the evolution of optical transport architectures enabling the flexible, scalable interconnection of Baseband Units (BBUs) and Radio Units (RUs) with heterogeneous interfaces is a significant issue. In this paper, we propose a multi-technology hybrid transport architecture that comprises both analog and digital-Radio over Fiber (RoF) mobile network segments relying on a dynamically reconfigurable optical switching node. As a step forward, the integration of the discussed network layout into an existing mobile infrastructure is demonstrated, enabling the support of real-world services through both standard digital and Analog–Intermediate- Frequency over Fiber (A-IFoF)-based converged fiber–wireless paths. Emphasis has been placed on the implementation of a real-time A-IFoF transceiver that is employed through a single embedded fully programmable gateway array (FPGA)-based platform that serves as an Ethernet to Intermediate Frequency (IF) bridge for the transmission of legacy traffic over the analog network segment. The experimental evaluation of the proposed concept was based on the dynamic optical routing of the legacy Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), 1.5 GBaud analog-intermediate frequency-over-fiber (A-IFoF)/mmWave and 10 Gbps binary optical waveforms, showing acceptable error vector magnitude (EVM) values for the complex radio waveforms and error-free operation for binary optical streams, with Bit Error Rate (BER) values less than 10−9. Finally, the end-to-end proof-of-concept demonstration of the proposed solution was achieved through the delivery of 4K video streaming and Internet Protocol (IP) calls over a mobile core network.

Under the auspice of further developing 5G mobile communication technology and integrating it with the latest advancements in the field of Industrial Internet-of-Things, this study conducts in-depth research and detailed analysis on the combination of 5G with industrial systems based on composite structures, communication network architectures, wireless application scenarios, and communication protocols. The status quo, development trend, and necessity of 5G mobile communication technology are explored and its potential in industrial applications is analyzed. Based on the current practical development level of 5G technology, by considering different requirements for bandwidth, real-time performance, and reliability in communication networks of industrial systems, this study proposes three feasible paths for the integration between 5G and industrial systems, including the method to use 5G in place of field buses. Finally, by introducing real-world cases, this study has successfully demonstrated the integration of 5G and industrial systems by extending 5G terminals as field bus gateways. This study provides valuable references for research and practice in related fields.

L’évolution des standards de communication impose le besoin des architectures antennaires plus sophistiqués associés à des techniques de diversité d’antennes et de formation de faisceaux. Ce type d’antennes offre des nouvelles possibilités pour les applications sans fil en termes d’efficacité spectrale, de fiabilité des liens radio, de réduction de l’impact environnementale ainsi que l’accroissement des capacités des systèmes de communications. Cependant, les techniques conventionnelles de formation de faisceaux entraînent souvent une augmentation significative de la taille de l’antenne. Par conséquent, l’intégration de tel système dans des petits appareils sans fil est relativement limitée. Les réseaux d’antennes compactes et superdirectifs constituent une solution innovante et attrayante pour surmonter ces problèmes. Néanmoins, ils présentent nombreux inconvénients notamment une faible efficacité de rayonnement, un très faible gain et une bande passante très étroite. Ces inconvénients limitent l'utilité des réseaux superdirectifs pour répondre aux besoins des technologies sans fil de nouvelles générations. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons de nouvelles méthodes d’optimisation multi-objectif, basées sur la théorie des modes caractéristiques (NCM), la théorie du facteur de réseau ainsi que les réseaux de neurones artificiels (RNA) pour la conception et le développement de nouvelles architectures antennaires compactes, superdirectives, efficaces et large bande pour des applications 5G
The evolution of wireless communication impose the need for more sophisticated antenna architectures, combined with antenna diversity and beamforming techniques. This type of antenna offers new possibilities for wireless applications in terms of spectral efficiency, radio link reliability, reduced environmental impact and increased communications system capacity. However, conventional beamforming techniques often lead to a significant increase in antenna size. As a result, the integration of such systems into small wireless devices is relatively limited. Compact, superdirective antenna arrays offer an innovative and attractive solution for both beamforming needs and integration in small volumes. However, they exhibits multiple drawbacks, including low radiation efficiency, low gain and narrow bandwidth. These drawbacks limit the usefulness of superdirective arrays to meet the needs of new-generation wireless technologies. In this thesis, we propose new multi-objectives optimization methods, based on network characteristic mode theory (NCM), array factor theory as well as artificial neural networks (ANN), for the design and the development of new compact, superdirective, efficient and wideband antenna architectures for 5G applications

En la actualidad, la Internet de las Cosas (Internet of Things, IoT) es una tecnología esencial para la próxima generación de sistemas inalámbricos. La conectividad es la base de IoT, y el tipo de acceso requerido dependerá de la naturaleza de la aplicación. Uno de los principales facilitadores del entorno IoT es la comunicación machine-to-machine (M2M) y, en particular, su enorme potencial para ofrecer conectividad ubicua entre dispositivos inteligentes. Las redes celulares son la elección natural para las aplicaciones emergentes de IoT y M2M. Un desafío importante en las redes celulares es conseguir que la red sea capaz de manejar escenarios de acceso masivo en los que numerosos dispositivos utilizan comunicaciones M2M. Por otro lado, los sistemas celulares han experimentado un tremendo desarrollo en las últimas décadas: incorporan tecnología sofisticada y nuevos algoritmos para ofrecer una amplia gama de servicios. El modelado y análisis del rendimiento de estas redes multiservicio es también una tarea desafiante que podría requerir un gran esfuerzo computacional. Para abordar los desafíos anteriores, nos centramos en primer lugar en el diseño y la evaluación de las prestaciones de nuevos mecanismos de control de acceso para hacer frente a las comunicaciones masivas M2M en redes celulares. Posteriormente nos ocupamos de la evaluación de prestaciones de redes multiservicio y proponemos una nueva técnica analítica que ofrece precisión y eficiencia computacional. Nuestro principal objetivo es proporcionar soluciones para aliviar la congestión en la red de acceso radio cuando un gran número de dispositivos M2M intentan conectarse a la red. Consideramos los siguientes tipos de escenarios: (i) los dispositivos M2M se conectan directamente a las estaciones base celulares, y (ii) forman grupos y los datos se envían a concentradores de tráfico (gateways) que les proporcionan acceso a la infraestructura. En el primer escenario, dado que el número de dispositivos añadidos a la red aumenta continuamente, esta debería ser capaz de manejar el considerable incremento en las solicitudes de acceso. El 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) ha propuesto el access class barring (ACB) como una solución práctica para el control de congestión en la red de acceso radio y la red troncal. El ajuste correcto de los parámetros de ACB de acuerdo con la intensidad del tráfico es crítico, pero cómo hacerlo de forma dinámica y autónoma es un problema complejo cuya solución no está recogida en las especificaciones del 3GPP. Esta tesis doctoral contribuye al análisis del rendimiento y al diseño de nuevos algoritmos que implementen efectivamente este mecanismo, y así superar los desafíos introducidos por las comunicaciones masivas M2M. En el segundo escenario, dado que la heterogeneidad de los dispositivos IoT y las arquitecturas celulares basadas en hardware imponen desafíos aún mayores para permitir una comunicación flexible y eficiente en los sistemas inalámbricos 5G, esta tesis doctoral también contribuye al diseño de software-defined gateways (SD-GWs) en una nueva arquitectura propuesta para redes inalámbricas definidas por software que se denomina SoftAir. Esto permite manejar tanto un gran número de dispositivos como el volumen de datos que estarán vertiendo en la red. Otra contribución de esta tesis doctoral es la propuesta de una técnica novedosa para el análisis de prestaciones de redes multiservicio de alta capacidad que se basa en un nuevo enfoque del modelizado analítico de sistemas que operan a diferentes escalas temporales. Este enfoque utiliza el análisis del transitorio de una serie de subcadenas absorbentes y lo denominamos absorbing Markov chain approximation (AMCA). Nuestros resultados muestran que para un coste computacional dado, AMCA calcula los parámetros de prestaciones habituales de un sistema con mayor precisión, en comparación con los resultados obtenidos por otr
Nowadays, Internet of Things (IoT) is an essential technology for the upcoming generation of wireless systems. Connectivity is the foundation for IoT, and the type of access required will depend on the nature of the application. One of the leading facilitators of the IoT environment is machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, and particularly, its tremendous potential to offer ubiquitous connectivity among intelligent devices. Cellular networks are the natural choice for emerging IoT and M2M applications. A major challenge in cellular networks is to make the network capable of handling massive access scenarios in which myriad devices deploy M2M communications. On the other hand, cellular systems have seen a tremendous development in recent decades; they incorporate sophisticated technology and algorithms to offer a broad range of services. The modeling and performance analysis of these large multi-service networks is also a challenging task that might require high computational effort. To address the above challenges, we first concentrate on the design and performance evaluation of novel access control schemes to deal with massive M2M communications. Then, we focus on the performance evaluation of large multi-service networks and propose a novel analytical technique that features accuracy and computational efficiency. Our main objective is to provide solutions to ease the congestion in the radio access or core network when massive M2M devices try to connect to the network. We consider the following two types of scenarios: (i) massive M2M devices connect directly to cellular base stations, and (ii) they form clusters and the data is forwarded to gateways that provide them with access to the infrastructure. In the first scenario, as the number of devices added to the network is constantly increasing, the network should handle the considerable increment in access requests. Access class barring (ACB) is proposed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) as a practical congestion control solution in the radio access and core network. The proper tuning of the ACB parameters according to the traffic intensity is critical, but how to do so dynamically and autonomously is a challenging task that has not been specified. Thus, this dissertation contributes to the performance analysis and optimal design of novel algorithms to implement effectively this barring scheme and overcome the challenges introduced by massive M2M communications. In the second scenario, since the heterogeneity of IoT devices and the hardware-based cellular architectures impose even greater challenges to enable flexible and efficient communication in 5G wireless systems, this dissertation also contributes to the design of software-defined gateways (SD-GWs) in a new architecture proposed for wireless software-defined networks called SoftAir. The deployment of these SD-GWs represents an alternative solution aiming at handling both a vast number of devices and the volume of data they will be pouring into the network. Another contribution of this dissertation is to propose a novel technique for the performance analysis of large multi-service networks. The underlying complexity of the network, particularly concerning its size and the ample range of configuration options, makes the solution of the analytical models computationally costly. However, a typical characteristic of these networks is that they support multiple types of traffic flows operating at different time-scales. This time-scale separation can be exploited to reduce considerably the computational cost associated to determine the key performance indicators. Thus, we propose a novel analytical modeling approach based on the transient regime analysis, that we name absorbing Markov chain approximation (AMCA). For a given computational cost, AMCA finds common performance indicators with greater accuracy, when compared to the results obtained by other approximate methods proposed in the literature.
En l'actualitat, la Internet de les Coses (Internet of Things, IoT) és una tecnologia essencial per a la propera generació de sistemes sense fil. La connectivitat és la base d'IoT, i el tipus d'accés requerit dependrà de la naturalesa de l'aplicació. Un dels principals facilitadors de l'entorn IoT és la comunicació machine-to-machine (M2M) i, en particular, el seu enorme potencial per oferir connectivitat ubiqua entre dispositius intel · ligents. Les xarxes mòbils són l'elecció natural per a les aplicacions emergents de IoT i M2M. Un desafiament important en les xarxes mòbils que actualment está rebent molta atenció és aconseguir que la xarxa siga capaç de gestionar escenaris d'accés massiu en què una gran quantitat de dispositius utilitzen comunicacions M2M. D'altra banda, els sistemes mòbils han experimentat un gran desenvolupament en les últimes dècades: incorporen tecnologia sofisticada i nous algoritmes per oferir una àmplia gamma de serveis. El modelatge i análisi del rendiment d'aquestes xarxes multiservei és també un desafiament important que podria requerir un gran esforç computacional. Per abordar els desafiaments anteriors, en aquesta tesi doctoral ens centrem en primer lloc en el disseny i l'avaluació de les prestacions de nous mecanismes de control d'accés per fer front a les comunicacions massives M2M en xarxes cel · lulars. Posteriorment ens ocupem de l'avaluació de prestacions de xarxes multiservei i proposem una nova tècnica analítica que ofereix precisió i eficiència computacional. El nostre principal objectiu és proporcionar solucions per a alleujar la congestió a la xarxa d'accés ràdio quan un gran nombre de dispositius M2M intenten connectar-se a la xarxa. Considerem els dos tipus d'escenaris següents: (i) els dispositius M2M es connecten directament a les estacions base cel · lulars, i (ii) formen grups i les dades s'envien a concentradors de trànsit (gateways) que els proporcionen accés a la infraestructura. En el primer escenari, atès que el nombre de dispositius afegits a la xarxa augmenta contínuament, aquesta hauria de ser capaç de gestionar el considerable increment en les sol · licituds d'accés. El 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) ha proposat l'access class barring (ACB) com una solució pràctica per al control de congestió a la xarxa d'accès ràdio i la xarxa troncal. L'ajust correcte dels paràmetres d'ACB d'acord amb la intensitat del trànsit és crític, però com fer-ho de forma dinàmica i autònoma és un problema complex, la solució del qual no està recollida en les especificacions del 3GPP. Aquesta tesi doctoral contribueix a l'anàlisi del rendiment i al disseny de nous algoritmes que implementen efectivament aquest mecanisme, i així superar els desafiaments introduïts per les comunicacions massives M2M en les xarxes mòbils actuals i futures. En el segon escenari, atès que l'heterogeneïtat dels dispositius IoT i les arquitectures cel · lulars basades en hardware imposen desafiaments encara més grans per permetre una comunicació flexible i eficient en els sistemes sense fil 5G, aquesta tesi doctoral també contribueix al disseny de software-defined gateways (SD-GWS) en una nova arquitectura proposada per a xarxes sense fils definides per programari que s'anomena SoftAir. Això permet gestionar tant un gran nombre de dispositius com el volum de dades que estaran abocant a la xarxa. Una altra contribució d'aquesta tesi doctoral és la proposta d'una tècnica innovadora per a l'anàlisi de prestacions de xarxes multiservei d'alta capacitat que es basa en un nou enfocament del modelitzat analític de sistemes que operen a diferents escales temporals. Aquest enfocament utilitza l'anàlisi del transitori d'una sèrie de subcadenes absorbents i l'anomenem absorbing Markov chain Approximation (AMCA). Els nostres resultats mostren que per a un cost computacional donat, AMCA calcula els paràmetres de prestacions habituals d
Tello Oquendo, LP. (2018). Design and Performance Analysis of Access Control Mechanisms for Massive Machine-to-Machine Communications in Wireless Cellular Networks [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/107946
TESIS

5G Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) is an enabling technology in intelligent systems (IS) that may provide Ultra-HD (UHD) video streaming services with high Quality of Experience (QoE) in a small business use case setting. However, UHD streaming over 5G FWA is difficult in terms of latency and dependability due to numerous network factors. Due to this there may be multiple video players competing for network resources when streaming a UHD video. To date there has been very little work of 5G ‘last mile access’ streaming over bottleneck FWA Local Area Networks (LANs) under congested network conditions. The bottleneck link is the 5G FWA gateway. In these networks viewers may get sub-optimal QoE. Adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithms are used to select the near optimal bitrates during a streaming session. To obtain the QoE of viewers in 5G FWA bottleneck networks we study the performance of four DASH-based adaptive video streaming algorithms (MPC, BOLA, Oboe and Pensive). BOLA performs the best and Pensive the worst. However, BOLA’s overall performance is sub-optimal. This work supports the need for developing new ABR algorithms for the 5G FWA environment.

Low-power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN), as a wireless connection technology of the Internet of things, has met the requirements of power consumption of network providers and operators, network coverage and Internet of things equipment. As the main technology of LPWAN, Long Range (LoRa) has entered the stage of scale deployment. However, in the MAC protocol of LoRa, multiple end nodes send data to the gateway at the same time, which will cause serious collision problems. When data collision occurs, the gateway will no longer receive collision data, and the data packet needs to be retransmitted after a certain time. In order to solve this problem and improve the throughput of the whole system, this paper proposes to introduce the sparse code multiple access (SCMA) technology of 5G non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) into Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) architecture from the perspective of code domain. The theory and simulation results show that SCMA can effectively solve the problem of data collision and improve the system throughput.

This chapter gives an insight view of the evolving technologies related to the connected home experience using different enabling technologies such as RFID technology as an application of internet of things (IoT) for digitally connected-home facilities. IoT (internet of things), 5G, and the smart wireless network are pushing the real-world interface close to the digital world. Although the gateway of such interface is going to act as a DAC/ADC that is available in electronics designs, such developments are going to bring a better experience of the human-machine establishment by enabling the various technology towards the virtual world with reliable and seamless connectivity. The main purpose of the chapter is to give innovative ways of designing connected-home sensors as an application of IoT services. The IoT is destined to have a profound impact, well beyond the home environment. It will transform virtually all industries, from hospitality and retail to automotive, agriculture, and health sectors.

The economy of China grows rapidly due to the advent of wireless networks. The networks provide connection between nodes (sensors, gateways, systems, people, etc.) for data transmission and communication seamlessly. This is a crucial element to achieve sustainable economics. It is worth mentioning that wireless communication is the optimal solution compared with wired communication given the fact that China has a huge land area and the largest population in the world. Traditional wireless technologies like 4G, Bluetooth, ZigBee, ISA 100.11a, and WirelessHART have been well addressed in literature. In this chapter, the focus is moved to 5G, LoRa, IEEE 802.11 af, ah, ax, and ay. Selected applications health monitoring, toxic gas monitoring, connected target coverage problem, and mobile crowd sensing are discussed in detail. Geographic routing, wireless charging, and wireless coexistence are challenging issues that need to be addressed in the near future.

The economy of China grows rapidly due to the advent of wireless networks. The networks provide connection between nodes (sensors, gateways, systems, people, etc.) for data transmission and communication seamlessly. This is a crucial element to achieve sustainable economics. It is worth mentioning that wireless communication is the optimal solution compared with wired communication given the fact that China has a huge land area and the largest population in the world. Traditional wireless technologies like 4G, Bluetooth, ZigBee, ISA 100.11a, and WirelessHART have been well addressed in literature. In this chapter, the focus is moved to 5G, LoRa, IEEE 802.11 af, ah, ax, and ay. Selected applications health monitoring, toxic gas monitoring, connected target coverage problem, and mobile crowd sensing are discussed in detail. Geographic routing, wireless charging, and wireless coexistence are challenging issues that need to be addressed in the near future.