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Magana, Richard Elisha, Maya Melati, Heni Purnamawati e Etty Pratiwi. "Enrichment of Organic Manure with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Improved the Root and Shoot Growth of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench.)". Journal of Tropical Crop Science 7, n.º 03 (15 de outubro de 2020): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.7.03.137-147.
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A well-structured root system is essential to ensure optimal plant growth and yield. Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the root system of okra plant. These experiments were arranged with a completely randomized design. The first experiment was conducted in the growth chamber with 8 different bacterial isolates consisting of Methylobacterium sp., Bacillus sp., Bacillus methylotrophicus, Flavobacterium tirrenicum, Providencia stuartii, Azotobacter vinelandii, Methylocystis parvus and PGPR consortium. The second experiment was conducted in the greenhouse and examined the effects of four poultry manure rates, i.e. 0, 6, 12 and 18 ton ha-1, or equivalent to 0, 75, 150 and 225% of recommended rates and how these are altered with the presence or absence of PGPR. The results of the experiments showed that, PGPR significantly improved root architecture; the number and length of lateral roots was increased by 242.86% and 777.79% respectively, as well as the dry weight of the roots and shoots of okra plant by 236.36% and 333.33%, respectively. Moreover applying 150% (12 t.ha-1) of the recommended rate of poultry manure enriched with PGPR was found to be most effective in terms of improving the growth and root attributes of okra plants.
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Maryam, Maryam, Tosty Maylangi Sitorus, Hartami Dewi e Rizki Fadhillah Lubis. "ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY AND FINANCIAL VIABILITY OF HARD CANDY INNOVATION PRODUCTS WITH THE ADDITION OF GAMBIR CATECHINS (UNCARIA GAMBIR ROXB)". Andalasian International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Sciences (AIJANS) 3, n.º 01 (21 de março de 2022): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/aijans.v3.i01.26-36.2022.
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Developing hard candy as a functional food with antioxidants and antibacterial properties derived from natural ingredients will do. By analyzing the formulation of innovations and analysis of the financial viability of hard candy products with the addition of gambir catechins, it is expected to provide information to stakeholders related to the development of hard candy innovation products with the addition of gambir catechins (Uncaria gambir Roxb.). The results of the analysis of organoleptic tests, obtaining formulas 17, 8, 18, 4, 7 hard candy had the rating respondents liked very much (4-5). Then conduct a quality test based on SNI hard candy 3547.1:2008 on products that have the criteria of organoleptic test results. Results from SNI hard candy test 3547.1:2008, the product met the standard requirements of SNI 3547.1:2008 products. When compared to hard candy products on the market with an average selling price of around Rp. 333.33, the hard candy products in this study can compete, especially strawberry variants. On a production scale of at least, 10 kg of hard candy HPP can compete with other products, where the hard candy in this study has a high added value antioxidant and has antibacterial properties useful for the health of consumers.
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Bangari, Raghubeer S., e Niraj Sinha. "Synthesis of High Surface Area Boron Nitride Nanosheets for the Removal of Methylene Blue and Rhodamine B Dyes from Contaminated Water". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, n.º 10 (1 de outubro de 2020): 6222–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18864.
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In this study, we report the synthesis and characterization of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs), and their application as an adsorbent to remove the cationic dyes methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB) from contaminated water. The synthesized adsorbent was characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), field emission electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherm. Detailed experiments and analysis were performed on various molar ratios of boron and nitrogen precursors (1:5 to 1:48) to achieve maximize specific surface area of BNNSs. Among all, the samples synthesized with boric acid and urea (1:30) dissolved in water and methanol produced maximum specific surface area (1801.9 m2 g−1). Further, the adsorption study was performed in batches by investigating various adsorption parameters such as effect of pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and adsorption isotherm. The pH study revealed that optimum value was found to be at pH 8. It was found through the kinetic study that pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model was followed by the adsorbent during the adsorption of both the dyes. Further, the adsorption isotherm data well fitted with Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacities of MB and RhB were found to be 333.33 and 312.5 mg g−1, respectively. This demonstrates the potential of BNNSs as novel adsorbent for treatment of dye-contaminated water.
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Ghadiri, S., R. Nabizadeh, A. Mahvi, S. Nasseri, A. Mesdaghinia e S. Talebi. "Potential of granulated modified nanozeolites Y for MTBE removal from aqueous solutions: Kinetic and isotherm studies". Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 14, n.º 2 (1 de janeiro de 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10026-012-0063-8.
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Potential of granulated modified nanozeolites Y for MTBE removal from aqueous solutions: Kinetic and isotherm studies Adsorption of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) from aqueous solutions by granulated modified nanozeolites Y was investigated. Nanozeolite Y powders were converted into granulated zeolites and subsequently modified with two cationic surfactants (20 mmol/dm3), to be used as adsorbent. Granulated nanozeolites were characterized by BET surface area analysis, elemental analysis and X-ray diffractometer. -Hexade-cyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA-Cl) modified granulated zeolite had more effective performance than N-cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB) modified granulated zeolite. The most conventional adsorption isotherms and kinetic models were applied to describe MTBE adsorption and reaction dynamic, respectively. The equilibrium sorption data fitted the Langmuir 2 isotherm model and the kinetic study was followed the pseudo-second-order model. The maximum adsorption capacities for HDTMA-Cl modified zeolite and CPB modified granulated zeolite were 333.33 and 142.8 mg/g, respectively as calculated by the Langmuir model. This study demonstrated that the removal of mtbe by granulated modified nanozeolites Y is a promising technique.
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Li, Dengquan, Liang Zhang, Zhangming Zhu e Yintang Yang. "An 8-Bit 0.333–2 GS/s Configurable Time-Interleaved SAR ADC in 65-nm CMOS". Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 24, n.º 06 (26 de maio de 2015): 1550093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126615500930.
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This paper presents an 8-bit configurable time-interleaved (TI) successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC). By using a mode selection circuit, four modes of sampling rate are provided: Single channel at 333.3 MS/s, 2-channel at 666.7 MS/s, 3-channel at 1 GS/s and 6-channel at 2 GS/s. An on-chip delay-locked loop (DLL) uniformly generates six-phase clock with 20% duty cycle, and the timing errors are reduced to a tolerable range. In low sampling rate modes, the corresponding sampling switches and comparators in the idle sub-ADCs are shut down to save power consumption. Based on the 65-nm CMOS technology, the post-layout simulation results show that at 1.2 V supply, the proposed ADC consumes 8.6, 10.9, 13.1 and 19.9 mW under different modes. With an ENOB of 7.92, 7.34, 7.01 and 6.37 bit, this results in a FOM of 106.6, 100.9, 101.6 and 120.3 fJ/conversion-step respectively.
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Wang, Hui, Ke Jin, Xinyu Dong, Shihao Zhan e Chenghu Liu. "Preparation Technique and Properties of Nano-TiO2 Photocatalytic Coatings for Asphalt Pavement". Applied Sciences 8, n.º 11 (25 de outubro de 2018): 2049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112049.
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According to the characteristics of asphalt pavement, a kind of nano-TiO2 photocatalytic coating was prepared by using the emulsified asphalt as the carrier. All of its properties met the technical requirements. An exhaust gas degradation test device and its test steps were developed. The evaluation indexes, cumulative degradation rate, and degradation efficiency, were put forward. From the two aspects of the nano-TiO2 content in photocatalytic coatings and the spraying amount of photocatalytic coatings in the surface of slabs (300 mm × 300 mm), the exhaust gas degradation effects, the performances of skid resistance, and the water permeability of asphalt mixture were analyzed. The test results showed that the cumulative degradation rate of exhaust gas was better when nano-TiO2 content was increased in the range of 0–8% and the spraying amount was changed in the range of 0–333.3 g/m2. In practical engineering applications, the anti-skid performance of asphalt pavement can be satisfied when the spraying amount of photocatalytic coating was limited to under 550 g/m2. The spraying amount of nano-TiO2 photocatalytic coating had little effect on the water permeability of the asphalt mixture. Therefore, 8% nano-TiO2 content in the coating and a 400 g/m2 spraying amount were finally recommended based on the photocatalytic properties, as well as for economic reasons.
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Castro, A., J. Mathew, O. Azzouqah, J. Diaz, A. Reimold e K. Shwin. "AB0360 A DECADE OF SUSPECTED GIANT CELL ARTERITIS: CLINICAL FEATURES OF A HIGHLY HETEROGENEOUS DISEASE". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (19 de maio de 2021): 1205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1461.
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Background:Giant cell arteritis is the most common chronic systemic vasculitis in older adults. Permanent visual loss is the most concerning complication can occur in up to 20% of patients (1). Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical findings, laboratory evidence of inflammatory markers, and temporal artery biopsy (TAB) confirming histologic evidence of inflammation. There are no definitive markers of the disease when TAB is negative.Objectives:The objective of this study was to illustrate the clinical features of subjects suspected with GCA evaluated at the Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) and identify those features that would differentiate between TAB positive GCA, TAB negative GCA and non-GCA patients.Methods:This retrospective study searched the Dallas VAMC database for subjects between January of 2010 until December 2019 with ICD-9 and ICD-10 entry code for GCA. Based on the 1990 ACR clinical classification criteria for GCA, suspected patients were classified as TAB positive GCA, TAB negative GCA and non-GCA. Subjects with incomplete data needed for classification were excluded. Group comparisons were performed with Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables.Results:One-hundred and sixty-nine subjects had ICD-9/10 entry code for GCA. Ophthalmology was the specialty who did the initial evaluation in 46% of the suspected cases. Seventy-one patients were excluded due to incomplete data. Of the remaining 98 patients, 42 (42.9%) were diagnosed with GCA out of which 10 patients had a positive TAB. Seventy-six percent of patients diagnosed with GCA had negative temporal artery biopsies. In 56 (57.1%) patients GCA was ruled out (Figure 1). New-onset headache was the predominant symptom suggestive of GCA affecting 88.9% TAB positive and 100% of TAB negative cases compared to 56.6% of non-GCA patients (p< 0.001), followed by scalp tenderness in 33.3%, 58.1% and 10.9%, respectively (p< 0.001), jaw claudication in 57.1%, 34.5% and 14.9% (p=0.021), and elevated sedimentation rate in 33%, 65.6% and 33% (p=0.013) (Table 1). Polymyalgia rheumatica was present in 28.6% and 21.7% of patients diagnosed with GCA compared to zero percent in non-GCA cases (p=0.017). More than 30% of patients with GCA had normal acute phase reactants in this cohort.Table 1.Comparison of demographics and clinical features of patients with suspected GCAGCA TAB Positive (n=10)GCA - TAB Negative (n=32)non-GCA (n=56)n%n%n%pAge (mean/sd)71.3 (7.8)67.3 (8.1)67.3 (8.9)0.367Male99030/3293.851/5691.10.885Clinical findingsNew onset headache8/988.932/3210030/5356.6<0.001Visual symptoms9/109022/3268.842/5477.80.351Jaw claudication4/757.110/2934.57/4714.90.021PMR2/728.65/2321.70/3000.017Scalp tenderness2/633.318/3158.15/4610.9<0.001Fever0/505/2321.72/355.70.117ESR > 501/333.321/3265.618/5433.30.013CRP > 101/333.35/3016.76/5411.10.473Anemia (hemoglobin < 12 g/ dl)2/728.615/3246.921/5240.40.642Thrombocytosis (platelets >400)2/728.63/329.44/517.80.228Conclusion:There is clinical heterogeneity within the patients diagnosed with GCA regardless of TAB. A high index of clinical suspicion needs to be the cornerstone of diagnosis. There is need for new classification criteria to include patients with negative TAB.References:[1]Soriano A, et al. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2017 Aug;13(8):476-484.Disclosure of Interests:Adela Castro: None declared, Jiby Mathew: None declared, Ola Azzouqah: None declared, Jesus Diaz: None declared, Andreas Reimold Consultant of: Lilly, Grant/research support from: AbbviePfizerGilead, Kyawt Shwin: None declared
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Riley, Seth PD, John Hadidian e David A. Manski. "Population density, survival, and rabies in raccoons in an urban national park". Canadian Journal of Zoology 76, n.º 6 (1 de junho de 1998): 1153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z98-042.
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Density and survival of a raccoon (Procyon lotor) population in Rock Creek Park, an urban national park inWashington, D.C., were estimated using markrecapture and radio-tracking over an 8-year period following the appearance ofthe mid-Atlantic States (Mid-Atlantic) rabies epizootic. Raccoon density ranged from 333.3 to 66.7/km2 , with an overall parkestimate of 125/km2 . This density places the Rock Creek population within the range of other urban and suburban populationsand is many times greater than raccoon densities reported from other habitats. Density was particularly high in one thin spur ofparkland with the smallest ratio of area to urban edge. Raccoon survival rates were high except among juveniles during therabies epizootic. Data on rabies prevalence from Washington, D.C., indicate a cycle with peaks in 1983 during the initialepizootic and again in 1987 and 1991, a pattern similar to that seen in other carnivores and in rabies models. We found evidenceof decreased raccoon density during and after the 1987 rabies resurgence relative to the years following the original epizootic,when rabies prevalence was low. While hunting and trapping represent a major mortality factor for many rural raccoonpopulations, urban and suburban populations and protected populations may frequently be subject to epizootics of diseasessuch as canine distemper and rabies, even years after initial contact with a disease.
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Nam, Sang Eun, Sangdal Lee, Younghye Cho e Jae Hong Kim. "A non-manufacturer-sponsored, retrospective study to assess 2-year safety outcomes of the BellaGel® SmoothFine as compared with its competitors in the context of the first Korean case of a medical device fraud". PLOS ONE 18, n.º 2 (2 de fevereiro de 2023): e0259825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259825.
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Background We conducted this study to assess preliminary 2-year safety outcomes of an implant-based augmentation mammaplasty using the BellaGel® SmoothFine in the context of the first Korean case of a medical device fraud. Methods Our clinical series of the patients (n = 579; 1,158 breasts) received augmentation using the BellaGel® SmoothFine, Naturgel™, Motiva Ergonomix™, Eurosilicone Round Collection™, Natrelle® INSPIRA™, Natrelle® 410, Mentor® MemoryGel Xtra or Microthane®. The patients were evaluated for incidences of postoperative complications and Kaplan-Meier survival and hazards. Results Overall, there were a total of 101 cases (17.4%) of postoperative complications; these include 31 cases (5.4%) of shape deformity, 21 cases (3.6%) of CC, 18 cases (3.1%) of early seroma, 8 cases (1.4%) of infection, 5 cases (0.9%) of early hematoma, 1 case (0.2%) of delayed hematoma, 1 case (0.2%) of rupture and 1 case (0.2%) of ripping. Moreover, there were also 15 cases (2.6%) of other complications. There were significant differences in incidences of postoperative complications between the breast implants from different manufacturers (P = 0.034). The Natrelle® 410 showed the longest survival (333.3±268.2 [141.5–525.1] days). A subgroup analysis showed that there were no significant differences in incidences of postoperative complications between the breast implants (P = 0.831). Moreover, the Natrelle® INSPIRA™ showed the longest survival (223.7±107.1 [-42.3–489.6] days). Conclusions Here, we describe preliminary 2-year safety outcomes of an implant-based augmentation mammaplasty using the BellaGel® SmoothFine in the context of the first Korean case of a medical device fraud.
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Chan, Anthony T. C., Roger K. C. Ngan, Edwin Pun Hui, Sing Fai Leung, Patricia Poon, VC Sin, Stewart Yuk Tung et al. "A multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with residual plasma EBV DNA (EBV DNA) following primary radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, n.º 15_suppl (20 de maio de 2012): 5511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.5511.
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5511 Background: The benefit of adjuvant CT in NPC is unclear. Administering CT after full-dose CRT presents challenges in treatment compliance and toxicity. Post-RT EBV DNA predicts poor survival and may be a biomarker of subclinical residual disease. We conducted a biomarker driven RCT using EBV DNA to select high risk NPC patients (pts) for adjuvant CT while sparing low risk pts from unnecessary toxicity. Methods: Biopsy proven NPC, AJCC stage IIB-IVB, detectable EBV DNA at 6-8 wks post-RT, no persistent locoregional disease or distant metastasis, ECOG 0 or 1, adequate organ function. Randomised with stratification for primary therapy (RT Vs CRT) and tumor stage (II/III Vs IV) to arm A (adjuvant cisplatin 40 mg/m2 and gemcitabine 1000mg/m2, both given on D1+8 q3w x 6 cycles) or arm B (clinical follow-up). EBV DNA and PET scan were performed before and 6 months after randomization. Primary endpoint was relapse free survival and secondary endpoints included toxicity of adjuvant CT. With a hazard ratio of 2, 100 pts were required with a power of 0.8 and an alpha at 0.05. This safety analysis was approved by DMSC. Results: From 9/2006 to 12/2011, 514 pts consented for EBV DNA screening, 95 with detectable EBV DNA consented for adjuvant study. After work-up, 74 were eligible for randomization (37 to arm A; 37 to arm B). The two arms were well balanced in baseline characteristics. 80% received prior neoadjuvant and/or concurrent CT. Staging: IIB (36.5%), III (29.7%), IVA (18.9%), IVB (14.8%). Five pts refused adjuvant CT after randomization. Overall 65% and 57% completed 5 and 6 cycles respectively. Mean dose intensity (DI): 84% for cisplatin (22.5 mg/m2/wk, range 0.0-26.7), 92% for gemcitabine (612.8 mg/m2/wk, range 333.3-777.8). Treatment related adverse events above CTC G2 were summarized in Table. Conclusions: Delivery of 6 cycles of adjuvant CT is feasible with acceptable toxicity after full dose RT or CRT. [Table: see text]
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Mercy Ngum, Ambe, Eric Kiprotich Bett (PhD) e Jayne N. Mugwe (PhD). "Performance of Soybean Marketing in Emby, Tharaka Nithi and Meru Countries, Kenya". American Research Journal of Agriculture 7, n.º 1 (9 de fevereiro de 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21694/2378-9018.21002.
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Current demand for soybean in Kenya exceeds supply despite numerous efforts by the government to increase production. Soybean farmers are faced with the difficulty in accessing the market reason for their reluctance in producing. Little is known about the soybean market in the central highlands of Kenya. This study was carried out with the aim to assess the structure conduct and performance of soybean markets in EmbuTharaka-Nithi and Meru Counties. Key informant interviews were carried out among soybean farmers’ groups, Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries and soybean processing companies. A structured questionnaire was administered to processors, wholesalers, retailers and assemblers of soybean. Data was collected mainly on characteristics of respondents and marketing information. The collected data were used to calculate Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI), gross margins, marketing margin, and marketing efficiency. The results of the study showed that there were eight important marketing channels with channel 1 being the most efficient followed by channel 7, 3, 8, 4, 2, 6 and 5 respectively. The HHI showed that wholesalers were competitive (0.0997); retailers were relatively competitive (0.1701) while processors indicated an oligopolistic market structure with an HHI index of 0.18. Farmers groups, wholesalers and assemblers sold their soybean to processors at a fixed price (60ksh) given by the processors. Quantities traded were low with an average of 333.3kg for wholesalers, 793.33kg for assemblers and 47kg for retailers. There were no trader associations in the study area even though farmers engaged in group marketing. The study concluded that Constraints to marketing by farmers included low prices, lack of processing equipment’s, inadequate marketing arrangements, and high cost of processing.
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Nemcansky, Jan, Alexandr Stepanov, Michal Koubek, Miroslav Veith, Yun Min Klimesova e Jan Studnicka. "Response to Aflibercept Therapy in Three Types of Choroidal Neovascular Membrane in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Real-Life Evidence in the Czech Republic". Journal of Ophthalmology 2019 (10 de junho de 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2635689.
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Purpose. To present a cohort of treatment-naive patients with the neovascular form of age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with aflibercept in a fixed regimen and evaluate the treatment response of three types of choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV)—occult (Type 1), classic (Type 2), and minimally classic (Type 4). Methods. This was a multicentre, prospective, observational consecutive case series study. Patients diagnosed with three types of CNV of nAMD were treated in a fixed regimen (3 injections every 4 weeks, and then injections at 8 week intervals). The follow-up period was 48 weeks. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) were measured using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). The measurements were taken at the baseline and then at 16, 32, and 48 weeks. Results. The treatment-naive group was composed of 135 eyes of 135 patients in the study. 61 eyes had Type 1 lesions of CNV, 50 eyes had Type 2 lesions, and 24 eyes had Type 4 lesions. Mean baseline BCVA ± SD for Type 1 lesions was 56.1 ± 10.8 ETDRS letters, and then 62.2 ± 12.9 letters, 61.2 ± 13.7 letters, and 62.8 ± 15.1 letters at 16, 32, and 48 weeks, respectively. Mean baseline CRT ± SD for Type 1 lesions was 442.4 ± 194.9 μm, and then 302.5 ± 144.4 μm, 299.7 ± 128.5 μm, and 277.7 ± 106.5 μm at 16, 32, and 48 weeks, respectively. Mean baseline BCVA ± SD for Type 2 lesions was 55.6 ± 9.9 ETDRS letters, and then 62.5 ± 11.1 letters, 60.7 ± 13.0 letters, and 62.5 ± 14.2 letters at 16, 32, and 48 weeks, respectively. Mean baseline CRT ± SD. For Type 4 lesions mean baseline BCVA ± SD was 56.7 ± 9.0 ETDRS letters, and then 59.1 ± 10.6 letters, 59.5 ± 11.4 letters, and 59.2 ± 12.6 letters at 16, 32, and 48 weeks respectively. Mean baseline CRT ± SD for Type 4 lesions was 492.1 ± 187.0 μm, and then 333.3 ± 137.5 μm, 354.4 ± 175.0 μm, and 326.7 ± 122.4 μm at 16, 32, and 48 weeks respectively. All these changes were statistically significant (p<0.005). Conclusions. The primary outcome of our study is that the treatment with aflibercept in nAMD patients led to statistically significant improvement in BCVA and to a decrease in CRT throughout the follow-up period in both occult and classic types of CNV. The minimally classic type of CNV demonstrated a poorer functional and anatomical response to treatment.
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Epperly, Michael W., J. Andres Melendez, Xichen Zhang, Darcy Franicola, Tracy Smith, Benjamin Greenberger, Paavani Komanduri e Joel S. Greenberger. "Increased Radioresistance of 32Dcl3 Murine Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells by Mitochondrial Targeting of a Catalase Transgene Product." Blood 110, n.º 11 (16 de novembro de 2007): 5139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.5139.5139.
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Abstract Mitochondrial localization of the radioprotective MnSOD transgene in hematopoietic cells dismutates irradiation induced superoxide to hydrogen peroxide which is converted to water and oxygen by catalase or glutathione peroxide. Increased concentration of hydrogen peroxide can be toxic. We hypothesized, that increased mitochondrial localized catalase to remove hydrogen peroxide would further increase radioresistance. The human catalase transgene was cloned into a pSVZeo plasmid. To localize the transgene product catalase to the mitochondria, the mitochondrial localization sequence of MnSOD was cloned and attached to the catalase transgene (mt-catalase), then cloned into a pSVZeo plasmid. The plasmids were electroporated into murine hematopoietic cell line 32Dcl3 and 32Dcl3 MnSOD transgene overexpressing clonal cell line 2C6 and subclones of each expressing the non-targeted catalase or mt-catalase selected by growing the cells in zeomycin. The clonal cell lines were shown to express either catalase or mt-catalase by RT-PCR using specific primers. Catalase biochemical activity was determined and 32D-cat and 32D-mt-cat cells had increased catalase activity (595.7 ± 15.3 or 603.3 ± 3.0 μM, respectively) compared to 539.7 ± 3.7 μM (p = 0.0288 or 0.0002, respectively) for 32Dcl3. Compared to the 32Dcl3 cells, 2C6 cells had decreased catalase activity of 205.0 ± 10.0 compared to 539.7 ± 3.7 (p < 0.0001). Catalase activity was increased in 2C6-cat and 2C6-mt-cat (333.3 ± 12.7 and 467.0 ± 1.0, respectively) compared to 205.0 ± 1.0 for 2C6 (p <0.001). Western analysis confirmed the differences in catalase activity. Cells from 32Dcl3, 32D-cat, 32D-mt-catalase, and subclones of 2C6 cells were irradiated to doses ranging from 0 to 8 Gy, plated in methylcellulose, incubated at 37° C for seven days, and colonies of greater that 50 cells counted. The data was analyzed by linear quadratic and single-hit, multi-target models. The 32D-mt-cat cells were more radioresistant than 32D-cat cells by an increased shoulder on the survival curve (n = 10.3 ± 0.5 or 5.9 ± 0.2, respectively, p = 0.0025). Both 32D-mt-cat and 32D-cat were more resistant compared to 32Dcl3 cells (n = 2.9 ± 1.1, p = 0.0196 or 0.0479). Cells from the 2C6 transfected with mt-catalase, but not catalase, showed increased radioresistance increasing the Do from 0.979 ± 0.1Gy for 2C6 to 1.171 ± 0.1 Gy for 2C6-mCat cells. To determine if increased catalase activity altered antioxidant status, levels of glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were measured. There was no significant change in GSH between cell lines. However, there were increased levels of GPX in 32D-cat and 32D-mt-cat of 260.4 ± 24.6 or 257.1 ± 17.1 μM, respectively, compared to 105.5 ± 1.6 μM (p = 0.0005 or 0.0134, respectively). Cells from 2C6, 2C6-cat or 2C6-mt-cat had decreased GPX activity to 46.7 ± 1.3, 39.1 ± 0.9 or 44.1 ± 1.5μM, respectively, compared to 105.5 ± 1.6μM for 32Dcl3 (p<0.0001). Thus, overexpression of both MnSOD and mt-catalase transgene provides superior radioprotection compared to one alone.
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Lee, Y. J., S. M. Ahn, S. Hong, J. S. Oh, C. K. Lee, B. Yoo e Y. G. Kim. "AB0552 EFFECT OF BELIMUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS TREATED WITH MINIMAL OR NO STEROID". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (30 de maio de 2023): 1474.1–1474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.3768.
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BackgroundBelimumab is the only biologic agent approved for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In cornerstone clinical trials, belimumab demonstrated SRI-4 response in patients with moderate disease activity, and real-world studies showed consistent findings (1¬3). In these studies, SRI-4 was significantly associated with baseline features including high SELENA-SLEDAI, dose of steroid, smoking status, BLyS level, and combining polyarthritis (2, 3). However, most previous studies have been conducted in patients with use of steroids, with mean prednisolone-equivalent dose of approximately 10 mg/day (1¬3). Therefore, the effect of belimumab has been focused on the steroid sparing.ObjectivesHere, we aimed to identify the effect of belimumab in SLE patients treated with minimal or no steroid with mild-to-moderate activity.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients (age ≥ 18 years) who first received belimumab from May 2021 to June 2022 and maintained use at least 6 months. We only included patients who received prednisolone-equivalent ≤5mg or without steroid (for more than 1 year). The primary endpoint was SRI-4 response at 6 months, and secondary endpoint was improvement in serology, including C3, C4, and anti-ds DNA, at 6 months. Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni’s post hoc analysis were performed to compare the continuous variables.ResultsIn total, 31 patients were included, with 12 minimal steroid users and 19 non-steroid users. The mean age was 39.2 (±11.4) years, and 90.3% were female. Baseline SELENA-SLEDAI was 6.0 (4.0¬9.0). The primary endpoint was seen in 32.3% (10/31). Anemia (p=0.025), C4 level (p<0.001), and SELENA-SLEDAI (p=0.016) showed significant improvement over time during treatment. Univariable analysis showed baseline SELENA-SLEDAI and arthritis were significantly associated with SRI-4 response at 6 months, and SELENA-SLEDAI only remained significant in multivariable logistic regression analysis.ConclusionIn our cohort study, belimumab was shown to be effective in improving SELENA-SLEDAI, anemia and low C4 in patients who did not use or did use minimal dose of steroids. Therefore, the effect of belimumab can be expected even in patients not taking steroids.References[1]Lancet. 2011 Feb 26;377(9767):721-31[2]J Autoimmun. 2018 Jan;86:1-8[3]Autoimmun Rev. 2017 Apr;16(4):343-351Table 1.Changes in clinical parameters in SLE patients treated with belimumab (no or low dose of steroid)Baseline△0–3 months△0–6 monthsP-valuePost hoc testP-value*P-value†P-valueCBC WBC Leukopenia (+)2713.3 (±597.5)246.7 (±639.0)333.3 (±882.1)0.1430.2461.0000.430 Leukopenia (-)5356.3 (±1141.3)-387.5 (±831.8)-368.8 (955.5)0.1650.4711.0000.496Hb Anemia (+)10.56 (±1.13)0.17 (±0.87)0.40 (±0.73)0.0251.0000.4240.074 Anemia ()13.06 (±0.72)-0.37 (±0.87)-0.22 (±1.15)0.5430.5571.0001.000Platelet, x103/µL Thrombocytopenia (+)106.0 (±30.4)24.0 (±29.8)21.5 (±49.4)0.1530.2401.0000.459 Thrombocytopenia (-)232.6 (±45.2)9.6 (±46.1)8.9 (±34.0)0.3011.0000.8990.902Serology C3, mg/dL59.13 (±15.46)1.16 (±9.95)6.24 (±21.51)0.1171.0000.5050.351 C4, mg/dL10.25 (±5.14)2.15 (±2.56)3.21 (±4.57)<0.001<0.0010.2780.001 Anti-dsDNA, IU/mL138.41 (±159.56)-45.76 (±104.46)-36.70 (±174.88)0.2520.0631.0000.755Renal profile Creatinine, mg/dL0.79 (±0.22)0.04 (0.12)0.02 (±0.09)0.1680.2431.0000.503 eGFR, mL/min/1.73m²80.71 (±13.67)-1.90 (±6.10)-2.13 (±6.44)0.0760.2771.0000.227 UPCR, mg/g418.10 (±777.02)-108.02 (±350.99)-100.15 (±413.98)0.3060.4231.0000.917SELENA-SLEDAI7.58 (±4.23)-2.00 (±3.25)-1.87 (±4.08)0.0160.0051.0000.048* analysis of baseline and 3-month values; † analysis of 3- and 6-month values; ¶ analysis of baseline and 6-month values; SELENA-SLEDAI, Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment–Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index; anti-dsDNA, anti-double stranded DNA; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; UPCR, urine protein/creatinine ratioAcknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Bazan-Wozniak, Aleksandra, Selahattin Yilmaz, Agnieszka Nosal-Wierciñska e Robert Pietrzak. "Adsorption capacity of biocarbons from residue of supercritical extraction of raw plants". Pure and Applied Chemistry, 19 de abril de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-0104.
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Abstract Bioadsorbents prepared by chemical activation (H3PO4) of the residue of supercritical extraction of green tea leaves and marigold flowers were characterized by elemental analysis, Boehm titration, adsorption/desorption isotherm and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption performance aimed at the removal of malachite green, nitrogen oxide and hydrogen sulfide was investigated. The impacts of various influential parameters of malachite green adsorption such as: contact time (8 h), initial dye concentration (20–140 mg/L), temperature (25–65 °C) and adsorbent mass (0.015–0.025 g) were investigated. The adsorption kinetic follows pseudo second-order reaction kinetics (R 2 > 0.99). The adsorption process was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and the maximum capacity of the monolayer was from 126.58 mg/g to 333.33 mg/g for the biocarbons obtained. The negative values of Gibbs free energy indicate the spontaneous character of the process. The presence of steam in the stream of the mixture of gases had a positive effect on adsorption of nitrogen oxide and hydrogen sulfide by the bioadsorbents obtained. The most effective adsorbent of malachite green and toxic gas pollutants proved to be the biocarbon obtained from the residues of supercritical extraction of green tea leaves.
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Liu, Dahui, Qiaohuan Chen, Yuhuan Miao, Jinxin Li e Xingyue Deng. "First Report of Southern Blight on Polygonatum sibiricum Caused by Sclerotium delphinii in China". Plant Disease, 23 de março de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-20-2151-pdn.
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Polygonatum sibiricum Delar. ex Redoute is a plant species used for medicine and food. On one hand, its rhizomes have potential medicinal values such as enhancing immunity, anti-aging, anti-tumor and antibacterial as well as the effects of improving memory and reducing blood lipid and sugar. On the other hand, the rhizomes can also be used as raw materials for drinks, preserves, and health products (Su et al. 2018). The annual demand of P. sibiricum is about 3500-4000 tons in China, and the market demands and the price continue to rise in recent years (Su et al. 2018). In August 2019, there was an outbreak of southern blight in the P. sibiricum planting fields (N30°04′06″, E115°39′47″) of Luotian County in Hubei province of China. Approximately 30% of plants were affected in many fields (333.33 ha). We observed that the surface of the infected rhizome and the surrounding soils were covered with white hyphae and sclerotia. The hyphae gradually extended downward to the rhizomes, causing rhizome rot and leaf yellowing and wilting. Mycelial fragments and sclerotia from ten symptomatic rhizomes were collected in the fields and incubated directly on potato dextrose agar (PDA containing 50 µg/ml kanamycin) at 27℃. The fungal colonies were transferred to PDA after two days of cultivation. The white colonies were formed with fluffy aerial mycelia, which grew radially with an average growth rate of 20.54±0.52 mm/d (n=10). The color of the sclerotia was milky white at first, and then gradually turned to beige and yellow-brown. After two-week-incubation, the sclerotia became dark brown. Most of the sclerotia were spherical or nearly spherical, with round-bulges on the surface. The number of mature sclerotia produced per plate ranged from 8-23 (n=10), and the size ranged from 2.5×3.0 mm to 7.5×13.0 mm (5.95 ± 2.34×7.51 ± 2.88 mm; n=50). In addition, clamp connections were observed under the microscope. For molecular identification, genomic DNA was extracted from isolate HJ-1 using the CTAB method (Mahadevakumar et al. 2018). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA were amplified with the primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990). The resulting showed ITS sequence (Accession number: MW049362) was 99.66% homology with Sclerotium delphinii according to the GenBank database. In addition, the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene (RBP2) and part of the elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α) gene were amplified by using the primers RPB26F/RPB2-7CR (Liu et al. 1999) and EF595F/EF1160R, respectively (Wendland and Kothe 1997). RPB2 gene sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession number: MW415935), and was 99.53% similarity identity to Athelia rolfsii isolate MSB5-1. TEF-1α sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession number: MW415934), and was 91.35% similarity to S. delphinii strain Sd_405. Because there are very few reference sequences of RPB2 genes from S. delphinii in GenBank to compare, we choose the ITS and TEF-1α gene sequences to construct the concatenated phylogenetic tree by the neighbor-joining method (Tamura et al. 2013). The results showed that HJ-1 was clustered with S. delphinii isolates selected from NCBI database. Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, the fungus was identified as S. delphinii Welch (teleomorph Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) C.C. Tu & Kimbr). Pathogenicity tests were performed on the healthy leaves, roots, stems and plants (n=3) of P. sibiricum. Each sample was inoculated with one sclerotia produced from a fifteen-day-old colony and there was on wound treatment. These inoculated and control samples (treated with sterile water) were incubated in a moist chamber (25 ± 2 °C, RH 85%) (Mahadevakumar et al. 2018). Typical disease symptoms were apparent on leaves, stems, rhizomes and plants at 4, 6, 5 and 15 days post inoculation, respectively. Fulfilling Koch’s postulates, the fungal pathogens were isolated and purified from the inoculated site and were reconfirmed as S. delphinii based on the morphological features. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of S. delphinii causing southern blight on P. sibiricum in China. S. delphinii has a wide host range worldwide and often causes crop yield reduction. This study will be helpful for the prevention and control of P. sibiricum southern blight in the future.
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Kanmounye, Ulrick Sidney, Joel Noutakdie Tochie, Aimé Mbonda, Cynthia Kévine Wafo, Leonid Daya, Thompson Hope Atem, Arsène Daniel Nyalundja e Daniel Cheryl Eyaman. "Systematic review and bibliometric analysis of African anesthesia and critical care medicine research part I: hierarchy of evidence and scholarly productivity". BMC Anesthesiology 20, n.º 1 (28 de setembro de 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12871-020-01167-8.
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Abstract Background Research is an essential component of Anesthesia, and the contributions of researchers and institutions can be appreciated from the analysis of scholarly outputs. Such analyses help identify major contributors and trends in publication. Little is known about the state of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine (A.C.C.M.) research in Africa. We aimed to describe African A.C.C.M. research’s current landscape by determining its productivity per country and point towards possible ideas for improvement. Methods The authors searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) from inception to May 4, 2020, for articles on or about A.C.C.M. in Africa. Studies were selected based on their titles and abstracts. Rayyan software was later on used for data management in the review selection process. Then, the full-text of eligible articles were screened. Data were extracted, and the number of articles per physician anesthesia providers and provider density were calculated. Kruskal Wallis test and Spearman’s correlation were used, and a P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Of the 4690 articles, only 886 (18.9%) were included in the analysis. The articles were published between 1946 and 2020 in 278 target journals. 55 (6.2%) articles were published in the South African Journal of Surgery, 51 (5.8%) in Anesthesia and Analgesia, and 46 (5.2%) in Anaesthesia. 291 (32.8%) studies were cross-sectional. 195 (22.0%) first authors were from Nigeria, 118 (13.3%) from South Africa, and 88 (9.9%) from the U.S.A. Malawi (1.67), Togo (1.06), and Sierra Leone (1.00) had the highest number of articles per provider. Whereas Ethiopia (580.00), Nigeria (336.21), and Malawi (333.33) had the highest number of articles per provider density. Conclusion We identified the most and least productive African countries in A.C.C.M. research and a low-quality hierarchy of evidence in these publications. Hence, the study’s findings may aid in driving the A.C.C.M. research agenda and capacity building in Africa.
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Chowdhury, Shanchita Zaman, Md Rana Islam, Abul Farah Md Hasanuzzaman, Joyanta Bir e Khandaker Anisul Huq. "COMPARATIVE ECONOMIC VIABILITY ANALYSES OF INTEGRATED AND POLY CULTURE SYSTEM OF PRAWN (MACHROBRACHIUM ROSENBERGII) PRODUCTION". Khulna University Studies, 18 de dezembro de 2023, 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53808/kus.2023.20.02.1127-ls.
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The present study was conducted to assess the effects of integrated culture on Prawn (Machrobrachium rosenbergii) production compared with the prawn polyculture system, in terms of production and financial profitability and viability. In the polyculture system, prawn were incorporated with rohu (Labeo rohita), mola (Ambypharyngodon mola), snail (Pila golobosa), and in case of the integrated culture system with three treatments (T1, T2 and T3), prawn, rohu, mola, snail were cultured with integrating vegetables: the T1 had dike-vegetables (brinjal,lady finger, tomato); , the T2 had hanging vegetable (bottle gourd; sponge gourd), and floating vegetables (kolmi, helencha); the T3 had floating-bed vegetables (tomato, onion; yardlong beans, capsicum, chili). The prawns were cultured for 240 days with feeding of commercial feed at the rate of 8% of body weight. The production of prawn in the integrated culture system was 712.34±15.623, 714.36±14.77 and 741.98±15.39 kg/ha whereas 646.90±19.36 kg/haprawn in the polyculture. Dike vegetable tomato, lady finger and brinjal were produced 416.67, 916.67 and 104.2kg/ha respectively; hanging vegetables guard and sponge guard were produced 666.63 and 583.43 kg/ha respectively; floating vegetables Kolmi and helencha were produced 333.3 and 625 kg/ha respectively and floating bed vegetables onion and hybrid long beans was 291 and 390 kg/ha. It has been evident that the integrated culture system had higher prawn production than had the polyculture system. The net revenue from integrated culture system was 436015.7, 41153505 and 420018.4 TK in the T1,T2, and T3, respectively and 322837 TK in the polyculture system, addressing the profitability of integrating vegetables in the prawn multi-trophic culture system.The resultant information has pointed out the suitability of integrating prawn, finfish, snail and vegetables, which can be an eco-friendly (i.e. bio mitigation intervention) system for fulfilling household nutrition by regular consumption as well as for earning money by selling.
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Stepanov, Alexandr, Jan Nemcansky, Miroslav Veith, Katerina Manethova, Marketa Stredova, Martin Pencak, Anna Tarkova e Jan Studnicka. "Two-year results of a combined regimen of aflibercept treatment in three types of choroidal neovascular membrane in the wet form of age-related macular degeneration: Real-life evidence in the Czech Republic". European Journal of Ophthalmology, 16 de novembro de 2020, 112067212097119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120672120971190.
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Aim: To present the results of a 2-year therapy with aflibercept in real-life practice in a mixed regimen in patients with a neovascular form of age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and to evaluate the treatment response of various types of choroidal neovascular membranes (CNV) – occult (Type 1), classic (Type 2) and minimally classic (Type 4). Methods: This was a multicentric, prospective, observational study of a series of cases. Patients diagnosed with the wet form of AMD were treated in a fixed regimen (3 injections at intervals of 1 month and then injections at 8-week intervals) in the first year, and in a pro re nata regimen (PRN) in the second year. The period of investigation was 24 months. The development of the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was evaluated by means of ETDRS optotypes (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) and the central retinal thickness (CRT). Measurements were performed prior to the commencement of therapy and then after 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 months. Results: The therapeutically naïve group consisted of 135 eyes of 135 patients. Sixty-one eyes suffered from CNV of the 1st type, 50 eyes from CNV of the 2nd type and 24 eyes from CNV of the 4th type. The average baseline of BCVA ± SD in Type 1 CNV was 56.1 ± 10.8 letters of ETDRS, and then, respectively, 62.2 ± 12.9 letters, 62.8 ± 15.1 letters and 59.4 ± 13.2 letters after 4, 12 and 24 months. The average baseline value of CRT ± SD for Type 1 CNV was 442.4 ± 194.9 µm, and then 302.5 ± 144.4 µm, 277.7 ± 106.5 µm and 327.6 ± 138.6 µm at months 4, 12 and 24. The average baseline value of BCVA ± SD in Type 2 CNV was 55.6 ± 9.9 letters of ETDRS, and then 62.5 ± 11.1 letters, 62.5 ± 14.2 letters and 60.6 ± 15.1 letters after 4, 12 and 24 months. The average baseline value of CRT ± SD in Type 2 CNV was 446.8 ± 159.1 µm, and then 327.4 ± 127.0 µm, 316.7 ± 139.1 µm and 352.5 ± 132.4 µm at 4, 12 and 24 months. In Type 4 CNV, the average baseline value of BCVA ± SD was 56.7 ± 9.0 letters of ETDRS, and then 59.1 ± 10.6 letters, 59.2 ± 12.6 letters and 58 ± 8.8 letters after 4, 12 and 24 months. The average baseline value of CRT ± SD in Type 4 CNV was 492.1 ± 187.0 µm, and then 333.3 ± 137.5 µm, 326.7 ± 122.4 µm and 328.4 ± 132 µm at months 4, 12 and 24. All these changes were statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Therapy with aflibercept in a mixed regimen in patients with the wet form of AMD during the investigation resulted in a statistically significant improvement in BCVA and decrease in CRT in both the occult and classic type of CNV. Both the functional and anatomical response to therapy was worse in the minimally classic type (Type 4) of CNV. Summary declaration: Patients suffering from the neovascular form of age-related macular degeneration were treated with aflibercept in a mixed regimen (fixed in the first year and PRN in the second year). After 24 months of examination, a significant improvement of both morphological and functional results was observed in three types of choroidal neovascular membrane.