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1
Labrador, M., E. Tauler, Y. Haget, T. Calvet, M. A. Cuevas e E. Estop. "Crystal data for p-bromochlorobenzene and p-dichlorobenzene/p-bromochlorobenzene mixed crystals at 293 K". Journal of Applied Crystallography 18, n.º 6 (1 de dezembro de 1985): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889885010883.
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The powder data for p-bromochlorobenzene(pBCB) and p-dichlorobenzene/p-bromochlorobenzene mixed crystals [pDCB] x [pBCB]1 − x at 293 K are reported; their thermal stability at 293 K is given. Vertical diffractomer, graphite monochromator, Cu Kα, λ = 1.5405 Å. They are all isomorphous, monoclinic, P21/a with Z = 2. a = 15.134(4), b = 5.843(2), c = 4.073(1) Å, β = 112.53(1)°, V = 332.7 Å3, Dx = 1.911 Mg m−3 for pBCB. a = 14.890(5), b = 5.848(5), c = 4.046(2) Å, β = 112.53(2)°, V = 325.4 Å3, Dx = 1.636 Mg m−3 for [pDCB]0.70[pBCB]0.30. a = 15.004(6), b = 5.840(3), c = 4.059(2) Å, β = 112.48(2)°, V = 328.6 Å3, Dx = 1.755 Mg m−3 for [pDCB]0.40[pBCB]0.60. a = 15.101(4), b = 5.844(2), c = 4.066(2) Å, β = 112.51(2)°, V = 331.5 Å3, Dx = 1.873 Mg m−3 for [pDCB]0. 10[pBCB]0.90. The JCPDS Nos. are: 36-1995 for pBCB; 36-1994 for [pDCB]0.70[PBCB]0.30; 36-1993 for [pDCB]0.40[pBCB]0.60; 36-1992 for [pDCB]0.10[pBCB]0.90. Data for [pDCB]0.90[pBCB]0.10, [pDCB]0.80 [pBCB]0.20, [pDCB]0.60 [pBCB]0.40, [pDCB]0.50[pBCB]0.50, [pDCB]0.30[pBCB]0.70 and [pDCB]0.20[pBCB]0.80 have also been measured and are available from the authors or as part of the Supplementary Publication.
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Calvo, Sebastiano, Roberta Calvo, Filippo Luzzu, Vincenzo Raimondi, Mauro Assenzo, Federica Cassetti e Agostino Tomasello. "Performance Assessment of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile Restoration Experiment on Dead matte Twelve Years after Planting—Structural and Functional Meadow Features". Water 13, n.º 5 (7 de março de 2021): 724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13050724.
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Following the restoration of natural conditions by reducing human pressures, reforestation is currently considered a possible option to accelerate the recovery of seagrass habitats. Long-term monitoring programs theoretically represent an ideal solution to assess whether a reforestation plan has produced the desired results. Here, we report on the performance of a 20 m2 patch of Posidonia oceanica transplanted on dead matte twelve years after transplantation in the Gulf of Palermo, northwestern Sicily. Photo mosaic performed in the area allowed us to detect 23 transplanted patches of both regular and irregular shape, ranging from 0.1 to 2.7 m2 and an overall surface close to 19 m2. Meadow density was 331.6 ± 17.7 shoot m−2 (currently five times higher than the initial value of 66 shoots m−2), and it did not show statistical differences from a close by natural meadow (331.2 ± 14.9). Total primary production, estimated by lepidochronology, varied from 333.0 to 332.7 g dw m2/year, at the transplanted and natural stand, respectively. These results suggest that complete restoration of P. oceanica on dead matte is possible in a relatively short time (a decade), thus representing a good starting point for upscaling the recovery of the degraded meadows in the area.
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MS. GILL, ASHWANI KUMAR e PARDEEP KUMAR. "Growth and yield of rice (Oryza cultivars under various sativa) methods and times of sowing". Indian Journal of Agronomy 51, n.º 2 (10 de outubro de 2001): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v51i2.4987.
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A field investigation was carried out during the rainy season (kharif) 2001 and 2002 at the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, to establish the agronomic management practices for direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) in loamy sand soils. The treatments included 2 methods of sowing (direct sowing and transplanting), 3 times of sowing (1 June, 10 June and 20 June - the corresponding transplanting on each date, was made 25 days after sowing) and 4 cultivars ('PR 11 l', 'PR 115', 'PR 11 6' and 'IR 64'). The rainfall received during crop season (June to October) of first year was 847 mm and 332.7 mm during second year. Dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area in- dex, effective tillers etc. under direct seeding were significantly more than transplanted rice. The productivity un- der direct-seeded paddy accrued was = 53 qlha (during first year 65 qlha while in second year 40 qlha) in loamy sand soil. The direct-seeded crop matured 10 days earlier than transplanted crop. The water productivity in di- rect-seeded rice ranged between 0.40 and 0.46 kg grain/m3 irrigation water, while under transplanting, it varied between 0.29 and 0.39 kg grain/m3 irrigation water; clearly showing the more water-use efficiency. The maxi- mum productivity was obtained when direct-seeded crop was raised on 10 June and short-duration, early-matur- ing 'PR 11 5' variety excelled other medium- and long-duration varieties in all growth and yield determinants.
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Knyazev, O. V., A. V. Kagramanova, N. A. Fadeeva, A. A. Lishchinskaya, O. N. Boldyreva, K. K. Noskova, R. B. Gudkova, A. G. Konoplyannikov e A. I. Parfenov. "Mesenchymal stromal cells of bone marrow and azathioprine in Crohn's disease therapy". Terapevticheskii arkhiv 90, n.º 2 (15 de fevereiro de 2018): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/terarkh201890247-52.
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Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, recurring disease of the gastrointestinal tract of unclear etiology. One of the new approaches to CD therapy is the use of the possibilities of stem cells, in particular, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Currently, the use of MSC in clinical practice for the treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases is being studied in patients who receive concomitant therapy with other immunomodulatory medications. Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of MSCs therapy in patients with CD receiving azathioprine (AZA). Materials and methods. The study included 34 patients with inflammatory (luminal) form of CD. The 1st group of patients (n=15) received anti-inflammatory therapy using MSCs culture in combination with AZA. The 2nd group (n=19) received MSCs without AZA. The severity of the attack was assessed in points in accordance with the of Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI). Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM), interleukins (IL) 1β, 4, 10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (INF-γ), transforming growth factor-1β (TGF-1β), C-reactive protein (CRP), platelets and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) at 2, 6 and 12 months from the beginning of MSCs therapy. Results. The initial mean CDAI in the 1st group was 337.6±17.1 points, in the 2nd group - 332.7±11.0 points (p=0.3). In both groups of patients there was a significant decrease in CDAI after 2 months. From the beginning of therapy MSCs: in the 1st group to 118.9±12.4 points, in the 2nd - 120.3±14.1 points (p=0.7), after 6 months - 110.3±11.1 and 114.3±11.8 points (p=0.8), respectively. After 12 months CDAI in the 1st group was 99.9±10.8 points, in the 2nd group it was 100.6±12.1 points (p=0.8). The level of IgA, IgG, IgM was significantly lower in the group of patients with a longer history of the disease and long-term ASA. After the introduction of MSC in both groups of patients with BC, there was a tendency for the growth of pro - and anti-inflammatory cytokines, with a significantly lower level of pro-inflammatory cytokines - INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β - in the 1st group, indicating potentiation of the immunosuppressive effect of MSCs and AZA, which provides a more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Conclusion. Transplantation of MSCs promotes an increase in the serum of patients with CD initially reduced concentration of IG, cytokines and restoring their balance as the onset of clinical remission. The combination with AZA has a more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.
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Patale, Tara, Liam McGuirk, Matthew Krasnow, Benjamin Epstein, Sarah Manely, Emily Sayegh, Michael Tenner, Javin Schefflein, Hasit Mehta e Richard Noto. "RF14 | PMON328 The Effect of Pituitary Cysts on Pituitary Volume in Patients with Growth Hormone Deficiency and Idiopathic Short Stature". Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (1 de novembro de 2022): A641—A642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1328.
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Abstract Background Pituitary cysts (PCs) may be related to the development of diminished growth hormone secretion because they may limit the proliferation of somatotrophs. This study seeks to investigate the mass effect of PCs on the pituitary function. Methods Patients aged 6-18 with cysts and follow-ups between 2007–21 were compared to normal controls (NCs) aged 6-18 from a neuroradiology center. Pituitary volume (PV) is the volume of the pituitary gland including the cyst, while net pituitary volume (netPV) is the volume of the pituitary gland excluding the cyst. Since NCs did not have PCs, only PV was utilized. PVs and netPVs are reported in mm3. Data were stratified into prepubertal (age < 11 yrs) and pubertal (age > 11 yrs). The Kruskal-Wallis One Way ANOVA on Ranks was utilized to compare multiple means, and the Kruskal-Wallis Multiple-Comparison Z Value test (with Bonferroni adjustment) was utilized for pairwise comparisons. Results The mean and median PVs of prepubertal GHD (n=37), ISS (n=5), and NCs (n=58) were 290.2 ± 109.7 and 305.0, 314.4 ± 100.8 and 299.8, and 246.8 ± 63.7 and 241.6, respectively. The difference between mean PVs of prepubertal GHD, ISS, and NCs was not significant. The mean and median PVs of pubertal GHD (n=58), ISS (n=33), and NCs (n=112) were 391.5 ± 163.5 and 370.2, 409.2 ± 215.8 and 382.9, and 424.2 ± 138.9 and 402.7, respectively. The difference between mean PVs of pubertal GHD, ISS, and NCs was not significant. For netPV, the mean and median values for prepubertal GHD and ISS patients were 252.2 ± 83.3 and 272.2, and 245.2 ± 85.7 and 244.9, respectively. The difference between mean netPVs of prepubertal GHD, ISS, and NCs was not significant. For netPV, the mean and median values for pubertal GHD and ISS patients were 332.7 ± 121.3 and 346.4, and 333.9 ± 146.1 and 330.7, respectively. The mean netPVs of pubertal GHD and ISS patients were both significantly lower than the mean PV of pubertal NCs. The mean and median PVs for cyst patients were 364.8 ± 170.0 and 347.8 which was not significantly different from the NCs. The mean and median netPVs for cyst patients were 307.3 ± 122.9 and 289.0 which was significantly different from the NCs (p<0.001). Conclusion When considering the functional component of the pituitary gland, cyst volume should be subtracted from the overall pituitary gland. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:36 p.m. - 12:41 p.m., Monday, June 13, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
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Bardahl, Jonathan, e Pedro De Alarcon. "Platelet Counts and Outcomes in Acute General Pediatric Patients". Blood 134, Supplement_1 (13 de novembro de 2019): 5861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-131263.
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Background: Platelets are a component of blood with multiple functions including primary hemostasis, immunity, cancer metastasis, and others. Thrombocytopenia is defined as platelet counts less than 150,000 platelets/μl. There are numerous causes of thrombocytopenia but regardless of cause, multiple studies of thrombocytopenia in infants, children, and adolescents admitted to critical care units (neonatal or pediatric) document significant prognostic value for disease severity. However, there is a paucity of information regarding outcomes in children and adolescents with thrombocytopenia admitted to general pediatric floors. Objective: Better understand the significance of platelet counts and thrombocytopenia in our acute general pediatric patients. Methods: Retrospective study conducted on pediatric patients (infants, children, and adolescents up to 19 years of age) admitted to the general pediatric floors at OSF HealthCare Children's Hospital between July 2010 to July 2018. Patients' demographics, source of admission, primary diagnosis, length of stay, initial platelet count, and transfer to higher levels of care were analyzed. Platelet counts were grouped into mean platelet count +/- 2 SD and <150/nL, 150-450/nL, >450/nL for data analysis. Those previously diagnosed with hematological or oncological diagnoses as well as those directly admitted to the NICU or PICU were excluded. A T-test and multivariate model were used to deem statistical significance. Results: 10,858 charts were included in the study after exclusion criteria were met. Of the patients, 48.2% were female and 51.8% male. The mean age was 4.7 (±5.2) years of age. The majority of our general pediatric admissions came from our emergency department followed by outside hospital transfers and then physician offices. The average length of stay was 3.2 days. The mean platelet count was 332.7/nL with a SD of 127.3. We found significance with regards to transfer to higher levels of care in both the mean platelet count with SD and in the grouped platelet counts. Patients with platelet counts <150/nL were 2.9 times more likely to transfer to higher levels of care than those with counts between 150-450/nL (p<.0001, 95% CI 2-4.3) and 2.2 times likely to transfer than those with counts >450/nL (p<.0006, 95% CI 1.4-3.4). Interestingly, we also discovered that outside hospital transfers were more likely to transfer to higher levels of care compared to other sources of admission. Lastly, our top 5 diagnosis categories included: Infection, GI, Kidney/Bladder/Urinary, Neurology, and Muscle Skeletal/Joint. Conclusion: Previous studies done in the NICU and PICU show that thrombocytopenia is associated with poorer outcomes. Our study suggests that this also holds true in the acute general pediatric patient population. Additionally it gives us insight into common diagnosis categories and admission sources which may have more negative outcomes. Our data supports the concept that providers should be aware of the potential negative impact of thrombocytopenia in the acute pediatric patient and pay them closer attention. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Wu, Yali, Ying Ma, Xianfang Song, Lihu Yang e Shengtian Yang. "Responses of Water Fluxes and Water-Use Efficiency of Maize to Warming Based on Water Transformation Dynamical Processes Experimental Device (WTDPED) Experiment". Water 10, n.º 11 (14 de novembro de 2018): 1660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10111660.
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Evaluating the impacts of warming on water balance components in the groundwater–soil–plant–atmosphere continuum (GSPAC) and crop growth are crucial for assessing the risk of water resources and food security under future global warming. A water transformation dynamical processes experimental device (WTDPED) was developed using a chamber coupled with a weighing lysimeter and groundwater supply system, which could simultaneously control both climatic and ground-water level conditions and accurately monitor water fluxes in the GSPAC. Two experiments with maize under increased temperature by 2 °C (T-warm) and ambient temperature (T-control) scenarios were conducted via the WTDPED. The duration of growing season decreased from 125 days under T-control to 117 days under 2 °C warming. There was little difference of total evapotranspiration (ET) (332.6 mm vs. 332.5 mm), soil water storage change (∆W) (−119.0 mm vs. −119.0 mm), drainage (D) (−13.6 mm vs. −13.5 mm) between T-control and T-warm experiments. The average daily ET for maize significantly increased by approximately 6.7% (p < 0.05) in the T-warm experiment, especially during the sixth leaf to tasseling—silking stage with an increase of 0.36 mm with respect to the T-control experiment. There were evident decreases in LAI (leaf area index), whereas non-significant decreases in mean stem diameter, crop height and leaf chlorophyll content under T-warm compared to T-control experiment. However, the chlorophyll content increased by 12% during the sixth leaf to tasseling–silking stage under 2 °C warming, which accelerated the photosynthesis and transpiration rate. The grain yield and water-use efficiency (WUE) for maize increased by 11.0% and 11.1% in the T-warm experiment, respectively, especially due to enhanced growth during the sixth leaf to tasseling–silking stage. This study provided important references for agricultural planting and water management to adapt to a warming environment.
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Nunes, Diego Mendes Ferreira, André Lincoln Barroso Magalhães, André Alberto Weber, Rafael Zeferino Gomes, Felipe Talin Normando, Kleber Biana Santiago, Elizete Rizzo e Nilo Bazzoli. "Influence of a large dam and importance of an undammed tributary on the reproductive ecology of the threatened fish matrinxã Brycon orthotaenia Günther, 1864 (Characiformes: Bryconidae) in southeastern Brazil". Neotropical Ichthyology 13, n.º 2 (junho de 2015): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20140084.
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A total of 312 adults of matrinxã were captured bimonthly, between 2011-2012, in two sites of the rio São Francisco: immediately downstream of the Três Marias Dam (site 1) and in the confluence with the rio Abaeté (site 2). Specimens of Brycon orthotaenia from site 2 presented higher values of total length (32.24 ± 5.70 cm for females and 26.64 ± 3.79 cm for males) and body weight (506.66 ± 332.17 g for females and 267.36 ± 145.84 g for males), when compared with the site 1. In site 2 was registered the highest GSI means (9.97 ± 2.96 for females and 0.93 ± 0.52 for males), compared with the site 1 means. Reproduction period occurred from October to February. Unlike site 2, no spawned females or spent males were captured in site 1. Significant differences were found between females and males in site 2 (χ2 = 26.84, df = 1, P < 0.05). Physical-chemical parameters of the water presented higher values in site 2. The canonical correlation test indicated that the reproduction of males is less susceptible to environmental factors than that of females. These results show that B. orthotaenia finds favourable conditions to reproduction just in site 2.
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Jia, Mengying, Meng Wang e Yucheng Zhou. "A Flexible and Highly Sensitive Pressure Sense Electrode Based on Cotton Pulp for Wearable Electronics". Polymers 15, n.º 9 (28 de abril de 2023): 2095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15092095.
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Flexible pressure sensors with high sensitivity have great potential applications in wearable electronics. However, it is still a great challenge to prepare sense electrodes with high flexibility, high sensitivity, and high electrochemical performance. Here, we propose a novel and simple method for carbonizing cotton fibers as excellent electrically conductive materials. Moreover, carbonized cotton fiber (CCF) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were assembled into a flexible sense electrode. The CCF/PDMS electrode shows a high sensitivity of 10.8 kPa−1, a wide response frequency from 0.2–2.0 Hz, and durability over 900 cycles. The combined CCF/PDMS sensors can monitor human movement and pulse vibration, showing the enormous potential for use in wearable device technology. Additionally, the CCF/PDMS can be used as electrodes with a specific capacitance of 332.5 mF cm−2 at a current density of 5 mA cm−2, thanks to their high electrical conductivity and hydrophilicity, demonstrating the promising prospect of flexible supercapacitors.
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O'Dell, Deb, Neal S. Eash, Bruce B. Hicks, Joel N. Oetting, Thomas J. Sauer, Dayton M. Lambert, Joanne Logan, Wesley C. Wright e James A. Zahn. "Reducing CO2 Flux by Decreasing Tillage in Ohio: Overcoming Conjecture with Data". Journal of Agricultural Science 10, n.º 3 (9 de fevereiro de 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n3p1.
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While the literature is clear about excessive tillage decreasing soil carbon (C) content, there are few experimental studies that document the comparative effects of soil and crop management on C sequestration. Using micrometeorology we measured CO2 flux from a maize crop grown on both no-till and tilled soils in north-central Ohio. We used Bowen Ratio Energy Balance (BREB) systems to quantify the flux between the atmosphere and either the soil surface (at crop planting) or 0.2 m above the canopy once the crop was established and growing. The no-till plot sequestered 263 g CO2 m-2 (90% confidence interval -432.1 to -99.9) while the tilled plot emitted 146 g CO2 m-2 (90% confidence interval -53.3 to 332.2) during 104 days of the 2015 growing season; a net difference of 410 g CO2 m-2. The difference is statistically significant at the 90% confidence level (based on a bootstrap analysis). The results indicate that no-tillage practices can sequester C, maintain soil productivity, and ensure landscape sustainability.
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Pöttgen, R., K. H. Wachtmann, W. Jeitschko, A. Lang e T. Ebel. "Er5Re2C7, Tm5Re2C7, and Lu5Re2C7 with Sc5Re2C7 Type, and Yb2ReC2 with Pr2ReC2 Type Structures". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 52, n.º 2 (1 de fevereiro de 1997): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1997-0216.
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Abstract Er5Re2C7, Tm5Re2C7, and Lu5Re2C7 were prepared by arc-melting of the elemental components and subsequent annealing at 800 °C. Er5Re2C7 forms only after the annealing process, whereas the other two carbides were already present in the as cast samples. They crystallize with a Sc5Re2C7 type structure, which was refined from single-crystal X-ray data of Lu5Re2C7: Cmmm, a = 791.44(5), b = 1418.08(8), c = 332.79(2) pm, Z = 2, R = 0.037 for 544 structure factors and 21 variable parameters. The structure contains linear centrosymmetric C3 units with a C-C bond length of 133(2) pm and isolated carbon atoms in octahedral coordination of four lutetium and two rhenium atoms. The rhenium atoms within the two-dimensionally infinite polymeric sheets [Re2C4]n are electronically saturated as is indicated by the diamagnetism and the semiconductivity of this carbide. Yb2ReC2 was prepared by reacting the elements in a sealed tantalum tube with a high-frequency furnace. It crystallizes with a Pr2ReC2 type structure: Pnma, a = 645.91(6), b = 498.64(6), and c = 966.05(6) pm. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate the ytterbium atoms to be trivalent in this compound.
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Fattah, Z. A., Suharyanto e S. Sangkawati. "The influence of onshore harbour layout on coastal sedimentation and erosion at Pekalongan". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1268, n.º 1 (1 de dezembro de 2023): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1268/1/012012.
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Abstract Pekalongan City is an area that experience floods. Therefore, the government launched program for flood management in the Pekalongan area. The program requires the PPN Pekalongan to be relocated. The construction of the Pekalongan Onshore Harbour will change the hydrodynamics pattern and transport sediments. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to conduct a study of these changes. High current speeds and high waves will cause high sediment transport, but it can have a different impact. The first impact is high erosion, like in the existing condition T3. The second impact is high sedimentation, such as in T1 layout 1. The third impact is experiencing slight erosion or sedimentation at the end of modelling, but fluctuations during the modelling process are very large, such as in T5 layout 2. The bed level change is -313.5 mm, 20.88 mm, and -13.66 mm, respectively. Slow currents with high waves cause large sedimentation such as T4 layout 2 or high erosion such as T2 in existing conditions with bed level changes of 41.53 mm and -332.07 mm, respectively. Layouts 1 and 2 are in accordance with regulations because it has current speeds below 0.4 m/s and wave heights below 0.5 m.
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Robbo, Anwar, e Muliaty Galib. "EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L.) DI KABUPATEN LUWU". Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 10, n.º 2 (1 de julho de 2023): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2023.010.2.15.
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Rice is one of the food crops and commercial crops. Rice also has the potential to contribute significantly to increasing income and employment in rural areas. As indicated by rice imports from Thailand and Vietnam, national rice production has not been able to meet domestic demand. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the actual and potential land suitability levels of rice plants in Luwu Regency and (2) to find out the limiting factors for actual and potential land suitability of rice plants in Luwu Regency. Evaluation of rice land suitability using the FAO method. Based on the limiting factors of land characteristics. The results showed that the actual land suitability of plants was marginal (S3fn) with the limiting factors for nutrient retention (organic C) and available nutrients (P2O5 and K2O). Efforts to improve the limiting factor can be made by adding 59.6 t organic matter ha-1, 332.6 kg P2O5 ha-1, and 98 kg K2O ha-1 so that the actual land suitability of marginal (S3) becomes very suitable (S1).
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Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina, Paraskev Nedialkov e Ulrich Giresser. "A Validated HPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Caffeoyl Phenylethanoid Glucosides and Flavone 8-C-glycosides in Haberlea rhodopensis". Natural Product Communications 11, n.º 6 (junho de 2016): 1934578X1601100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1601100622.
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A HPLC-UV method for analysis of the main compounds: caffeoyl phenylethanoid glucosides myconoside (1) and paucifloside (2) and flavone 8-C-glycosides: hispidulin 8-C-β-galactopyranoside (3), hispidulin 8-C-(2″-O-syringoyl-β-glucopyranoside) (4), hispidulin 8-C-(6-O-acetyl-β-glucopyranoside) (5) and hispidulin 8-C-(6-0-acetyl-2″-0-syringoyl-β-glucopyranoside) (6) in Haberlea rhodopensis leaves was developed and validated. Compound 3 was isolated for the first time from the title species. Ultrasound extraction with 80% methanol at room temperature allowed a good recovery of analytes (from 87.2 % for 1 to 109.8 % for 3) and the precision of the entire procedure was between 1.6% and 6.9%. The subsequent HPLC separation and quantification was achieved using a Hypersil ODS C18 column and UV detection at 280 nm. The mobile phase comprised methanol and 0.1 % o-phosphoric acid, and gradient elution mode was applied. The detection limits ranged from 0.042 μg/mL (6) to 0.18 μg/mL (5). The total amount in leaves of the assayed phenolic compounds was 374.2 mg/g. Myconoside was found to be the dominant compound in H. rhodopensis extract (332.2 ±0.7 mg/g dw) and reached up to 88.8% of the analyzed mixture in leaves, while the total content of flavone C-glycosides was 17.1 mg/g dw.
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Zhao, Zhen, Tie Wang, Baifu Zhang e Jinhong Shi. "Energy Harvesting from Vehicle Suspension System by Piezoelectric Harvester". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (15 de agosto de 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1086983.
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In this paper, a new type of piezoelectric harvester for vehicle suspension systems is designed and presented that addresses the current problems of low energy density, vibration energy dissipation, and reduced energy harvesting efficiency in current technologies. A new dual-mass, two degrees of freedom (2-DOF), suspension dynamic model for the harvester was developed for the inertial mass and the force of the energy conversion component by combining with the piezoelectric power generation model, the rotor dynamics model, and the traditional 2-DOF suspension model. The influence of factors such as vehicle speed, the parameters of the harvester, and road classification on the root mean square (RMS) of the generated electric power is discussed. The results show that the RMS increases with the increase of the speed of the vehicle, the thickness and length of piezoelectric patches and magnetic slabs, and the residual flux density of magnets and road roughness coefficient and with the decrease of the width of piezoelectric patches and magnetic slabs and the space between the stator ring and the rotator ring. In the present research, a power of up to 332.4 W was harvested. The proposed model provides a powerful reference for future studies of energy harvesting from vehicle suspension systems.
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Sharma, Anil, Pragya Pandit, Asha Attri e Sanigdha Acharya. "Measurement of radon exhalation rate and radiation doses in fly ash samples". Radiation Protection Dosimetry 200, n.º 11-12 (julho de 2024): 1127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncae110.
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Abstract Coal based thermal power plants contribute about ~ 72% of the power generation in India. Indian coal is of bituminous type, having a high ash content with 55–60% ash. Due to considerable environmental importance the collected fly ash has become a subject of worldwide interest in recent years. In the present study radon exhalation rate and the activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K radionuclides in fly ash samples from Kasimpur Thermal Power Plant, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India have been measured by ‘Sealed Can technique’ using LR-115 type II detectors and a low-level NaI (Tl)- based gamma-ray spectrometer, respectively. Radon exhalation rate has been found to vary from 57.1 ± 5.3 to 119.4 ± 7.7 mBq m−2 h−1 with an average value of 87.3 ± 5.8 mBq m−2 h−1. Activity concentration of 226Ra ranged from 20.0 ± 8.5 to 30.0 ± 9.7 Bq kg−1 with an average value 23.4 ± 9.0 Bq kg−1, 232Th ranged from 17.0 ± 9.9 to 69.0 ± 13.8 Bq kg−1 with an average value of 46.5 ± 12.1 Bq kg−1 and 40K ranged from 130.0 ± 7.2 to 332.0 ± 11.1 Bq kg−1 with an average value of 177.0 ± 8.1 Bq kg−1.
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Kuo, Chung-Feng Jeffrey, Jiong-Bo Chen, Po-Yen Chen e Garuda Raka Satria Dewangga. "Synthesis of acrylic hot-melt adhesive based on poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate) copolymer using atom transfer radical polymerization for a nylon fabric bonding system". Textile Research Journal 89, n.º 23-24 (24 de maio de 2019): 5177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519850836.
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Adhesives, such as hot-melt adhesives (HMAs), are widely used in the textile industry for bonding layers of materials and have replaced traditional sewing methods. The block copolymer is a common type of HMA that provides excellent physical features and mechanical properties compared with others. Acrylate-based monomers, methyl methacrylate (MMA), and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA) were used as ingredients to form a linear block copolymer using atom transfer radical polymerization. MMA provides excellent cohesive strength, while 2-EHA provides good adhesion properties. An end-brominated poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA-Br) macroinitiator was synthesized from a MMA monomer and initiator, with the best composition obtained by the addition of a 0.6 mol initiator. The macroinitiator had the lowest molecular weight with highest conversion (97%). The addition of a 0.3 mol macroinitiator showed the lowest molecular weight with the highest conversion of acrylic copolymer PMMA- b-poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate) (PEHA). The glass transition temperature increased with the addition of the macroinitiator concentration, from −43.7℃ to −37.6℃. The thermal stability was reduced with the addition of macroinitiator content, from 332.37℃ to 286.81℃. The shear strength and peel strength of the PMMA- b-PEHA HMAs on nylon fabrics were enhanced from 11.24 to 16.92 kg cm−2 and from 0.29 to 0.61 kg cm−1, respectively, and did not change significantly after being washed 50 times and then kept in low-temperature storage, with the addition of the macroinitiator concentration. The block copolymer PMMA- b-PEHA prepared in this study could be used as a HMA for nylon fabric bonding systems.
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Cream, Carlos, Eugene Nattie e Aihua Li. "TRH microdialysis into the RTN of the conscious rat increases breathing, metabolism, and temperature". Journal of Applied Physiology 87, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 1999): 673–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.2.673.
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Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) injected into the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) of anesthetized rats produces a large, prolonged stimulation of ventilatory output (C. L. Cream, A. Li, and E. E. Nattie. J. Appl. Physiol. 83: 792–799, 1997). Here we inject or dialyze TRH into the RTN of conscious rats. In 6 of 17 injections (200 nl, 3.1 ± 1.7 mM), ventilation (V˙e) increased 31% by 10 min, with recovery by 60 min. With dialysis, each animal of one group ( n = 5) received, in random order, 10 mM TRH, 10 mM TRHOH (a metabolite of TRH), and artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF); each animal of a second group ( n = 5) received aCSF and 1 mM TRH. TRHOH and aCSF had no sustained effects. TRH (1 mM) increasedV˙e (32%, P < 0.02, by 10 min, with recovery by 60 min), O2 consumption (V˙o 2; 19%, P < 0.03), and body (rectal) temperature (Tre; 0.5°C, P < 0.09). TRH (10 mM) increasedV˙e (78%, P < 0.01, by 10 min, with no recovery at 60 min), V˙o 2(48%, P < 0.01), and Tre (1.0°C, P < 0.01). TRH also induced arousal. The tissue volume affected in dialysis, estimated by spread of dialyzed fluorescein (332.3 mol wt, mol wt of TRH = 362.4), was 1,580 ± 256 nl for 10 mM ( n = 5) and 590 ± 128 nl for 1 mM ( n = 5). We conclude that 1) the RTN is involved in the integration ofV˙e,V˙o 2, Tre, and arousal and 2) TRH may establish the responsiveness of RTN neurons.
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Asi, Sabah Lateef, Mohammed Tarkhan Abo – Almeekh e Hammed Kadhum Abd – Al Ameer. "Effect of Saline Irrigation Water and Organic Waste Quality on Some Growth and Yield Parameters of Barley". JOURNAL OF UNIVERSITY OF BABYLON for Pure and Applied Sciences 26, n.º 10 (21 de dezembro de 2018): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29196/jubpas.v26i10.1836.
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Field experiment was conducted in Al-Yosfia region at 2016-2017 in loamy soil to investigate the effect of three levels of saline water (River water, drainage water 4.3 dS.m-1, and drainage water 7.2 dS.m-1) and three types of analytical organic fertilizer (Poultry waste ,cow waste, and Ground corn cobs) with 12 ton.h-1 and their interaction on some growth and yield parameters of Barley Al-Warkaa Var., the experiment at RCBD with three replicates using LSD test at 5% to compare between parameter means.
The results showed that when using saline irrigation water, the values of growth and yield parameter decrease while organic waste reduces the negative effect of saline irrigation water, the poultry waste gave the significant increase of parameter values followed by cow waste then ground corn cobs. The interaction between (Poultry waste and river water) gave higher means to plant height, vegetative dry matter, leaf area, chlorophyll content, No. of spike.m-2 , No. of seeds per spike, the weight of 1000 seeds, total seeds yield, biological yield, and harvesting index. The value was 98.4 cm , 17.4 g, 27.4 cm2 , 51.2 spads, 332.6 spikes.m2 , 38.2 seed per spike, 38.2 g , 4.853 ton.h-1, 15.423 ton.h-1 , and 31.47% respectively.
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Cao, Yingting, Shiqi Zhen, Anne Taylor, Sarah Appleton, Evan Atlantis e Zumin Shi. "Magnesium Intake and Sleep Disorder Symptoms: Findings from the Jiangsu Nutrition Study of Chinese Adults at Five-Year Follow-Up". Nutrients 10, n.º 10 (21 de setembro de 2018): 1354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10101354.
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(1) Background: In clinical trials, dietary magnesium use can improve insomnia symptoms. However, little is known about the association between dietary magnesium consumption and sleep disorder symptoms including daytime falling asleep, sleepiness and snoring at the population level. (2) Methods: We used data from 1487 adults aged 20 and above attending the Jiangsu Nutrition Study. At baseline in 2002, dietary magnesium was assessed by 3-day weighed food records. At follow-up in 2007, sleep disorder symptoms, including daytime falling asleep, sleepiness and snoring at night, were gathered using a sleep questionnaire. (3) Results: The mean intake of magnesium was 332.5 mg/day. In total, 5.3%, 13.2% and 35.7% of the subjects reported daytime falling asleep, daytime sleepiness, and snoring during sleep, respectively. Compared with the lowest quartile of magnesium intake, the highest quartile was associated with decreased likelihood of falling asleep (odds ratio (OR) 0.12 (0.02, 0.57)) in women but not in men after adjusting for demographic, anthropometric, lifestyle factors, hypertension, and overall dietary patterns. No associations were found between dietary magnesium intake and daytime sleepiness nor night snoring in either gender. (4) Conclusions: Dietary magnesium intake may have long-term benefits in reducing the likelihood of daytime falling asleep in women.
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Sang, Lingfeng, Masayuki Yamamura, Fangyan Dong, Zhongxue Gan, Jianzhong Fu, Hongbo Wang e Yu Tian. "Analysis, Design, and Experimental Research of a Novel Wheelchair-Stretcher Assistive Robot". Applied Sciences 10, n.º 1 (29 de dezembro de 2019): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010264.
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Life care for disabled or semi-disabled elderly has become an increasingly common problem in society. In this paper, a novel wheelchair-stretcher assistive robot, which can meet the physiological needs of patients, is investigated and designed. The following tasks are conducted: (1) the mecanum wheel is adopted as the executive device of the walking mechanism, and its kinematics is analyzed in detail. (2) A five-link mechanism with single degree of freedom is proposed to realize the folding motion of the robot. Through the minimum conclusive area method, the optimal sizes of the armrests link and the side link are 507.9, and 332.5 mm, respectively. Based on the force analysis of the linkage mechanism, six torsion springs and RV (rotate vector) reduction motor are used as the driving device, which reduces the driving torque of the motor. (3) Based on the STM32 (STMicroelectronics 32-bits Microcontroller) chip, and combined with the theoretical analysis, the mechanical structure and the control system of the whole prototype are designed, and the feasibility of each module is verified by experimental research. The results confirm that the proposed robot has good performance, and that the control algorithm for the walking mechanism and the lifting mechanism are suitable.
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Gonzalez-Nahm, Sarah, Kiran Nihlani, John S. House, Rachel L. Maguire, Harlyn G. Skinner e Cathrine Hoyo. "Associations between Maternal Cadmium Exposure with Risk of Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight: Effect of Mediterranean Diet Adherence on Affected Prenatal Outcomes". Toxics 8, n.º 4 (20 de outubro de 2020): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics8040090.
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Prenatal cadmium exposure at non-occupational levels has been associated with poor birth outcomes. The intake of essential metals, such as iron and selenium, may mitigate cadmium exposure effects. However, at high levels, these metals can be toxic. The role of dietary patterns rich in these metals is less studied. We used a linear and logistic regression in a cohort of 185 mother–infant pairs to assess if a Mediterranean diet pattern during pregnancy modified the associations between prenatal cadmium exposure and (1) birth weight and (2) preterm birth. We found that increased cadmium exposure during pregnancy was associated with lower birth weight (β = −210.4; 95% CI: −332.0, −88.8; p = 0.008) and preterm birth (OR = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.72; p = 0.04); however, these associations were comparable in offspring born to women reporting high adherence to a Mediterranean diet (β = −274.95; 95% CI: −701.17, 151.26; p = 0.20) and those with low adherence (β = −64.76; 95% CI: −359.90, 230.37; p = 0.66). While the small sample size limits inference, our findings suggest that adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern may not mitigate cadmium exposure effects. Given the multiple organs targeted by cadmium and its slow excretion rate, larger studies are required to clarify these findings.
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Wang, Guang, Zhe Zhang, Jie Yu, Fuchun Zhang, Liyun He, Jinru Wei, Jieming Mao e Xian Wang. "Antidiabetic Rosiglitazone Reduces Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Level in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Coronary Artery Disease". PPAR Research 2008 (2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/548178.
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Background. We investigated the level of soluble adhesion molecules in diabetic patients and the effect of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ(PPAR-γ) agonist rosiglitazone on plasma levels of adhesion molecules and an inflammation marker in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods. A total of 116 diabetic patients with CAD who had undergone PCI were randomized to receive rosiglitazone (4 mg/d) or not for 6 months. Plasma levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecules (sICAM-1) and P-selectin (sP-selectin) were measured on ELISA.Results. After 6-month rosiglitazone treatment, plasma levels of sICAM-1 were lower than baseline and control group levels (370.4 (332.4–421.9) pg/mL versus 423.5 (327.4–500.3) pg/mL and 404.6 (345.2–483.4) pg/mL,P<.001). In addition, plasma levels of C-reactive protein were significantly reduced from baseline levels. However, plasma level of sP-selectin was not significantly lowered with rosiglitazone treatment than with control treatment after 6-month follow-up.Conclusions. Rosiglitazone reduces chronic inflammatory responses and improves levels of markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with diabetes and CAD. PPAR-γagonist may have a beneficial effect on the vascular endothelium through its anti-inflammatory mechanism and may be useful as therapy in patients undergoing PCI.
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Bello, Saheed A., E. D. Mshelia e Peter Ogoja. "DETERMINATION OF IMMEDIATE CAUSES OF 2017 FLOOD EVENT IN DADIN KOWA TOWN, GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA". FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, n.º 3 (23 de setembro de 2020): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0403-387.
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The 2017 Dadin Kowa flood had a more devastating effect in Hore Gare and Tunga areas. The flood occurred as a result of high rainfall, obstruction, siltation and encroachment into flood-prone areas. Monthly maximum and annual rainfall analyses were carried out. The month of June, 2017 received the maximum monthly rainfall of a total of 344 mm which coincided with the month the flood occurred. The analysis of data indicated that flooding in Dadin Kowa town is rainfall-induced and the river channels are expected to be on higher risks of flooding when the channel obstruction capacity coincides with high rainfall intensity. The mean value of annual and maximum rainfall is 834.93 mm and 249.08 mm with standard deviation of 131.95 mm and 49.24 mm respectively at Dadin Kowa town. The recurrence interval of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 years of monthly maximum rainfall is 250.70 mm, 292.80 mm, 313.00 mm, 332.70 mm, 344.30 mm, 353.90 mm and 362.00 mm respectively. The frequency analysis of the return period of the maximum monthly rainfall of 344.00 mm is expected to occur in 50 years from 2018 with a magnitude of 344.30 mm. Also, the recurrence interval of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 years of annual maximum rainfall is 838.78 mm, 949.40 mm, 1003.60 mm, 1057.70 mm, 1090.30 mm, 1118.10 mm and 1142.10 mm respectively. The frequency analysis of the return period of the
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Chen, Hung-Yueh, Chang-Wei Hsieh, Pin-Cheng Chen, Shin-Pin Lin, Ya-Fen Lin e Kuan-Chen Cheng. "Development and Optimization of Djulis Sourdough Bread Fermented by Lactic Acid Bacteria for Antioxidant Capacity". Molecules 26, n.º 18 (17 de setembro de 2021): 5658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26185658.
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This study developed a nutritionally valuable product with bioactive activity that improves the quality of bread. Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum), a native plant of Taiwan, was fermented using 23 different lactic acid bacteria strains. Lactobacillus casei BCRC10697 was identified as the ideal strain for fermentation, as it lowered the pH value of samples to 4.6 and demonstrated proteolysis ability 1.88 times higher than controls after 24 h of fermentation. Response surface methodology was adopted to optimize the djulis fermentation conditions for trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). The optimal conditions were a temperature of 33.5 °C, fructose content of 7.7%, and dough yield of 332.8, which yielded a TEAC at 6.82 mmol/kg. A 63% increase in TEAC and 20% increase in DPPH were observed when compared with unfermented djulis. Subsequently, the fermented djulis was used in different proportions as a substitute for wheat flour to make bread. The total phenolic and flavonoid compounds were 4.23 mg GAE/g and 3.46 mg QE/g, marking respective increases of 18% and 40% when the djulis was added. Texture analysis revealed that adding djulis increased the hardness and chewiness of sourdough breads. It also extended their shelf life by approximately 2 days. Thus, adding djulis to sourdough can enhance the functionality of breads and may provide a potential basis for developing djulis-based functional food.
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Wang, S. T., C. Bao, Y. He, X. Tian, Y. Yang, T. Zhang e K. F. Xu. "Hydrogen gas (XEN) inhalation ameliorates airway inflammation in asthma and COPD patients". QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 113, n.º 12 (14 de maio de 2020): 870–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa164.
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Summary Background Hydrogen was proven to have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation effects to various diseases. Aim We wish to investigate the acute effects of inhaled hydrogen on airway inflammation in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Design Prospective study. Methods In total, 2.4% hydrogen containing steam mixed gas (XEN) was inhaled once for 45 min in 10 patients with asthma and 10 patients with COPD. The levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, interferon-γ, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and so on in peripheral blood and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) before and after ‘XEN’ inhalation were measured. Results 45 minutes ‘XEN’ inhalation once decreased monocyte chemotactic protein 1 level in both COPD (564.70–451.51 pg/mL, P = 0.019) and asthma (386.39–332.76 pg/mL, P = 0.033) group, while decreased IL-8 level only in asthma group (5.25–4.49 pg/mL, P = 0.023). The level of EBC soluble cluster of differentiation-40 ligand in COPD group increased after inhalation (1.07–1.16 pg/mL, P = 0.031), while IL-4 and IL-6 levels in EBC were significantly lower after inhalation in the COPD (0.80–0.64 pg/mL, P = 0.025) and asthma (0.06–0.05 pg/mL, P = 0.007) group, respectively. Conclusions A single inhalation of hydrogen for 45 min attenuated inflammatory status in airways in patients with asthma and COPD.
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Rahman, Md Towhidur, Md Mofazzal Sharif e AS Mohiuddin. "Three-dimensional pituitary gland volume on MRI - A normative study". KYAMC Journal 9, n.º 2 (10 de setembro de 2018): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v9i2.38147.
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Background: Standard reference values for the pituitary gland volume of healthy Bangladeshi is necessary to facilitate assessment and diagnosis of pituitary pathology.Objectives: To obtain the dimensions of normal pituitary gland using T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI) and to determine their relationship with age, sex.Materials & Methods: MRI of 100 individuals with clinically normal pituitary function (age range 14- 82 years) was taken in order to obtain volumetric measurements of the pituitary gland. The data obtained were stratified based on age and sex for analysis.Results: The mean pituitary gland volumes were 332.1 ± 146.8 mm3 and 324.2 ± 130.2 mm3 while the mean pituitary heights were 6.22 ± 1.6 mm and 6.42 ± 1.57 mm in males and females, respectively. Although there was no statistically significant difference between pituitary height and pituitary volume in both sexes, they correlated negatively with increasing age (r = -202, P = 0.04 and r = -410, P = 0.000, respectively). The mean pituitary widths (9.03 ± 2.48 mm and 9.21 ± 1.84 mm) and depths (10.5 ± 1.6 mm and 10.42 ± 1.52 mm) in males and females, respectively, did not show remarkable changes with age and sex in the individuals studied. Statistical tests applied included Student's t-test and Pearson correlation. A minimum level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.Conclusion: With this study, we have provided reference values in Bangladeshi population for the dimensions of normal pituitary gland.KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-2, July 2018, Page 53-55
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As, Zulfikar Ali, Hardiono Hardiono e Syarifudin A. "Percobaan Produksi Biogas dari Kotoran Sapi dan Kotoran Ayam dengan Penambahan Enzim Papain". JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan 11, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2014): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.31964/jkl.v11i1.9.
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Production of Biogas from Cow Manure and Chicken Manure with Addition of Papain. Farms not only contribute positively to meet the demands of protein and increase incomes but also have a negative impact on the environment due to their wastes, especially manure. Biogas produced from the anaerobic decomposition of organic waste is a solution of manure utilization to be a fuel which is cheap and environmentally friendly. To accelerate the production of biogas it is needed a proteoloitik enzyme from papaya, which is called papain. This study aims to calculate the production of biogas from cow manure and chicken manure with addition of papain. The experiments were conducted in the digester made from plastic drums and observed for 30 days. The results showed that the papain influenced of production acceleration of biogas from cow manure. Comparison of biogas production in a week from cow manure: cow manure + 2 kgs of papaya pieces: cow manure + 4 kgs of papaya pieces are 202.7 liters: 263 liters: 332.3 liters. Cow manure did not need other ingredients except water with ratio 1: 1½ . Chicken manure had not been able to produce biogas because their CN ratio was not eligible, although the chaff had been added to increase the carbon content. Biogas from cow manure with addition of papain can be applied on a wider scale, while biogas from chicken manure requires other ingredients that biodegrade easier to add C content in the mixture. Keywords : biogas; cow manure; chicken manure; papain
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Tan, Uğur, e Olcay Arabacı. "A Comprehensive Study on the Agronomic and Technological Responses of Different Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) Varieties at Diverse Sowing Times". Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 12, n.º 6 (10 de junho de 2024): 1019–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v12i6.1019-1025.6556.
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In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of different sowing times and different varieties of German chamomilla (Matricaria recutita L.) on agronomic and technological characteristics. The study was conducted in experimental fields of the Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture in Adnan Menderes University. Two different tetraploid Matricaria recutita L. (Bodegold and Zloty Lan) cultivars were used for this study. Zloty Lan was provided by Germany and Bodegold was provided from Atatürk Central Horticultural Research Institute. The trial was conducted according to a split plot experimental design with 4 block. Factors consist of 5 sowing times as main plots (1 October, 15 October, 1 November, 15 November, 1 December) and 2 genotypes as subplots (Bodegold and Zloty Lan). The effect of sowing times and genotypes was found statistically significant on fresh flower yield. The highest flower yield was found 61.61 kg da-1 . The average values for plant height ranged from 45.43 to 55.20 cm, flower diameter ranged from 25.24 to 27.53 mm, biomass ranged from 130 to 332.3 kg da-1, fresh flower yield ranged from 19.74 to 61.61 kg da-1 , drug herb ranged from 35.5 to 73.5 kg da-1 , drug flower ranged from 7.4 to 13.3 kg da-1 , essential oil content ranged from 0.025% to 0.083% and essential oil yield ranged from 0.020 to 0.090 l da-1. The primary constituents of essential oil have been discovered as bisabolol oxide a and bisabolene oxide.
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Burbach, Günter, Norbert Weiden e Alarich Weiss. "Molecular Motions in Solid [Sb(CH3)4]PF6. A Combined 11H,9F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Quasielastic Neutron Scattering Study". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 47, n.º 5 (1 de maio de 1992): 689–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1992-0510.
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Abstract The molecular dynamics of tetramethylstibonium hexafluorophosphate, [Sb(CH3)4]PF6, is investigated over a broad temperature range. NMR spin lattice relaxation times T1 and the NMR second moments of the 1H and 19F nuclei were determined in the range 8.6 ≦ T/K ≦ 332.3 for polycrystalline [Sb(CH3)4]PF6. The complex cation undergoes isotropic tumbling for T > 260 K and thermally activated methyl group rotation in the temperature range T < 196 K. The activation energies for the transition from methyl group rotation to cation reorientation, as derived from NMR wideline (18.1 kJ/mol) and relaxation (22.7 kJ/mol) measurements, match. At very low temperatures pseudo classical line narrowing is observed, indicating tunneling motions of the methyl groups. The existence of two crystallographically inequivalent methyl groups is found by X-ray structure analysis at room temperature. The space group is P63mc, Z = 2; a = 738.6 pm, c = 1089.3 pm. It is confirmed by two steps in the temperature dependence of the signal intensity of the quasielastic line in neutron fixed window measurements in the temperature range 2 < T/K <148. The low temperature spin lattice relaxation times can be explained qualitatively by contributions of two crystallographically inequivalent methyl groups. Apparent activation energies for the two crystallographically different methyl groups are estimated. The complex anion undergoes isotropic tumbling in the temperature range 95 < T/K < 330. Above 330 K additionally translational motion is activated. Below 95 K the rotational motion of PF-6 is freezing in via an uniaxial state in range 40 < T/K <80. Activation energies for both isotropical tumbling (10.5 kJ/mol) and uniaxial rotation (5.8 kJ/mol) have been derived from 19F NMR spin lattice relaxation
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Wasim, H., M. Abdelmonem, S. Samir e A. Salah. "Monitoring Of IGF-1 Levels In Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Macro And Microvascular Complications". American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, Supplement_1 (outubro de 2020): S127—S128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.279.
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Abstract Introduction/Objective Introduction: Type-2 diabetes have a risk factor of multiple complications such as coronary artery diseases (CAD), premature atheroscalerosis and diabetic retinopathy. IGF-1 is regulated by a balance of hormones such as growth hormone and insulin. It is important that circulating IGF1 in serum has normal levels to maintain glucose metabolism. Objectives: Monitoring of IGF-1levels in T2DM with macrovascular complications (CVD) and microvascular complications (retinopathy). Methods Subjects and methods: The collection of samples started in June 2018 and ended in December 2018. A total of 114 subjects were enrolled in this study; 98 clinically diagnosed T2D patients who were recruited from the outpatient clinic of the National Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology “NIDE”, in addition to 16 healthy comparable control subjects (without diabetes). The subjects divided into 3 groups. Group 1; a population of 44 T2D patients with macrovascular complications (28 females and 16 males), the mean age was 57.4 years. Group 2; a population of 54 T2D patients with microvascular complicatios (34 females and 20 males), the mean age was 59.1 years. Group 3; a population of 16 healthy subjects (12 female and 4 males), the mean age was 59.2 years. Levels of FBS, C-peptide, HbA1c, Lipid profile, lipoprotein(a), hs-CRP and microalbuminurea were measured in all subjects. Seum concentration of IGF-1 was measured by commercially immunoenzymatic ELIZA method. Results It was found that serum concentration of IGF-1 decreased in diabetic patients groups compared to the control one. The mean±SD of group 1, group 2 and group 3 were (332.2±152.2), (316.9 ±142.2) and (625.4 ± 257.7) respectively. Conclusion It was observed that there was a negative correlation between serum IGF-1 levels in T2D patients compared to the control group. Also, it was found that T2D patients with microvascular complications had lower IGF-1 levels than patients with macrovascular ones. It seems that IGF-1 strongly involved in the incidence and pathogenesis of T2DM complications.
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Ng, Terry L., Rustain Morgan, Tejas Patil, Anna E. Barón e D. Ross Camidge. "The role of positron emission tomography fused with computed tomography (PET/CT) versus CT alone in detecting oligoprogressive disease (OPD) in oncogene-addicted non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, n.º 15_suppl (20 de maio de 2017): e20683-e20683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e20683.
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e20683 Background: OPD represents limited extra-central nervous system (eCNS) progression. In oncogene-addicted NSCLC, OPD can be treated with local ablative therapy to prolong TKI control. The impact of PET/CT vs CT to detect OPD at first eCNS progression has not been assessed previously. Methods: Patients with metastatic EGFR-mutant (EGFR-MT), ALK or ROS-1 rearranged (ALK+, ROS-1+) NSCLC with eCNS progression on a relevant TKI (2010-2016) were identified. Scan methodology at first eCNS progression was noted and progression was categorized as OPD using 2 definitions (≤ 2 or ≤ 4 progressing lesions) or non-OPD. Median time-to-progression (MTTP) was calculated from start of TKI to first eCNS progression. Data was analyzed using Chi squared and log rank tests as appropriate using p < 0.05 as significant. Results: Sixty-seven patients (EGFR-MT = 37, ALK+ = 28, ROS-1 = 2) were analyzable. OPD (≤ 2 lesions) occurred in 62.5% (20/32) noted by PET/CT vs. 54.3 % (19/35) by CT (p = 0.496). OPD (≤ 4 lesions) occurred in 84.4 % (27/32) noted by PET/CT vs. 65.7 % (23/35) by CT (p = 0.080). MTTP in PET/CT-detected OPD (≤ 2) (N = 20) was 332.5 days vs. 143 days in CT-detected OPD (N = 19) (p = 0.0092). MTTP in PET/CT-detected non-OPD ( > 2) (N = 12) was 185 days vs. 109 days in CT-detected non-OPD (N = 17) (p = 0.0503). MTTP in PET/CT-detected OPD (≤ 4) (N = 27) was 298 days vs. 143 days in CT-detected OPD (N = 23) (p = 0.0128). MTTP in PET/CT-detected non-OPD ( > 4) (N = 5) was 167 days vs. 104.5 days in CT-detected non-OPD (N = 12) (p = 0.1090). Conclusions: In this non-randomized retrospective study the proportion of OPD (≤ 2 or ≤ 4 progressing lesions) at first eCNS progression did not differ significantly for PET/CT vs. CT. MTTP was significantly longer for PET/CT vs CT detected OPD, but not for non-OPD progression. Potentially longer MTTP in the PET/CT OPD subgroup may reflect preselecting patients with disease difficult to detect by CT (e.g., bone/lymph node) which is more indolent. A prospective randomized study is required to assess the true impact of PET/CT vs CT on detecting OPD in oncogene-addicted NSCLC on TKI therapy.
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Eme, Paul Eze, Nick D. Kim, Jerone Douwes, Barbara Burlingame, Sunia Foliaki e Carol Wham. "Are Households in Kiribati Nutrition Secure? A Case Study of South Tarawa and Butaritari". Food and Nutrition Bulletin 41, n.º 1 (12 de fevereiro de 2020): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572119891024.
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Background and Objectives: This study assessed the nutritional status among householders in urban South Tarawa and rural Butaritari in Kiribati. Methods and Study Design: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed energy and nutrient intakes, food variety scores, and dietary diversity scores of men and women from 468 households randomly selected in South Tarawa (n = 161) and Butaritari (n = 307) using a 24-hour dietary recall. Nutrient adequacy ratios and mean adequacy ratios of selected nutrients were also determined from 3-day weighed food records collected among participants living in a further 28 households from South Tarawa (n = 29) and Butaritari (n = 44). Results: Based on the 24-hour dietary recall, the average energy intake for men and women was 2536 kcals and 2068 kcals, respectively. Carbohydrate (CHO), fat, and protein intakes for men and women were 332.5 g, 76.5 g, and 130.4 g and 291.7 g, 55.1 g, and 103.5 g, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of household Food Variety Score and Dietary Diversity Score was 3.90 ± 1.25 and 5.44 ± 1.92, respectively. Intakes of vitamin A, calcium, and iron, and zinc were notably deficient in both locations, with the urban participants having lower intakes of vitamin B-1, vitamin B-2, magnesium, and potassium than their rural counterparts. Mean sodium intakes exceeded recommendations for all age groups in South Tarawa except children aged 4 to 6 years. Conclusions: Food consumption patterns of the households in South Tarawa and Butaritari reflected high consumption of nontraditional diets and refined foods, which manifested in inadequate micronutrient intake estimates and low dietary diversity: strong risk factors for noncommunicable diseases such as obesity and diabetes.
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Osadchuk, Iaroslav, Alexander Osadchuk, Vladimir Osadchuk e Lyudmila Krylik. "SELF-OSCILLATING PARAMETRIC HUMIDITY SENSOR WITH FREQUENCY OUTPUT SIGNAL". Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 13, n.º 1 (31 de março de 2023): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.3476.
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A self-oscillating parametric humidity sensor has been developed that implements the principle of "humidity-frequency" conversion into hybrid integrated circuit based on a microelectronic transistor structure with a negative differential resistance, in which the humidity-sensitive element is a resistor of the HR202 type. For the purposes of determining parameters self-oscillating parametric humidity sensor with frequency output a mathematical model has been developed that takes into account the effect of humidity on a sensitive resistive element, which is an integral element of the device. Based on the mathematical model, analytical expressions for the transformation function and the sensitivity equation are obtained. It is shown that the main contribution to the conversion function is made by relative humidity. The computer simulation and experimental studies of a self-oscillating parametric humidity sensor with a frequency output signal contributed to obtaining the main parameters and characteristics, such as the dependence of the generation frequency on changes in relative humidity in the range from 30% to 99%, the change in sensitivity on relative humidity, the dependence of the active and reactive components of the impedance in the frequency range from 50 kHz to 2 GHz; standing wave ratio, change in logarithmic magnitude and spectra of the output signal of a parametric humidity sensor with a frequency output signal in the LTE-800 Downlink frequency range. The obtained electrical characteristics confirm the operability of the developed device. The sensitivity of the developed self-oscillating parametric humidity sensor in the range of relative humidity change from 30% to 99% has a value from 332.8 kHz/% to 130.2 kHz/%.
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Mallepally, Abhinandan Reddy, Rajat Mahajan, Tarush Rustagi, Shakti Amar Goel, Kalidutta Das e Harvinder Singh Chhabra. "Use of Topical Tranexamic Acid to Reduce Blood Loss in Single-Level Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion". Asian Spine Journal 14, n.º 5 (31 de outubro de 2020): 593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.31616/asj.2019.0134.
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Study Design: Nonrandomized, prospective, and case-controlled study.Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of topically applied tranexamic acid (TXA) during different phases of spine surgery.Overview of Literature: Perioperative blood loss is the leading cause of postoperative anemia associated with prolonged stays in hospital and long recovery times. The direct and indirect costs involved pose a significant economic challenge in developing countries. There is no consensus for topical use of tranexamic acid in spine surgery.Methods: Patients requiring a single-level TLIF were divided into two groups. In the TXA group (n=75), the wound surface was soaked with TXA (1 g in 100 mL saline solution) for 3 minutes after exposure, after decompression, and before wound closure, and in the control group (n=175) using only saline. Intraoperative blood loss drain volume was recorded on each of the first 2 days immediately after surgery. An estimated cost analysis was made on the basis of the length of hospital stay and the blood transfusion.Results: IBL for the control group was 783.33±332.71 mL and for intervention group 410.57±189.72 mL (<i>p</i> <0.001). The operative time for control group was 3.24±0.38 hours and for intervention group 2.99±0.79 hours (<i>p</i> <0.695). Hemovac drainage on days 1 and 2 for control group was 167.10±53.83 mL and 99.33±37.5 mL, respectively, and for intervention group 107.03±44.37 mL and 53.38±21.99 mL, respectively (<i>p</i> <0.001). The length of stay was significantly shorter in the intervention group (4.8±1.1 days) compared to control group (7.0±2.3 days). The cost of treatment in the intervention group was US dollar (USD) 4,552.57±1,222.6 compared with that in the control group USD 6,529.9±1,505.04.Conclusions: Topical TXA is a viable, cost-effective method of decreasing perioperative blood loss in major spine surgery with fewer overall complications than other methods. Further studies are required to find the ideal dosage and timing.
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Okonya, JS, e BL Maass. "Protein and iron composition of cowpea leaves: An evaluation of six cowpea varieties grown in Eastern Africa". African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 14, n.º 65 (22 de agosto de 2014): 9329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.65.13645.
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Mineral element, protein-energy and micronutrient deficiencies are primary public health concerns in Eastern and Southern Africa. Promoting the consumption of traditional vegetables such as leaves of cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp could provide cheap sources of protein, micronutrients and mineral elements that can improve the nutritional status of resource-poor subsistence farmers. This study evaluated leaves of two Ugandan cowpea landraces (Icirikukwai and Ebelat) in comparison to four Tanzanian varieties (UG-CP-9, Dakawa, Ex-Iseke and IT 93K2045-29) for leaf crude protein and iron contents. Tender vegetable leaves of landraces, four cowpea varieties and all possible 2-way, 3-way and 4-way combinations were harvested from three trial sites in the villages of Serere, Kikota and Kogili in eastern Uganda. Near Infrared Spectrometry (NIRS) was used to determine the crude protein content and iron concentration of open-air dried leaf samples. ANOVA for the leaf crude protein content and iron concentration data was done using the GLM procedure of SYSTAT. Leaf crude protein of Icirikukwai and Ebelat was 33.0 and 31.3%, while iron concentration was 332.8 and 379.4 µg/g, respectively. Leaf crude protein for the individual varieties was highest (31.84 %) in UG-CP9 leaves and lowest (28.02%) in Ex-Iseke variety. Leaf crude protein for 2-way, 3-way and 4-way mixtures was 30.99, 29.98 and 30.32%, respectively. Leaves from Dakawa variety had the highest iron concentration (349.1 µg/g) of the four Tanzanian varieties tested. The mixture involving leaves from all the four varieties had the highest iron concentration values of 266.1 µg/g while 2-way mixtures gave the lowest iron concentration of 253.2 µg/g. Compared to the tested varieties and their mixtures, iron concentration of landraces was not significantly higher. The protein content varied significantly across all the treatments and sites and was relatively high for a plant source. In addition, cowpea leaves are available as food throughout the cropping season and, thus, can be used for improved food security. These benefits, thereby, make cowpea leaves an indispensable tool to improve the nutritional status of resource-poor subsistence farmers in countries where cowpea is grown.
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Yang, Wen-Chi, Su-Yu Liao, Thien Luan Phan, Nguyen Van Hieu, Pei-Yi Chu, Chin-Chang Yi, Hsing-Ju Wu, Kang-Ming Chang e Congo Tak-Shing Ching. "An Immunosensor for the Detection of ULBP2 Biomarker". Micromachines 11, n.º 6 (3 de junho de 2020): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11060568.
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Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a global health problem that features a very high mortality rate. The UL16 binding protein 2 (ULBP2) is a new biomarker for PC detection. This study develops a simple, reliable, and inexpensive immunosensor for the detection of the ULBP2 antigen while also investigating the effects of an array configuration of connected sensors and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on the immunosensor’s sensitivity. The ULBP2 antibody was immobilized onto the screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) surfaces of three different sensors: a simple SPCE (ULBP2-SPCE); an SPCE array, which is a series of identical SPCE connected to each other at different arrangements of rows and columns (ULBP2-SPCE-1x2 and ULBP2-SPCE-1x3); and an SPCE combined with ZnO nanoparticles (ULBP2-ZnO/SPCE). Impedance spectrum measurements for the immunosensors to ULBP2 antigen were conducted and compared. According to the result, the array configurations (ULBP2-SPCE-1x2 and ULBP2-SPCE-1x3) show an improvement of sensitivity compared to the ULBP2-SPCE alone, but the improvement is not as significant as that of the ULBP2-ZnO/SPCE configuration (ULBP2-ZnO/SPCE > ULBP2-SPCE: 18 times larger). The ULBP2-ZnO/SPCE immunosensor has a low limit of detection (1 pg/mL) and a high sensitivity (332.2 Ω/Log(pg/mL)), excellent linearity (R2 = 0.98), good repeatability (coefficients of variation = 5.03%), and is stable in long-term storage (retaining 95% activity after 28 days storage). In an array configuration, the immunosensor has an increased signal-to-noise ratio (ULBP2-SPCE-1x3 > ULBP2-SPCE: 1.5-fold) and sensitivity (ULBP2-SPCE-1x3 > ULBP2-SPCE: 2.6-fold). In conclusion, either the modification with ZnO nanoparticles onto the sensor or the use of an array configuration of sensors can enhance the immunosensor’s sensitivity. In this study, the best immunosensor for detecting ULBP2 antigens is the ULBP2-ZnO/SPCE immunosensor.
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Massonne, H. J., A. Kennedy, L. Nasdala e T. Theye. "Dating of zircon and monazite from diamondiferous quartzofeldspathic rocks of the Saxonian Erzgebirge – hints at burial and exhumation velocities". Mineralogical Magazine 71, n.º 4 (agosto de 2007): 407–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2007.071.4.407.
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AbstractIn order to better understand the formation and evolution processes of ultrahigh pressure (UHP) felsic rocks, we determined the ages of various domains of zircon and monazite crystals from the diamondiferous quartzofeldspathic rocks of the Saxonian Erzgebirge. According to cathodoluminescence imagery and Th/U ratios, three zircon zones were distinguished. Each was dated using several spot analyses from a sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe analysing Pb, U and Th isotopes. The results were: (1) core zone – 21 analyses: Th/U ≤ 40.023 and 337.0±2.7 Ma (2σ, combined 206Pb/238U-207Pb/235U age); (2) diamond-bearing intermediate zone – 23 analyses: Th/U ≥ 50.037 and 336.8±2.8 Ma; and (3) rim zone – 12 analyses: Th/U = 0.015–0.038 (plus one analysis of 0.164) and 330.2±5.8 Ma. The U-Pb obtained ages are virtually concordant. Furthermore, two oscillatory zoned zircon cores (Th/U ≥ 50.8) yielded (~concordant) ages of ~400 Ma. Six SHRIMP analyses of monazites gave an age of 332.4±2.1 Ma. In addition, Pb, Th and U contents in monazite were analysed with an electron microprobe (EMP). A mean age of 324.7±8.0 (2σ) Ma was acquired from 113 analyses.By combining the defined ages with previously published P-T conditions, minimum velocities for burial and exhumation were estimated. In addition, we present a likely geodynamic scenario involving age data from the literature as well as this study: beginning 340 million years ago, gneisses at the base of a thickened continentalcrust (~1.8 GPa, 650ºC) were transported to depths of at least 130 km, possibly as deep as 250 km. Here they were heated (>1050ºC) and partially melted and as a result began to rise rapidly. The burial and subsequent ascent back to a depth of 50 km, where zircon rims and monazite formed, took only a few million years and perhaps significantly less.
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Hong, S. G., J. E. Park, J. T. Kang, H. J. Oh, M. J. Kim, D. Y. Kim, M. K. Kim, G. Jang e B. C. Lee. "33 REPRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF CLONED DOGS DERIVED FROM SOMATIC CELL NUCLEAR TRANSFER". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, n.º 1 (2009): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv21n1ab33.
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Several cloned dogs have been successfully produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer. However, there is no investigation of its reproductive characteristics including changes of hormone and ovarian follicles in cloned dogs. Thus, this study was to examine the onset of puberty, follicular dynamics, and reproductive hormone profiles in cloned beagle dogs. Two female cloned beagles, derived from fetal fibroblasts, were compared to 2 individual age- and weight-matched female beagles produced by natural breeding. All dogs were examined twice weekly from 6 months for the presence of swelling of the vulva and serosanguineous vaginal discharge, which were used as markers of the onset of proestrus. From the first day of proestrus, jugular venous blood samples were collected twice a day for hormonal analysis. Also, from the day when progesterone concentration was >1 ng mL–1 until 5 days after ovulation, blood sampling was carried out 3 times a day. Ultrasound examination of ovaries and uterus was performed daily from the onset of proestrous until 5th day post-ovulation. Cloned female dogs (332.5 ± 1.5 days) reached puberty later than controls (300 ± 8 days). The mean number of ovarian follicles was 4.5 ± 0.5 v. 6.5 ± 0.5 for clones and controls, respectively. The largest size of ovarian follicles in clones and controls detected by ultrasound were 0.6 ± 0.03 v. 0.69 ± 0.07 cm, respectively. It took 8 days from the initiation of vulvar bleeding to the LH peak in all beagles. Moreover, there were no differences in the profile of hormonal changes (LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone) in cloned and control beagles. These results demonstrate that cloned dogs have normal development of reproduction. This study was financially supported by the Korean MEST, through KOSEF (grant # M10625030005-08N250300510) and the BK21 program for Veterinary Science.
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Gillich, Cédric, Dilara Akhoundova, Michael Hayoz, Yolanda Aebi, Carlo R. Largiadèr, Katja Seipel, Michael Daskalakis, Ulrike Bacher e Thomas Pabst. "Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Chemotherapy with Treosulfan and Melphalan in Multiple Myeloma". Cancers 15, n.º 10 (10 de maio de 2023): 2699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15102699.
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(1) Background: Upfront treatment consolidation with high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has relevantly contributed to achieving durable remissions following induction treatment in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. The optimization of HDCT regimens can, therefore, essentially contribute to improving the depth and duration of tumor remissions. To date, melphalan at 200 mg/m2 is the standard HDCT regimen for fit MM patients. In our previous work, we showed promising efficacy and safety results for treosulfan (14 g/m2) and melphalan (200 mg/m2) (TreoMel) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients receiving ASCT. Based on these data, TreoMel became the standard of care for fit MM patients at our institution. (2) Methods: We identified 115 consecutive MM patients who underwent consolidation with TreoMel between 01/2020 and 08/2022 at the University Hospital of Bern. We analyzed the safety and efficacy data, as well as the treosulfan pharmacokinetics, correlating them with tumor responses. (3) Results: A complete response (CR) rate of 84% was achieved, which is comparable to the CR rate reported for the quadruplet combination. The median PFS was 30 months (95% CI: 20.4—not reached), and the 31-month OS rate was 83%. The median area under the curve (AUC) for treosulfan was 952.5 mg*h/L (range: 527.4–1781.4), and the median peak level was 332.3 mg/L (range: 168–554). The treosulfan pharmacokinetics showed no significant correlation with MM responses after HDCT and ASCT. However, female patients had a significantly higher AUC (p = 0.007) and peak value (p = 0.001), and the higher values were associated with longer hospitalizations. (4) Conclusions: Treatment consolidation with TreoMel HDCT demonstrated a promising efficacy and safety profile in our cohort of MM patients and deserves further investigation in prospective studies.
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Beck, H., E. Ficker e U. Heinemann. "Properties of two voltage-activated potassium currents in acutely isolated juvenile rat dentate gyrus granule cells". Journal of Neurophysiology 68, n.º 6 (1 de dezembro de 1992): 2086–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1992.68.6.2086.
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1. The properties of outward currents were investigated in acutely isolated dentate gyrus granule cells at postnatal ages of day 5-7, 10-14, 18-24 (P5-7, P10-14, P18-24) and at adulthood (2-3 mo), with the use of the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. 2. Kinetic analysis and pharmacological properties showed that an A-type K+ current (IA) and a delayed rectifier current (IK) were present in these cells. 3. IA in P10-14 cells activated and inactivated rapidly with a decay time constant of 7.5 +/- 2.1 (SD) ms with command pulses to +30 mV. The removal of inactivation was monoexponential with a time constant of 23.1 ms (holding potential, -50 mV; conditioning voltage steps of varying duration to -110 mV). V 1/2 of the Boltzmann function describing steady-state inactivation was -65.1 +/- 1.8 mV with a slope factor of -6.0. IA was sensitive to 5 mM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) but not to 10 mM tetraethylammonium (TEA). 4. IK in P10-14 cells displayed a voltage-dependent activation time constant (4.3 +/- 0.8 ms for command pulses to +30 mV and 16.2 +/- 2.4 for command pulses to -10 mV) and a double-exponential decay (time constants 194 +/- 21 and 1,625 +/- 254 ms). The rate constant of removal of inactivation was 332.1 ms. IK showed a reduction by 61.4 +/- 5.3% with 10 mM TEA and was partially blocked by 5 mM 4-AP in a subpopulation of cells. 5. Whereas IA remained stable over time, IK showed a substantial reduction of current amplitude by 67% after 30 min of cell perfusion through the patch pipette. The time course of this reduction was monoexponential with a time constant of 6.9 min and was partly due to a shift in V1/2 of the steady-state inactivation from -79.2 to -99.6 mV. 6. IA and IK remained stable with respect to kinetic properties during ontogenesis. However, the relative contribution and pharmacological properties of the investigated K+ currents varied with age. Although IA dominated in P5-7 cells, IK was prominent in most older cells. Five millimolars 4-AP reduced IA by 40.7 +/- 26.7% in P5-7 cells and blocked IA completely in 80% of investigated P10-14 cells. Similar changes were observed for the effects of 4-AP on IK (18.7% depression in the age group P5-8, 46.1% in the age group P10-14, and 45.7% in adult animals).
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Sokoliuk, V. M., V. B. Dukhnytsky, T. V. Krupelnytsky, I. P. Ligomina, A. S. Revunets e V. M. Prus. "Influence of technological factors on milk quality indicators". Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 24, n.º 105 (4 de maio de 2022): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10506.
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The article presents a study of the organization of milk production technology on the farm with tethered and tethered-boxing of cows. It has been established that one of the departments uses Dairy Plan C21 herd management software. This makes it possible to obtain comprehensive data on milk productivity, health, and behavior of each cow, group of animals, and the herd. Pre- and post-milking treatment of cows' teats with means based on a probiotic culture of Bacillus subtilis, Forticept® Udder Wash, and Zooprotect. According to the research results, data on production and sales were obtained, and indicators of quality and safety of whole raw milk from two departments were analyzed. Gross milk production for the year at section 1 with free-range boxing of cows was 1875.4 tons, the average annual yield per cow – 7381 kg, milk marketability – 96.3 %. The production figures for section № 2 with tethered animals were – 1324.2 tons, 7333 kg, and 96.5 %, respectively. The study found that the average annual amount of MAFANM in milk from cows at tethered housing was 37 ± 3.6 × 104 thousand CFU/cm3; loose-box – 35 ± 4.1 × 104 thousand CFU/m3; the number of somatic cells is 327.8 ± 28.73 and 332.1 ± 29.91 thousand cm3, respectively. In the milk of cows from section № 2 the protein content was 3.19 ± 0.067 %, fat – 3.78 ± 0.106 %, fat/protein ratio – 1.18 : 1. Slightly higher values were obtained when studying cows' milk from the sections № 1 – 3.22 ± 0.033; 3.88 ± 0.093 %, and 1.21 : 1, respectively. According to normative indicators, the fat/protein ratio is 1.2–1.4 : 1. It should be noted that deviations from these indicators indicate a violation of metabolic processes in cows. Indicators of acidity and density in cow's milk were within the normative values. According to research, no heavy metals, pesticides, radionuclides, or inhibitors have been detected in whole raw milk. Therefore, analyzing the data obtained, it should be noted that the milk produced on the farm and sold to processing enterprises meets the requirements for quality milk. According to the national standard, it is suitable for producing quality and safe products.
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Sasaki, Takahide, Nozomu Fuse, Takeshi Kuwata, Mari Takahashi, Hiromichi Asano, Kazuhiro Kaneko, Toshihiko Doi et al. "Relationship between serum HER2 level and histologic HER2 status in patients with advanced/recurrent gastric cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, n.º 4_suppl (1 de fevereiro de 2012): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.4_suppl.24.
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24 Background: The HER2 extracellular domain can be quantitatively measured in terms of the serum HER2 level by using a CLIA. Increased serum HER2 levels have been reported to be found in 20-25% of metastatic breast cancer patients and correlated with HER2 protein overexpression, increased tumor volume, and worse prognosis. However, the prevalence of HER2 expression in the serum of gastric cancer (GC) patients is not known. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the tumor tissue and serum samples of 100 patients who had histologically confirmed advanced/recurrent stomach adenocarcinoma, had started chemotherapy at National Cancer Center Hospital East during 2007–2011, did not have any other active malignancies, and whose serum and tumor tissue samples had been collected and stored at the baseline. HER2 protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC; I-VIEW Pathway 4B5 kit) with the GC scoring system (Hofmann, 2008), and gene amplification was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH; PathVysion HER2 DNA probe kit), with HER2:CEP17 ≥ 2.0 seen in tumor tissue. Serum HER2 levels were measured using a CLIA (ADIVA Centaur XP). HER2 positivity was defined as IHC 2+ with FISH positive or IHC 3+. Results: The baseline characteristics were as follows: men, 66; median age, 66 years (range, 29–85); advanced/recurrent, 96/4; and intestinal/diffuse/mixed, 38/41/21. An IHC score of 0/1+/2+/3+ was noted in 41/32/6/21 patients, respectively. Gene amplification in FISH was noted in 28 cases. The number of HER2 positive patients was 21. The median serum HER2 level was 9.3 ng/mL (range, 5.0–332.4). With a cutoff level of 15 ng/mL (mean + 2SD of 241 healthy control women), the sensitivity of serum HER2 levels with respect to HER2 positivity was 52.4%; specificity, 93.7%; positive predictive value, 68.8%; negative predictive value, 84.1%; and accuracy, 85.0%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.894. Conclusions: Increased serum HER2 levels were noted in GC patients and were associated with HER2 overexpression in tumor tissue. Further investigations of serum HER2 in terms of the clinical significance are warranted.
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Moghaddam, Masoud, Mason Cervantes, Brandie Cheshier e Bert H. Jacobson. "Sprint Interval Training on Stationary Air Bike Elicits Cardiorespiratory Adaptations While Being Time-Efficient". Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 37, n.º 9 (setembro de 2023): 1795–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000004483.
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Abstract Moghaddam, M, Cervantes, M, Cheshier, B, and Jacobson, BH. Sprint interval training on stationary air bike elicits cardiorespiratory adaptations while being time-efficient. J Strength Cond Res 37(9): 1795–1801, 2023—Sprint interval training (SIT) refers to a set of brief intermittent exercises that are performed at maximal intensity. This study compared the effects of 2 SIT protocols (e.g., 10-5-SIT and 20-10-SIT) vs. moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on cardiovascular adaptations, using stationary air bikes. Thirty-two recreationally active individuals were randomly assigned to the 3 performance groups, such as 10-5-SIT (n = 11), 20-10-SIT (n = 10), and MICT (n = 11), to train 3 days per week for 4 weeks. Moderate-intensity continuous training included 30 minutes of cycling at 75% of maximal heart rate reserve, whereas the SIT protocols consisted of 3 sets of 8 intervals at all-out intensity. The 10-5-SIT and 20-10-SIT were performed with 10-second work:5-second rest and 20-second work:10-second rest, with 2.5- and 5-minute recovery periods between sets, respectively. A ramp protocol was used before and after the intervention via cycle ergometer to assess aerobic performance. Time to exhaustion (TTE), absolute V̇o 2max (A-V̇o 2max), relative V̇o 2max (R-V̇o 2max), and metabolic equivalents (METs) were measured and analyzed with 2-way mixed factorial analyses of variance (ANOVAs). In addition, total work (TW) during 12 sessions were recorded and analyzed with 1-way ANOVA. Significant (p < 0.05) differences were found for TW (10-5-SIT: 907.3 ± 332.0, 20-10-SIT: 1230.0 ± 188.1, and MICT: 2263.0 ± 896.9 calories) between groups. A significant main effect of time was observed for 10-5-SIT, 20-10-SIT, and MICT (p < 0.05) in TTE (increased by 7.3, 8.7, and 8.2%), A-V̇o 2max (increased by 13.0, 11.8, and 13.6%), R-V̇o 2max (increased by 12.6, 12.1, and 14.8%), and METs (increased by 12.7, 12.3, and 14.9%), respectively. Despite less volume and duration, both SIT protocols induced cardiorespiratory adaptations similar to MICT. These findings suggest that performing SIT on a stationary air bike is valuable because of time-efficiency and cardiorespiratory adaptations.
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Sawyer, Jason, Paul Higgins, Paul A. Cacolice e Troy Doming. "Bilateral back squat strength is increased during a 3-week undulating resistance training program with and without variable resistance in DIII collegiate football players". PeerJ 9 (24 de setembro de 2021): e12189. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12189.
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Background Optimizing training adaptations is of the utmost importance for the strength and conditioning professional. The pre-season of any sport is particularly important to ensure preparedness of the athletes. In DIII Collegiate Football pre-season consists of approximately 3 weeks. The abbreviated time of the pre-season increases the importance of optimizing training using safe methods, including alternative loading strategies. The purpose of the current study was to determine if a 3-week variable resistance training VRT during an undulating (UL) resistance training program elicited a greater increase in back squat strength compared to traditional loading methods. Methods and Materials Forty DIII Football players (age range: 18–25 years) participated in a 3-week UL bilateral back squat (BBS) program. Both groups performed the BBS 3 times per week with a minimum of 24 hours between exercise sessions. The control group (C) (n = 20) (height = 182.3 + 5.1 cm, body mass: pre = 102.8 ± 17.7 kg, post = 104.1 ± 17.8 kg) used traditional loading methods (i.e., Olympic weights only) and the experimental group (E) (n = 20) (height = 180.7 ± 8.0 cm, body mass: pre = 100.3 ± 27.1 kg, post = 101.0 ± 27.7 kg) used traditional loading methods and variable resistance (i.e., resistance bands). The variable resistance accounted for approximately 20% of the total resistance while 80% of the resistance was supplied by traditional loading methods. Results When all data was pooled, subjects had a significant increase (p < 0.05) in 1-RM BBS from pre (154.2 + 26.1 kg) to post (166.8 + 26.2 kg), with a percent increase of 8.13% at the completion of the 3-week training program. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the C and E groups for muscular strength, muscular power, or vertical jump. Volume-loads were not significantly (p > 0.05) different between groups for any of the weeks (C: Week 1 = 858.1 + 101.3, Week 2 = 588.6 + 69.2, Week 3 = 332.5 + 38.9, Total = 1179.2 + 209.4 vs. E: Week 1 = 835.2 + 179.7, Week 2 = 572.2 + 123.4, Week 3 = 323.5 + 68.8, Total = 1730.9 + 371.8) or for the pre-season as a whole. Conclusion A traditional UL resistance training program and training program with variable resistance are both effective methods at increasing back squat strength during 3 weeks of training. Resistance band variable resistance (VR) does not enhance training effects within a 3-week mesocycle greater than traditional resistance.
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Шевченко, Інна, e Валерія Цема. "КЛАСТЕРНО-КАРТОГРАФІЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ РИНКУ ОСВІТНІХ ПОСЛУГ ЗВО УКРАЇНИ ЗА КРИТЕРІЄМ ІНТЕРНАЦІОНАЛІЗАЦІЇ". Проблеми і перспективи розвитку підприємництва, n.º 29 (12 de dezembro de 2022): 106–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/ppb.2226-8820.2022.29.106.
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УДК 332.1: 378; JEL Classification: C 38 : I 23
Шевченко І.Ю., Цема В.Є. кластернО-картографічний аналіз ринку освітніх послуг зво україни за критерієм інтернаціоналізації
Мета: здійснення кластерно-картографічного аналізу ринку освітніх послуг закладів вищої освіти України за критерієм інтернаціоналізації. Методика дослідження: метод аналізу та синтезу, системний підхід, метод узагальнення, метод порівняння, кластерний аналіз, картографічний метод, графічний метод. Результати: запропоновано й апробовано (на прикладі України) методичний інструментарій кластерно-картографічного аналізу ринку освітніх послуг закладів вищої освіти за критерієм інтернаціоналізації. Виявлено, що наразі єдиною галуззю знань з представлених на ринку освітніх послуг закладів вищої освіти України, для якої характерний середній рівень інтернаціоналізації (кластер 3), є галузь знань 21 «Ветеринарна медицина». Помірний рівень інтернаціоналізації (кластер 2) ринку освітніх послуг закладів вищої освіти України спостерігається в таких галузях знань як 13 «Механічна інженерія», 14 «Електрична інженерія», 16 «Хімічна та біоінженерія», 22 «Охорона здоров’я», 12 «Інформаційні технології», 17 «Електроніка та телекомунікації», 03 «Гуманітарні науки», 06 «Журналістика», 11 «Математика та статистика», 19 «Архітектура та будівництво», 08 «Право», 27 «Транспорт». Низький рівень інтернаціоналізації (кластер 1) ринку освітніх послуг закладів вищої освіти України має місце в наступних галузях знань: 01 «Освіта/Педагогіка», 07 «Управління та адміністрування», 10 «Природничі науки», 20 «Аграрні науки та продовольство», 02 «Культура і мистецтво», 05 «Соціальні та поведінкові науки», 15 «Автоматизація та приладобудування», 18 «Виробництво та технології», 04 «Богослов’я», 09 «Біологія», 23 «Соціальна робота», 24 «Сфера обслуговування». Наукова новизна: запропоновано оцінювати рівень інтернаціоналізації ринку освітніх послуг закладів вищої освіти як співвідношення (у відсотковому виразі) кількості закладів вищої освіти, які пропонують англомовні освітні програми, до загальної кількості закладів вищої освіти, які пропонують освітні програми (за галузями знань). Приймаючи за еталон ситуацію, коли всі освітні програми в галузі знань можуть пропонуватися закладами вищої освіти до вивчення англійською мовою, запропоновано рівномірне інтервальне розподілення за кластерами рівнів інтернаціоналізації ринку освітніх послуг закладів вищої освіти від 0% до 100% наступним чином: 0–24,99% – низький рівень інтернаціоналізації ринку освітніх послуг закладів вищої освіти (кластер 1); 25–49,99% – помірний рівень інтернаціоналізації ринку освітніх послуг закладів вищої освіти (кластер 2); 50–74,99% – середній рівень інтернаціоналізації ринку освітніх послуг закладів вищої освіти (кластер 3); 75–100% – високий рівень інтернаціоналізації ринку освітніх послуг закладів вищої освіти (кластер 4). Практична значущість: результати здійсненого кластерно-картографічного аналізу ринку освітніх послуг закладів вищої освіти України дозволяють ідентифікувати «вузькі місця» в національній системі вищої освіти в контексті забезпечення активізації інтернаціоналізаційних процесів.
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Giang, Nguyen Truong, Pham Son Minh, Tran Anh Son, Tran Minh The Uyen, Thanh-Hai Nguyen e Hung-Son Dang. "Study on External Gas-Assisted Mold Temperature Control with the Assistance of a Flow Focusing Device in the Injection Molding Process". Materials 14, n.º 4 (18 de fevereiro de 2021): 965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040965.
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In the injection molding field, the flow of plastic material is one of the most important issues, especially regarding the ability of melted plastic to fill the thin walls of products. To improve the melt flow length, a high mold temperature was applied with pre-heating of the cavity surface. In this paper, we present our research on the injection molding process with pre-heating by external gas-assisted mold temperature control. After this, we observed an improvement in the melt flow length into thin-walled products due to the high mold temperature during the filling step. In addition, to develop the heating efficiency, a flow focusing device (FFD) was applied and verified. The simulations and experiments were carried out within an air temperature of 400 °C and heating time of 20 s to investigate a flow focusing device to assist with external gas-assisted mold temperature control (Ex-GMTC), with the application of various FFD types for the temperature distribution of the insert plate. The heating process was applied for a simple insert model with dimensions of 50 mm × 50 mm × 2 mm, in order to verify the influence of the FFD geometry on the heating result. After that, Ex-GMTC with the assistance of FFD was carried out for a mold-reading process, and the FFD influence was estimated by the mold heating result and the improvement of the melt flow length using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). The results show that the air sprue gap (h) significantly affects the temperature of the insert and an air sprue gap of 3 mm gives the best heating rate, with the highest temperature being 321.2 °C. Likewise, the actual results show that the height of the flow focusing device (V) also influences the temperature of the insert plate and that a 5 mm high FFD gives the best results with a maximum temperature of 332.3 °C. Moreover, the heating efficiency when using FFD is always higher than without FFD. After examining the effect of FFD, its application was considered, in order to improve the melt flow length in injection molding, which increased from 38.6 to 170 mm, while the balance of the melt filling was also clearly improved.
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Makate, Marshall, Steve Whetton, Robert J. Tait, Tania Dey, Michelle Scollo, Emily Banks, Richard Norman, Ken Pidd, Ann M. Roche e Steven Allsop. "Tobacco Cost of Illness Studies: A Systematic Review". Nicotine & Tobacco Research 22, n.º 4 (15 de março de 2019): 458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz038.
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Abstract Introduction To identify studies reporting costs arising from tobacco use and detail their (1) economic approaches, (2) health outcomes, and (3) other cost areas included. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, EconLit, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2008 and April 2018 in English. Eligible articles reported tobacco-related costs and included all tobacco-using populations (multinational, national, subpopulations, and involuntary smokers). All economic approaches that resulted in monetary outcomes were included. We reported USD or converted local currencies to USD. Two health economists extracted and two researchers independently reviewed the data. Results From 4083 articles, we reviewed 361 abstracts and examined 79 full-texts, with 63 (1.6%) deemed eligible. There were three multinational, thirty-four national, twenty-one subpopulation or condition(s)-specific analyses, and five evaluating involuntary smoking. The diverse approaches and outcomes precluded integrating costs, but these were substantial in all studies. For instance, about USD 1436 billion in global health expenditures and productivity losses in 2012 and USD 9 billion in lost productivity in China, Brazil, and South Africa in 2012. At the national level, costs ranged from USD 4665 in annual per respondent health expenses (Germany 2006–2008) to USD 289–332.5 billion in medical expenses (United States 1964–2014). Conclusions Despite wide variations in the methods used, the identified costs of tobacco are substantial. Studies on tobacco cost-of-illness use diverse methods and hence produce data that are not readily comparable across populations, time, and studies, precluding a consistent evidence-base for action and measurement of progress. Recommendations are made to improve comparability. Implications In addition to the health and financial costs to individual smokers, smoking imposes costs on the broader community. Production of comparable estimates of the societal cost of tobacco use is impaired by a plethora of economic models and inconsistently included costs and conditions. These inconsistencies also cause difficulties in comparing relative impacts caused by differing factors. The review systematically documents the post-2007 literature on tobacco cost-of-illness estimations and details conditions and costs included. We hope this will encourage replication of models across settings to provide more consistent data, able to be integrated across populations, over time, and across risk factors.
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Modi, Dipenkumar, SeongHo Kim, Hirva Mansurali Mamdani, Clara Hwang, Hersham Gayar, Ulka N. Vaishampayan, Richard Joyrich e Elisabeth I. Heath. "Use of radium-223 in heavily pretreated metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, n.º 7_suppl (1 de março de 2015): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.7_suppl.275.
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275 Background: Ra 223 has been shown to improve overall survival in mCRPC patients with symptomatic bone metastases. Little is known about the utility of following PSA during Ra 223 therapy in heavily pretreated patients. Here we report our experience with Ra 223 in such a setting. Methods: We reviewed 26 heavily pretreated mCRPC patients who received Ra 223 at 3 institutions and evaluated the trend of PSA during treatment, the association of various demographic, clinical and biochemical variables with PSA trend, and the correlation of PSA trend with clinical outcomes. Patients received IV Ra 223 every 4 weeks with a planned total of 6 cycles. Results: Twenty six patients were treated between August 2013 and August 2014. Median age was 70 years (range 49-80); 77% (N=20) were European American (EA), 19% (N=5) were African Americans (AA), unknown for 1 patient. Prior therapy included docetaxel in 77% (N=20) of patients, cabazitaxel in 19% (N=5), enzalutamide in 65% (N=17), and abiraterone in 54% (N=14). 62% (N=16) received at least 3 prior therapies.35% (N=9) received all 6 cycles of Ra 223, while 18% (N=4) received only 1 cycle. Median alkaline phosphatase level increased from 126.0 U/L (54.0, 514.0) to 332.0 U/L (136.0, 566.0) at the end of Ra 223 therapy. Median pre-therapy PSA was 100.3 and median post-therapy PSA was 429.5. 54% (N=14) patients had >50% rise in PSA. Higher pre-therapy PSA was strongly associated with higher post-therapy PSA (Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.84, p <0.0001). Faster rate of rise in PSA was observed in patients with higher number of bone metastasis and those who have had prior therapy with docetaxel. The patients with >50% PSA rise had reported overall higher pain scores by visual assessment scale. Ra 223 was discontinued in 15% (N=4) patients due to myelosuppression and in 8% (N=2) due to side effects. Conclusions: All heavily pretreated patients receiving Ra 223 therapy for mCRPC showed PSA progression and reasonable tolerability. Only 35% of patients were able to receive all 6 cycles of Ra 223.
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Morand, E. F., R. Furie, Y. Tanaka, T. Takeuchi, G. Abreu, R. Tummala e C. Lindholm. "POS0691 EFFECTS OF ANIFROLUMAB ON RENAL DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH SLE". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (19 de maio de 2021): 592.2–593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1618.
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Background:The type I interferon (IFN) receptor antibody anifrolumab has shown efficacy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the phase 3 TULIP-1 and TULIP-2 trials.1,2 Type I IFN dysregulation is associated with lupus nephritis (LN) pathogenesis.3Objectives:Pooled TULIP data were analyzed post hoc to assess baseline characteristics of patients with and without renal involvement and to evaluate the effects of anifrolumab on renal disease.Methods:TULIP-1 (NCT02446912) and TULIP-2 (NCT02446899) were randomized, placebo-controlled, 52-week trials of intravenous anifrolumab every 4 weeks in patients with moderate to severe SLE despite standard therapy, which excluded patients with severe active LN.1,2 Renal involvement at baseline was defined as any of the following: BILAG-2004 renal score A–C; SLEDAI-2K renal score >0; urine protein–creatinine ratio (UPCR) >0.5 mg/mg. Baseline characteristics were evaluated in patients with and without renal involvement, and the following endpoints were compared for the anifrolumab 300 mg and placebo groups: cumulative UPCR (area under the curve, AUC) through Week (W)52; percentage of patients with UPCR >0.5 mg/mg at baseline who improved to UPCR ≤0.5 mg/mg at W52; percentage of patients with renal flares (new BILAG-2004 A/B renal score vs prior visit); cumulative glucocorticoid (GC) use (AUC) through W52; and percentage changes in complement C3/C4 from baseline to W52.Results:Of the 726 patients in TULIP-1/-2 (anifrolumab, n=360; placebo, n=366), 99 had renal involvement at baseline (anifrolumab, n=45; placebo, n=54), 57 of whom had UPCR >0.5 mg/mg (anifrolumab, n=24; placebo, n=33). Patients with renal involvement vs without renal involvement had a lower mean age (37.8 vs 42.4 years) and were more likely to be male (14.1% vs 6.1%), Asian (16.2% vs 9.6%), IFN gene signature test–high (89.9% vs 81.5%), and anti-dsDNA positive (69.7% vs 40.4%); have a SLEDAI-2K score ≥10 (91.9% vs 68.4%); and be receiving GC ≥10 mg/day (67.7% vs 49.1%) or mycophenolate (26.3% vs 11.5%) at baseline. Among patients with baseline renal involvement, anifrolumab treatment was associated with a numerically greater improvement vs placebo in cumulative UPCR (AUC) through W52 (LS mean difference [SE]: –54.1 [54.26]) (Table 1). Numerically more patients improved from UPCR >0.5 mg/mg at baseline to ≤0.5 mg/mg at W52 with anifrolumab vs placebo (difference [SE], 4.9% [13.3]). Among all TULIP patients, fewer had ≥1 BILAG-2004 renal flare with anifrolumab vs placebo (5.0% vs 7.4%).4 Among patients with renal involvement, cumulative GC use (AUC) through W52 was lower with anifrolumab vs placebo (LS mean difference [SE]: –210.3 mg [332.6]) and there were numerically greater improvements in C3 and C4 from baseline to W52 (Table 1).Conclusion:TULIP data suggest renal benefit with anifrolumab in patients with SLE with mild/stable renal disease, supporting further investigation into anifrolumab’s efficacy in patients with active LN.References:[1]Furie R. Lancet Rheumatol. 2019;1:e208–19.[2]Morand E. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:211–21.[3]Feng X. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54:2951–62.[4]Furie R [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020;72(supp 10).Table 1.Renal Endpoints in TULIP-1 and TULIP-2Endpoint (baseline to Week 52)PlaceboAnifrolumab 300 mgUPCR AUCan5445LS mean (SE)271.8 (54.8)217.7 (60.0)LS mean difference (SE), 95% CI−54.1 (54.3), −161.9, 53.6Improvement from >0.5 to ≤0.5 mg/mg UPCRbn3324Patients with improvement (%)36.341.2Difference, % (SE), 95% CI4.9 (13.3), −21.1, 30.9Glucocorticoid AUCan5445LS mean (SE)3524.5 (339.0)3314.2 (365.2)LS mean difference (SE), 95% CI−210.3 (332.6), −870.7, 450.1Change in C3/C4 (%)cC3N3121Mean (SE)20.3 (6.2)26.6 (5.0)C4N1914Mean (SE)29.1 (12.0)38.7 (13.8)AUC, area under the curve; CI, confidence interval; LS, least squares; UPCR, urine protein–creatinine ratio; SE, standard error.n, number satisfying baseline inclusion criteria for subgroup.aPatients with baseline renal involvement; analysis of covariance.bStratified Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel.cPatients with renal involvement and abnormal C3/C4 at baseline.Acknowledgements:Writing assistance by Rosie Butler, PhD, of JK Associates Inc. part of Fishawack Health. This study was sponsored by AstraZeneca.Disclosure of Interests:Eric F. Morand Speakers bureau: AstraZeneca, Consultant of: AstraZeneca, Grant/research support from: AstraZeneca, Richard Furie Consultant of: AstraZeneca, Grant/research support from: AstraZeneca, Yoshiya Tanaka Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, and YL Biologics, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Chugai, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Takeda, and UCB, Tsutomu Takeuchi Speakers bureau: AbbVie GK., Bristol–Myers K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co,. Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Pfizer Japan Inc., Astellas Pharma Inc, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Sanofi K.K., Teijin Pharma Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., Consultant of: AstraZeneca K.K., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Novartis Pharma K.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Abbvie GK, Nipponkayaku Co.Ltd, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Astellas Pharma Inc,. Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Grant/research support from: Astellas Pharma Inc, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., AbbVie GK, Asahikasei Pharma Corp., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Pfizer Japan Inc., Eisai Co., Ltd., AYUMI Pharmaceutical Corporation, Nipponkayaku Co.Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., Gabriel Abreu Employee of: AstraZeneca, Raj Tummala Employee of: AstraZeneca, Catharina Lindholm Employee of: AstraZeneca