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Perangin Angin, Elsa Sucita, e Chairuddin. "Determination of Copper and Zinc Content in Soil Based on Soil Position and Depth in Palm and Rambutan Garden Area". Journal of Chemical Natural Resources 4, n.º 2 (14 de maio de 2023): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jcnar.v4i2.11969.
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The determination of copper and zinc in soil based on the position and depth at the application land of palm oil in the Rambutan garden. Part of control land, between rorak and plant, and rorak at a depth of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm. Each 3 g soil sample was destructed with 10 mL of HNO3 concentrated at 180ºC for 20 minutes. Cu and Zn's content was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) at wavelength 324.7 nm and 213.9 nm, respectively. The analysis shows that Cu and Zn metal increase rorak at 84.0% and 57.7%, and soil between rorak and plant at 76.9% and 42.4%.
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Bosch, Dirk, Maarten Nijsten e John Theodorus Plukker. "Laboratory values and their relationship with short- and long-term outcome following transthoracic esophagectomy in patients with esophageal cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, n.º 4_suppl (1 de fevereiro de 2012): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.4_suppl.37.
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37 Background: Surgical resection in esophageal cancer patients remains the mainstay of therapy, but carries a considerable risk of post-operative complications. Deranged laboratory data in the early post-operative period could provide guidance in decision making for further treatment strategy. Therefore we related standard laboratory measurements on 90-day and 1-year mortality after esophagectomy. Methods: Esophagectomy with curative intent was performed in 226 consecutive patients with cancer of the esophagus between January 2000 and December 2009. Prognostic analyses for albumin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ALAT, ASAT, gGT, urea, creatinine, C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet count were performed with a Mann-Whitney U-test (p<0.05) and ROC curve (area under the curve (AUC) >0.7) for postoperative day (POD) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 and 15. Extreme laboratory values (cutoff points) were calculated (5th or 95th percentile) in the case of significant outcomes. Results: Laboratory measurements between survivors and patients deceased within 90-days (n=16) were significantly different in the case of albumin on POD 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 (5th percentile between 10-13.02, AUC: 0.761), CRP on POD 3, 4, 5, 10 and 15 (95th percentile between 228.8-324.7, AUC: 0.861) and LDH in the late postoperative period on POD 4, 10 and 15 (95th percentile between 387.1-512.2, AUC: 0.864). The other laboratory values showed no systematic differences. For one-year mortality (N=36), only albumin and CRP showed to have significant differences for non-survivors: albumin on POD 10 and 15 (5th percentile between13.2-13.75, AUC: < 0.7) and CRP on POD 3, 4 and 10 (95th percentile between 220.9-319.5, AUC: < 0.7). Conclusions: Albumin and CRP are the strongest prognostic measurements in predicting 90-day and one-year mortality after esophagectomy.
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Soares, Sarah Adriana R., Silvânio Silvério L. Costa, Rennan Geovanny O. Araujo, Leonardo Sena Gomes Teixeira e Alailson Falcão Dantas. "Comparison of Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Copper in Sugar Cane Spirit". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 101, n.º 3 (1 de maio de 2018): 876–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.17-0154.
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Abstract Three spectrophotometric methods were developed for the determination of copper (Cu) in sugar cane spirit using the chromogenic reagents neocuproine, cuprizone, and bathocuproine. Experimental conditions, such as reagent concentration, reducer concentration, pH, buffer concentration, the order of addition of reagents, and the stability of the complexes, were optimized. The work range was established from 1.0 to 10.0 µg/mL, with correlation coefficients of >0.999 for all three optimized methods. The methods were evaluated regarding accuracy by addition and recovery tests at five concentration levels, and the obtained recoveries ranged from 91 to 105% (n = 3). Precision was expressed as RSD (relative standard deviation), with values ranging from 0.01 to 0.17% (n = 10). The method using the chromogenic reagent cuprizone presented the greatest molar absorptivity, followed by bathocuproine and neocuproine. The methods were applied for the determination of Cu in sugar cane spirit, and the results were compared with a reference method by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Calibration curve solutions for FAAS analysis were prepared in a 40% (v/v) alcohol medium in a range of concentrations from 0.5 up to 5 µg/mL. Measurements for Cu determination were carried out at a wavelength of 324.7 nm. The concentrations obtained for Cu in sugar cane spirit samples from Brazil were between 1.99 and 12.63 µg/mL, and about 75% of the samples presented Cu concentrations above the limit established by Brazilian legislation (5.0 µg/mL or 5.0 mg/L).
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Wang, Jiahan, Junqiao Long, Feng Yang, Xiujin Yang, Wenguang Jiao e Cheng Huang. "Open acid dissolution—Ammonia solution extraction—ICP OES rapid determination of 7 trace metal elements in soil". PLOS ONE 18, n.º 10 (10 de outubro de 2023): e0292168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292168.
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To overcome the corrosion of hydrofluoric acid on the ICP OES injection system in the acid dissolution system, this paper makes some improvements based on the traditional open digestion. The improved method does not require the complete removal of hydrofluoric acid. After appropriate digestion of the sample with a mixed acid, the solution can be transferred to a colorimetric tube containing ammonium hydroxide solution to give the final volume for analysis. In this paper, two-point standard curves are plotted using soil standards and process blanks, which is not only convenient but also overcomes the interference of the matrix effect. Through continuous experiments, the preferred ratio of mixed acid is 3 mL nitric acid + 5 mL hydrofluoric acid, and the concentration of ammonia solution is 0.5%. The spectral lines of the measured elements V (292.4), Cr (283.5), Co (228.6), Ni (231.6), Cu (324.7), Zn (213.8) and Pb (220.3) were determined. The method quantification limits of the seven measured elements V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were 0.909, 4.32, 0.269, 0.261, 0.968, 3.69 and 2.64 μg g-1, respectively, and the precision was 3.5%, 5.2%, 4.8%, 2.4%, 6.1% and 4.5%, respectively. After processing six national standard materials according to the experimental method, the measured values of each measured element were basically in agreement with the certified values, indicating that this method is fully feasible for the measurement of V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in soil. This method greatly improves the efficiency of pretreatment and is particularly suitable for analysing large batches of samples.
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Massonne, H. J., A. Kennedy, L. Nasdala e T. Theye. "Dating of zircon and monazite from diamondiferous quartzofeldspathic rocks of the Saxonian Erzgebirge – hints at burial and exhumation velocities". Mineralogical Magazine 71, n.º 4 (agosto de 2007): 407–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2007.071.4.407.
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AbstractIn order to better understand the formation and evolution processes of ultrahigh pressure (UHP) felsic rocks, we determined the ages of various domains of zircon and monazite crystals from the diamondiferous quartzofeldspathic rocks of the Saxonian Erzgebirge. According to cathodoluminescence imagery and Th/U ratios, three zircon zones were distinguished. Each was dated using several spot analyses from a sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe analysing Pb, U and Th isotopes. The results were: (1) core zone – 21 analyses: Th/U ≤ 40.023 and 337.0±2.7 Ma (2σ, combined 206Pb/238U-207Pb/235U age); (2) diamond-bearing intermediate zone – 23 analyses: Th/U ≥ 50.037 and 336.8±2.8 Ma; and (3) rim zone – 12 analyses: Th/U = 0.015–0.038 (plus one analysis of 0.164) and 330.2±5.8 Ma. The U-Pb obtained ages are virtually concordant. Furthermore, two oscillatory zoned zircon cores (Th/U ≥ 50.8) yielded (~concordant) ages of ~400 Ma. Six SHRIMP analyses of monazites gave an age of 332.4±2.1 Ma. In addition, Pb, Th and U contents in monazite were analysed with an electron microprobe (EMP). A mean age of 324.7±8.0 (2σ) Ma was acquired from 113 analyses.By combining the defined ages with previously published P-T conditions, minimum velocities for burial and exhumation were estimated. In addition, we present a likely geodynamic scenario involving age data from the literature as well as this study: beginning 340 million years ago, gneisses at the base of a thickened continentalcrust (~1.8 GPa, 650ºC) were transported to depths of at least 130 km, possibly as deep as 250 km. Here they were heated (>1050ºC) and partially melted and as a result began to rise rapidly. The burial and subsequent ascent back to a depth of 50 km, where zircon rims and monazite formed, took only a few million years and perhaps significantly less.
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Greig, Danny, Ruchi Rastogi, Teresa Diaz, Maria Tovar-Torres, Bradley Axelrod, Lili Zhao, M. Safwan Badr e Susmita Chowdhuri. "1135 Predictors of Post-COVID Clinical and Cognitive Consequences". SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (20 de abril de 2024): A486—A487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.01135.
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Abstract Introduction “Post-acute sequelae of SARS-COV-2 infection (PASC)” is a condition with a wide range of physical and mental health consequences that are present or persist four or more weeks after SARS-COV-2 infection. Fatigue is one of the most common PASC symptoms. It is not known whether underlying OSA and sleep disturbances may influence the persistence of chronic physical, mental health and neurocognitive dysfunction post-COVID. This pilot study will systematically examine whether sleep disturbances and severity of OSA comprise modifiable facets of PASC. Methods We prospectively collected sleep quality, sleepiness, quality of life (QoL) and neurocognitive data in patients with post-COVID fatigue (PASC) and OSA, and compared with control patients with OSA but without prior COVID infection. Questionnaires were administered at baseline and after 3 months to evaluate sleep disturbances, sleepiness, and general and disease specific QoL. Cognitive testing included Trail Making Test Part A and B, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), Stroop Task, Digit Coding, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-R (HVLT-R), Weschler Abbreviated Scale Intelligence II (WASI), Weschler Memory Scale IV (WSM), and Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT), respectively. 6-minute walk test and COVID-infection related medical data were also collected. Results Thus far, we have enrolled 26 total participants, 16 controls (13 males, 3 females; age: 65.4±11.7 years, BMI: 35.4±12.8 kg/m2, AHI: 49.2±34.6/hr, Education:14.4±3.0 years), and10 patients with PASC (7 males, 3 females; age: 59.3±12.8 years, BMI: 31.7±8.4 kg/m2, AHI: 44.2±33.6/hr, Education:16±2.3 years).Baseline data in controls vs. PASC patients are given as: FSS Total Score: 29.8±16.7 vs. 37.9±11.2, ESS: 8.6±4.7 vs. 8.5±5.6, PROMISE Sleep Disturbance Score: 20.2±10.1 vs. 22.9±11.2, 6-Minute Walk Test Total Distance Walked: 415.5±56.8 vs. 389.1±47.2 meters, FOSQ Total Score: 16.7±3.9 vs. 17.17±3.2, HVLTR Total Recall: 88.2±14.5 vs. 83.2±16.2, WMSIV Visual Reproduction Delayed Recall: 109.2±19.8 vs. 106.2±27.7, TMT-B: 94.2±21.1 vs. 93.0±25.6, Stroop Color-Word Score: 88.7±10.7 vs. 94.5±20.1, WASI-II FISQ4 Score: 97.6±11.2 vs. 96.2±17.2, PASAT Rate 2 Correct: 38.8±25.4% vs. 33.3±33.3%, PVT Mean Reaction Time: 319.2±65.2 vs. 324.7±149.5 ms. Conclusion Our study provides preliminary data on important clinical metrics in patients with post-COVID sequelae. Additional data will allow us to determine future targets for management of PASC. Support (if any) VHA RR&D # RX004396 (SPiRE)
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Ivanova, Elena P., Andrey A. Lobanov, Sergey V. Andronov, Anatoliy D. Fesyun, Andrey P. Rachin, Gleb N. Barashkov, Elena N. Bogdanova et al. "Fresh Water Aquatic Training in Patients with Upright Posture Maintaining Disorders". Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine 20, n.º 6 (21 de dezembro de 2021): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2021-20-6-58-66.
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The use of the fresh water aquatic training course, as a more gentle training method, may allow patients to ensure effective restoration of muscle functions responsible for maintaining an upright body position. A more accurate control of the course results can be performed using a virtual analysis carried out using the «Habilect» system that allows to determine the body parts attitude. Aim. To study the effect of training in fresh water using the Habilect system based on the Microsoft Kinect infrared sensor (video stabilometry) on motor functions that contribute to maintaining an upright body posture in patients with mild gait disturbances. Material and methods. An open descriptive study was conducted including 12 patients (7 men, 5 women), aged 40 to 62 years, with upright posture maintaining disorders, which correspond to the functional diagnosis encoded by the ICF «Gait Stereotype Functions» B770.1 – mild violations (5–24%). A group of subjects (n = 12), in addition to basic therapy and training with an exercise therapy instructor, underwent aquatic training in fresh water for two weeks (30 minutes, 6 days a week). Assessment methods: the research was carried out using the Habilect gait video analysis system before and after the rehabilitation course. The χ2 test was used to assess the significance of differences between groups of qualitative variables. When analyzing quantitative variables, the Shapiro-Wilk’s (W) test was performed. For abnormal distribution, the data is in Me format [Q25-Q75]. The Wilcoxon T-test was used to assess the significance of differences in quantitative variables of the two studied groups. The processing of the obtained research results was carried out using the Statistica for Windows, v. 8.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA) and Microsoft Excel (Microsoft, USA). The significance of the differences was considered established at p <0.05. Result and discussion. When examining the amplitude of body deflection along the X-axis before training, they were 3.25 cm [-98 cm; 93.9 cm], after – -9.96 cm [-100.92 cm; -81.96 cm], on the Y-axis before training – -29.01 cm [-29.01 cm; 13.76 cm], after –-30.59 cm [-30.59 cm; 31.09 cm], on the Z-axis before training – 388.1 cm [369.22 cm; 393.39 cm], after training – 380.96 cm [377.98cm, 400.05 cm], deviation of the body movement vector before training 16.45 cm [7.46 cm; 338.67 cm], after training – 324.7 cm [324.7 cm; 342.56 cm]. When examining the amplitude of head deflection along the X-axis before training, they were -0.92 cm [-1.24 cm; -0.92 cm], after – 1.5 cm [-10.19 cm; 2.38 cm], Y-axis before training – 125.33 cm [61.13 cm; 128.94 cm], after – 107.42 cm [52.49 cm; 107.42 cm], along the Z-axis before training – -8.59 cm [-8.97 cm; -5.33 cm], after training – -14.89 cm [-14.89 cm, -3.45cm]. When calculating the increase in deviation (deviations of the main body axes from the initial value) using the Wilcoxon T-test revealed statistically significant deviations in the X-axis (an increase of 306.5%, p = 0.0504), the Z-axis (an increase of 112.68%, p =0.0225) and the Body Angle parameter (an increase of 1973.86% p = 0.0323). When calculating the increase in the deviation of the head axes from the initial value using the Wilcoxon T-test, statistically significant deviations were revealed along the X axis (increase of 163.04%, p = 0.0280), the Y axis (increase of 85.71%, p = 0.0199) and the parameter Z (an increase of 173.34% p = 0.0292). The study revealed a decrease in the body axes deviations amplitude in all 3 planes, which indicates an improvement in the work of all brain parts that are responsible for the coordination of motor functions and their vegetative support, an improvement in functional interaction within individual muscle chains. The reduction in the head and neck muscles in compensatory balancing participation during walking and maintaining a vertical body posture mainly due to the muscles of the lower extremities and pelvis contributes to the prevention of arterial and venous circulation disorders in the head and neck and makes training not only more effective, but also safer. Conclusion. Due to the decrease in the amplitude of deviations along all three axes (Z, Y, X), the course of aquatic training contributes to the correction of upright posture maintaining disorders, a statistically significant decrease in the amplitude of head and neck movements.
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Zhang, Xianlong, Fei Zhang, Hsiang-te Kung, Ping Shi, Ayinuer Yushanjiang e Shidan Zhu. "Estimation of the Fe and Cu Contents of the Surface Water in the Ebinur Lake Basin Based on LIBS and a Machine Learning Algorithm". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, n.º 11 (28 de outubro de 2018): 2390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112390.
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Traditional technology for detecting heavy metals in water is time consuming and difficult and thus is not suitable for quantitative detection of large samples. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) can identify multi-state (such as solid, liquid, and gas) substances simultaneously, rapidly and remotely. In this study, water samples were collected from the Ebinur Lake Basin. The water samples were subjected to LIBS to extract the characteristic peaks of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu). Most of the quantitative analysis of LIBS rarely models and estimates the heavy metal contents in natural environments and cannot quickly determine the heavy metals in field water samples. This study creatively uses the Fe and Cu contents in water samples and the characteristics of their spectral curves in LIBS for regression modelling analysis and estimates their contents in an unknown water body by using LIBS technology and a machine learning algorithm, thus improving the detection rate. The results are as follows: (1) The Cu content of the Ebinur Lake Basin is generally higher than the Fe content, the highest Fe and Cu contents found within the basin are in the Ebinur Lake watershed, and the lowest are in the Jing River. (2) A number of peaks from each sample were found of the LIBS curve. The characteristic analysis lines of Fe and Cu were finally determined according to the intensities of the Fe and Cu characteristic lines, transition probabilities and high signal-to-background ratio (S/B). Their wavelengths were 396.3 and 324.7 nm, respectively. (3) The relative percent deviation (RPD) of the Fe content back-propagation (BP) network estimation model is 0.23, and the prediction ability is poor, so it is impossible to accurately predict the Fe content of samples. In the estimation model of BP network of Cu, the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.8, the root mean squared error (RMSE) is 0.1, and the RPD is 1.79. This result indicates that the BP estimation model of Cu content has good accuracy and strong predictive ability and can accurately predict the Cu content in a sample. In summary, estimation based on LIBS improved the accuracy and efficiency of Fe and Cu content detection in water and provided new ideas and methods for the accurate estimation of Fe and Cu contents in water.
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Niitsu, Nozomi, Mika Khori, Miyuki Hayama, Masaaki Higashihara e Jun-ichi Tamaru. "Phase I/II Study of the Rituximab-EPOCT Regimen in Combination with G-CSF in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Follicular Lymphoma Including Evaluation of Its Cardiotoxicity Using B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Troponin T Levels." Blood 104, n.º 11 (16 de novembro de 2004): 4608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.4608.4608.
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Abstract Standard treatment for relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma has not been established. Doxorubicin (DXR) is often administered during the initial treatment. The dosage or drugs chosen for salvage therapy are limited by DXR-induced cardiomyopathy. Pirarubicine (THP) was developed in Japan as a less cardiotoxic and highly effective anti-neoplastic drug. We previously reported that the THP-COPBLM regimen, in which THP was used instead of DXR, showed the same degree of efficacy as the COP-BLAM regimen and that cardiac sympathetic dysfunction and cardiac mitochondrial damage were less common with THP than with DXR (Leukemia12:1457, 1998). The R-EPOCT (rituximab with etoposide, vincristine, THP, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone) regimen, in which less cardiotoxic THP is used instead of DXR, with G-CSF was administered to 20 patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma. The safety (especially cardiotoxicity) and efficacy of this regimen were studied. As markers of cardiotoxicity, serum troponin T and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels were measured. Adverse reactions occurred in 14 of the 20 patients, and mainly consisted of grade 3/4 hematological toxicity. In the evaluation of cardiotoxicity, the BNP level was slightly elevated in 2 patients before the treatment (22.4 pg/ml and 25.6 pg/ml; normal, less than 20 pg/ml). After 4 cycles of treatment, the BNP level in these two patients increased to 26.8 pg/ml and 28.8 pg/ml, respectively, but it returned to approximately the previous level one month after completion of treatment. The troponin T level was undetectable before and after the treatment in all patients. The response rate was 100%, with complete remission in 16 patients (80%). G-CSF administration increased both FcγRI expression on neutrophils and ADCC activity. Upon G-CSF administration during the second cycle of treatment, the level of FcγR1 (CD64) expression on neutrophils increased from 60.1 ± 3.6 (MFI) before G-CSF administration to 324.7 ± 33.2 (p = 0.0005) after 9 days of administration of 2 μg/kg G-CSF. After 11 days of G-CSF administration, the level of FcγR1 expression was 346.2 ± 24.2. The expression of FcαRI (CD89) on neutrophils was examined in a similar fashion. There was no remarkable change in the level of FcαRI expression before and after G-CSF administration. We conclude that the combination of R-EPOCT and G-CSF is well-tolerated. This regimen was not cardiotoxic. We are planning a randomized trial to compare the efficacy between R-EPOCT and a combination of R-EPOCT with G-CSF.
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Xie, Q. X., e R. Nesper. "Crystal structure of ytterbium lithium digermanide, YbLiGe2". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 219, n.º 2 (junho de 2004): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/ncrs.2004.219.2.81.
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Tommonaro, Giuseppina, Concetta Piscitelli, Margherita Lavorgna, Marina Isidori, Chiara Russo, Rocco De Prisco, Gennaro Roberto Abbamondi e Carmine Iodice. "ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT CULTIVARS OF TOMATOES (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM) ON TUMORAL CELL LINES". JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOLOGY 10, n.º 2 (7 de agosto de 2017): 2061–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jab.v10i2.6187.
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To increase the knowledge about the biological properties of tomatoes, the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of extracts of nine cultivars of Lycopersicon esculentum, as well as their chemical composition, were studied. The highest antioxidant capacity has been revealed in San Marzano Cirio 3 and Pomodoro Giallo cultivars, both in hydrophilic and lipophilic fractions, while San Marzano, Corbarino di Corbara, and Pomodoro Giallo exhibited the best radical scavenger activity in methanolic fraction. As regards the antiproliferative activity, the median inhibition concentrations of the lipophilic extracts ranged from 272.3 (Pomodoro Giallo) to 364.4 (Corbarino di Corbara) mg dried extract L-1 on Hep-G2 and from 324.6 (San Marzano Cirio 3) to 455.4 (Nero di Sicilia) on Caco-2. The methanolic extracts were more active on Caco-2 than Hep-G2, while the hydrophilic extracts were not active. These biological properties could be ascribed to the identified carotenoids and phenolic acids as well as to a pull of minor compounds exerting their synergistic effect.
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Johnson, Mark S., e Johannes Lehmann. "Double-funneling of trees: Stemflow and root-induced preferential flow". Écoscience 13, n.º 3 (janeiro de 2006): 324–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2980/i1195-6860-13-3-324.1.
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Li, Lin-Zhen, Liang Chen, Yang-Li Tu, Xiang-Jie Dai, Sheng-Jia Xiao, Jing-Shan Shi, Yong-Jun Li e Xiao-Sheng Yang. "Six New Phenolic Glycosides from the Seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam. and Their α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity". Molecules 28, n.º 17 (4 de setembro de 2023): 6426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176426.
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Plant-derived phytochemicals have recently drawn interest in the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). The seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam. are widely used in food and herbal medicine for their health-promoting properties against various diseases, including DM, but many of their effective constituents are still unknown. In this study, 6 new phenolic glycosides, moringaside B–G (1–6), together with 10 known phenolic glycosides (7–16) were isolated from M. oleifera seeds. The structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) data analysis. The absolute configurations of compounds 2 and 3 were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 2 and 3 especially are combined with a 1,3-dioxocyclopentane moiety at the rhamnose group, which are rarely reported in phenolic glycoside backbones. A biosynthetic pathway of 2 and 3 was assumed. Moreover, all the isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase. Compounds 4 and 16 exhibited marked activities with IC50 values of 382.8 ± 1.42 and 301.4 ± 6.22 μM, and the acarbose was the positive control with an IC50 value of 324.1 ± 4.99 μM. Compound 16 revealed better activity than acarbose.
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Han, Young Min, In Sook Kim, Shaheed Ur Rehman, Kevin Choe e Hye Hyun Yoo. "In VitroEvaluation of the Effects ofEurycoma longifoliaExtract on CYP-Mediated Drug Metabolism". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/631329.
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Eurycoma longifolia(Simaroubaceae) is a popular folk medicine that has traditionally been used in Southeast Asia as an antimalarial, aphrodisiac, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial and in antipyretic remedies. This study evaluates the effects ofEurycoma longifoliaextract on cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme-mediated drug metabolism to predict the potential for herb-drug interactions. Methanolic extract ofE. longifoliaroot was tested at concentrations of 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300, and 1000 µg/mL in human liver microsomes or individual recombinant CYP isozymes. The CYP inhibitory activity was measured using the cocktail probe assay based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.E. longifoliashowed weak, concentration-dependent inhibition of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, and CYP2C19. The inhibitory effects on these CYP isozymes were further tested using individual recombinant CYP isozymes, showing IC50values of 324.9, 797.1, and 562.9 μg/mL, respectively. In conclusion,E. longifoliaslightly inhibited the metabolic activities of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, and CYP2C19 but this issue requires careful attention in taking herbal medicines or dietary supplements containingE. longifoliaextracts.
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Rusdianto, Rusdianto, Syachrul Ivandi, Tri Kusmita e Ilhafurroihan Apriliazmi. "Pengukuran Kualitas Air Limbah Sawit Berdasarkan Baku Mutu Air Limbah Menggunakan AAS". Jurnal Riset Fisika Indonesia 4, n.º 1 (31 de dezembro de 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/jrfi.v4i1.3554.
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Palm oil industry waste is waste generated from the palm oil processing process. Palm oil liquid waste generally contains heavy metals, one of which is Cu and Zn. The presence of excessive Cu and Zn heavy metals can have a negative impact on living things and the surrounding environment. In this journal, the determination of the heavy metal content of Cu and Zn in palm oil wastewater was carried out using the AAS method with acetylene gas at a wavelength of 324.8 nm to determine the content of Cu metal content and at a wavelength of 213.9 nm to determine the Zn metal content. The results of determining the content of heavy metals Cu and Zn in sempel 1, 2 and 3 contained in palm oil wastewater which are still below the maximum limit of the quality standards obtained, namely less than 2 ppm for Cu metal and less than 5 ppm for Zn metal. utilized by living things and the surrounding environment.
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Ramanan, G., Norman Gee e Gordon R. Freeman. "Electron energy loss in fluids: Thermalization distances in liquid and gaseous sulfur hexafluoride". Canadian Journal of Physics 68, n.º 9 (1 de setembro de 1990): 925–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p90-130.
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Ionizing radiation passing through a fluid produces an ion–electron pair by knocking an electron off a molecule. The electron possesses excess energy, which it loses in collisions with molecules as it moves away from the ion. These are stochastic processes. The distance travelled during thermalization determines the probability that the electron ultimately escapes the Coulombic field of the ion to form freely diffusing ions. Free-ion yields were measured in X-irradiated sulfur hexafluoride at 5.7 ≤ d(kg m−3) ≤ 1860, corresponding to the vapor and liquid at 202.8 ≤ T(K) ≤ 324.1. (The critical fluid has dc = 730 kg m−3 and Tc = 318.7 K). The electric field dependence of the yield was best fitted using an electron thermalization distance distribution function F(y) that was Gaussian with a power tail. The most probable thermalization distance bGP was estimated at each density. The density-normalized electron-thermalizing ability of the fluid decreased with increasing gas density and was independent of density in the liquid phase. The dependence is different from those observed in hydrocarbons and might reflect a density effect on the energy dependence of the electron-attachment reaction.
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Lalu, Jeffri Azani Lesmana, Bambang Widigdo, Majariana Krisanti e Luky Adrianto. "KESESUAIAN PEMANFAATAN PERAIRAN UNTUK KEGIATAN BUDIDAYA LOBSTER SISTEM KERAMBA JARING APUNG DI TELUK JOR LOMBOK TIMUR NTB". AQUACOASTMARINE: Journal of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences 1, n.º 2 (13 de setembro de 2022): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jafs.v1i2.8854.
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Teluk Jor saat ini banyak dimanfaatkan untuk budidaya sistem Keramba Jaring Apung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tingkat kesesuaian lahan untuk budidaya lobster sisem Keramba Jaring Apung di perairan Teluk Jor Luar. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada wilayah perairan Teluk Jor Luar, Desa Jerowaru, Kabupaten Lombok Timur, yang meliputi 6 area penelitan yang dibagi berdasarkan dusun dan pembagian wilayah kerja Lembaga Pemangku awig-awig Teluk Jor. Data-data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas data primer dan sekunder. Data primer meliputi data bio-fisik-kimia kawasan perairan Teluk Jor Luar. Penentuan kesesuaian lahan perairan Teluk Jor untuk lahan pengembangan pembesaran lobster sistem keramba jaring apung dilakukan dengan metode pembobotan yang dimodifikasi dan dibagi menjadi 3 kategori dengan 3 klasifikasi sesuai (S1), cukup sesuai (S2) dan tidak sesuai (S3). Penyusunan peta kesesuaian diolah menggunakan tools ArcGIS 10.4. Kesesuaian lahan perairan Teluk Jor Luar budidaya lobster sistem Keramba Jaring Apung termasuk ke dalam kategori sesuai (S1) seluas 230.03 ha atau (31%), kelas cukup sesuai (S2) seluas 94.44 ha (13 %), dan kategori tidak sesuai (S3) seluas 424.94 ha (58 %). Luasan area Teluk Jor Luar yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai lokasi sistem keramba jaring apung adalah 324.47 ha atau (44 %) dari luas total Teluk Jor Luar
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Lelet, Maxim I., Marina V. Charykova, Astrid Holzheid, Brendan Ledwig, Vladimir G. Krivovichev e Evgeny V. Suleimanov. "A Calorimetric and Thermodynamic Investigation of the Synthetic Analogue of Mandarinoite, Fe2(SeO3)3∙5H2O". Geosciences 8, n.º 11 (28 de outubro de 2018): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8110391.
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Thermophysical and thermochemical calorimetric investigations were carried out on the synthetic analogue of mandarinoite. The low-temperature heat capacity of Fe2(SeO3)3∙5H2O(cr) was measured using adiabatic calorimetry between 5.3 and 324.8 K, and the third-law entropy was determined. Using these Cp,mo(T) data, the third law entropy at T = 298.15 K, Smo, is calculated as 520.1 ± 1.1 J∙K–1∙mol–1. Smoothed Cp,moT values between T → 0 K and 320 K are presented, along with values for Smo and the functions [HmoT-Hmo0] and [ΦmoT-Φmo0]. The enthalpy of formation of Fe2(SeO3)3∙5H2O(cr) was determined by solution calorimetry with HF solution as the solvent, giving ΔfHmo(298 К, Fe2(SeO3)3∙5H2O, cr) = –3124.6 ± 5.3 kJ/mol. The standard Gibbs energy of formation for Fe2(SeO3)3∙5H2O(cr) at T = 298 K can be calculated on the basis on ΔfHmo(298 К) and ΔfSmo(298 К): ΔfGmo(298 К, Fe2(SeO3)3∙5H2O, cr) = ‒2600.8 ± 5.4 kJ/mol. The value of ΔfGm for Fe2(SeO3)3·5H2O(cr) was used to calculate the Eh–pH diagram of the Fe–Se–H2O system. This diagram has been constructed for the average contents of these elements in acidic waters of the oxidation zones of sulfide deposits. The behaviors of selenium and iron in the surface environment have been quantitatively explained by variations of the redox potential and the acidity-basicity of the mineral-forming medium. These parameters precisely determine the migration ability of selenium compounds and its precipitation in the form of solid phases.
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Alfian, Zul, e Fristiwayuni Dara Silvia. "Reduction of Metal Density of Iron (Fe) and Copper (Cu) Using Corn Active Archarge and Commercial Active Archarge on Water from a Bali Well". Journal of Chemical Natural Resources 6, n.º 1 (20 de maio de 2024): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jcnar.v6i1.16223.
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Through the use of commercial and cassava peel activated charcoal, research was done on how to lower the levels of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) in well water that had been excavated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was utilized to conduct the activated charcoal test. The samples were collected from the wells of individuals residing in Kelurahan Sumber Karya Binjai Timur. Water samples were treated with concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) and decomposed. The concentration of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) was determined before and after adding activated charcoal made from cassava peel and commercially available activated charcoal, with masses of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 g. This was done using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) at specific wavelengths of 248.3 nm for Fe and 324.8 nm for Cu. The research findings indicate a decrease in iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) concentration before and after. The amount of activated charcoal made from cassava peel was varied from 1g to 5g. As the mass increased, the iron (Fe) concentration fell by 94.08%, 97.53%, 99.01%, 99.10%, and 99.07% respectively. The copper (Cu) content was reduced by 92.73%, 96.36%, 96.36%, 98.48%, and 97.12%. For commercial activated charcoal with varying masses of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 grams, the concentration of iron (Fe) was reduced by 0.27%, 52.41%, 72.70%, 98.85%, and 98.09%, respectively. The copper (Cu) content reduced by 32.22%, 71.25%, 95.31%, 98.18%, and 96.06%.
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Dance, A., J. Thundathil, R. Wilde, P. Blondin e J. Kastelic. "261 HIGH NUTRITION DURING EARLY LIFE IMPROVES REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF HOLSTEIN BULLS". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 27, n.º 1 (2015): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv27n1ab261.
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The objective was to determine effects of early-life nutrition on reproductive potential of Holstein bulls. Twenty-six bull calves were randomly allotted to 3 groups and fed ~70, 100, or 130% of National Research Council recommendations for both energy and protein from 2 to 31 wk; thereafter, all were fed a 100% diet (adequate vitamins and minerals were constantly available) until slaughter (72 wk). Growth rate, scrotal circumference, and paired testis volume were determined every 4 wk during the differential feeding period. Once scrotal circumference reached 26 cm, semen collection was attempted (to confirm puberty). Post-pubertal semen quality was monitored; once bulls were producing 70% morphologically normal sperm, semen was cryopreserved (programmable freezer). These semen samples (3 bulls per group and 3 ejaculates per bull) were used in an IVF system to determine the fertilizing ability of sperm and developmental competence of resulting embryos. In the low-, medium-, and high-nutrition groups, respectively, bulls were 369.3 ± 14.1, 327.4 ± 9.5, and 324.3 ± 11.7 days at puberty; their paired testes weights were 561.6 ± 23.1, 611.1 ± 59.1, and 727 ± 33.0 g; cleavage rates were 68.0 ± 8.7, 77.1 ± 3.5, and 68.7 ± 4.5%; and blastocyst rates were 31.5 ± 5.6, 41.4 ± 4.9, and 33.7 ± 4.6% (no significant differences among the 3 nutrition groups for rates of cleavage or blastocyst formation). We concluded that early-life supplementation of energy and protein hastened puberty (P < 0.05) and increased testicular size (P < 0.05), without compromising sperm fertilizing ability. Therefore, feeding dairy bull calves a high plane of nutrition early in life is recommended as a management strategy to improve their reproductive potential.
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PALOMINO G., Lady R., Carlos M. GARCÍA P., Jesús H. GIL G., Benjamín A. ROJANO e Diego L. DURANGO R. "DETERMINATION OF PHENOLIC CONTENT AND EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PROPOLIS FROM ANTIOQUIA (COLOMBIA)". Vitae 16, n.º 3 (23 de novembro de 2009): 388–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.vitae.3020.
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Propolis, a natural product collected by honeybee from exudates of plants, is widely used in traditional medicine due to its known therapeutic properties. In this paper, the quality of ethanol extracts of propolis (EEP) from different regions of Antioquia (Colombia) is compared through the determination of flavonoids and total phenolic compounds content, and thein vitro antioxidant activity, using three assay systems: radical scavenging activity by means of the DPPH• (1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS•+ (2,2’-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid cation) assays, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Determinations of total phenolic compounds content are found between 22.11 ± 0.54 and 75.22 ± 1.35 mg GAE/g of EEP, and total content of flavonoids between 4.75 ± 0.01 y 34.50 ± 0.07 mg QE/g of EEP. The radical scavenging activity varies from 33.9 ± 9.7 to 324.6 ± 15.0, and from 455.5 ± 7.8 to 1091 ± 17.3 μmol TE/g of EEP (TEAC) in the DPPH and ABTS system, respectively. In the FRAP method, the activity is found between 40.9 ± 13.3 and 338.4 ± 22.4 μmol AAE/g of EEP (AEAC). Results show a positive linear correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolic content. The antioxidant activity of some propolis indicates its potential role as nutraceutical.
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Mansingh, Ajai, e Llewellyn F. Rhodes. "Residual toxicity of various insecticidal formulations to the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Scolytidae: Coleoptera)". Insect Science and Its Application 6, n.º 2 (abril de 1985): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742758400006652.
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AbstractThe persistence of 34 formulations in the green (G) and red (R) berries of C. arabica var. typica, infested with female adult H. hampei were assayed by a dip-technique. The 3-day LC50 values in G and R (figures in parentheses) berries for thiodan EC 35 were 0.00284 (0.00327), and the relative ratio of values for other formulations were: perfekthion 1.2 (2.1) > carbicron 1.6 (2.3) > basudin 3.5 (3.2) > actellic 4.0 (3.6) > decis 4.1 (3.7) > thiodan EC 3 4.2 (4.2) > bidrin 5.8 (5.0) > malathion 5.8 (5.1) > lindane 5.8 (5.6) > ciodrin 5.9 (5.6) > folimat 6.0 (6.0) > belmark 6.2 (6.3) > aldicarb 8.0 (9.7) > nexion 11.0 (12.0)>kelthane 13.5 (15.4) > tiovel 14.6 (16.3) > dursban 15.6 (22.0) > chlordane 17.8 (23.8) > methomyl 21.5 (24.3) > aldrin 25.1 (24.9) > supona 27.2 (26.5) > dimilin 29.0 (27.5) > methoxychlor 31.7 (92.2) > chlorfenvinphos 35.8 (92.5) > dieldrin 41.2 (93.8) > phosdrin 65.0 (94.7)>sevin 104.2 (118.0)> nexagan 106.4 (121.9) > bimarit 196.4 (301.7) > azodrin 271.2 (410.4) > fenitrothion 448.3 (417.0) > chlorpyrifos 448.8 (614.3) > gardona 514.6 (703.1), -fold more than the thiodan EC 35 values.The 7-day LC50 values for 29 formulations were ca 10–82% less than those of the 3-day values; the decrease in the values for leading formulations being thiodan EC 35 13.4 (8.3), perfekthion 6.5 (39.9), carbicron 12.4 (10.6), thiodan EC 324.3 (16.4), malathion 35.2 (25.7), lindane 82.1 (76.9) and tiovel 59.6 (67). The values for the 17 least toxic formulations (except dimilin and bimarit) showed ca 27–88% decrease during the last 4 days of observations.
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Krivovichev, S. V., e P. C. Burns. "Crystal chemistry of basic lead carbonates. III. Crystal structures of Pb3O2(CO3) and NaPb2(OH)(CO3)2". Mineralogical Magazine 64, n.º 6 (dezembro de 2000): 1077–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/002646100549896.
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AbstractThe crystal structures of synthetic Pb3O2(CO3) and NaPb2(OH)(CO3)2, have been solved by direct methods and refined to R = 0.062 and 0.024, respectively. Pb3O2(CO3) is orthorhombic, Pnma, a = 22.194(3), b = 9.108(1), c = 5.7405(8) Å, V = 1160.4(3) Å3, Z = 8. There are four symmetrically distinct Pb2+ cations in irregular coordination polyhedra due to the effect of stereoactive s2 lone electron pairs. The structure is based upon double [O2Pb3] chains of [O(1)Pb4] and [O(2)Pb4] oxocentred tetrahedra and CO3 groups. The [O2Pb3] chains are parallel to the c axis, whereas the CO3 groups are parallel to the (010) plane. NaPb2(OH)(CO3)2 is hexagonal, P63mc, a = 5.276(1), c = 13.474(4)Å, V = 324.8(1) Å3, Z = 2 and has been solved by direct methods. There are two symmetrically distinct Pb2+ cations in asymmetric coordination polyhedra due to the effect of stereoactive s2 lone-electron pairs. The single symmetrically unique Na+ cation is in trigonal prismatic coordination. The structure is based on hexagonal sheets of Pb atoms. Within these sheets, Pb atoms are located at vertices of a 36 net, such that each Pb atom has six adjacent Pb atoms that are ~5.3 Å away. Two sheets are stacked in a close-packing arrangement, forming layers that contain the (CO3) groups. The layers are linked by OH groups that are linearly coordinated by two Pb2+ cations. Na+ cations are located between the layers. The structure is closely related to the structures of other lead hydroxide carbonates (leadhillite, macphersonite, susannite, hydrocerussite, ‘plumbonacrite’).
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Green, Robert A. "Discussion of “ Need for “Professional” Education for Professional Engineers ” by T. E. Fenske and S. M. Fenske (October, 1990, Vol. 116, No. 4)". Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice 118, n.º 3 (julho de 1992): 324–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1052-3928(1992)118:3(324.2).
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Semassa, A. J., S. W. Padonou, V. B. Anihouvi, N. H. Akissoé, A. Adjanohoun e L. Baba-Moussa. "Diversité Variétale, Qualité Et Utilisation Du Maïs (Zea Mays) En Afrique De l’Ouest : Revue Critique". European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, n.º 18 (29 de junho de 2016): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n18p197.
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Maize (Zea mays) is a cereal cultivated through all the region of the world. Its constitutes one of the cereals the most used for human consumption. The current review focused on the diversity, the nutritional quality and the forms of use of maize in West Africa region. The review allowed to notice that more than twenty varieties of maize were cultivated in Bénin and in the sub-region. With regard to nutritional aspect, those different varieties of maize contained variable amounts of starch (64-78%), fat (4- 6%), protein (7-12%), crude fibers (2-2.5%), ash (1-1.5%) and sugar (1-3%). Potassium (324.8-344 mg /100g), magnesium (107.9-115 mg/100g) and phosphorus (99,6-276 mg/100g) were the main mineral in maize. Likewise, leucine, isoleucine, tryptophane and valine all contained in the germ were the main amino acids in maize. These chemical components can be alone or in a possible synergy of action responsible for numerous technological advantages of maize. Through its chemical and technological characteristics the maize constitutes an important raw material for many culinary recipes in West Africa region. So it is important to make the inventory of the main varieties cultivated in the sub-region, to compare them at both nutritional and technological aspects for prospective actions to undertake in order to improve the yield of these varieties and to guarantee food security for the populations.
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Galea, Joseph, Naomi Rebuck, Adam Finn, Alex Manché e Neil Moat. "Expression of soluble endothelial adhesion molecules in clinical cardiopulmonary bypass". Perfusion 13, n.º 5 (setembro de 1998): 314–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765919801300506.
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Soluble endothelial adhesion molecule expression in clinical cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was investigated. Neutrophil-mediated endothelial injury plays an important role in CPB-induced organ dysfunction. The adhesion of neutrophil to the endothelium is central to this process. It has been well documented that CPB induces neutrophil activation and changes in neutrophil adhesion molecule expression, but the effect of CPB on endothelial cell activation is not known. This study was designed to measure soluble endothelial adhesion molecules during CPB. We made serial measurements (by specific enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay) of plasma levels of the soluble endothelial adhesion molecules, ICAM-1 and E-selectin in patients undergoing routine CPB ( n =7) and in a control group (thoracotomy, n = 3). The results show an initial significant decrease during CPB followed by an increase in plasma E-selectin from 29.3 ± 5.1 ng/ml (mean ± SEM) prebypass to 34.0 ± 5.4 ng/ml at 48 h postbypass. Likewise, plasma ICAM-1 significantly decreased during CPB and then increased from 246.3 ± 38.0 ng/ml before bypass to 324.8 ± 25.0 ng/ml and 355.0 ± 23.0 ng/ml at 24 and 48 h after bypass, respectively. The rise in levels is statistically significant ( p < 0.05). This study shows a decrease in circulating ICAM-1 and soluble E-selectin during CPB and an increase in their levels at 48 h after CPB.
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Hohmann, Erik, e Reino Pieterse. "Temporary Incapacitation Rates and Permanent Loss of Medical License in Commercial Airline Pilots". Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 94, n.º 3 (1 de março de 2023): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3357/amhp.6071.2023.
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INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to report the temporary loss of medical license and pilot incapacitations in the United Arab Emirates from 2018–2021.METHOD: The General Civil Aviation Authority database was searched for all reported temporary suspensions of license between 2018–2021 and the ICD-10 codes were extracted.RESULTS: A total of 1233 incapacitations was reported with a mean license suspension of 148.4 ± 276.8 d. The mean days of suspension for the various medical specialties were 115.2 ± 188.4 for musculoskeletal conditions (N = 392), 189.3 ± 324.8 for medicine (N = 335), 101.6 ± 231.4 for surgery, 109.4 ± 223.5 for urology (N = 93), 90.3 ± 128.7 for ophthalmology (N = 68), 385.6 ± 594.3 for psychiatry (N = 61), 150.4+285.9 for ENT (N = 59), 419.4 ± 382.6 for obstetrics and gynecology (N = 30), and 44.9+39 for dermatology (N = 21). Permanent suspensions were as follows: total N = 100 (8.1%), musculoskeletal N = 13 (3.3%), medicine N = 37 (11%), surgery N = 10 (5.7%), urology N = 10 (10.7%), ophthalmology N = 2 (2.9%), psychiatry N = 20 (32.8%), ENT N = 1 (1.7%), obstetrics and gynecology N = 4 (13.1%), and dermatology N = 3 (14.3%).DISCUSSION: Musculoskeletal conditions are the most common reason for temporary loss of medical license followed by medical and surgical conditions. The least common reason was dermatological conditions. The longest period of incapacitation was associated with psychiatric conditions followed by medical and ENT conditions. The annual calculated temporary incapacitation rate was 2.8% and the permanent suspension rate was 0.25%.Hohmann E, Pieterse R. Temporary incapacitation rates and permanent loss of medical license in commercial airline pilots. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(3):113–121.
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FERRERE, Paula, e Ana M. LUPI. "How much carbon do Argentine Pampas Pinus radiata plantations store?" Forest Systems 32, n.º 1 (28 de fevereiro de 2023): e005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/fs/2023321-19703.
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Aim of study: To quantify the biomass and carbon stored in the main ecosystem components in Pinus radiata D. don plantations across an age sequence in the Pampean region of Argentina.
Area of study: Plantations were established on non-agricultural land, southeast of the province of Buenos Aires.
Material and methods: Fourteen sites were selected of Pinus radiata plantations, 9-, 13-, 15-, 19- and 21-years-old, in a first forest rotation. Forty-two trees were destructively sampled, allometric functions were set and biomass was estimated for the different compartments (needles, branches, stem). Root biomass was estimated from equations adjusted by the sampling of twenty-four trees. At 4 sites, C-stock was determined in the tree component, in the forest floor and understory, and soil organic carbon (SOC) was determined to a 50 cm depth.
Main results: C-stock in the tree component increased with stand age, whereas SOC and C-stock in the forest floor and understory were not related to stand age. The system-level C-stock was 273.1, 263.7, 269.7 and 324.1 Mg ha-1 for the 9-, 13-, 19- and 21-year-old stands. On average, 9% of the total system-level C-stock was in the soil, while 28% was in the tree biomass and 3% was in the forest floor and understory.
Research highlights: The forestry component contributed to C sequestration with no changes in SOC-stocks reserves for the age range studied.
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Trotman, Audrey A., P. David, D. Mortley e J. Seminara. "IMPACT OF NUTRIENT REPLENISHMENT ON HYDROPONIC SWEETPOTATO CULTURE". HortScience 31, n.º 5 (setembro de 1996): 761d—761. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.5.761d.
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In a greenhouse experiment, the effect of the addition of higher levels of potassium (K) in the replenishment stock used to supply nutrients in a nutrient film technique system was examined. For this study, `TU-82-155' sweetpotato was grown hydroponically for 120 days under four nutrient application/replenishment treatments: 1) REG—solution was changed at 14-day intervals and volume allowed to fluctuate; 2) MHH—replenishment with 10× concentrate of a modified half Hoagland solution (MHH) or with water to regain set volume (30.4 liters) and maintain set point of electrical conductivity (EC, 1050–1500 μmho); 3) MHH + 2K—daily replenishment with 10× concentrate of a modified half Hoagland solution (MHH) or with water to regain the set volume and adjust EC to 1400 followed by application of 50 ml of a 2K stock solution to an EC of 1500; 4) MHH/2K—replenishment with 10× concentrate of a modified half Hoagland solution that incorporated the 2K component or with water to regain set volume (30.4 liters) and maintain set point of electrical conductivity (EC, 105–1500 μmho). The storage root yield (g fresh weight per plant) was significantly higher when the 2K treatment was incorporated with the 10× MHH stock. The storage root yield averaged 324.8 g/plant compared with a yield of 289.6 and 252.9 g/plant, respectively, for the REG and MHH nutrient application protocol. As in earlier experiments, the MHH treatment was comparable to the REG protocol, validating the use of a replenishment approach for nutrient supply in hydroponic sweetpotato culture.
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Al-Sakran, Lina H., Ruth Ann Marrie, David F. Blackburn, Katherine B. Knox e Charity D. Evans. "Establishing the Incidence and Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in Saskatchewan". Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 45, n.º 3 (20 de março de 2018): 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2017.301.
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AbstractObjective: To validate a case definition of multiple sclerosis (MS) using health administrative data and to provide the first province-wide estimates of MS incidence and prevalence for Saskatchewan, Canada. Methods: We used population-based health administrative data between January 1, 1996 and December 31, 2015 to identify individuals with MS using two potential case definitions: (1) ≥3 hospital, physician, or prescription claims (Marrie definition); (2) ≥1 hospitalization or ≥5 physician claims within 2 years (Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System [CCDSS] definition). We validated the case definitions using diagnoses from medical records (n=400) as the gold standard. Results: The Marrie definition had a sensitivity of 99.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 92.3-99.2), specificity of 98.5% (95% CI 97.3-100.0), positive predictive value (PPV) of 99.5% (95% CI 97.2-100.0), and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.5% (95% CI 94.4-99.2). The CCDSS definition had a sensitivity of 91.0% (95% CI 81.2-94.6), specificity of 99.0% (95% CI 96.4-99.9), PPV of 98.9% (95% CI 96.1-99.9), and NPV of 91.7% (95% CI 87.2-95.0). Using the more sensitive Marrie definition, the average annual adjusted incidence per 100,000 between 2001 and 2013 was 16.5 (95% CI 15.8-17.2), and the age- and sex-standardized prevalence of MS in Saskatchewan in 2013 was 313.6 per 100,000 (95% CI 303.0-324.3). Over the study period, incidence remained stable while prevalence increased slightly. Conclusion: We confirm Saskatchewan has one of the highest rates of MS in the world. Similar to other regions in Canada, incidence has remained stable while prevalence has gradually increased.
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Panagiotopoulou, Foteini-Vasiliki, Yiannis Michailidis, Athanasios Mandroukas, Aris Mavropoulos, Vasilios Tsimaras, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Kosmas Christoulas e Thomas Metaxas. "Match Running Performance Profile and Heart Rate Response in Amputee Soccer Players". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, n.º 14 (13 de julho de 2023): 6357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20146357.
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was (a) to create a profile of the running performances of male amputee soccer players in different speed zones, (b) to investigate the relationship between heart rate (HR) and running distance in two soccer matches, and (c) to study the effect of the level of amputation on the running distance covered during a match. Material and Methods: The participants were male amputee soccer players (n = 10, Greek, n = 5; Belgian, n = 5) who played two international, friendly matches. Distances were measured using a global positioning system, and HRs were recorded using a Polar Team Pro. Results: No differences in the distances covered were observed between participants with different levels of amputation (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, there was a trend that participants with a below-the-knee amputation tended to cover longer distances in total (difference +262.3 m, Cohen’s d = 0.40) and in zones 2 (+324.4 m, d = 0.79), 3 (+ 7.1 m, d = 0.65), 4 (+22.7 m, d = 0.43), and 5 (+0.4 m, d = 0.20) and less distance in zone 1 (−207.2 m, d = 0.88). They also tended to perform more accelerations (+3.9, d = 0.89) and decelerations (+4.2, d = 0.87) and had a higher mean HR (+8.4%, d = 2.04) than those with an above-the-knee amputation. Moreover, the mean HR corresponded to 83.3% of the HRmax and did not correlate with distance in any speed zone. Conclusions: It was concluded that the level of amputation might influence running performance and acute physiological response during a soccer match.
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Singh, Pankaj, Ramesh Singh, Kamal Khilari, Prashant Mishra e Hem Singh. "Effect of Different Culture Media on Growth and Establishment of Phomopsis vexans Inciting Fruit Rot of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)". Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 27, n.º 1 (5 de fevereiro de 2024): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2024/v27i1680.
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The fruit rot caused by Phomopsis vexans (Sacc. & Syd.) Harter is a destructive disease of brinjal and is considered to be a major constraint for its production. The present study was carried out at the Centre of Excellence for Sanitary and Phytosanitary, Department of Plant Pathology, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, for the evaluation of different culture media on growth and development of Phomopsis vexans. The study showed the maximum radial growth on OMA (90.00 mm), followed by PDA (88.20 mm) and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (80.16 mm). The pycnidial densities were recorded as excellent on OMA and TFA, good on PDA, SDA, BFA, and MEA, and poor on YMA and CMA media with brown to black colour, while on RSA and WA they were absent. The colony colour were observed on several cultural media with circular and irregular shapes. The maximum pycnidial size was recorded on TFA (454.35×316.18 µm), followed by SDA (415.60× 296.26 µm) and BFA (324.72×368.84 µm), whereas the minimum was recorded on CMA (289.48×128.52 µm), followed by MEA (308.66×140.25 µm). The α-conidia were noticed to be sub-cylindrical and elliptical in shape and largest conidia observed on TMA (10.6×2.6µm), followed by BFA (9.8×2.6µm), and the smallest on RSA (6.1×1.6µm). The number of conidia was recorded highest on OMA (29.) medium and lowest on RSA (12.63). The β-conidia were not observed in this study. The number of guttullae were recorded 1-2 in all tested culture media except TFA and SDA, which had 2-3.
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Jordan, José A., Juan Carlos Llibre, Frank Vázquez, Raúl Rodríguez, José A. Prince e José Carlos Ugarte. "Predictors of Hemorrhagic Complications from Endovascular Treatment of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations". Interventional Neuroradiology 20, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2014): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15274/inr-2014-10011.
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Post-embolization hemorrhage is the most severe, dramatic and morbidity-mortality-related complication in the treatment of endovascular arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The objective of this study was to determine predictive factors of post-embolization hemorrhage. This is a retrospective study in 71 patients with cerebral AVMs having undergone 147 embolization sessions with n-butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA), carried out between 2006 and 2011. Clinical-demographic, morphological and treatment data as well as results were recorded. The relationship of post-procedure hemorrhage with demographic and morphological factors, percentage devascularization per session, venous drainage and whether or not post-procedure hypotension had been induced was investigated. Six post-embolization hemorrhages occurred, all in sessions characterized by extensive devascularization without the induction of post-procedure hypotension; which disappeared after a limit to the extent of devascularization per session and post-procedure hypotension were introduced. In the multivariate analysis, hemorrhage predictors were: nidus diameter < 3 cm (OR= 45.02; CI=95%:1.17–203.79; P=0.005); devascularization > 40% (OR=32.4; CI=95%: 3.142–518.6; P=0.009) per session; intranidal aneurysms (OR=7.5; CI=95%:1.19–341.3; P=0.041) and lack of post-procedure hypotension (OR=16.51; CI=95%:1.81–324.4; P=0.049) and the association of sessions with devascularization exceeding 40% with lack of post-procedure hypotension, showed an increase in the risk of hemorrhage (OR=36.4; CI=95%:3.67–362.4; P=0.002). Extensive devascularization and the absence of post-procedure hypotension increase the risk of hemorrhage. We suggest partial, 25–30%, devascularization per session and the induction of post-procedure hypotension, which produces a 20% decrease of the basal mean arterial pressure (MAP).
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Valenzuela López, Marino, Leopoldo Partida Ruvalcaba, Tomás Díaz Valdés, Teresa De Jesús Velázquez Alcaraz, Germán Bojórquez Bojórquez e Tomás Enciso Osuna. "Respuesta del tomate cultivado en hidroponía con soluciones nutritivas en sustrato humus de lombriz-fibra de coco". Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 5, n.º 5 (14 de fevereiro de 2018): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v5i5.903.
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El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer el efecto que induce la solución nutritiva Steiner al 100% de concentración nutrimental, así como las variaciones en la concentración de la misma (25 y 50%) de dicha concentración, en comparación con el testigo (sólo agua), aplicadas en mezclas de sustratos orgánicos a base de humus de lombriz y fibra de coco, en proporciones v:v de 25:75, 50:50 y 75:25. Con el tomate hibrido Imperial injertado con Multifort® tipo bola, de crecimiento indeterminado, durante el ciclo agrícola 2011-2012. Se estableció un experimento factorial 4 x 3 en un diseño experimental completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Las variables de estudio fueron índice de verdor (determinada con SPAD 502), diámetro ecuatorial y polar de fruto, y rendimiento según la clasif icación de la norma oficial NMX-FF-031-1997. Se observaron incrementos en el índice de verdor de 43.1, 48.7 y 55.8% con las soluciones al 25, 50 y 100% de concentración nutrimental a los 150 ddt (días después del trasplante), en comparación con plantas irrigadas con agua; el diámetro ecuatorial de los frutos tuvo incrementos de 34.3-39.3% en el primer racimo, en comparación al de frutos en el testigo, en el segundo racimo fueron de 55.8-60.2%, y en el tercero de 360.8-412.7%; el diámetro polar de frutos del tercer racimo se incrementó 308.6, 334.4 y 324.8% con las respectivas soluciones al 25, 50 y 100%; mientras que con las mismas soluciones el rendimiento total se expresó con incrementos de 295.0, 378.2 y 394.7%, pero las mejores respuestas se dieron donde se aplicaron las soluciones al 50 y 100%.
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Cosola, Saverio, Paolo Toti, Enrico Babetto, Ugo Covani, Miguel Peñarrocha-Diago e David Peñarrocha-Oltra. "In-Vitro Investigation of Fatigue and Fracture Behavior of Transmucosal versus Submerged Bone Level Implants Used in Fixed Prosthesis". Applied Sciences 11, n.º 13 (3 de julho de 2021): 6186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11136186.
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Background: The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the fatigue performance of different dental fixtures in two different emergence profiles. Biological failures are frequently reported because the problem canonly be solved by replacing a failing implant with a new one. Clinicians addressed minor mechanical failures, such as bending, loosening or the fracture of screws, abutment, or the entire prosthesis, by simply replacing or fixing them. Methods: Transmucosal and submerged bone-level dental implants underwent fatigue strength tests (statical and dynamical performance) by a standardized test: UNI EN ISO 14801:2016. Two types of emergence profiles (Premium sub-crestal straight implant with a cylindrical-shaped coronal emergence or Prama one-piece cylindrical-shape implant with transmucosal convergent neck and hyperbolic geometry) were tested, and dynamic fatigue were run to failure. Data was analyzed by a suitable statistical tool. Results: The Wöhler curve of 0.38 cm Premium group c2, appeared to be significantly different from that of the 0.38 cm Prama group c3 (nonparametric one-way ANOVA χ2 = 6; degree of freedom = 1; probability = 0.0043) but not from that of the 0.33 cm Premium group c1 (nonparametric one-way ANOVA χ2 = 0.62; degree of freedom = 1; probability = 0.4328). Fatigue performance of configuration 2 was one and a half times better than that of configuration 3. Group c3 had a better ultimate failure load (421.6 ± 12.5 N) than the other two settings i.e., c1 (324.5 ± 5.5 N) and c2 (396.3 ± 5.6) reaching almost a nonsignificant level. Conclusions: It was observed that a transmucosal implant design could provide the highest resistance to static fracture. On the other hand, an equicrestal implant design could increase dynamic endurance.
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Liu, Shawn, Christian Vaillancourt, Ann Kasaboski e Monica Taljaard. "Bystander fatigue and CPR quality by older bystanders: a randomized crossover trial comparing continuous chest compressions and 30:2 compressions to ventilations". CJEM 18, n.º 6 (21 de setembro de 2016): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2016.373.
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ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study sought to measure bystander fatigue and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) quality after five minutes of CPR using the continuous chest compression (CCC) versus the 30:2 chest compression to ventilation method in older lay persons, a population most likely to perform CPR on cardiac arrest victims.MethodsThis randomized crossover trial took place at three tertiary care hospitals and a seniors’ center. Participants were aged ≥55 years without significant physical limitations (frailty score ≤3/7). They completed two 5-minute CPR sessions (using 30:2 and CCC) on manikins; sessions were separated by a rest period. We used concealed block randomization to determine CPR method order. Metronome feedback maintained a compression rate of 100/minute. We measured heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and Borg Exertion Scale. CPR quality measures included total number of compressions and number of adequate compressions (depth ≥5 cm).ResultsSixty-three participants were enrolled: mean age 70.8 years, female 66.7%, past CPR training 60.3%. Bystander fatigue was similar between CPR methods: mean difference in HR -0.59 (95% CI −3.51-2.33), MAP 1.64 (95% CI −0.23-3.50), and Borg 0.46 (95% CI 0.07-0.84). Compared to 30:2, participants using CCC performed more chest compressions (480.0 v. 376.3, mean difference 107.7; p<0.0001) and more adequate chest compressions (381.5 v. 324.9, mean difference. 62.0; p=0.0001), although good compressions/minute declined significantly faster with the CCC method (p=0.0002).ConclusionsCPR quality decreased significantly faster when performing CCC compared to 30:2. However, performing CCC produced more adequate compressions overall with a similar level of fatigue compared to the 30:2 method.
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Demir, G., R. U. Gürsu, S. Pekmezci e K. Kaynak. "Pulmonary and hepatic metastasectomy in colorectal cancer–is it worth it". Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, n.º 18_suppl (20 de junho de 2007): 14574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.14574.
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14574 Forty eight patients (24 males and 24 females) with colorectal carcinoma and lung or hepatic metastasis who had undergone metastasectomy were evaluated retrospectively. The mean age was 58.12±8.34 years (43–79 years). The mean age of the males was 60.16±8.21 years (47–79 years), while it was 56.08±8.13 years in the females (43–71 years). Among the 48 metastasectomies that were performed, 11 were pulmonary metastases, and 37 were hepatic metastases. The mean time to the hepatic metastasectomy after primary surgery was 324.37±420.04. Among the hepatic metastases, one was located in the caudate lobe, 16 were located in the right lobe, and 20 were located in the left lobe. Thirty of the patients had received postoperative chemotherapy after liver metastasectomy. Twenty two of the patients who underwent liver metastasectomy (59%) had a recurrence. In 14 of these, (38%) the recurrence was in the liver. Overall survival of the patients with liver metastasectomy was 914.19±577.08 days. Survival after metastasectomy was 578.80±331.54 days. On the other hand, the mean time to pulmonary metastasectomy after primary surgery was 811.81±552.06 days. Eight of the lung metastases were located in the right lobe, whereas 3 were located in the left lobe. Three patients had concomittant metastases in the right upper and lower lobes, and one patient had additional liver metastasis. Eight of the patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy had received postoperative chemotherapy. Five of the patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy (45%) had a recurrence. Two of the patients had recurrence in the lung, while 3 had recurrence elsewhere. Overall survival of the patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy after initial surgery was 1341.54±816.21 days. Survival after metastasectomy was 528.81±365.45 days while recurrence-free survival after pulmonary metastasctomy was 342.18±125.71 days. Conclusion: This study suggests that patients with pulmonary metastasectomies have even beter clinical outcomes then hepatic metastasectomies in patients with metastatic coloercatla cencer. Every effort should be made to perform both pulmonary and hepatic metastasectomies in this group of patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Dalle Ore, Cecilia L., Christopher P. Ames, Vedat Deviren e Darryl Lau. "Perioperative outcomes associated with thoracolumbar 3-column osteotomies for adult spinal deformity patients with rheumatoid arthritis". Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 30, n.º 6 (junho de 2019): 822–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.11.spine18927.
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OBJECTIVESpinal deformity causing spinal imbalance is directly correlated to pain and disability. Prior studies suggest adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have more complex deformities and are at higher risk for complications. In this study the authors compared outcomes of ASD patients with RA following thoracolumbar 3-column osteotomies to outcomes of a matched control cohort.METHODSAll patients with RA who underwent 3-column osteotomy for thoracolumbar deformity correction performed by the senior author from 2006 to 2016 were identified retrospectively. A cohort of patients without RA who underwent 3-column osteotomies for deformity correction was matched based on multiple clinical factors. Data regarding demographics and surgical approach, along with endpoints including perioperative outcomes, reoperations, and incidence of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) were reviewed. Univariate analyses were used to compare patients with RA to matched controls.RESULTSEighteen ASD patients with RA were identified, and a matched cohort of 217 patients was generated. With regard to patients with RA, 11.1% were male and the mean age was 68.1 years. Vertebral column resection (VCR) was performed in 22.2% and pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) in 77.8% of patients. Mean case length was 324.4 minutes and estimated blood loss (EBL) was 2053.6 ml. Complications were observed in 38.9% of patients with RA and 29.0% of patients without RA (p = 0.380), with a trend toward increased medical complications (38.9% vs 21.2%, p = 0.084). Patients with RA had a significantly higher incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)/pulmonary embolism (PE) (11.1% vs 1.8%, p = 0.017) and wound infections (16.7% vs 5.1%, p = 0.046). PJK occurred in 16.7% of patients with RA, and 33.3% of RA patients underwent reoperation. Incidence rates of PJK and reoperation in matched controls were 12.9% and 25.3%, respectively (p = 0.373, p = 0.458). At follow-up, mean sagittal vertical axis (SVA) was 6.1 cm in patients with RA and 4.5 cm in matched controls (p = 0.206).CONCLUSIONSFindings from this study suggest that RA patients experience a higher incidence of medical complications, specifically DVT/PE. Preoperative lower-extremity ultrasounds, inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement, and/or early initiation of DVT prophylaxis in RA patients may be indicated. Perioperative complications, morbidity, and long-term outcomes are otherwise similar to non-RA patients.
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Takahiro, Hosokawa, Mayuki Uchiyama, Yutaka Tanami, Yumiko Sato, Yasuharu Wakabayashi e Eiji Oguma. "A single-center experience of using milk scintigraphy in 251 pediatric patients: A retrospective study". Medicine 102, n.º 45 (10 de novembro de 2023): e35746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000035746.
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To report our experience with milk gastroesophageal scintigraphy and the management of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in children. In 251 pediatric patients we recorded age, underlying disease, central nervous system (CNS) disorders, and GER management. GER management was classified based on treatment plans: grade 0, non-pharmacological treatment; grade 1, non-pharmacological but using a nasogastric tube; grade 2, pharmacological treatment; grade 3, transpyloric feeding; and grade 4, Nissen fundoplication surgery. Patients were included in classified groups with (grades 2, 3, and 4) and without (grades 0 and 1) GER treatment. We evaluated the GER height (classified based on the height of GER, grade 0; no GER, 1; GER in the lower esophagus, 2; GER in the upper esophagus), GER duration in the lower and upper esophagus, presence or absence of massive GER amounts in the lower and upper esophagus, and gastric emptying time. We compared milk scintigraphy results and patient characteristics between groups with (grades 2, 3, and 4) and without (grades 0 and 1) GER treatment. We treated 121 patients for GER. CNS disorders (presence/absence: 46/74 with vs 21/110 without treatment, P < .001). The GER height grade (1.7 ± 0.5 [range, 0–2] with vs 1.5 ± 0.7 [range, 0–2] without treatment, P = .002), massive GER amount (present/absent: 21/99 with vs 9/122 without treatment, P = .011), and duration of GER (seconds) (324.5 ± 508.3 [range, 0–1800] vs 125.0 ± 291.9 [range, 0–1750], P < .001) in the upper esophageal half differed significantly. Similarly massive GER amount (present/absent: 54/66 with vs 34/97 without treatment, P = .002) and GER duration (621.3 ± 601.0 [range, 0–1800] vs 349.8 ± 452.4 [range, 0–1800], P < .001) in the lower esophageal half differed significantly. Additionally, CNS disorders, age, and massive GER in the upper esophageal half differed significantly among grades 2 and 4 in treated patients (P < .05, P < .001, P < .05, respectively). Milk scintigraphy is useful for deciding whether GER treatment is indicated. However, the treatment plan needs to be decided based on each patient’s condition.
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Alessio, A., A. Fili, D. Forcato, M. F. Olmos-Nicotra, F. Alustiza, N. Rodriguez, R. V. Sampaio et al. "357 EARLY FETAL DEVELOPMENT OF NUCLEAR TRANSFER BOVINE EMBRYOS GENERATED FROM FIBROBLASTS GENETICALLY MODIFIED BY piggyBac TRANSPOSITION". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 27, n.º 1 (2015): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv27n1ab357.
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Transposon-mediated transgenesis is a well-established tool for genome manipulation in small animal models. However, translation of this active transgenesis method to the large animal setting requires further investigation. We have previously demonstrated that a helper-independent piggyBac (PB) transposon system can efficiently transpose transgenes into the bovine genome [Alessio et al. 2014 Reprod. Domest. Anim. 49 (Suppl. 1), 8]. The aims of the current study were a) to investigate the effectiveness of a hyperactive version of the PB transposase, and b) to determine the ability of the genetically modified cells to support early embryo and fetal development upon somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Bovine fetal fibroblasts (BFF) were chemically transfected with either pmGENIE-3 (a helper-independent PB transposon conferring genes for hygromycin resistance and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP); Urschitz et al. 2010 PNAS USA 107, 8117–8122), pmhyGENIE-3 (carrying an hyperactive version of the PB transposase; Marh et al. 2012 PNAS USA 109, 19 184–19 189), or pmGENIE-3/Δ PB (a control plasmid lacking a functional PB transposase). Upon transfection, cell cultures were subjected to 14 days of hygromycin selection. Antibiotic-resistant and EGFP+ colonies were counted and data analysed by ANOVA and Tukey's test. For SCNT, pmhyGENIE-3 and pmGENIE-3 polyclonal cell lines were selected by FACS and individual cells used as nuclear donors. Day 7 blastocysts were nonsurgically transferred to synchronized recipients. Conceptuses were recovered by Day 35 of gestation, observed under fluorescence excitation, and genotyped. The mean number of colonies in pmhyGENIE-3 group was significantly higher than those in pmGENIE-3 and the control group (324.0 ± 17.8 v. 100.0 ± 16.1 and 2.8 ± 0.8 respectively, n = 4–7; P < 0.05). The hyperactive transposase increased transgene integration efficiency 3.24 times compared with the conventional PB transposase. The SCNT and early fetal development data are summarised in Table 1. Phenotypic analysis revealed that both transgenic fetuses and the extraembryonic membranes expressed EGFP with no macroscopic evidence of variegated transgene expression. Molecular analysis by PCR confirmed that both fetuses carried the transposon DNA. Here, we demonstrate that a hyperactive version of the PB transposase is more active in bovine cells than the conventional PB transposase. In addition, SCNT embryos generated from genetically modified cells by the pGENIE transposon system can progress to early stages of fetal development. Table 1.SCNT and early fetal development of bovine fibroblasts transposed with piggyBac1 The financial support of UNRC, CONICET and ANPCyT from Argentina is gratefully acknowledged.
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Wu, Haixia, Hantao Hao, Hongzhen Lei, Yan Ge, Hengtong Shi e Yan Song. "Farm Size, Risk Aversion and Overuse of Fertilizer: The Heterogeneity of Large-Scale and Small-Scale Wheat Farmers in Northern China". Land 10, n.º 2 (25 de janeiro de 2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020111.
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The excessive use of fertilizer has resulted in serious environmental degradation and a high health cost in China. Understanding the reasons for the overuse of fertilizer is critical to the sustainable development of Chinese agriculture, and large-scale operation is considered as one of the measures to deal with the excessive fertilizer use. Under the premise of fully considering the resource endowment and heterogeneity of large-scale farmers and small-scale farmers in production and management, different production decision-making frameworks were constructed. Based on the 300 large-scale farmers and 480 small-scale farmers in eight provinces of northern China wheat region, we analyzed the optimal fertilizer use amount and its deviation as well as the influencing factors of small-scale and large-scale farmers, then further clarified whether the development of scale management could solve the problem of excessive fertilizer use. The empirical results show that: (1) both small-scale farmers and large-scale farmers deviated from the optimal fertilizer application amount, where the deviation degree of optimal fertilizer application of small-scale farmers is significantly higher than that of large-scale farmers, with a deviation degree of 35.43% and 23.69% for small and large scale farmers, respectively; (2) not all wheat growers in North China had the problem of excessive use of chemical fertilizer, as the optimal level of chemical fertilizer application in Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia are 346.5 kgha−1 and 335.25 kgha−1, while the actual fertilizer use amount was 337.2 kgha−1 and 324.6 kgha−1, respectively; and (3) the higher the risk aversion level, farmers tended to apply more fertilizer to ensure grain output. Therefore, increasing farm size should be integrated into actions such as improving technological innovation and providing better information transfer to achieve the goal of zero-increase in Chinese fertilizer use.
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Camp, Christopher L., Hamidreza Jahandar, Alec M. Sinatro, Carl W. Imhauser, David W. Altchek e Joshua S. Dines. "Quantitative Anatomic Analysis of the Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Complex of the Elbow". Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 6, n.º 3 (1 de março de 2018): 232596711876275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967118762751.
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Background: A more detailed assessment of the anatomy of the entire medial ulnar collateral ligament complex (MUCLC) is desired as the rate of medial elbow reconstruction surgery continues to rise. Purpose: To quantify the anatomy of the MUCLC, including the anterior bundle (AB), posterior bundle (PB), and transverse ligament (TL). Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Ten unpaired, fresh-frozen cadaveric elbows underwent 3-dimensional (3D) digitization and computed tomography with 3D reconstruction. Ligament footprint areas and geometries, distances to key bony landmarks, and isometry were determined. A surgeon digitized the visual center of each footprint, and this location was compared with the geometric centroid calculated from the outline of the digitized footprint. Results: The mean surface area of the AB was 324.2 mm2, with an origin footprint of 32.3 mm2 and an elongated insertional footprint of 187.6 mm2 (length, 29.7 mm). The mean area of the PB was 116.6 mm2 (origin, 25.9 mm2; insertion, 15.8 mm2), and the mean surface area of the TL was 134.5 mm2 (origin, 21.2 mm2; insertion, 16.7 mm2). The geometric centroids of all footprints could be predicted within 0.8 to 1.3 mm, with the exception of the AB insertion centroid, which was 7.6 mm distal to the perceived center at the apex of the sublime tubercle. While the PB remained relatively isometric from 0° to 90° of flexion ( P = .606), the AB lengthened by 2.2 mm ( P < .001). Conclusion: Contrary to several historical reports, the insertional footprint of the AB was larger, elongated, and tapered. The TL demonstrated a previously unrecognized expansive soft tissue insertion directly onto the AB, and additional analysis of the biomechanical contribution of this structure is needed. Clinical Relevance: These findings may serve as a foundation for future study of the MUCLC and help refine current surgical reconstruction techniques.
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Cheng, Ruiming, Jing Zhang, Xinyue Wang e Zhidong Zhang. "Growth Suitability Evaluation of Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr Based on Potential NPP under Different Climate Scenarios". Sustainability 15, n.º 1 (25 de dezembro de 2022): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010331.
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Larch (Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr) is a major coniferous tree species in northern China, and climate change has serious impacts on larch growth. However, the impact of future climate change on net primary productivity (NPP) and the growth suitability of larch is unclear. Based on forest inventory data, spatially continuous environmental factor data (climate, topography, soil), and NPP from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach (CASA) model in the study area, the random forest (RF) model was used to simulate the potential NPP and growth suitability of larch under different shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5) for current and future (2041–2060, 2080–2100). The correlation between potential NPP and determinants under different climate scenarios was analyzed at the pixel scale. The results showed that: (1) RF showed excellent performance in predicting the potential NPP of the region (R2 = 0.80, MAE = 15.61 gC·m−2·a−1, RMSE = 29.68 gC·m−2·a−1). (2) Under current climatic conditions, the mean potential NPP of larch was 324.9 gC·m−2·a−1. Low growth suitability of larch occurred in most parts of the study area, and high growth suitability only existed in the Bashang area and the high-elevation mountains. (3) The total area of high and medium growth suitable areas were projected to be 76.0%, 66.7%, 78.2%, and 80.8% by the end of this century under the SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5 climate scenarios, respectively. (4) Under the SSP1-2.6 and SSP2-4.5 climate scenarios, the temperature had a significant contribution to the accumulation of the larch’s NPP, whereas precipitation had less effect on the larch’s growth. The results provided a theoretical basis for the adaptive management of larch forests under global climate change.
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Hu, Wei, Zhi-Yong Zhong, Yu-Ting Gao, Xue-Feng Ren, Hai-Yang Liu e Xiao-Jiang Tang. "Establishment of LC-MS/MS Method for Determination of GMDTC in Rat Plasma and Its Application in Preclinical Pharmacokinetics". Molecules 28, n.º 3 (25 de janeiro de 2023): 1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031191.
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Sodium (S)-2-(dithiocarboxylato((2S,3R,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexyl)amino)-4(methylthio)butanoate (GMDTC) is the first compound to use cadmium repellent as an indication. In this paper, we established and validated a bioanalytical method for the determination of GMDTC in rat plasma, and used it to determine the drug concentrations in the plasma of rats after intravenous dosing in different genders and dosages. After pretreating the plasma samples with an acetonitrile–water–ammonia solution (70:30:1.25, v/v/v), liquid chromatographic separations were efficiently achieved with a XBridge C18 column using a 5 min gradient system of aqueous ammonium bicarbonate and 95% acetonitrile–water solution (95:5, v/v) as the eluent. The GMDTC and metolazone (internal standard, IS) detection were carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), monitored at m/z 390.06–324.1 (for the GMDTC, tR: 2.03 min) and m/z 366.0–259.2 (for IS, tR: 3.88 min). The GMDTC was stable under various testing conditions, and this analytical method conforms to the verification standard of biological analysis methods. The half-life (t1/2) was determined to be 0.54–0.65 h for the intravenous, mean distribution volume and clearances were 1.08–2.08 L/kg and 1–3 L/h/kg, respectively. The AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ found after increasing the dosage exhibited a linear relationship with the administered dose. There were no statistically significant differences in the values obtained for the different genders at dosages of 50, 100 and 250 mg/kg, respectively (p > 0.05). This is the first report of a bioanalytical method to quantify GMDTC in rat plasma using LC–MS/MS, which provides useful information for the study of its pharmacological effects and clinical applications.
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ADARSH KUMAR, K.S. RANA, D.S. RANA, R.S. BANA, ANIL K. CHOUDHARY e VIJAY POONIYA. "Effect of nutrient-and moisture-management practices on crop productivity, water-use efficiency and energy dynamics in rainfed maize (Zea mays) + soybean (Glycine max) intercropping system". Indian Journal of Agronomy 60, n.º 1 (10 de outubro de 2001): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v60i1.4431.
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A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2012 at New Delhi, to study the effect of cropping systems, nutrient-and moisture-management practices on productivity and water-use efficiency (WUE) of maize (Zea mays L.) + soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] intercropping system under rainfed conditions. Treatment com- prised 2 cropping systems (maize sole and paired row planting maize + soybean) and 2 moisture-management practices (control and Kaolin 6% + organic mulch) in main plots, and 4 nutrient levels, viz. control, 50% recom- mended dose of fertilizer (RDF) + 50% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through FYM, 50% RDF + 50% RDN through vermicompost and 100% RDF in subplots of splitplot design. However, maize-equivalent yield (3.47 t/ha) was the highest under paired row planting maize + soybean. The 100% RDF registered significantly higher grain yield (2.99 t/ha) of maize over control (2.03 t/ha) and 50% RDF+ 50% RDN through FYM (2.74 t/ha), 50% RDF+ 50% RDN through vermicompost (2.85 t/ha). Paired-row planted maize + soybean also registered more consumptive use (CU) of water (331.7 mm) than sole maize (324.6 mm). Moisture-conservation practices showed considerable variation in CU. Maximum water-use efficiency (WUE) was recorded with Kaolin 6% + or- ganic mulch. Fertility levels also influenced the CU with highest value with100% RDF (330 mm) followed by 50% RDF + 50% RDN through vermicompost (329.1 mm). Significantly higher WUE was observed under paired row planted maize + soybean (10.9 kg/hamm). Cropping systems altered the soil-moisture extraction pattern in all the 3 layers (015, 1530 and 3045 cm). Energy output, energy input and energy-use efficiency was higher in paired-row planted maize + soybean, Kaolin 6% + organic mulch and 100% RDF than their respective counter- parts.
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Mansour, Djamel, Sid Ahmed Souiah, Mohamed El Amine Gacemi e Noureddine Benaissa. "Evolutions and threats to land management in the peri-urban area of the city of Sidi Bel Abbes (Algeria) - an analysis based on spatial cadastral data". Geoadria 28, n.º 2 (17 de junho de 2024): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.4145.
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Sidi Bel Abbes, the capital of Mekerra, a city of the interior plain, where agricultural land has experienced urban spillover at the expense of peri-urban land. The accelerated sprawl between 1987 and 2019 is expressed by threats to peri-urban state land, the pressure on agricultural activity on the peripheries of the city, and a relaxation of respect for planning policies at the local level. How can peri-urban land be better protected, and consequently encourage agricul-tural use, without abandoning it? This work analyses the legal nature of the land taken for the benefit of urban construction and characterizes its spread using Landsat multispectral satellite data. Our approach is based on the following question: Does urban sprawl impact the man-agement of land and its legal nature? What is the future of this land in the face of current threats and future planning and urban development orientations? The cartographic analyses with the actual practices of the different social groups in the field have made it possible to evaluate the relationship between agricultural policy, and implementation and to situate the conflicts or threats about urban sprawl. The north of the city of Sidi Bel Abbes (cadastral sec-tion n°3, 324.74 ha), is where 45% of state land is acquired for building purposes. A reorienta-tion of the peri-urban land is currently presented by a new management mode of an individual type, as a means of freezing and/or preserving the land: the creation of hedges and fences, the introduction of arboriculture (olive tree or other). Observations on site made it possible to ex-plain these practices, which are at the origin of these current representations. The crops prac-tice is linked to the profit drawn on compensations, and the plantations are a source of good remuneration.
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Song, Yun, Eunise Chen, Y. Sabrina Chiang, James C. Yao, Daniel M. Halperin, Deyali Chatterjee e Brian D. Badgwell. "Classification of gastric neuroendocrine tumors and associations with survival." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, n.º 3_suppl (20 de janeiro de 2024): 597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.3_suppl.597.
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597 Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of gastric body neuroendocrine tumors (GNETs) includes type 1 tumors characterized by hypergastrinemia and arising in a background of atrophic gastritis, type 2 tumors associated with gastrinomas, and type 3 tumors with low serum gastrin level and no background mucosal pathology. However, certain tumors remain unclassified, and the prognostic significance of these tumors is currently unknown. The purpose of this study was to better characterize GNET types and to determine associations with distant metastasis and disease-specific survival (DSS). Methods: Patients diagnosed with GNET (1986-2021) were retrospectively identified and tumors classified as type 1, 2, or 3. Unclassified tumors were reviewed for background gastric mucosal changes associated with chronic proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use. Tumors were categorized as PPI-associated if there were prominent parietal and neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia in the background mucosa, in the absence of a gastrinoma and a positive history of chronic PPI use. WHO grade was determined using mitotic index or Ki-67 proliferative index when available. Characteristics by tumor type, associations with distant metastasis at initial diagnosis, and DSS were determined using standard statistical methods. Results: Of 246 patients, 164 (66.7%) had type 1, 5 (2.0%) had type 2, 52 (21.1%) had type 3, 18 (7.3%) were PPI-associated, and 7 (2.8%) remained unclassified. Multifocal disease was more common for types 1 (56.1%) and 2 (40.0%) than type 3 (13.5%) and PPI-associated tumors (27.8%, P<0.001). Patients with type 3 GNET were also less likely to have WHO grade 1 tumors (26.9%) compared to other GNETs (type 1 37.2%, type 2 40.0%, PPI-associated 50.0%, P<0.001). Additionally, distant metastases at presentation occurred more frequently with type 3 (38.5%) than type 1 (1.2%), type 2 (20.0%), and PPI-associated tumors (11.1%, P<0.001). GNET type (type 1 vs 3, odds ratio [OR] 0.005 [95% confidence interval [CI] 0.001-0.050; PPI-associated vs type 3, OR 0.040 [95% CI 0.004-0.45]), race (non-white vs white, OR 0.17 [95% CI 0.040-0.73]), and WHO grade (2/3 vs 1, OR 10.5 [95% CI 1.93-57.2]) were associated with distant metastasis at presentation. Five-year DSS rates were 100.0% for type 1, 59.7% (95% CI 42.7-73.2%) for type 3, and 90.9% (95% CI 50.8-98.7%) for PPI-associated (log-rank P<0.001). By multivariable analysis, multifocality of primary tumors (hazard ratio [HR] 0.070 [95% CI 0.010-0.46]) and distant metastasis at diagnosis (HR 44.9, 95% CI 6.21-324.8) were independently associated with DSS, while tumor type was not (type 1 vs 3, HR 0.18 [95% CI 0.010-2.44); PPI-associated vs type 3, HR 0.13 [95% CI 0.010-1.33]). Conclusions: PPI-associated tumors may represent a distinct GNET type with intermediate outcomes compared to type 1 and type 3 tumors. However, factors other than tumor type must be considered in determining survival.
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Tosif, Mansuri M., Aarti Bains, Kandi Sridhar, Baskaran Stephen Inbaraj, Nemat Ali, Praveen Kumar Dikkala, Ankur Kumar, Prince Chawla e Minaxi Sharma. "Fabrication and Characterization of Taro (Colocasia esculenta)-Mucilage-Based Nanohydrogel for Shelf-Life Extension of Fresh-Cut Apples". Gels 10, n.º 2 (25 de janeiro de 2024): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels10020095.
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Taro mucilage is a cost-effective, eco-friendly, and water-soluble edible viscous polysaccharide, which possesses diverse techno-functional properties including gelling and anti-microbial. Therefore, the objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate the efficacy of taro mucilage nanohydrogel for the shelf-life enhancement of fresh-cut apples. Taro mucilage was extracted using cold water extraction, and the yield of mucilage was found to be 2.95 ± 0.35% on a dry basis. Different concentrations of mucilage (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5%) were used to formulate the nanohydrogel. A smaller droplet size of 175.61 ± 0.92 nm was observed at 3% mucilage, with a zeta potential of −30.25 ± 0.94 mV. Moreover, FTIR data of nanohydrogel revealed the functional groups of various sugars, uronic acids, and proteins. Thermal analysis of nanohydrogel exhibited weight loss in three phases, and maximum weight loss occurred from 110.25 °C to 324.27 °C (65.16%). Nanohydrogel showed shear-thinning fluid or pseudo-plastic behavior. Coating treatment of nanohydrogel significantly reduced the weight loss of fresh-cut apples (8.72 ± 0.46%) as compared to the control sample (12.25 ± 0.78%) on the 10th day. In addition, minor changes were observed in the pH for both samples during the 10 days of storage. Titrable acidity of control fresh-cut apples measured 0.22 ± 0.05% on day 0, rising to 0.42 ± 0.03% on the 10th day, and for coated fresh-cut apples, it was observed to be 0.24 ± 0.07% on the 0th day and 0.36 ± 0.06% on 10th day, respectively. Furthermore, the total soluble solids (TSS) content of both control and coated fresh-cut apples measured on the 0th day was 11.85 ± 0.65% and 12.33 ± 0.92%, respectively. On the 10th day, these values were significantly increased (p < 0.05) to 16.38 ± 0.42% for the control and 14.26 ± 0.39% for the coated sliced apples, respectively. Nanohydrogel-coated fresh-cut apples retained antioxidant activity and vitamin C content as compared to the control sample. Taro mucilage nanohydrogel-based edible coating showed distinct anti-microbial activity against psychrotrophic, aerobic, and yeast molds. In summary, taro mucilage nanohydrogel can be used as a cost-effective natural coating material for the shelf-life enhancement or freshness maintenance of fresh-cut apples.
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Silvero, Melina, Francisco Crespo, Maria del Mar Serra Pesquer, Elisa Perez Bayo, Igor Fernández Peñarrubia, Alejandro Palladino, Rodolfo Fattore e Rafael A. Palladino. "PSIX-8 Supplementing a Natural Citrus Flavonoid Extract (Bioflavex) to Finishing Cattle". Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (21 de setembro de 2022): 372–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.681.
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Abstract Finishing cattle are exposed to diets with high amounts of starch and consequently to hindgut acidosis. Usually, antibiotics like ionophores are used to control dysbiosis at gut level. However, natural options are being evaluated as healthy alternatives. Flavonoids are well known as antibacterial agent, being an interesting alternative to antibiotics. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the performance of finishing steers supplemented with monensin compared with citrus flavonoid extract (Bioflavex). Steers (n = 48; 214.3 kg live weight; LW) were assigned to two treatments: Monensin (MON; 30 g/tn DM) and flavonoids extract (FLAV; Bioflavex, Spain; 400 g/tn DM). Animals were allocated in 6 groups (3 pens/treatment; 8 animals/pen). Pen was considered as the experimental unit. Transition diet was offered from d 1 to 21 (CP 18% , starch 40.6%) whilst finishing diet from d 21 to 86; (CP 10.6%, starch 47.8%). The LW was registered at 0, 21 and 86 d. The DMI was estimated by difference between offered and refusals. Ruminal and feces pH were recorded (rumen liquor samples were obtained by ruminocentesis). Data were analyzed by proc mixed (treatment and time as fixed effects; pen as random). Differences were stated when P< 0.05. Only DMI was different between treatments, being FLAV greater than MON (6.68 kg/d vs 6.45 kg/d for FLAV and MON respectively; P< 0.05). No differences were found in terms of daily gain (1.355 kg/d vs 1.294 kg/d for FLAV and MON respectively; P >0.05), final weight (FLAV 331.6 kg vs MON 324.8 kg; P >0.05), neither conversion (4.95 kg/kg vs 4.98 kg/kg for FLAV and MON respectively; P >0.05). Rumen and feces pH did not differ across treatments (P >0.05). According to our results, a citrus flavonoid extract showed a similar performance comparing to monensin, being a potential alternative to antibiotics.
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Bislenghi, G., B. Verstockt, J. Sabino, C. Caenepeel, S. Verstockt, A. Wolthuis, M. Ferrante, A. D’Hoore e S. Vermeire. "P061 The molecular landscape of perianal fistula in Crohn’s disease: opportunities for new therapeutic approaches". Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (janeiro de 2020): S165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.190.
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Abstract Background Perianal Crohn’s disease (CD) is a debilitating condition, often refractory to medical therapy and requiring repetitive surgical interventions. Nonetheless, its pathophysiology is very poorly understood. Hence, we molecularly characterised the fistula tract and compared it to the molecular landscape of its inner rectal orifice. Methods We collected paired surgical biopsies from the fistula tract and the inner rectal fistula orifice in 29 CD patients with draining perianal fistula, requiring surgical examination under anaesthesia. RNA was extracted and single-end RNA sequencing performed using Illumina HiSeq4000. Sequencing data were analysed through differential gene expression (DESeq2) and corrected for the presence of proctitis. A false discovery rate of 0.001 was considered significant. In addition, cellular deconvolution methods (CIBERSORT) were applied to study the cellular composition of the fistula tract. Results Differential gene expression revealed 2701 transcripts being differentially expressed (1727 up, 974 down in fistula) between the fistula tract and the paired rectal mucosa. The top upregulated gene, LBP (fold change [FC]=2858.8, p = 3.6E−13), highlights the potential contribution of the microbiome. LBP has a central role in the innate immune system by binding to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and facilitating the affinity between LPS and CD14, with the subsequent release of various cytokines. Several extracellular matrix proteins could be identified within the top 25 of upregulated genes, including MMP13 (FC = 358.8, p = 1.3E−11), ADAM12 (FC = 175.6, p = 1.4E−12), COL1A1 (FC = 77.1, p = 2.7E−10) and COL5A3 (FC = 32.1, p = 1.7E−12), emphasising the intense tissue remodelling going on in the fistula tract. Despite correcting for the confounding effect of proctitis, the fistula tract expressed higher levels of IL6 (FC = 133.1, p = 3.7E−9), TNF(FC = 14.2, p = 4.8E−5), OSM (FC = 24.3, p = 8.9E−5), IL12p40 (FC = 10.0, p = 8.1E−3), integrin α 4 (FC = 4.5, p = 9.3E−3), integrin β 7(FC = 3.8, p = 4.1E−3) but not IL23p19 (FC = 1.2, p = 0.9). Top downregulated genes were linked to the intestinal epithelium, including KRT19 (FC = −489.1, p = 5.5E−17), KRT8 (FC = −324.0, p = 1.1E−16), CEACAM6 (FC=−515.1, p = 4.5E−16) and MUC2 (FC=−795.4, p = 3.0E−15). Cellular deconvolution identified CD4 memory resting T cells (18.5%), M0 macrophages (17%), M2 macrophages (15.2%), neutrophils (9.2%) and plasma cells (7.5%) as the most abundant cells within the fistula tract. Conclusion We molecularly characterised the fistula tract in perianal CD and identified clear biological differences in comparison to the luminal tract, highlighting the potential of new therapeutic targets and cell types driving this debilitating condition.