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Žiak, Peter, Juraj Halička, Karolína Kapitánová e Peter Mojžíš. "The Effect of Botulinum TOxin Application if Neuro-Ophthalmological Indications on the Results of Schirmer’s Test and Tear Osmolarity". Czech and Slovak Ophthalmology 75, n.º 2 (10 de março de 2019): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31348/2019/2/3.
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Botulinum toxin type A (BT-A) is used in the treatment of neuroophthalmologic disorders such as essential blepharospasm and facial hemispasm for more than 20 years. Although the long-term effect of repeated application of the BT-A was confirmed, the BT-A effect on tears production and retention is not clear. In our work we investigated whether applied BT-A in patients with blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm affect tears production. Tears quality was measured with Schirmer’s and tear osmolarity test during neuro-ophthalmologic diseases treatment, which was evaluated before and 14 days after application of BT-A (Botox inj, Allergan, Irvine, USA) into the orbicularis oculi muscle. BT-A doses of 16-18 U with unilateral and 32 to 36 U bilateral applications were used. The mean tear production in Schirmer’s test before BT-A application was 8.38 ± 0.63 mm, and 2 weeks after BT-A application was 7.12 ± 0,6 mm (n = 50). Tear osmolarity was 305.4 ± 9.2 mOsm before BT-A application, and 2 weeks after BT-A application it was 305.2 ± 8,6 mOsm (n = 13). We found significant difference between two groups in tear quantity (p < 0.012), but not quality (p > 0.05). Application of the BT-A reduced the amount of tears measured by Schirmer’s test. These results confirm rational basis of the empirical clinical experience where an artificial tears substitution is recommended for patients with neuro-ophthalmologic disorders treated by BT-A.
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Henao Castañeda, Isabel C., Jaime A. Pereañez e Lina M. Preciado. "Synthetic Inhibitors of Snake Venom Enzymes: Thioesters Derived from 2-Sulfenyl Ethylacetate". Pharmaceuticals 12, n.º 2 (23 de maio de 2019): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph12020080.
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Snakebite envenomings are a global public health issue. The therapy based on the administration of animal-derived antivenoms has limited efficacy against the venom-induced local tissue damage, which often leads to permanent disability. Therefore, there is a need to find inhibitors against toxins responsible for local damage. This work aimed to synthesize thioesters derived from 2-sulfenyl ethylacetate and to evaluate the inhibitory effects on two snake venom toxins. Ethyl 2-((4-chlorobenzoyl)thio)acetate (I), Ethyl 2-((3-nitrobenzoyl)thio)acetate (II) and Ethyl 2-((4-nitrobenzoyl)thio)acetate (III) were synthesized and spectroscopically characterized. Computational calculations were performed to support the study. The inhibitory capacity of compounds (I–III) was evaluated on a phospholipase A2 (Cdcum6) isolated from the venom of the Colombian rattlesnake Crotalus durissus cumanensis and the P-I type metalloproteinase Batx-I isolated from Bothrops atrox. I–III inhibited PLA2 with IC50 values of 193.2, 305.4 and 132.7 µM, respectively. Otherwise, compounds II and III inhibited the proteolytic activity of Batx-I with IC50 of 2774 and 1879 µM. Molecular docking studies show that inhibition of PLA2 may be due to interactions of the studied compounds with amino acids in the catalytic site and the cofactor Ca2+. Probably, a blockage of the hydrophobic channel and some amino acids of the interfacial binding surface of PLA2 may occur.
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Liu, Xiao Zhen, Jun Hua Yang, Gang Wang, Ling Ling Song e Ge Shi Zhuang. "Effect of Preparation Conditions on the Performance of Anodic Aluminum Oxide Films". Applied Mechanics and Materials 164 (abril de 2012): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.164.223.
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Neodymium salt was used as additives in preparing anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) films to improve its performance. AAO films were prepared by anodization method from a 15 vol. % sulphuric acid solution containing neodymium salt. The effects of anodization voltage, anodization temperature and anodization time on microhardness and thickness of AAO films were researched, respectively. The thickness of AAO film increases with the increase of anodization voltage, the microhardness of AAO film decreases with the increase of anodization voltage in 19 V～23 V. The thickness of AAO film increases with the increase of anodization temperature, the microhardness of AAO film decreases with the increase of anodization temperature in 11 °C～19°C. The thickness of AAO film increases with the increase of anodization time, the microhardness of AAO film decreases with the increase of anodization time in 30 min～3 h. When the anodizing parameters: anodization voltage: 22 V, temperature: 15°C, anodization time: 2 h, the thickness and microhardness of AAO film is as high as 135μm and 305.4 HV.
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Sumaryadi, Mas Yedi, Dadang Mulyadi Saleh, Aras Prasetiyo Nugroho, Nu'man Hidayat e Chomsiatun Nurul Hidayah. "Oxytocin Hormone Induction on Milk Production in Relation to Dairy Kid Performance". ANIMAL PRODUCTION 21, n.º 3 (25 de março de 2020): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2019.21.3.747.
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The application of oxytocin induction to milk production in relation to the performance of kids in dairy goats had been carried out in the "PEGUMAS" dairy goat farmer group Gumelar District, Banyumas. This activity aimed to increase milk production and kid performance through the induction of the hormone oxytocin in dairy goats. The approach method was designed in two stages: the first stage carried out the socialization activities and demonstration of techniques for applying IPTEKS, and the second stage applied hormonal technology in the form of oxytocin hormone induction in dairy goats. The material used was dairy goat parity I aged 1.5 - 2 years allocated into 2 groups of 10 individuals each. Group I was dairy goat experiment not induced with the oxytocin hormone as the control. Group II was dairy goat experiment induced with the oxytocin hormone at a dose of 1 ml (10 IU) intramuscularly before milking. Milk production was measured morning and evening as daily milk production in milliliters (ml). Milk was given to the kid of each parent. The kid's performance was measured based on the daily weight gain of the kid during the study. Overall, the application of science and technology could be adopted by farmers, and oxytocin-induced dairy goat milk production (503.2 ml) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than control (305.4 ml) with an increase of 64.77%, with a positive level of correlation (r = 0.45) and contributed 19.83% to the kids daily body weight gain.
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Abbasi, S., e A. Honaramooz. "305 OPTIMIZING DONOR AND RECIPIENT FACTORS IN XENOGRAFTING OF TESTIS TISSUE". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, n.º 1 (2010): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv22n1ab305.
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Grafting of donor mammalian testis tissue into recipient mice allows completion of spermatogenesis in the grafted tissue and therefore can serve as a new option for preservation of male germ line. For testis tissue xenografting, castrated male nude mice typically serve as recipients, each receiving 8 testis tissue fragments; however, no study has comprehensively investigated donor and recipient factors. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of strain of immunodeficient recipient mouse (nude v. SCID), gonadal status (intact v. gonadectomized), and gender (male v. female) on the outcome of testis tissue xenografting. A secondary objective was to determine the optimal number of testis tissue fragments per mouse most suitable for xenografting. Testis parenchyma from newborn piglets were cut into small fragments (5 mg each) and grafted under the back skin of different groups of immunodeficient mice. In Experiment 1, 8 groups of mice (n = 7/group) served as recipients: castrated male nude, intact male nude, ovariectomized female nude, intact female nude, castrated male SCID, intact male SCID, ovariectomized female SCID, and intact female SCID. In Experiment 2, 4 groups of mice (n = 10/group) served as recipients of 2, 4, 8, or 16 testis tissue fragments per mouse. Recipient mice were sacrificed 8 months after grafting and the weight of the grafts and vesicular glands (male mice) were compared among groups by analysis of variance. In Experiment 1, mouse gonadal status (intact v. gonadectomized) did not affect the total graft weight (P > 0.05), but both the recipient mouse strain (nude v. SCID) and gender (male v. female) affected the total graft weight (2460 ± 320.9, 1420 ± 290.0, 758 ± 156.7, and 2780 ± 297.4, mean ± SEM, P < 0.0001 for SCID, nude, female, and male mice, respectively). In Experiment 2, the total graft weight was highest in the group of mice receiving 8 testis tissue fragments (192 ± 76.1, 695 ± 96.5, 2443 ± 338.8, and 1458 ± 305.4, mean ± SEM, P < 0.0001 for 2, 4, 8, or 16 fragment groups, respectively). These results collectively indicate that male SCID mice receiving 8 testis tissue fragments provide optimized conditions for the recovery of largest grafts. Research was supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Saskatchewan Health Research Foundation (SHRF) to A. Honaramooz and scholarships from the Western College of Veterinary Medicine and the International Peace Scholarship to S. Abbasi.
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Li, Xue, Yin Zhang, Hongping Li, Jing Ding, Hui Wan e Guofeng Guan. "Synthesis of asymmetric [bis(imidazolyl)-BH2]+-cation-based ionic liquids as potential rocket fuels". RSC Advances 11, n.º 60 (2021): 38040–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra07149a.
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Asymmetric [bis(imidazolyl)-BH2]+-cation-based hypergolic ionic liquids are successfully synthesized, which possess a high density-specific impulse ranging from 305.4 to 357.8 s g cm−3, that make them promising candidates for rocket propellants.
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Oliveira, Eliene Reis de, e Margarita Anto nia Villar Luis. "Distúrbios psiquiátricos relacionados ao álcool associados a diagnósticos de clínica médica e/ou intervenções cirúrgicas, atendidos num hospital geral". Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 5, spe (maio de 1997): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11691997000500007.
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Através de um inquérito epidemiológico, buscou-se detectar as co-morbidades dos diagnósticos psiquiátricos relacionados ao álcool. Para tanto, investigou-se os atendimentos num Hospital de Urgências Médicas no Setor de Psiquiatria, no período de 1988 a 1991, tendo por objetivo identificar quais as doenças clínicas e outros incidentes que acometem a população referida. Fizeram parte do levantamento os diagnóstico relacionados ao álcool, conforme CID 9 (291; 303 e 305.0) e os associados não pertencentes à psiquiatria. Evidenciou-se no período, 1835 casos com diagnósticos relacionados ao álcool e destes 487 (26.5%) se referiram aos grupos 291-303-305.0, associados à outros não psiquiátricos. Desse total a maior frequência de casos ocorreu nos grupos 340-349 (Outros transtornos do SNC) e 800-859 (Lesões e complicações traumáticas) com 80 (16.4%) atendimentos, respectivamente. Observando-se os dados por ano, constata-se que dos diagnósticos relacionados ao álcool (com diagnósticos clínicos associados) o 303 (Síndrome de Dependência Alcoólica) foi o que teve maior número de atendimento com 326 (67%) casos, seguido de 291 (Psicose Alcoólica) com 117 (24%) e 305.0 (Álcool) com 44 (9%). No período, tanto o diagnóstico psiquiátrico 303 como o 291, apareceram mais frequentemente associados ao grupo de diagnóstico clínicos 340-349, com 55 (11.2%) e 12 (2.4%) casos, respectivamente e o 305.0 teve o grupo 800-859 com 10 (2%) casos, como o mais frequente.
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Gómez-Amo, J. L., V. Estellés, A. di Sarra, R. Pedrós, M. P. Utrillas, J. A. Martínez- Lozano, C. González-Frias, E. Kyrö e J. M. Vilaplana. "Operational considerations to improve total ozone measurements with a Microtops II ozone monitor". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 5, n.º 4 (19 de abril de 2012): 759–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-5-759-2012.
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Abstract. A Microtops II "ozone monitor" with UV channels centered at 305.5, 312.5, and 320 nm has been used routinely in six experimental campaigns carried out in several geographic locations and seasons, covering latitudes from 35 to 68° N during the last ten years (2001–2011). The total ozone content is retrieved by Microtops II by using different combinations (Channel I, 305.5/312.5 nm; Channel II, 312.5/320 nm; and Channel III, 305.5/312.5/320 nm) of the signals at the three ultraviolet wavelengths. The long-term performance of the total ozone content determination has been studied taking into account the sensitivities to the calibration, airmass, temperature and aerosols. When a calibration was used and the airmass limit was fixed to 3, the root mean square deviations of the relative differences produced by Microtops II with respect to several Brewers are 0.9, 2, and 2% respectively for the Channel I, Channel II, and Channel III retrieval. The performance of the Microtops retrieval has been stable during the last ten years. Channel I represents the best option to determine the instantaneous total ozone content. Channels II and III values appear weakly sensitive to temperature, ozone content, and aerosols. Channel II is more stable than Channel I for airmasses larger than 2.6. The conclusions do not show any dependence on latitude and season.
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Kuznetsova, N. А. "Plankton in the Gulf of Alaska and its contribution to feeding of pacific salmons in spring of 2020". Izvestiya TINRO 204, n.º 1 (11 de abril de 2024): 160–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2024-204-160-182.
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Results of the plankton survey conducted in the Gulf of Alaska, including EEZ of Canada, aboard RV Pacific Legacy No. 1 in March-April of 2020 are presented. The samples of plankton were collected in regular grid of stations and processed according to the methodologies adopted in TINRO. The mean total biomass of zooplankton was estimated as 301.9 mg/m3 , of phytoplankton — as 41.9 mg/m3 . The large-sized fraction of zooplankton dominated (on average 214.6 mg/m3 , or 71 % of the total biomass), the portions of the smalland medium-sized fractions were 16 % and 13 %, respectively. Because of spring blooming development, both phyto- and zooplankton biomasses were increased southward from 3.2 and 188.3 mg/m3 in the northern area of the gulf to 87.9–34.6 and 305.4–397.7 mg/m3 in its central and southern areas, on average. The biomass of small- and medium-sized fractions (presented by copepods Pseudocalanus, Oithona similis, eggs and nauplii of copepods, copepodites, juvenile pteropods, hyperiids and euphausiids, and larvae of siphonophore) had slightly increased in the southern area to 50–60 and 35–38 mg/m3 , respectively, whereas the biomass of largesized fraction presented mainly by copepods (49 %) and arrowworms (36 %) had increased from 118.9 mg/m3 in the north to 293.6 mg/m3 in the south. Boreal species, as Neocalanus cristatus, N. plumchrus/N. flemingeri, Eucalanus bungii, and Metridia pacifica dominated in the zooplankton biomass.The total stock of zooplankton in the Gulf of Alaska in March-April of 2020 was amounted in 39798 . 103 t that was higher than in February-March of 2019 (25517 . 103 t), obviously because of the spring bloom beginning. Correspondingly, distribution density of phyto- and zooplankton was 8.5 and 61.4 t/km2 in March-April of 2020 against 1.0 and 36.6 t/km2 in February-March of 2019. The largest increasing was noted for the small-sized fraction (in 2 times, to 9.7 t/km2 ) and medium-sized fraction (in 4 times, to 8.0 t/km2 ), whereas the increasing for large-sized animals was moderate — from 31.0 t/km2 in 2019 to 43.6 t/km2 in 2020, and the density of euphausiids did not increase (0.8 t/km2 in both years for Euphasia pacifica). The total stock of large-sized fraction had increased from 21650 . 103 t in 2019 to 28920 . 103 t in 2020.The diet of pacific salmon corresponded with the species composition and biomass of the large-sized fraction of zooplankton, with predominance of euphausiids, pteropods, jellyfish, hyperiids, and oikopleura. The main consumers were the most abundant fish groups, as chum salmon with size of 35–60 cm and coho salmon of 30–50 cm found mainly in the central and southern areas of the gulf. E. pacifica were the favorite prey for all salmon species (67–80 % of food weight), except coho salmon — this species preferred squids (77.6 %). Monthly grazing of zooplankton by salmons in the Gulf of Alaska is estimated as 30.175 . 103 tons that is an insignificant portion of its large-sized fraction stock, so the feeding conditions during the survey are considered as favorable for pacific salmons. However, the consumption is possibly underestimated because of low biomass of consumers in the winter-spring season. Spatial and temporal variations of fish aggregations driven by variability of water temperature and other abiotic factors should be accounted for adequate evaluation of the feeding conditions.
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Utzolino, Anne, e Karsten Bluhm. "Synthese und röntgenographische Charakterisierung von zwei neuen Verbindungen des Ludwigit-Strukturtyps: Co5Sn(BO3)2O4 und Co5Mn(BO3 )2O4/Synthesis and X -Ray Characterization of Two New Compounds with Ludwigite-Structure: Co5Sn(BO3)2O4 and Co5Mn(BO3)2O4". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 51, n.º 3 (1 de março de 1996): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1996-0301.
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Abstract The compounds Co5Sn(BO3)2O4 (I) and Co5Mn(BO3)2O4 (II) were prepared by using a B2O3 flux technique. Single crystals were investigated by X-ray diffraction and showed orthorhombic symmetry, space group D2h9-Pbam (No. 55), I a = 944.4; b = 1233.8; c = 310.5 pm; Z = 2 and II a = 925.07; b = 1241.67; c = 305.24 pm; Z = 2. Both compounds are isotypic to the mineral Ludwigite. All metal point positions show an octahedral oxygen coordination. Co2+ and M4+ (M = Sn or Mn) occupy one point position statistically. Both structures contain isolated, trigonal planar BO3 units and oxygen atoms that are not coordinated to boron.
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ESPITIA P., AMADO, DONICER MONTES V., ESPERANZA PRIETO M. e EDILBERTO CERVANTES A. "Characterization of productive parameters - reproductive of buffalo cattle, in an estate of San Marcos Sucre, Colombia". Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal - RECIA 6, n.º 1 (3 de janeiro de 2014): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.24188/recia.v6.n1.2014.241.
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Objective. To describe and technically characterize a cattle farm buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), administered under the dual purpose system at Mosquito farm, in the municipality of San Marcos, Sucre Colombia. Materials and methods. Data concerning the productive and the reproductive registers was gathered from January 2008 to December 2010 a descriptive study was carried out through the SSPS. Results. The production of milk per lactation was= 1223 liter, weigh capacity was approximately = 0.66 UGM / ha, age at first mating season = 21 ± 2 months, calving interval = 371.6 ± 13.2 days, age at first birth 31.8 ± 1.2 months, 85% pregnancy rate, gestation length = 305.7 ± 2.4 day, open period 44.2 ± 4.8 days and 82% fertility. Conclusions. The values found were compared with other bufaleras parameters, which were acceptable, highlighting the short period of establishment of the farm.
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Gholamrezaei, Sousan, Masoud Salavati-Niasari, Hassan Hadadzadeh e Mohammad Taghi Behnamfar. "Thermal Treatment Method for Synthesis and Characterization of the Octahedral Magnetic Nanostructures of Co3O4 from a New Precursor". High Temperature Materials and Processes 35, n.º 7 (1 de agosto de 2016): 723–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2015-0078.
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AbstractMagnetic Co3O4nanostructures were synthesized via a facile thermal treatment method at 700°C by usingtrans-Na[Co(HMTA)2(NO2)4].H2O as a new precursor. In synthetic process Co-complex was prepared by the reaction of Na3[Co(NO2)6] and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA). Results show that the target Co-complex was synthesized successfully and provides good conditions for preparation of magnetic nanostructures in a facile and surfactant-free method to prepare the octahedral nanostructures. Precursors and nanostructures were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–visible, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and alternating gradient force magnetometer (AGFM). It is found that the Co3O4nanostructures exhibit a ferromagnetic behavior with a saturation magnetization of 8.69 emu/g and a coercivity of 305.3 Oe at room temperature.
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Barrientos-Priego, Alejandro F., Michal W. Borys, Carlos Trejo e Luis López-López. "ÍNDICE Y DENSIDAD ESTOMÁTICA FOLIAR EN PLÁNTULAS DE TRES RAZAS DE AGUACATERO". Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana 26, n.º 4 (5 de agosto de 2022): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2003.4.285.
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Se estudió la densidad estomática, densidad de células epidérmicas e índice estomático, en las primeras once hojas maduras de plántulas de aguacatero. Se utilizaron plántulas de las tres razas de aguacatero (Antillana, Guatemalteca y Mexicana). Se encontró que en las primeras hojas (hasta la séptima), las plántulas de la raza Antillana tuvieron menor densidad de estomas, la raza Mexicana mostró la mayor densidad estomática y la raza Guatemalteca fue intermedia. En la hoja 11 se detectó la mayor densidad estomática en las tres razas; la raza Mexicana tuvo 419.3 estomas/mm-2, seguida de la raza Antillana con (360.6 estomas/mm-2) y de la raza Guatemalteca con 305.9 estomas/mm-2. En las primeras hojas la densidad de células epidérmicas fue mayor en la raza Guatemalteca, seguida por las razas Mexicana y Antillana, y a partir de la octava hoja fue similar en las tres razas, con una tendencia a incrementarse. El índice estomático presentó baja variación en las diferentes posiciones en el tallo, pero con diferencias entre las tres razas con el siguiente orden: Mexicana>Antillana>Guatemalteca.
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Özen, Özge, Aysun Ankay Yilbaş e Meral Kanbak. "Incidence of perioperative complications in COVID-19 survivors: Prospective observational clinical trial". Medicine 103, n.º 20 (17 de maio de 2024): e38246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038246.
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Background: As long as the COVID-19 pandemic continued, the continuation of elective surgery had been unavoidable. There is still no consensus on the timing of elective surgery in patients who have recovered from COVID-19. The primary aim of this study was to determine the effect of time after COVID-19 infection on perioperative complications. Methods: This prospective observational single center included adult patients who had recovered from COVID-19 and underwent surgery between February and July 2021. Data were prospectively collected from the patient and hospital database, the preoperative evaluation form and the perioperative anesthesia forms. Results: A total of 167 patients were included in our study. Preoperative COVID-19 RT-PCR test results were negative in all patients. The mean time of positive COVID-19 diagnosis was 151.0 ± 74.0 days before the day of surgery. Intraoperative general and airway complications occurred in 33 (19.8%) and 17 (10.2%) patients, respectively. Although the time from COVID-19 positivity to surgery was shorter in patients with intraoperative general and airway complications, the difference between the groups did not reach statistical significance (P = .241 and P = .133, respectively). The median time from COVID-19 positivity to surgery in patients with and without postoperative complications was 156.0 (min: 27.0–max: 305.0) and 148.5 (min: 14.0–max: 164.0) days, respectively (P = .757). In patients with and without oxygen support in the postoperative period, the median time from COVID-19 positivity to surgery was 98.0 (min: 27.0–max: 305.0) and 154.0 (min: 14.0–max: 364.0) days, respectively. In patients who received oxygen support in the postoperative period, the time from COVID-19 positivity to surgery was shorter and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P = .014). Conclusions: The incidence of perioperative complications decreased with increasing time after a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection, but there was no difference in perioperative complications between the groups. As the time between COVID-19 positivity and surgery increased, the need for oxygen support in the postoperative period decreased. It is not possible to share clear data on the timing of operation after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Shakhvorostov, Alexey, e Sarkyt Kudaibergenov. "Molecular imprinting of bovine serum albumin and lysozyme within the matrix of polyampholyte hydrogels based on acrylamide, sodium salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid and (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethyl ammonium chloride". Chemical Bulletin of Kazakh National University, n.º 1 (19 de março de 2021): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15328/cb1182.
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Molecularly-imprinted polyampholyte (MIP) hydrogels based on nonionic monomer – acrylamide (AAm), anionic monomer – sodium salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and cationic monomer – (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethyl ammonium chloride (APTAC) were obtained by immobilization of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme in situ polymerization conditions. It was found that the best amphoteric hydrogel for sorption of BSA is APTAC-75H while for sorption of lysozyme is AMPS-75H. The sorption capacity of APTAC-75H and AMPS-75H with respect to BSA and lysozyme is 305.7 and 64.1-74.8 mg per 1 g of hydrogel respectively. Desorption of BSA and lysozyme from MIP template performed by aqueous solution of 1M NaCl is equal to 82-88%. Separation of BSA and lysozyme from their mixture was performed on MIP templates. The results of adsorption-desorption cycles of BSA on adjusted to BSA polyampholyte hydrogel APTAC-75H and of lysozyme on adjusted to lysozyme polyampholyte hydrogel AMPS-75H show that the mixture of BSA and lysozyme can be selectively separated with the help of MIP hydrogels.
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Ozan, G., S. Erten, S. C. Güven, A. Kor, F. Eren, P. Akyüz Dağli, Y. Maraş et al. "AB0284 EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERUM NETRIN-1 LEVEL AND PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (30 de maio de 2023): 1322.3–1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.6270.
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BackgroundAlthough many predictors have been proposed to predict rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity, most of these markers are not specific to RA and their levels can be affected by many other factors. The need for ideal markers to predict disease activity in RA continues. The association of netrin-1 with RA disease activity has not been evaluated before.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the plasma levels of the netrin-1 molecule in RA patients and its relationship with RA disease activity.MethodsSixty RA patients and 41 age and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included in this study. An ELISA kit (Elabscience, Texas, USA; catalog number: E-EL-H2328; lot number: GZWTKZ5SWK) analyzed by quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay method was used to calculate netrin-1 values. Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS-28) and Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) were calculated to measure disease activity, and Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Impact (RAID) score was calculated to measure disease-related deterioration in the quality of life.ResultsNetrin-1 serum levels were similar in RA and healthy controls (respectively, 64.4 [35.8-551.4] and 65 [35.8-436.6], p:786). No significant correlation was found between levels of Netrin-1 and DAS-28-CRP, DAS-28-ESR, CDAI, and RAID scores (p>0.05).ConclusionNetrin-1 is not elevated in RA patient serum and its levels are not correlated with RA disease activation scores.References[1] Min HK, Kim KW, Lee SH, Kim HR. Roles of mast cells in rheumatoid arthritis. Korean J Intern Med 2020;35:12-24.[2] da Mota LMH, dos Santos Neto LL, de Carvalho JF.. Autoantibodies and other serological markers in rheumatoid arthritis: predictors of disease activity?. Clin Rheumatol 2009;28:1127-1134.[3] Bradford D, Faull RL, Curtis MA, Cooper HM. Characterization of the netrin/RGMa receptor neogenin in neurogenic regions of the mouse and human adult forebrain. J Comp Neurol 2010;518:3237-3253.[4] Schubert T, Denk A, Mägdefrau U, et al. Role of the netrin system of repellent factors on synovial fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2009;22:715-722.[5] Maraş Y, Kor A, Oğuz EF, Sari A, Gök K, Akdoğan A. Serum netrin-1 levels in systemic sclerosis patients with capillary abnormalities. Egypt. Rheumatol 2023;45:51-54.Table 1.The relationship between disease activity, treatment status, and serum Netrin-1 levelsNetrin-1 level, pg/mL, median (min-max)DAS28 disease activitypControl (n=41)Remission(n=35)Low(n=11)Moderate(n=11)High(n=3)65 (35.8-436.6)67.7 (38.1 – 551.4)61.2 (35.9 – 305.6)60.8 (36.2 – 133.5)70.6 (52.3 – 187.1)0.809CDAI disease activitypControl(n=41)Remission(n=17)Low(n=24)Moderate(n=14)High(n=5)65 (35.8-436.6)54.1 (38.1 – 501.9)87.5 (35.9 – 551.4)58.4 (41.6 – 133.5)73.1 (41.8– 187.1)0.240Treatment statuspTreatment naïve(n=5)cDMARD alone(n=43)bDMARD with or without cDMARD(n=12)70.6 (46.9 – 501.9)57.3 (35.9 – 551.4)71.3 (41.8 – 273.4)0.735DAS28: Disease Activity Score 28, CDAI: Clinical Disease Activity Index, cDMARD: conventional disease-modifying rheumatic drug, bDMARD: biologic disease-modifying rheumatic drug, tsDMARD: target specific disease- modifying rheumatic drugTable 2.Netrin-1 levels in RA patients according to clinical characteristicsnNetrin-1, pg/mL, median (min-max)pGenderFemale4271.8 (35.9-501.9)0.302Male1855.0 (36.3-551.4)SeropositivitySeropositive4464.4 (35.9-551.4)0.757Seronegative1665.5 (38.1-273.4)RF positivityAbsent3161.1 (35.8-551.4)0.819Present2967.6 (32.3-501.9)Anti-CCP positivity, nAbsent4570.5 (35.8-551.4)0.453Present1557.3 (36.3-305.6)Interstitial lung disease, nAbsent5661.0 (35.9-501.9)0.083Present4284.4 (41.8-551.4)Lung nodulesAbsent5561.2 (35.9-551.4)0.402Present575.3 (41.8-295.4)Hand deformityAbsent2160.1 (35.8-305.6)0.361Present3770.5 (38.5-551.3)RA: rheumatoid disease, RF: rheumatoid factor; anti-CCP: anti-citrullinated peptideAcknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Toussia-Cohen, Shlomi, Omer Nir, Ravit Peretz-Machluf, Shiran Bookstein-Peretz, Omri Segal, Keren Asraf, Ram Doolman, Gili Regev-Yochay e Yoav Yinon. "Maternal and Neonatal Immune Responses Following COVID-19 Infection and Vaccinations in Pregnancy". Vaccines 10, n.º 12 (26 de novembro de 2022): 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10122019.
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The objective of the study was to compare the maternal and neonatal humoral immune responses among different groups of women, namely those vaccinated by the BNT162b2 vaccine, not vaccinated, and COVID-19-recovered parturient women at the time of delivery. This is a prospective cohort study of pregnant women, divided into four groups: Group A “Recovered”—recovered and not vaccinated. Group B “Second Vaccination”—first and second doses only. Group C “Third Vaccination”—third dose. Group D “No Third Vaccination”—women eligible for the third dose of the vaccine but did not receive it. Maternal and umbilical cord blood were sampled and tested for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies on admittance to labor and immediately postpartum, respectively. Maternal serum SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were significantly higher among Group C compared to Group B (741.6 (514.5–1069) vs. 333.5 (327–340.2), respectively). Both groups had higher antibody levels compared to Groups A and D (113.5 (61.62–209.1) and 57.99 (32.93–102.1), respectively). Similarly, umbilical cord blood SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were also highest among Group C compared to the other three groups (1269 (953.4–1690) vs. Group B, 322.6 (305.6–340.5), Group A, 109 (49.01–242.6), and Group D, 103.9 (48.59–222), respectively). In conclusion, pregnant women who were fully vaccinated with three dosages before delivery generated the highest levels of maternal and neonatal SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies.
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Wątek, Marzena, Ewelina Piktel, Joanna Barankiewicz, Ewa Sierlecka, Sylwia Kościołek-Zgódka, Anna Chabowska, Łukasz Suprewicz et al. "Decreased Activity of Blood Acid Sphingomyelinase in the Course of Multiple Myeloma". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, n.º 23 (30 de novembro de 2019): 6048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236048.
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Acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) is involved in the generation of metabolites that function as part of the sphingolipid signaling pathway. It catalyzes the breakdown of sphingomyelin into ceramide, a bioactive lipid that, among other roles, is involved in regulation of apoptosis. Dry drop blood test (DBS) and colorimetric 2-step enzymatic assay were used to assess the activity of human blood aSMase, beta-galactosidase, and beta-glucosidase, these enzymes are lysosomal hydrolases that catalyze the degradation of related sphingolipids, of sphingolipid signaling molecules. Blood was collected from a group of healthy volunteers and patients that were diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM) in various stages of the disease. Additionally, activity of those enzymes in patients diagnosed with other hematological cancers was also assessed. We found that aSMase activity in the blood of patients with MM (at the time of diagnosis) was 305.43 pmol/spot*20 h, and this value was significantly lower (p < 0.030) compared to the healthy group 441.88 pmol/spot*20 h. Our collected data suggest a possible role of aSMase in pathogenesis of MM development.
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Qi, Xin, Kun Li, Lei Chen, Yue Zhang, Nailou Zhang, Wei Gao, Yuedong Li, Xingzhong Liu e Zhijin Fan. "Plant Defense Responses to a Novel Plant Elicitor Candidate LY5-24-2". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, n.º 10 (11 de maio de 2022): 5348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105348.
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Plant elicitors enhance plant defense against pathogen attacks by inducing systemic acquired resistance (SAR) with no or low direct fungicidal activity. Here we report the synthesis of a novel plant elicitor candidate LY5-24-2 [3,4-dichloro-N-(3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)isothiazole-5-carboxamide] and evaluation of its SAR inducing activity. Bioassays indicated that LY5-24-2 did not show significant anti-fungal activity but provided long-lasting resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) through promoting the accumulation of lignin, cellulose and pectin by 60.1%, 82.4% and 305.6%, respectively, at a concentration of 100 µM. LY5-24-2 also facilitated the closure of leaf stomata and increased the intracellular free Ca2+ by 47.8%, induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and inhibited the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) and catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) by 38.9% and 34.0%, respectively, as compared with the control at a concentration of 100 µM. LY5-24-2 induced SAR in plants and was dependent on the NPR1-mediated SA pathway by up-regulating expression of 2273 genes in A. thaliana. Meanwhile, LY5-24-2 also improved cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) defense against Pseudoperonospora cubensis (P. cubensis) through promoting ROS accumulation and inhibiting activity of APX and CAT by 30.7% and 23.1%, respectively. Its expression of SA signaling genes CsNPR1, CsPR4 and CsPR5 was enhanced by 10.8, 5.8 and 6.6 times, respectively. These results demonstrated that LY5-24-2 is a novel elicitor candidate for plant protection via inducing SAR.
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Ranjbar, M., E. Aghaie, M. R. Hosseini, Mohammad Pazouki e F. Ghavipanjeh. "Optimization of Kaolin Bioleaching by Aspergillus niger". Advanced Materials Research 20-21 (julho de 2007): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.20-21.115.
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In this paper, a central composite design was applied to optimize the bioleaching of iron from a kaolin sample containing 2.2% iron impurity by Aspergillus niger isolated from pistachio shell. The strains were inoculated into 500 ml flasks containing 100 ml media consisted of (g/l): sucrose 120; NH4NO3 0.45; KH2PO4 0.1; MgSO4.7H2O 0.3; FeSO4.7H2O 10-4; ZnSO4.7H2O 25×10- 5. The effects of initial pH, sugar and spore concentrations on iron removal extent were investigated. The two-level factorial design points were pH 2 and 5, sugar conc. 70 g/l and 130 g/l, spore conc. 9×107 and 35×107 spores/l. Also, the increase of dissolved iron, oxalic acid concentration, changes in pH value, and sugar concentration were registered. Consequently, after 10 days, the iron concentration of the best condition reached to 179.3 ppm that means 38.8% of the total iron content is removed. Furthermore, the data analysis showed that all the factors are significant, and the iron removal extent increases by increasing the initial pH to 4.4, sucrose content to 93.8 g/l, and spore concentration to 305.5 spores/μl, but further increase in each factor value has negative effect on the response.
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Anandakumar, K., e P. Veerasundari. "Simultaneous Estimation of Paracetamol, Ambroxol Hydrochloride, Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride, and Phenylephrine Hydrochloride in Combined Tablet Formulation by First-Order Derivative Spectrophotometry". ISRN Spectroscopy 2014 (30 de março de 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/248960.
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Paracetamol, ambroxol hydrochloride, levocetirizine dihydrochloride, and phenylephrine hydrochloride are used in combination for the treatment of chronic sinusitis, rhinitis, fever, nasal discharge, sore throat, and wheezing. The present work deals with method development for simultaneous estimation of paracetamol, ambroxol hydrochloride, levocetirizine dihydrochloride, and phenylephrine hydrochloride in tablet formulation by first-order derivative spectrosphotometry. For determination of sampling wavelength, 10 μg/mL of each of paracetamol, ambroxol hydrochloride, levocetirizine dihydrochloride, and phenylephrine hydrochloride was scanned in 200–400 nm ranges and sampling wavelengths were found to be 305.5 nm for paracetamol, 321 nm for ambroxol hydrochloride, 244 nm for levocetirizine dihydrochloride, and 280 nm for phenylephrine hydrochloride in first-order derivative spectrophotometry. In this method, linearity was observed in the ranges of 20–140 μg/mL for paracetamol and 10–70 μg/mL for ambroxol hydrochloride, levocetirizine dihydrochloride, and phenylephrine hydrochloride. The % recovery was within the range between 98 and 102%, and % relative standard deviation for precision and accuracy of the method was found to be less than 2%. The method is validated as per International Conference on Harmonization Guidelines. The method can be successfully applied for the simultaneous analysis of these drugs in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
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Demir, Mustafa, Senol Kalyoncu, Onur Ince, Bulent Ozkan, Sefa Kelekci, Gulcan Saglam, Recep Sutcu e Bulent Yilmaz. "Endometrial Flushing Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Interleukin 2 Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Leiomyoma and Endometrioma: Comparison with Healthy Controls". Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde 79, n.º 05 (maio de 2019): 517–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0829-3873.
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Abstract Introduction An important open question in the literature is whether endometrial receptivity marker levels are different in infertility related diseases than healthy women. The aim of the study is to compare the levels of interleukin two (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) during the implantation window in the endometrial flushing fluid of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometrioma, leiomyoma patients with healthy controls. Material and Methods In this case control study, after obtaining endometrial flushing fluids at mid-luteal phase of ovulatory women with PCOS (n = 20), endometrioma (n = 19), leiomyoma (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 20), IL-2 and TNF-α levels were measured using ELISA kits in BioTek ELISA devices. Results Mean TNF-α levels (ng/mL) were similar for the PCOS (305.6, p = 0.220) and the leiomyoma group (246.3, p = 0.502) compared to healthy patients (261.1). However, the levels were higher in the endometrioma group (338.2, p = 0,004) than the control group (261.1) in a statistically significant way. Mean IL-2 levels (ng/mL) were significantly lower in the PCOS (290.9, p = 0.0005), the leiomyoma (282.9, p = 0.0002) and the endometrioma patients (229.5, p = 0.0009) than the control group (416.0). Conclusion Relative to the control group, endometrial flushing fluid TNF-α levels were significantly higher in endometrioma patients and IL-2 levels were significantly lower in PCOS, leiomyoma and endometrioma patients. In benign gynecological diseases, endometrial markers related to infertility seem to show differences in endometrial flushing fluid. Future studies might identify the reference values for these markers, and endometrial markers can be used to diagnose gynecologic disorders causing infertility.
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Silva, Amélia M., Carlos Martins-Gomes, Tânia L. Silva, Tiago E. Coutinho, Eliana B. Souto e Tatiana Andreani. "In Vitro Assessment of Pesticides Toxicity and Data Correlation with Pesticides Physicochemical Properties for Prediction of Toxicity in Gastrointestinal and Skin Contact Exposure". Toxics 10, n.º 7 (8 de julho de 2022): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10070378.
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In this work, three pesticides of different physicochemical properties, namely, glyphosate (herbicide), imidacloprid (insecticide) and imazalil (fungicide), were selected to assess their cytotoxicity against distinct cell models (Caco-2, HepG2, A431, HaCaT, SK-MEL-5 and RAW 264.7 cells) to mimic gastrointestinal and skin exposure with potential systemic effect. Cells were subjected to different concentrations of selected pesticides for 24 h or 48 h. Cell viability was assessed by Alamar Blue assay, morphological changes by bright-field microscopy and the IC50 values were calculated. Cytotoxic profiles were analysed using the physico-chemical parameters of the pesticides, namely: molecular weight, water solubility, the partition coefficient in the n-octanol/water (Log Pow) system, the topological polar surface area (TPSA), and number of hydrogen-bonds (donor/acceptor) and rotatable bonds. Results showed that glyphosate did not reduce cell viability (up to 1 mM), imidacloprid induced moderate toxicity (IC50 > 1 mM for Caco-2 cells while IC50 = 305.9 ± 22.4 μM for RAW 264.7 cells) and imazalil was highly cytotoxic (IC50 > 253.5 ± 3.37 for Caco-2 cells while IC50 = 31.3 ± 2.7 μM for RAW 264.7 cells) after 24 h exposure. Toxicity was time-dependent as IC50 values at 48 h exposure were lower, and decrease in cell viability was accompanied by changes in cell morphology. Pesticides toxicity was found to be directly proportional with their Log Pow, indicating that the affinity to a lipophilic environment such as the cell membranes governs their toxicity. Toxicity is inverse to pesticides TPSA, but lower TPSA favours membrane permeation. The lower toxicity against Caco-2 cells was attributed to the physiology and metabolism of cell barriers equipped with various ABC transporters. In conclusion, physicochemical factors such as Log Pow, TPSA and H-bond are likely to be directly correlated with pesticide-induced toxicity, thus being key factors to potentially predict the toxicity of other compounds.
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Valentim, Ana M., Pierpaolo Di Giminiani, Patrícia O. Ribeiro, Paula Rodrigues, I. Anna S. Olsson e Luís M. Antunes. "Lower Isoflurane Concentration Affects Spatial Learning and Neurodegeneration in Adult Mice Compared with Higher Concentrations". Anesthesiology 113, n.º 5 (1 de novembro de 2010): 1099–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3181f79c7c.
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Background Volatile anesthetics such as isoflurane are widely used in clinical and research contexts. Concerns have been raised that the effects of these drugs on the central nervous system may result in long-term impairment after surgery or general anesthesia. Hence, this study aimed to detect how different isoflurane concentrations influence spatial learning and cell death in adult mice. Methods Fifty-two C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided in four groups. Mice in three groups were exposed to different concentrations of isoflurane (1, 1.5, and 2%) for 1 h; the control group was not exposed to anesthesia. Five mice per group were killed 3 h after anesthesia to perform histopathologic and immunohistochemical analyses (hematoxylin-eosin staining; caspase-3 activation). Eight mice per group were used for behavioral tests (open field, T-maze spontaneous alternation, and water maze) on subsequent days. Results There were no differences between groups in the T-maze spontaneous alternation test or in the open field (no confounding effects of stress or locomotion). The group anesthetized with 1% isoflurane performed worse in the water maze task on day 1 (550.4 ±162.78 cm) compared with the control group (400.1 ± 112.88 cm), 1.5% isoflurane (351.9 ± 150.67 cm), and 2% isoflurane (364.5 ± 113.70 cm; P ≤ 0.05) and on day 3 (305.0 ± 81.75 cm) compared with control group (175.13 ± 77.00 cm) and 2% isoflurane (204.11 ± 85.75 cm; P ≤ 0.038). In the pyramidal cell layer of the region cornu ammonis 1 of the hippocampus, 1% isoflurane showed a tendency to cause more neurodegeneration (apoptosis) (61.4 ± 26.40, profiles/mm) than the group with 2% of isoflurane (20.6 ± 17.77, profiles/mm; P = 0.051). Conclusion Low isoflurane concentration (1%) caused spatial learning impairment and more neurodegeneration compared with higher isoflurane concentrations. Results for mice receiving the latter concentrations were similar to those of control mice.
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Hoang, C. Q., H. D. Nguyen, N. X. Ho, T. H. T. Vu, T. T. M. Pham, K. T. Nguyen, H. T. Nguyen et al. "Incidence of Infection of Enterovirus 71 and Coxsackieviruses A6 and A16 among Household Contacts of Index Cases in Dong Thap Province, Southern Vietnam". BioMed Research International 2020 (19 de novembro de 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9850351.
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Background. Scarce information exists about immunity to hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) among household contacts of index cases in Vietnam and what that means for reducing ongoing HFMD transmission in the community. Methods. We analyzed neutralizing antibodies (NT) and the incidence of enterovirus (EVs) infection among household contacts of index cases in a province where HFMD remains endemic. Throat swab and 2 mL blood samples from household contacts were collected at enrollment, during and after 2 weeks follow-up. Results. The incidence of EV-A71 infection among household contacts was 40/84 (47.6%, 95% Cl: 36.9-58.3%), compared with 106/336 (31.5%, 95% Cl: 26.6-36.5%) for CV-A6 and 36/107 (33.6%, 95% Cl: 24.7-42.6%) for CV-A16. The incidence of CV-A6 infection was fairly constant across ages; in contrast, CV-A71 and CV-A16 had some variation across ages. At baseline, higher geometric mean titer (GMT) of EV-A71, CV-A6, and CV-A16 antibody titers was found for 25-34-year groups (range 216.3 to 305.0) compared to the other age groups. There was a statistically significant difference in GMT values of CV-A6 and CV-A16 between those who had an infection or did not have infection among households with an index case of these serotypes. Conclusions. Our results indicated that adults were becoming infected with HFMD and could be contributing to the transmission. There is, therefore, a need for considering the household setting as an additional target for intervention programs for HFMD.
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Guedj, Kevin, Mathieu Uzzan, Damien Soudan, Catherine Trichet, Antonino Nicoletti, Emmanuel Weiss, Hana Manceau et al. "I-FABP is decreased in COVID-19 patients, independently of the prognosis". PLOS ONE 16, n.º 4 (15 de abril de 2021): e0249799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249799.
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Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is frequently associated with gastrointestinal manifestations. Herein we evaluated the interest in measuring the intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), a biomarker of intestinal injury, in COVID-19 patients. Methods Serum I-FABP was analyzed in 28 consecutive patients hospitalized for a PCR-confirmed COVID-19, in 24 hospitalized patients with non-COVID-19 pulmonary diseases, and 79 patients admitted to the emergency room for abdominal pain. Results I-FABP serum concentrations were significantly lower in patients with COVID-19, as compared to patients with non-COVID-19 pulmonary diseases [70.3 pg/mL (47–167.9) vs. 161.1 pg/mL (88.98–305.2), respectively, p = 0.008]. I-FABP concentrations in these two populations were significantly lower than in patients with abdominal pain without COVID-19 [344.8 pg/mL (268.9–579.6)]. I-FABP was neither associated with severity nor the duration of symptoms. I-FABP was correlated with polymorphonuclear cell counts. Conclusions In this pilot study, we observed a low I-FABP concentration in COVID-19 patients either with or without gastrointestinal symptoms, of which the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical impact remain to be established. Further explorations on a larger cohort of patients will be needed to unravel the molecular mechanism of such observation, including the effects of malabsorption and/or abnormal lipid metabolism.
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Coffey, A. K., D. J. O'Sullivan, S. Homma, T. P. Dousa e H. Valtin. "Induction of intramembranous particle clusters in mice with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus". American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 261, n.º 4 (1 de outubro de 1991): F640—F646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1991.261.4.f640.
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In mice with hereditary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), the inability of vasopressin to increase hydraulic water permeability is reflected in a lack of intramembranous particle (IMP) clusters in apical membranes of inner medullary collecting ducts. The lack arises from anomalously high activity of one or two isozymes of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-phosphodiesterase (cAMP-PDE). We asked whether inhibition of these isozymes with rolipram and cilostamide would raise not only the tissue content of cAMP but also and simultaneously restore IMP clusters. Inner medullary collecting ducts from NDI mice were incubated in vitro. Tissue content of cAMP (fmol of cAMP per bundle) and number of IMP clusters (per 100 microns 2 of principal cell apical membrane) were, respectively: control, 44.8 +/- 13.0 and 4.16 +/- 1.49; arginine vasopressin (AVP), 31.7 +/- 8.0 and 3.98 +/- 1.56; rolipram and cilostamide, 109.7 +/- 21.0 and 58.09 +/- 15.74; and AVP plus rolipram and cilostamide, 305.7 +/- 75 and 48.63 +/- 11.03 (with the last four values showing significant difference from control and AVP only, respectively). In addition, treating NDI mice with rolipram and cilostamide in vivo reduced their high fluid turnover. We conclude that failure by AVP to increase cAMP in cells of collecting ducts, which results from anomalously high activity of one or two specific isozymes of cAMP-PDE, is the major or sole cause for the excretion of hypotonic urine in NDI mice (DI +/+ Severe strain).
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Jiménez Galindo, José Cruz, e Jorge Alberto Acosta Gallegos. "Efecto de la densidad de cosecha en rendimiento de frijol Pinto Saltillo de riego en Chihuahua, México". Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 4, n.º 2 (18 de maio de 2018): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v4i2.1235.
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Se describen estudios sobre el uso de las altas densidades en frijol de riego en el estado de Chihuahua. La mayoría de los productores de frijol de riego cosechan una densidad por debajo de las recomendaciones de INIFAP. Los objetivos de los estudios aquí reportados fueron: a) realizar un muestreo aleatorio en parcelas comerciales de productores de frijol de riego en Chihuahua para determinar la población de plantas en uso; y b) evaluar el rendimiento de grano de la variedad Pinto Saltillo de riego con diferentes densidades, localidades y años. El muestreo de densidad en parcelas de productores de frijol de riego se realizó en 2009. Los experimentos para determinar el uso de altas densidades o densidades óptimas se realizaron en 2010 en Fco. I. Madero, Bachiniva y en 2011 en Carbajal de Abajo, Cusihuiriachi e Independencia, Namiquipa. En cada localidad se utilizó el sistema de riego disponible por el productor pivote central, en las dos primeras localidades y sistema de aspersión manual en la tercera localidad. La fertilización y el manejo vario de acuerdo al productor. Las densidades utilizadas variaron desde 1 hasta 16 plantas por metro lineal (planta por m-1). La densidad promedio recomendada para frijol de riego en las tres localidades fue la de 8 planta por m-1 (100 000 plantas por hectárea en la cosecha). Al determinar un promedio de rendimiento de grano en las tres localidades estudiadas resultó un incremento de 1 966.2 a 2 305.7 kg ha-1, de esta forma sembrando la densidad óptima se podría incrementar el rendimiento de frijol de riego como lo prevé el Gobierno Federal de aumentar el promedio nacional del frijol de riego de 1 700 kg ha-1 a un rango de 2 000 a 2 500 kg ha-1.
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Kerins, Paul J., Roger A. Vertrees, Karen A. Finn, Jonathan H. Cilley e Anthony J. DelRossi. "Comparison of Two Colloid Constituents in Prime Solutions and the Effect on Blood Loss Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass". Journal of ExtraCorporeal Technology 21 (1989): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ject/198921s011.
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A retrospective study was conducted on a population of 24 patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This population is divisible into two groups that differ in prime constituents. Group A used 500cc of 6% Hydroxyethyl starch (Hespan) as the colloid, and Group B used 150cc of 25% albumin. No statistically significant differences were found in the preoperative demographics. All of these cases were done using the same perfusion technique and equipment. Intraoperative values displayed levels of significant difference (p <.05) between the two groups with respect to 1) bypass platelet count; and 2) greater usage of protamine in Group A. Group A Hespan = Platelet count x 1000/ml was 99.90+/-32.4, Blood loss (cc's) was 1033.3+/-305.5, Protamine:Heparin ratio was 1.41:1.0 +/- .37 Group B Albumin = Platelet count x 1000/ml was 153.84 +/- 34.17; Blood loss was 929.6+/- 105.4; Protamine:Heparin ratio was 1.01:1.0 +/- .43 In the postoperative phase which ended when the chest tube was removed, levels of significant difference were as follows: Group A Hespan = Platelet Ct.#2 x 1000/ml was 124.87 +/- 30.62, Blood loss (cc's) was 1390.25 +/- 405.78, PPF Admin. ratio was 1417 +/- 506.32. Group B Albumin= Platelet count x 1000 ml was 159.71 +/- 41.22; Blood loss= 1087.0 +/- 385.72, PPF Admin. ratio was 875 +/- 291.94. From this study it seems as though there are two factors contributing to the increased blood loss seen in Group A that may result from Hespan usage - the intraoperative and postoperative decreased platelet count and the increased amount of protamine used. Furthermore, Group A patients required substantially more PPF postoperatively.
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Qin, Fei, Yiqing Song, George P. Nassis, Lina Zhao, Yanan Dong, Cuicui Zhao, Yiwei Feng e Jiexiu Zhao. "Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Emotional Well-Being during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n.º 14 (17 de julho de 2020): 5170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145170.
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We aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 lock down on lifestyle in China during the initial stage of the pandemic. A questionnaire was distributed to Chinese adults living in 31 provinces of China via the internet using a snowball sampling strategy. Information on 7-day physical activity recall, screen time, and emotional state were collected between January 24 and February 2, 2020. ANOVA, χ² test, and Spearman’s correlation coefficients were used for statistical analysis. 12,107 participants aged 18–80 years were included. During the initial phase of the COVID-19 outbreak, nearly 60% of Chinese adults had inadequate physical activity (95% CI 56.6%–58.3%), which was more than twice the global prevalence (27.5%, 25.0%–32.2%). Their mean screen time was more than 4 hours per day while staying at home (261.3 ± 189.8 min per day), and the longest screen time was found in young adults (305.6 ± 217.5 min per day). We found a positive and significant correlation between provincial proportions of confirmed COVID-19 cases and negative affect scores (r = 0.501, p = 0.004). Individuals with vigorous physical activity appeared to have a better emotional state and less screen time than those with light physical activity. During this nationwide lockdown, more than half of Chinese adults temporarily adopted a sedentary lifestyle with insufficient physical activity, more screen time, and poor emotional state, which may carry considerable health risks. Promotion of home-based self-exercise can potentially help improve health and wellness.
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Yue, Qing, Wei Han e Zi-ling Liu. "Endoscopic reintervention after unilateral metal stent deployment for MHBO using SIS method". Medicine 102, n.º 30 (28 de julho de 2023): e34467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000034467.
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Endoscopic biliary drainage is the main treatment for unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO). Recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) often occurs after unilateral metal stent deployment. Endoscopic reintervention can be complex for this problem, especially for drainage of the contralateral bile duct. The stent-in-stent (SIS) method is a possible solution to this problem. Our objective was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of the SIS method for endoscopic reintervention in patients with RBO due to MHBO after unilateral metal stent deployment. Eleven patients with MHBO received endoscopic reintervention using the SIS method to manage RBO after unilateral metal stent deployment. Clinical data, including technical and clinical success, procedure time, adverse events and complications, stent patency, RBO of the revisionary stent, and survival time were recorded. Nine patients (82%) achieved technical success, and all 9 of them also achieved clinical success. The 2 unsuccessful cases received percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage. The median procedure time was 73 minutes. The 3 adverse events were post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis, cholangitis, and liver abscess. 6 patients (67%) experienced RBO of the revisionary stent, the median time to RBO of the revisionary stent was 95.5 days, the median survival time after reintervention was 111 days, and the median overall survival time was 305.5 days. Endoscopic reintervention after previous unilateral metal stent deployment using the SIS method appears to be safe and technically feasible for MHBO patients who experience RBO.
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Nusrat, Munira, Maisha Hossain Mim e Md Humayun Kabir. "Analyzing the Landuse Land Cover Change of Sonadia Island From 1990 to 2020". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science 49, n.º 2 (31 de dezembro de 2023): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v49i2.70763.
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Remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are essential tools in determining the spatiotemporal extent of Landuse, and Land Cover (LULC) changes, as well as a variety of individual concerns, such as annual and seasonal changes in LULC caused by human interferences and interactions between the physical environment, cultural context, and anthropogenic factors. This study focuses on the LULC change of Sonadia Island, and it uses multi-temporal Landsat imagery from 1990 through 2020. The output analysis revealed four sub-features: mudflats, vegetation, open space, and water bodies. Vegetation cover decreased from 1486.71 hectares in 1990 to 986.13 hectares in 2000, and in 2020, the total area covered by vegetation increased significantly, reaching 1186.47 hectares, up from 497.97 hectares in 2010. Open space increased from 317.16 hectares in 1990 to 510.75 hectares in 2000. The net area expanded to 631.98 hectares in 2010 and then lost to 421.29 hectares in 2020. There was a consistent increase in the mudflats section from 1990 to 2010, when the amounts were 491.4 and 1179 hectares, respectively. By 2020, the area extent decreased to 796.41 hectares. From 1990 to 2000, the waterbody declined from 305.46 to 262.17 hectares, then slightly increased to 291.78 hectares in 2010, and then shrank again to 196.56 hectares in 2020. Therefore, this study could help policymakers decide on future landscape planning and evaluate Sonadia Island's current condition for long-term coastal management. J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 49(2): 139-148, December 2023
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Takamata, A., K. Nagashima, H. Nose e T. Morimoto. "Osmoregulatory inhibition of thermally induced cutaneous vasodilation in passively heated humans". American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 273, n.º 1 (1 de julho de 1997): R197—R204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.1.r197.
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We examined the effect of increased plasma osmolality (P(osm)) on cutaneous vasodilatory response to increased esophageal temperature (T(es)) in passively heated human subjects (n = 6). To modify P(osm), subjects were infused with 0.9, 2, or 3% NaCl infusions (Inf) for 90 min on separate days. Infusion rates were 0.2, 0.15, and 0.125 ml.min-1.kg body wt-1 for 0.9, 2, and 3% Inf, respectively, which produced relatively similar plasma volume expansion. Thirty minutes after the end of infusion, subjects immersed their lower legs in a water bath at 42 degrees C (room temperature 28 degrees C) for 60 min after 10 min of preheating control measurements. Passive heating without infusion (NI) served as time control to account for the effect of volume expansion. P(osm) (mosmol/kgH2O) values at the onset of passive heating were 289.9 +/- 1.4, 292.1 +/- 0.6, 298.7 +/- 0.7, and 305.6 +/- 0.6 after NI, 0.9% Inf, 2% Inf, and 3% Inf, respectively. The increases in T(es) (delta T(es)) at equilibrium during passive heating (mean delta T(es) during 55-60 min) were 0.47 +/- 0.08, 0.59 +/- 0.08, 0.85 +/- 0.13, and 1.09 +/- 0.12 degrees C after NI, 0.9% Inf, 2% Inf, and 3% Inf, respectively, which indicates that T(es) at equilibrium increased linearly as P(osm) increased. delta T(es) required to elicit cutaneous vasodilation (delta T(es) threshold for cutaneous vasodilation) also increased linearly as P(osm) increased as well as the delta T(es) threshold for sweating. The calculated increases in these thresholds per unit rise in P(osm) from regression analysis were 0.044 degree C for the cutaneous vasodilation and 0.034 degree C for sweating. Thus the delta T(es) thresholds for cutaneous vasodilation and sweating are shifted to higher delta T(es) along with the increase in P(osm), and these shifts resulted in the higher increase in T(es) during passive heating.
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Lin, Fengyu, Yiqun Zhu, Huaying Liang, Dianwu Li, Danrong Jing, Hong Liu, Pinhua Pan e Yan Zhang. "Association of Coffee and Tea Consumption with the Risk of Asthma: A Prospective Cohort Study from the UK Biobank". Nutrients 14, n.º 19 (28 de setembro de 2022): 4039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14194039.
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Background: Previous observational studies investigated the relationship between coffee and tea intake and the risk of asthma, however, the conclusions were inconsistent. Further, the combined effect of coffee and tea consumption on asthma has rarely been studied. Methods: We examined associations between the self-reported intake of tea and coffee and the risk of incident asthma in a total of 424,725 participants aged from 39 to 73 years old from the UK Biobank. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the associations between coffee/tea consumption and incident adult-onset asthma, adjusting for age, sex, race, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), education, and Townsend deprivation index. Results: Cox models with penalized splines showed J-shaped associations of coffee, tea, caffeinated coffee, and caffeine intake from coffee and tea with the risk of adult-onset asthma (p for nonlinear <0.01). Coffee intake of 2 to 3 cups/d (hazard ratio [HR] 0.877, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.826–0.931) or tea intake of 0.5 to 1 cups/d (HR 0.889, 95% CI 0.816–0.968) or caffeinated coffee intake of 2 to 3 cups/d (HR 0.858, 95% CI 0.806–0.915) or combination caffeine intake from tea and coffee of 160.0 to 235.0 mg per day (HR 0.899, 95% CI 0.842–0.961) were linked with the lowest hazard ratio of incident asthma after adjustment for age, sex, race, smoking status, BMI, qualification, and Townsend deprivation index. Conclusions: Collectively, the study showed light-to-moderate coffee and tea consumption was associated with a reduced risk of adult-onset asthma and controlling total caffeine intake from coffee and tea for a moderate caffeine dose of 160.0 to 305.0 mg/day may be protective against adult-onset asthma. Further investigation on the possible preventive role of caffeine in asthma is warranted.
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Tian, Ye, Jinlei Nie, Chuanye Huang e Keith P. George. "The kinetics of highly sensitive cardiac troponin T release after prolonged treadmill exercise in adolescent and adult athletes". Journal of Applied Physiology 113, n.º 3 (1 de agosto de 2012): 418–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00247.2012.
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The nature and kinetics of postexercise cardiac troponin (cTn) appearance is poorly described and understood in most athlete populations. We compared the kinetics of high-sensitivity cTn T (hs-cTnT) after endurance running in training-matched adolescents and adults. Thirteen male adolescent (mean age: 14.1 ± 1.1 yr) and 13 male adult (24.0 ± 3.6 yr) runners performed a 90-min constant-load treadmill run at 95% of ventilatory threshold. Serum hs-cTnT levels were assessed preexercise, immediately postexercise, and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 24 h postexercise. Serum NH2-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) levels were recorded preexercise and 3, 6, and 24 h postexercise. Left ventricular function was assessed preexercise, immediately postexercise, and 6 h postexercise. Peak hs-cTnT occurred at 3–4 h postexercise in all subjects, but was substantially higher ( P < 0.05) in adolescents [median (range): 211.0 (11.2–794.5) ng/l] compared with adults [median (range): 19.1 (9.7–305.6) ng/l]. Peak hs-cTnT was followed by a rapid decrease in both groups, although adolescent data had not returned to baseline at 24 h. Substantial interindividual variability was noted in peak hs-cTnT, especially in the adolescents. NT-pro-BNP was significantly elevated postexercise in both adults and adolescents and remained above baseline at 24 h in both groups. In both groups, left ventricular ejection fraction and the ratio of early-to-atrial peak Doppler flow velocities were significantly decreased immediately postexercise. Peak hs-cTnT was not related to changes in ejection fraction, ratio of early-to-atrial peak Doppler flow velocities, or NT-pro-BNP. The present data suggest that postexercise hs-cTnT elevation 1) occurred in all runners, 2) peaked 3–4 h postexercise, and 3) the peak hs-cTnT concentration after prolonged exercise was higher in adolescents than adults.
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Barua, Tanuka, Kawsar Sultana, Dazy Barua, Rifat Karnain, Showrov Barua Chowdhury e Mahmood A. Chowdhury Arzu. "Expenditure to Treat Thalassemia- A Major Financial Burden". European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 4, n.º 5 (29 de setembro de 2022): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2022.4.5.1454.
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Background: Thalassemia is the most common inherited blood disorder that represents a major public concern. The medical and economic burden of thalassemia is a great health problem worldwide. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at Chattogram Maa Shishu-O-General Hospital, Chattogram from July 2013 to June 2014. 70 thalassemia patients aged 2-18 years with history of blood transfusion for at least one year and previously treated with iron chelating drugs were included. Parents were interviewed according to a formulated questionnaire based on a cost model. Data was analyzed both manually as well as using SPSS version 18. Results: Mean annual income of family was 262,000 taka/year ± 245,477.35 (USD 3324.87 ± 3115.19). Total annual cost for blood transfusion ranged between 5,100 to 32,400 taka/year (USD 64.72 to USD 411.17) varying on frequency of transfusion. On an average 6.91% (± 5.10) of annual income was spent for blood transfusion and it accounted for 65.99% (± 29.20) of total annual cost. Iron chelation therapy contributed to 45.94% (± 23.03) of total annual cost and it was 8% (± 9.94) of annual income of parents. Average annual cost was 24,037 taka/year ± 20,607.59 (USD 305.04 ± 261.52 per year) and average 13.22% (± 10.54) of annual income of parents was spent for treatment of a thalassemia child. Conclusion: Treatment of thalassemia exposes families to a great financial burden. Hence it is essential for the Government to provide financial support and subsidize costs of medication along with taking necessary steps to prevent the disease.
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Podobed, L., O. K. Trishin e M. Kosov. "INFLUENCE OF COW WATERING TECHNOLOGY ON RUMINATOR PROCESSES AND DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY". Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine, n.º 125 (2021): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2021-125-179-185.
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The results of studies on changing the technology of drinking for dairy cows by installing an additional trough-type drinker on the route of cows from the milking parlor to the main housing are presented. For this, a scientific and economic experiment was carried out according to the method of groups of periods on 65 cows of the second third of lactation. It was found that for 2–3 days after the installation for additional watering, the cows began to linger near the additional watering devices and quickly consumed running water during the first 0.5 minutes. As a result, the concentration of cows near the drinking bowls in the main cow house was visually reduced. Changes in cows' drinking patterns led to an increase in dry matter consumption of the diet by 5.3 % and a gradual increase in the frequency of cicatricial contractions. The change in drinking water provided an increase in the average daily milk yield in cows by 1.03 kg or 4.79 %. In addition, there has been a tendency towards an increase in the percentage of protein and dry matter in milk. Improvement of water supply to the body of cows due to changes in drinking technology contributed to an increase in the microbiological purity of milk, which was reflected in a decrease in bacterial seed production from 305.3 to 297.9 thousand / cm3. The return of cow watering technology to the standard principle led to the return of productivity indicators to their original level. Therefore, it can be argued about the advisability of using the selected technological method of additional drinking.
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Halil, Kazanasmaz, e Karaca Meryem. "Plasma amino acid levels in a cohort of patients in Turkey with classical phenylketonuria". Asian Biomedicine 14, n.º 2 (4 de agosto de 2020): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/abm-2020-0009.
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AbstractBackgroundIn patients with phenylketonuria, the central nervous system is adversely affected by noncompliance with diet. The levels of phenylalanine and many different amino acids (AAs) in the plasma of patients with phenylketonuria can be measured simultaneously.ObjectivesTo measure the blood plasma levels of neurotransmitter AAs in a cohort of patients in Sanliurfa province, Turkey, with phenylketonuria for use as a support parameter for the follow-up of patients.MethodsThe phenylketonurics that we followed (n = 100) were divided into 2 groups according to their compliance with their dietary treatment. Plasma AA analysis results of phenylketonurics were compared with those of healthy children in a control group (n = 50).ResultsIn the diet incompliant group (n = 56), the mean levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA; 0.96 ± 1.07 μmol/L) and glycine (305.1 ± 105.19 μmol/L) were significantly higher than those in the diet compliant group (n = 44; GABA P = 0.005, glycine P < 0.001) and in the control group (GABA and glycine P < 0.001), whereas the mean levels of glutamic acid (39.01 ± 22.94 μmol/L) and asparagine (39.3 ± 16.89 μmol/L) were lower (P < 0.001) in the diet incompliant group. A positive correlation was observed between the levels of phenylalanine and GABA and glycine. A negative relationship was found between the levels of phenylalanine and glutamic acid and asparagine.ConclusionsA relationship exists between the levels of plasma phenylalanine in a cohort of phenylketonurics in Sanliurfa province, Turkey, and the levels of some excitatory and inhibitory AAs. Excitatory and inhibitory AA levels in plasma may be used as support parameters in the follow-up of patients with phenylketonuria.
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K.O. Yusuf, A.E. Imaji, O.M. Abioye, H.O. Sanusi e T. Abadunmi. "Performance of broiler chickens fed wheat offal and maize based diets". Journal of Agriculture and Environment 19, n.º 2 (13 de fevereiro de 2024): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jagrenv.v19i2.7.
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Food crisis in the developing countries especially Nigeria is affecting both man and domesticated animals. The use of grain such as maize in feed production for poultry is creating more shortage of maize for man with the growing population and high demand in the country. There is a need for alternative products for producing poultry feeds from agricultural waste to reduce the competition. This study was conducted to determine the growth response of broiler chickens to feeds produced from wheat offal (agricultural waste product from wheat) and maize. A total of 50 broiler chickens (day-old) were used with 25 birds (5 birds in each replicate) fed with feed made from wheat offal and 25 birds fed with feed made from maize and monitored for 12 weeks. The body weight of the broilers was recorded weekly for 12 weeks, and the feed conversion ratio was also determined. The mean weights of the broilers fed with wheat offal for day-old, weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 were 76.6, 115.6, 144.0, 186.0, 305.6, 462.6, 562.0, 693.6, 758.8, 814.4, 866.4, 956.8 and 1,032.8 g/broiler while the corresponding weights for broilers fed with maize feed were 99.6, 129.6, 151.2, 188.8, 234.8, 300.0, 386.8, 466.8, 550.8, 646.8, 732.4, 804.0 and 882.8 g/broiler, respectively. Wheat offal feed increased the body weight of the broilers by 16.99% at 12-week compared to broilers fed with maize feed. Broiler feed should be produced from wheat offal to reduce the competition and make more availability of maize for human consumption.
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Porosnicu, Tamara Mirela, Dorel Sandesc, Daniel Jipa, Ciprian Gindac, Cristian Oancea, Felix Bratosin, Roxana Manuela Fericean et al. "Assessing the Outcomes of Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection after Therapeutic Plasma Exchange by Number of TPE Sessions". Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, n.º 5 (22 de fevereiro de 2023): 1743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12051743.
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The high mortality risk in severe SARS-CoV-2 infections is tightly correlated to the extreme elevation of inflammatory markers. This acute accumulation of inflammatory proteins can be cleared using plasma exchange (TPE), commonly known as plasmapheresis, although the available data on performing TPE in COVID-19 patients is limited regarding the optimal treatment protocol. The purpose for this study was to examine the efficacy and outcomes of TPE based on different treatment methods. A thorough database search was performed to identify patients from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pneumology between March 2020 and March 2022 with severe COVID-19 that underwent at least one session of TPE. A total of 65 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria and were eligible for TPE as a last resort therapy. Of these, 41 patients received 1 TPE session, 13 received 2 TPE sessions, and the remaining 11 received more than 2 TPE sessions. It was observed that IL-6, CRP, and ESR decreased significantly after all sessions were performed in all three groups, with the highest decrease of IL-6 in those who received >2 TPE sessions (from 305.5 pg/mL to 156.0 pg/mL). Interestingly, there was a significant increase in leucocyte levels after TPE, but there was no significant difference in MAP changes, SOFA score, APACHE 2 score, or the PaO2/FiO2 ratio. The ROX index was significantly higher among the patients who underwent more than two TPE sessions, with an average of 11.4, compared to 6.5 in group 1 and 7.4 in group 2, which increased significantly after TPE. Nevertheless, the mortality rate was very high (72.3%), and the Kaplan–Meier analysis identified no significant difference in survival according to the number of TPE sessions. TPE can be used as last resort salvage therapy that can be regarded as an alternative treatment method when the standard management of these patients fails. It significantly decreases the inflammatory status measured via IL-6, CRP, and WBC, as well as demonstrating an improvement of the clinical status measured via PaO2/FiO2, and duration of hospitalization. However, the survival rate does not seem to change with the number of TPE sessions. Based on the survival analysis, one session of TPE as last resort treatment in patients with severe COVID-19 proved to have the same effect as repeated TPE sessions of 2 or more.
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Lestiani, Diah Dwiana, Muhayatun Muhayatun e Natalia Adventini. "APPLICATION OF NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS IN CHARACTERIZATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SRM SAMPLES". Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 9, n.º 2 (22 de junho de 2010): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21535.
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Neutron activation analysis (NAA) is a nuclear technique that is excellent, multi-elemental, sensitive and has limit detection up to nanogram level. The application of NAA in analysis of Standard Reference Material (SRM) National Institute of Standard Technology (NIST) 1633b Coal Fly Ash and SRM NIST 1646a Estuarine Sediment was carried out for NAA laboratory inter-comparison program. The samples were distributed by Technology Centre for Nuclear Industry Material, National Nuclear Energy Agency as a coordinator of the inter-comparison program. The samples were irradiated in rabbit facility of G.A. Siwabessy reactor with neutron flux ~ 1013 n.cm-2.s-1, and counted with HPGe spectrometry gamma detector. Several trace elements in these samples were detected. The concentration of Al, Mg, K, Na and Ti in SRM NIST 1633b were 15.11, 7.35, 2.09, 0.192 and 0.756% respectively and the concentration of As, Cr, Mn, Se, V, Sb, Co, Cs, La, Sc and Sm were 137.0, 195.6, 129.4, 9.61, 305.8, 5.45, 56.2, 11.18, 83.73, 41.1 and 19.13 mg/kg respectively. The analysis result in SRM NIST 1646a of the concentration of Al and Na were 2.15 and 0.70% and the concentration of As, Cr, Co, La and Sc were 5.75, 36.3, 4.58, 15.67 and 4.00 mg/kg respectively. These results analysis had relative bias and u-test ranged from 0.4-11.3% and 0.15-2.25. The accuracy and precision evaluation based on International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) criteria was also applied. The result showed that NAA technique is applicable for the environmental samples analysis, and it also showed that the NAA laboratory in BATAN Bandung has a good performance. Keywords: NAA, inter-comparison, estuarine sediment, coal fly ash, environmental samples
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Satou, Ryousuke, Martha Franco, Courtney M. Dugas, Akemi Katsurada e L. Gabriel Navar. "Immunosuppression by Mycophenolate Mofetil Mitigates Intrarenal Angiotensinogen Augmentation in Angiotensin II-Dependent Hypertension". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, n.º 14 (12 de julho de 2022): 7680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147680.
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Augmentation of intrarenal angiotensinogen (AGT) leads to further formation of intrarenal angiotensin II (Ang II) and the development of hypertensive kidney injury. Recent studies demonstrated that macrophages and the enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines can be crucial mediators of renal AGT augmentation in hypertension. Accordingly, this study investigated the effects of immunosuppression by mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) on intrarenal AGT augmentation. Ang II (80 ng/min) was infused with or without daily administration of MMF (50 mg/kg) to Sprague-Dawley rats for 2 weeks. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) in Ang II infused rats was slightly higher (169.7 ± 6.1 mmHg) than the Ang II + MMF group (154.7 ± 2.0 mmHg), but was not statistically different from the Ang II + MMF group. MMF treatment suppressed Ang II-induced renal macrophages and IL-6 elevation. Augmentation of urinary AGT by Ang II infusion was attenuated by MMF treatment (control: 89.3 ± 25.2, Ang II: 1194 ± 305.1, and Ang II + MMF: 389 ± 192.0 ng/day). The augmentation of urinary AGT by Ang II infusion was observed before the onset of proteinuria. Elevated intrarenal AGT mRNA and protein levels in Ang II infused rats were also normalized by the MMF treatment (AGT mRNA, Ang II: 2.5 ± 0.2 and Ang II + MMF: 1.5 ± 0.1, ratio to control). Ang II-induced proteinuria, mesangial expansion and renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis were attenuated by MMF. Furthermore, MMF treatment attenuated the augmentation of intrarenal NLRP3 mRNA, a component of inflammasome. These results indicate that stimulated cytokine production in macrophages contributes to intrarenal AGT augmentation in Ang II-dependent hypertension, which leads to the development of kidney injury.
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Conti, Alfredo, Giovanni Raffa, Francesca Granata, Vincenzo Rizzo, Antonino Germanò e Francesco Tomasello. "Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for “Somatotopic” Tractography of the Corticospinal Tract". Operative Neurosurgery 10, n.º 4 (25 de julho de 2014): 542–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000000502.
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Abstract BACKGROUND: Diffusion tensor imaging tractography provides 3-dimensional reconstruction of principal white matter tracts, but its spatial accuracy has been questioned. Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) enables somatotopic mapping of the motor cortex. OBJECTIVE: We used motor maps to reconstruct the corticospinal tract (CST) by integrating elements of its somatotopic organization. We analyzed the accuracy of this method compared with a standard technique and verified its reliability with intraoperative subcortical stimulation. METHODS: We prospectively collected data from patients who underwent surgery between January 2012 and October 2013 for lesions involving the CST. nTMS-based diffusion tensor imaging tractography was compared with a standard technique. The reliability and accuracy between the 2 techniques were analyzed by comparing the number of fibers, the concordance in size, and the location of the cortical end of the CST and the motor area. The accuracy of the technique was assessed by using direct subcortical stimulation. RESULTS: Twenty patients were enrolled in the study. nTMS-based tractography provided a detailed somatotopic reconstruction of the CST. This nTMS-based reconstruction resulted in a decreased number of fibers (305.1 ± 231.7 vs 1024 ± 193, P < .001) and a significantly greater overlap between the motor cortex and the cortical end-region of the CST compared with the standard technique (90.5 ± 8.8% vs 58.3 ± 16.6%, P < .001). Direct subcortical stimulation confirmed the CST location and the somatotopic reconstruction in all cases. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that nTMS-based tractography of the CST is more accurate and less operator dependent than the standard technique and provides a reliable anatomic and functional characterization of the motor pathway.
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Kushner, Erich J., Brian R. Weil, Owen J. MacEneaney, Richard G. Morgan, Michael L. Mestek, Gary P. Van Guilder, Kyle J. Diehl, Brian L. Stauffer e Christopher A. DeSouza. "Human aging and CD31+T-cell number, migration, apoptotic susceptibility, and telomere length". Journal of Applied Physiology 109, n.º 6 (dezembro de 2010): 1756–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00601.2010.
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CD31+T cells, or so-called “angiogenic T cells,” have been shown to demonstrate vasculoprotective and neovasculogenic qualities. The influence of age on CD31+T-cell number and function is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that circulating CD31+T-cell number and migratory capacity are reduced, apoptotic susceptibility is heightened, and telomere length is shortened with advancing age in adult humans. Thirty-six healthy, sedentary men were studied: 12 young (25 ± 1 yr), 12 middle aged (46 ± 1 yr), and 12 older (64 ± 2 yr). CD31+T cells were isolated from peripheral blood samples by magnetic-activated cell sorting. The number of circulating CD31+T cells (fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis) was lower ( P < 0.01) in older (24% of CD3+cells) compared with middle-aged (38% of CD3+cells) and young (40% of CD3+cells) men. Migration (Boyden chamber) to both VEGF and stromal cell-derived factor-1α was markedly blunted ( P < 0.05) in cells harvested from middle-aged [306.1 ± 45 and 305.6 ± 46 arbitrary units (AU), respectively] and older (231 ± 65 and 235 ± 62 AU, respectively) compared with young (525 ± 60 and 570 ± 62 AU, respectively) men. CD31+T cells from middle-aged and older men demonstrated greater apoptotic susceptibility, as staurosporine-stimulated intracellular caspase-3 activation was ∼40% higher ( P < 0.05) than young. There was a progressive age-related decline in CD31+T-cell telomere length (young: 10,706 ± 220 bp; middle-aged: 10,179 ± 251 bp; and older: 9,324 ± 192 bp). Numerical and functional impairments in this unique T-cell subpopulation may contribute to diminished angiogenic potential and greater cardiovascular risk with advancing age.
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Robbins, Brian L., Edmund V. Capparelli, Ellen G. Chadwick, Ram Yogev, Leslie Serchuck, Carol Worrell, Mary Elizabeth Smith et al. "Pharmacokinetics of High-Dose Lopinavir-Ritonavir with and without Saquinavir or Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Pediatric and Adolescent Patients Previously Treated with Protease Inhibitors". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 52, n.º 9 (setembro de 2008): 3276–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00224-08.
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ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children and adolescents who are failing antiretrovirals may have a better virologic response when drug exposures are increased, using higher protease inhibitor doses or ritonavir boosting. We studied the pharmacokinetics and safety of high-dose lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r) in treatment-experienced patients, using an LPV/r dose of 400/100 mg/m2 orally every 12 h (p.o. q12h) (without nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor [NNRTI]), or 480/120 mg/m2 p.o. q12h (with NNRTI). We calculated the LPV inhibitory quotient (IQ), and when the IQ was <15, saquinavir (SQV) 750 mg/m2 p.o. q12h was added to the regimen. We studied 26 HIV-infected patients. The median age was 15 years (range, 7 to 17), with 11.5 prior antiretroviral medications, 197 CD4 cells/ml, viral load of 75,577 copies/ml, and a 133-fold change in LPV resistance. By treatment week 2, 14 patients had a viral-load decrease of >0.75 log10, with a median maximal decrease in viral load of −1.57 log10 copies/ml at week 8. At week 2, 19 subjects showed a median LPV area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of 157.2 (range, 62.8 to 305.5) μg·h/ml and median LPV trough concentration (C trough) of 10.8 (range, 4.1 to 25.3) μg/ml. In 16 subjects with SQV added, the SQV median AUC was 33.7 (range, 4.4 to 76.5) μg·h/ml and the median SQV C trough was 2.1 (range, 0.2 to 4.1) μg/ml. At week 24, 18 of 26 (69%) subjects remained in the study. Between weeks 24 and 48, one subject withdrew for nonadherence and nine withdrew for persistently high virus load. In antiretroviral-experienced children and adolescents with HIV, high doses of LPV/r with or without SQV offer safe options for salvage therapy, but the modest virologic response and the challenge of adherence to a regimen with a high pill burden may limit the usefulness of this approach.
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Bosov, E. D., R. R. Fayzrakhmanov, V. A. Bogdanova, G. O. Karpov e M. E. Kalinin. "The role of the retinal pigment epithelium in treatment submacular hemorrhages". Modern technologies in ophtalmology, n.º 1 (28 de março de 2023): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-1-48-53.
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Objective. To evaluate the structural and functional changes in the retina depending on the duration of the morphological structure disorder of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) after treatment of patients with submacular hemorrhage (SMH) against the background of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Material and methods. Depending on the duration of AMD, the patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (24 patients) – SMH with newly diagnosed AMD; group 2 (19 patients) – SMH with AMD with an established diagnosis for more than 12 months. All patients underwent two-port 27 G surgery with subretinal injection of a fibrinolytic agent with air tamponade of the vitreal cavity. Then all patients were prescribed antivasoproliferative therapy. Results. After 2 weeks, the indices of maximally corrected visual acuity in the 1st group increased to 0.18 ± 0.05 and in the 2nd group to 0.15 ± 0.03. At the end of the 12-month follow-up period, the 1st group demonstrated stable visual acuity at the same levels, and the 2nd group showed a significant decrease in visual functions to 0.1 ± 0.04. The central retinal thickness before therapy was 826.2 ± 168, 9 in the 1st and 778.7 ± 151.9 µm in the 2nd group. One year after the start of treatment, a decrease to 231.3 ± 22.4 and 305.2 ± 57.6 µm was demonstrated in the 1st and 2nd groups, respectively. Before vitreoretinal intervention, the average height of RPE detachment was 167.2 ± 79.9 µm in the 1st group and 184.4 ± 85.1 µm in the 2nd group. and after 12 months – up to 38.8 ± 6.2 and 63.9 ± 11.6 microns in the 1st and 2nd groups, respectively. Conclusion. Vitreoretinal intervention followed by antivasoproliferative therapy in patients with SMH associated with AMD can improve the morphological and functional prognosis of the course of the disease. However, the long-term prospects for the restoration of visual function largely depend on the initial state of RPE and the duration of AMD. Keywords: submacular hemorrhage, tissue plasminogen activator, pneumodislocation
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Paradis, Stéphanie, Anne-Laure Charles, Margherita Giannini, Alain Meyer, Anne Lejay, Samy Talha, Gilles Laverny, Anne Charloux e Bernard Geny. "Targeting Mitochondrial Dynamics during Lower-Limb Ischemia Reperfusion in Young and Old Mice: Effect of Mitochondrial Fission Inhibitor-1 (mDivi-1)". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, n.º 7 (4 de abril de 2024): 4025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25074025.
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Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) strikes more than 200 million people worldwide and has a severe prognosis by potentially leading to limb amputation and/or death, particularly in older patients. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunctions and oxidative stress play major roles in this disease in relation with ischemia-reperfusion (IR) cycles. Mitochondrial dynamics through impairment of fission–fusion balance may contribute to skeletal muscle pathophysiology, but no data were reported in the setting of lower-limb IR despite the need for new therapeutic options. We, therefore, investigated the potential protective effect of mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (mDivi-1; 50 mg/kg) in young (23 weeks) and old (83 weeks) mice submitted to two-hour ischemia followed by two-hour reperfusion on systemic lactate, muscle mitochondrial respiration and calcium retention capacity, and on transcripts specific for oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics. At the systemic levels, an IR-related increase in circulating lactate was still major despite mDivi-1 use (+305.9% p < 0.0001, and +269.4% p < 0.0001 in young and old mice, respectively). Further, IR-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunctions (more severely impaired mitochondrial respiration in old mice (OXPHOS CI state, –68.2% p < 0.0001 and −84.9% p < 0.0001 in 23- and 83-week mice) and reduced calcium retention capacity (–46.1% p < 0.001 and −48.2% p = 0.09, respectively) were not corrected by mDivi-1 preconditioning, whatever the age. Further, mDivi-1 treatment did not oppose superoxide anion production (+71.4% p < 0.0001 and +37.5% p < 0.05, respectively). At the transcript level, markers of antioxidant enzymes (SOD 1, SOD 2, catalase, and GPx) and fission markers (Drp1, Fis) remained unchanged or tended to be decreased in the ischemic leg. Fusion markers such as mitofusin 1 or 2 decreased significantly after IR in both groups. In conclusion, aging enhanced the deleterious effects or IR on muscle mitochondrial respiration, and in this setting of lower-limb IR, mDivi-1 failed to protect the skeletal muscle both in young and old mice.
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Ficko, Andrej. "Bayesian Evaluation of Smartphone Applications for Forest Inventories in Small Forest Holdings". Forests 11, n.º 11 (29 de outubro de 2020): 1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11111148.
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There are increasingly advanced mobile applications for forest inventories on the market. Small enterprises and nonprofessionals may find it difficult to opt for a more sophisticated application without comparing it to an established standard. In a small private forest holding (19 ha, 4 stands, 61 standing points), we compared TRESTIMA, a computer vision-based mobile application for stand inventories, to MOTI, a smartphone-based relascope, in measuring the number of stems (N) and stand basal area (G). Using a Bayesian approach, we (1) weighted evidence for the hypothesis of no difference in N and G between TRESTIMA and MOTI relative to the hypothesis of difference, and (2) weighted evidence for the hypothesis of overestimating versus underestimating N and G when using TRESTIMA compared to MOTI. The results of the Bayesian tests were then compared to the results of frequentist tests after the p-values of paired sample t-tests were calibrated to make both approaches comparable. TRESTIMA consistently returned higher N and G, with a mean difference of +305.8 stems/ha and +5.8 m2/ha. However, Bayes factors (BF10) suggest there is only moderate evidence for the difference in N (BF10 = 4.061) and anecdotal evidence for the difference in G (BF10 = 1.372). The frequentist tests returned inconclusive results, with p-values ranging from 0.03 to 0.13. After calibration of the p-values, the frequentist tests suggested rather small odds for the differences between the applications. Conversely, the odds of overestimating versus underestimating N and G were extremely high for TRESTIMA compared to MOTI. In a small forest holding, Bayesian evaluation of differences in stand parameters can be more helpful than frequentist analysis, as Bayesian statistics do not rely on asymptotics and can answer more specific hypotheses.
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Majzlan, Juraj, Stefan Kiefer, Kristina Lilova, Tamilarasan Subramani, Alexandra Navrotsky, Edgar Dachs e Artur Benisek. "Chapmanite [Fe<sub>2</sub>Sb(Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>(OH)]: thermodynamic properties and formation in low-temperature environments". European Journal of Mineralogy 33, n.º 4 (2 de julho de 2021): 357–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-357-2021.
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Abstract. In this work, we have determined or evaluated thermodynamic properties of synthetic Sb2O5, MgSb2O6 (analogue of the mineral byströmite), Mg[Sb(OH)6]2⋅6H2O (brandholzite), and natural chapmanite [(Fe1.88Al0.12)Sb(Si2O5)O3(OH)]. Enthalpies of reactions, including formation enthalpies, were evaluated using reference compounds Sb, Sb2O3, Sb2O5, and other phases, with high-temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry in lead borate and sodium molybdate solvents. Heat capacity and entropy were determined by relaxation and differential scanning calorimetry. The best set of ΔfHo (kJ mol−1) and So (J mol−1 K−1) is byströmite -1733.0±3.6, 139.3±1.0; brandholzite -5243.1±3.6, 571.0±4.0; and chapmanite -3164.9±4.7, 305.1±2.1. The data for chapmanite give ΔfGo of -2973.6±4.7 kJ mol−1 and logK=-17.10 for the dissolution reaction (Fe1.88Al0.12)Sb(Si2O5)O3(OH) + 6H+→ 1.88Fe3+ + 0.12Al3+ + 2SiO20 + Sb(OH)30 + 2H2O. Analysis of the data showed that chapmanite is finely balanced in terms of its stability with schafarzikite (FeSb2O4) and tripuhyite (FeSbO4) under a specific, narrow range of conditions when both aqueous Fe(III) and Sb(III) are abundant. In such a model, chapmanite is metastable by a narrow margin but could be stabilized by high SiO20(aq) activities. Natural assemblages of chapmanite commonly contain abundant amorphous silica, suggesting that this mechanism may be indeed responsible for the formation of chapmanite. Chapmanite probably forms during low-temperature hydrothermal overprint of pre-existing Sb ores under moderately reducing conditions; the slightly elevated temperatures may help to overcome the kinetic barrier for its crystallization. During weathering, sheet silicates may adsorb Sb3+ in tridentate hexanuclear fashion, thus exposing their chapmanite-like surfaces to the surrounding aqueous environment. Formation of chapmanite, as many other sheet silicates, under ambient conditions, is unlikely.
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Luo, Dan, Xinhao Liu, Jie Zhang, Lei Du, Lin Bai e Shuhua Luo. "Premobilization of CD133+ progenitors is associated with attenuated inflammation-induced pulmonary dysfunction following extracorporeal circulation in mice". Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 31, n.º 2 (9 de maio de 2020): 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivaa074.
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Abstract OBJECTIVES Progenitor cells mobilized by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) have been shown to lessen acute kidney injury induced by extracorporeal circulation (ECC). Both acute kidney injury and lung injury are characterized by endothelial dysfunction. Our goal was to examine whether and how G-CSF-mobilized progenitors with endothelial capacity may help mitigate ECC-induced pulmonary dysfunction. METHODS G-CSF (10 μg/kg/day) was administered subcutaneously to C57BL/6 mice before or at the initiation of the ECC process, after which lung injury was assessed by measuring neutrophils in the fluid from bronchoalveolar lavage and determining the pathological score in lung tissue. CD133+ progenitors were isolated and injected into C57BL/6 mice before ECC in vivo. We incubated the CD133+ cells with pulmonary monocytes or neutrophils isolated from naïve mice in vitro. RESULTS Pretreatment with G-CSF for 2 days significantly decreased the number of neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and the pathological score (P < 0.01; n = 5) improved the PaO2/FiO2 ratio [193.4 ± 12.7 (ECC without G-CSF) vs 305.6 ± 22.6 mmHg (ECC with G-CSF); P = 0.03, n = 5] and suppressed neutrophil elastase and tumour necrosis factor-α levels in the circulation; we also observed increases in both circulating and pulmonary populations of CD133+ progenitors. Similar effects were observed in animals pretreated with CD133+ progenitors instead of G-CSF before ECC. The majority of CD133+/CD45− and CD133+/CD45+ progenitors were mobilized in the lung and in the circulation, respectively. Incubating CD133+ progenitors with neutrophils or pulmonary monocytes blocked lipopolysaccharide-induced release of inflammatory factors. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that pretreatment of G-CSF attenuates ECC-induced pulmonary dysfunction through inhibiting the inflammatory response in lung tissue and in the circulation with associated premobilization of CD133+ progenitors.