Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "2003 m-782"

Introducción: Enfermería Nefrológica es la publicación oficial de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica, que cumple su 20 aniversario. El análisis de los artículos de una revista permite determinar la evolución de una publicación. Objetivo: Analizar la producción científica publicada en la revista Enfermería Nefrológica durante el periodo 1998-2017. Metodología: Estudio bibliométrico descriptivo transversal de la revista Enfermería Nefrológica, del volumen 1 al 20, mediante el software “Publish or Perish” V6. Se analizaron las siguientes variables: número total de artículos y de citas; citas por artículo, por autor, por año; artículos por autor y autores por artículo; AWCR, índice g e índice h. Se realizaron análisis por periodos de 5 años (P1 1998-2002, P2 2003-2007, P3 2008-2011, P4 2012-2017). Resultados: Se analizaron 1198 artículos: P1 n=81 (6,76%), P2 n= 160 (13,35%), P3 n=164 (13,68%), P4 n=793 (66,19%); y 2167 citaciones: P1 n=47 (2,17%), P2 n= 759 (35%), P3 n=782 (36%), P4 n=579 (26,7%). Media de autores por artículo: P1: 1,96, P2: 2,66, P3: 2,82, P4: 3. AWCR: P1: 2.80 (sqrt=1.67) 1.58/autor, P2: 60.33 (sqrt=7.77) 26.58/autor, P3: 93.93 (sqrt=9.69), 35.21/autor, P4: 147.12 (sqrt=12.13), 57.31/autor. Índice h: P1: 4 (a=2.94, m=0.20, 35 citas=74.5% cobertura), P2: 16 (a=2.96, m=1.07, 433 citas=57.0% cobertura), P3: 9 (a=7.15, m=1.50, 116 citas=20.0% cobertura), P4: 11 (g/h=1.22, 133 citas=23.0% cobertura). Conclusiones: La revista Enfermería Nefrológica ha crecido de forma exponencial en los últimos 20 años, tanto en volumen de producción como en calidad y visibilidad, convirtiéndose en la publicación de referencia del cuidado renal en el ámbito hispano-hablante.

Abstract Background Studies of hospital discharge data and large observational cohorts show that the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) varies by race. We sought to determine the incidence of VTE in each of the following ethnic groups Caucasians, Africans, Asians, and Hispanics. Methods A systematic literature search strategy was used to identify potential studies in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL using an OVID interface. The methodological quality of eligible studies was assessed according to Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The primary outcome measure was to identify the incidence/prevalence of VTE of each ethnic group available for the study in the context of a population based study. Results Out of 3418 potential studies, 19 met our inclusion criteria (Table). Of these, 9 studies were population based studies: 5 reported VTE incidence per 100,000 person-years (PY), 2 measured the standardized incidence ratio, and 2 European studies assessed VTE rate according to country of origin but not ethnicity (data not shown). In addition, 7 studies measured the hospital incidence rate of VTE, and 3 assessed VTE prevalence. Data could not be pooled due to marked heterogeneity including varied periods of study. VTE incidence per 100,000 PY was found to be between 162 and 439 in Caucasians, 143 and 746 in Africans, 3.2 and 16.6 in Asians. Hospital incidence of VTE per 100,000 PY was found to be between 21 and 131 in Caucasians, 22 and 155 in Africans, 2 and 26 in Asians, 33.1 and 71 in American Indians/Alaskan Indians, and 9 in Hispanics. Conclusions Our findings suggest a wide variation in reported incidence rates for VTE among different ethnic groups, even within the same group. In general, studies in Asian populations suggest a lower incidence of VTE. A marked heterogeneity of study designs, population settings prevent drawing firm conclusions. A significant risk of bias cannot be excluded for several studies. Further studies assessing concurrently the risk of VTE among different ethnicities in the same geographical area are needed. Table 1. Summary of the included studies. Study Country Time Period f/u duration Sample size VTE incidence /Prevalence (95% CI) Zakai, 2014 US 439,090 person year 51,149 Zakai: ARIC US 1987-1996 15,792 (I) Cauc.: 166 (1.48-1.86) Afr.: 259 (2.21-3.03) Zakai: CHS US 1989-1997 5,888 (I) Cauc.: 439 (3.13-6.16) Afr.: 746 (4.68-11.90) Zakai: REGARDS, Southeast area US 2003-2007 30,239 (I) Cauc.: 162 (1.26-2.07) Afr.: 224 (1.72-2.92) Zakai: REGARDS, Rest of US US 2003-2007 30,239 (I) Cauc.: 205 (1.58-2.66) Afr.: 143 (1.02-2.00) Deitelzweig, 2010 US 2002 46,652 (P) per 100,000 persons Cauc.: M 457, F NA Afr.: M 584, F NA Hisp.: M 94, F 93 Others: M 329, F 345 2005 46,652 (P) per 100,000 persons Cauc.: M 643, F 446 Afr.: M 784, F 444 Hisp.: M 149, F 154 Others: M 285, F 297 DeMonaco, 2008 US 1997 37,892 (HI) Cauc.: 44 Afr.: 53 2001 37,892 (HI) Cauc.: 56 Afr.: 60 Heit, 2010 US 2003-2009 2,397 (P) N(%) Cauc.: Total= 1381 (69) Afr.: Total=272 (69) N(%) Cauc.: VTE = 551 (27) Afr.: VTE = 75 (19) Hooper, 2003 US 1980-1996 (HI) American Indians/Alaskan Indians: 33.1 Jang, 2011 Korea 2004 (I) Asians: VTE: 8.83, DVT: 3.91, PE: 3.74 2008 (I) Asians: VTE: 13.8, DVT: 5.31 , PE: 7.01 Kitamukai, 2003 Japan 2000 (I) Asians: 3.2 (29.2-33.9) Klatsky, 2000 US 1978-1994 1,822,302 total person years 128,934 (HI) Cauc.: 21 Afr.: 22 Asians: 2 Hisp.: 9 Others (unspecified): 15 Lee, 2010 Taiwan 2001 & 2002 11,566 person year Crude Incidence per 100,000 person year: Asians: VTE=15.9 Liu, 2002 China 1997-2000 (I) Asians: 16.6 Sakuma, 2009 Japan 2006 (I) Asians: PE= 6.19 (51.7- 72.1) DVT= 11.5 (98.2-132.9) Schneider, 2006 US 1998-2000 (HI) Cauc.: M 36.47 ; F 37.96 Afr.: M 53.64 ; F 61.53 Stein, Am J Med. 2004 US 1990-1999 (HI) Cauc.: VTE= 122 Afr.: VTE= 134 Asians: VTE= 23 Stein, Arch Intern Med. 2004 US 1996-2001 (HI) Cauc.: 131 Afr.: 155 American Indians and Alaskan Indians: 71 Tan, 2007 Singa-pore 1998-2001 271 pairs of cases and controls (P) N(%) Asians: 32.1% (29.0-35.3) White, 2005 US 1996 21,002 (SIR): Cauc.: 103 (101-105) Afr.: 138 (132-145) Asians: 29 (27-32) Hisp.: 61 (59-64) Others: 72 (65-80) White, 1998 US 1991-1994 17991 (SIR): Cauc.: 23 Afr.: 29.3 Asians: 6 Hisp.: 13.9 Abbreviations. f/u: follow up; CI: confidence interval; (I): incidence per 100,000 PY; (P): prevalence; (HI): Hospital Incidence per 100,000 PY; (SIR): Standardized Incidence Rate; M:male; F: female; N: total number. Cauc. Caucasians, Afr. Africans, Hisp. hispanics Disclosures Lazo-Langner: Pfizer: Honoraria; Bayer: Honoraria.

In the last few decades, the studies in second language acquisition have not answered the question what mechanisms a human’s brain uses to make acquisition of language(s) possible. A neurocognitive model which tries to address SLA from such a perspective was suggested by Ullman (2005; 2015), according to which, “both first and second languages are acquired and processed by well-studied brain systems that are known to subserve particular nonlanguage functions” (Ullman, 2005: 141). The brain systems in question have analogous roles in their language and nonlanguage functions. This article is meant to critically analyse the suggested DP model within the context of neurocognitive studies of L2; and evaluate its contribution to the field of SLA studies. References Aboitiz, F. (1995). Working memory networks and the origin of language areas in the human brain. Medical Hypothesis, 25, 504-506. Aboitiz, F. & Garcia, R. (1977). The anatomy of language revisited. 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Braun, L. C., Gillman, J. H., Hoover, E. E. and Russelle, M. P. 2011. Nitrogen fertilization for new plantings of hybrid hazelnuts in the Upper Midwest of the United States of America. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 773–782. Seed-propagated hybrids of Corylus avellana and C. americana are a potential crop for the Upper Midwest. Current N recommendations for hazelnuts are based on research on clonally propagated C. avellana in Oregon and may not be applicable in the Upper Midwest due to differing soils, climate, and plant genetics. We established three field plots in 2003 to test N fertilization rates on new plantings, with rates up to 33 g N plant−1 as ammonium nitrate applied annually in the spring, starting 2 wk after transplanting. We observed a strong negative linear effect of N rate on plant survival. In the second year we added trials on same-aged plants that had not previously been fertilized and found no N effect on survival. We concluded that waiting 1 yr after transplanting before fertilizing increases plant survival, but even then N requirements during establishment years are very low for hybrid hazelnuts. Standard leaf N concentrations for C. avellana in Oregon are roughly applicable to hybrid hazelnuts, except that the threshold between deficiency and sufficiency should be raised slightly to 1.9% N. The current threshold between deficient and sufficient, 2.2%, should be regarded as a target, rather than as a threshold to be exceeded.

The studies were carried out with the aim of biological substantiation of a decrease in Y-virus reinfection during the reproduction of seed potatoes with a low degree of infection. The experiments were carried out in 2001-2006 in Laishevskiy district of the Republic of Tatarstan. In 2001-2003 and 2002-2004 the total vector activity of aphids for three years was 393 and 310 equivalent units, respectively, the degree of infestation at the final stage reached 45.8 and 20.8%. In 2003-2005 and 2004-2006 the total vector activity of aphids for three years was higher than in previous cycles by 2.0 ... 2.5 times (785 and 610 equivalent units, respectively), but the degree of infestation at the final stage was only 4.1% and 1, 7%. For the first time, a calculation formula was obtained and the distances between diseased potato plants were specified, depending on the degree of contamination of the seed material. With a planting density of 55 thousand plants/ha, the formula takes the following form: , where у is the distance between infected plants, meter; х is the degree of infection with the virus (х > 0), %. The relationship between the degree of planting infestation and the distance between diseased plants is inversely proportional, graphically it is a hyperbole. The dynamics of changes in the distance between infected plants was traced with a decrease in infection from 100% to close to zero values. It was revealed that the 1% level of infection is critical. With an increase in infestation from 1 to 100%, the distance between diseased plants decreases from 4.26 to 0.42 m, which is a small distance for winged aphids to overcome. A decrease in infestation from 1% to close to zero value may lead to an increase in the distance between diseased plants from 4.26 m to theoretically infinite. Seed material, with close to zero infection, is safe to reproduce for a long time without the risk of rapid reinfection, due to the significant distance for vectors between sources of infection and a decrease in the participation of most aphids in the transmission of viruses. The results obtained formed the basis for the potato seed-growing system and the technology for protecting seed potatoes from reinfection with the Y-virus in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan

Introduction: Injuries from the athlete’s hand are frequent. We present 2 clinical cases: Stener injury and traumatic dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb. The “skier’s thumb” is an injury to the ulnar collateral ligament of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb produced by abduction and hyperextension of the thumb. Dorsal dislocation of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) in children is a rare entity. There are three types of dislocation: incomplete, simple and complete complete complex. Methods: Presentation of 2 clinical cases of injuries of the athlete’s hand: Stener injury and traumatic dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb. Retrospective descriptive method with reports of clinical cases based on patients’ electronic clinical processes. Results: CASE 1: Male 11 years old, put into service urgency by hand trauma during football match. He had pain and swelling at the ulnar rim of the joint of the first metacarpal-phalangeal joint. Radiogram unchanged. Coping with clinical suspicion was carried out ray under stress (radial deviation) showed that this instability of the joint. Ultrasonography confirmed complete rupture of the ulnar side of the attachment with the aponeurosis interposition of the adductor - stener lesion. Surgery decided. Focus through internal and distal reinsertion. 4 weeks immobilization period, followed by a return to activities of daily living. At the last visit, at 6 months after the operation there was no residual instability. CASE 2: Seven-year-old boy put into service urgency for thumb injury in hyperextension during football match. The objective examination shows hyperextension deformity of MCF. The radiological study confirmed complete MCF dorsal joint dislocation diagnosis of the thumb joint. A closed reduction procedure under sedation, by McLaughlin corset technique. Immobilization was performed for two weeks. At six weeks he was asymptomatic, with normal mobilities, symmetrical grip and clamp strength without instability or radiographic changes. Discussion/Conclusion: Lesion of the ulnar side ligament is a possible diagnosis of the pediatric age, even without associated withdrawal. Proper clinical observation and x-rays provide supplemented by ultrasound, often all the information necessary for diagnosis and therapeutic decision. The low frequency relevance of pediatric Stener injuries can damage your diagnosis of the emergency situation. In this clinical case, it is possible to detect this damage. The dislocations dorsal joint MCP thumb are more frequent than flying, lesional mechanism involving the traumatic hyperextension of it. The diagnosis is based on clinical information supplemented by radiography, which allows the differentiation between complete and incomplete dislocations. A complete dislocation can not be reduced by maneuvering bloodless injury is complex and requires surgical treatment. The reduction technique involves MCF hyperextension and replacement of the base of the phalanx. Other gestures should be avoided, and axial traction, risk of joint injury structures, cartilage growth or conversion of a simple dislocation into complex, to determine the need for surgical intervention. After reducing the stability of the collateral ligaments should be evaluated, often directly damaged by trauma or inappropriate gestures reducing the reduction of multiple attempts. Lateral instability may benefit from surgical correction. References STENER, B.: “Displacement of the ruptured ulnar collateral ligament of the metacarpo-phalangeal joint of the thumb”. A clinical and anatomical study. J. Bone Jt. Surg. 44-B: 869, 1962. STENER, B.: “Hyperextension injuries to the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb. Rupture of ligaments, fracture of sesamoid bones, rupture of flexor pollicis brevis. An anatomical and clinic study”. Acta Chir. Scand. 125: 275, 1963. COONRAD, R.W., GOLDNER, J.L.: “A study of the pathological findings and treatment in soft-tissue injury of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint”. J. Bone Jt Surg. 59- A: 439, 1968. PARIKH, M., NAHIGIAN, S., FROIMSON, A.: “Gamekeeper’s thumb”. Plast. Reconstr, Surg. 58:24, 1976. STENER, B.: “Entorses récents de la métacarpophalangienne du pource”, en Traité de chirurgie de la main de Tubiana R. Tomo II, pág. 779. París, Masson, 1984. KAPLAN, E.B.: “The pathology and treatment of radial subluxation of the thumb with ulnar displacement of the head of the first metacarpal”. J. Bone Jt Surg. 43-A: 541, 1961. YAMANAKA, K., YOSHIDA, K., INOVE, A., MIYAGI, T.: “Locking of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thurnb”. J. Bone Jt Surg. 67-A: 782, 1985. NAVES, J., SALVADOR, A., PUIG, M.: “Traumatología del deporte”. Pág. 251. Salvat, Barcelona, 1986, SMITH, R.J.: “Post-traumatic instability of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb”. J. bone Jt Surg. 59-A: 14-21, 1977. Kasuaki M. Dorsal dislocations of the second to fifth carpometacarpal joints: a case report. Hand Surg 2008; 13(2): 129-132. Laforgia R, Specchiulli F, Mariani A. Dorsal dislocation of the fifth carpometacarpal joint. Hand Surg Am 1990; 15: 463-465. Gangloff D, Mansat P, Gaston A, Apredoaei C, Rongières M. Carpometacarpal dislocation of the fifth finger: descriptive study of 31 cases. Chir Main 2007; 26(4-5): 206-213. Epub 2007 Jul 16. Eichhorn-Sens J, Katzer A, Meenen NM, Rueger JM. Carpometacarpal dislocation injuries. Handchir, Mikrochir, Plast Chir 2001; 33(3): 189. Yoshida R, Shah MA, Patterson RM, Buford WL Jr, Knighten J, Viegas SF. Anatomy and pathomechanics of ring and small finger carpometacarpal joint injuries. J Hand Surg Am 2003; 28(6): 1035-1043.

The article is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Igor’ Evgenievich Mikhaltsev – oceanologist, Doctor of Technical Sciences (1970), Professor (1971), from 1989 to 2006 – Head of the Laboratory of Exploratory Technical Research of the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of Russian Academy of Sciences (IO RAS). Mikhaltsev – the creator of a new direction in technical oceanology – a comprehensive experimental study of ocean acoustics, including acoustic methods for studying the ocean, head of work on the creation and testing of manned research vehicles “Pisces” up to 2000 m (1970–1976) and manned vehicles “MIR” – up to 6000 m (1979–1987). Hero of Socialist Labor. The material was prepared on the basis of biographical data and photographs according to sources: IO RAS website https:// ocean.ru/index.php/component/k2/item/782-mikhaltsev-igor-evgenevich-1923-2010; Journal “Nostalgiya” No. 10, 2007. Article by I. Mikhaltsev “Science should be a hobby”. Also in this issue of our “Journal of Oceanological Research” you will find an article by I. E. Mikhaltsev himself, “Ocean research, technology, fleet: yesterday, today, tomorrow”.

All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries (ASSLBs) are a new generation of lithium batteries that is developed to meet high expectations in terms of safety, stability and high energy density. The liquid electrolyte of conventional Li-ion batteries is replaced in ASSLBs by a safer and more stable solid electrolyte (SE). These solid electrolytes must meet a number of requirements before they can be considered in ASSLBs, including a wide electrochemical stability window, a high ionic conductivity and a negligible electronic conductivity [1]. For a long time, researchers have focused on achieving the highest ionic conductivity possible on these materials, comparable to the one of liquid electrolytes. The ionic conductivity in SEs has been successfully increased by the introduction of defects (doping) and Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 and Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 solid electrolytes are both excellent examples of such achievement. However, the formation of defects can also have a significant effect on the SEs electronic conductivity [2],[ 3],[ 4]. Increasing the electronic conductivity in solid electrolytes is detrimental to the ASSLBs safety and integrity. Therefore, it is essential to understand the defect chemistry in SEs. Due to their negligible concentration, characterizing point defects is hardly possible using standard characterization techniques, justifying the need for first-principles calculations. In this work, we have investigated the defect chemistry of most common solid electrolytes (LixM2(PO4)3 (M = Zr, Ti, Ge, Al), Li7La3Zr2O12, LiLaTi2O6, Li10Ge(PS6)2, Li7P3S11, Li3PS4, Li3PO4 and LiPO3). For each SE, we computed the formation energies for intrinsic defects and assessed the dopability limits as a function of the synthesis conditions. We found that the position of the Fermi level and dopability limits depend strongly on lithium and oxygen/sulfur chemical potentials but also on the nature of the solid electrolyte. We advocate that it is imperative to better regulate the synthesis conditions if we want to gain control over the formation of defects in solid electrolytes. The outcoming properties of these materials, such as the ionic and electronic conductivities, depend on it. [1] N. Dudney. Springer. 2003, 624-642. [2] E. Zhao et al. J. Alloys Comp. 2019. 782, 384-391. [3] Y. Song et al. J. Mat. Chem. A. 2019, 7(40), 22898-22902. [4] Y. Shan et al. J. Power Sources. 1995, 54(2), 397-402.

Renal epoxygenase metabolites are involved in blood flow regulation and long-term blood pressure control. One feature of renal and cardiovascular diseases is the inability of the kidney to properly increase epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) levels. Others (Busse R, Edwards G, Félétou M, Fleming I, Vanhoutte PM, and Weston AH. Trends Phamacol Sci 23: 374–380, 2002; Campbell WB, Gebremedhin D, Pratt PF, and Harder DR. Circ Res 78: 415–423, 1996; Capdevila JH and Falck JR. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 285: 571–576, 2001; Roman RJ. Physiol Rev 82: 131–185, 2002; Zeldin DC. J Biol Chem 276: 36059–36062, 2001) and we (Imig JD, Falck JR, Wei S, and Capdevila JH. J Vasc Res 38: 247–255, 2001; Imig JD, Zhao X, Capdevila JH, Morisseau C, and Hammock BD. Hypertension 39: 690–694, 2002; Zhao X, Pollock DM, Inscho EW, Zeldin DC, and Imig JD. Hypertension 41: 709–714, 2003; Zhao X, Pollock DM, Zeldin DC, and Imig JD. Hypertension 42: 775–780, 2003) have provided compelling evidence that cytochrome P-450-derived EETs have antihypertensive properties and are endothelially derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs) in the kidney. EETs also possess anti-inflammatory actions that could protect the kidney vasculature from injury during renal and cardiovascular diseases. A tactic that has been used to increase EET levels has been inhibition of the soluble epoxide hydrolase enzyme. Epoxide hydrolase inhibitors have been demonstrated to be antihypertensive and renal protective. Thus the renal and cardiovascular protective actions of increasing epoxygenase levels could be translated to therapies for preventing end-organ damage.

The crystal structure of 0.06% Ce-doped SrMgF4, strontium magnesium tetrafluoride, reported by Ishizawa et al. [(2001), Acta Cryst. C57, 784–786] is shown to satisfy the structural criteria for ferroelectricity and to have a predicted Curie temperature T c ≃ l450 K. The estimated spontaneous polarization P s ≃ 11 × 10−2 C m−2 is consistent with classification as a two-dimensional ferroelectric in which minor Δx and major Δy, Δz atomic coordinate component displacements are required for ferroelectric switching.

Megophrys Kuhl and Van Hasselt are an Asian radiation of terrestrial frogs which are usually associated with montane forest (Mahony et al. 2017). The Annam horned frog (Megophrys intermedia) is reported from montane evergreen forest in Vietnam and Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Stuart 2005; Hendrix et al. 2008; Nguyen et al. 2009; Tran 2013; Orlov et al. 2015; IUCN 2017; Mahony et al. 2017). The IUCN Red List assessment for the species reports an elevational range of 782–1500 m asl (IUCN 2017) although the type locality was reported to be above 1500 m asl (Smith 1921), and Tran (2013) collected a specimen at 1515 m asl. Megophrys intermedia is assessed as Least Concern (IUCN 2017) and little is known about the reproductive behaviour and life history of the species. In Lam Dong Province (Vietnam), male M. intermedia call in March (Tran 2013); on the Langbian Plateau (Vietnam), male specimens are reported to call by day and by night from March to May and specimens called from within deep crevices between boulders in streams (Smith 1921); in Xe Kong Province (Laos), males call or guard egg clutches that are laid in water in July (Stuart 2005).

Исследование внутривидовой изменчивости трех функциональных признаков листьев: площади – LA, сухой массы – LDW и удельной площади – SLA показало их взаимообусловленность и зависимость значений признаков от благопритяности условий местообитания и антропогенной нагрузки. Анализ полученных данных исследования показал, что универсальные информационные показатели LA и LDW являются низкими в неблагоприятных и низкопродуктивных местообитаниях и более высокими при изобилии ресурсов в более продуктивных условиях существования. Полученные значения SLA видов растений, произрастающих в сообществах интенсивно эксплуатируемых пастбищ, часто имеют более высокие значения. Возможно, адаптация в условиях постоянного изъятия биомассы на сенокосах и пастбищах идет в первую очередь через сокращение массы листьев при сохранении листовой поверхности. 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miRNA are known as short RNA molecules that usually consist of 18 – 25 nucleotides and are considered as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression occurring in plants and animals [1]. Over 60% of all genes which encode proteins are controlled by miRNA [2]. miRNA is engaged in various processes including differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis as well as inflammation. Hence, they might be considered as potential biomarkers of diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular [3]. A huge challenge is the actual detection of miRNA because of their short length, low concentration and matrix interferences. The miRNA analysis can be performed with the following techniques such as real-time PCR, northern blotting and microarray [4-6]. However, the above mentioned techniques are rather sophisticated and are costly. An alternative could be the application of electrochemical techniques which are characterized with low detection limits, possibility of miniaturization and high sensitivity. In such a case miRNA could be detected using biosensors containing receptor layers formed of single-stranded DNA or PNA. Herein, we present the studies on the development of ssDNA/PNA – based receptor layers for the electrochemical analysis of miRNA 141, which is a biomarker of pancreatic cancer. Various receptor layers were tested including unlabelled ssDNA, methylene blue-labelled DNA as well as PNA-based. The formation of ssDNA/PNA receptor layer along with its binding to miRNA was confirmed using QCM and SPR techniques. The electrochemical studies revealed that it was not possible to obtain low detection limits for miRNA when MB-labelled ssDNA or PNA molecules were applied. On the contrary, detection limit of 10-4 nM was reached with the application of unlabelled ssDNA molecules. The further analysis showed the possibility of detection of point mutation in ssDNA or miRNA sequence as well as miRNA detection in spiked serum sample. Bibliography: [1] D. P. Bartel, Cell 116 (2004) 281–297 [2] A. Krek, D. Grun, M. N. Poy, R. Wolf, L. Rosenberg, E. J. Epstein, P. MacMenamin, I. da Piedade, K. C. Gunsalus, M. Stoffel, N. Rajewsky, N. Nat. Genet. 37 (2005) 495−500. [3] H. Hwang, J. T. Mendell, Br. J. Cancer 94 (2006) 776–780. [4] C. Chen, D. A. Ridzon, A. J. Broomer, Z. Zhou, D. H. Lee, J. T. Nguyen, M. Barbisin, N. L. Xu, V. R. Mahuvakar, M. R. Andersen, K. Q. Lao, K. J. Livak, K. J.Guegler, Nucleic Acids Res. 33 (2005) e179 [5] A. Valoczi, C. Hornyik, N. Varga, J. Burgyan, S. Kauppinen, Z. Havelda, Nucleic Acids Res. 32 (2004) e175 [6] A. M. Krichevsky, K. S. King, C. P. Donahue, K. Khrapko, K. S.Kosik, RNA 9 (2003) 1274−1281.

A total of 842 wild boar of differing ages, originating from 29 (37.7%) of the 77 districts in the Czech Republic, were examined during the hunting seasons from 2002 to 2005. Of them, 274 (32.5%) of the animals were wild specimens and 568 (67.5%) from game parks. Out of 786 animals, the following were included in the study: 668 piglets, 61 juveniles, 32 adult males and 25 adult females. A total of 2 704 samples from various tissues and faeces were examined: 309 separately collected faecal samples from 309 (36.7%) animals, 2 332 samples from various tissues and 63 faecal samples from 533 (63.3%) animals. Mycobacteria were isolated from 75 (8.9%) animals from 11 of the districts. Neither a causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, nor any other members of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex were isolated from any of the animals. From one (0.1%) animal, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis of IS900 RFLP type A-C10 was isolated from intestinal lymph nodes, which was also isolated within the same district during other studies of cattle and free living ruminants. The causative agent of avian tuberculosis, M. a. avium (IS901+ and IS1245+), was isolated from 7 (0.8%) animals; among them tuberculous lesions were detected in intestinal lymph nodes, with gross tuberculous lesions visible on two animals. The causative agent of avian mycobacteriosis M. a. hominissuis (IS901– and IS1245+) was detected in lymph nodes without gross lesions in one (0.1%) animal. From 45 (5.5%) animals without lesions, atypical mycobacteria of the following nine species were isolated from pulmonary lymph nodes, small and large intestine, intestinal mucosa and faeces: M. fortuitum, M. chelonae, M. scrofulaceum, M. triviale, M. terrae, M. phlei, M. abscessus, M. flavescens, and M. smegmatis. Due to a high density of wild boar and their large migration radius, they can be viewed as a potential source for mycobacterial infections as well as other infectious agents.

Abstract. Adequate estimation of the spatial distribution of snowfall is critical in hydrologic modelling. However, this is a well-known problem in estimating basin-scale snowfall, especially in mountainous basins with data scarcity. This study focuses on correction and estimation of this spatial distribution, which considers topographic effects within the basin. A method is proposed that optimises an altitude-based snowfall correction factor (Cfsnow). This is done through multi-objective calibration of a spatially distributed, multilayer energy and water balance-based snowmelt model (WEB-DHM-S) with observed discharge and remotely sensed snow cover data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The Shuffled Complex Evolution–University of Arizona (SCE–UA) automatic search algorithm is used to obtain the optimal value of Cfsnow for minimum cumulative error in discharge and snow cover simulations. Discharge error is quantified by Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and relative volume deviation, and snow cover error was estimated by pixel-by-pixel analysis. The study region is the heavily snow-fed Yagisawa Basin of the Upper Tone River in northeast Japan. First, the system was applied to one snow season (2002–2003), obtaining an optimised Cfsnow of 0.0007 m−1. For validation purposes, the optimised Cfsnow was implemented to correct snowfall in 2004, 2002 and 2001. Overall, the system was effective, implying improvements in correlation of simulated versus observed discharge and snow cover. The 4 yr mean of basin-average snowfall for the corrected spatial snowfall distribution was 1160 mm (780 mm before correction). Execution of sensitivity runs against other model input and parameters indicated that Cfsnow could be affected by uncertainty in shortwave radiation and setting of the threshold air temperature parameter. Our approach is suitable to correct snowfall and estimate its distribution in poorly gauged basins, where elevation dependence of snowfall amount is strong.

Abstract. Adequate estimation of the spatial distribution of snowfall is critical in hydrologic modeling. However, this is a well-known problem in estimating basin-scale snowfall, especially in mountainous basins with data scarcity. This study focuses on correction and estimation of this spatial distribution, which considers topographic effects within the basin. A method is proposed that optimizes an altitude-based snowfall correction factor (Cfsnow). This is done through multi-objective calibration of a spatially distributed, multilayer energy and water balance-based snowmelt model (WEB-DHM-S) with observed discharge and remotely sensed snow cover data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The Shuffled Complex Evolution – University of Arizona automatic search algorithm is used to obtain the optimal value of Cfsnow for minimum cumulative error in discharge and snow cover simulations. Discharge error is quantified by Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and relative volume deviation, and snow cover error was estimated by pixel-by-pixel analysis. The study region is the heavily snow-fed Yagisawa Basin of the Upper Tone River in northeast Japan. First, the system was applied to one snow season (2002–2003), obtaining an optimized Cfsnow of 0.0007 m−1. For validation purposes, the optimized Cfsnow was implemented to correct snowfall in 2004, 2002 and 2001. Overall, the system was effective, implying improvements in correlation of simulated vs. observed discharge and snow cover. The 4 yr mean of basin-average snowfall for the corrected spatial snowfall distribution was 1160 mm (780 mm before correction). Execution of sensitivity runs against other model input and parameters indicated that Cfsnow could be affected by uncertainty in shortwave radiation and setting of the threshold air temperature parameter. Our approach is suitable to correct snowfall and estimate its distribution in poorly-gauged basins, where elevation dependence of snowfall amount is strong.

RESUMENLa Tierra de Lemos es una comarca gallega del sur de la provincia de Lugo, heredera en lo sustantivo de un territorium y una terra medievales, a su vez continuadoras del solar protohistórico de los Lemaui. La continuidad en sus realidades permite el estudio de la evolución espiritual de sus células básicas de poblamiento: las parroquias. Las advocaciones, invariables en muchos casos, modificadas en otros, son así sillares en el edificio histórico del territorio. En este artículo estudiamos la evolución del listado de devociones titulares de las feligresías de Lemos a través de la documentación medieval, y la información que la estabilidad y los cambios nos pueden ofrecer. Palabras clave: parroquia, advocacionesTopónimos: Lemos, Lugo, GaliciaPeríodo: siglo vi, siglo xv ABSTRACTThe county of Lemos is a district located in the south of the province of Lugo. Its origins go back to protohistory when it was occupied by the Lemavi tribe, and it subsequently became a territorium and a terra in the Middle Ages. The county’s history is marked by continuity, which allows us to study the spiritual evolution of its parishes. The saints chosen by the community as its protectors are historic testimonials of the time. In this paper, we study the list of church parish devotions in Lemos through medieval documentation. Our objective is to improve our knowledge about this medieval county by studying both the stability and changes in its parish saints. Keywords: parish, advocationPlace names: Lemos, Lugo, GaliciaPeriod: 6th century, 15th century REFERENCIASAndrade Cernadas, J. 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García Rodríguez, C., El culto de los santos en la España romana y visigoda, Madrid, CSIC, 1966. González, T., Censo de población de las provincias y partidos de la Corona de Castilla en el siglo xvi: con varios apéndices, Madrid, Imprenta Real, 1829, https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/es/consulta/registro.cmd?id=7823 (Consulta: 1-04-2022).González Reboredo, X. M., Os santos titulares de parroquia en Galiza: pasado, presente e perspectivas de futuro, Santiago de Compostela, Sotelo Blanco, 2012. Ibáñez Beltrán, L. M., La villa de Monforte y la Tierra de Lemos en la Edad Media, tesis doctoral dirigida por F. López Alsina, Santiago de Compostela, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 2020.López Alsina, F., “La articulación de las unidades de organización social del espacio en Galicia durante la Edad Media: Villa, Parroquia, Terra”, en Sesma Muñoz, J. A. y Laliena Corbera, C. (coorda.), La pervivencia del concepto: Nuevas reflexiones sobre la ordenación social del espacio en la Edad Media, Zaragoza, Universidad de Zaragoza, 2008.— “Da protoparroquia ou parroquia antiga altomedieval á parroquia clásica en Galicia”, en García Pazos, F. (ed.), A parroquia en Galicia: pasado, presente e futuro, Santiago de Compostela, Xunta de Galicia, 2009, pp. 57-75. — “El Parrochiale Suevum y su presencia en las cartas pontificias del siglo xii”, en Herbers, K., Engel, F., y López Alsina, F. (eds.), Das begrenzte Papsttum: Spielräume päpstlichen Handelns, Legaten, delegierte Richter, Grenzen, Berlín, De Gruyter, 2013, pp. 105-118. López Sangil, J. L., Vidán Torreira, M., “El Tumbo Viejo de Lugo”, Estudios Mindonienses. Anuario de estudios histórico-teológicos de la Diócesis de Mondoñedo-Ferrol, 27 (2011), pp. 11-373. Lorenzo Vázquez, R., Colección documental do mosteiro de Montederramo, Santiago de Compostela, Consello da Cultura Galega, 2016, 3 vols. 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X., Documentos da catedral de Lugo, século xv, Santiago de Compostela, Consello da Cultura Galega, 2005. — Documentos da catedral de Lugo: século xiv, Santiago de Compostela, Consello da Cultura Galega, 2007, 2 vols. Rodríguez Fernández, C., La colección diplomática de San Vicente del Pino, Tesis doctoral dirigida por J. I. Fernández de Viana y Vieites, Granada, Universidad de Granada, Facultad de Filosofía y letras, 1990. Romaní Martínez, M. (dir.), Colección diplomática do mosteiro Cisterciense de Santa María de Oseira (Ourense), Santiago de Compostela, Tórculo Edicións, 1990-2008, 5 vols.Sáez Sánchez, E., Sáez, C., Colección diplomática del Monasterio de Celanova (842-1230), Alcalá de Henares, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, 1996-2006, 3 vols.Sánchez Pardo, J. C., “Topónimos y advocaciones: la información histórica en los nombres de las parroquias rurales gallegas”, Minius, 20 (2012), pp. 187-226. — “Organización eclesiástica y social en la Galicia tardoantigua. Una perspectiva geográfico-arqueológica del parroquial suevo”, Hispania Sacra, LXVI, 134 (2014), pp.439-480. Solano Fernández-Sordo, A., “Extra Archam: santa Eulalia en Oviedo. Viajes dereliquias, thesaurum y legitimación del poder”, Anuario de Historia de la Iglesia, 29 (2020), pp. 311-346. Stylow, A. U., “El culto a san Miguel en la Hispania visigoda: una revisión crítica”, en Guerra y rebelión en la Antigüedad Tardía: el siglo vii en España y su contexto mediterráneo, actas de los 4º y 5º Encuentros Internacionales Hispania en la Antigüedad Tardía, Alcalá de Henares, Universidad de Alcalá/Excmo. Ayuntamiento de Alcalá de Henares, 2005, pp. 213-224.Vázquez Saco, F., “Papeleta 76. Iglesia parroquial de San Pelagio de Diomonde”, Boletín de la Comisión Provincial de Monumentos de Lugo, II (1945), pp. 270-276.

Ruang esensinya adalah tempat manusia hidup dan beraktivitas. Namun tidak semua aktivitas dapat terakomodir karena setiap ruang dibatasi dengan fungsinya masing-masing. Bagi ruang pribadi keterbatasan ruang tersebut merupakan karakteristik utama bagi ruang itu sendiri sedangkan pada ruang publik yang memiliki berbagai macam aktivitas harus dapat menampung berbagai aktivitas di dalamnya. Untuk itulah perlu dilakukan kajian mengenai ruang publik terhadap permasalahan keterbatasan ruang yang sering ditemui. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan pendekatan kajian literatur. Ada beberapa literatur yang diambil dari beberapa ahli serta beberapa hasil penelitian dalam artikel jurnal untuk mendukung teori dan melihat kenyataan di lapangan. Pada akhir tulisan diambil suatu kesimpulan bahwa keterbatasan ruang publik terhadap berbagai macam aktivitas yang berlangsung di dalamnya dengan terbentuknya ruang bersama baik secara permanen maupun bergantian (waktu tertentu).Kata-kata Kunci: arsitektur, ruang publik, aktivitas, ruang bersamaURBAN PUBLIC SPACE STUDIES BETWEEN ACTIVITIES AND LIMITATIONSThe essence of space is a place where humans live and doing their activities. But not all activities can be accommodated because space is limited by their functions. For private space, space limitations are the main characteristics for space itself, while in public spaces that have various kinds of activities must be able to accommodate multiple activities in it. For this reason, a study of public space needs to be done on the problems of space limitations that are often encountered. This paper uses qualitative methods by conducting a literature review approach. There is some literature taken from several experts and several research results in the journal for support the theory and see the reality in the field. At the end of the writing, it was concluded that the limitations of the public space for various kinds of activities take place in it with the formation of shared spaces both permanently and alternately (certain times).Keywords: architecture, public space, activity, share spaceREFERENCESAgustapraja, H. R. (2018). Studi Pemetaan Perilaku (Behavioral Mapping) Pejalan Kaki Pada Pedesterian Alun-Alun Kota Lamongan. Civilla, 3(1), 134–139. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30736/cvl.v3i1.220Athanassiou, E. (2017). The Hybrid Landscape Of Public Space In Thessaloniki In The Context Of Crisis. Landscape Research, 42(7), 782–794. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2017.1372399Carr, J., & Dionisio, M. R. (2017). Flexible Spaces as a Third Way Forward for Planning Urban Shared Spaces. In Cities (pp. 73–82). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.06.009Carr, S., Francis, M., Rivlin, L. G., & Stone, A. M. (1992). Public Space. New York: Cambridge University Press.Farida, N. (2013). Effect of Outdoor Shared Spaces on Social Interraction in a Housing Estate in Algeria. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 2, 457–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2013.09.002Hakim, R., & Utomo, H. (2003). Komponen Perancangan Arsitektur Lansekap: Prinsip-Unsur dan Aplikasi Desain. Jakarta: Penerbit Bumi Aksara.Hanafiah, U. I. M., & Asharsinyo, D. F. (2017). Redefenisi Ruang Publik Pada Kampung Kreatif Pasundan. Studi Kasus: Koridor Tepian Sungai Cikapundung, RT 02 RW 04, Kelurahan Balonggede, Kecamatan Regol, Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat. Idealog, 2(2), 124–137. https://doi.org/10.25124/idealog.v2i2.1220Hantono, D. (2017). Pengaruh Ruang Publik Terhadap Kualitas Visual Jalan Kali Besar Jakarta. Arsitektura, 15(2), 532–540. https://doi.org/10.20961/arst.v15i2.15114Krier, R. (1979). Urban Space. New York: Rizzoli.Liem, Y., & Lake, R. C. (2018). Pemaknaan Ruang Terbuka Publik Taman Nostalgia Kota Kupang. Arteks, 2(2), 149–158. https://doi.org/10.30822/artk.v2i2.150Mulyandari, H. (2011). Pengantar Arsitektur Kota. (Oktaviani HS, Ed.) (1st ed.). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi.Murtini, T. W., & Wahyuningrum, S. H. (2017). Penggunaan Ruas Jalan Sebagai Pasar Tradisional Di Gang Baru Pecinan, Semarang. Modul, 17(1), 17–21. Retrieved from https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/modul/article/view/17246/12396Olesen, M., & Lassen, C. (2012). Restricted Mobilities: Access to, and Activities in, Public and Private Spaces. International Planning Studies, 17(3), 215–232. https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2012.704755Rapoport, A. (1990). The Meaning of the Built Environment: A Nonverbal Communication Approach (1st ed.). Arizona: University of Arizona Press.Rochimah, E., & Asriningpuri, H. (2018). Adaptasi Perilaku Pedagang Bazar Dalam Teritori Ruang Dagang. Nalars, 17(1), 21–28. https://doi.org/10.24853/nalars.17.1.21-28Salomon-Ayeh, B. E., King, R. S., & Decardi-Nelson, I. (2011). Street Vending and The Use of Urban Public Space in Kumasi, Ghana. Surveyor, 4(1), 20–31. Retrieved from http://dspace.knust.edu.gh/bitstream/123456789/3423/1/Surveyor Journal 3.pdfSantoso, J. T., Mustikawati, T., Suryasari, N., & Titisari, E. Y. (2016). Pola Aktivitas Wisata Belanja dI Kampung Wisata Keramik Dinoyo, Malang. Tesa Arsitektur, 14(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.24167/tes.v14i1.560Simpson, P. (2011). Street Performance And The City: Public Space, Sociality, And Intervening In The Everyday. Space and Culture, XX(X), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/1206331211412270Sudarisman, I. (2017). Kajian Pedagang Kaki Lima Di Taman Tegalega, Bandung, Jawa Barat. Arsir , 1(2), 161–174. Retrieved from http://jurnal.um-palembang.ac.id/arsir/article/view/867/769

Sigitas Ryliškis, Rimvaldas BrogaVilniaus universiteto Bendrosios ir plastinėschirurgijos, traumatologijos, ortopedijos klinika,Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinė ligoninė,Šiltnamių g. 29, LT-04130, VilniusEl. paštas ryls@one.lt Įvadas / tikslas Apžvelgus Lietuvoje išspausdintus medicinos žurnalus, nepavyko rasti straipsnių, nagrinėjančių žastikaulio išnirimus, todėl tenka vadovautis tik užsienio autorių duomenimis, kurie gali skirtis nuo mūsų. Darbo tikslas – išnagrinėti pirmojo priekinio žastikaulio išnirimo klinikinius atvejus Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinėje ligoninėje (VGPUL) ir ištirti pacientų demografiją, su žastikaulio išnirimais susijusią patologiją, vietinės nejautros veiksmingumą atitaisant žastikaulio išnirimus. Palyginti mūsų duomenis su kitų užsienio ligoninių duomenimis. Metodai ir medžiaga Tyrime naudota trejų metų klinikinė medžiaga, surinkta VGPUL traumatologijos punkte nuo 2000 01 01 iki 2002 12 31. Iš visų 886 išnirimų atrinkome 638 (72,0%) klinikinius atvejus, kai traumatologijos punkte buvo diagnozuotas ir atitaisytas pirmasis priekinis išnirimas. Visa informacija apie pacientus – demografiniai duomenys, atvykimo laikas, traumos laikas, su išnirimu susijusi patologija, klinikinė diagnozė, nuskausminimo metodas, – gauta išnagrinėjus asmens sveikatos istorijas (F-025/a). Rezultatai Vidutinis pacientų amžius buvo 57,92 metų. Vyresni negu 60 metų pacientai sudarė 49,2%. Vyrų ir moterų santykis buvo 1,31:1. Atskirai nagrinėdami išnirimus ir su jais susijusią patologiją nustatėme, kad paprastieji išnirimai sudarė 78,2%, išnirimai su žastikaulio didžiojo gumburo lūžiu – 19,9%, o išnirimai su sąnarinės duobės lūžiu – 1,4%. Hill-Sachs lūžiai ir sukamųjų raumenų sausgyslių plyšimai nediagnozuoti nė vienam pacientui. Diagnozuoti 73 (11,4%) nervų pažeidimo atvejai. Daugiausia išnirimų atitaisyta vietinės nejautros salygomis (89,1%). Vilniaus miesto gyventojai 2000 m. sudarė 87,86%, 2001 m. – 92,03%, o 2002 m. – 82,8% visų pacientų. Išvados Labai svarbu diagnozuoti ne vien išnirimą, bet ir kaulų lūžius, todėl išnirus žastikauliui visada reikia padaryti trijų krypčių (priekinę, šoninę ir ašinę) peties sąnario rentgenogramas. Nervų pažeidimams diagnozuoti nepakanka vien klinikinio ištyrimo. Intrasąnarinė lidokaino tirpalo injekcija yra saugus, veiksmingas ir pigus analgezijos metodas, kurį naudojant galima atitaisyti 89,1% visų išnirimų. Prasminiai žodžiai: trauminis pirmasis priekinis žastikaulio išnirimas Analysis of traumatic shoulder dislocations Sigitas Ryliškis, Rimvaldas Broga Background / objective We have too little information about shoulder dislocations in Lithuania, so we have to follow the data from foreign hospitals, which that may be different. The objective was to overview our cases with anterior first-time shoulder dislocations in Vilnius University Emergency Hospital and to investigate: 1) demographic data, 2) associated injuries, 3) the efficiency of local anesthesia. We compared our findings with those of foreign hospitals. Methods From all 886 anterior shoulder dislocations we choose 638 (72.0%) cases with first-time anterior shoulder dislocations treated at our institution for a three-year period between 01 01 2000 and 31 12 2002. All the information, i.e. demographic data, arrival to the hospital, time of injury, associated injuries, clinical diagnosis and type of anesthesia were collected from patient’s case history (F-025/a). Results We found that the average age of our patients was 57.92 years. There were 49.2% patients aged 60 or over at the time of injury. The male/female ratio was 1.31:1. We found that 78.2% of dislocations were not associated with bone fractures. Associated injuries: 1) greater tuberosity fracture (19.9%), 2) glenoid rim fracture (1.4%), 3) nerve injury (11.4%). We had neither Hill–Sachs fractures nor rotator cuff tears. We found that 89.1% of all dislocations were reduced with local analgesia. In 2000 87.86%, in 2001 92.86% and in 2002 82.8% of patients were Vilnius City inhabitants. Conclusions It is essential to confirm not only shoulder dislocation but also associated bone fractures. Routine X-ray views in three directions (anterior-posterior, lateral and axillary) must be taken for a patient with shoulder dislocation. Clinical examination alone is not enough to confirm nerve injuries after shoulder dislocation. Intra-articular lidocaine injection is an effective, safe and cheap method of analgesia. We found that 89.1% of all shoulder dislocations can be reduced successfully with local analgesia. Keywords: traumatic anterior first-time shoulder dislocation

AbstractIn this paper, we deal with the global existence and blow-up of solutions to a doubly degenerative parabolic system with nonlinear boundary conditions. By constructing various kinds of sub- and super-solutions and using the basic properties of M-matrix, we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for global existence of non-negative solutions, which extend the recent results of Zheng, Song and Jiang (S. N. Zheng, X. F. Song and Z. X. Jiang, Critical Fujita exponents for degenerate parabolic equations coupled via nonlinear boundary flux, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 298 (2004), 308–324), Xiang, Chen and Mu (Z. Y. Xiang, Q. Chen, C. L. Mu, Critical curves for degenerate parabolic equations coupled via nonlinear boundary flux, Appl. Math. Comput. 189 (2007), 549–559) and Zhou and Mu (J. Zhou and C. L Mu, On critical Fujita exponents for degenerate parabolic system coupled via nonlinear boundary flux, Pro. Edinb. Math. Soc. 51 (2008), 785–805) to more general equations.

During a five-year period (2000 to 2004) 74,342 pigs were tested by the intradermal tuberculin test in Croatia. Of them, 248 (0.33%) pigs were positive and 91 (0.12%) were found to be suspicious in 7 out of the 13 farms included in the study. Gross pathological changes characteristic of tuberculosis were observed in tuberculin-positive and/or suspicious swine. Mycobacterium was isolated from the lymph nodes of 183 out of 234 swine (78.2%). For better epidemiological understanding, isolates were typed by conventional methods, PCR and hybridisation. The results show that most of the isolates belonged to the Mycobacterium avium complex (175 isolates, 95.7%). Other isolates belonged to M. fortuitum (6 isolates, 3.3%), M. chelonae (1 isolate, 0.5%), and M. peregrinum (1 isolate, 0.5%). Isolated strains of the M. avium complex were identified as M. a. avium (37 isolates, 21.1%) and M. a. hominissuis (138 isolates, 78.9%).

ABSTRACT The FoxO forkhead transcription factors FoxO4 (AFX), FoxO3a (FKHR.L1), and FoxO1a (FKHR) represent important physiological targets of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB) signaling. Overexpression or conditional activation of FoxO factors is able to antagonize many responses to constitutive PI3K/PKB activation including its effect on cellular proliferation. It was previously shown that the FoxO-induced cell cycle arrest is partially mediated by enhanced transcription and protein expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27kip1 (R. H. Medema, G. J. Kops, J. L. Bos, and B. M. Burgering, Nature 404:782-787, 2000). Here we have identified a p27kip1-independent mechanism that plays an important role in the antiproliferative effect of FoxO factors. Forced expression or conditional activation of FoxO factors leads to reduced protein expression of the D-type cyclins D1 and D2 and is associated with an impaired capacity of CDK4 to phosphorylate and inactivate the S-phase repressor pRb. Downregulation of D-type cyclins involves a transcriptional repression mechanism and does not require p27kip1 function. Ectopic expression of cyclin D1 can partially overcome FoxO factor-induced cell cycle arrest, demonstrating that downregulation of D-type cyclins represents a physiologically relevant mechanism of FoxO-induced cell cycle inhibition.

RESUMEN:El objetivo del artículo es aproximarnos a la controvertida biografía del comisario Manuel Brabo Portillo. El trabajo está basado en fuentes primarias y secundarias. El método utilizado es empírico. En el imaginario del mundo sindicalista revolucionario, Brabo Portillo era el policía más odiado, la reencarnación de la cara más turbia del Estado. Fue, así mismo, un espía alemán relacionado con el hundimiento de barcos españoles, el asesinato del empresario e ingeniero Barret y el primer jefe de los terroristas vinculados a la patronal barcelonesa. La conflictividad que afectó a España en el período de la Primera Guerra Mundial es fundamental para entender los orígenes del terrorismo vinculado al pistolerismo, que marcó la historia político social española del primer tercio del siglo XX.PALABRAS CLAVE: Brabo Portillo, pistolerismo, espionaje, sindicalismo, Primera Guerra Mundial.ABSTRACT:The objective of the article is an approach to the controversial biography of Police Chief Manuel Brabo Portillo. The work is based on primary and secondary sources. The method used is empirical. In the imagery of the revolutionary syndicalist world, Brabo Portillo was the most hated policeman, the reincarnation of the murkiest face of the state. He was also a German spy connected with the sinking of Spanish ships, the murder of businessman and engineer Josep Barret and the first head of the terrorists linked to Barcelona employers. The conflict that affected Spain during the period of the First World War is fundamental in order to understand the origins of terrorism linked to pistolerismo, which marked Spanish social political history during the first third of the twentieth century.KEY WORDS: Brabo Portillo, pistolerismo, espionage, syndicalism, First World War. BIBLIOGRAFÍAAisa, M., La efervescencia social de los años 20. Barcelona 1917-1923, Barcelona, Descontrol, 2016.Aguirre de Cárcer, N., La neutralidad de España durante la Primera Guerra Mundial (1914-1918). I. Bélgica, Madrid, Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, 1995.Alonso, G., “’Afectos caprichosos’: Tradicionalismo y germanofilia en España durante la Gran Guerra”, Hispania Nova, 15, 2017, pp. 394-415.Amador, A., El Terror blanco en Barcelona. Las bombas y los atentados personales. Actuación infernal de una banda de asesinos al servicio de la burguesía. El asesinato como una industria, Tarragona, Talleres gráf. 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RESUMENDe entre todos los objetos, tiempos, espacios, palabras y seres que componen el mundo físico, algunos están investidos de un valor especial por cuanto se les atribuye la virtud de visibilizar las instancias invisibles de las que dependemos los mortales. Es lo sagrado. A lo sagrado se le depara un trato singular hecho de respeto, veneración o miedo, pero en ocasiones también de rencor y de odio por lo que encarna o representa. Es adorado, pero también, y acaso por las mismas razones, puede ser insultado, destruido, objeto de burla y, si tiene forma humana, martirizado o asesinado. La violencia contra lo sagrado puede caber en sistemas religiosos que le otorgan a la agresión un papel central en su universo mítico o ritual. También se ofende u agrede lo santo para grupos o pueblos a someter, puesto que en ello está resumido su orden del mundo. Desde esta perspectiva, el agravio, la irreverencia y el daño pasan a reclamar un lugar protagonista en los estudios sobre la institución religiosa de la cultura bajo las figuras del sacrilegio y la profanación.PALABRAS CLAVE: sagrado, profanación, sacrilegio, violencia religiosa, iconoclastia.ABSTRACTOf all the objects, times, spaces, words and beings that make up the physical world, some are invested with a special value because they are attributed the virtue of making visible the invisible instances on which we mortals depend. This is the sacred. The sacred is given a singular treatment combining respect, veneration or fear, but sometimes also resentment and hatred of what it embodies or represents. It is adored, but also, and perhaps for the same reasons, it can be insulted,destroyed, mocked and, if it has a human form, martyred or killed. Violence against the sacred can fit into religious systems that give aggression a central role in their mythical or ritual universe. 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Summer blooms of potentially harmful cyanobacteria are common in the Baltic Sea. Under clear sky conditions, the cyanobacterial blooms are easily detectable from space. We propose a new regional algorithm for cyanobacteria biomass estimation from satellite data in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland, developed on the basis of field measurements in July–August 2012–2014. The multi-regression equation defines the cyanobacteria biomass as a function of the particle backscattering coefficient and chlorophyll concentration. The use of this equation provides the best performance in comparison to the linear one, which is reflected in both R2 and RMSE values (0.61 and 272 mg m−3 respectively). Unlike other algorithms, which determine only the cyanobacteria bloom area in the Baltic Sea, our algorithm allows the determination of both a bloom area and its intensity. Considering the algorithm errors, the bloom detection threshold has been shifted from the 200 mg m−3 determined by biologists to 300 mg m−3. Based on data from the MODIS-Aqua satellite ocean color scanner, the spatial and temporal variability of cyanobacterial blooms in this region from 2003 to 2022 was analyzed. Significant interannual variability of cyanobacteria biomass was revealed in the central part of the studied region, with minimum values in 2014 and maximum in 2004. The record bloom during the studied period occurred in July 2004 (the average cyanobacteria biomass was 780 mg m−3). The weakest blooms were observed in 2009, 2010, and 2014, when both in July and August, the bloom areas did not exceed 30% of the study region.

Synectin (GIPC1), a receptor scaffold protein, has been isolated by our laboratory as a syndecan-4 cytoplasmic domain binding partner that regulates important aspects of cell motility (Gao Y, Li M, Chen W, Simons M. J Cell Physiol 184: 373–379, 2000; Tkachenko E, Elfenbein A, Tirziu D, Simons M. Circ Res 98: 1398–1404, 2006). Moreover, synectin plays a major role in arterial morphogenesis and in growth factor signaling in arterial endothelial cells by regulating Rac1 activity (Chittenden TW, Claes F, Lanahan AA, Autiero M, Palac RT, Tkachenko EV, Elfenbein A, Ruiz de Almodovar C, Dedkov E, Tomanek R, Li W, Westmore M, Singh J, Horowitz A, Mulligan-Kehoe MJ, Moodie KL, Zhuang ZW, Carmeliet P, Simons M. Dev Cell 10: 783–795, 2006). The present study was carried out to characterize changes in synectin-dependent gene expression induced by homozygous disruption of the gene in endothelial cells. Using a combination of suppression subtraction hybridization and high throughput microarray technology, we have identified aberrant biological processes of transcriptional regulation in synectin−/− primary endothelial cells including abnormal basal regulation of genes associated with development, cell organization and biogenesis, intracellular tracking, and cell adhesion. Analysis of gene expression following FGF2 treatment demonstrated significant abnormalities in transcription, cytoskeletal organization and biogenesis, and protein modification and transport in synectin−/− compared with synectin+/+ endothelial cells. These results confirm synectin involvement in FGF2-dependent signal transduction and provide insights into synectin-dependent gene expression in the endothelium.

It has been accepted for half a century that, for a given level of activation, the steady-state isometric force of a muscle sarcomere depends exclusively on the amount of overlap between the contractile filaments actin and myosin, or equivalently sarcomere length (Gordon AM et al., J Physiol 184: 170–192, 1966). Moreover, according to the generally accepted paradigm of muscle contraction, the cross-bridge theory (Huxley AF, Prog Biophys Biophys Chem 7: 255–318, 1957), this steady-state isometric sarcomere force is independent of the muscle's contractile history (Huxley AF, Prog Biophys Biophys Chem 7: 255–318, 1957; Walcott S and Herzog W, Math Biosci 216: 172–186, 2008); i.e., it is independent of whether a muscle is held at a constant length before and during the contraction or whether the muscle is shortened or lengthened to the same constant length. This, however, is not the case, as muscles and single fibers that are stretched show greatly increased steady-state isometric forces compared with preparations that are held at a constant length (Abbott BC and Aubert XM, J Physiol 117: 77–86, 1952; De Ruiter CJ et al., J Physiol 526.3: 671–681, 2000; Edman KAP et al., J Physiol 281: 139–155, 1978; Edman KAP et al., J Gen Physiol 80: 769–784, 1982; Edman KAP and Tsuchiya T, J Physiol 490.1: 191–205, 1996). This so-called “residual force enhancement” (Edman KAP et al., J Gen Physiol 80: 769–784, 1982) offers a perplexing puzzle for muscle physiologists. Many theories have been advanced to address the discrepancy between prediction and observation with the most popular and accepted being the sarcomere length nonuniformity theory (Morgan DL, Biophys J 57: 209–221, 1990), which explains the residual force enhancement with the development of large nonuniformities in sarcomere lengths during muscle stretching. Here, we performed experiments in mechanically isolated sarcomeres and observed that the residual force enhancement following active stretching is preserved. Since our preparation utilizes a single sarcomere, a redistribution of the length of neighboring sarcomeres to produce the higher force following stretch is, by design, precluded. Furthermore, the enhanced forces in the single sarcomeres always exceed the isometric forces on the plateau of the force-length relationship, thereby eliminating the possibility that our result might have been obtained because of a redistribution of half-sarcomere lengths. Since force enhancement in single myofibrils has been associated with actin-titin interactions (Kulke M et al., Circ Res 89: 874–881, 2001; Li Q et al., Biophys J 69: 1508–1518, 1995) and calcium binding to titin (Joumaa V et al., Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 294: C74–C78, 2008; Labeit D et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100: 13716–13721, 2003), titin may regulate the sarcomeric force enhancement observed here.

Can Gio mangrove forest (CGM) is located downstream of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), situated between an estuarine system of Dong Nai - Sai Gon river and a part of Vam Co river. The CGM is the largest restored mangrove forest in Vietnam and the UNESCO’s Mangrove Biosphere Reserve. The CGM has been gradually facing to numeric challenges of global climate change, environmental degradation and socio-economic development for the last decades. To evaluate sediment quality in the CGM, we collected 13 cores to analyze for sediment grain size, organic matter content, and trace element concentration of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn. Results showed that trace element concentrations ranged from uncontaminated (Cd, Cu, and Zn) to very minor contaminated (Cr, Ni, and Pb). The concentrations were gradually influenced by suspended particle size and the mangrove plants.ReferencesAnh M.T., Chi D.H., Vinh N.N., Loan T.T., Triet L.M., Slootenb K.B.-V., Tarradellas J., 2003. 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Purpose:The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of high-level competition on salivary free cortisol, countermovement jump (CMJ), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and the relationships between these fatigue indicators in a group of elite middle- and long-distance runners.Method:The salivary free cortisol levels and CMJ height of 10 high-level middle- and long-distance runners (7 men, 3 women; age 27.6 ± 5.1y) competing in 800-m, 1500-m, 3000-m, or 5000-m events in the 2013 Spanish National Championships were measured throughout a 4-wk baseline period, then again before and after their respective races on the day of the competition. Athletes’ RPE was also measured after their races.Results:Cortisol increased significantly after the race compared with the value measured 90 min before the race (+98.3%, g = 0.82, P < .05), while CMJ height decreased significantly after the race (–3.9%, g = 0.34, P < .05). The decrease in CMJ height after the race correlates significantly with the postcompetition cortisol increase (r = .782, P < .05) and the RPE assessment (r = .762, P < .01).Conclusions:Observed differences in CMJ height correlate significantly with salivary free cortisol levels and RPE of middle- and long-distance runners. These results show the suitability of the CMJ for monitoring multifactorial competition responses in high-level middle- and long-distance runners.

Исследованием термооксидирования фосфида индия под воздействием фосфата висмута, вводимого через газовую фазу, установлено ускоряющее воздействие фосфата висмута на процесс формирования пленок. Величина ускорения составляет от 1.5 до 2 раз, и максимальный прирост пленки достигается в первые 10 мин оксидирования. Определяющим процессом является образование фосфата индия за счет вторичного взаимодействия оксидных форм компонентов подложки, лимитируемое диффузией оксидов в твердой фазе. Методами инфракрасной спектроскопии, локального рентгеноспектрального микроанализа и рентгенофазового анализа установлен состав пленок на поверхности InP, основными компонентами которого являются различные фосфаты индия REFERENCES Wager J. F., Wilmsen C. W. Thermal oxidation of InP. Appl. Phys., 1980, v. 51(1), pp. 812–814. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.327302 Yamaguchi M., Ando K. Thermal oxidation of InP and properties of oxide fi lm. Appl. Phys., 1980, v. 5(9), pp. 5007–5012. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3283803. Mittova I. Ya., Borzakova G. V., Terekhov V. A., Mittov O. N, Pshestanchik V. R., Kashkarov V. M. Growth of own oxide layers on indium phosphide. Izvestija AN SSSR. Serija Neorganicheskie Materialy [News of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Series Inorganic Materials], 1991, v. 27(10), pp. 2047–2051. (in Russ.) Mittova I. Ya., Borzakova G. V., Terekhov V. A., Mittov O. N, Pshestanchik V. R., Kashkarov V. M. Growth of own oxide layers on indium phosphide. Izvestija AN SSSR. Serija Neorganicheskie Materialy [News of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Series Inorganic Materials], 1991, v. 27(10), pp. 2047–2051. (in Russ.) Minaychev V. Ye. Naneseniye plonok v vakuume. [Film deposition in vacuum]. Moscow, Vyssh. Shkola Publ., 1989, 130 p. (in Russ.) Nikitin M. M. Tekhnologiya i oborudovaniye vakuumnogo napyleniya [Technology and equipment for vacuum deposition]. Moscow, Metallurgiya Publ., 1992, 112 p. (in Russ.) Veselov A. A., Veselov A. G., Vysotsky S. L., Dzhumaliyev A. S., Filimonov Yu. A. Magnetic properties of thermally deposited Fe/GaAs (100) thin fi lms. J Technical Physics, 2002, v. 47(8), pp. 1067–1070. https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1501694 Danilin B. S. Magnetronnyye raspylitel’nyye sistemy [Magnetron Spray Systems]. Moscow, Radio i svyaz’ Publ., 1982, 72 p. Pulver D., Wilmsen C.W. Thermal oxides of In0.5Ga0.5P and In0.5Al0.5P. Vac. Sci. Technol. B., 2001, v. 19(1), pp. 207–214. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1342008 Punkkinen M. P. J., Laukkanen P., Lеng J., Kuzmin M., Tuominen M., Tuominen V., Dahl J., Pessa M., Guina M., Kokko K., Sadowski J., Johansson B., Väyrynen I. J., Vitos L. Oxidized In-containing III–V(100) surfaces: Formation of crystalline oxide fi lms and semiconductor-oxide interfaces. Physical review, 2011, v. 83(19), pp. 195–329. https://doi.org/10.1103/Phys-RevB.83.195329 Sladkopevtsev B. V., Tomina E. V., Mittova I. Ya., Dontsov A. I., Pelipenko D. I. On the thermal oxidation of VxOy–InP heterostructures formed by the centrifugation of vanadium (V) oxide gel. Journal of Surface Investigation. X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques, 2016, v. 10(2), pp. 335–340. https://doi.org/10.1134/S102745101602018X Ningyi Y. Comparison of VO2 thin fi lms prepared by inorganic sol-gel and IBED methods. Appl. Phys. A., 2003, v. 78. pp. 777–780. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-002-2057-5 Herman M. A., Sitter H. Epitaxy: Fundamentals and Current Status. Heidelberg, Springer Science & Business Media, 2013, 382 p. Manijeh R. The MOCVD Challenge: A survey of GaInAsP–InP and GaInAsP–GaAs for photonic and electronic device applications. Boca Raton, CRC Press, 2010, 799 p. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781439807002 Mittova Ya. Multichannel reactions in chemostimulated oxidation of semiconductors – transit, conjugation, catalysis. Vestnik VGU. Serija: Himija, biologija [Bulletin of the VSU. Series: Chemistry, Biology], 2000, 2, pp. 5–12. (in Russ.) Mittova Ya. Infl uence of the physicochemical nature of chemical stimulators and the way they are introduced into a system on the mechanism of the thermal oxidation of GaAs and InP. Inorganic Materials, 2014, V. 50(9), pp. 874–881. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168514090088. Brauer G. A. Rukovodstvo po neorganicheskomu sintezu [Inorganic Synthesis Guide]. Moscow, Khimiya Publ., 1985, 360 с. (in Russ.) Nakamoto K. Infared and Raman Spectra of Inorganic and Coordination Compounds. New York, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1986, 335 p. Atlas IK-spektrov fosfatov [Atlas IR spectra of phosphates]. by R.YA. Mel’nikovoy. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1985, 235 p. (in Russ.) Brandon D., Kaplan W. Microstructural Characterization of Materials. 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2008, 536 p. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470727133 International Center for Diffraction Data. 21. X-ray diffraction date cards, ASTM. X-ray diffraction date cards, ASTM. Kazenas B.K. Termodinamika ispareniya dvoynykh oksidov. [Thermodynamics of double oxide evaporation]. Мoscow, Nauka Publ., 2004, 551 p. (in Russ.)

OBJETIVO: Determinar o perfil de resistência a drogas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul no período entre 2000 e 2006. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo de casos notificados de tuberculose no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, com cultura positiva para M. tuberculosis e testes de sensibilidade a rifampicina, isoniazida, estreptomicina e etambutol. Para as culturas, utilizaram-se os meios sólidos Löwenstein-Jensen e Ogawa-Kudoh, assim como um sistema automatizado com meio líquido; para os testes de sensibilidade, o método das proporções. RESULTADOS: De 783 casos, 69,7% eram de pacientes masculinos, na faixa etária de 20-49 anos (70%), com forma pulmonar (94,4%) e sorologia positiva para HIV (8,6%); 645 (82,4%) eram casos novos, e 138 (17,6%) eram casos tratados. Identificou-se qualquer resistência em 143 casos (18,3%). A taxa de resistência primária (RP) foi, respectivamente, 8,1%, 1,6%, 2,8% e 12,4%, para monorresistência, multirresistência (MR), outros padrões de associação de drogas e qualquer resistência, ao passo que a taxa de resistência adquirida (RA) foi, respectivamente, 14,5%, 20,3%, 10,9% e 45,7%, e a taxa de resistência combinada (RC) foi, respectivamente, 9,2%, 4,9%, 4,2% e 18,3%. A estreptomicina foi a droga mais comum na RP (3,4%), e a isoniazida foi a mais comum na RA e RC (7,2% e 3,7%, respectivamente). CONCLUSÕES: Os níveis de resistência são elevados, prejudicando o controle da tuberculose em Mato Grosso do Sul. A MR adquirida, 12,7 vezes superior à MR primária, evidencia o uso prévio de medicamentos como indicativo de resistência. Os níveis refletem a fragilidade da atenção ao doente, mostrando a importância do tratamento diretamente observado, assim como das culturas e testes de sensibilidade para o diagnóstico precoce da resistência.

ABSTRACT The gammaproteobacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila is a blood pathogen of insects that requires the CpxRA signal transduction system for full virulence (E. E. Herbert et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73:7826-7836, 2007). We show here that the ΔcpxR1 mutant has altered localization, growth, and immune suppressive activities relative to its wild-type parent during infection of Manduca sexta insects. In contrast to wild-type X. nematophila, which were recovered throughout infection, ΔcpxR1 cells did not accumulate in hemolymph until after insect death. In vivo imaging of fluorescently labeled bacteria within live insects showed that ΔcpxR1 displayed delayed accumulation and also occasionally were present in isolated nodes rather than systemically throughout the insect as was wild-type X. nematophila. In addition, in contrast to its wild-type parent, the ΔcpxR1 mutant elicited transcription of an insect antimicrobial peptide, cecropin. Relative to phosphate-buffered saline-injected insects, cecropin transcript was induced 21-fold more in insects injected with ΔcpxR1 and 2-fold more in insects injected with wild-type X. nematophila. These data suggest that the ΔcpxR1 mutant has a defect in immune suppression or has an increased propensity to activate M. sexta immunity. CpxR regulates, directly or indirectly, genes known or predicted to be involved in virulence (E. E. Herbert et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73:7826-7836, 2007), including lrhA, encoding a transcription factor necessary for X. nematophila virulence, motility, and lipase production (G. R. Richards et al., J. Bacteriol. 190:4870-4879, 2008). CpxR positively regulates lrhA transcript, and we have shown that altered regulation of lrhA in the ΔcpxR1 mutant causes this strain's virulence defect. The ΔcpxR1 mutant expressing lrhA from a constitutive lac promoter showed wild-type virulence in M. sexta. These data suggest that CpxR contributes to X. nematophila virulence through the regulation of lrhA, immune suppression, and growth in Insecta.

ABSTRACT A neuron has two types of highly polarized cell processes, the single axon and multiple dendrites. One of the fundamental questions of neurobiology is how neurons acquire such specific and polarized morphologies. During neuronal development, various actin-binding proteins regulate dynamics of actin cytoskeleton in the growth cones of developing axons. The regulation of actin cytoskeleton in the growth cones is thought to be involved in axon outgrowth and axon-dendrite specification. However, it is largely unknown which actin-binding proteins are involved in axon-dendrite specification and how they are transported into the developing axons. We have previously reported that collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP-2) plays a critical role in axon outgrowth and axon-dendrite specification (N. Inagaki, K. Chihara, N. Arimura, C. Menager, Y. Kawano, N. Matsuo, T. Nishimura, M. Amano, and K. Kaibuchi, Nat. Neurosci. 4:781-782, 2001). Here, we found that CRMP-2 interacted with the specifically Rac1-associated protein 1 (Sra-1)/WASP family verprolin-homologous protein 1 (WAVE1) complex, which is a regulator of actin cytoskeleton. The knockdown of Sra-1 and WAVE1 by RNA interference canceled CRMP-2-induced axon outgrowth and multiple-axon formation in cultured hippocampal neurons. We also found that CRMP-2 interacted with the light chain of kinesin-1 and linked kinesin-1 to the Sra-1/WAVE1 complex. The knockdown of CRMP-2 and kinesin-1 delocalized Sra-1 and WAVE1 from the growth cones of axons. These results suggest that CRMP-2 transports the Sra-1/WAVE1 complex to axons in a kinesin-1-dependent manner and thereby regulates axon outgrowth and formation.

Introduction Shoulder problems like pain or pathology are highly prevalent in manual wheelchair users (MWU) with spinal cord injury, lead to limitations in participation, a reduced quality of life and are often associated with “shoulder overload” (Mercer et al., 2006). Laboratory based experiments have examined shoulder load for a variety of wheelchair related activities (WRA; van Drongelen et al., 2005), but no research has been conducted that investigates the actual shoulder load profile of MWU’s in daily conditions. Such a profile would help in understanding the relation of shoulder overload and shoulder problems and could thereby support clinical decision making in the prevention of shoulder problems. Inspired by recent work on machine learning (ML) prediction of joint load from wearable sensors, the current project's ultimate aim is to develop a generalizable ML algorithm that can predict shoulder load for a variety of WRA. Methods 10 able bodied participants were trained before the actual measurement of the WRA of interest: wheelchair propulsion (WCP) at 0.56 and 1.1 m/s at 0%, 0.56 m/s at 6%, WCP in restricted space, short ramp 12% up and down, weight relieve lift, manual material handling with 2 kg and desk work. Participants were equipped with five Shimmer3 sensors on wheelchair, wheel, thorax, upper arm and forearm; EMG was collected from the biceps and medial deltoid muscles. An 8 camera Qualisys system was used to obtain kinematics conform ISB recommendations (Wu et al., 2005). A SmartWheel (Out-Front) for collecting propulsion kinetics replaced the original wheel of a standard Kuschal wheelchair. From laboratory kinematics and kinetics 3D shoulder joint reaction forces (JRF) were estimated with an OpenSim based musculoskeletal model (Wu et al., 2016) (MSM), which consequently served as target for the training of a variety of ML algorithms, using sensor data (acceleration, angular velocity, EMG) as input. Results & Discussion Starting with simple input (upper arm sensors only) and a linear neural network (NN, one input, one hidden, one output layer for total JRF; iteratively trained following a Leave One Subject Out approach, a R2 of around 60% was obtained between predicted JRF (NN) and target (MSM output), but results varied considerably over participants. In a next phase the complexity of the ML models was increased to deep learning models (recurrent NN) and more signals (e.g. forearm and thorax sensors) were added to the input, which, however, did not improve the overall performance considerably. Currently, it is explored whether using training the algorithms on individual datasets, for single tasks, can improve the performance. The explorative process will be presented and discussed in the light of the relevant results. References Mercer, J. L., Boninger, M., Koontz, A., Ren, D., Dyson-Hudson, T., & Cooper, R. (2006). Shoulder joint kinetics and pathology in manual wheelchair users. Clincal Biomechanics, 21(8), 781-789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2006.04.010 van Drongelen, S., van der Woude, L. H., Janssen, T. W., Angenot, E. L., Chadwick, E. K., & Veeger, D. H. (2005). Glenohumeral contact forces and muscle forces evaluated in wheelchair-related activities of daily living in able-bodied subjects versus subjects with paraplegia and tetraplegia. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 86(7), 1434-1440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2005.03.014 Wu, W., Lee, P. V. S., Bryant, A. L., Galea, M., & Ackland, D. C. (2016). Subject-specific musculoskeletal modeling in the evaluation of shoulder muscle and joint function. Journal of Biomechanics, 49(15), 3626-3634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.09.025 Wu, G., van der Helm, F. C., Veeger, H. E., Makhsous, M., Van Roy, P., Anglin, C., Nagels, J., Karduna, A. R., McQuade, K., Wang, X., Werner, F. W., Buchholz, B., & International Society of, B. (2005). ISB recommendation on definitions of joint coordinate systems of various joints for the reporting of human joint motion-Part II: Shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand. Journal of Biomechanics, 38(5), 981-992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.05.042

Методом импедансной спектроскопии исследованы протонпроводящие свойства полисурьмяной кислоты (ПСК), допированной ионами ванадия. Для твердых растворов состава H2Sb2–xVxO6·nH2O, кристаллизующихся в структурном типе пирохлора (пр. гр. симм. Fd3m), показано, что увеличение количества ванадия в образце приводит к росту удельной протонной проводимости, которая для крайнего твердого раствора замещения H2Sb1.52V0.48O6·nH2O составляет 66 мСм/м. Из анализа данных диэлектрической спектроскопии при температурах 218–298 К определена энергия активации проводимости, которая составила 30±2 КДж/моль. Предложен механизм протонного транспорта, согласно которому в допированных ионами ванадия ПСК проводимость осуществляется посистеме водородных связей, образованных молекулами воды, расположенными в гексагональных каналах структуры типа пирохлора, и анионами кислорода октаэдра, формирующего каркас структуры REFERENCES Stenina I. A., Yaroslavtsev A. B. 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Climate change induced sea-level rise (SLR) is on its increase globally. Regionally the lowlands of China, Vietnam, Bangladesh, and islands of the Malaysian, Indonesian and Philippine archipelagos are among the world’s most threatened regions. Sea-level rise has major impacts on the ecosystems and society. It threatens coastal populations, economic activities, and fragile ecosystems as mangroves, coastal salt-marches and wetlands. This paper provides a summary of the current state of knowledge of sea level-rise and its effects on both human and natural ecosystems. The focus is on coastal urban areas and low lying deltas in South-East Asia and Vietnam, as one of the most threatened areas in the world. About 3 mm per year reflects the growing consensus on the average SLR worldwide. The trend speeds up during recent decades. The figures are subject to local, temporal and methodological variation. In Vietnam the average values of 3.3 mm per year during the 1993-2014 period are above the worldwide average. Although a basic conceptual understanding exists that the increasing global frequency of the strongest tropical cyclones is related with the increasing temperature and SLR, this relationship is insufficiently understood. Moreover the precise, complex environmental, economic, social, and health impacts are currently unclear. SLR, storms and changing precipitation patterns increase flood risks, in particular in urban areas. Part of the current scientific debate is on how urban agglomeration can be made more resilient to flood risks. Where originally mainly technical interventions dominated this discussion, it becomes increasingly clear that proactive special planning, flood defense, flood risk mitigation, flood preparation, and flood recovery are important, but costly instruments. Next to the main focus on SLR and its effects on resilience, the paper reviews main SLR associated impacts: Floods and inundation, salinization, shoreline change, and effects on mangroves and wetlands. The hazards of SLR related floods increase fastest in urban areas. This is related with both the increasing surface major cities are expected to occupy during the decades to come and the increasing coastal population. In particular Asia and its megacities in the southern part of the continent are increasingly at risk. The discussion points to complexity, inter-disciplinarity, and the related uncertainty, as core characteristics. An integrated combination of mitigation, adaptation and resilience measures is currently considered as the most indicated way to resist SLR today and in the near future.References Aerts J.C.J.H., Hassan A., Savenije H.H.G., Khan M.F., 2000. Using GIS tools and rapid assessment techniques for determining salt intrusion: Stream a river basin management instrument. 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The authors declare that after the publication of the article, it was noticed that two citations were inadvertently omitted. The references have now been included as [74b] and [74c]: <P> [74] (b) Vitiello, M.; Galdiero, M.; Galdiero, M. Inhibition of Viral-Induced Membrane Fusion by Peptides. Protein Pep. Lett., 2009, 16(7), 786-793. <P> (c) Galdiero, S.; Falanga, A.; Vitiello, M.; D'Isanto, M.; Cantisani, M.; Kampanaraki, A.; Benedetti, E.; Browne, H.; Galdiero, M. Peptides containing membrane-interacting motifs inhibit herpes simplex virus type 1 infectivity. Peptides, 2008, 29(9), 1461- 1471. <P> The authors would like to include this reference in the online version of the article to ensure completeness.

The essentials of rapid distortion theory (RDT) are briefly recalled for homogeneous turbulence subjected to rotational mean flows, including its linkage to stability analysis. The latter “linkage” is of particular importance from our viewpoint, since it also attracted the attention of Charles Speziale, resulting in at least two papers [Speziale, C. G., Abid, R., and Blaisdell, G. A., 1996, “On the Consistency of Reynolds Stress Turbulence Closures With Hydrodynamic Stability Theory,” Phys. Fluids, 8, pp. 781–788 and Salhi, A., Cambon, C., and Speziale, C. G., 1997, “Linear Stability Analysis of Plane Quadratic Flows in a Rotating Frame,” Phys. Fluids, 9(8), pp. 2300–2309] with particular emphasis on rotating flows. New analytical solutions and related RDT results are presented for shear flows including buoyancy forces, with system rotation or mean density stratification. Finally, combining shear, rotation and stratification, RDT is shown to be pertinent to revisiting the baroclinic instability. This instability results from the tilting of mean isopycnal surfaces under combined effects of vertical shear and system rotation, in a vertically (stably) stratified medium rotating around the vertical direction. In addition, the challenge of reproducing RDT dynamics in single-point closure models is briefly discussed, from the viewpoint of structure-based modeling [Cambon C., Jacquin, L., and Lubrano, J.-L., 1992, “Towards a New Reynolds Stress Model for Rotating Turbulent Flows,” Phys. Fluids A, 4, pp. 812–824 and Kassinos, S. C., Reynolds, W. C., and Rogers, M. M., 2000, “One-Point Turbulence Structure Tensors,” J. Fluid Mech., 428, pp. 213–248.

Abstract. To understand carbon cycling in marginal seas better, particulate organic carbon (POC) concentrations, POC fluxes and primary production (PP) were measured in the East China Sea (ECS) in summer 2007. Higher concentrations of POC were observed in the inner shelf, and lower POC values were found in the outer shelf. Similar to POC concentrations, elevated uncorrected POC fluxes (720–7300 mg C m−2 d−1) were found in the inner shelf, and lower POC fluxes (80–150 mg C m−2 d−1) were in the outer shelf, respectively. PP values (~ 340–3380 mg C m−2 d−1) had analogous distribution patterns to POC fluxes, while some of PP values were significantly lower than POC fluxes, suggesting that contributions of resuspended particles to POC fluxes need to be appropriately corrected. A vertical mixing model was used to correct effects of bottom sediment resuspension, and the lowest and highest corrected POC fluxes were in the outer shelf (58 ± 33 mg C m−2 d−1) and the inner shelf (785 ± 438 mg C m−2 d−1), respectively. The corrected POC fluxes (486 to 785 mg C m−2 d−1) in the inner shelf could be the minimum value because we could not exactly distinguish the effect of POC flux from Changjiang influence with turbid waters. The results suggest that 27–93% of the POC flux in the ECS might be from the contribution of resuspension of bottom sediments rather than from the actual biogenic carbon sinking flux. While the vertical mixing model is not a perfect model to solve sediment resuspension because it ignores biological degradation of sinking particles, Changjiang plume (or terrestrial) inputs and lateral transport, it makes significant progress in both correcting the resuspension problem and in assessing a reasonable quantitative estimate of POC flux in a marginal sea.

High spatial and temporal resolution products of near-surface air temperature (T2m) over the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) are required as baseline information in a variety of research disciplines. Due to the sparse network of in situ data on the GrIS, remote sensing data and machine learning methods provide great advantages, due to their capacity and accessibility. The Land Surface Temperature (LST) at 780 m resolution from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and T2m observation from 25 Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) are used to establish a relationship over the GrIS by comparing multiple machine learning approaches. Four machine learning methods—neural network (NN), gaussian process regression (GPR), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF)—are used to reconstruct the T2m at daily and monthly scales. We develop a reliable T2m reconstruction model based on key meteorological parameters, such as albedo, wind speed, and specific humidity. The reconstructions daily and monthly products are generated on a 780 m × 780 m spatial grid spanning from 2007 to 2019. When compared with in situ observations, the NN method presents the highest accuracy, with R of 0.96, RMSE of 2.67 °C, and BIAS of −0.36 °C. Similar to the regional climate model (RACMO2.3p2), the reconstructed T2m can better reflect the spatial pattern in term of latitude, longitude, and altitude effects.

Disponível em: O artigo objetivou identificar a percepção de produtores rurais de Tupã/SP sobre a legislação que implantou e regulamenta a logística reversa de embalagens de agrotóxicos, bem como as informações que têm sobre sua obrigação. Buscou-se trazer elementos contidos na legislação e considerações de diversos autores, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, assim como foi aplicado um formulário com 19 questões, sobre o comportamento de 20 produtores rurais frente às informações relativas à devolução das embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos. As discussões revelam que cerca de 60% dos respondentes são indiferentes, conhecem muito pouco ou desconhecem sua responsabilidade como primeiro elo da cadeia da logística reversa das embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos, talvez em virtude de falhas no processo de comunicação e na fiscalização. Sugere-se que deva haver maior empenho do Poder Público com vistas a intensificar a fiscalização e tornar mais compreensível as responsabilidades desses agricultores.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Logística reversa, comunicação e agronegócios, embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos, legislação ambiental. ABSTRACTWith the purpose to identify the perception of farmers Tupa/SP on legislation that established and governs the reverse logistics of empty pesticide containers, as well as the information they have on their obligation. It sought to bring elements contained in the legislation and considerations of various authors, through literature, as well as a form with 19 questions about the behavior of 20 farmers in the face of information on the release of empty containers of pesticides were applied. The discussions show that about 60% of respondents are indifferent, know little or unaware of their responsibility as first link in the chain of reverse logistics of empty pesticide containers, perhaps because of flaws in the communication process and inspection. It is suggested that there should be greater commitment from the Government in order to step up surveillance and make more understandable the responsibilities of farmers.KEYWORDS: Reverse logistics, communications and agribusiness, empty pesticide containers environmental legislation. RESUMENCon el propósito de identificar la percepción del agricultor Tupa / SP en la legislación que estableció y administra la logística inversa de los envases vacíos de plaguicidas, así como la información que tienen sobre su obligación. Se intentó traer elementos contenidos en la legislación y las consideraciones de diversos autores, a través de la literatura, así como un formulario con 19 preguntas sobre el comportamiento de los 20 agricultores en la cara de la información sobre la liberación de los envases vacíos de plaguicidas se aplicaron. Los debates muestran que alrededor del 60% de los encuestados son indiferentes, saben poco o conscientes de su responsabilidad como primer eslabón de la cadena de la logística inversa de los envases vacíos de plaguicidas, tal vez debido a fallas en el proceso de comunicación e inspección. Se sugiere que debe haber un mayor compromiso del Gobierno con el fin de intensificar la vigilancia y hacer más comprensibles las responsabilidades de los agricultores.PALABRAS CLAVE: Logística inversa, las comunicaciones y la agroindustria, los envases de plaguicidas vacíos de la legislación ambiental. ReferênciasAnonymous. IBGE investiga o meio ambiente de 5.560 municipios brasileiros. Source: IPS. NoticiasFinancieras, Miami, p. 1, May 16 2005.BERLO, David. O processo de comunicação: introdução à teoria e à prática. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2003.BIGATÃO, Daniely Aparecida Reveillau. Cuidados e destinação final de embalagens, na utilização de agrotóxicos por produtores rurais no município de Itaporã - MS. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde)-Universidade de Brasília, 2009.BOLDRIN, Vitor Paulo et al. A Gestão Ambiental e a Logística Reversa no Processo de Retorno de Embalagens de Agrotóxicos Vazias. RAI - Revista de Administração e Inovação, São Paulo, v. 4, n. 2, p. 29-48, 2007.BRAGA JUNIOR, Walter; ROMANIELLO, Marcelo Marcio. Direito Ambiental: Percepção dos agentes envolvidos na destinação final das embalagens de agrotóxicos, de acordo com a Lei n. 9.974/00, na região cafeeira do município de Lavras, no sul de Minas Gerais. Gestão & Regionalidade (online), v. 24, n. 69, jan-abr/2008.BRASIL. Decreto nº 3.550, de 27/07/2000. Dá nova redação a dispositivos do Decreto no 98.816, de 11 de janeiro de 1990, que dispõe sobre a pesquisa, a experimentação, a produção, a embalagem e rotulagem, o transporte, o armazenamento, a comercialização, a propaganda comercial, a utilização, a importação, a exportação, o destino final dos resíduos e embalagens, o registro, a classificação, o controle, a inspeção e a fiscalização de agrotóxicos, seus componentes e afins. Disponível em < https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/decreto/d3550.htm > Acesso em 12 mar. 2015.BRASIL. Decreto nº 3.694, de 21/12/2000. Altera e inclui dispositivos ao Decreto no 98.816 de 11 de janeiro de 1990, que dispõe sobre o controle e a fiscalização de agrotóxicos, e dá outras providências. Disponível em < http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/decreto/D3694.htm > Acesso em 12 mar. 2015.BRASIL. Decreto nº 3.828, de 31/05/2001. Altera e inclui dispositivos ao Decreto no 98.816, de 11 de janeiro de 1990, que dispõe sobre o controle e a fiscalização de agrotóxicos e da outras providências. Disponível em < http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/decreto/2001/D3828.htm > Acesso em 12 mar. 2015BRASIL. Decreto nº 4.074, de 04/01/2002. Regulamenta a Lei nº 7.802, de 11 de julho de 1989. Disponível em < https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/decreto/2002/d4074.htm> Acesso em 12 mar. 2015.BRASIL. Decreto nº 98.816, de 11/01/1990. Regulamenta a Lei 7.802/1989 e dá outras providências. Disponível em < https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/decreto/antigos/d98816.htm> Acesso em 12 mar. 2015.BRASIL. Lei Federal nº 12.305, de 02/08/2010. Institui a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos; altera a Lei no 9.605, de 12 de fevereiro de 1998; e dá outras providências. Disponível em < http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2007-2010/2010/lei/l12305.htm> Acesso em 05 set. 2014.BRASIL. Lei nº 6.938, de 31/08/1981. Dispõe sobre a Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente, seus fins e mecanismos de formulação e aplicação, e dá outras providências. Disponível em < http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l6938.htm > Acesso em 04 set. 2014.BRASIL. Lei nº 7.802/1989, de 11/07/1989. Dispõe sobre a pesquisa, a experimentação, a produção, a embalagem e rotulagem, o transporte, o armazenamento, a comercialização, a propaganda comercial, a utilização, a importação, a exportação, o destino final dos resíduos e embalagens, o registro, a classificação, o controle, a inspeção e a fiscalização de agrotóxicos, seus componentes e afins, e dá outras providências. Disponível em https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l7802.htm Acesso em 03 fev. 2015.BRASIL. Lei nº 9.605, de 12/02/1998. Dispõe sobre as sanções penais e administrativas derivadas de condutas e atividades lesivas ao meio ambiente, e dá outras providências. 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Severe stunting and extensive root galling were observed on tomato rootstock (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Maxifort) resistant to Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949, M. javanica (Treub, 1885), and M. arenaria (Neal, 1889) Chitwood, 1949 and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Loustik) from two commercial greenhouses in the cantons Aargau and Lucerne in northern Switzerland. Examination of the roots of infected plants revealed the presence of root-knot nematodes in large numbers. Juveniles, males, and females were isolated, and the species was determined on the basis of morphological characteristics, including the female perineal pattern. Identification was confirmed by female esterase (Est) and malate dehydrogenase (MdH) electrophoresis (20 each for Est and MdH). All methods of identification were consistent with M. enterolobii Yang & Eisenback, 1983 (4). For further confirmation, type material of M. enterolobii (from the original host Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong) from China (4) was used. Furthermore, comparison of the sequence data from 12 individuals of each of the two Swiss populations and the type material of a 310-bp fragment of cytochrome oxidase I (COI), a 723-bp fragment covering the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region 1, 5.8s, ITS2, and part of the 26s, the mtDNA 63-bp repeat region, and a 780-bp fragment of the intergenic spacer region (1–3) showed 100% homology and confirmed the identification as M. enterolobii. The species M. enterolobii is of great importance because it is able to reproduce on resistant tobacco, pepper, watermelon, and tomato (4). To our knowledge, this is the first report of M. enterolobii in Switzerland. References: (1) M. A. M. Adam et al. Plant Pathol. 56:190, 2007. (2) V. C. Blok et al. Nematology 4:773, 2002. (3) T. C. Vrain et al. Fundam. Appl. Nematol. 15:565, 1992. (4) B. Yang and J. D. Eisenback. J. Nematol. 15:381, 1983.

In July-August 2023, field work was carried out on the northern slopes of Kronotsky volcano in the territory of the Kronotsky State Reserve, which is rarely visited by researchers. The aim of our work was to sample lavas that build the volcanic edifice in this sector, and also to search for traces of the volcano’s explosive activity in the Holocene. This report lists and illustrates interesting findings and the main results of the work. In particular, lava flows, dikes and pyroclastic horizons were sampled at altitudes ranging from 780 to 2200 m; several cinder and lava cones were discovered; samples of cognate inclusions and xenoliths were found. In addition, Holocene soil-pyroclastic sections, presumably containing tephra horizons from Kronotsky volcano, were documented in detail and sampled.

The paper presents an improved algorithm based on Bhaskara Rao and Ramesh Babu’s algorithm to invert magnetic anomalies of three-dimensional basement structures. The magnetic basement is approximated by an ensemble of juxtaposed vertical prisms whose bottom surface coincides with Curie surface with the known depth. The computer program operating with the proposed algorithm is built in Matlab environment. Test applications show that the proposed method can perform computations with fast and stable convergence rate where the results also coincide well with the actual model structure. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated by inverting magnetic anomalies of the southeast part of Vietnam continental shelf. The calculated magnetic basement relief of the study area provides useful additional information for studies in the aim of dealing with the geological structure of the area.References Beiki M., 2010. Analytic signals of gravity gradient tensor and their application to estimate source location, Geophysics, 75(6), i59–i74.Bui C.Q. (chief author), Le T., Tran T. D., Nguyen T. H., Phi T.T., 2007. Map of deep structure of the Earth’s crust, Atlas of the characteristics of natural conditions and environment in Vietnam’s waters and adjacent region. Publisher of Science and Technology, Ha Noi. Do D.T., Nguyen T.T.H., 2011. Atempt the improvement of inversion of magnetic anomalies of two dimensional polygonal cross sections to determine the depth of magnetic basement in some data profile of middle off shelf of Vietnam. Journal of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 49(2), 125–132.Do D.T., 2013. Study for application of 3D magnetic and gravity method to determine density contribution of basement rock and depth of magnetic basement on Vietnam’s shelf for oil research and prospecting Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Project code QG-11-04. Keating P. and Pilkington M., 2000, Euler deconvolution of the analytic signal, 62nd Annual International Meeting, EAGE, Session P0193.Keating P., Zerbo L., 1996. An improved technique for reduction to the pole at low latitudes, Geophysics, 61, 131–137.Le H.M., Luu V.H., 2003. Preliminary interpretation of the magnetic anomalies of the Eastern Vietnam sea and adiacent regions. J. Sci. of the Earth, 25(2), 173–181. Mai T.T., Pham V.T., Dang V.B., Le D.B., Nguyen B., Le V.D., 2011. Characteristics of Pliocene - Quaternary geology and Geoengineering in the Center and Southeast parts of Continental Shelf of Vietnam. J. Sci. of the Earth, 33(2), 109-118.Mushayandebvu M.F., Lesur V., Reid A.B., Fairhead J.D., 2004. Grid Euler deconvolution with constraints for 2D structures, Geophysics, 69, 489–496.Nguyen N.T., Bui V.N., Nguyen T.T.H., Than D.L., 2014a. Application of power density spectrum of magnetic anomaly to estimate the structure of magnetic layer of the earth crust in the Bac Bo gulf. Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 14(4A), 137–148.Nguyen N.T., Bui V.N., Nguyen T.T.H., 2014b. Determining the depth to the magnetic basementand fault systems in Tu Chinh - Vung May area by magnetic data interpretation. Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 14(4A), 16–25.Nguyen T.T.H., Pham T.L., Do D.T., Le H.M., 2018. Improving algorithm of determining the coordinates of the vertices of the polygon to invert magnetic anomalies of two-dimensional basement structures in space domain, Journal of Marine Science and Technology (preparing to print).Parker R.L., 1973. The rapid calculation of potential anomalies, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc, 31, 447–455. Pilkington M., Gregotski M.E., Todoeschuck J.P., 1994. Using fractal crustal magnetization models in magnetic interpretation, Geophysical Prospecting, 42, 677–692.Pilkington M., 2006. Joint inversion of gravity and magnetic data for two-layer models, Geophysics, 71, L35–L42.Rao D.B., Babu N.R., 1993. A fortran 77 computer program for three dimensional inversion of magnetic anomalies resulting from multiple prismatic bodies, Computer & Geosciences, 19(8), 781–801.Tanaka A., Okubo Y., Matsubayashi O., 1999. Curie point depth based on spectrum analysis of the magnetic anomaly data in East and Southeast Asia, Tectonic Pphysics, 306, 461–470.Thompson D.T., 1982. EULDTH – A new technique for marking computer-assisted depth estimates from magnetic data, Geophysics, 47, 31–37.Vo T.S., Le H.M., Luu V.H., 2005. Determining the horizontal position and depth of the density discontinuties in Red River Delta by using the vertical derivative and Euler deconvolution for the gravity anomaly data, Vietnam. Journal of Geology, Series A, 287(3–4), 39–52. Werner S., 1955. Interpretation of magnetic anomalies of sheet-like bodies, Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning, Series C, Arsbok, 43, 6.Xu S.Z., 2006. The integral-iteration method for continuation of potential fields, Chinese journal of geophysics (in Chinese), 49(4), 1176–1182.Zhang C., Huang D.N., Zhang K., Pu Y.T., Yu P., 2016. Magnetic interface forward and inversion method based on Padé approximation, Applied Geophysics, 13(4), 712–720.CCOP, 1996. Magnetic anomaly map of East Asia, scale 1:4.000.000, Geological survey of Japan and Committee for co-ordination of joint prospecting for mineral resources in asian offshore areas.

In May 2008, symptoms of blueberry blight were observed on half-high blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) in a plant nursery in Anning, Yunnan Province. Symptoms included dieback and bud and branch blight. Symptomatic plant samples were washed with running tap water, disinfected with 2% sodium hypochlorite and then 70% alcohol, rinsed in sterile distilled water, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated at 26°C. Conidia forming on PDA were hyaline, granular, fusoid to ellipsoid, widest in the upper third with an obtuse apex and flattened, subtruncate base, and 18 to 21 × 4.5 to 8 μm. The pathogen was also identified to the species level by sequencing the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 (ITSI-5.8S-ITS2) and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α). BLAST searches at GenBank showed the highest nucleotide sequence identity with Neofusicoccum vitifusiforme reference sequence (ITS: >98%, EF638785; EF1-α: 100%, EF638744 and AY343343). Representative sequences of isolates from both regions were deposited in GenBank (ITS: Accession No. HM131604; EF1-α: Accession No. HM454277). Pathogenicity tests were conducted on 2-year-old blueberry seedlings (half-high blueberry). Mycelial plugs (3 mm in diameter) of N. vitifusiforme from actively growing colonies (PDA) were applied to same-size bark wounds in the center of the stems. Inoculation wounds were wrapped with Parafilm. Control seedlings received sterile PDA plugs. Inoculated and control seedlings (five each) were kept in a greenhouse and watered as needed. After 2 weeks, all of the inoculated but none of the control blueberry seedlings showed dark vascular stem tissue. N. vitifusiforme was reisolated from symptomatic tissues, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. N. vitifusiforme has been reported as a pathogen of olive (2), plum, peach (1), and grapevine (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. vitifusiforme on blueberry in China as well as worldwide. References: (1) U. Damm et al. Mycologia 99:664, 2007. (2) C. Lazzizera et al. Plant Pathol. 57:948, 2008. (3) J. M. van Niekerk et al. Mycologia 96:781, 2004.

We have previously reported that Dot1a is located in the cytoplasm and nucleus (Reisenauer MR, Anderson M, Huang L, Zhang Z, Zhou Q, Kone BC, Morris AP, Lesage GD, Dryer SE, Zhang W. J Biol Chem 284: 35659–35669, 2009), widely expressed in the kidney as detected by its histone H3K79 methyltransferase activity (Zhang W, Hayashizaki Y, Kone BC. Biochem J 377: 641–651, 2004), and involved in transcriptional control of the epithelial Na+ channel subunit-α gene ( αENaC) (Zhang W, Xia X, Jalal DI, Kuncewicz T, Xu W, Lesage GD, Kone BC. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 290: C936–C946, 2006). Aldosterone releases repression of αENaC by reducing expression of Dot1a and its partner AF9 (Zhang W, Xia X, Reisenauer MR, Hemenway CS, Kone BC. J Biol Chem 281: 18059–18068, 2006) and by impairing Dot1a-AF9 interaction via Sgk1-mediated AF9 phosphorylation (Zhang W, Xia X, Reisenauer MR, Rieg T, Lang F, Kuhl D, Vallon V, Kone BC. J Clin Invest 117: 773–783, 2007). This network also appears to regulate transcription of several other aldosterone target genes. Here, we provide evidence showing that Dot1a contains at least three potential nuclear localization signals (NLSs). Deletion of these NLSs causes green fluorescent protein-fused Dot1a fusions to localize almost exclusively in the cytoplasm of 293T cells as revealed by confocal microscopy. Deletion of NLSs abolished Dot1a-mediated repression of αENaC-promoter luciferase construct in M1 cells. AF9 is widely expressed in mouse kidney. Similar to αENaC, the mRNA levels of βENaC, γENaC, and Sgk1 are also downregulated by Dot1a and AF9 overexpression. Small interference RNA-mediated knockdown of Dot1a and AF9 or aldosterone treatment leads to an opposite effect. Using single-cell fluorescence imaging or equivalent short-circuit current in IMCD3 and M1 cells, we show that observed transcriptional alterations correspond to changes in ENaC and Sgk1 protein levels as well as benzamil-sensitive Na+ transport. In brief, Dot1a and AF9 downregulate Na+ transport, most likely by regulating ENaC mRNA and subsequent protein expression and ENaC activity.

Abstract Therriault, T. W., and Herborg, L-M. 2008. A qualitative biological risk assessment for vase tunicate Ciona intestinalis in Canadian waters: using expert knowledge. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 781–787. Non-indigenous species (NIS) can pose a significant level of risk, through potential ecological or genetic consequences, to environments to which they are introduced. One way to characterize the overall risk posed by a NIS is to combine the probability and consequences of its establishment in a risk assessment that can be used to inform managers and policy-makers. The vase tunicate Ciona intestinalis is considered to be a cryptogenic species in eastern Canadian waters, but has not yet been reported from Pacific Canada. Because it is unclear what level of risk it poses for Canadian waters, we conducted a biological risk assessment for C. intestinalis and its potential pathogens, parasites, and fellow travellers. An expert survey was conducted to inform the risk assessment. The ecological risk posed by C. intestinalis was considered high (moderate uncertainty) on the Atlantic coast, and moderate (high uncertainty) on the Pacific coast. The genetic risk posed by C. intestinalis was considered moderate on both coasts, with low uncertainty on the Atlantic coast and high uncertainty on the Pacific coast, where hybridization with Ciona savignyi may be possible. Pathogens, parasites, and fellow travellers were considered to be a moderate ecological risk and a low genetic risk (with high uncertainty) for both coasts.

This paper presents results of research on the insertion of Digital Technologies in the Mathematics classes in the final years of Elementary School, in the Board of Education of São José do Rio Preto. For this purpose, we initially introduced the Project "Mapping of the use of information technologies in Mathematics classes in the state of São Paulo", to which these researches are linked. Subsequently, we dialogued with part of the pertinent literature about Digital Technologies in Mathematics classes, as well as with the continuing formation of teachers for the use of these technologies. Then we present the mosaic built from the researches in Board of Education, developed from the qualitative methodological paradigm. The results show the need for continuous formation of teachers, in addition to continuing formation, the role of management as essential for Digital Technologies to enter classrooms, as well as the difficulty of teachers in developing activities with Digital Technologies. Finally, we argue about the importance of being carried out and portrayed studies of this nature, to generate discussions and reflections about technologies present in schools and in Mathematics classes in Basic Education.Resumo Este artigo apresenta resultados de pesquisas acerca da inserção das Tecnologias Digitais nas aulas de Matemática dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, na Diretoria de Ensino de São José do Rio Preto. Para tanto, inicialmente apresentamos o projeto “Mapeamento do uso de tecnologias da informação nas aulas de Matemática no estado de São Paulo”, ao qual essas pesquisas estão vinculadas. Posteriormente, dialogamos com parte da literatura pertinente sobre Tecnologias Digitais nas aulas de Matemática, bem como com a formação continuada dos professores para o uso destas. Em seguida, apresentamos o mosaico construído a partir das pesquisas na Diretoria de Ensino, desenvolvido a partir do paradigma metodológico qualitativo. Os resultados evidenciam a necessidade de formação contínua, para além da continuada, dos professores, o papel da gestão como fundamental para que as Tecnologias Digitais adentrem as salas aula, assim como a dificuldade dos docentes na elaboração de atividades com Tecnologias Digitais. Por fim, argumentamos sobre a importância de serem realizados e retratados estudos desta natureza, para gerar discussões e reflexões acerca das tecnologias presentes nas escolas e nas aulas de Matemática na Educação Básica.Palavras-chave: Anos finais do ensino fundamental, Educação matemática, Educação básica, Formação de professores.Keywords: Final years of elementary school, Mathematics education, Basic education, Formation of teachers.ReferencesALMEIDA NETO, A. S.; CIAMPI, H. A História a ser Ensinada em São Paulo. Educação em Revista. Belo Horizonte, v. 31, n. 01, p. 195-221, 2015.ALONSO, M. A. Formação de gestores escolares: um campo de pesquisa a ser explorado. In: ALMEIDA, M. E. B. de; ALONSO, M. Tecnologias na formação e na gestão escolar. São Paulo: Editora Avercamp, 2007, p. 21-34. 136 p.ANDRADE, P. F.; ZAMPIERI, M. T.; JAVARONI, S. L. O Computador e a Prática Pedagógica: Os Laboratórios de Informática das Escolas Estaduais Públicas de Bauru. 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Tecnologias digitais na educação básica: um retrato de aspectos evidenciados por professores de matemática em formação continuada. 2016. 141 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação Matemática) – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, Rio Claro, 2016.BRAGA, L.; PERALTA, P.; MALHEIROS, A. P. S. A Visão dos Professores da Educação Básica sobre as Tecnologias nas Aulas de Matemática: Um Olhar para a Diretoria de Ensino de São José do Rio Preto In: Anais do III CONGRESSO NACIONAL DE FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES E XIII CONGRESSO ESTADUAL PAULISTA SOBRE FORMAÇÃO DE EDUCADORES – PROFISSÃO DE PROFESSOR: CENÁRIOS, TENSÕES E PERSPECTIVAS, Águas de Lindóia, 2016.BRASIL. Secretaria de Educação Básica. Base Nacional Curricular Comum: Educação é a Base. Brasília: Ministério da Educação. 2017. Disponível em http://basenacionalcomum.mec.gov.br/images/BNCC_20dez_site.pdf. Acesso em 26 mar. 2018.BRASIL, Portaria nº 522, de 9 de abril de 1997. Disponível em: <http://www.dominiopublico.gov.br/download/texto/me001167.pdf > Acesso em 15 de fevereiro de 2017.BRASIL. Ministério da Educação. Catálogo da Rede Nacional de Formação Continuada de Professores da Educação Básica: orientações gerais. Brasília, 2006. Disponível em: <http://portal.mec.gov.br/seb/arquivos/pdf/Rede/catalg_rede_06.pdf>. Acesso em 22 de março de 2017.BRASIL. Ministério da Educação. Decreto 5.622, de 19 de dezembro de 2005. Regulamenta o Art. 80 da Lei n° 9.394, de 20 de dezembro de 1996, que estabelece as diretrizes e bases da educação nacional. Brasília, 2005. Disponível em: <http://www2.senado.leg.br/bdsf/bitstream/handle/id/70320/65.pdf?sequence=3>. Acesso em 26 de fevereiro de 2017.BRASIL. Secretaria de Educação Fundamental. Parâmetros curriculares nacionais: Matemática. Secretaria de Educação Fundamental. Brasília: MEC/ SEF, 1998. 148p.CHIARI, A. S. S.; BORBA, M. C. Vinte anos de GPIMEM: um Mosaico de Pesquisas em Movimento. In: BORBA, M.C.; CHIARI, A. 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Tecnologias Digitais em Educação: perspectivas teóricas e metodológicas sobre formação e prática docente. 01ed.Curitiba: CRV, 2014, v. 01, p. 11-33.SÃO PAULO (Estado). Secretaria da Educação. Currículo do Estado de São Paulo: Matemática e suas tecnologias. Secretaria da Educação, 1. ed. atual. São Paulo, 2012. Disponível em: <http://www.educacao.sp.gov.br/a2sitebox/arquivos/documentos/783.pdf>. Acesso em 22 de janeiro de 2017.SÃO PAULO (Estado). Acessa Escola: manual de procedimentos. Secretaria do Estado de São Paulo, 2009.SÃO PAULO (Estado). Secretaria da Educação. Resolução SE 37, de 25 de abril de 2008. Institui o Programa Acessa Escola. Disponível em: <http://siau.edunet.sp.gov.br/ItemLise/arquivos/37_08.HTM?Time=05/10/2016%2015:37:54>. Acesso em 21 de janeiro 2017.SÃO PAULO (Estado). Secretaria da Educação. Resolução SE 17, de 31 de março de 2015. Dispõe sobre o Programa Acessa Escola, instituído pela Resolução SE 37, de 25 de abril de 2008. Disponível em: <http://siau.edunet.sp.gov.br/ItemLise/arquivos/17_15.HTM?Time=06/06/2017%2012:56:52 >. Acesso em 06 de maio 2017.SCHUHMACHER, V. R. N. Limitações da prática docente no uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação. 2014. 346 p. Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Santa Catarina, 2014. Disponível em: <https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/129032> Acesso em 22 de março de 2017.TARDIF, M. Saberes docentes e formação profissional. 15. ed. Petrópolis-RJ: Vozes, 2002.e2841040