Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "1862-1953"

This finding of Pseudomulceodens in Mississippian-age rocks of the Santiago Formation provides the first evidence of the molluscan class Rostroconchia in Mexico. Elsewhere in North American Mississippian rocks the class occurs in Arkansas (Hoare et al., 1982, 1988); Illinois (Weller, 1916); Indiana (Beede, 1906); Iowa (White and Whitfield, 1862); Michigan (Winchell, 1870); Montana and Nevada (Pojeta and Runnegar, 1976); Ohio (Hyde, 1953; Hoare, 1990); and Oklahoma (Branson, 1958).

El fragmento, inédito en español, pertenece al capítulo IX de La razón en el sentido común, libro primero de La vida de la razón, 5 vols. (1905-1906) del filósofo hispano-norteamericano Jorge/George Santayana (Madrid, 1862-Roma, 1953). Santayana aborda aquí la relación entre mente y cerebro desde un naturalismo materialista, que ha asumido por completo la revolución intelectual darwinista, y mostrando ser un fino analista de la experiencia de la acción consciente.

Résumé Cet article aborde la question des biographies animales dans la littérature de langue française. Alors qu’elle intéresse depuis peu l’éthologie, la philosophie, l’histoire, elle a toujours passionné les écrivains, en particulier les auteurs d’inspiration naturaliste soucieux de décrire les vies des bêtes observées, et les écrivains « animaliers » fascinés par des bêtes dont ils partagent les vies ou dont ils fréquentent quotidiennement les mondes. A partir des oeuvres de Maurice Maeterlinck (1862-1949), Jacques Delamain (1874-1953), Louis Pergaud (1882-1915) et Maurice Genevoix (1890-1980), j’examine dans quelle mesure ce corpus littéraire individualise et personnalise les existences animales, c’est-à-dire représente leurs vécus. On comprend en dernière analyse combien la question des biographies personnelles des bêtes est lourde d’enjeux. Abstract This paper addresses the issue of animal biographies in French-language literature. While ethology, philosophy and history have only been recently interested in it, this issue has always fascinated writers, especially authors of naturalistic inspiration desirous of describing the lives of the animals they were observing, and « animalistic » writers fascinated by the animals whose lives they share or whose worlds they dwell in. I examine the works of Maurice Maeterlinck (1862-1949), Jacques Delamain (1874-1953), Louis Pergaud (1882-1915) and Maurice Genevoix (1890-1980), to highlight to what extent this literary corpus individualizes and personalizes animal existences, that is to s ay, represents their lived experiences. In the end, we come to understand how important the issue of personal biographies of animals is. Resumen En este artículo se aborda el tema de las biografías animales en la literatura en lengua francesa. Mientras que la etología, la filosofía y la historia las estudian desde hace poco, siempre fascinaron a los escritores, especialmente a los escritores naturalistas deseosos de describir la vida de los animales observados, y a los escritores “animalistas” apasionados por los animales con los que coexisten o interaccionan en sus propios mundos. Examino las obras de Maurice Maeterlinck (1862-1949), Jacques Delamain (1874-1953), Louis Pergaud (1882-1915) y Maurice Genevoix (1890-1980), para mostrar cómo este corpus literario individualiza y personaliza las existencias animales, es decir, representa sus vivencias. Se destaca y se valora a fin de cuentas la importancia del tema de las biografías personales de los animales.

ABSTRACT: While some religious groups emphasize separation from society at large, other groups prioritize understanding and utilizing mainstream cultural expressions. The House of David, one of America's most successful communal religious groups, drew on a wide variety of mainstream cultural influences to share the message that their founders Benjamin (1861-1927) and Mary (1862-1953) Purnell were the last in a long line of British millenarian prophets. Finding inspiration in popular evangelists, jazz music, and theme parks, the House of David would successfully adapt the distinctly British tradition of the Southcottian Israelitism to the needs of the American religious market, and gives us a clear example of the role innovation plays in the crowded religious marketplace.

Phylogenetic relationships of two morphologically similar scolopendrid genera, Rhysida Wood, 1862, and Alluropus Silvestri, 1912, were investigated based on broad-scale taxonomic sampling from SE Asia, India and Australia. Morphological revision and molecular phylogenetics using three loci validate seven Rhysida species in SE Asia and Australia: R. lithobioides (Newport, 1845), R. longipes (Newport, 1845), R. immarginata (Porat, 1876), R. nuda (Newport, 1845), R. carinulata (Haase, 1887), R. singaporiensis Verhoeff, 1937 and R. polyacantha Koch, 1985. The nominal SE Asian species R. leviventer Attems, 1953 and R. marginata Attems, 1953 are placed in junior subjective synonymy with R. lithobioides and Alluropus calcaratus (Pocock, 1891), respectively. The monotypic genus Alluropus is redescribed, molecular phylogeny recovering it nesting together with Indo-Australian Rhysida. Taxonomic revision reassigned R. calcarata Pocock, 1891 to Alluropus based on its morphological and molecular similarity to the type, A. demangei Silvestri, 1912, the differences between putative species being sexual variation. Two morphologically distinct allopatric populations of A. calcaratus, comb. nov. (= A. demangei, syn. nov.) were found in the Indochina subregion. Phylogenetic relationships in Otostigminae remain unsettled because clades within several genera lack significant support, although Rhysida consistently falls into two clades that are not each other’s closest relative.

Helen MacMurchy, MD (1862–1953), was a well-known public figure in Canada who played a prominent role in the histories of eugenics and public health in the first half of the twentieth century. While details of her work in these fields is beginning to be better known, the door that opened it for her was her qualification as a physician in 1900 at the age of 39. Since she left no papers, little of a personal nature is known about her preparation to become a doctor. However, by considering medical education for women generally and examining archival records of the program offered by the Ontario Medical College for Women, which MacMurchy attended, as well as by piecing together the steps required for her to become a practising physician, we gain some understanding of the specifics of her training and her colleagues and of this significant period in her life.

The vertical distributions of nutriment elements (TN, TP and TOC) in the columnar sediments of sampling site in Lake Hong of Jiangxi were determined on the basis of 210pb dating.In order to investigate vertical distribution characteristics of nutrient elements and the sequence feature changes over time,analyze the impact of human activities on the Lake district environment.The method of 210pb dating was used to derive accumulation rates of 0.407g/cm2.a-1,The results showed that the contents of all the elements lowered continuously with the increase of the sediment depth.The historical profiles of Hong Lake showed that TOCTN and TP mainly enriched in 0-37cm ,and presented simultaneously changeable trends. 1862~1953, TN, TOC and TP are in a relatively stable trend, human activities in this stage have less disturbance to the environment and natural factors play a major role, Lake is without pollution to the state, belonging to II~IIIstandard, the overall ecological environment of lake is stable. 1953~1992, TN, TOC and TP are in the rapid increase stage,and the vertical variation of amplitude became enlarged.In this period, the increase of human activity,especially the agricultural activities,resulted in nutrient element content higher.Lake is being III ~ IV standard.The lake eco-environmental issues began to emerge. From 1992 to 2011, the nutrient content is with high volatility, human activities is the main factors affecting the lake environment, organic index and organic nitrogen pollution is IV level standard,the lake environment problem aggravate.

AbstractMusicology has recently re-evaluated the nature, form and purpose of musical biography, reflecting a broader ‘biographical turn’ in the humanities. This article takes up recent challenges to move beyond the traditional model of the ‘life and works’ of ‘great’ composers and joins the search for new paradigms of musical biography. The lives of the Australian microtonal composer Elsie Hamilton (1880–1965) and the British music archaeologist Kathleen Schlesinger (1862–1953), and their collaboration, which spanned three decades, are offered as a case study that demonstrates the importance of international and transnational networks for comparative musicology and modern music, and reveals the role of women as critical agents of scholarship and cultural transmission. It also lays bare the considerable influence exerted by the fin de siècle occult revival upon the search for new modalities of musical expression. It is an example of how a biographical approach allows an expansive examination of a mentalité and can bring together a range of discourses to reveal unrecognized connections and relationships.

AbstractThis study seeks to revive, defend and further illustrate the suggestion of Weil (1862) (adopted by Rossi (1953/4)) that the longer fragments of Tyrtaeus (nos. 10-12 in West 1992) were composed in five-couplet units (Weil called them 'strophes' but I prefer 'stanzas') that either alternate between exhortation and meditation (e.g. 10.1-30 or 11.1-20) or contrast, for example, the defensive and offensive modes of hoplite warfare (11.21-38), men skilled and unskilled in warfare (12.1-20) or the differing honors that await those war-heroes who die on the battlefield and those who return home alive (12.21-30 and 35-44). These units, moreover, often display a kind of responsion (similar to that found in ancient Greek choral poetry), which allows the poet to draw attention to the stanzaic architecture of the poem and emphasize parallels and contrasts between the individual stanzas. Weil's theory, moreover, provides us with evidence of later re-performances of these poems, especially Tyrtaeus 12, where the transmitted text shows clear signs of a subsequent performance (perhaps in classical Athens as the Platonic paraphrases in the Laws suggest) by a poet who was ignorant or careless of the earlier archaic practice.

“In a sense, every tool is a machine—the hammer, the ax, and the chisel. And every machine is a tool. The real distinction is between one man using a tool with his hands and producing an object that shows at every stage the direction of his will and the impression of his personality; and a machine which is producing, without the intervention of a particular man, objects of a uniformity and precision that show no individual variation and have no personal charm. The problem is to decide whether the objects of machine production can possess the essential qualities of art.” —Sir Herbert Read (1893–1968), British critic and poet. Art and Industry, pt. 1, Horizon (1953). “But lo! men have become the tools of their tools.” —Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862), U.S. philosopher, author, naturalist. “Economy,” Waiden (1854). This article compares and contrasts Gamma Knife® radiosurgery with linear accelerator-based radiosurgery; where appropriate, Cyberknife™ technology is discussed. Topics covered are: positioning of the head (invasive versus non-invasive positioning systems); collimator construction; beam properties; beam arrangements; treatment planning; and issues regarding manpower (including a discussion of patient repositioning during treatment), machine availability, and financial considerations.

A partir das discussões da crítica literária sobre “donzelas-guerreiras”, analisamos as obras Diário de uma viagem ao Brasil (1824 [1990]), de Maria Graham, Paraguassú: epopeia da guerra da independência na Bahia (1837), de Ladislau dos Santos Titara, À heroína (1859 [1977]), de Franklin Dória, Brasileiras Célebres (1862 [2004]), de Joaquim Norberto Souza Silva, Anno biographico brazileiro (1876), de Joaquim Manoel de Macedo, Mulheres Illustres do Brazil (1899), de Ignez Sabino, Grandes vultos da independência brasileira (1922), de Affonso de Taunay, Heroínas Bahianas (1936), de Bernardino José Souza, Precursoras Brasileiras (1945), de Olmio Barros Vidal, Maria Quitéria (1953), de Pereira Reis Júnior, e Maria Quitéria: peça em três atos (1958), de Nancy Navarro Carvalho, com o objetivo de entendermos, principalmente, como são narrados o gênero e o trânsito de gênero vividos pela personagem histórica e literária Maria Quitéria de Jesus/Soldado Medeiros (1792-1853). Estamos interessados em entender não só como a personagem é construída enquanto uma “donzelaguerreira”, mas também qual o lugar que Maria Quitéria/Soldado Medeiros ocupa na formação das identidades e dos cânones literários nacionais. [Recebido em: 21 mai. 2022 – Aceito em: 18 jun. 2022]

The larvae of five epigean and 25 stygobitic species of the diving beetle genus Limbodessus Guignot, 1939 are describedand illustrated for the first time, with special emphasis on morphometry and chaetotaxy of the cephalic capsule, headappendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphi. Those of the following five epigean species are described: L.amabilis (Clark, 1862), L. compactus (Clark, 1862), L. inornatus (Sharp, 1882), L. praelargus (Lea, 1899), L. shuckardii(Clark, 1862). The 25 stygobitic larvae described are: L. barwidgeeensis Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L. bigbellensis(Watts & Humphreys, 2000), L. challaensis (Watts & Humphreys, 2001), L. cooperi Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L.eberhardi (Watts & Humphreys, 1999), L. exilis Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L. fridaywellensis (Watts & Humphreys,2001), L. hillviewensis (Watts & Humphreys, 2004), L. hinkleri (Watts & Humphreys, 2000), L. leysi Watts & Humphreys,2006, L. macrohinkleri Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L. masonensis (Watts & Humphreys, 2001), L. millbilliensis Watts &Humphreys, 2006, L. mirandaae Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L. morgani (Watts & Humphreys, 2000), L. nambiensisWatts & Humphreys, 2006, L. ordinarius Watts & Humphreys, 2009, L. palmulaoides Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L.pulpa (Watts & Humphreys, 1999), L. raeae Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L. raesideensis (Watts & Humphreys, 2001), L.windarraensis (Watts & Humphreys, 1999), L. yandalensis Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L. yarrabubbaensis Watts & Humphreys, 2009, L. yuinmeryensis (Watts & Humphreys, 2003). The morphology and chaetotaxy of epigean vs.stygobitic species are compared, and a key for the identification of the species is presented. Contrary to their epigeancounterparts, larvae of stygobitic Limbodessus have turned out to be very divergent morphologically. In addition to thecommon characteristics associated with an underground living (i.e., absence of stemmata, reduced pigmentation, and thinor soft exoskeleton), larvae of these species have undergone a variable modification of the frontoclypeus and have evolvedrelatively shorter tarsal claws. Two morphological groups of stygobitic species are evident, one including species lessdeviated from the ancestral (epigean) condition and another group comprising more modified species that typically havea larger size, a more or less pyriform head with a digitiform nasale, and a strongly reduced occipital foramen. Primarychaetotaxy of the species has remained a very conservative expression of the phenotype. Secondary chaetotaxy showsvariation among the species, the most obvious being the variable number of lamellae clypeales and the presence or absenceof secondary setae on the urogomphus. The phylogenetic relationships of Limbodessus are analyzed cladistically. Larvaeof this genus lack the primary pore ABc, which is a synapomorphy of the tribe Bidessini. As presently defined, Limbodessus is probably paraphyletic with respect to Allodessus Guignot, 1953.

In this work, all the Lower Pliocene gastropod assemblages of Santa Maria Island are revised. These all form part of the Touril Complex. Seventy-seven species are identified representing 61 genera. Two species are described as new: Bittium miradouroense nov. sp. and Erato mayeri nov. sp. The name Tritonium secans Bronn in Reiss 1862 is considered a junior subjective synonym of Monoplex comptus (A. Adams, 1855). Pleurotoma perturrita Bronn in Reiss 1862 is considered a junior subjective synonym of Crassopleura maravignae (Bivona, 1838). However, due to the difficulties in collecting from these deposits, this is likely to be a considerable underestimate of the original diversity of local Early Pliocene gastropod faunas. The assemblage reflects a fully tropical with mean annual sea surface temperatures (SSTs) estimated about 3.7°C to 6.3°C higher than the present-day 20.6°C, and with mean monthly SSTs ranging from 20°C to 28°C, with six months with mean SSTs over 24°C. The assemblages all represent relatively shallow water, fully saline marine environments. At genus level the assemblage is typical of that seen in the tropical Mediterranean-West African Palaeobiogeographical Province during the early Pliocene (MPPMU1; roughly equivalent to the Zanclean and earliest Piacenzian). At species level, 35% of the species taxa found in Santa Maria are also found in the Mediterranean during MPPMU1. There is a much weaker association with the northern warm temperate Pliocene Boreal-Celtic Province, with only 17% of species occurring in both. Moreover, most of those are ubiquitous European species with both wide geographic and stratigraphic distributions. The assemblage is relatively endemic (29%) suggesting that the Azorean subprovince/ecoregion, which is recognised today, was already in place in the Lower Pliocene. A small number of tonnoidean species found in Santa Maria are species known to have had an amphiatlantic distribution during the Pliocene, and for Distorsio mcgintyi Emerson & Puffer, 1953, a well-known and widely distributed tropical American Atlantic species from the Early Miocene to present-day, its presence in Santa Maria marks the most easterly range expansion for the species, as today is not found in the Azores.

Predmet obravnave so štiri glasbene zbirke s podobnimi naslovi: Slovenska gerlica, (Fleišmanova) Gerlica, (Kumarjeva) Grlica in revija Grlica. Naslov hoče objeti vse štiri zbirke, zato je nekoliko zapleten. - Slovenske gerlice je izšlo sedem zvezkov (1848, 1848, 1850, 1852, 1859, 1859, 1862). Tretji zvezek je uredil Gregor Rihar, morda tudi ostalih prvih šest. Peti in šesti zvezek sta celota s skupnim naslovom: Venec slovenskih pesem dr. Fr. Prešern-a. Napevi od Kamillo Mašek-a. Sedmi zvezek je uredil Jurij Fleišman. - Potem ko je izdal 7., zadnji zvezek Slovenske gerlice, je Jurij Fleišman leta 1864 izdal drugo zbirko v treh zvezkih z naslovom Gerlica, v kateri je naredil izbor napevov iz prvotne zbirke. Zdi se, da Fleišman ni imel namena izdati celotne pesmarice, saj je pobral uspešnice iz Slovenske gerlice in jih izdal kot Gerlica. Poleg tega so v tretjem zvezku pesmi iz 1. in 2. zvezka. - Proti koncu leta 1933 je Srečko Kumar v Zagrebu začel izdajati Grlico s podnaslovom Revijalna zbirka omladinske muzike, ki jo je sam urejal in izdajal. - Leta 1953 je začela izhajati revija Grlica s podnaslovom Revija z mladinsko zborovsko glasbo, ki jo je izdajal Aktiv ljubljanskih srednješolskih profesorjev glasbe založila pa Mladinska knjiga. Z 9. letnikom se je Grlica iz Revije za mladinsko zborovsko glasbo prelevila v Revijo za glasbeno vzgojo, hkrati je odgovorno uredništvo prevzel Pavle Kalan. Sprememba je bila napovedana v uvodniku Grlica pred novimi nalogami, ki sta ga podpisala uredništvo in uprava. Sprememba ni bila toliko v glasbenih prilogah kot v knjižnem delu. Grlica je leta 1988 po 35 letih od ustanovitve, vendar v 28. letniku sklenila svoje izhajanje.

Перелік змагань у європейському професійному футболі та їх формат зазнавали певних змін та на сьогодні залишаються актуальними для вивчення соціально-економічного ефекту від ведення спортивно-змагальної діяльності. Розвиток будь якого виду спорту пов'язаний із розвитком змагальної практики. Орієнтуючись на чинник наявності/відсутності виражених компонентів системи змагань на визначених часових етапах можна передбачати подальші перспективи. Мета: на основі вивчення еволюції ключових чинників розвитку визначити моделі змагань у європейському професійному футболі. Методи: теоретичний аналіз та узагальнення, системний аналіз, історико-логічний, абстрагування, порівняння, формалізація, моделювання. Результати. Під егідою UEFA проводиться низка турнірів, що мають спільну спрямованість. Вона визначається необхідністю популяризації футболу, залучення клубів різних країн та примноження доходу від ведення діяльності з проведення змагань. З’ясування та інтерпретація ключових чинників розвитку європейського професійного футболу дасть змогу визначити еволюцію моделі змагань у цьому виді спорту. На підставі вивчення й узагальнення чинників розвитку професійного футболу в Європі визначено етапи з такими варіантами моделей систем змагань: 1862–1887 роки – хаотично-турнірна модель у межах несистемної групи; 1888–1915, 1920–1938 та 1946–1953 роки – модель національних чемпіонатів у межах дискретно-системної групи; 1954–1978 роки – модель загально-європейських турнірів у межах системної групи; 1979–1990, 1991–2019, 2020–2021 та з 2022 року – турнірно-ієрархічна модель у межах системної, адаптивно-десистемної та ресистемної груп. У 1916–1919 та 1939–1945 рр. змагань з футболу на професійному рівні не відбувалося внаслідок деструктивного впливу на систем змагань подій першої та другої світової війни. Висновки. У професійному футболі, як й в інших ігрових видах професійного спорту виділено стандартизовані групи моделей: несистемні, дискретно-системні, системні, адаптивно-системні, ресистемні. Вони мають визначені часові відтинки, що пов’язані з визначеними чинниками зовнішнього та внутрішнього впливу.

The genus Nebrioporus Régimbart, 1906 is reviewed and partially revised. The historical subgeneric divisions have not been subscribed to here because they fail to reflect the natural grouping within the genus. Instead, Nebrioporus has been divided into eight species-groups recognised and described with character analysis and keys for their identification. The N. laeviventris-group, comprising 4 subgroups and 13 species, has been revised. The N. depressus-group, the most speciose within the genus, is redefined and dealt with in detail with keys for the identification of the species and morphological illustrations accompanying the taxonomic discussion for selected species. The N. sansii-group, as here defined, is also keyed and illustrated and the species N. lynesi (J. Balfour-Browne, 1947) is revised and inserted into this group. Revisional notes are provided also for the following species: Nebrioporus canariensis (Bedel, 1881), N. capensis (Omer-Cooper, 1953), N. dubius (Aubé, 1838b), N. kiliani (Peyerimhoff, 1929), N. kilimandjarensis (Régimbart, 1906), N. seriatus (Sharp, 1882), N. simplicipes (Sharp, 1884), N. solivagus (Omer-Cooper, 1965), N. vagrans (Omer-Cooper, 1953). All revised species are provided with a short redescription, illustration of diagnostic characters and distributional analysis. For several species new distributional records are given. Illustrations of habitus and male characters are provided also for species not discussed in the text. A comprehensive checklist of the genus Nebrioporus is given, with synonyms. Two new species are described: N. amicorum sp.n. from Crete and N. sagartus sp.n. from Iran, both belonging to the N. laeviventris-group, the former described from material previously determined as Nebrioporus stearinus (Kolenati, 1854). Nebrioporus seriatus (Sharp, 1882) is found to be a member of the abyssinicus-group and inserted into previous identification keys. Nebrioporus suavis (Sharp, 1882) is here considered as a western subspecies of N. stearinus (new status as Nebrioporus stearinus suavis (Sharp)). New synonyms: Zimmermannius Guignot, 1941 = Nebrioporus Régimbart, 1906; Hydroporus walkeri Branden, 1885 = Hydroporus crotchi Preudhomme de Borre, 1871; Hydroporus variegatus Aubé, 1838a = Hydroporus stearinus Kolenati, 1845; Deronectes turca Seidlitz, 1887 = Hydroporus stearinus Kolenati, 1845; Potamonectes sulphuricola Zaitzev, 1951 = Hydroporus airumlus Kolenati, 1845. Lectotypes are designated for: Hydroporus clarkii Wollaston, 1862; Deronectes simplicipes Sharp, 1884; Deronectes anchoralis Sharp, 1884; Hydroporus kiliani Peyerimhoff, 1929; Deronectes seriatus Sharp, 1882; Deronectes arabicus Sharp, 1882; Deronectes islamiticus Sharp, 1882; Deronectes princeps Sharp, 1882; Hydroporus stearinus Kolenati, 1845; Deronectes suavis Sharp, 1882; Hydroporus crotchi Preudhomme de Borre, 1871; Hydroporus insignis Klug, 1833; Hydroporus semiclusus Walker, 1871; Deronectes hostilis Sharp, 1884; and Hydroporus melanogrammus Régimbart, 1899.

The genus Lamprima Latreille, 1804 (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lampriminae: Lamprimini), is revised. Five species are recognised: one in New Guinea (L. adolphinae (Gestro, 1875)), two on isolated western Pacific islands (L. aenea Fabricius, 1792: Norfolk Island; L. insularis W.J. Macleay, 1885: Lord Howe Island), one in northeastern New South Wales (L. imberbis Carter, 1926) and a common widespread species in eastern and southern Australia, L. aurata Latreille, 1817. Lamprima aurata varies considerably morphologically and many of the different forms encompassed by this variation have been described as species. Our study of morphology does not support this classification. Therefore, Lamprima aurata is designated a senior synonym of the following 24 names: L. cuprea Latreille, 1817; L. latreillii W.S. MacLeay, 1819 (new synonym); L. pygmaea W.S. MacLeay, 1819 (new synonym); L. fulgida Boisduval, 1835; L. micardi Reiche, 1841 (new synonym); L. rutilans Erichson, 1842; L. splendens Erichson, 1842; L. viridis Erichson, 1842; L. nigricollis Hope in Westwood, 1845 (new synonym); L. purpurascens Hope in Westwood, 1845 (new synonym); L. sumptuosa Hope in Westwood, 1845 (new synonym); L. tasmaniae Hope in Westwood, 1845 (new synonym); L. varians Burmeister, 1847 (new synonym); L. cultridens Burmeister, 1847 (new synonym); L. amplicollis Thomson, 1862 (new synonym); L. krefftii W.J. MacLeay, 1871 (new synonym); L. violacea W.J. Macleay, 1885 (new synonym); L. mandibularis W.J. Macleay, 1885 (new synonym); L. sericea W..J Macleay, 1885 (new synonym); L.nigripennis W.J. Macleay, 1885 (new synonym); L. minima W.J. Macleay, 1885 (new synonym); L. mariae Lea, 1910; L. coerulea Boileau, 1913 (new synonym); L. insularis Boileau, 1913 (new synonym). Lamprima adolphinae is a senior synonym of L. bohni (Darge & Séguy, 1953) (new synonym). Lamprima schreibersi Hope in Westwood, 1845, is an unnecessary nomen novum for L. aenea redescribed by Schreibers in 1802 from the same material as Fabricius, and therefore an objective synonym of L. aenea. Lamprima puncticollis Dejean, 1833, L. coerulea Hope in Westwood, 1845, and L. insularis Hope in Westwood, 1845, are nomina nuda, the last two names first made available by Boileau in 1913. The five Lamprima species are redescribed and recommendations made for their conservation. Type specimens of the species of Lamprima described by William Sharpe MacLeay and William John Macleay are illustrated for the first time. Lectotypes are designated for Lamprima insularis, L. latreillii, L. latreillii sericea, and L. mandibularis.

The genus Olios Walckenaer, 1837 is revised, a generic diagnosis is given and an identification key to eight species groups is provided. Olios in its revised sense includes 87 species and is distributed in Africa, southern Europe and Asia. Three species groups are revised in this first part, an identification key to species for each group is provided, five new species are described and all included species are illustrated. The Olios argelasius-group includes O. argelasius Walckenaer, 1806, O. canariensis (Lucas, 1838), O. pictus (Simon, 1885), O. fasciculatus Simon, 1880 and O. kunzi spec. nov. (male, female; Namibia, Zambia, South Africa); it is distributed in the Mediterranean region, northern Africa including Canary Islands, in the Middle East, South Sudan, East Africa, and southern Africa. The Olios coenobitus-group includes O. angolensis spec. nov. (male; Angola), O. coenobitus Fage, 1926, O. denticulus spec. nov. (male; Java), O. erraticus Fage, 1926, O. gambiensis spec. nov. (male, female; Gambia), O. milleti (Pocock, 1901b), O. mordax (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899) and O. pusillus Simon, 1880; it is distributed in Africa (Gambia, Angola, Tanzania, Madagascar) and Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia: Java). The Olios auricomis-group includes only O. auricomis (Simon, 1880), distributed in Africa south of 10°N. Other species groups are introduced briefly and will be revised in forthcoming revisions. The Olios correvoni-group includes currently O. claviger (Pocock, 1901a), O. correvoni Lessert, 1921, O. correvoni choupangensis Lessert, 1936, O. darlingi (Pocock, 1901a), O. faesi Lessert, 1933, O. freyi Lessert, 1929, O. kassenjicola Strand, 1916b, O. kruegeri (Simon, 1897a), O. quadrispilotus (Simon, 1880) comb. nov., O. lucieni comb. nov. nom. nov., O. sjostedti Lessert, 1921 and O. triarmatus Lessert, 1936; it is distributed in Africa (Zimbabwe, Tanzania incl. Zanzibar, Angola, Congo, Central Africa, South Africa, Botswana; O. darlingi was recorded from Zimbabwe and Botswana and not from South Africa). The Olios rossettii-group includes: O. baulnyi (Simon, 1874), O. bhattacharjeei (Saha & Raychaudhuri, 2007), O. brachycephalus Lawrence, 1938, O. floweri Lessert, 1921, O. jaldaparaensis Saha & Raychaudhuri, 2007, O. japonicus Jäger & Ono, 2000, O. kolosvaryi (Caporiacco, 1947b) comb. nov., O. longipes (Simon, 1884b), O. lutescens (Thorell, 1894), O. mahabangkawitus Barrion & Litsinger, 1995, O. obesulus (Pocock, 1901b), O. rossettii (Leardi, 1901), O. rotundiceps (Pocock, 1901b), O. sericeus (Kroneberg, 1875), O. sherwoodi Lessert, 1929, O. suavis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876), O. tarandus (Simon, 1897d), O. tener (Thorell, 1891) and O. tiantongensis (Zhang & Kim, 1996); it is distributed in the Mediterranean region, in Africa (especially eastern half) and Asia (Middle East and Central Asia to Japan, Philippines and Java). The Olios nentwigi-group includes O. diao Jäger, 2012, O. digitatus Sun, Li & Zhang, 2011, O. jaenicke Jäger, 2012, O. muang Jäger, 2012, O. nanningensis (Hu & Ru, 1988), O. nentwigi spec. nov. (male, female; Indonesia: Krakatau), O. perezi Barrion & Litsinger, 1995, O. scalptor Jäger & Ono, 2001 and O. suung Jäger, 2012; it is distributed in Asia (Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Philippines), Papua New Guinea and Mariana Islands. Olios diao is newly recorded from Cambodia and Champasak Province in Laos. The Olios stimulator-group includes O. admiratus (Pocock, 1901b), O. hampsoni (Pocock, 1901b), O. lamarcki (Latreille, 1806) and O. stimulator Simon, 1897c; it is distributed in Africa (Madagascar, Seychelles), Middle East and South Asia (United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Maldives, Sri Lanka). The Olios hirtus-group includes O. bungarensis Strand, 1913b, O. debalae (Biswas & Roy, 2005), O. ferox (Thorell, 1892), O. hirtus (Karsch, 1879a), O. igraya (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) comb. nov., O. menghaiensis (Wang & Zhang, 1990), O. nigrifrons (Simon, 1897b), O. punctipes Simon, 1884a, O. punctipes sordidatus (Thorell, 1895), O. pyrozonis (Pocock, 1901b), O. sungaya (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) comb. nov., O. taprobanicus Strand, 1913b and O. tikaderi Kundu et al., 1999; it is distributed in South, East and Southeast Asia (Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, China, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines). Nineteen synonyms are recognised: Nisueta Simon, 1880, Nonianus Simon, 1885, both = Olios syn. nov.; O. spenceri Pocock, 1896, O. werneri (Simon, 1906a), O. albertius Strand, 1913a, O. banananus Strand, 1916a, O. aristophanei Lessert, 1936, all = O. fasciculatus; O. subpusillus Strand, 1907c = O. pusillus; O. schonlandi (Pocock, 1900b), O. rufilatus Pocock, 1900c, O. chiracanthiformis Strand, 1906, O. ituricus Strand, 1913a, O. isongonis Strand, 1915, O. flavescens Caporiacco, 1941 comb. nov., O. pacifer Lessert, 1921, all = O. auricomis; Olios sanguinifrons (Simon, 1906b) = O. rossettii Leardi, 1901; O. phipsoni (Pocock, 1899), Sparassus iranii (Pocock, 1901b), both = O. stimulator; O. fuligineus (Pocock, 1901b) = O. hampsoni. Nine species are transferred to Olios: O. gaujoni (Simon, 1897b) comb. nov., O. pictus comb. nov., O. unilateralis (Strand, 1908b) comb. nov. (all three from Nonianus), O. affinis (Strand, 1906) comb. nov., O. flavescens Caporiacco, 1941 comb. nov., O. quadrispilotus comb. nov., O. similis (Berland, 1922) comb. nov. (all four from Nisueta), O. sungaya (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) comb. nov., O. igraya (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) comb. nov. (both from Isopeda L. Koch 1875). Olios lucieni nom. nov. comb. nov. is proposed for Nisueta similis Berland, 1922, which becomes a secondary homonym. The male of O. quadrispilotus comb. nov. is described for the first time. Sixteen species are currently without affiliation to one of the eight species groups: O. acolastus (Thorell, 1890), O. alluaudi Simon, 1887a, O. batesi (Pocock, 1900c), O. bhavnagarensis Sethi & Tikader, 1988, O. croseiceps (Pocock, 1898b), O. durlaviae Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2005, O. gentilis (Karsch, 1879b), O. gravelyi Sethi & Tikader, 1988, O. greeni (Pocock, 1901b), O. inaequipes (Simon 1890), O. punjabensis Dyal, 1935, O. ruwenzoricus Strand, 1913a, O. senilis Simon, 1880, O. somalicus Caporiacco, 1940, O. wroughtoni (Simon, 1897c) and O. zulu Simon, 1880. Five of these species are illustrated in order to allow identification of the opposite (male) sex and to settle their systematic placement. Thirty-seven species are considered nomina dubia, mostly because they were described from immatures, three of them are illustrated: O. abnormis (Blackwall, 1866), O. affinis (Strand, 1906) comb. nov., O. africanus (Karsch, 1878), O. amanensis Strand, 1907a, O. annandalei (Simon, 1901), O. bivittatus Roewer, 1951, O. ceylonicus (Leardi, 1902), O. conspersipes (Thorell, 1899), Palystes derasus (C.L. Koch, 1845) comb. nov., O. detritus (C.L. Koch, 1845), O. digitalis Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842, O. exterritorialis Strand, 1907b, O. flavovittatus (Caporiacco, 1935), O. fugax (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885), O. guineibius Strand, 1911c, O. guttipes (Simon, 1897a), O. kiranae Sethi & Tikader, 1988, O. longespinus Caporiacco, 1947b, O. maculinotatus Strand, 1909, O. morbillosus (MacLeay, 1827), O. occidentalis (Karsch, 1879b), O. ornatus (Thorell, 1877), O. pagurus Walckenaer, 1837, O. patagiatus (Simon, 1897b), O. praecinctus (L. Koch, 1865), O. provocator Walckenaer, 1837, O. quesitio Moradmand, 2013, O. quinquelineatus Taczanowski, 1872, O. sexpunctatus Caporiacco, 1947a, Heteropoda similaris (Rainbow, 1898) comb. rev., O. socotranus (Pocock, 1903), O. striatus (Blackwall, 1867), O. timidus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885), Remmius variatus (Thorell, 1899) comb. nov., O. vittifemur Strand, 1916b, O. wolfi Strand, 1911a and O. zebra (Thorell, 1881). Eighty-nine species are misplaced in Olios but cannot be affiliated to any of the known genera. They belong to the subfamilies Deleninae Hogg, 1903, Sparassinae Bertkau, 1872 and Palystinae Simon, 1897a, nineteen of them are illustrated: O. acostae Schenkel, 1953, O. actaeon (Pocock, 1898c), O. artemis Hogg, 1915, O. atomarius Simon, 1880, O. attractus Petrunkevitch, 1911, O. auranticus Mello-Leitão, 1918, O. benitensis (Pocock, 1900c), O. berlandi Roewer, 1951, O. biarmatus Lessert, 1925, O. canalae Berland, 1924, O. caprinus Mello-Leitão, 1918, O. chelifer Lawrence, 1937, O. chubbi Lessert, 1923, O. clarus (Keyserling, 1880), O. coccineiventris (Simon, 1880), O. corallinus Schmidt, 1971, O. crassus Banks, 1909, O. debilipes Mello-Leitão, 1945, O. discolorichelis Caporiacco, 1947a, O. erroneus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1890, O. extensus Berland, 1924, O. fasciiventris Simon, 1880 , O. feldmanni Strand, 1915, O. fimbriatus Chrysanthus, 1965, O. flavens Nicolet, 1849, O. fonticola (Pocock, 1902), O. formosus Banks, 1929, O. francoisi (Simon, 1898a), O. fulvithorax Berland, 1924, O. galapagoensis Banks, 1902, O. gaujoni (Simon, 1897b) comb. nov., O. giganteus Keyserling, 1884, O. hoplites Caporiacco, 1941, O. humboldtianus Berland, 1924, O. insignifer Chrysanthus, 1965, O. insulanus (Thorell, 1881), O. keyserlingi (Simon, 1880), O. lacticolor Lawrence, 1952, O. lepidus Vellard, 1924, O. longipedatus Roewer, 1951, O. machadoi Lawrence, 1952, O. macroepigynus Soares, 1944, O. maculatus Blackwall, 1862, O. marshalli (Pocock, 1898a), O. mathani (Simon, 1880), O. minensis Mello-Leitão, 1917, O. monticola Berland, 1924, O. mutabilis Mello-Leitão, 1917, O. mygalinus Doleschall, 1857, O. mygalinus cinctipes Merian, 1911, O. mygalinus nirgripalpis Merian, 1911, O. neocaledonicus Berland, 1924, O. nigristernis (Simon, 1880), O. nigriventris Taczanowski, 1872, O. oberzelleri Kritscher, 1966, O. obscurus (Keyserling, 1880), O. obtusus F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1900, O. orchiticus Mello-Leitão, 1930, O. oubatchensis Berland, 1924, O. paraensis (Keyserling, 1880), O. pellucidus (Keyserling, 1880), O. peruvianus Roewer, 1951, O. pictitarsis Simon, 1880, O. plumipes Mello-Leitão, 1937, O. princeps Hogg, 1914, O. pulchripes (Thorell, 1899), O. puniceus (Simon, 1880), O. roeweri Caporiacco, 1955a, O. rubripes Taczanowski, 1872, O. rubriventris (Thorell, 1881), O. rufus Keyserling, 1880, O. sanctivincenti (Simon, 1898b), O. similis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1890), O. simoni (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1890), O. skwarrae Roewer, 1933, O. spinipalpis (Pocock, 1901a), O. stictopus (Pocock, 1898a), O. strandi Kolosváry, 1934, O. subadultus Mello-Leitão, 1930, O. sulphuratus (Thorell, 1899), O. sylvaticus (Blackwall, 1862), O. tamerlani Roewer, 1951, O. tigrinus (Keyserling, 1880), O. trifurcatus (Pocock, 1900c), O. trinitatis Strand, 1916a, O. velox (Simon, 1880), O. ventrosus Nicolet, 1849, O. vitiosus Vellard, 1924 and O. yucatanus Chamberlin, 1925. Seventeen taxa are transferred from Olios to other genera within Sparassidae, eight of them are illustrated: Adcatomus luteus (Keyserling, 1880) comb. nov., Eusparassus flavidus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885) comb. nov., Palystes derasus (C.L. Koch, 1845) comb. nov., Heteropoda similaris (Rainbow, 1898) comb. rev., Remmius variatus (Thorell, 1899) comb. nov., Nolavia audax (Banks, 1909) comb. nov., Nolavia antiguensis (Keyserling, 1880) comb. nov., Nolavia antiguensis columbiensis (Schmidt, 1971) comb. nov., Nolavia fuhrmanni (Strand, 1914) comb. nov., Nolavia helva (Keyserling, 1880) comb. nov., Nolavia stylifer (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1900) comb. nov., Nolavia valenciae (Strand, 1916a) comb. nov., Nungara cayana (Taczanowski, 1872) comb. nov., Polybetes bombilius (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899) comb. nov., Polybetes fasciatus (Keyserling, 1880) comb. nov., Polybetes hyeroglyphicus (Mello-Leitão, 1918) comb. nov. and Prychia paalonga (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) comb. nov. One species is transferred from Olios to the family Clubionidae Wagner, 1887: Clubiona paenuliformis (Strand, 1916a) comb. nov.

Edith Wharton (1862-1937), romanlarında genellikle yaşadığı dönemin üst sınıf insanlarının toplumsal ve bireysel sorunlarını ele alır. Çoğu eseri, üslup romanları olarak bilinir ve üst sınıf ailelerin üslupları, cinsellik ve maddiyatçılık gibi temaları içerir. The House of Mirth (1905) romanı, Blake Nevius’ın da dediği gibi, Amerika’da toprak ve ormanların sömürülmesiyle aynı anda insani ve ruhsal kaynakların da heder edildiğini gösterir (1953: 55). Bu eserde işlenen ahlaki çöküntü de insani ve ruhsal kaynakların nasıl heba edildiğinin bir örneği olarak görülebilir. Bu çalışmada, kentleşme ve materyalizm yüzünden ahlak değerlerinde özellikle evlilik kurumunda yaşanan yozlaşma ve kentleşme olgusu, ayrıca eserdeki karakterlerin, yozlaşmanın bir delili de olan, itibarları için mücadele ederken nasıl sosyal kelepçeler içinde acı çektikleri incelenmiştir. Kentleşmenin getirdiği sorunlar da özellikle Lily Bart’ın ölümüne neden olan kadınlar arası düşmanca ilişkiler içinde ele alınmıştır.

Howard University Hospital has been a pillar for healthcare delivery in the Black community, an underserved sector of Washington, DC, since its founding in 1862. Neurological surgery, one of the many areas of service provided, was established by trailblazer Dr. Clarence Greene Sr., who was appointed the division’s first chief in 1949. Because of the color of his skin, Dr. Greene had to complete his neurosurgical training at the Montreal Neurological Institute, as he was refused the opportunity to train in the United States. He went on to become the first African American to be board certified in neurological surgery in 1953. Drs. Jesse Barber, Gary Dennis, and Damirez Fossett, the subsequent division chiefs, have all continued Dr. Greene’s legacy of providing academic enrichment and subserving a disparate population. Many patients who may not have received treatment otherwise have been able to receive exemplary neurosurgical care from them. Under their tutelage, numerous African American medical students have gone on to train in neurological surgery. Future directions include developing a residency program, collaborating with other neurosurgery programs in continental Africa and the Caribbean, and establishing a fellowship for training international students.

This contribution is the first part of a series designed to summarize the present knowledge on the fauna of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of the Socotra Archipelago. A review of aquatic, semiaquatic and shore bugs of the infraorders Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha of Socotra is provided. Nine families and 19 species are recorded from the Socotra Island (including two marine off-shore species). The following new species and new records are given: Micronecta eupompe Hutchinson, 1930 (Micronectidae), Sigara hoggarica Poisson, 1929 (Corixidae), Hebrus kanyukovae sp. nov., Hebrus sp. (Hebridae), Microvelia gracillima Reuter, 1882, M. macani Brown, 1953 (Veliidae), Limnogonus cereiventris (Signoret, 1862) (Gerridae), Micracanthia ornatula (Reuter, 1881), and Saldula niveolimbata (Reuter, 1900) (Saldidae). The following new faunistic records are also provided: Micronecta eupompe from Burkina Faso, Anisops varius from Jordan and Rwanda, Mesovelia vittigera Horváth, 1895 (Mesoveliidae) from Mali, Micracanthia ornatula from Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Zambia, China (Sichuan), and Bangladesh, and Saldula niveolimbata from Mali. The status of the type specimens is discussed and corrected for Anisops varius var. scutellata Fieber, 1851 (syntypes), Anisops varius var. sugillata Fieber, 1851 (lectotype), Anisops hoggarica Poisson, 1929 (syntypes), Halobates germanus White, 1883 (lectotype), Halobates sewelli Imms, 1936 (lectotype), Limnogous leptocerus (Reuter, 1882) (lectotype), and Microvelia gracillima Reuter, 1882 (holotype versus neotype).