Artykuły w czasopismach: „Zoning and distribution of population”

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Chen, Yujie. "Population analysis using GIS software tools A case study of Chengdu". Applied and Computational Engineering 59, nr 1 (7.05.2024): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/59/20240770.

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Understanding how the population is distributed geographically helps governments and organizations allocate resources more efficiently. For example, they can allocate funds for infrastructure development, healthcare facilities, schools, and public services based on the population's concentration and distribution. City planners can use population distribution data to design cities and urban areas effectively. They consider factors like housing needs, transportation infrastructure, and zoning regulations based on the population's spatial distribution. This study takes Chengdu as an example, and the article analyzes the spatial structure distribution of the population in Chengdu in the last decade based on the census data of 2012, 2017, and 2021, using analysis methods such as population distribution structure index (PDSI), mean pointer center, and population center of gravity, combined with Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. According to the analysis, it can be concluded that the population distribution pattern in Chengdu has not changed much, but the city area has been expanded. Besides, the policy adjustment has a certain impact on the population center of gravity but not as much as other factors. At last, topography, transportation, and economic development all have an impact on the population distribution of Chengdu.

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Liang, Haoguang, i Zhong Wang. "Optimized Distribution of Beijing Population Based on CA-MAS". Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5693896.

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In recent years rapid expansion of populations, disruption of ecological environments, and power shortages to areas of high population density in undeveloped areas have appeared in major cities in China. Well-planned population distribution in a city has become one of the key development strategies of urbanization in the country. Taking Beijing as a case-study and using 2010 as the base period, this study simulates city population size and distribution during 2011–2030 using the CA-MAS model. The results showed that (1) the unplanned layout of Beijing’s population is inefficient and will result in the slow agglomeration of populations into surrounding small towns, (2) the suburbanization of the population (while employment opportunities remain centralized) increases the stress of the city commuters, (3) the current policy guiding the distribution of residential and commercial areas is effective, accelerating the formation of small town clusters, which play a role in the city’s radiation and diffusion, contributing to reducing urban commuter stress, and (4) promoting the homogenization of public resources, planning the development of a multicenter urban area, and promoting mixed use (commercial and residential) zoning are the main measures recommended to strengthen the sustainability of Beijing’s urban development and to optimize spatial layout.

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Jiang, Yunfang, Luyao Hou, Tiemao Shi i Yuemin Ning. "Spatial Zoning Strategy of Urbanization Based on Urban Climate Co-Movement: A Case Study in Shanghai Mainland Area". Sustainability 10, nr 8 (1.08.2018): 2706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082706.

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Urbanization has brought with it large populations in cities, which has then led to changes in urban land use intensity and spatial patterns, resulting in changes in underlying surfaces and urban climate. The impacts of the early urbanization process and the rapid development of the international metropolis on the interactive development of spatial zoning, urban climate, and urbanization in the main region of Shanghai are studied. This study has important practical and methodological implications with respect to two major themes in the current urban planning area of China, specifically, the construction of new urbanization and the changes in urban climate adaptation. Through the experiences of the human activities model from ecology, factors are selected based on the effects of climate on four dimensions, namely, economy, urban construction, ecological, and environment, where the weight of each index is determined by the coefficient of the variation method and the important spatial factors influencing the climate effect are screened out. The four important influential factors are population density, road density, built-up areas, and the green coverage ratio of spatial distribution. A quantitative analysis determined that there exists a consistent relationship between urban climate factors and the four urbanization spatial factors. Based on urbanization classification that considered each factor evaluation along with integrated analyses and statistical correlation analyses of the spatial grid index using ArcGIS software, the urban space partition level is identified, and urban spatial zoning strategies based on the co-movement of urban climate system are put forward. Combined with the zoning study of land use and the urban heat island distribution pattern, the spatial zoning strategy of controlling urbanization intensity based on the urban climate system is proposed. This research will guide the integration of the urbanization spatial structure and urban climate system toward rational development in Shanghai city.

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STADNIKOV, V., N. LIKHVA i O. KONSTANTINOVA. "Modern technologies of geospatial analysis during urban territory planning". Modern achievements of geodesic science and industry 1, nr 45 (1.04.2023): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33841/1819-1339-1-45-135-145.

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Zoning is an important factor of territorial organization and management of the economy of a separate territorial unit – country, oblast, district oblast, city, district city, selective districts, zones of communal and administrative division, and others. Zoning involves the distribution of the territory taking into account the objective laws of the territorial division of labor, the formation of territorial-production complexes of various scales, etc. The article analyzes the main ideas of specialists regarding the issues of zoning the city territory using GIS technologies and methods of geoinformation analysis using the example of the city of Odesa. The purpose of this work is to develop an information model of a multifunctional geo-information system for solving territorial planning problems of the city of Odesa using geospatial analysis methods. Investigate the possibilities of using geospatial analysis methods to ensure the implementation of mapping of various scales and thematic direction on the example of the city of Odesa. Method. The methodology of performing zoning works using geospatial analysis methods mainly corresponds to the following algorithm: 1- processing of analytical data received in electronic form, with the aim of bringing it into the data input format of the ArcGIS software; 2- execution of the geocoding operation based on the address part of the analytical data; 3-allocation of elementary fragments of the city territory that meets the requirements for district boundaries; 4- construction of a population density model; 5-determining the population of elementary fragments; 6- determination of the boundaries of the historical part of the city (“Porto Franco”) according to the maps of the 19th century; 7-binding and defining the boundaries of the historical part of the city according to the digital map; 8- determination of the population currently living in the historical part of the city; 9-determination of potential district boundaries; 10-determination of zoning options; 11-registration of documentation for each variant of zoning; 12-analysis of the results, if necessary, change of criteria for the zoning procedure and repetition of the procedure for designing the boundaries of the districts. Scientific novelty and practical significance – for the first time, the development and research of an information model of a multifunctional geoinformation system for solving the problems of territorial planning of the city using geospatial analysis methods over a long period of time has been carried out.

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Zhao, Guanwei, i Muzhuang Yang. "Urban Population Distribution Mapping with Multisource Geospatial Data Based on Zonal Strategy". ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, nr 11 (30.10.2020): 654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9110654.

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Mapping population distribution at fine resolutions with high accuracy is crucial to urban planning and management. This paper takes Guangzhou city as the study area, illustrates the gridded population distribution map by using machine learning methods based on zoning strategy with multisource geospatial data such as night light remote sensing data, point of interest data, land use data, and so on. The street-level accuracy evaluation results show that the proposed approach achieved good overall accuracy, with determinant coefficient (R2) being 0.713 and root mean square error (RMSE) being 5512.9. Meanwhile, the goodness of fit for single linear regression (LR) model and random forest (RF) regression model are 0.0039 and 0.605, respectively. For dense area, the accuracy of the random forest model is better than the linear regression model, while for sparse area, the accuracy of the linear regression model is better than the random forest model. The results indicated that the proposed method has great potential in fine-scale population mapping. Therefore, it is advised that the zonal modeling strategy should be the primary choice for solving regional differences in the population distribution mapping research.

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Bilby, Robert E., i Lauren A. Mollot. "Effect of changing land use patterns on the distribution of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in the Puget Sound region". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65, nr 10 (październik 2008): 2138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f08-113.

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Population increase in the Pacific Northwest of North America over the last century has led to the removal of forests for various purposes. Evidence of salmon response to these alterations in land use is rare owing to a scarcity of fish population data and a high degree of interannual variation in abundance. We examined the relationship between the spatial distribution of spawning coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ) and changes in land use from 1984 through 2001 at 84 sites in four rivers draining into northern Puget Sound. Changes in land use over this period were determined from LandSat imagery, county zoning designations, and aerial photographs. Substantial reduction in forest cover occurred in many of the index watersheds during this time. The proportion of salmon using sites subjected to increased urban land use over the study period declined about 75%. Increases were observed at forested sites and those with increased rural residential use. Maintaining salmon populations in rapidly developing areas may require the identification and protection of sites that support large salmon populations and steering development to areas supporting few fish.

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Lv, Minjuan, Zhiting Chen, Lingling Yao, Xiaohu Dang, Peng Li i Xiaoshu Cao. "Potential Zoning of Construction Land Consolidation in the Loess Plateau Based on the Evolution of Human–Land Relationship". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 22 (13.11.2022): 14927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214927.

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Towns serve as the basic unit of implementation for comprehensive land consolidation and rehabilitation. The utilization of scaling law can provide a new perspective for construction land consolidation. From two perspectives of the town hierarchic system and the growth of a single town, this research applies the Rank-Size Rule and Allometric Scaling Law to analyze the scale structure, hierarchy and allometric scaling evolution relationship of population and construction land in the Loess Plateau at the town scale in 2000, 2010, and 2017. Furthermore, the consolidation potential of construction land is divided into five zones and puts forward recommendations for the comprehensive consolidation of the construction land. The results indicate: (1) The majority of towns have small or medium populations and 62% of the towns in the study show negative population growth. Geographically, the northern part has a smaller population size compared with the southern part. 96% of the towns show an increasing trend in the quantity of construction land, and the south and north parts of the study area have more construction land compared with the center part. The zone of the Valley Plain has the largest population size, and the zone of the Sandy and Desert Area has the largest quantity of construction land. (2) The rank-size distributions of both population and construction land comply with the power-law relation. The population hierarchy has changed from equilibrium to concentration, while the hierarchy of construction land shows an opposite pattern. So, the whole town hierarchic system of the Loess Plateau is gradually tending to the optimal distribution, which is the town hierarchic system gradually forming an ideal sequence structure. (3) The population-construction land relationship obeys the allometric scaling law, and the major allometric type is positive allometry. The human–land relationship tends to be coordinated, and the town system tends to be reasonable. The allometric scaling coefficient is not robust in different geographical areas, especially in Irrigated Agricultural Areas. Furthermore, 90% of the towns have weak coordination of human–land relationships, and 60% of the towns have a relatively faster growth rate of construction land than the relative growth (decline) rate of population. (4) The consolidation potential of construction land is divided into five types. High Consolidation Potential Area concentrates in the Eastern Loess Plateau, while Medium and Low Consolidation Potential Area concentrically distribute in the Western Loess Plateau. The Human–land Coordination Area has a small number and scattered spatial distribution. The land use of towns that are concentrated around prefecture-level cities or with unique resources is not intensive enough. The zoning of construction land consolidation potential based on the results of the allometric scale is in line with reality, and local governments should make use of the characteristics and trends of the town system to formulate planning schemes to promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas.

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Zou, Bin, Fen Peng, Si Xuan Chen i Yan Qing Luo. "A GIS-Aided Method for Assessing High-Resolution Population Exposure to Environmental Pollutants". Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (grudzień 2012): 3738–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.3738.

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Through integrating air dispersion model, Geographical Information System (GIS) spatial analysis and Population Dasymetric Mapping Model (PDMM), we firstly conducted high-resolution simulations of air pollution concentration and population spatial distribution. Then, a method for Assessing Population Relative Risks of Air Pollution Exposure (MAPRRAPE) was proposed and implemented for spatial zoning of population exposure to SO2 at various levels by taking Tarrant County as a case. The results show that the population exposure to SO2 for Tarrant County in 2000 detected by air pollution concentration method obviously differs from those produced by MAPRRAPE. While the results disclose the defect of the air pollution concentration based population exposure (e.g., Non-inhabit areas with high SO2 concentration are usually misrecognized with high population exposure), it thereby conversely confirms the significance of MAPRRAPE in decision making for preventing and controlling regional air pollution exposure.

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Phan Thi, An, i Hanh Tran Trong. "Ecolo-urbanistic conditions of territorial zoning of the settlement system in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam". E3S Web of Conferences 91 (2019): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199105002.

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The Mekong Delta is one of the four deltas of Vietnam that are deeply impacted by climate change and thus influencing heavily on the population distribution. This conference paper studies the scenarios of climate change, assesses the impacts of climate change, and on this basis, divides the Mekong Delta into three regions according to the ecolourbanistic conditions, while also introducing conceptions and solutions to restructuring the sustainable residential development system in response to climate change.

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Das, Indira, i Sujit Deka. "Impact of Flood on the Socio-Economic Conditions in the Southern Part of Kamrup District, Assam". Space and Culture, India 8, nr 4 (26.03.2021): 106–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v8i4.665.

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Flood causes extreme loss of infrastructure and human life; besides it also propagates the condition of poverty and unceasing marginalisation of the affected region from development. This study elucidates how flood contributes to the socio-economic conditions of the rural people living in the Southern part of the Kamrup district of Assam. It focusses on flood hazard zoning and flood vulnerability analyses that are delineated based on the data collected from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Near Real-Time (NRT) Global Flood Mapping Product Portal. Flood hazard zoning of the study area is done using Multi-Criteria evaluation method based on rainfall distribution, slope, drainage density, population density, soil type, elevation, flow accumulation, roads, and embankment utilising Cartosat DEM and IRS P6 LISS III data. The zones are identified as actively flooded, chronically flooded, and occasionally flooded zones, which affects 39.4 per cent, 12.9 per cent and 26.1 per cent population respectively covering 1189.2 sq. km, that is, 56.5 per cent area of the study region. The flood vulnerability assessment of the study area is done at village and ward level adapting geospatial assessment in a GIS environment. The findings of the research are generated through observations, key informant interviews with the rural population surveying 1420 number of households. It reveals that 200 villages are affected by floods every year that constitutes 76.6 per cent households and 78.4 per cent of the population of the study area.

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Putri, Arum Sekar Purwono, i Fattah Hanurawan. "Hubungan Antara Sikap Terhadap Sistem Zonasi PPDB fan Motivasi Berprestasi Siswa SMPN 2 Wagir". Flourishing Journal 1, nr 1 (17.06.2021): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um070v1i12021p47-54.

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Abstract: The objectives of this study include: (1) to describe the attitudes of SMP 2 Wagir students towards the PPDB zoning system (2) to determine the description of the achievement motivation of SMPN 2 Wagir students regarding the implementation of the PPDB zoning system (3) to determine the relationship between attitudes towards the PPDB zoning system and achievement motivation in students of SMP 2 Wagir. This research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive correlational research. The population of this research is 546 students. The sampling technique used was random sampling so that the research subjects were 82 students at SMPN 2 Wagir. Subject data retrieval is done through the distribution of google forms. The instrument used was a scale of attitudes and a scale of achievement motivation with reliability of 0.849 and 0.910, respectively. The results showed that (a) students of SMPN 2 Wagir have a positive attitude towards the PPDB zoning system by 67 percent (b) SMP 2 Wagir students have high achievement motivation by 73 percent (c) there is a relationship between attitudes towards the PPDB zoning system and achievement motivation students of SMP 2 Wagir. The value obtained from the hypothesis test analysis is 0.644 with a significant level of 0.000. Keywords: Attitudes towards the zoning system, achievement motivation, students of SMP 2 Wagir Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini meliputi: (1) untuk mengetahui gambaran sikap siswa SMPN 2 Wagir terhadap sistem zonasi PPDB (2) untuk mengetahui gambaran motivasi berprestasi siswa SMPN 2 Wagir terkait penerapan sistem zonasi PPDB (3) untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sikap terhadap sistem zonasi PPDB dan motivasi berprestasi pada siswa SMPN 2 Wagir. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif korelasional. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 546 siswa. Teknik sampling yang digunakan yaitu random sampling sehingga didapatkan subjek penelitian sebanyak 82 siswa di SMPN 2 Wagir. Pengambilan data subjek dilakukan melalui penyebaran google form. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa skala sikap dan skala motivasi berprestasi dengan masing-masing reliabilitas 0,849 serta 0,910. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (a) siswa SMPN 2 Wagir secara memiliki sikap terhadap sistem zonasi PPDB positif sebesar 67 persen (b) siswa SMPN 2 Wagir memiliki motivasi berprestasi tinggi sebesar 73 persen (c) terdapat hubungan antara sikap terhadap sistem zonasi PPDB dan motivasi berprestasi siswa SMPN 2 Wagir. Nilai yang didapatkan dari analisis uji hipotesis sebesar 0,644 dengan taraf signifikan sebesar 0,000. Kata kunci: Sikap terhadap sistem zonasi, motivasi berprestasi, siswa SMPN 2 Wagir

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Yanovich, E. G., i E. A. Moskvitina. "Epidemiological Risks: Importance when Zoning Administrative Territories and Activating the Epidemic Process during Infectious Diseases". Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 18, nr 6 (16.01.2020): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2019-18-6-81-89.

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Along with the theoretical concepts and definitions of risk adopted in the epidemiological analysis of infectious diseases, the identification of «risk areas» is of great importance.The aim is to show the role of risk factors when determining the «risk areas» and in the genesis of complications of the epidemiological situation. Taking into account the multifactorial nature of the epidemic process under infectious diseases, we describe the risks used in zoning of natural focal particularly dangerous (plague, tularemia, anthrax, Ebola virus disease, Yellow fever); arbovirus (Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, West Nile Fever and anthroponotic (cholera and other acute enteric infection (AEI) of norovirus, rotavirus and enterovirus etiology) infections. The importance of risk factors and conditions for their implementation in AEI with water pathogen distribution (unsatisfactory state of water supply and water use, population migration, etc.) and emergencies, in which certain risk factors can contribute to the complication of the epidemic situation, is shown.Conclusion. The use of risk factors in zoning of administrative territories is aimed at improving epidemiological surveillance. It is possible that potential risk factors can transfer to real, what results in activation of the epidemic process.

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Cai, Jing Shan, i Wei Qi Chen. "Economic Analysis for Coastal Principal Function Selection: Case Study of Xiamen Bay". Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (październik 2011): 1214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.1214.

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The coastal zone is a dense human activity area, and has been under the heavy pressure from large population centers and various human activities. The scarcity and the use conflicts of coastal resources have become increasingly prominent problems. Coastal principal function zoning is an effective approach to solving these problems, and a helpful way to optimize resources allocation and support sustainable development. Determining the principal function is a key step in coastal principal function zoning. In this paper we make an attempt to apply economic analysis to the principal function selection in the coastal area of Xiamen Bay. Based on the distribution and characteristics of coastal resources, and the opinion of local residents revealed by a questionnaire investigation, we set two scenarios as alternative principal functions, i.e. to develop coastal tourism as a priority or to fully develop commercial port transportation in the research area. The net benefits of Scenario 1 and 2 are calculated by the constructed formulas, and the results are 3.4×1010 RMB Yuan/a and 7.4×109 RMB Yuan/a, respectively. Based on the economic analysis, we propose that coastal tourism should be chosen as the principal function in the coastal area of Xiamen Bay.

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Saberinasab, Faezeh, Samar Mortazavi i Alireza Riyahi Bakhtiari. "Zoning of Dust Heavy Metals in Arak Plain Using Pollution Indicators and Geographic Information System (GIS)". Journal of Advances in Environmental Health Research 12, nr 1 (13.02.2024): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jaehr.1322.

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Background: In regions with heightened pollutant concentrations, especially in industrial and urban areas, dust plays a crucial role in carrying complex metal components, posing environmental challenges and health risks. This study utilized pollution indicators and geographic information system (GIS) to delineate the spatial distribution of heavy metals in the Arak plain. Methods: Dust samples from 30 stations across the Arak plain were systematically collected through random sampling. Analysis using inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-OES) allowed the calculation of pollution indices (PI) and the Nemerow Integrated Pollution Index (NIPI) for lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and iron (Fe). GIS generated spatial distribution maps depicting metal pollution. Results: The average concentrations were 45.5 mg/kg for Pb, 10.7 mg/kg for Zn, 0.47 mg/kg for Cu, 30.8 mg/kg for Ni, and 0.206 mg/kg for Fe. Analysis of PI, NIPI, and spatial distribution maps revealed heightened pollution in the northeast, center, south, and southwest areas of the Arak plain, attributed to human activities like heavy vehicle traffic, high population density, concentrated agriculture, and specific industrial operations. Conclusion: The study recommends mitigation strategies, including biological methods like phytoremediation, promotion of public transportation, mandatory environmental standards for industries, and encouragement of green practices. These initiatives aim to address and reduce environmental pollution in the Arak plain.

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Ayrapetyan, V. T., i A. Dzh Minasyan. "The ecology and distribution of the Indian crested porcupines in the fauna of Artsakh". BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES OF KAZAKHSTAN 3 (wrzesień 2021): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.52301/1684-940x-2021-3-53-60.

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In the fauna of Artsakh, there is no information on the order of rodents, especially on porcupines, that can give a clear idea of the distribution, ecology and biology of these animals. The data presented in the literature are either fragmentary or outdated and incomplete. Thereby, the results of research carried out by us in the foothill and mountain zones of the Askeran, Martakert, Karvachar and Kashatag regions of Artsakh in the period of 1999-2020 are presented in the article. The paper discusses the dynamics of the porcupine population, changes and their causes, the habitat of these animals and the distribution of their nests, humidity and temperature in the nests. Particular attention is paid to the types of their daily and seasonal activities, depending on climatic conditions and temperature. The article presents the breeding time of porcupines, the dependence on vertical zoning, the composition of forages and their changes depending on the season.

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Chang, Eunmi, i Heeju Jin. "Geospatial Analyses on Changes in Land Parcels for Religions: Ten Year Change between 2008 and 2018 before COVID 19". Association of Korean Cultural and Historical Geographers 34, nr 2 (30.08.2022): 89–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.29349/jchg.2022.34.2.89.

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Religions are recognized as having a great influence on Korean society, although the number of those who have religion has decreased. We tried to extract spatial statistics on the distribution of religious sites using the zoning information of the Korea Land Information System and to interpret their meanings. Nationally, the religious population decreased by 15% in 2015 compared to 2005, while the number of parcels for religions increased by 38% in 2018 compared to 2008. The total areas of parcels for religions increased 42%. In addition, parcels for religions showed a cluster distribution, and the degree of clustering in 2018 increased in comparison with that in 2008 across Korea. We investigated Busan Metropolitan City in detail. In this case, we found very low correlation between the total population and areas of parcels for religion, and that both Kangseo-gu, new-developed area and youngdo-ku, old town showed an increase in a huge cluster. We discussed the meanings of statistical figures and the necessity of qualitative and quantitative research.

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GRAY, THOMAS N. E., NIGEL J. COLLAR, PETER J. A. DAVIDSON, PAUL M. DOLMAN, TOM D. EVANS, HARRY N. FOX, HONG CHAMNAN, RO BOREY, SENG KIM HOUT i ROBERT N. VAN ZALINGE. "Distribution, status and conservation of the Bengal Florican Houbaropsis bengalensis in Cambodia". Bird Conservation International 19, nr 1 (marzec 2009): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095927090800765x.

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SummaryThe Bengal Florican is a ‘Critically Endangered’ bustard (Otididae) restricted to India, Nepal and southern Indochina. Fewer than 500 birds are estimated to remain in the Indian subcontinent, whilst the Indochinese breeding population is primarily restricted to grasslands surrounding the Tonle Sap lake, Cambodia. We conducted the first comprehensive breeding season survey of Bengal Florican within the Tonle Sap region (19,500 km2). During 2005/06 and 2006/07 we systematically sampled 1-km squares for territorial males. Bengal Florican were detected within 90 1-km squares at a mean density of 0.34 males km−2 which, accounting for unequal survey effort across grassland blocks, provides a mean estimate of 0.2 males km−2. Based on 2005 habitat extent, the estimated Tonle Sap population is 416 adult males (333–502 ± 95% CI), more than half of them in Kompong Thom province. Tonle Sap grasslands are rapidly being lost due to intensification of rice cultivation and, based on satellite images, we document declines of 28% grassland cover within 10 grassland blocks between January 2005 and March 2007. Based on mean 2005 population densities the remaining grassland may support as few as 294 adult male florican, a decline of 30% since 2005. In response to these habitat declines almost 350 km2 of grassland have been designated as protected areas, set aside for biodiversity and local livelihoods. Conservation activities in these areas include participatory land-use zoning, patrols reporting new developments to government officials, awareness-raising and incentive-led nest protection schemes.

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Taufiq, Muh, Murshal Manaf i Ilham Alimuddin. "Zonasi Sekolah Dalam Upaya Pemerataan Akses Pendidikan : Analisis Keruangan Pada Sebaran Sekolah Menengah Atas di Kota Parepare". Urban and Regional Studies Journal 6, nr 1 (30.12.2023): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.35965/ursj.v6i1.3810.

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Dengan menggunakan pendekatan keruangan (spatial approach) lengkap: 1) Spastial Pattern Analisyst dengan metode Complete Spatial Randomness (CSR) dari tolls Analisyst Nearest network (ANN), 2) Voronoi Analisyst, 3) Breaking Point Analisyst, 4) Service Area Analisyst, dan 5) Location-Allocation Models, untuk menganalisis kontribusi penerapan sistem zonasi sekolah terhadap pemerataan akses pendidikan secara spasial di Kota Parepare, model spasial zonasi sekolah untuk pemerataan akses pendidikan di Kota Parepare, dan kontribusi zonasi sekolah terhadap pembentukan struktur ruang di Kota Parepare. Sistim Zonasi sekolah berkontribusi positif dalam mendistribusikan responden peserta didik pada wilayah administratifnya dan liputan zonanya masing-masing. Pola random dari distribusi sekolah SMA Negeri di Parepare dengan rerata jarak 1.794,89 meter, pola cluster dari distribsi spasial untuk cluster pemukiman dengan jarak rata-rata 345.7139 Meter, dan pola cluster dari distribusi responden peserta didik SMA dengan jarak rata-rata 113.9075 Meter, menunjukkan adanya equalitas dan opportunitas spasial yang baik, diperkuat dengan mayoritas objek berada pada jangkauan dibawah 3000 Meter dari pusat zona. Secara demografis dan Angka Partisipasi Sekolah, Kota Parepare membutuhkan 2 hingga 4 buah sekolah SMA untuk mengakomodir 12,847 jiwa penduduk usia 15-19 tahun dari data penduduk tahun 2021, sementara kenyataannya Kota Parepare memiliki 31 buah SMA/SMK sederajat, sehingga banyak diantaranya kekurangan peserta didik dan akhirnya tutup. Sementara itu deliniasi zona dengan pertimbangan spatial analisyst complit dengan Voronoi Analisyst, Breaking Point Analisyst, Service Area Analisyst, dan Location-Alocation model menghasilkan distribusi liputan zona seluas 1.883.177 M2 untuk zona UPT SMAN 1 Parepare, 46.829.400 M2 untuk zona UPT N 2 Parepare, 31.960.090 M2 untuk zona UPT SMAN 3 Parepare, dan 16.196.590 M2 untuk Zona UPT N 4 Parepare. Sistim zonasi juga berperan terhadap pembentukan struktur ruang di Kota Parepare pada fungsi kegiatan kota terutama pada karakteristtik struktur layanan fasilitas pendidikannya dengan cakupan layanan fasilitas yang terdiri dari 4 pusat zona SMA Negeri yang melayani 13 SMP Negeri, dan 95 sekolah dasar dalam hirarki layanannya. Dalam menghubungkan pusat-pusat layanan dan cluster pemukiman menuju ke pusat zona, struktur jaringan transportasinya menghasilkan 10 koridor rute transportasi untuk perencanaan jaringan transportasi penunjang mobilitas harian pelajar dalam mendukung sistim zonasi sekolah SMA Negeri di Kota Parepare. By using a complete spatial approach: 1) Spatial Pattern Analysis with Complete Spatial Randomness (CSR) method from tolls Analyst Nearest network (ANN), 2) Voronoi Analyst, 3) Breaking Point Analyst, 4) Service Area Analyst, and 5) Location-Allocation Models, to analyze the contribution of the application of the school zoning system to spatial distribution of access to education in Parepare City, school zoning spatial model for equal distribution of access to education in Parepare City, and the contribution of school zoning to the formation of spatial structure in Parepare City. The school zoning system contributes positively in distributing student respondents in their respective administrative area and zoning coverage. The random pattern of the distribution of public senior high school in Parepare with an average distance of 1,794.89 meters, the cluster pattern of spatial distribution for residential clusters with an average distance of 345, 7139 meters, and the cluster pattern of the distribution of respondent to high school student with an average distance of 113, 9075 meters. It indicates the existance of good spatial equality and opportunism, It is reinforced with the majority of objects located at ranges below to 3000 meters from the center of the zone. Demographically and school enrollment rates, Parepare needs 2 to 4 high school to accommodate 12.847 people aged 15 to 19 years from the average population in 2021, while in reality the city of Parepare has 31 senior high school and vocational high school, so that many of them lack students and eventually close. Meanwhile, the delineation of zones with consideration of spatial analysis is complete with Voronoi analysis. Breaking Point Analysis, Service Area Analysis, and Location-Allocation model resulted in a zone coverage distribution of 1,883,177 M2 for the UPT SMAN 1 Parepare zone, 46,829,400 M2 for the UPT N zone 2 Parepare, 31,960,090 M2 for the UPT SMAN 3 Parepare zone, and 16,196,590 M2 for the UPT N 4 Parepare zone. Zoning system also plays a role in the formation of spatial structure in the city of Parepare on the function of urban activity especially in the characteristics of its education facility service structure with a facility service coverage consisting of 4 senior high school zone centers serving 13 public junior high school, and 95 primary school in the service hierarchy. In connecting service centers and residential cluster to the zone center, the transportation network structure produces 10 transportation route corridors for transportation networking planning to support student’s daily mobility in supporting the zoning system of the senior high school in the city of Parepare

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Korabel'nikov, Ivan. "Production and economic features of agricultural zoning: regional aspect". Agrarian Bulletin of the 223, nr 08 (31.08.2022): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2022-223-08-81-90.

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Abstract. Purpose. The article is devoted to the study of spatial differentiation of the basic conditions for the development of agricultural production and the identification of production and economic features of agricultural zoning of the Volgograd region, the parameters of which determine the development of priority areas and tools for the territorial development of the agrarian economy of the region. Methods. The methodological basis of this article is formed by the general scientific principles of the territorial (spatial) approach; methods of analysis – computational and constructive, system analysis, expert assessments, economic and statistical; the basic research tool is agricultural zoning, the practical use of which makes it possible to identify peculiar territorial formations with their characteristic production and economic features. Scientific novelty. The presented generalization of the spatial differentiation of the basic conditions for the development of agricultural production in the region made it possible to identify the production and economic features of agricultural zoning, manifested in: pronounced natural zonality of the distribution of agricultural productive forces; changes in the nature and production and economic proportions of agricultural production when moving from north to south and from west to east; local manifestations of contrasts “center – periphery” in the countryside. Results. Within the framework of the substantiation of the production and economic specifics of the zoning of rural territories of the Volgograd region, the parameters of specialization, settlement of the population and its self-sufficiency with agricultural food, as well as the efficiency of the functioning of agricultural production were investigated. Processing of a set of socio-economic indicators made it possible to argue the priorities of territorial development of agricultural production in agricultural areas, the essence of which is: the need for regulatory influence from the state to stimulate the processes of diversification of activities and compliance with scientifically sound crop rotations on the most fertile lands of the region; comprehensive investment (concessional lending and targeted project financing, subsidies and subsidies) and infrastructure (development of land reclamation, cooperation, logistics and processing) support for livestock and feed production in the arid areas of the region.

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Gorin, I. O., V. S. Petrushenko, Yu S. Zapisetskaya, S. M. Koshel i O. P. Balanovsky. "Population-based biobank for analyzing the frequencies of clinically relevant DNA markers in the Russian population: bioinformatic aspects". Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention 19, nr 6 (31.12.2020): 2732. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2020-2732.

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One of the tasks of population-based biobanks is to determine the frequencies of clinically relevant genetic polymorphisms in the population. The population of Russia is very heterogeneous both ethnically and genetically. Therefore, the frequencies of genetic markers are in demand not in one sample, but in a series of samples reflecting the heterogeneity of the gene pool of different peoples and regions.Aim. To divide the population of Russia and neighboring countries into population groups meeting certain conditions, as well as having a representative sample in existing data and biobanks.Material and methods. We developed a method for combining populations into larger groups with maintaining intragroup homogeneity based on the principal components analysis with K-means clustering, followed by refinement of clustering for higher homogeneity and a more equal distribution of group sizes using FST distances. The technology has been adjusted using the example of the Biobank of Northern Eurasia. Therefore, the material was the genome-wide data on 4.5 million genetic markers for 1,883 samples representing 247 populations of Russia and neighboring countries from this biobank. The developed approach, the resulting set of populations and related map can be applied for other collections of biomaterials from Russian populations.Results. Application of this approach made it possible to divide the entire population of Russia and neighboring countries into 29 ethnogeographic groups, characterized by relative genetic homogeneity. This set of populations is recommended as a baseline for population screenings to identify the frequency of any genetic markers among the population of Russia. A map has been constructed showing the division of population into 29 ethnogeographic areas.Conclusion. On the basis of a reliable genome-wide data, the zoning of gene pool of the Russian population was carried out. We identified ethnogeographic groups with intergroup contrasting allele frequencies, but at the same time with relatively homogeneous intragroup parameters. The resulting map and register of groups can be used in population genetic, medical genetic and pharmacogenetic studies.

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Hou, Sixuan, Peng Zhou, Yanming Fang, Xuejie Wang, Min Zhang i Qiang Zhang. "The Genetic Diversity of Natural Ilex chinensis Sims (Aquifoliaceae) Populations as Revealed by SSR Markers". Forests 15, nr 5 (26.04.2024): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15050763.

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Ilex chinensis Sims. is an evergreen tree species native to China and mainly distributed in the region south of the Qinling Mountains and the Huai River. This species has important ornamental, medicinal, ecological, and economic values, and plays a positive role in improving the environment and people’s lives. To reveal the genetic diversity and genetic structure of 401 individuals from 14 populations in the major distribution area of I. chinensis, 11 pairs of SSR primers were selected for PCR amplification. The products were then subjected to capillary electrophoresis, and the genetic diversity of Ilex individuals was analyzed using relevant software. The results showed that the genetic diversity of I. chinensis was at a moderate-to-high level. A total of 54 alleles were detected at 11 SSR loci in the 14 Ilex populations, with an average of 4.831 alleles per locus. AMOVA analysis indicated that the genetic variation of I. chinensis populations mainly originated within populations. A STRUCTURE analysis divided the 401 I. chinensis individuals into four different genetic clusters. The unweighted pair group methods using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) clustering based on Nei’s genetic distance revealed that the population from Xinping of Yuxi, Yunnan Province (XP), and the population from Longan of Qianxinan, Guizhou Province (LoA) were located in the outermost layer of the phylogenetic tree, indicating the furthest genetic relationship between these two population and other populations. The remaining populations could be roughly divided into two groups. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) demonstrated that the 401 individuals were clearly divided into three groups, which was consistent with the results of the STRUCTURE analysis and UPGMA clustering. This study identified the hotspots of genetic diversity of I. chinensis, as well as units for the conservation of individuals. It also revealed the patterns of genetic variation and population distribution of I. chinensis in different regions, providing a molecular basis for the geographical zoning and formulation of breeding programs for I. chinensis, as well as germplasm resource management.

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Prestoroika, Era, Debbie Yuari Siallagan i Agus Eko Tejo Sasongko. "PENERAPAN KEBIJAKAN SISTEM ZONASI PENERIMAAN PESERTA DIDIK BARU (PPDB) JENJANG SEKOLAH DASAR DI KOTA PONTIANAK". Pendekar: Jurnal Pendidikan Berkarakter 5, nr 3 (30.09.2022): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/pendekar.v5i3.10656.

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Abstrak: Pelaksanaan PPDB Jenjang Sekolah Dasar dilakukan dengan sistem zonasi. Sistem zonasi adalah sistem yang mewajibkan anak didik untuk mengenyam pendidikan di sekolah yang radiusnya terdekat dari tempat tinggalnya. Dengan adanya sistem zonasi diharapkan adanya pemerataan sekolah dan meningkatkan akses layanan pendidikan di sekolah negeri. Akan tetapi dalam pelaksanaannya terdapat banyak permasalahan, mengenai sebaran sekolah yang tidak merata dikarenakan jumlah penduduk yang tidak merata pada suatu daerah, minimnya sosialisasi yang mengakibatkan banyak orang tua siswa yang belum paham dan mengerti mengenai sistem zonasi, pihak sekolah dan pihak pemerintah setempat tidak bisa memastikan batas-batas zonasi sehingga ada calon peserta didik baru tidak bisa mendaftarkan diri dan gagal masuk ke sekolah terdekat padahal berada dalam zonasi. Terakhir mengenai daya tampung server yang masih minim untuk bisa diakses secara bersamaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah mengetahui penerapan sistem zonasi penerimaan peserta didik baru jenjang sekolah dasar di Kota Pontianak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Tehnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa unsur pelaksana kebijakan ini yaitu dinas pendidikan, pihak sekolah, dan orang tua siswa belum memahami sepenuhnya mengenai isi dari sebuah kebijakan. Sekolah yang tidak merata di tiap kecamatan, khususnya di kecamatan Pontianak Timur terjadi lonjakan pertumbuhan penduduk yang tidak diiringi dengan jumlah sekolah dasar serta ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana sekolah. implementor juga belum memiliki kapabilitas dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan yang tidak langsung memberikan solusi atas permasalahan yang terjadi di dinas maupun di sekolah.Abstract: The implementation of New Student Admission the Elementary School Level is carried out with a Zoning System. This system requires students to receive education in schools that are the closest radius from where they live. With the zoning system, it is hoped that there will be equity in schools and increase access to education services in public schools. However, in its implementation there are many problems, such as the uneven distribution of schools due to the uneven population in an area, the lack of socialization which results in many parents of students who do not understand and understand the zoning system, the school and the local government which are not able ensure the boundaries of zoning so that prospective new students cannot register and fail to enter the nearest school even though they are in the zoning. Furthermore, regarding the server capacity which is still minimal to be accessed simultaneously. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of the zoning system for the acceptance of new students at the elementary school level in Pontianak. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method with interviews, observations and documentation studies as data collections. The research findings showed that the implementing elements of this policy, namely the education office, the school, and parents of students did not fully understand the policy. Schools are not evenly distributed in each sub-district, especially in the sub-district of East Pontianak, there is a surge in population growth which is not accompanied by the number of primary schools and the availability of school facilities and infrastructure. In addition, the implementor also does not have the capability to solve problems that do not directly provide solutions to problems that occur at the office or at school.

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Novikova, Svetlana A. "Zoning of the city of Shelekhov, Irkutsk agglomeration, based on the assessment of acoustic pollution". RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety 31, nr 4 (15.12.2023): 510–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2023-31-4-510-520.

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The study carried out the zoning of the city of Shelekhov, based on the assessment of acoustic pollution of the territory. Field observations were made and the number of vehicles moving along intracity roads and the federal highway R-258 “Baikal” was calculated. With the help of sound level meters, instrumental measurements were made in the daytime and at night, and maps of the sound pressure level of the road network were built. The calculation of statistical characteristics was carried out and the daily course of the distribution of the noise level on the main and secondary roads was constructed. The analysis of the obtained results and their comparison with the established sanitary standards for their excess was carried out. Evidence has been identified to support the implementation of strategies aimed at reducing acoustic pollution and, as a result, creating favorable conditions for the population to live.

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Antipov, Vitaly Vasilievich, i Mikhail Grigorevich Dvornikov. "Monitoring and prospects for conservation and rational use of the resources of the Eurasian beaver (<i>Castor fiber</i> Linnaeus, 1758) on the example of the Samara Region". Samara Journal of Science 10, nr 3 (1.09.2021): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv2021103102.

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The paper examines characteristics of the Eurasian beaver population (Castor fiber Linnaeus, 1758) on territories with different anthropogenic load. Monitoring the beaver population and habitat, including the landscape basis and natural zoning with the allocation of natural, natural-anthropogenic and anthropogenic territories as natural ecological systems allows you to manage and rationally use the resources of these animals. Previously there were mainly natural territories in the studied region, however with the growth of the human population and its economic activity their properties have changed. According to biotic criteria, geochemical circulation, significant (formerly natural) territories functionally already correspond to natural-anthropogenic and anthropogenic objects, since the supply of fodder, population density and density of animals have changed. According to natural zoning, taking into account the identified changes in the habitat of beavers (by biotic criteria), we have examined their territorial distribution as well as the number of settlements in various natural objects of the region. On the studied rivers the density of the beaver population in the channel decreases in the following order: natural territory natural-anthropogenic anthropogenic, but the indicator of private abundance (the density of animals on the territory where beavers live directly) and aggregation (crowding of individuals) increases. The population density of the river bed of the studied rivers by beavers on anthropogenic territories is from 0,93,7 individuals/km, which is lower than on natural and natural-anthropogenic territories, where this indicator is from 1,5 to 6 individuals/km. The length of the river bed, where beavers live directly, without taking into account significant buffer zones, varies in natural areas from 60 to 100%, which is more than in areas with anthropogenic load, where this indicator in the study area decreases to 40%. A decrease in the size of river channel sections suitable for beaver colonization leads to overcrowding (aggregation) of individuals. Compared with the total density of beaver population in the river channel 0,93,7 individuals/km of the channel (excluding the Kondurcha River 6 individuals/km of the channel) the population density, locally, on anthropogenic and natural-anthropogenic territories increases to 47,5 individuals/km.

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Rezagama, Arya, Endro Sutrisno, Joko Susilo, Ervando Tommy i Nosa Ajulva Lovely. "Redesign of distribution network of Central Demak District". Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability 2, nr 1 (26.05.2018): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/sustinere.jes.v2i2.34.

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Demak is a growing regency which is located in Central Java Province. The growth is mainly in the industrial sector and population settlement. Demak Waterwork Company has served 21.178 customers with the capacity flow of 159.33 l/s which is predicted to reach 300 l/s or double in the next 10 years in 2027. The Water Distribution Networks (WDN) was developed in a large zonation that resulted in the flow of water not being properly managed. The lack of water supply due to low the pressure especially at peak hours, the level of leakage, and the difficulty to detect leakage are potential to be a serious problem that should be solved. The objectives of this study include projecting of demand for drinking water in the 2036 and designing a zoning system to meet future needs of drinking water. This study applied epanet modelling to simulate the water network system in existing and predicted condition. The result showed that in selecting the pipe for replacement, some aspects to be considered including the characteristics of pipes, pipe materials and pipe size based on the load of drinking water to be carried. Some developmental strategies e.g improving the capacity, establishing zones, and resizing the pump capacity will improve the reliability and efficiency of the water distribution network. The pressure model resulted in enough value to supply the whole area of more than 0.5 bar in service pipe.

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Haideichuk, Andrii, Eduard Kuzmenko, Serhii Bagriy i Ihor Chepurnyi. "Assessment of the state of bridge crossings and geoinformation spatial analysis of regional engineering and geological conditions of their operation". Scientific Herald of Chernivtsi University. Geography, nr 845 (29.11.2023): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/geo.2023.845.132-141.

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The article is devoted to the assessment of engineering and geological conditions of the Ivano-Frankivsk region, as a possible factor influencing the safe operation of bridges and bridge overpasses. An analysis of the condition of the bridges was carried out according to age characteristics and the location of the structure in accordance with the engineering and geological zoning of the study area. The possible impact of landslide processes on bridges and bridge crossings was investigated using GIS methods. Reconstruction of bridges is associated with the emergency state of the bridge crossing, which arose as a result of external influences, including as a result of natural phenomena – floods, mudflows, landslides, coastal erosion, changes in the watercourses. These phenomena are especially relevant for the territory of the Carpathian region. The distribution of bridges in relation to their total number on the territory of Ivano-Frankivsk region by year is given, and the connection of their location with engineering and geological zoning is indicated. It is shown that the number of reconstructed bridges is related to the maximum total monthly precipitation. The influence of the development of dangerous exogenous geological processes on the operation of bridge crossings was assessed using the methods of geoinformation analysis. The impact of landslide processes on the state of bridges was studied. The analysis of the histograms of the distribution of the distance from the bridge to the landslide object measured by map layers in the GIS environment shows the differences in the distributions in connection with the distance to the landslides for the reconstructed bridges, which indicates the need to differentiate the assessment of damage threats. The applied statistical non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test for the series of distances to landslides and meandering coefficients of watercourses in the area of the bridges, according to the indicator of grouping - the presence or absence of reconstructions, revealed that the samples by grouping for two types of bridges, reconstructed and not reconstructed, according parameters of distances to landslides and tortuosity coefficients, are dependent, that is, they belong to the same general population. Therefore, the distance to the landslide and the meandering coefficient of the channel are not the determining factors that affect the fact of the reconstruction of the bridge. Further analysis of the stability of bridges and bridge crossings through a detailed study of the engineering and geological conditions of the research area and the dynamics of the state of watercourses with the involvement of GIS tools should be considered logical and justified. Keywords: exogenous geological processes, landslides, engineering-geological zoning, bridge crossings, geoinformation analysis.

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VÁZQUEZ-LUIS, M., D. MARCH, E. ALVAREZ, D. ALVAREZ-BERASTEGUI i S. DEUDERO. "Spatial distribution modelling of the endangered bivalve Pinna nobilis in a Marine Protected Area". Mediterranean Marine Science 15, nr 3 (26.09.2014): 626. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.796.

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The spatial distribution of Pinna nobilis densities have been analysed through a geostatistical approach in the MPA of Cabrera National Park, Balearic Islands (Spain), Western Mediterranean Sea. Regression kriging was used to model the effect of environmental variables on the density of living individuals of P. nobilis and generate a predictive map of its distribution within the MPA. The environmental variables considered for the model were: depth; slope; habitat type and heterogeneity; wave exposure; and MPA zoning. A total of 378 transects were randomly distributed with a total of 149,000 m2 surveyed at a depth range from 4.2 to 46 m. The recorded P. nobilis densities are among the highest in the Mediterranean Sea. With respect to the prediction model, results indicate that benthic habitats play a key role in the spatial distribution of P. nobilis, with higher densities in seagrass meadows of Posidonia oceanica. The fan mussel population density peaked at 9 m depth, decreasing with depth. Also, decreasing densities are expected with increasing exposure to waves. The predicted map shows some hotspots of density different in size and distributed along the MPA, and provides valuable information for the spatial conservation management of this species.

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Ustaoglu, Eda, i Mustafa Erdem Kabadayı. "Reconstruction of Residential Land Cover and Spatial Analysis of Population in Bursa Region (Turkey) in the Mid-Nineteenth Century". Land 10, nr 10 (13.10.2021): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10101077.

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The historic reconstruction of residential land cover is of significance to uncover the human-environment relationship and its changing dynamics. Taking into account the historical census data and cadastral maps of seven villages, this study generated residential land cover maps for the Bursa Region in the 1850s using a model based on natural constraints, land zoning, socio-economic factors and residential suitability. Two different historical reconstructions were generated; one based on a high density residential model and another based on a low density model. The simulated landcover information was used as an ancillary data to redistribute aggregated census counts to fine scale raster cells. Two different statistical models were developed; one based on probability maps and the other applying regression models including Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models. The regression models were validated with historical census data of the 1840s. From regression models, socio-economic and physical characteristics, accessibility and natural amenities showed significant impacts on the distribution of population. Model validation analysis revealed that GWR is more accurate than OLS models. The generated residential land cover and gridded population datasets can provide a basis for the historical study of population and land use.

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Ustaoglu, Eda, i Mustafa Erdem Kabadayı. "Reconstruction of Residential Land Cover and Spatial Analysis of Population in Bursa Region (Turkey) in the Mid-Nineteenth Century". Land 10, nr 10 (13.10.2021): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10101077.

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The historic reconstruction of residential land cover is of significance to uncover the human-environment relationship and its changing dynamics. Taking into account the historical census data and cadastral maps of seven villages, this study generated residential land cover maps for the Bursa Region in the 1850s using a model based on natural constraints, land zoning, socio-economic factors and residential suitability. Two different historical reconstructions were generated; one based on a high density residential model and another based on a low density model. The simulated landcover information was used as an ancillary data to redistribute aggregated census counts to fine scale raster cells. Two different statistical models were developed; one based on probability maps and the other applying regression models including Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models. The regression models were validated with historical census data of the 1840s. From regression models, socio-economic and physical characteristics, accessibility and natural amenities showed significant impacts on the distribution of population. Model validation analysis revealed that GWR is more accurate than OLS models. The generated residential land cover and gridded population datasets can provide a basis for the historical study of population and land use.

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Zhivotovsky, L. A., E. V. Podorozhnyuk, S. E. Kulbachnyi, M. V. Shitova, T. A. Rakitskaya, A. I. Nikiforov, G. A. Rubtsova i K. I. Afanasyev. "Ecogeographic Units and Management Units of Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus keta of the Amur Zoogeographic Province". Journal of Ichthyology 61, nr 4 (lipiec 2021): 585–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0032945221040160.

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Abstract— Using the example of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta in the Amur zoogeographic province, we review the principle of subdividing the species into population groups. On the basis of zoogeographic zoning and biological boundaries of chum salmon groups defined by the spawning areas, taking into account the distribution, migration, and reproduction, as well as estimates of their differentiation using microsatellite DNA markers, we identified eight ecogeographic units in the Amur province. In the Amur zoogeographic region of this province, these included the summer chum salmon of the Amur-Amgun ecoregion and the autumn chum salmon of the Lower Amur (Amur-Amgun and Amur-Ussuri ecoregions); in the Shantar zoogeographic region of the province, the Uda-Tugur and Ulban groups; in the Sakhalin part of the Amur province, groups from the northwestern and northeastern Sakhalin, as well as summer and autumn chum salmon from the Poronai River. These ecogeographic units can be considered as basic spawning management units of chum salmon for this part of the species distribution range.

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Wash, Peter Musa, Shida Irwana Omar, Badaruddin Mohamed i Mohd Ismail Isa. "THE PROVISION OF RECREATIONAL FACILITIES: THE POLICY PERSPECTIVE". Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Environment 9, nr 1 (24.02.2022): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/myse.v9i1.17300.

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Recreation is essential to human life, but the facilities are in short supply. This paper examines the distribution of recreational facilities concerning policies and strategies in Greater Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. The data were drawn from the study utilizing Multiple methods - integrated qualitative and quantitative analysis. The qualitative method employs ArcGIS software to determine the distribution of various recreational activity areas. For the quantitative method, a field questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data within the ten sectors of the study area using a simple random sampling, and the data were analysed descriptively using the SPSS software. The study found out that the distribution of the recreational facilities is not according to the policy of a neighbourhood, lacks appropriateness, insufficient to meet the population threshold. This affects the distance journey to recreation and deprives them of the desire for social integration. The study focused on the Greater Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria, reflecting a specific developing country with attendant inadequate facilities and services. The paper discussed the distribution as it affects the ten (10) zoning/sectors of the Greater Jos. Based on the problems mentioned above, suggestions were proffered towards observing maximum adherence to the implementation of policies and strategies that would help in achieving equity and adequate distribution of recreational facilities globally, especially in Greater Jos, Nigeria.

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Mancuso, Francesco Paolo, Gianluca Sarà i Anna Maria Mannino. "Conserving Marine Forests: Assessing the Effectiveness of a Marine Protected Area for Cystoseira sensu lato Populations in the Central Mediterranean Sea". Plants 13, nr 2 (6.01.2024): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13020162.

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Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are vital for biodiversity conservation, yet their effectiveness in preserving foundation seaweeds remains understudied. This study investigates the diversity and distribution of Cystoseira sensu lato (including Cystoseira, Ericaria, and Gongolaria, hereafter referred to as Cystoseira s.l.) populations in an MPA located in the central Mediterranean Sea, comparing them with those in two unprotected sites. We hypothesized MPA Cystoseira s.l. populations would display higher diversity and structure compared to outside unprotected sites. Results revealed a total of 19 Cystoseira s.l. species at depths of 0–20 m, with the MPA exhibiting a higher diversity than unprotected sites. Thus, MPAs can play a crucial role in fostering the diversity of Cystoseira s.l. populations. However, no significant differences were observed among the MPA’s protection zones, raising questions about the zoning effectiveness. Additionally, our survey uncovered a substantial presence of non-indigenous seaweeds within the MPA. In conclusions, while MPAs improved Cystoseira s.l. diversity compared to unprotected sites, the varying efficacy of protection within MPA zones suggested a necessity for site-specific conservation strategies. The presence of non-indigenous seaweeds emphasizes ongoing challenges. This study provides a baseline for understanding Cystoseira s.l. population dynamics, crucial for future monitoring and conservation efforts in the face of global change.

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Koriashkina, L. S., S. V. Dziuba, S. A. Us, O. D. Stanina i M. M. Odnovol. "Two-stage problems of optimal location and distribution of the humanitarian logistics system’s structural subdivisions". Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, nr 1 (29.02.2024): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2024-1/130.

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Purpose. To ensure the rational organization of the evacuation of people from a region affected by an emergency by developing a mathematical and algorithmic toolkit that will allow for the early distribution of transport and material resources, maximizing coverage of the affected areas while minimizing evacuation time. Methodology. System analysis of evacuation processes; mathematical modeling, the theory of continuous problems of optimal partitioning of sets, non-differentiable optimization. Findings. The object of the study is the two-stage evacuation logistic processes that occur when serving the population of areas affected by emergencies of a natural or technogenic nature. The research considers the possibility of optimally distributing human flows within the transportation system, the structural subdivisions of which are first-stage centers (first aid stations that carry out the reception of citizens from areas affected by the disaster) and second-stage centers (specialized units of the emergency aid system that provide further services to the evacuated population). The proposed mathematical model deals with the problem of optimally partitioning a continuous set with the placement of subset centers and additional connections. Methods for its solution have been described. We demonstrate the versatility of these models, as they can be used to describe logistic evacuation processes, organize assembly points, intermediate locations, evacuation reception points, and those providing primary assistance to the affected population. We calculate the appropriate number of essential products and deliver them from existing warehouses through distribution centers to the affected areas. Originality. As preventive measures to increase the level of population safety during an emergency, we consider the optimal placement of rescue facilities and the zoning of the territory to distribute evacuation traffic. We also address the problem of the optimal distribution of human flows in the transport and logistics system. Practical value. The presented models, methods, and algorithms enable the solution of many practical problems related to the development of preventive measures and the planning of rescue operations to ensure the population’s safety in case of emergencies. The theoretical results obtained are translated into specific recommendations that can be utilized when addressing logistical problems related to the organization of primary evacuation of the population from affected areas and their subsequent transportation to safer locations for further assistance.

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Karpova, E. P., Cu Nguyen Dinh, S. V. Statkevich, Truong Ba Hai, I. I. Chesnokova, S. V. Kurshakov, E. R. Ablyazov, E. E. Slynko i Duong Thi Kim Chi. "ASSESSMENT OF THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MAIN RIVERS OF THE MEKONG DELTA AND THEIR ECOLOGICAL ZONING". Водные биоресурсы и среда обитания 6, nr 1 (2023): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47921/2619-1024_2023_6_1_20.

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The Mekong Delta is one of Asia's largest megadeltas. It is a region with unique biodiversity and the main food source for a large part of the population of Vietnam and Cambodia. The decrease in the biodiversity and resource capacity of the delta, associated with the growth of anthropogenic impact and other negative environmental factors, requires efforts to maintain its ecosystem in a state favorable for the life of aquatic organisms, for which the first step is to organize effective monitoring of aquatic communities. Its organization must consider the complex structure of the delta and related features of the physicochemical characteristics of the habitat. The mean and interval values of the parameters were as follows: transparency was 47.7±16.4 (10-100) cm; in the surface water layer, the temperature was 29.7±1.37 (26.0-33.3) °C, electrical conductivity was 5490.4±8392.5 (133-33623) µS/cm, total dissolved solids were 3556.2±5445.8 (86.5-21853), pH was 7.6±0.3 (6.9-8.4), and dissolved oxygen was 4.8±1.05 (3.0-8.9) mg/L; in the bottom water layer, the temperature was 29.6±1.43 (26.0-34.1) °C, electrical conductivity was 7671.4±11193.2 (125-37870) µS/cm, total dissolved solids were 4905.3±7199.8 (78.0-24615.5), pH was 7.6±0.3 (6.9-8.2), and dissolved oxygen was 4.6±1.00 (2.6-7.7) mg/L. The zoning of the delta, based on the knowledge of the environment, makes it possible to organize the monitoring process in the most rational way. Following the results of the analysis of physicochemical parameters, the boundaries of zones with different environmental conditions that affect the formation of fish communities have been determined. The main contributing factors are salinity (3 zones), oxygen regime (3 zones), and runoff distribution (4 zones). The interrelation between the delta zoning according to the hydrochemical regime and the structural features of the fish communities at the family level has been found, which further supports the idea that such zoning must be taken into consideration when organizing monitoring surveys.

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Kolycheva, A. A., S. I. Chumachenko, V. V. Kiseleva i A. Ju Agol’cov. "Analysis of the Stocks and Conditions of Harvesting for Forest Berries with Considering Their Spatial Distribution and Availability". Лесоведение, nr 5 (1.09.2023): 513–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0024114823050042.

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Within the framework of the multi-purpose forest management concept, the resource and economic potential of harvesting wild berries was analyzed under different forest management scenarios. As a tool for forecasting and analysis, scenario-based simulation was used to model the forest ecosystems dynamics under the clearcut and the selective felling management types. The object of research is the Pashe-Kapetskoe district forestry of the Leningrad Region, the calculation was carried out for a period of 120 years. Based on the forest condition types’, species composition and simulated illumination at the ground level data, the potential productivity of wild berries was calculated. The most productive resources on the territory were bilberry and lingonberries, the predicted yield of which reaches 25–48 t/ha and 7–15 t/ha respectively. Zoning of the territory was carried out according to the resources availability for industrial harvesting, taking into account the interests of the local population. 37–48% of the wild berries harvest was available for industrial harvesting, about 30% was allocated for the needs of the local population, and 27–36% of the resource remained in economically inaccessible areas. The most promising was the scenario with artificial restoration of 50% of the clearcut areas and a full maintenance cycle. For this scenario, the maximum profitability was predicted from both the food resources procurement (4.1–5.7 million rubles per year) and the harvesting of timber.

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Iravani, Ehsan, Majid Mirmohamadkhani, Elham Gholami i Mojtaba Soltani-Kermanshahi. "Zoning and Identifying the Affecting Factors in Premature Death Registration". Depiction of Health 13, nr 1 (12.03.2022): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/doh.2022.06.

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Background. Different types of death among people indicates both the extent to which people use different types of health care and the growth and development of a society. Premature mortality imposes a heavy burden on society in terms of health, economy, and mental issues. Given the preventability of these deaths, efforts are being made to reduce premature deaths by 25 percent ın hıgh level plans by 1404s. Methods. The purpose of this descriptive-analytical study, using death registration data, was to perform zoning of premature deaths in the cities supervised by Semnan University of Medical Sciences in Iran, it also investigated the factors affecting the premature deaths in order to reduce premature mortality especially among people at the age range of 30 to 69. Data were extracted based on the information of death certificates entered in the death registration system from 2013 to 2018. We, thus, studied 3619 registered deaths. The data were analyzed through SPSS software, using descriptive statistics (Relative Frequency, Mean, and Standard Deviation) and inferential tests (chi-square and independent t-test) according to the type of variables. The level of significance was set at 5 percent. Results. The mean and standard deviation of premature mortality was found to be 55.7 ± 10.6 and most of the deaths occurred in the seventh decade of their life. Premature mortality was more common among men, employed people, and urban residents. The major causes of premature mortality included cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and accidents. Conclusion. The results showed that accidents are the major cause of premature mortality at younger age, but they are gradually replaced by chronic and non-communicable diseases at the middle age. Therefore, in order to reduce the risk factors regarding premature mortality, collaboration of the related organizations is essential. Extended Abstract Background Different types of death among people indicates both the extent to which people use different types of health care and the growth and development of a society. Premature mortality also imposes a heavy burden on society in terms of health, economy, and mental issues. Given the preventability of premature mortality and the serious efforts to reduce premature mortality by 25 percent by 2025, we decided to conduct a study in this field under the title of ''Assessment of causes and Geographical distribution of early death in 30 to 69- year- old population covered by the Semnan University of Medical Science (SUMS) and its relation with Demographic characteristics: a 10 years cross-sectional study between 2009 to 2018''. Methods The population of this study included all cases of premature death in the population aged 30 to 69 years for whom a death certificate had been issued and registered in the death registration system under the supervision of the SUMS in Semnan Province. Semnan is one of the largest provinces of Iran including eight important cities. Six out of 8 cities including: 1-Garmsar, 2-Aradan, 3-Sorkhe, 4-Semnan, 5-Mahdishahr and 6-Damghan is supervised by the SUMS health network which was considered as population of this study from the year 2013 to 2018. Demographic information of the deceased was extracted and analyzed from the death registration system without using their personal information. This was a census study and the studied variables included causes of premature death (Cardiovascular diseases, malignant neoplasms, respiratory diseases, neurological diseases, accidents, traffic accidents, poisoning, kidney diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, infections, surgical complications and other causes) , age, gender(Male, Female), place of residence (urban and rural) and education. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis and independent chi-square and t-tests were used to analyze the relationship between variables according to the type of variable at a significance level of 5percent with SPSS software. Results A total of 3619 premature deaths occurred between the ages of 30 and of 69 from 2009 to 2018. The mean ± standard deviation of premature mortality was 55.7 ± 10.6 years. The highest number of premature deaths in 2011 was 18percent and the lowest was related to 2010 with 15.3percent. Premature mortality was more common in men, employed people, medical centers, illiterate and urban residents and most of the deaths occurred in the seventh decade their life. 39.3 percent of premature deaths was recorded in Semnan district. The major causes of premature mortality include cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and accidents. The prime cause of premature death was found to be cardiovascular diseases, accounting for 31.1 percent of all deaths, often resulting from heart attacks and atherosclerosis of various arteries and high blood pressure. The rate of annual premature mortality between 2009 and 2018was not related to the year of collection (P = 0.086). Only the number of premature deaths due to car accidents and surgical complications is the same in different age groups (p> 0.05). Cardiovascular diseases seem to increase significantly with age (p<0.001). Conclusion The results show that accidents at a young age are the major cause of premature mortality, but they are gradually being replaced by chronic and non-communicable diseases in the middle age.This study recommends the cooperation of organizations involved in the control of premature mortality, such as the Ministry of Roads and Transportation, Ministry of Urban development, and the Ministry of Health. Practical Implications of Research In order to reduce premature deaths and increase life expectancy, we must try to prevent accidents and the underlying causes of internal diseases, in addition to creating a culture of changing the lifestyle of citizens to reduce risk factors as much as possible. Ethical Consideration This research has been supported by Semnan University of Medical Sciences and health Services grant IR.SEMUMS.REC.1398.114 and its information has been extracted from the health deputy system with the permission of the university. Conflict of InterestsThe Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. Acknowledgement We would like to thank the Deputy Minister of Health at Semnan University of Medical Sciences for providing the necessary facilities for doing this research.

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Cherevatov, Oleksandr, i Nadiia Roshka. "Polymorphism of the СоІІ gene of honey bees in the western regions of Ukraine". Biolohichni systemy 12, nr 2 (23.12.2020): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/biosystems2020.02.174.

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Due to active human intervention in natural genetic and population processes, survival and distribution areas of honey bees have been negatively affected. Preservation of the gene pool of aboriginal bees that are well adapted to local environmental conditions is an urgent problem that cannot be solved without the use of molecular methods to monitor the genetic composition of local populations. This type of research requires the use of state-of-the-art approaches based on application of molecular markers. In the molecular taxonomy of insects, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase genes are widely used to identify closely related forms. The peculiarity of mtDNA is that it is maternally inherited, and the mitochondrial molecular markers are not separated by recombination. The СоІІ gene encoding the second subunit of cytochrome oxidase is widely used to descriminate the subspecies of honey bee. Therefore, to assess the distribution of different subspecies / breeds of Apis mellifera in Ukraine, the 5′-region of the СоІІ gene was sequenced and compared for bees from different geographical regions. In the CoII gene, base substitutions were found, which makes it possible to distinguish between honey bees of the Carpathian and Ukrainian steppe breeds, which are widespread in Ukraine. It has been revealed that the distribution of these breeds does not always correspond to the official zoning. The widespread practice in Ukraine of transporting the genetic material of Apis mellifera from different regions leads to uncontrolled hybridization and poses a threat to the preservation of aboriginal breeds of honey bees.

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Nartymov, Dmitriy, Elena Dubina, Evgeniy Kharitonov i Sergey Garkusha. "Zoning of rice growing territory of Krasnodar region by the set of features of Pyricularia oryzae Cav. isolation". BIO Web of Conferences 51 (2022): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20225104006.

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The geographical location and relief of the Krasnodar Territory determines a wide variety of agro-climatic and agro-technological conditions for the production of crops. On the territory of the Krasnodar Territory there is the largest part of agricultural land intended for the production of rice crops in Russia. Annual infection of rice plants with pathogenic Piricularia Orizae Cav. due to a wide range of strain diversity and indicates a significant dependence of the population genotype on the territorial distribution area. Therefore, the identification of zones that determine the conditions for the spread of blast within the population plays an important role in studying the dynamics of pathogen development in the territory of rice cultivation. The results of the research work showed that the Krasnodar rice growing area has a uniform landscape without sharp changes in the relief profile. The location of adjacent geographical objects affects the agro-climatic conditions of the southern part of the territory, which indicates the likelihood of isolation of the population of rice blast strains in the southern part of the rice growing area. An analysis of the agricultural zoning of the Krasnodar Territory showed the isolation of the southern part of the rice-growing territory according to the characteristics of the soil cover and the isolation of the conditions of agrotechnological measures. Features of the water regime of the irrigation systems of the Krasnodar Territory indicate the differentiation of the factors of infection and the spread of the pathogen on the basis of the isolation of irrigation flows. The territory has a clear division along the channels of the Kuban and Protoka rivers.

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Grishchenko, M. Y., N. M. Fazleeva, N. V. Shartova i M. G. Titova. "Satellite images interpretation for health studies of urban areas". GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 16, nr 3 (8.10.2023): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2023-2704.

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Every year a variety of vector-borne infectious diseases claims the lives of millions of people worldwide. The study of the favorable conditions for their vectors and hosts is a particularly important task for understanding the patterns of the distribution with the focus on the urban environment, characterizing by a high population density and rapid transmission of the diseases. The existing methodology of Local Climate Zones (LCZ), which are areas with homogeneous land surface coverage, structure, and a specific nature of human activity was the first attempt to standardize urban environmental studies and has become an international standard for the analysis of urban morphology. The article provides an algorithm for adapting the methodology of identifying LCZ accounting vegetation and water areas for the tasks of medical geographical zoning and assessment of epidemiological risks and using the geographic information technology. The examples of the outbreaks of vivax malaria in the Moscow region in 1999–2003 and West Nile fever in the Volgograd region in 2010–2011 were used. As a result, a methodology of medical geographical zoning based on the idea of fragmenting the classification of LCZ using the normalized difference water index as indicator of the favorability for vector habitats was developed. The use of the methodology made it possible to reveal that the areas of various LCZs change after outbreaks, which may reflect changes in conditions and an increase in the favorability for vectors. Thus, LCZ can be used as indicators of changes in the natural and man-made environment that can provoke disease outbreaks.

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Li, Xiangyu. "Repurposing Existing Infrastructure for Urban Air Mobility: A Scenario Analysis in Southern California". Drones 7, nr 1 (5.01.2023): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones7010037.

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The deployment of urban air mobility in built-out metropolitan regions is constrained by infrastructure opportunities, land use, and airspace zoning designations. Meanwhile, the availability and spatial distribution of infrastructure opportunities influence the travel demand that can be potentially captured by UAM services. The purpose of this study is to provide an initial assessment of the infrastructure opportunities of UAM in southern California with different mixes of spatial constraints, such as noise levels, school buffer zones, and airspace zones. The corresponding travel demand that can be potentially captured under each scenario is estimated with a home–workplace trip table. The results of the analyses indicate that supply-side infrastructure opportunities, such as heliports and elevated parking structures, are widely available to accommodate the regional deployment of UAM services. However, current spatial constraints can significantly limit the scope of vertiport location choices. Furthermore, the low-income population, blue-collar workers, and young people live farther away from supply-side opportunities than the general population. Moreover, this study proposes a network of UAM based on the top home-based and workplace-based stations for long-distance trips.

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Asmanova, M. A., i N. V. Lukyanenko. "Tuberculosis and HIV Infection: Spatial Distribution of Prevalence in the Altai Territory". Medicina 10, nr 1 (2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29234/2308-9113-2022-10-1-1-10.

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The aim of the study is to analyze the spatial distribution of the prevalence of tuberculosis, HIV infection and combined pathology in the Altai Territory. Materials and methods. The statistical data provided by the Department of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare in the Altai Territory, the Ministry of Health of the Altai Territory, Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Other Infectious Diseases, Altai Tuberculosis Dispensary on the incidence of tuberculosis and HIV infection were used. The ranking was carried out by the method of sigma deviations for all administrative territories of the Altai Territory for 2019, and the cartogram was plotted. Statistical processing and graphical representation of the data obtained was carried out using the programs Statistica 13.0, Microsoft Excel 2014, and ArcGIS. The preparation of the text of the work was carried out using the Microsoft Word 2014 program. Results. A territorial analysis of TB prevalence, HIV infection and the incidence of combined pathology indicated the spread of the zone characterized by an average incidence rate. The zones of high TB prevalence are defined as 5 territories (from 270.5 to 479.4.0 per 100 thousand population). Also, Barnaul, Biysk, Belokurikhinskaya and Rubtsovskaya were defined as zones of high prevalence of HIV infection (from 843.2 to 1158.3 per 100 thousand population). The territorial distribution of the incidence of combined pathology (Tuberculosis + HIV) mirrors the zoning of HIV prevalence in 4 main zones, and the fifth zone (Slavgorod) is set. Conclusion. The zones of high prevalence of HIV infection and tuberculosis were determined by the negative socio-economic conditions of the region's development. The involvement of young people in drug addiction at a low socio-economic level of the region ensured the rapid development of the epidemic process of this infection. Modern conditions characterized by the development of resort business and tourism have determined the formation of new zones with a high incidence rate.

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Padutov, V. E., D. I. Каgаn, S. I. Ivanovskaya, O. Yu Baranov i O. A. Razumova. "Territorial distribution alleles of SSR-loci of chloroplast DNA of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Belarus". Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus 65, nr 1 (25.02.2021): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-87-95.

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Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is one of the main forest forming species in Belarus, which cover 49.2 % of the country’s forested area. The aim of the study was to investigate spatial distribution of microsatellite (SSR) alleles (chloroplast DNA) and identify the features of the genetic structure and genogeographic differentiation of P. sylvestris populations in Belarus. Molecular genetic analysis of six SSR loci of Scotch pine cpDNA in samples form 73 naturally originated stands was carried out. 35 allelic variants of loci PCP1289, PCP4507, PCP83314, PCP71987, PCP26106, PCP30277 were identified. The analysis of the geographic distribution of the dominant allelic variants showed that the population structure of the pine forest is rather homogeneous. Certain regional differences in a number of cases were found for less common, but also widespread variants. One group of alleles is characterized by an increase or decrease in the frequency of occurrence in the direction from the southwest to the northeast. Another group includes allelic variants which share is maximal in the zone covering the Grodno region, the southwestern part of the Minsk region and the Gomel region, while to southwest and to northeast from this zone their frequency of occurrence decreases or is absent. A number of alleles were found only in one of the analyzed stands or in a limited area, which may indicate their local origin as a result of spontaneous mutations. The obtained results are important both from a general biological point of view in studying the evolution and formation of the genetic structure of P. sylvestris in Belarus, and from a practical point of view, since they allow to improve the forest seed zoning of the species.

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Pinheiro, Flavia Carnelli Frizzera, Hudson Tercio Pinheiro, João Batista Teixeira, Agnaldo Silva Martins i Marta Jussara Cremer. "Opportunistic Development and Environmental Disaster Threat Franciscana Dolphins in the Southeast of Brazil". Tropical Conservation Science 12 (styczeń 2019): 194008291984788. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940082919847886.

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The Franciscana dolphin ( Pontoporia blainvillei), a small cetacean endemic to southwestern Atlantic coastal waters, is the most endangered marine mammal species in the south Atlantic. In the Espírito Santo State, in southeastern Brazil, the Franciscana dolphin distribution overlaps regions suppressed and threatened by an intensive industrial and port development in the coastal zone. Moreover, most of Franciscana’s home range was recently impacted by the collapse of a dam that released millions of iron mining waste into the Atlantic Ocean. Considering the restricted coastal habitat of the species, these impacts can be considered an immediate threat, increasing the probability of local extinction of the species. This research calls attention to the necessity for improvement in the regional Environmental Impact Assessments, Conservation Action Plans, and to the development of an effective zoning for ports and conservation areas in the region. These actions could increase conservation efforts and mitigate the current and expected impacts on the Franciscana population in the Espírito Santo State.

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Leal, Fabrício Assis, Francisca Fabricia Bezerra de Souza i Glória Da Silva Almeida Leal. "ZONEAMENTO DE RISCOS DE INCÊNDIOS FLORESTAIS EM REGIÕES HOT SPOT DE FOCOS DE CALOR NO ESTADO DO ACRE". Nativa 7, nr 3 (30.04.2019): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v7i3.6768.

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O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar um zoneamento de riscos de incêndios florestais para a região Hot Spot de focos de calor no estado do Acre em 2016. Para identificar os municípios que fariam parte desta abordagem foi realizada análise de agrupamento Hot Spot. Após seleção dos municípios foram consideradas as seguintes variáveis para o zoneamento: declividade, orientação das encostas, altitude, rede viária, zonas urbanas, núcleos populacionais e uso do solo. Essas variáveis foram integradas por uma somatória em que todas elas receberam o mesmo peso. Os riscos foram classificados em cinco níveis, sendo: baixo, moderado, alto, muito alto e extremo. Ao todo, quatro municípios foram considerados Hot Spot e tiveram seu zoneamento de risco realizado. Entre as classes destacaram-se as de riscos Alto (24%), Moderado (25,5%) e Baixo (23,9%). Por outro lado, os riscos mais preocupantes tiveram porcentagem modestas, em relação as outras classes de risco, sendo risco Muito Alto com 14,1% da área total e risco Extremo com apenas 12,5% da área. Os resultados qualificados e quantificados do zoneamento de risco de incêndios foram de grande relevância, pois mostraram aquelas classes de riscos mais preocupantes por terem maior abrangência e maior alcance nas regiões Hot Spot de focos de calor.Palavras-chave: análise espacial, geoprocessamento, mapeamento geoespacial.MAPPING OF FORESTRY FIRE RISKS IN THE HOT SPOT REGION OF HEAT FOCUS, ACRE ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to carry out a risk zoning of forest fires in a region. To reach the outbreaks of heat and state of Acre in 2016. After the distribution of the answers, the altitude varied for zoning: slope, slope orientation, altitude, road network, urban areas, population centers and land use. These variables were integrated by a summation in all the same ones that received the weight. The touches were classified in low levels, being: low, moderate, high, very high and extreme. In all, four nations were Hot Spot stocks and had their risk zoning done. Among the classes, the highlights were High (24%), Moderate (25.5%) and Low (23.9%). On the other hand, the most worrisome risks were modest rates, in relation to the other risk classes, and the risk of capital loss was greater than 14.1% of the total area and Extreme risk with only 12.5% of the area. The indexes and quantification of fuel risk zoning were of great relevance, since they were found as more worrying risk classes due to a greater and greater extent in the regions.Keywords: geospatial analysis, geoprocessing, geospatial mapping.

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Thi-Quynh Nguyen i Thi-Hien Cao. "GIS-based infectious disease mapping: A case study of hotspots of dengue virus in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam". World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 16, nr 1 (30.11.2023): 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2023.16.1.0455.

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Background: Over the years, the incidences of dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) reported in Vietnam have been on the rise. Therefore, the objective of the study is to investigate the use of a Geographic Information System (GIS) in infectiou disease mapping. Methods: Histogram and Getis and Ord’s statistic will be employed to analyze the spatial distribution of DHF. More specifically, histogram will be firstly used to study the distribution of DHF. Getis Ord’s statistic-based spatial autocorrelation analysis will be then applied to detect spatial distribution of hotspots of DHF. Spatial distribution of DHF hotspot will be mapped with the help of a GIS. Finally, hotspot of DHF in August of 2023 in Ho Chi Minh city will be discussed. Results: it was found that a total of 3 hotspots and 1 coldspot was successfully detected. Three hotspots of DHF incidence were identified in the most dense and intense of the city's residential zoning districts in the west and south of the city including District 4 (11 cases/100,000 people), Binh Chanh (16 cases/100,000 people), Can Gio (5 cases/100,000 people). Whereas, a coldspot was also detected in Tan Phu (24 cases/100,000 people), a district in the city center. Conclusions: Findings in this study confirm the effectiveness use of GIS in infectious disease mapping of DHF incidence. These findings implicate human activities associated with population density, as main factors contributing to the spread of DHF.

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Liu, Yanan, Kening Wu, Xiaoliang Li, Xiao Li i Hailong Cao. "Adaptive Management of Cultivated Land Use Zoning Based on Land Types Classification: A Case Study of Henan Province". Land 11, nr 3 (25.02.2022): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11030346.

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Cultivated land serves as an important resource to ensure national food security, and how to allocate cultivated land reasonably and sustainably is an urgent problem that needs to be solved at present. Therefore, identifying land cultivability from the basic attributes of land and carrying out adaptive management measures in different zones is an effective way. Taking Henan province as a case study area, we proposed a research scheme for the adaptive management of cultivated land use zoning based on land types. First, a three-level land types classification system at the provincial level was established from five aspects—climate, topography, geology, soil properties, and hydrological conditions—and then Henan was divided into 39 first-level units, 4358 second-level units, and 6446 third-level units. On this basis, the changes in the status of land use in Henan province from 2009 to 2018 were analyzed from the four aspects of cultivated land utilization, population, grain yield, and GDP. The amount of cultivated land decreased, while the economy grew, the population increased, and grain yield increased, indicating that it is urgent to pay attention to the problem of cultivated land, and it is necessary to identify the potential space of cultivated land and manage and protect it reasonably. Based on the land types, evaluation of cultivability was carried out, the results showed that the degree of cultivability from high to low presented a transitional spatial distribution state from the east and the south to the middle, the north, and the west. Then superimposing the status of land use, six types of protection and management zones were proposed, and management suggestions were adaptively analyzed. The ideas and methods proposed in this study can be adapted to manage and utilize cultivated land from the perspective of sustainable utilization, which is of great significance for ensuring food security.

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Zhao, Rui, Junying Li, Kening Wu i Long Kang. "Cultivated Land Use Zoning Based on Soil Function Evaluation from the Perspective of Black Soil Protection". Land 10, nr 6 (7.06.2021): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10060605.

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Given that cultivated land serves as a strategic resource to ensure national food security, blind emphasis on improvement of food production capacity can lead to soil overutilization and impair other soil functions. Therefore, we took Heilongjiang province as an example to conduct a multi-functional evaluation of soil at the provincial scale. A combination of soil, climate, topography, land use, and remote sensing data were used to evaluate the functions of primary productivity, provision and cycling of nutrients, provision of functional and intrinsic biodiversity, water purification and regulation, and carbon sequestration and regulation of cultivated land in 2018. We designed a soil function discriminant matrix, constructed the supply-demand ratio, and evaluated the current status of supply and demand of soil functions. Soil functions demonstrated a distribution pattern of high grade in the northeast and low grade in the southwest, mostly in second-level areas. The actual supply of primary productivity functions in 71.32% of the region cannot meet the current needs of the population. The dominant function of soil in 34.89% of the area is water purification and regulation, and most of the cultivated land belongs to the functional balance region. The results presented herein provide a theoretical basis for optimization of land patterns and improvement of cultivated land use management on a large scale, and is of great significance to the sustainable use of black soil resources and improvement of comprehensive benefits.

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Okunev, Igor, i Mariya Tislenko. "SPATIAL DEPENDENCE INDEX: METHODOLOGY FOR MEASURING THE NEIGHBORHOOD EFFECT IN SOCIAL SCIENCE". Вестник Пермского университета. Политология 14, nr 3 (2020): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2020-3-82-95.

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This article presents the results of the development and application of improved methodological tools based on spatial econometrics. The authors started with analyzing the spatial distribution of two social phenomena – democratization and suicide level. The following procedures were carried out for each indicator: a selection of reliable and regularly collected and published data, density-measuring zoning on the basis of a diagram and a map of extent, calculation of local indicators of spatial autocorrelation (LISA) and calculation of the authors' proposed spatial dependence index (SDI) to identify and interpret anomalous SDI values. The authors obtained anomalous values indicating the supposedly significant role of geographical factors (SDI >0.08): press freedom, political rights protection and state fragility for political regimes; autonomy index and religiousness level for suicides per 100,000 population. The research results are not intended to be exhaustive; however, the authors conclude that spatial econometrics tools, being extrapolated and used along with other traditional methods of political and social sciences, are useful for finding outputs of spatial relations and distribution of certain socio-economic and political phenomena that are not always logically obvious. In addition, the proposed analysis algorithm can be used for the analysis of other quantifiable and statistically tracked phenomena.

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Bakar, Kosasih Ali Abu, Yetti Supriyati i Ivan Hanafi. "The Evaluation of Admission Student Policy based on Zoning Sys-tem for Acceleration Education Quality in Indonesia". Journal of Management Info 6, nr 2 (30.06.2019): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/jmi.v6i2.883.

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In the 2017, Indonesia starts a new policy on admission student, namely the admission student through zoning. The policy came from the Minister, he aimed student get closer to school and to make all school became favorite. It purposes acceleration for increasing quality of education in Indonesia. The strategy based on equitable distribution of student population and the capacity of school, it's a long term strategy. This research used qualitative method, it begun from issues identification, secondary data analysis from others research, monitoring and evaluation, mass media, and online media. The research aims are to identification the fact of policy implementation, to know the impact of the policy on stakeholders, to understand precisely and affirmative policy. The result of this research, we found that the policy changed the paradigm of education policy perceptive, especially on stakeholders’ perception in many aspects. The essence of the regulation that was accommodated by the Minister of Education and Culture leds to its diverse implementation of regulation in the region because gave a space of flexibility for district to adopt the regulation that made because of geographic, demography and spatial matter. School had positive response because more transparence, school has negative response like smart student cannot go to a good school because not a part of zone, constraints and problems of implementation such faking family card and resistance from parent. At the last, the discussion purposed the fit model of implementation policy on admission student and the recommendations

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Padutov, V. E., D. I. Kagan, S. I. Ivanovskaya, O. Yu Baranov i T. S. Markevich. "Genogeography of norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) according to the analysis of cytoplasmic DNA". Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus 65, nr 4 (2.09.2021): 439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-4-439-447.

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Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) is one of the main forest-forming species in Belarus. It plays important economic, ecological and social roles. The spruce forest of the region is characterized by a complex history of the formation of its population genetic structure. The aim of this study was the genogeographic analysis of P. abies populations and the description of regional features of its gene pool in Belarus. Molecular genetic analysis of microsatellite (SSR) loci of chloroplast DNA and mt15-D02 locus of mitochondrial DNA of Norway spruce was carried out for samples from 57 naturally originated forest stands. We identified 19 allelic variants of the Pt63718, Pt26081, Pt71936 cpDNA loci and two allelic variants of mt15-D02 mtDNA. The geographical distribution of the alleles has been described and the regional features of the genogeographic differentiation of the spruce forests have been considered. The southern border of the continuous distribution area of P. abies and its island localities lie in the south of Belarus (Brest and Gomel regions). The frequency of occurrence of individual allelic variants of cpDNA SSR loci has the most pronounced deviations from the average values for the whole country in those regions. Analysis of cpDNA showed the presence of certain regional features of the genogeographic structure of the spruce forest in the “south-north” and “west-east” directions. According to mitochondrial DNA analysis higher concentration of P. abies trees of southern (Carpathian) origin is observed in the southwest of Belarus. On the contrary northern (Boreal) origin dominates in the rest of the country. The results of performed genogeographic analysis of Norway spruce populations can serve as a basis for improving the forest seed zoning of the tree species.

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