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Książki na temat "Zhenfu (Sect)"
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Sheng-yen, Lu. The Mystical experiences of True Buddha disciples. San Bruno, Calif., U.S.A: Amitabha Enterprise, 1993.
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Sheng-yen, Lu. Zhen fo mi zhong mi: Zhen fo zong di zhen gui fa ben. Xianggang Jiulong: Qing shan chu ban she, 1986.
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Lu, Sheng-yen. Mi zang qi zhong qi: Zui sheng miao fa da bu lu. Taizhong Shi: Qing shan chu ban she, 1987.
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Sheng-yen, Lu. Mi zang qi zhong qi: Zui sheng miao fa da bu lu. Xianggang Jiulong: Qing shan chu ban she, 1987.
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Sheng-yen, Lu. Zhen fo fa yu: Ming xin jian xing yi sheng fa di zhi hui. Xianggang Jiulong: Qing shan chu ban she, 1985.
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Sheng-yen, Lu. Dharma talks by a living Buddha. San Bruno, Calif: Amitabha Enterprises, 1995.
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Sheng-yen, Lu. Yuan ding di shen si: Lianshenghuofo di huai nian. Xianggang Jiulong: Qing shan chu ban she, 1986.
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Christian Study Centre on Chinese Religion and Culture, red. Taoist tradition and change: The story of the Complete Perfection Sect in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Christian Study Centre on Chinese Religion and Culture, 1991.
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Lu, Sheng-yen. Crossing the ocean of life and death: Du guo sheng si de da hai. Oakland, Calif: US Daden Culture, 2009.
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Sheng-yen, Lu. Yuan ding de shen si: Lianshenghuofo de huai nian. Taizhong Shi: Qing shan chu ban she, 1986.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Zhenfu (Sect)"
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Lee Ooi, Tan. "Reforming Chinese Buddhism through the Zheng Xin (Right Faith) Movement". W Buddhist Revitalization and Chinese Religions in Malaysia. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463726436_ch03.
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This chapter maps local initiatives of the Buddhist revitalization movement in Malaysia. Focusing on two groups, the Malaysian Buddhist Association and the Youth Buddhist Association of Malaysia, the history and process of Buddhist revitalization that occurred through local efforts are examined. The notion of Zheng Xin (Right Faith) Buddhism originating from the idea of modern Buddhism has been adopted by the two groups. The process has been strengthened through formalizing the refuge taking ceremony and Buddhicizing the Hungry Ghost Festival. A tussle between reformist Buddhists and a sect called Unity Sect (Yi Guan Dao) is examined to understand a case of religious contestation among Chinese religions germinated by Buddhist revitalization.
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Gunn, Geoffrey C. "Geographic Imaginaries from the Chinese Tradition". W Imagined Geographies, 85–112. Hong Kong University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888528653.003.0005.
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In this chapter we focus on Chinese imaginaries of the Nan Yang, or southern seas, not excluding the Indian Ocean area. Allowing for filtering and embellishment, the Chinese geographic-cartographic tradition is seminal in this respect, as is the tradition of recording dynastic annals. Accordingly, this chapter taps into a long tradition of scholarly interpretation of such maps and texts. A first section explains the China-centered tribute trade system. A second section frames a Chinese India imaginary around the journey undertaken in 399 CE by a famed Chinese monk to India and back. Taking cues from the “California school” on economic differentials between Europe and China, a third section offer an appraisal of Song China economic strength. Through an examination of navigational texts, a fourth section offers a Song-era world imaginary. A fifth section contemplates China’s South Seas priority under the Mongol-Yuan dynasty, while the early Ming-era voyages of the Muslim admiral Zheng He are set down in a sixth section. Finally, the chapter offers an evaluation of Ming China maritime prowess and cartographic accomplishments.
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Taber, Douglass F. "Carbocyclic Ring Construction: The Nicolaou Synthesis of Myceliothermophin E". W Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190646165.003.0082.
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Nan Zheng of the University of Arkansas developed (Adv. Synth. Catal. 2014, 356, 2831) a Ru catalyst for the addition of an amino cyclopropane 1 to an alkyne 2 to give 3. The reaction proceeded with high regiocontrol, but only modest stereocontrol. Alain De Mesmaeker of Syngenta Crop Protection, Switzerland found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2014, 55, 6577) that the β,γ-unsaturated amide 4 worked particularly well as a precursor to the keteniminium that cyclized to give, after hydrolysis, the cyclobutanone 5. Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of 5 led to 5-deoxystrigol 6. David Tymann and Martin Hiersemann of the Technische Universität Dortmund have been exploring (Org. Lett. 2014, 16, 4062; Synthesis 2014, 46, 3110) the intramolecular carbonyl ene reaction as a tool for the assembly of highly substituted cyclopentanes, as in the conversion of 7 to 8. On oxidation, 8 was readily carried on to the alkene 9. James L. Leighton of Columbia University conceived (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 9878) the cascade transformation of 10 to 12. Deprotonation/silylation set the stage for Claisen rearrangement to give 11. The subsequent Cope rearrangement is an equilibrium process, driven by the ring strain of 11. K. C. Nicolaou of Rice University described (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 10970) the total synthesis of the cytotoxic tetramic acid derivative myceliothermophin E 15. A key step in the synthesis was the intramolecular Michael addition/ aldol condensation that converted 13 to 14.
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Siu, Helen F. "Recycling Rituals". W Tracing China. Hong Kong University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888083732.003.0006.
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Scholars who observed the lack of color in rural social life in the Maoist era have also witnessed and marveled at the liberalizing energies released by the recent decade of reforms. Unprecedented movements of goods, capital, and people across the rural landscape have been accompanied by a flourishing of popular rituals. The phenomenon poses interesting questions about culture change. Has Maoist politics ironically preserved the popular culture of peasant communities to the extent that, once the party-state attempted to retreat from society, popular culture regained its former momentum to influence the process of modernization? Or, has peasant culture been so touched by the Maoist programs that what we observe today are new reconstitutions of tradition for coping with contemporary existence defined by the socialist state, rather than cultural remnants that survived the encounter with that state? On the basis of fieldwork carried out in 1986 in Nanxi zhen (a pseudonym), a market town in the heart of the Pearl River Delta known for the intensity of popular ritual activities in the past and the present, I will examine a set of rituals, especially those for funerals and weddings, and the meanings that practitioners attribute to them in order to address the issue of cultural continuity and change in rural China today.
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Zadorozhnyy, Artem, i Baohua Yu. "Uncovering the role of learning ecology in explaining students’ engagement in informal L2 learning activities in digital online environments". W Proceedings of the XXIst International CALL Research Conference, 7–15. Castledown Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29140/9781914291050-2.
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Given the expanding scale of Internet access and ample language learning opportunities associated with the emergence of new digital resources and out-of-class digital environments, SLA researchers started to pay more attention to the language learning experiences of students beyond the classroom level (Lai et al., 2018; Soyoof et al., 2021; Toffoli, 2020). Particular interest is aligned to the perception that while formal education may not satisfy all individual expectations, informal language learning practices might grant students opportunities to engage in cross-cultural communication (Lee & Lee, 2021) and construct their own self-directed authentic learning situations (Lai & Zheng, 2018). Expanding this line of thinking, learning patterns are known to be greatly determined by the members of students’ social milieu who can exhibit a favorable or detrimental impact (Niemiec & Ryan, 2009). Ryan and Deci (2016), for instance, numerously stressed out that the nature of relationships between language teachers and students could have an impact on satisfaction of students’ fundamental psychological needs and as a consequence influence students’ motivation, affecting students’ engagement in learning activities. However, researchers underline that EFL students' exposure to authentic language patterns and direct interaction with other people in their online vicinity should be scrutinized more closely nowadays (Noels et al., 2019). Owing to the complex mechanisms behind these processes and interactions, we aim to apply the sub-theory of Basic Psychological Needs (BPN) to consider the impact of significant others (i.e., language instructors, peers, and target language community members) and the perspective of learning ecology (Barron, 2006) to focus on the apparent differences in contextual factors pertaining to formal and informal language learning environments. Based on these frameworks, the data obtained via the mixed-methods research approach is set to provide valuable conclusions that could shed some light on the determinants of EFL students’ informal language learning activities among prospective EFL teachers of one Central Asian country, Kazakhstan.
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Taber, Douglass F. "Alkaloid Synthesis: Indolizidine 223AB (Cha), Lepadiformine (Kim), Kainic Acid (Fukuyama), Gephyrotoxin (Smith), Premarineosin A (Reynolds)". W Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190646165.003.0059.
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Jin Kun Cha of Wayne State University prepared (Org. Lett. 2014, 16, 6208) the allene 1 by SN2′ coupling of a cyclopropanol with a propargylic tosylate. Silver-mediated cyclization converted 1 into 2, that was reduced with diimide to the Dendrobates alkaloid indolizidine 223AB 3. Sanghee Kim of Seoul National University observed (Chem. Eur. J. 2014, 20, 17433) high diastereoselectivity in the Ireland–Claisen rearrangement of 4 to 5. The acid 5 was the key intermediate for the synthesis of the tunicate alkaloid lepadiformine 6. Tohru Fukuyama of Nagoya University also used (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2014, 4823) an ester enolate Claisen rearrangement to set the relative and absolute configuration of 7. Pd-catalyzed cyclization then led to 8, that was carried on to the excitatory amino acid receptor agonist kainic acid 9. Gephyrotoxin 12 was so named because it incorporates structural elements from two different classes of the Dendrobates alkaloids. Martin D. Smith of the University of Oxford envisioned (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 13826) the cascade cyclization of deprotected 10 to give, after reduction, the ketone 11. Zhen Yang of the Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School showed (Chem. Eur. J. 2014, 20, 12881) that the Rh carbene derived from 13 readily cyclized to an imine. The facial selectivity of the addition of the Grignard reagent 14 to that imine depended on the temperature of the reaction. At room temperature, 15 was formed. At low temperature, the other diastereomer predominated. Ring-closing metathesis was used for the elaboration of 15 to the Stemona alkaloid tuberostemospiroline 16. Kevin A. Reynolds of Portland State University prepared (J. Org. Chem. 2014, 79, 11674) 19 by condensation of the pyrrole 17 with the aldehyde 18. The biosynthetic enzyme, that they had overexpressed, oxidized 19 to the antimalarial alkaloid permarineosin A 20.
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Taber, Douglass F. "The Tan/Chen/Yang Synthesis of Schindilactone A". W Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200794.003.0088.
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Schindilactone A 3 is one of a closely related family of polycyclic lactones that have been used in China for the treatment of rheumatic disease. The synthesis of 3 reported (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 7373) by Ye-Feng Tang of Tsinghua University and Jia-Hua Chen and Zhen Yang of Peking University is an elegant tour of metal-mediated bond construction, as exemplified by the cyclization of 1 to 2. The preparation of 1 began with the Diels-Alder reaction of 4 with the butadiene 5. Addition of methyl magnesium chloride converted 6 to the crystalline lactone 7. Angular hydroxylation followed by ring expansion gave the bromo enone 8, which was homologated to the lactone 11. Apparently, the bulky silyloxy group directed the addition of the butenyl Grignard reagent 10 to the top face of the ketone carbonyl. Hydroxylation of the lactone followed by the addition of 12 then gave 1 as a mixture of diastereomers. Only one of the two diastereomers of 1 could undergo ring-closing metathesis to form the second of the three carbocyclic rings of 3. The two lactol diastereomers were in equilibrium with each other by way of the open-chain enone. When MgBr2 was added to encourage equilibration, the metathesis proceeded to completion to give 2. The tertiary alcohol of 2 was esterified with 2-butynoic acid to give 13. Intramolecular Pauson-Khand cyclization, using the optimized protocol developed by the authors, then delivered the enone 13, completing the last carbocyclic ring of 3. The last remarkable metal-mediated reaction in the synthesis was the oxidative carbonylation of 14 to 15. It is not clear if the postcarbonylation event is direct Pd-mediated C–O bond formation or the intramolecular addition of alkoxide to a transient butenolide. To complete the synthesis, 15 was methylated, then deprotonated and kinetically quenched to set the proper relative configuration of the last methyl group. Remarkably, despite the presence in the molecule of three other acidic protons, including the one that had just been removed and kinetically reset, exposure of the acetate 16 to a large excess of base, followed by oxidation, gave clean conversion to schindilactone A 3.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Zhenfu (Sect)"
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Zheng, M., i G. T. Reader. "An Experimental Analysis of EGR on Operational Stabilities of Diesel Engines". W ASME 2001 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2001-112.
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Abstract It has been recognized that high ratios of EGR are effective for in-cylinder NOx reduction, the mechanism of which has been largely attributed to thermal NOx reduction. However, engine operations also approach zones with higher instabilities when excessive EGR is used, usually accompanied with higher cycle-to-cycle variations. Although appropriate controlling strategies are capable to set up consistent EGR operations, any drifts in engine control will affect the originally optimized EGR when sufficient feedback control is not available. In reality, without sufficient EGR feedback control, the applicable EGR ratios need to be recessed from maximum allowable ratios in considering discrepancies of EGR control and influences of operating condition variations. An experimental investigation is provided in this paper to propose a method to evaluate the influences of EGR on such instabilities, in terms of independent effects of CO2 addition, O2 dilution, and N2 balancing, with simulated EGR. Extensive tests were conducted using a synthesized intake mixture testing facility. This paper is also a continuation of a cycle-to-cycle variation analysis on such operations reported previously by the authors (Zheng and Reader 1995). The analyses are aimed at identifying thresholds of stable operation with excessive high ratios of EGR whilst without subjecting to the consecutive cyclic disturbances associated actual EGR itself.
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Zhang, L., H. Xu, J. Wang i H. Jiang. "Research on the Mechanism of Nano-Displacement Agent to Water Blocking Damage of Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoir". W 57th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2023-0416.
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ABSTRACT Exploring ways to enhance the liquid-phase seepage ability and increase the flow-back rate of external fluids in the production process is an important way to solve the problem of water blocking in tight reservoirs. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of water phase retention damage caused by foreign fluid invasion during the development of tight sandstone gas reservoirs, a set of ether nano-displacement agent system was optimized. The mechanism of wetting modification is revealed from the perspective of the physical composition of nano-displacement agent, and the mechanism of action between nano-displacement agent and rock and different clay minerals is clarified. Laboratory experiments show that :(1) 0.5 wt% CNDAD1# nano-displacement agent fluid can change the wettability of sandstone to gas-phase wetting, "air-salt water-rock" three-phase static contact angle increased from 38.5° to 126°. (2) SEM and EDX results prove that the nano-displacement agent has good macroscopic static and dynamic adsorption performance on the sandstone surface. This paper provides a reference method for exploring the use of environmentally friendly chemical agents to remove water blocking damage in tight sandstone gas reservoirs. INTRODUCTION Tight sandstone gas reservoirs refer to sandstone gas reservoirs with overburden matrix permeability less than or equal to 0.1 mD. Single wells generally have no natural productivity or natural productivity is lower than the lower limit of industrial gas flow. Industrial natural gas production needs to be obtained through fracturing, horizontal wells, multi-branch wells, etc. (Wei G, Zhang F, Li J, et al., 2016; Jia C, Zheng M and Zhang Y, 2012; Zou N, Zhu R, Wu S, et al., 2012). According to the data, China contains a wealth of tight sandstone gas reservoirs, tight sandstone gas resources account for about 27.5 % of China ‘s natural gas resources, mainly distributed in different basins in China, such as Sichuan, Tarim Basin and other regions, and most of the reserves have not been effectively developed (Wang J, Hu Y, Liu Y, et al., 2019; Fuhai J, Tang D, Xu H, et al., 2012; Bybee K, 2007). Therefore, the development of tight sandstone gas reservoirs will become one of the key sources of future energy security in China, and it is also the focus of unconventional oil and gas development. However, most of the tight sandstone gas reservoirs have low natural productivity of single wells. The combination of horizontal well drilling and fracturing is one of the main ways to realize the commercial exploitation of tight sandstone gas reservoirs. However, during the fracturing process, the fracturing fluid flowback is not timely or the edge and bottom water invades the reservoir during the production process. The reservoir will produce a large amount of external water phase retention or edge and bottom water invasion water, forming a ‘ liquid phase trap ‘ and further tight sandstone gas well productivity (Dutta R, Lee C H, Odumabo S, et al., 2012; You Q, Wang H, Zhang Y, et al., 2018; Zhang L, Zhou F, Mou J Y, et al., 2018).