Artykuły w czasopismach: „Youth – Tobacco use”

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Lotrean, Lucia M., Carmen Ionut i Hein de Vries. "Tobacco use among Romanian youth". Salud Pública de México 48 (2006): s107—s112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-36342006000700013.

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Heyman, Richard B. "Reducing tobacco use among youth". Pediatric Clinics of North America 49, nr 2 (kwiecień 2002): 377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3955(01)00010-4.

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Ljaljević, Agima, Elvir Zvrko i Marija Stojiljković. "Tobacco Use Among Youth: Findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey in Montenegro". Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 59, nr 3 (1.09.2008): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-59-2008-1874.

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Tobacco Use Among Youth: Findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey in MontenegroSmoking is a burning healthcare and economy issue, especially in underdeveloped countries. The aim of this study was to determine the number of smokers among elementary school students in Montenegro and to assess the correlates of tobacco use. The study was done in 2003 using the World Health Organization Global Youth Tobacco Survey. Our data showed that children as young as ten years smoked. There were 3.6 % permanent smokers and one in three students (30.6 %) experimented with smoking. More than two thirds who smoked agreed that they should quit smoking, and three fourths tried to quit. This study has also shown that children talk too little about smoking in schools and are exposed to passive smoking at home and elsewhere. Activities to solve the elementary school smoking problem should include preventive programs to be introduced into regular school curricula because this is the only way to address the issue properly. In addition, legislation prohibiting indoor tobacco smoking should be implemented rigorously to protect children from passive smoking in public places.

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Goebel, Lynne, Richard Crespo, Rachel Abraham, Saba Masho i Elbert Glover. "Correlates of youth smokeless tobacco use". Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2, nr 4 (listopad 2000): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713688153.

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Sussman, Steve, i Ping Sun. "Youth tobacco use cessation: 2008 update". Tobacco Induced Diseases 5, nr 1 (2009): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1617-9625-5-3.

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Matei, Mihaela-Elena, i Robin B. McFee. "Youth Tobacco Use: A Multifactorial Problem". Preventive Medicine 33, nr 5 (listopad 2001): 514–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2001.0934.

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Farsalinos, Konstantinos E., i Riccardo Polosa. "Youth Tobacco Use and Electronic Cigarettes". JAMA Pediatrics 168, nr 8 (1.08.2014): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.727.

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Delnevo, Cristine D., Michelle T. Bover Manderski i Gary A. Giovino. "Youth Tobacco Use and Electronic Cigarettes". JAMA Pediatrics 168, nr 8 (1.08.2014): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.733.

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Kansagra, Susan M. "Strategies to Reduce Youth Tobacco Use". American Journal of Preventive Medicine 47, nr 2 (sierpień 2014): S93—S94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2014.04.014.

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Moncher, M. S. "Tobacco use by American Indian youth". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 262, nr 11 (15.09.1989): 1469–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.262.11.1469.

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Moncher, Michael S. "Tobacco Use by American Indian Youth". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 262, nr 11 (15.09.1989): 1469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1989.03430110059018.

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Soldz, Stephen, Peter Kreiner, Thomas W. Clark i Milly Krakow. "Tobacco Use among Massachusetts Youth: Is Tobacco Control Working?" Preventive Medicine 31, nr 4 (październik 2000): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2000.0727.

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Soldz, Stephen, Peter Kreiner, Thomas W. Clark i Milly Krakow. "Tobacco Use among Massachusetts Youth: Is Tobacco Control Working?" Preventive Medicine 33, nr 1 (lipiec 2001): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2001.0885.

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Xiao, Lin, Mark Parascandola, Congxiao Wang i Yuan Jiang. "Perception and Current Use of E-cigarettes Among Youth in China". Nicotine & Tobacco Research 21, nr 10 (20.07.2018): 1401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nty145.

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Abstract Introduction This study provides nationally representative estimates of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among youth in China and explores the factors associated with awareness and use of e-cigarettes and the relationship between e-cigarette and conventional tobacco use. Methods This study examined data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey, which was completed by 155 117 middle school students (51.8% boys and 48.2% girls) in China, and employed a multistage stratified cluster sampling design. For data analysis, SAS 9.3 complex survey procedures were used, and logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with e-cigarette use and the relationship between e-cigarette and conventional tobacco use. Results About 45.0% of middle school students had heard of e-cigarettes, but only 1.2% reported using e-cigarettes in the last 30 days. Among never-smokers, e-cigarette users were more likely to intend to use a tobacco product in the next 12 months than nonusers (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 6.970, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.474% to 10.857%), and more likely to say that they would enjoy smoking a cigarette (adjusted OR = 14.633, 95% CI = 11.328% to 18.902%). E-cigarette use was associated with previous experimentation with cigarette smoking (OR = 3.2), having noticed tobacco advertising in the past 30 days (OR = 2.7), having close friends who smoke (OR = 1.4), and thinking tobacco helps people feel more comfortable in social situations (OR = 3.3) and makes young people look more attractive (OR = 1.3). Conclusions E-cigarette use among youth in China remains low but awareness is high. E-cigarette use was associated with increased intentions to use tobacco. Enhanced prevention efforts are needed targeting e-cigarette use among youth. Implications This study is the first nationally representative survey of e-cigarette use among youth in China. It found that among middle school students, prevalence of e-cigarette use is 1.2% and prevalence of e-cigarette awareness is 45.0%. Chinese youths use e-cigarettes as a tobacco product rather than an aid to quitting. Among never-smokers, e-cigarette users were more likely to have intentions to use a tobacco product in the next 12 months, more likely to use a tobacco product offered by their best friends and enjoy smoking a cigarette than nonusers.

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Choi, Kelvin, Shyanika W. Rose, Yitong Zhou, Basmah Rahman i Elizabeth Hair. "Exposure to Multimedia Tobacco Marketing and Product Use Among Youth: A Longitudinal Analysis". Nicotine & Tobacco Research 22, nr 6 (14.06.2019): 1036–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz096.

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Abstract Introduction Tobacco companies continue to reach youth through direct-to-consumer marketing, which has been associated with overall tobacco use. We examine how exposure to these marketing activities influences product-specific use behaviors. Methods We analyzed data from 10 081 youth (aged 12–18 years) who participated in Waves 1 and 2 (2013–2015) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. Participants reported past 6-month tobacco coupon receipt and online tobacco marketing engagement, and susceptibility to ever and current use of cigarette, e-cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, and hookah. Weighted multivariable logistic regression examined Wave 1 predictors of coupon receipt at Wave 2, and associations between coupon receipt, online engagement, and past 30-day use of different tobacco products. Results Youth received tobacco coupons at one (9.7%) or both waves (1.2%) and 11.1% engaged with online tobacco marketing. Coupon receipt and online marketing engagement at Wave 1 predicted Wave 2 coupon receipt among susceptible-never, ever-but-not-current, and current tobacco users (p < .05). Coupon receipt and online engagement at Wave 1 was positively associated with past 30-day use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, and hookah at Wave 2 (p < .05). The relationships were stronger for those who received coupons at both waves or engaged with more sources of online marketing. Conclusions Tobacco direct-to-consumer marketing is reaching youth. Repeated exposure to these marketing activities within and across media is associated with use of different tobacco products. New policies and strong enforcement of existing regulations prohibiting these illegal marketing tactics are critical to protect youth from future tobacco use. Implications Tobacco companies utilize coupons and online engagement activities to increase brand awareness, knowledge, and sales of their products. These kinds of marketing activities can be influential among youth at a time when they may develop tobacco use behaviors. Our findings suggest that tobacco companies may be targeting at-risk youth through cross-media marketing activities. The findings also indicate that exposure to these marketing activities predicts subsequent use of different tobacco products, with suggestive dose–response relationships. Increased regulations are needed to protect youth from these marketing activities.

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Asare, Samuel, Michal Stoklosa, Jeffrey Drope i Aidan Larsen. "Effects of Prices on Youth Cigarette Smoking and Tobacco Use Initiation in Ghana and Nigeria". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, nr 17 (27.08.2019): 3114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16173114.

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Background: Population growth in the African region is set to outpace the rate of decline in smoking prevalence, leading to a projected increase in the total number of smokers. As most tobacco users initiate during their adolescent years, tobacco prevention strategies targeting youth will be particularly important. Methods: This study estimated the impact of cigarette prices on youth cigarette smoking and tobacco use initiation in Ghana and Nigeria using the Global Youth Tobacco Survey data. First, we used cross-section data and logit models to estimate the effects of prices on youth cigarette smoking. Second, we created pseudo longitudinal data and used continuous-time hazard models to evaluate the impact of cigarette prices on tobacco use initiation. Results: We found that higher cigarette prices decreased both 30-day cigarette smoking and tobacco use onset significantly in both Ghana and Nigeria. Additionally, the price elasticity of cigarette smoking and tobacco use initiation ranged from −0.44 to −1.13, and −1.04 to −3.66, respectively. Conclusions: As one of the first studies on youth tobacco consumption in Sub-Saharan Africa, this study strongly suggests that policies that increase real cigarette prices can lower both cigarette smoking and tobacco use initiation among youth in Ghana and Nigeria.

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Reinert, Bonita, Vivien Carver, Lillian Range i Lori A. Bobrycki. "The Logic Model in Action against Tobacco Use: A Case Study". International Quarterly of Community Health Education 23, nr 1 (kwiecień 2003): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/wrna-6m4t-87kt-d6lu.

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Mississippi, an early player in tobacco prevention efforts, used a logic model based in CDC's Best Practices that had seven levels: inputs (community leaders, statewide partners, state Health Department, Attorney General's office), activities (cessation, chronic disease, media/marketing, youth programs, school programs, community/state programs, law enforcement), outputs (nicotine cessation and treatment programs, exposure to no-tobacco, pro-health media and other programs, smoking bans, ordinances, and policies), initial outcomes (awareness of programs, changes in youth knowledge and attitudes, increased enforcement efforts), intermediate outcomes (increased program utilization, reduced youth initiation of tobacco use, improved community culture regarding tobacco), long-term outcomes (reduced youth tobacco use, reduced exposure to secondhand smoke), and impact (reduced tobacco-related sickness and death). With enough simplicity to be clear, enough detail to offer guidance, and sufficient grounding in CDC's Best Practices to provide a persuasive rationale for each component, the present logic model had immediate applications and helped with program evaluation.

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Mattingly, Delvon T., Jayesh Rai, Osayande Agbonlahor, Kandi L. Walker i Joy L. Hart. "Tobacco Use Status and Temptation to Try E-Cigarettes among a Sample of Appalachian Youth". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, nr 13 (23.06.2021): 6755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136755.

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E-cigarettes are commonly used tobacco products among youth populations, including Appalachian youth. However, knowledge of the extent to which tobacco use status relates to temptation to try e-cigarettes is limited. Data from the Youth Appalachian Tobacco Study (n = 1047) were used. Temptation to try e-cigarettes was derived from a 12-item situational inventory. Tobacco use status was defined as never, ever non-e-cigarette, and ever e-cigarette use. A factorial ANOVA was used to estimate the adjusted association between tobacco use status and the e-cigarette use temptation scale. Two-way interaction terms between tobacco use status and gender, and tobacco use status and race/ethnicity, were plotted to depict effect modification. Approximately 10% of youth were ever non-e-cigarette users and 24% were ever e-cigarette users. Never and ever non-e-cigarette user middle schoolers had higher temptation to try e-cigarettes than their high school counterparts. The same relationship was found among never and ever e-cigarette users living in households with tobacco users. The ANOVA results suggest a positive, monotonic relationship between tobacco use status and temptation to try e-cigarettes, and that the adjusted group means differ by gender and race/ethnicity. The findings can inform tobacco prevention interventions for youth at higher risk for e-cigarette use, especially youth who have not yet tried e-cigarettes.

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Astor, Roee L., Robert Urman, Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis, Kiros Berhane, Jane Steinberg, Michael Cousineau, Adam M. Leventhal i in. "Tobacco Retail Licensing and Youth Product Use". Pediatrics 143, nr 2 (7.01.2019): e20173536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-3536.

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Chaloupka, Frank J., John A. Tauras i Michael Grossman. "Public Policy and Youth Smokeless Tobacco Use". Southern Economic Journal 64, nr 2 (październik 1997): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1060863.

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Lunde, Siri. "Youth tobacco use: who has a say?" Lancet 381, nr 9864 (luty 2013): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60064-1.

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Glantz, S. A. "Preventing tobacco use--the youth access trap." American Journal of Public Health 86, nr 2 (luty 1996): 156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.86.2.156.

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DiFranza, Joseph R., i Robert J. Wellman. "Preventing cancer by controlling youth tobacco use". Seminars in Oncology Nursing 19, nr 4 (listopad 2003): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.soncn.2003.08.003.

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Boehm, Vicki, i Joanna Smart. "Advocating Prevention of Tobacco Use in Youth". American Journal of Nursing 97, nr 9 (wrzesień 1997): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-199709000-00039.

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Dutra, Lauren M., i Stanton A. Glantz. "Youth Tobacco Use and Electronic Cigarettes—Reply". JAMA Pediatrics 168, nr 8 (1.08.2014): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.730.

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DeHay, Tamara, Chad Morris, Mandy Graves May, Karen Devine i Jeanette Waxmonsky. "Tobacco use in youth with mental illnesses". Journal of Behavioral Medicine 35, nr 2 (9.04.2011): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10865-011-9336-6.

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Chaloupka, Frank J., John A. Tauras i Michael Grossman. "Public Policy and Youth Smokeless Tobacco Use". Southern Economic Journal 64, nr 2 (październik 1997): 503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2325-8012.1997.tb00069.x.

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Shah, Vandana, Sally Herndon Malek, Tom Brown i Barbara Moeykens. "Reducing Tobacco Use in Tobacco Country: North Carolina’s Success Story in Lowering Tobacco Use Among Youth". North Carolina Medical Journal 71, nr 1 (styczeń 2010): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18043/ncm.71.1.81.

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Bold, Krysten W., Eugenia Buta, Patricia Simon, Grace Kong, Meghan Morean, Deepa Camenga i Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin. "Using Latent Class Analysis to Examine Susceptibility to Various Tobacco Products Among Adolescents". Nicotine & Tobacco Research 22, nr 11 (23.11.2019): 2059–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz216.

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Abstract Introduction Most tobacco use is initiated during adolescence and susceptibility is an important predictor of initiation. Research is needed to understand susceptibility across tobacco products among youth to inform prevention efforts. Aims and Methods We surveyed 2945 students from four Southeastern Connecticut high schools in 2017. We assessed susceptibility to future use of seven different tobacco products (ie, cigarettes, e-cigarettes, hookah, cigars, cigarillos, blunts, and smokeless tobacco) among youth who had never used a tobacco product. Susceptibility was coded as any response other than “definitely not” to three items assessing (1) curiosity, (2) willingness to experiment with the product in the future, and (3) willingness to try if offered by a friend. Latent class analysis was used to identify patterns of susceptibility across multiple tobacco products and sociodemographic predictors of these classes. Results Among n = 1246 youth who had never tried a tobacco product, 51.2% (n = 638) were susceptible to at least one product and 29.1% (n = 363) were susceptible to two or more products (average among susceptible youth: M = 2.4 products, SD = 1.7, range 1–7). Latent class analysis identified three classes: youth who were: (1) susceptible to all products (5.6%), (2) susceptible to e-cigarettes, hookah, and blunts (23.6%), and (3) mostly non-susceptible to all products (70.8%). In a multivariable model, demographic variables and peer tobacco use predicted class membership. Conclusions We observed high rates of susceptibility to non-traditional tobacco products among youth, and many youth were susceptible to more than one product. Targeting susceptibility across multiple tobacco products may be important for reducing youth tobacco use. Implications Patterns of polytobacco use susceptibility were identified among youth who had never previously used tobacco products. Many youth were susceptible to more than one product and we observed three distinct classes of susceptibility among youth: those who were mostly non-susceptible, those who were susceptible to alternative or non-traditional tobacco products (e-cigarettes, hookah, and blunts), and those who were susceptible to all tobacco products. These findings suggest the importance of addressing susceptibility across multiple tobacco products.

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Alderete, Ethel, Celia Patricia Kaplan, Steven E. Gregorich i Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable. "Use of Alternative Tobacco Products in Multiethnic Youth from Jujuy, Argentina". Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2010 (2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/795265.

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This study examines alternative tobacco use among Latin American youth. A self-administered survey in a random sample of 27 schools was administered in 2004 in Jujuy, Argentina (N=3218). Prevalence of alternative tobacco product use was 24.1%; 15.3% of youth used hand-rolled cigarettes, 7.8% smoked cigars, 2.3% chewed tobacco leaf and 1.6% smoked pipe. Among youth who never smoked manufactured cigarettes, alternative product use was rare (2.9%), except for chewing tobacco (22%). In multivariate logistic regression boys were more likely than girls to smoke pipe (OR = 3.1; 95% CI 1.1–8.7); indigenous language was associated with smoking hand-rolled cigarettes (OR = 1.4; 95% CI-1.1–1.9) and pipe (OR = 2.2; 95% CI 1.5–3.4). Working in tobacco sales was a risk factor for chewing tobacco (OR = 2.9; 95% CI: 1.7–4.9) and smoking hand-rolled cigarettes (OR = 1.4; 95% CI 1.1–1.8). Having friends who smoked was associated with chewing tobacco (OR = 1.8; 95% CI 1.0–3.2) and with smoking cigars (OR = 2.1; 95% CI 1.5–2.9). Current drinking and thrill-seeking orientation were associated with cigars and pipe smoking. Findings highlight the importance of surveillance of alternative tobacco products use and availability among youth and for addressing identified risk factors.

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Kowitt, Sarah D., i Sharon Lipperman-Kreda. "How Is Exposure to Tobacco Outlets Within Activity Spaces Associated With Daily Tobacco Use Among Youth? A Mediation Analysis". Nicotine & Tobacco Research 22, nr 6 (23.05.2019): 958–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz088.

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Abstract Introduction We investigated associations between exposure to tobacco outlets within activity spaces and daily tobacco use, and whether exposure to adults or peers using tobacco mediate these relationships. Methods We used Geographic Ecological Momentary Assessment data over 14 days from 85 youth aged 16–20 years in eight mid-sized California city areas. Tobacco outlet addresses and global positioning systems locations were geocoded and activity spaces were constructed by joining sequential points. We assessed daily number of tobacco outlets within 50 or 100 m of activity space polylines and number of minutes participants were within 50 or 100 m of tobacco outlets each day; daily use of tobacco; and whether participants saw (1) adults and (2) people their age (peers) using tobacco each day. Results Controlling for demographics, results of multilevel structural equation models showed no association between number of tobacco outlets within 50 m of polylines and tobacco use (probit regression coefficient: 0.01, p = .82). However, we found evidence of an indirect effect (p = .001) through daily exposure to peers using tobacco. Specifically, greater number of tobacco outlets within 50 m of polylines was positively associated with seeing peers use tobacco (probit regression coefficient: 0.10, p < .001). In turn, seeing peers use tobacco was positively associated with tobacco use on that day (probit regression coefficient: 2.23, p < .001). Similar results were found for number of tobacco outlets within 100 m of polylines. Conclusions Exposure to tobacco outlets within activity spaces affects youth tobacco use through daily exposure to peers who use tobacco. Implications Using real-time-ordered data, this article examines whether exposure to adults and peers using tobacco mediate associations between exposure to tobacco outlets within activity spaces and daily tobacco use among youth. Results suggest that exposure to tobacco outlets within activity spaces affects daily tobacco use through exposure to peers who use tobacco. These findings provide additional significant support for policy makers who are considering regulating the number and density of tobacco retailers and point to the importance of interventions focused on peer tobacco use and youths’ daily environments to reduce tobacco use.

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Rose, Shyanika W., Allison M. Glasser, Yitong Zhou, Tess Boley Cruz, Amy M. Cohn, Brianna A. Lienemann, M. Justin Byron i in. "Adolescent tobacco coupon receipt, vulnerability characteristics and subsequent tobacco use: analysis of PATH Study, Waves 1 and 2". Tobacco Control 27, e1 (22.02.2018): e50-e56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054141.

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ObjectivesWe examine adolescent receipt of tobacco coupons and subsequent tobacco use.MethodsData were from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (2013–2015). We identified correlates of coupon receipt at Wave 1 (youth sample age 12–17 ; n = 13 651) including demographics, additional vulnerability factors that may place youth at risk of tobacco use and correlates of coupon receipt by channel. We examined associations of Wave 1 coupon receipt with Wave 2 tobacco use using weighted multivariable models.ResultsOverall, 7.6% of US youth received tobacco coupons in the 6 months before Wave 1. Coupon recipients were more likely to be women, living outside urban areas, living with a tobacco user, current and former (vs never) tobacco users, having high internalising mental health symptoms and having a favourite tobacco advertisement. Coupons were received primarily through direct mail (56%), product packs (28%) and online (25%). Never tobacco users at Wave 1 who received coupons were more likely to be ever users at Wave 2 (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.42; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.91). Coupon recipients were more likely to use a new tobacco product between waves (aOR=1.67; 95% CI 1.18 to 2.36) and report past 30-day tobacco use at Wave 2 (aOR=1.81; 95% CI 1.31 to 2.49).ConclusionsOne in 13 US youth (7.6%) received coupons. Vulnerable youth had the greatest odds of coupon receipt. Coupon recipients had greater odds of tobacco use among never users, trying a new tobacco product and current use. Coupon bans, limits on youth coupon exposure, stronger age verification, pack inserts or restricting coupon redemption may help reduce tobacco use among adolescents, particularly for those at greatest risk.

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Sharapova, Saida, Carolyn Reyes-Guzman, Tushar Singh, Elyse Phillips, Kristy L. Marynak i Israel Agaku. "Age of tobacco use initiation and association with current use and nicotine dependence among US middle and high school students, 2014–2016". Tobacco Control 29, nr 1 (29.11.2018): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054593.

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IntroductionTobacco use mostly begins in adolescence and young adulthood. Earlier age of initiation of cigarette smoking is associated with greater nicotine dependence and sustained tobacco use. However, data are limited on the age of initiation of non-cigarette tobacco products, and the association between using these products and nicotine dependence and progression to established use.MethodsCombined 2014–2016 National Youth Tobacco Survey data, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of US students in grades 6–12 yielded 19 580 respondents who reported ever using any of five tobacco products: electronic cigarettes, cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco and hookah. Analyses assessed age of reported first use of each product among ever-users, overall and by sex and race/ethnicity. Current daily use, past 30-day use, feelings of craving tobacco and time to first tobacco use after waking were assessed by age of first use.ResultsAmong ever-users, weighted median age for first use was 12.6 years for cigarettes, 13.8 years for cigars, 13.4 years for smokeless tobacco, 14.1 years for hookah and 14.1 years for e-cigarettes. First trying these tobacco products at age ≤13 years was associated with greater current use of the respective product and nicotine dependence compared with initiating use at age >13 years.ConclusionsFirst tobacco use at age ≤13 years is associated with current daily and past 30-day use of non-cigarette tobacco products, and with the development of nicotine dependence among youth ever-users. Proven tobacco prevention interventions that reach early adolescents are important to reduce overall youth tobacco use.

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MUKERIA, Miriam, Besik KIKNADZE i Tengiz VERULAVA. "The impact of the tobacco control law on youth tobacco use". Archives of the Balkan Medical Union 55, nr 1 (15.03.2020): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31688/abmu.2020.55.1.12.

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Czaplicki, Lauren, Siobhan N. Perks, Michael Liu, Alison Cuccia, Minal Patel, Donna Vallone i Barbara Schillo. "Support for E-cigarette and Tobacco Control Policies Among Parents of Adolescents". Nicotine & Tobacco Research 22, nr 7 (3.12.2019): 1139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz222.

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Abstract Introduction Parents are essential stakeholders for policy implementation. However, data on parents’ support for e-cigarette- and tobacco-related policies is limited. This study examines parents’ support for five e-cigarette- and tobacco-related policies targeted to prevent youth initiation and exposure to industry marketing practices. Methods Data were from a 2018 nationally representative sample of US parents of 11- to 18-year-old middle and high school students. Weighted adjusted logistic regression models examined correlates of support for policy outcomes, controlling for demographics. Analyses were performed among the full sample (n = 2743) and among current tobacco users (n = 355). Results The majority of parents, including current tobacco users, supported tobacco control efforts to protect adolescents. More than 90% of all parents supported restrictions on e-cigarette marketing to youth and 75% supported a ban on flavored e-cigarette sales. Additionally, more than 80% of all parents supported increasing the age of tobacco product sale to 21, limiting tobacco retailer density near schools, and keeping tobacco products out of view where youth shop. Presence of strict home tobacco rules or reporting a high priority to prevent child’s e-cigarette use were significantly associated with higher odds of policy support. Results were similar among current tobacco users. Conclusions Parents are an important group of tobacco control stakeholders and should be utilized to garner support for tobacco control policies in the context of the recent growth in youth tobacco and e-cigarette use. Parents’ public support for tobacco control policies, particularly regulations on e-cigarette sales and marketing, can motivate advocates and policymakers to advance tobacco control policy agendas. Implications Youth tobacco and e-cigarette use in the United States has increased in recent years. Parents are important stakeholders to inform policy agendas and advance efforts to restrict youth access and exposure to tobacco products. This study provides evidence that parents of adolescents are highly supportive of youth-centered tobacco control policies, particularly those that restrict access to youth-targeted e-cigarette marketing and the sale of youth-appealing flavored e-cigarettes. Utilizing policy support to mobilize parents may be an important advocacy strategy to advance tobacco control policy agendas and curb rising rates of youth e-cigarette and tobacco use.

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Ickes, Melinda J., Shannon Sampson, Josh Parsons, Mary Kay Rayens, Min Xiao, Amy Fisher, Monica Mundy i Ellen J. Hahn. "Tobacco-Free Ambassador Partnership: Empowering Youth Advocates in Appalachian Communities". Health Promotion Practice 21, nr 1_suppl (styczeń 2020): 98S—109S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839919880563.

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Kentucky youth (14.3%) smoke more cigarettes as compared to the U.S. average (8.8%), and Appalachian communities suffer disproportionately from tobacco-related diseases such as lung cancer. Training youth to become advocates is an effective strategy to improve health equity. This article describes the development and impact of a youth advocacy program to promote tobacco control policies in Appalachian Kentucky. Phase I (2017-2018): two ½-day trainings followed by monthly meetings with one high school ( n = 20 youth). Trainings provided information on tobacco use, consequences, industry tactics, evidence-based tobacco control, and advocacy skills. Results provided support for expansion to Phase II (2018-20119): A 1-day training followed by monthly information sharing implemented in three counties ( N = 80). Youth were surveyed before and 6-months posttraining during both phases. Phase I: At posttraining, 85% of youth believed they could reduce the amount of tobacco use in their community versus 66% at baseline. More students tried at least once to convince school or government officials to be more concerned about tobacco use (77% vs. 47%). Phase II: More students supported tobacco policies at posttraining survey and realized policies are an effective strategy to reduce tobacco use. At posttraining survey, students reported greater interpersonal confidence talking with others about tobacco-related issues, with a 24% increase in confidence talking with adults in their communities, as well as greater advocacy self-efficacy. Youth in Appalachia demonstrate desire to influence tobacco use and policy to improve health equity. Findings reinforce the need for collaborative public health interventions to promote ongoing training and support for youth living in high-risk communities.

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Reinert, Bonita, Vivien Carver i Lillian M. Range. "Tobacco Use Prevention in Private High Schools". International Quarterly of Community Health Education 22, nr 1 (kwiecień 2003): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/khhf-70ml-rmff-gbwx.

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This project evaluated educational and educational/social interventions to prevent tobacco use in three private, southern high schools. In the fall of 2001, 393 students completed the Youth Tobacco Survey (YTS); in the spring of 2002, 412 completed the YTS. At one school, teachers received training in tobacco prevention and curriculum-integrated materials (E-Only). At another school, teachers received the same training; in addition, the schools offered clubs after school that involved health promotion activities including programs, outside speakers, opportunities to teach younger youth, and advocacy training (E+Social). At a third school, students had classes as usual. Both fall and spring, students intended to avoid tobacco, and realized that peers disapprove. However, an interaction indicated that, though most students' attitudes deteriorated over the academic year, E+Social held steady. Results imply that prevention efforts that include education plus a social component can counteract the deterioration in tobacco attitudes that happens among private school 15-year-olds.

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Smith, Dennis W., Brian Colwell, James J. Zhang, Robert McPherson, Stacey Stevens, Catherine McMillan i James Robinson. "Tobacco Use and Quit Behaviors among Delinquent Youth: A Pilot Study". Journal of Drug Education 32, nr 4 (grudzień 2002): 303–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/6280-kbd0-nyb7-jrdr.

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With rates of adolescent tobacco use steadily increasing over the past 20 years, assisting youth to quit, particularly those youth most susceptible to tobacco use, has become a national focus. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine and profile the smoking patterns of a small sample ( n = 37) of juvenile offenders in Texas. In contrast to anecdotal reports, the sample group from this study did not differ clinically from the general population of adolescent tobacco users. Importantly, the study participants indicated previous attempts to stop smoking. The authors conclude that delinquent youth may be responsive to cognitive behavioral smoking cessation programs that also address the management of peer networks.

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Jason, Leonard A., Steven B. Pokorny, Kathleen Muldowney i Melissa Velez. "Youth Tobacco Sales-To-Minors and Possession-Use-Purchase Laws: A Public Health Controversy". Journal of Drug Education 35, nr 4 (grudzień 2005): 275–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/1f1r-kgtl-pvde-v9ej.

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Tobacco use among youth remains one of our nation's most significant public health problems, and yet available evidence from prevention and cessation person-centered approaches has been mixed. Given these disappointing outcomes, some have recommended more public health approaches, and these include tobacco sales-to-minors and possession-use-purchase laws. While community members and police officials have endorsed these types of public health initiatives, many within the public health community have been either guarded or even oppositional to such approaches. The primary reasons for this controversy are reviewed in this article. Outcome studies indicate that sales-to-minors laws can be an effective step toward the reduction of youth access to commercial sources of tobacco. However, even with these laws in place, many youth indicate that they continue to have easy access to tobacco, often by means of social sources. Advocates of these approaches have argued that more comprehensive public health interventions are needed, such as programs that combine youth access and possession-use-purchase laws. This article reviews the ongoing debate behind these types of public health efforts, and examines the evidence of such programs to reduce youth tobacco use.

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Livingood, William C., Carolyn D. Woodhouse, Judy Jopling Sayre i Peter Wludyka. "Impact Study of Tobacco Possession Law Enforcement in Florida". Health Education & Behavior 28, nr 6 (grudzień 2001): 733–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019810102800606.

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This study of tobacco possession law enforcement was conducted in four selected counties in Florida, the first state to report statistically significant annual declines in youth tobacco use during the 1990s. The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of possession enforcement on youth attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors by comparing results of a survey administered in high-enforcement counties with results from low-enforcement counties and by examining the survey results for relationships of tobacco use to perceptions and awareness of laws and enforcement activity. The survey was administered to a sample of 2,088 randomly selected youth, in conjunction with a qualitative study of law enforcement officials reported elsewhere. Findings indicate that possession enforcement, as a component of comprehensive tobacco control, appears to help reduce youth tobacco use and may be a critical component of the most successful youth tobacco prevention program, documented in the previous decade.

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Cavazos-Rehg, Patricia A., Melissa J. Krauss, Edward L. Spitznagel, Richard A. Grucza i Laura Jean Bierut. "Youth tobacco use type and associations with substance use disorders". Addiction 109, nr 8 (23.05.2014): 1371–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.12567.

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Shadel, William G., Joan S. Tucker, Rachana Seelam, Daniela Golinelli i Daniel Siconolfi. "Associations of Tobacco Advertising Appeal With Intentions to Use Alternative Tobacco Products Among Young Tobacco Users Experiencing Homelessness". American Journal of Health Promotion 34, nr 2 (3.10.2019): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117119878350.

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Purpose: Virtually nothing is known about the potential effects of tobacco advertising on tobacco use among youth experiencing homelessness, a vulnerable population with high tobacco use rates. This study examines associations between the appeal of advertising for 5 classes of tobacco product (electronic cigarettes, hookah, cigars, cigarillos, and smokeless tobacco) and future intentions to use those products again among homeless youth who had indicated any level of lifetime use. Design: A cross-sectional design was used. Setting: Settings were 25 service and street sites in Los Angeles County. Participants: A probability sample of 469 young tobacco users experiencing homelessness (mean age = 22; 71% male; 29% non-Hispanic White) was recruited. Measures: Assessments included product-specific tobacco advertising appeal and future intentions to use the product again, as well as a range of covariate controls (eg, demographics, homelessness severity, current tobacco use, general advertising exposure). Analysis: Linear regression tested for associations between the appeal of advertising for a specific tobacco product and intentions to use that product again in the future, controlling for myriad covariates. Results: Advertising appeal was positively associated with future intentions to use again for electronic cigarettes ( P = .006) and hookah ( P = .001), but not cigars ( P = .486), cigarillos ( P = .126), or smokeless tobacco ( P = .109). Conclusion: Results suggest that advertising appeal may increase use of certain tobacco products among youth experiencing homelessness. However, differences in themes emphasized by advertising for specific tobacco products could differentially influence use in this population.

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Mattingly, Delvon T., Lindsay K. Tompkins, Jayesh Rai, Clara G. Sears, Kandi L. Walker i Joy L. Hart. "Tobacco use and harm perceptions among Appalachian youth". Preventive Medicine Reports 18 (czerwiec 2020): 101089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101089.

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Young, Charlotte F., i Phyllis Skorga. "Interventions for Tobacco Use Prevention in Indigenous Youth". Public Health Nursing 30, nr 5 (wrzesień 2013): 448–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/phn.12065.

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Buettner-Schmidt, Kelly. "Youth and Tobacco Use: Nurses Take a Stand". Journal of Pediatric Health Care 19, nr 6 (listopad 2005): 396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2005.09.006.

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Boyd, Gayle M., i Elbert D. Glover. "Smokeless Tobacco Use by Youth in the U.S." Journal of School Health 59, nr 5 (maj 1989): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.1989.tb04700.x.

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Chaloupka, Frank J. "Contextual factors and youth tobacco use: policy linkages". Addiction 98 (29.04.2003): 147–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.98.s1.10.x.

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Oyewole, Bankole K., Victor J. Animasahun i Helena J. Chapman. "Tobacco use in Nigerian youth: A systematic review". PLOS ONE 13, nr 5 (3.05.2018): e0196362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196362.

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Lipman, Terri H. "Youth Access to Tobacco Use in Two Communities". MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 26, nr 6 (listopad 2001): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005721-200111000-00021.

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Lee, Y. O., C. J. Hebert, J. M. Nonnemaker i A. E. Kim. "Youth Tobacco Product Use in the United States". PEDIATRICS 135, nr 3 (2.02.2015): 409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-3202.

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