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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "You Shu shu gao"
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Bashkeev, Victor V. "Han Documents Preserved in the First Chapter of the Han Shu: Distribution Structure and Reflection of the Political Process". China: society and culture 1, nr 1 (10.06.2022): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ch81802.
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This article discusses four types of documents being preseved in the second part of the first chapter (1B) of the Han shu (The History of Han) [1], the main source for the history of the Western Han state (202 BC 8 AD). The Han shu 1B chapter covers the period from 202 to 195 BC. the reign of the first emperor of the new Liu dynasty, Liu Bang, better known as Gao-zu. The article examines the distribution structure, content and the role of documents preserved in the text of the Han shu 1B chapter and singled out by the author as independent structural elements of the chapter, along with chronicle reports, historical reports, historical narratives and dialogs in the reflection of the historical reality. These are documents of higher bureaucratic turnover of varying degrees of importance. The analysis of the dynamics of document distribution in the text of the Han shu chapter 1B allowed to establish the fact of increased activity of Emperor Liu Bang in the sphere of administration in the penultimate year of his reign at the very beginning of the transition from the forceful subjugation of political opponents to the peaceful administration of the power he was creating.
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Nivison, David S. "An Interpretation of the “Shao Gao”". Early China 20 (1995): 177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0362502800004478.
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This article presents a new translation of the “Shao gao” chapter of the Shang shu. Contrary to the views of Edward Shaughnessy in Early China 18, the author argues 1) that the main speaker is the Duke of Zhou, not the Duke of Shao; 2) that the political philosophy expressed is consistent with other texts ascribed to the Duke of Zhou; and 3) that the Duke of Zhou did not die in disgrace or in exile. The author dates the Duke of Zhou's death to the twenty-first year of King Cheng's reign, either 1017 or 1015 B.C.
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Bingquan, Li, i Chen Zhengyang. "On the Psychological Therapy of Zhu-You-Shu". Theory and Practice of Psychological Counseling 6, nr 6 (2024): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35534/tppc.0606035.
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Rudenko, N. V. "“Interpretation of Voidness and Fullness” and “Interpretation of Loftiness and Cleanliness”: Li Zhi’s Essays on the Qualities of Human Character". Orientalistica 3, nr 1 (29.03.2020): 84–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7043-2020-3-1-84-109.
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The paper continues the research of the chapter “Diverse Writings” (Za shu 雜述) of the famous “Book to Burn” (Fen shu 焚書), opus magnum of iconoclastic late Ming thinker Li Zhi (李贄, 1527–1602), and presents the first Russian translations of Li Zhi’s essays on qualities of human character: “Interpretation of Voidness and Fullness” (Xu shi shuo 虛實說) and “Interpretation of Loftiness and Cleanliness” (Gao jie shuo 高潔說). In these writings the thinker makes accent on the importance of real, not only nominal possession of virtues as well as of the ability to reconsider one’s own wrong views. He also protests against the hypocrisy and prejudice and puts forward the genuineness as a criteria of what makes the difference between ordinary people and a gentleman. The essays provide a bright reflection of the core features of Li Zhi’s philosophical views, such as oppositional authentism, naturalistic dualism and the synthesis of Buddhist, Daoist and Confucian elements.The author declares that there is no conflict of interest.
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Sun (孫飛燕), Feiyan. "On the Nature of the Tsinghua Bamboo-Slip Manuscript Chi jiu zhi ji Tang zhi wu". Bamboo and Silk 4, nr 2 (1.09.2021): 246–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24689246-00402011.
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Abstract The nature of the Tsinghua bamboo-slip manuscript Chi jiu zhi ji Tang zhi wu is different from that of the Yi Yin shuo, which is recorded in the ‘Zhuzi lüe’ of the Han shu ‘Yiwen zhi’. This manuscript is also not a story fabricated by people in the Warring States period. It is possible that what is presented in this manuscript was a legend passed from generation to generation within Yi Yin’s lineage. Unlike Yin zhi and Yin gao, this manuscript does not belong to the Shangshu category.
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Lazerick, Beth. "News from the Net: Montessori Mathematics". Teaching Children Mathematics 6, nr 8 (kwiecień 2000): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/tcm.6.8.0501.
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For Montessori teachers and for those of you who may just be interested in learning about the Montessori method of teaching mathematics, Shu-Chen Jenny Yen's Online Montessori Albums is a wonderful site to explore.
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Yin, Xin, Rie Kishida, Sarah Krull Abe, Md Rashedul Islam, Md Shafiur Rahman, Eiko Saito, Qing Lan i in. "Abstract 4200: Association between reproductive factors with lung cancer incidence and mortality: A pooled analysis of over 308,000 females in the Asia Cohort Consortium". Cancer Research 83, nr 7_Supplement (4.04.2023): 4200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-4200.
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Abstract Background: Previous studies have investigated the association between reproductive factors and lung cancer risk; however, findings have been inconsistent. This study aims to assess the association between reproductive factors with lung cancer incidence and mortality among Asian women. Methods: A total of 308,949 female participants with a mean age of 55.13 from 11 prospective cohorts and four Asian countries (Japan, Korea, China, and Singapore) in the Asia Cohort Consortium (ACC) were included. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A total of 3,119 primary lung cancer cases and 2,247 lung cancer deaths were identified with a mean follow-up of 16.4 years. Parous women had a lower risk of lung cancer incidence and mortality as compared with nulliparous women, with HRs of 0.82 (95% CI = 0.70 - 0.96) and 0.78 (95% CI = 0.65 - 0.94). Corresponding HRs were lowest among women with 1-2 children, with HRs of 0.78 (95% CI = 0.66 - 0.93) and 0.72 (95% CI = 0.59 - 0.87) for lung cancer incidence and mortality. The protective association of parity and lung cancer incidence was greater among ever-smokers (HR=0.66, 95% CI = 0.49 - 0.87) than in never-smokers (HR=0.90, 95% CI = 0.74 - 1.09) (P-interaction = 0.029). Compared with age at first delivery ≤20 years, older age at first delivery (≥26 years) was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer incidence and mortality. Compared with age at menopause <45 years, older age at menopause (≥55 years) was associated with a decreased risk of lung cancer mortality (HR=0.75, 95% CI = 0.58 - 0.96). Women who ever used hormone replacements had a higher likelihood of developing non-small cell lung cancer (HR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.01 - 1.67), compared to those who never used hormone replacements. Conclusions: Distinct from Western women, Asian parous women, especially those who have 1-2 children had a lower risk of lung cancer incidence and mortality compared with nulliparous women. Future studies are needed to assess the underlying mechanisms, the relationships within these female reproductive factors, and the potential changes in smoking habits over time. Citation Format: Xin Yin, Rie Kishida, Sarah Krull Abe, Md. Rashedul Islam, Md. Shafiur Rahman, Eiko Saito, Qing Lan, Batel Bletcher, Melissa Merritt, Ji-Yeob Choi, Aesun Shin, Ryoko Katagiri, Xiao-Ou Shu, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Woon-Puay Koh, Ichiro Tsuji, Chisato Nagata, Sue K. Park, Sun-Seog Kweon, Yu-Tang Gao, Shoichiro Tsugane, Takashi Kimura, Jian-Min Yuan, Yukai Lu, Seiki Kanemura, Yumi Sugawara, Keiko Wada, Min-Ho Shin, Habibul Ahsan, Paolo Boffetta, Kee Seng Chia, Keitaro Matsuo, You-Lin Qiao, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Zheng, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang, Wei Jie Seow. Association between reproductive factors with lung cancer incidence and mortality: A pooled analysis of over 308,000 females in the Asia Cohort Consortium. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4200.
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Gerson-Gurwitz, Adina, Pengyu Yang, Sarah Fish, Gabrielle Blanco, Hongfeng Gao, Kyohei Hayashi, Mike Hocker i in. "Abstract 3309: Discovery of potent and selective bivalent CDK2 degraders that demonstrate activity in CCNE1amp driven tumors". Cancer Research 84, nr 6_Supplement (22.03.2024): 3309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-3309.
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Abstract Introduction: The Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs) with their cyclin binding partners, are associated with cell cycle progression and transcriptional regulation. Targeting CDKs is a key oncology therapeutic strategy with CDK4/6 inhibitors demonstrating significant clinical benefit in HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer, the most prevalent subtype. However, 30% of patients develop acquired resistance in the clinic with cyclin E1 (CCNE1) amplification/overexpression and CDK2 activation implicated as a major resistance mechanism to CDK4/6i breast cancer therapy. Additionally, CCNE1/CDK2 activation has also been associated with poor prognosis in ovarian and endometrial cancers. Selective targeting of CDK2 using small molecule inhibitor-based approaches have recently advanced into the clinic. Targeted protein degradation of CDK2 provides an alternative strategy that has the potential to eliminate the activity of the CCNE1/CDK2 complex, as well as CDK2 complexed with other cyclins, including cyclin A, and provide improved clinical benefit. Results: Discovery efforts at Plexium have identified CDK2 bivalent degraders that consist of a CDK2-binding moiety, a linker and a high affinity cereblon-binding ligand. Cereblon binding potency was found to correlate with potent and deep degradation of CDK2. Degradation was blocked in the presence of a proteasome inhibitor as well as in a cereblon knock-out cell line, confirming that CDK2 degradation is mediated by the ubiquitin proteasome system and through engaging cereblon. Proteome-wide analysis demonstrated that CDK2 was selectively depleted without significantly modulating other CDKs or known cereblon neo-substrates. Selective degradation was achieved despite lack of selectivity for binding/inhibition of other CDKs and was confirmed to be dependent on the formation of a CRBN-CDK2 ternary complex. Dose dependent CDK2 degradation resulted in dose dependent inhibition of Rb phosphorylation, cell cycle arrest, senescence-associated phenotypes and antiproliferative activity in CCNE1 amplified cancer cell lines. The in vitro data was used to evaluate the PK/PD drug exposure-response relationship in vivo and deep CDK2 degradation was demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: These data provide validation for CDK2 degradation as a therapeutic approach. Potent and selective CDK2 bivalent degraders were exploited as tools for studying the sensitivity of CCNE1 amplified tumor models to CDK2 degradation and dependence on E3 ligase. This proof-of concept study supports Plexium’s current approach of discovering novel CDK2 molecular glue degraders for the treatment of CDK4/6 inhibitor-naïve and -resistant HR+/HER2− breast cancer, and CCNE1 amplified ovarian and endometrial cancers. Citation Format: Adina Gerson-Gurwitz, Pengyu Yang, Sarah Fish, Gabrielle Blanco, Hongfeng Gao, Kyohei Hayashi, Mike Hocker, Aleks Jamborcic, Andre Richters, Mary E. Spalding, Julia Toth, Duc Tran, Linette Yang, Shu You, Andrew Burritt, Alex Campos, Gregory Parker, Kevin Freeman-Cook, Peggy A. Thompson, Simon Bailey. Discovery of potent and selective bivalent CDK2 degraders that demonstrate activity in CCNE1amp driven tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3309.
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JEONG, Sangbong. "Cheng-Zhu’s Theory of Zhongshu and Contemporary Confucians’ Interpretation". Tae Dong Institute of classic research 50 (30.06.2023): 43–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31408/tdicr.2023.50.43.
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Cheng brothers and Zhu Xi explained Zhongshu忠恕 by dividing it into the Zhongshu of saints and the Zhongshu of scholars. If the Zhongshu of a saint completely realizes the Zhongshu of heaven and earth without any selfishness, the Zhongshu of a scholar requires constant efforts to practice. In particular, Zhu Xi paid attention to the Zhongshu of scholars, set up a problem situation in which Zhongshu was not carried out properly, and then suggested the study of deliberation and sincerity as a solution. According to Cheng-Zhu’s theory of Zhongshu, Zhong and Shu have a logical structure of Ti體 and Yong用. The relationship between the two can be seen as the relationship between Ili一理 and Wanshu萬殊. Feng Youlan, Tang Junyi, Xu Fuguan, and Mou Zongsan, who are counted as the contemporary Confucians, each presented different interpretations of Cheng-Zhu’s theory of Zhongshu from their own perspectives. Feng Youlan refers to “Desiring to take his stand, one who is Good helps others to take their stand; wanting to realize himself, he helps others to realize themselves.” as Zhong忠, “Do not impose upon others what you yourself do not desire.” as Shu恕. On the other hand, Tang Junyi considers the former as active Shu and the latter as passive Shu. In addition, Xu Fuguan divided Zhong and Shu into two aspects: the completion of one’s own self(成己) and the completion of all things(成物). Lastly, Mou Zongsan insists that Cheng Mingdao’s understanding which explained Zhongshu in the dimension where the heavenly principle is constantly revealed, that is, “existing and active”, is correct. In addition, he evaluates that the explanations of Cheng Yichuan and Zhu Xi did not properly explain the true meaning of Zhongshu. The various explanations of the contemporary Confucians on Zhongshu each have their own grounds for argument. It can be said that their various reading methods have broadened the horizon of interpretation. Korean scholars generally take the view of Tang Junyi’s view, which divides Shu into positive and negative aspects among Contemporary Confucians’ Interpretations. I think this is because it keeps in mind Cheng-Zhu’s theory of Zhongshu. In the future, in-depth discussions on the modern significance of Zhongshu should be added.
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Zhang, Qianpeng, Daquan Zhang, Xiaofei Sun, Beitao Ren i Zhiyong Fan. "(Invited, Digital Presentation) High-Efficiency and Stable Perovskite LEDs and Displays with Nanophotonic Methods". ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, nr 36 (9.10.2022): 1308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02361308mtgabs.
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Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have experienced rapid development in the past 8 years. The external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of red, green, and near-infrared (NIR) PeLEDs have all surpassed the 20% milestone. Meanwhile, the blue PeLEDs also achieved EQEs higher than 10% and are catching up quickly with PeLEDs of other colors. However, there are still two key problems remaining within the PeLEDs for their further development, namely the light extraction problem and the short lifetime problem. Therefore, in this report, we will discuss our recent work targeting addressing the above two critical problems. First, our work on improving the light extraction efficiency by deploying the nanophotonic substrates will be introduced. Second, the improvement of the device’s operational lifetime at high luminance conditions with perovskite nanowires embedded in a porous alumina template will be discussed. Third, a full evaporation method that is compatible with industrialization will be shown. Last but not least, our endeavors on the displays based on perovskite materials will be covered. References [1] Q. Zhang, M. M. Tavakoli, L. Gu, D. Zhang, L. Tang, Y. Gao, J. Guo, Y. Lin, S. -F. Leung, S. Poddar, Y. Fu, Z. Fan, "Efficient metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes with significantly improved light extraction on nanophotonic substrates," Nature Communications, 10 (1), 727 (2019). [2] Q. Zhang, D. Zhang, L. Gu, S. Poddar, Y. Fu, L. Shu, and Z. Fan, “Three-dimensional perovskite nanophotonic wire array-based light-emitting diodes with significantly improved efficiency and stability,” ACS Nano, 14 (2), 1577-1585 (2020). [3] Y. Fu, Q. Zhang, D. Zhang, Y. Tang, L. Shu, Y. Zhu, and Z. Fan, “Scalable All-evaporation Fabrication of Efficient Light-Emitting Diodes with Hybrid 2D-3D Perovskite Nanostructures,” Advanced Functional Materials, 30, 2002913 (2020). [4] D. Zhang, Q. Zhang, B. Ren, Y. Zhu, M. Abdellah, Y. Fu, B. Cao, C. Wang, L. Gu, Y. Ding, K.-H. Tsui, S. Fan, S. Poddar, L. Shu, Y. Zhang, D.-B. Kuang, J.-F. Liao, Y. Lu, K. Zheng, Z. He, Z. Fan, “Large-scale Planar and Spherical Light-emitting Diodes Based on Arrays of Perovskite Quantum Wires”, Nature Photonics, 19, 284-290 (2022).
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "You Shu shu gao"
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Shi, Yan. "Dialectic of corporeality and poetical imagination olfactory descriptions and reverie in Yu Guangzhong's poems = Shen ti gan yu xiang xiang li de bian zheng : lun Yu Guangzhong shi ge de xiu jue shu xie yu meng xiang yi shi /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43785013.
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Kong, Ching-man Paula. "The effectiveness of genre approach to teaching book report writing to senior secondary students Wen lei gong neng jiao xue fa zai du shu bao gao xie zuo jiao xue de cheng xiao /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38203376.
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Wu, Tsz Wing. "Li Yu gai bian ju yan jiu : jian lun wen ren chuan qi yu shi min wen xue zhi rong he /". View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?HUMA%202006%20WU.
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Lee, Toi-na Monique, i 李黛娜. "A study of the theory and practice of using the integrative and effective approach to the learning and teaching of Chinese characters to preschoolers = "You er zong he gao xiao shi zi fa" : li lun yu shi jian de yan jiu". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/212605.
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Currently, the pre-primary education curriculum in Hong Kong is using an Integrated Thematic Approach. In language learning, teaching activities are random and there is a lack of systematic teaching of Chinese characters. The aim of this study is to construct a theory in the teaching and learning of Chinese characters for preschoolers and to investigate the effectiveness of the “Young Children Integrative and Effective Approach” (IEA).
The theoretical framework of this research is based on the Integrative and Effective Approach and includes other word recognition theory, young children vocabulary acquisition and metalinguistic awareness research to further construct the IEA.
The researcher has used multiple-case study method, including teaching experiments, classroom observations, interviews of teachers and young children, and analysis of young children’s work samples, in the collection of data. The samples of this research come from two individual schools. The first case study isthe lower class of School A (n=30); and the second case study is the upper class of School B (n=26).Each case is divided into the experimental group and control group. The researcher conducted the research in the two schools, and invited the young children to attend the word recognition pre-test and post-test. For in-depth investigation, the researcher followed up on the learning of three children of different abilities of the experimental group in School A in the second year.
The research results were divided into two parts. In the first part, findings from the paired-samples t-test analysis showed that the young children in the experimental group using the IEA had significant improvement in word recognition. The data collected through classroom observations, teacher interviews and young children’s work sample analysis illustrated that the effectiveness of IEA lies in enhancing the young children’s learning of the meaning, sound and shape of Chinese characters.
As for the second part, findings from Two-way ANCOVA (teaching method x ability group) showed that young children of the middle and lower ability from the experimental group had significant improvement in the word recognition test compared with the control group. Moreover the data collected through the sample works of the three young children of different abilities from the experimental group and interviews indicated that IEA could continuously improve preschoolers of different abilities in their learning of Chinese characters throughout the two years.
The contributions of this study include filling the research gap, and developing a theoretical framework. The findings of the study could serve as a reference for early childhood teacher training, and for the development of curriculum and teaching materials.
香港的學前教育，主要採用「主題教學」的綜合課程模式，其中語文範疇變成隨機的教學活動，缺乏識字教學的系統。本研究的目的是建構幼兒識字學與教的理論及探討實踐「幼兒綜合高效識字法(高效法)」的效果。
本研究的理論，建基於「綜合高效識字法」，包括其他的識字理論、幼兒的詞彙習得及元語言意識的研究，進一步發展「高效法」的理論框架。
研究者採用多重個案設計，包括教學實驗、課堂觀察、教師及幼兒訪談、幼兒作品分析，從多渠道搜集資料。研究對象以兩所學校為整體單位。第一個案是學校甲的低班,共30人﹔第二個案是學校乙的高班，共26人。各個個案再分為實驗組和控制組。研究員在兩所學校進行教學實驗，並邀請幼兒參與識字的前後測試。為了增強研究的深度，第二年跟進學校甲實驗組3位不同能力幼兒的學習。
研究結果分為兩部分，第一部分，從配對T檢驗的分析，結果顯示「高效法」能全面提升幼兒的識字能力。其次，從實驗組的課堂觀察、教師訪談及幼兒作品的資料分析，結果深入了解「高效法」有效的特點，在於能促進幼兒的形音義發展。
第二部分，從二因子共變數(教學法x能力組別)的分析，結果顯示相對於控制組別，「高效法」能提升中能力或低能力幼兒的識字能力。其次，從實驗組3位不同能力幼兒的作品及訪談資料的分析，結果顯示「高效法」能持續於兩年增進不同能力幼兒的識字學習。
本研究的貢獻包括填補了幼兒識字教學法的研究缺口，並且發展幼兒識字學與教的理論框架。而研究所得，可應用於幼兒教育的教師培訓，以及發展識字課程及教材。published_or_final_version
Education
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Huang, Chin-yun, i 黃錦雲. "The Exploration of Bodhicarin through Mr. Jin You Shu Incident". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4h7paj.
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碩士華梵大學
東方人文思想研究所
106
Abstract Buddhism is one of the religion which teaches us to abandon selfishness and cultivate compassion just like many others religion. Being humanity, altruism, caring to others is also the core teaching of the Dharma. Mr. Jin You Shu is an ordinary farmer who lived in Feng Le Town, Kai County, Si Chuan Province, Mainland, China, started the life saving rescue operation immediately without any hesitation at the scene of road accident towards 17 bus passengers who drowned into a 5 meters deep pond. After performing the rescue operation successfully, he left quietly without mentioning a single word. However, he lost his own life after 138 days after the incident due to choked water and loss of temperature during the rescue operation. Although this is a news of 14 years ago, the act like Bodhisattva relieves sufferings in times of need still as shine as ever and brighten our space with sattva. Through Mr. Jin You Shu's act of courageous, this study aims to explore can he be addressed as Bodhisattva? First of all, there were ardent discussions and wide variety point of views during the survey of Dharma elder practioner. Throughout the exploration of 25 sages and literature review of Dhamma scriptures, hopefully Yoniso manasikāro will lead to the correct answer. The Dhamma literature review stated clearly regarding the origin, birth and significance of Bodhisattva. Hence, it can be conclude that the appellation of Bodhisattva does not comes from the Buddha. However, it is a term added by later disciple for admiration in a form of respect and reverence. Moreover, it has set out a clear clarification of the view of Bodhisattva between Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism. There might be various points of views toward Bodhicaryavatara, but after conducting this research, knowing and understanding a clear context of Bodhisattva and its definition, the less likely there is to be misunderstandings. Lastly, regarding those samaritans whom practice loving kindness compassion, are they qualified to be addressed as Bodhisattva? The answer is obvious.
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Lin, Chiu-hsiang, i 林秋香. "Information technology into the Hakka language teaching action research – A Case Study of Gao Shu Elementary School sophomore". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20506976154802422493.
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碩士國立屏東教育大學
文化創意產業學系
100
Information technology into the Hakka language teaching action research – A Case Study of Gao Shu Elementary School sophomore Abstract In this study, through the action research to explore the information technology into the teaching process of the Hakka language teaching, aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of the Hakka language teaching. The course of the study in addition to the rich use of network resources and home-made PPT arrangement of the theme of course information technology materials into the teaching. In addition, the author compiled video interviews,students and parents questionnaire,also refer to the collaborative teacher observation records and researchers to reflect on review for multi-test and cross-analysis, in order to nderstand the effectiveness of students'' learning through amendments and reflections to enhance tachers''professional growth. The results are as follows: First, the use of information technology into the Hakka language teaching, the implementation of local teachers teaching effectiveness: (1) Contribute to the acquisition and sharing of information. (2) To enable teachers to better performance in the preparation of teaching materials. (3) Teaching activities more smoothly. (4) To enhance teachers'' professional growth. (5) Enhance the advantages and disadvantages of the interactive between teachers and students. Second, the use of information technology into the Hakka language teaching, the impact on student learning: (1) To enhance students'' attention span and learning effectiveness. (2) The appreciation and respect for cultural diversity, and can expand their horizons. (3) Teacher and peer scaffolding support "to show self-confidence. (4) Through the game assessment as learning and experience sharing effect. (5) The Hakka language teaching site resources can increase the self-learning ability of children. (6) To change the teaching-learning. (7) To learn the "waiting for the ritual". Finally, for the results of the study, respectively, local language teachers, schools, future research and government institutions to provide personal recommendations as a reference to the enthusiasm of the researchers on native language education.
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Wang, Shu-Wei, i 王樹圍. "The research for the victory factors of the basic level election of Taiwan Township Mayor – The specific case upon Gao-Shu Township, Ping-Tung County". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/re8j4z.
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碩士國立中山大學
政治學研究所
97
.The research attempts to probe into the victory factors of the basic level public position election of 1994 to 2005 from the specific case upon Gao-Shu Township, Ping-Tung County . Briefly, the research purpose of this paper is to discuss the relations among the six-factors of election victory, such as the superiority of the candidate and the incumbent, the election strategy, personal performance, the structure of people from different provincial origins, the Party and the civic organizations, local factions. And further it probes into the interactive relation between the six-factors and the electors, and the relation between the final actual voting-decision for the candidate whom the electors support. From the research result, it discovers that personal performance and image of the candidate account for the important part of the election victory factors.
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WANG, CHIH-YUNG, i 王志勇. "The satisfaction of field trip teaching locations and the receptiveness of field trips of 5th and 6th graders of Li-gang and Gao-shu Elementary Schools in Pingtung". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00309615312507980986.
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碩士大仁科技大學
環境管理研究所
102
This research is focused on the elementary school students of Li-gang and Gao-shu counties of Pingtung. It’s to discuss the satisfaction of field trip teaching locations and the receptiveness of field trips of 5th and 6th graders of Li-gang and Gao-shu Elementary Schools in Pingtung. In order to collect the sampling information, a total of 1029 questionnaires are prepared. The effective questionnaires received are 1001 copies, which translates to an effective rate of 97.27%. It is tested by SPSS statistics software for T verification, and single factor changed, DVD-analysis, Pearson plot poor correlation and path analysis. The results are as follows: the 5th and 6th graders of Li-gang and Gao-shu elementary school students prefer the natural ecological areas for field trips. There are two reasons that attract them to participate in the field trip. The first reason is being able to relax. The second reason is they’re able to hang out with good friends. The diversity of the main factors for the satisfaction and the locations of field trip are: the educational level of their father and mother. Also, the satisfaction and the locations of field trip lead to positive effect.
Książki na temat "You Shu shu gao"
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Wu, Tang. You Shu shu gao. Beijing: Quan guo tu shu guan wen xian suo wei fu zhi zhong xin, 2005.
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Wu, Tang. You Shu shu gao. Beijing: Quan guo tu shu guan wen xian suo wei fu zhi zhong xin, 2005.
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Du, Hongchun. You Shu shu gao jiao zheng. Beijing: Shang wu yin shu guan, 2014.
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Zhao, Jing, i Qi Dan. Shu xue jian mo yu shu xue shi yan. Wyd. 8. Beijing: Gao deng jiao yu chu ban she, 2014.
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rong, Lin dao, Qin zhi lin i Zhou wei guang. Shu xue shi yan yu shu xue jian mo. Bei jing: Ke xue chu ban she, 2011.
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Tong ji da xue. Shu xue xi. Gao deng shu xue. Wyd. 8. Beijing: Gao deng jiao yu chu ban she, 2007.
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Zhang, Dong'en. MATLAB gao deng shu xue shi yan. Beijing Shi: Dian zi gong ye chu ban she, 2008.
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qi, Liu yan. Liang you shi pin jia gong ji shu. Bei jing: Hua xue gong ye chu ban she, 2007.
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Quan guo nong mu yu ye feng shou ji hua ban gong shi., red. Shui chan you zhi gao xiao zeng yang zhi ji shu. Beijing: Jing ji ke xue chu ban she, 1996.
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Chen, Ming. Shi yong shu ju jie gou. Wyd. 8. Beijing: Qing hua da xue chu ban she, 2010.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "You Shu shu gao"
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Tan, Charlene. "Mindful Teaching: Shu (Putting Oneself in the Other’s Place) and the Golden Rule (Do to Others as You Would Have Them Do to You)". W Mindful Education, 123–39. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1405-7_8.
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Hill, Michael Gibbs. "The Name Is Changed, but the Tale Is Told of You". W Lin Shu, Inc., 50–96. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199892884.003.0003.
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Sterne, Laurence. "CHAPTER XXII". W The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199532896.003.0231.
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——Get on with you, said the abbess. ——Wh----ysh——ysh—— cried Margarita. Sh---a——shu-u shu--u—sh--aw shaw'd the abbess. ——Whu—v—w——whew—w—w—whuv'd Margarita, pursing up her sweet lips betwixt a hoot and a whistle. Thump—thump—thump—obstreperated the abbess of Andoüillets with the end of her gold-headed cane against the bottom of the...
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Perkins, Franklin. "Cultivating Feelings". W Doing What You Really Want, 109–35. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197574911.003.0005.
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This chapter turns to the specific methods Mengzi (and other Confucians) advocate for self-cultivation. The core of Mengzi’s account is that emotions arise from immediate stimulation, leading to an imperative to put oneself in the right situations. That basis in direct experience is extended and complicated by imagination and attention. Mengzi frequently points out the way in which certain situations will evoke feelings of compassion, shame, or aversion in us, while other situations will not, even if they are equally bad. That leads to his idea of extension, which is a central theme of this chapter. Extension includes the method of empathic reciprocity, shu, not wanting to impose on others what we do not want imposed on ourselves, something resembling the Golden Rule. The chapter concludes with a discussion of our dependence on other people and the sharing of responsibility.
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Giddins, Gary. "Jazzman of the Year: 2002 (Clark Terry)". W Weather Bird, 521–24. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195304497.003.0128.
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Abstract Dear CT, It’s that time of year again—holidays, wrap-ups, and your birthday, number 82 on December 14, which undoubtedly seems more incredible to observers like me than to you, living with courage and style, and still playing with a gleaming ingenuity that spits in the eye of mortal ailments. I believe in choosing one’s own savior, and this year, like it or not, I choose you. You inspire me, emboldening me with the desire to embrace and hear music anew. Since your phoenix-like recovery from serial ills—one of the more astonishing and upbeat stories of the year— I’ve found myself thinking a lot about what you have meant and continue to mean to jazz. To be honest, last winter I feared you had finally put the flugelhorn away for good. The daughter of your great friend and mighty trumpet player Jimmy Maxwell had called to say she had heard you were in troubled health and was worried. You may not know that she and I were in college together. In fact, the first time I caught you live was when the Clark Terry–Bob Brookmeyer Quintet, or a version thereof, came to Grinnell, Iowa, during our freshman year. Anne later told me that until that evening (given the excited conversation that anticipated and followed it), she didn’t realize that her father was famous or that you are one of the jazz gods. Of course, your casually infallible technique and comic esprit sometimes suggest that you don’t know it either—but then true modesty is often inherent in true wit. I’ve never forgotten a moment that occurred after the concert, when the musicians were packing up. You and Bob had brought a pickup trio from Chicago, and they did their best. Right before leaving the stage, you walked over to the pianist, shook his hand with a wide smile, and said, “Don’t think it hasn’t been a gas just because it hasn’t.”
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Flaubert, Gustave. "IV". W Sentimental Education. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199686636.003.0013.
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The Maréchale was ready and waiting. ‘That’s nice of you!’ she said, gazing at him with her pretty eyes both tender and gay. When she had tied the strings of her bonnet, she sat on the divan and remained silent. ‘Are we going?’ Frédéric said....
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Wiener, Harvey S. "Faraway Views : Generalizing". W Any Child Can Read Better. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195102185.003.0014.
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It's been a rough Tuesday, especially in your dealings with teenagers. A mother of two young kids yourself, you expect a modicum of respect from kids ten, fifteen, or twenty years younger than you are. But today, no such luck. In Stop 'n Shop a nineteen year old stock boy packing apple sauce jars nearly knocks you over as he hoists a huge carton from a dolly to the floor. Of course, he gives you no apology. At Burger King, the order taker sneers at you when you present a fifty dollar bill; she mumbles a snide remark under her breath about your confusing a fast food store with a bank. The gas jockey at a new Exxon station gives you fifteen dollars' worth of premium when you ordered ten dollars' worth of regular and zealously begins a shouting match, demanding that you pay up because you should have been sure that he heard what you wanted. A few other similar experiences have set your teeth on edge. Kids, you grumble. Deteriorating in manners. No good, today's generation. No respect for their elders. Self-centered. Care only about their own needs and feelings. If you can remember formulating principles like these or others like them, congratulate yourself as a highorder thinker. Even though the thoughts themselves might result from unhappy experiences, you've used your good brain power to establish a broader context for your experiences. Go ahead and pat yourself on the back! What you've done is to exercise another major strategy that marks mature thought: generalizing. The ability to generalize helps you interpret your surroundings and helps you probe deeper meanings from it. It allows you to see relations between specific circumstances and more abstract conditions. Psychologists say that the process of generalizing is a process of discovery; when you see similar elements in diverse circumstances you take a conceptual leap forward in your thinking. To some, one of the primary goals of education is to create thinkers who know how to generalize.
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Smith, Gary Scott. "“I Look upon All the World as My Parish”". W Do All the Good You Can, 123–49. University of Illinois Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252045318.003.0006.
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Hillary Rodham Clinton served as US secretary of state from 2009 to 2013. Her optimistic perspective on life springing from her Methodist upbringing and theology, Clinton contended, made her foreign-policy philosophy inclusive and outward-looking. As secretary of state, Clinton strove to increase the rights and elevate the status of women. She argued that the best way to enhance global social stability was by empowering women and minorities, a philosophy some dubbed “The Hillary Doctrine.” Clinton also championed aiding Haiti after the devastating earthquake in 2010, reducing human trafficking, supplying cleaner and more efficient cookstoves, and promoting gay rights and religious liberty. Clinton again began to speak more openly and frequently about religious matters as she began her second quest for the presidency in 2014.
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Sides, Josh. "The Many Legacies of AIDS". W Erotic City, 175–204. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195377811.003.0007.
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Abstract Selma Dritz was the last person you would expect to be an expert on the outlandish gay sex scene South of Market. Born in Chicago to Russian parents in 1917, Dritz finished medical school in 1941 and became the chief resident of the Cook County Contagious Disease Hospital before retiring in 1947 to raise her three children. She and her family moved to San Francisco in 1949, where they bought a house in the sleepy southwestern edge of the outer Sunset District, and Dritz became a stay- at-home mom for almost two decades. Once her kids were grown, she got a master’s degree in public health at Berkeley in 1967 and quickly accepted a post as assistant director of disease control for the SFDPH. As a doctor and a mother, she already knew the terrain well. “At first,” she later recalled, the work “was the usual standard chasing down of measles, mumps, whooping cough, making sure that children in school had their proper immunizations.”
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Winkler, Kevin. "“And Me, I Was Your Hostess!”". W On Bette Midler, 25–67. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197668320.003.0002.
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Abstract This chapter examines Bette Midler as a theater artist who in her early performances at the Continental Baths was already curating an act that she would refine and expand for the next fifty years. Her increasingly elaborate shows were hybrid Broadway musical/rock concert/cabaret performances laced with comic characterizations and withering observations on popular culture and politics. Midler’s success in films and recordings brought her new fans, and their embrace of her stage performances demonstrated how successfully she had transferred the gay camp humor of her Divine Miss M persona to a wider audience. Midler and the mainstream had somehow met just left of center. The chapter also looks at her later return to traditional plays and musicals, culminating in a record-breaking run in the 2017 Broadway revival of Hello, Dolly!
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "You Shu shu gao"
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Cachioni, Marcelo, Maira Cristina Grigoleto i Juliana Binotti Pereira Scariato. "Plano de gestão: sítio histórico urbano (SHU) "Rua do Porto" - Piracicaba - SP". W Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Maestría en Planeación Urbana y Regional. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Bogotá, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6016.
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O presente trabalho se propõe a apresentar reflexões resultantes dos estudos desenvolvidos sobre o Sítio
Histórico Urbano ‘Rua do Porto’ em Piracicaba - SP Brasil, tendo como enfoque a constituição da paisagem
cultural e quatro elementos: a água (relação do homem com o meio), o peixe (arte do saber/fazer), as
olarias (atividade profissional e característica construtiva) e a produção da pamonha (arte do saber/fazer).
Tais análises embasam histórica e culturalmente o Plano de Gestão proposto para área, cuja base
conceitual se fundamenta na concepção de paisagem cultural.
Por meio de um percurso retrospectivo sobre as vivências às margens do Rio Piracicaba, foi possível
verificar como esses itens têm ou tiveram suas existências e representações marcadas pelas características
ribeirinhas de ‘ser’ e ‘viver’. É possível perceber como foram constituídos por meio da organização da
memória histórica e afetiva, resultante de um processo de seleção baseado em ações do poder público e
dos cidadãos em suas manifestações de ‘contra poder’. This paper aims to present reflections resulting from developed over the Urban Historic Site 'Rua do Porto'
studies in Piracicaba - SP Brazil, having as focus the constitution of the cultural landscape and the four
elements: water (man's relationship with the environment), fish (art of know-how), the potteries (occupation
and constructive characteristic) and the pamonha’s production - a kind of sweet corn cake (art of know-how).
These analyzes underlie historical and culturally Management Plan proposed to this area, whose conceptual
basis is based on the concept of cultural landscape.
Through a retrospective journey experiences on the Rio Piracicaba banks, it was possible to see how these
items have either had their existence and representations marked by riverine characteristics of 'being' and
'living'. You can see how they were made through the historical and affective memory organization's,
resulting in a selection process based on actions of government and citizens in their expressions of 'counterpower'.
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Mohebbinia, Saeedeh, Stephen Peter Pennell, Raul Valdez i Kiomars Eskandaridalvand. "Evaluation of Historical and Ongoing Double Displacement Process in Yates Field Unit". W SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209374-ms.
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Abstract Implementation of a second Double Displacement Process (DDP2) has been evaluated for Yates Field Unit (YFU). A DDP2 Demonstration Area Project has been designed to test DDP2 in a mature, high recovery area of the field. A detailed, geologically based reservoir description was used to build a simulation model for the DDP2 pilot area to study the DDP process and evaluate DDP2 performance. Initial saturations and relative permeability curves were generated based on a capillary pressure based Saturation Height Function (SHF) study. The fracture system was simulated using a hybrid dual porosity/permeability system. A 9-component equation of state (EOS) was used to model the YFU fluid properties. Capillary pressure of imbibition is used to capture the effect of hysteresis and oil trapping in the zones invaded by the aquifer during primary depletion. The simulation model has been tuned against historical performance since 1927, focusing on the first DDP process (DDP1) implemented over 1992-2000. Matching historical production/injection, field pressure and fluid contacts data were the history matching objectives. The DDP2 pilot project will include lowering 31 Horizontal Drain Hole (HDH) lateral completions by 25 feet to lower the contacts. The tuned model has been used to generate flow streams for different forecasting scenarios utilizing the DDP2 process. Forecast results show incremental oil recovery by lowering the contacts by 25 feet during the DDP2 phase. This paper presents a comprehensive study of YFU DDP1 process and evaluation of the second DDP process by a 3D numerical simulation model. The simulation model is used to improve understanding of the complex Gas-Oil Gravity Drainage (GOGD) and Gas Assisted Gravity Drainage (GAGD), and provide forecasts for the DDP2 process. Success of the pilot will result in extending the field life another 10-20 years.
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Xiaozhi Wang and Neil Pegg, ISSC 2022 Editors. "Proceedings of the 21st International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress VOLUME 3 Discussions". W 21st International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress Volume 3 Discussions. SNAME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/issc-2022-discussion-vol-3.
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Committee I.1: Environment Alexander Babanin (Chair); Mariana Bernardino; Franz von Bock und Polach; Ricardo Campos,; Jun Ding; Sanne van Essen; Tomaso Gaggero; Maryam Haroutunian; Vanessa Katsardi; Alexander Nilva; Arttu Polojarvi; Erik Vanem; Jungyong Wang; Huidong Zhang; Tingyao Zhu Floor Discussers: Florian Sprenger; Carlos Guedes Soares; Henk den Besten Committee I.2: Loads Ole Andreas Hermundstad (Chair); Shuhong Chai; Guillaume de Hauteclocque; Sheng Dong; Chih-Chung Fang; Thomas B. Johannessen; Celso Morooka; Masayoshi Oka; Jasna Prpić-Oršić; Alessandro Sacchet; Mahmud Sazidy; Bahadir Ugurlu; Roberto Vettor; Peter Wellens Official Discusser: Hayden Marcollo Committee II-1: Quasi-Static Response James Underwood (Chair); Erick Alley; Jerolim Andrić Dario Boote; Zhen Gao; Ad Van Hoeve; Jasmin Jelovica; Yasumi Kawamura; Yooil Kim; Jian Hu Liu; Sime Malenica; Heikki Remes; Asokendu Samanta; Krzysztof Woloszyk; Deqing Yang Official Discusser: Prof. T. Yoshikwa Committee II.2: Dynamic Response Gaute Storhaug (Chair); Daniele Dessi; Sharad Dhavalikar; Ingo Drummen; Michael Holtmann; Young-Cheol Huh; Lorenzo Moro; Andre Paiva; Svein Sævik; Rong-Juin Shyu; Shan Wang; Sue Wang; WenWei Wu; Yasuhira Yamada; Guiyong Zhang Floor Discussers: Ling Zhu; Tomoki Takami; Anriette (Annie) Bekker; Bruce Quinton; Robert Sielski Committee III.1: Ultimate Strength Paul E. Hess (Chair); Chen An; Lars Brubak; Xiao Chen; Jinn Tong Chiu; Jurek Czujko; Ionel Darie; Guoqing Feng; Marco Gaiotti; Beom Seon Jang; Adnan Kefal; Sukron Makmun; Jonas Ringsberg; Jani Romanoff; Saad Saad-Eldeen; Ingrid Schipperen; Kristjan Tabri; Yikun Wang; Daisuke Yanagihara Official Discusser: Jørgen Amdahl Committee III.2: Fatigue and Fracture Yordan Garbatov (Chair); Sigmund K Ås; Henk Den Besten; Philipp Haselbach; Adrian Kahl; Dale Karr; Myung Hyun Kim; Junjie Liu; Marcelo Igor Lourenço de Souza; Wengang Mao; Eeva Mikkola; Naoki Osawa; Fredhi Agung Prasetyo; Mauro Sicchiero; Suhas Vhanmane; Marta Vicente del Amo; Jingxia Yue Official Discusser Weicheng Cui Floor Discussers: Robert Sielski; Sören Ehlers; Stephane Paboeuf; Teresa Magoga Committee IV.1: Design Principles and Criteria Matthew Collette (Chair); Piero Caridis; Petar Georgiev; Torfinn Hørte; Han Koo Jeong; Rafet emek Kurt; Igor Ilnytskiy; Tetsuo Okada; Charles Randall; Zbigniew Sekulski; Matteo Sidari; Zhihu Zhan; Ling Zhu Official Discusser: Enrico Rizzuto Committee IV.2: Design Methods Andrea Ivaldi (Chair); Abbas Bayatfar; Jean-David Caprace; Gennadiy Egorov; Svein Erling Heggelund; Shinichi Hirakawa; Jung Min Kwon; Dan Mcgreer; Pero Prebeg; Robert Sielski; Mark Slagmolen; Adam Sobey; Wenyong Tang; Jiameng Wu Official Discusser: Mario Dogliani Committee V.1: Accidental Limit States Bruce Quinton; Gaetano De Luca; Topan Firmandha; Mihkel Körgesaar; Hervé Le Sourne; Ken Nahshon; Gabriele Notaro; Kourosh Parsa; Smiljko Rudan; Katsuyuki Suzuki; Osiris Valdez Banda; CareyWalters; Deyu Wang; Zhaolong Yu Official Discusser: Manolis Samuelides Committee V.2: Experimental Methods Sören Ehlers (Chair); Nagi Abdussamie; Kim Branner; ShiXiao Fu; Martijn Hoogeland; Kari Kolari; Paul Lara; Constantine Michailides; Hideaki Murayama; Cesare Rizzo; Jung Kwan Seo; Patrick Kaeding Official Discusser: Giles Thomas Committee V.3: Materials and Fabrication Technology Lennart Josefson (Chair); Konstantinos Anyfantis; Bianca de Carvalho Pinheiro; Bai-Qiao Chen; Pingsha Dong; Nicole Ferrari; Koji Gotoh; James Huang; Matthias Krause; Kun Liu; Stephane Paboeuf; Stephen van Duin; Fang Wang; Albert Zamarin Official Discusser: Frank Roland Floor Discussers Alessandro Caleo; Agnes Marie Horn; Krzysztof Woloszyk; Robert Sielski Committee V.4: Offshore Renewable Energy Atanasios Kolios (Chair); Kyong-Hwan Kim; Chen Hsing Cheng; Elif Oguz; Pablo Morato; Freeman Ralph; Chuang Fang; Chunyan Ji; Marc Le Boulluec; Thomas Choisnet; Luca Greco; Tomoaki Utsunomiya; Kourosh Rezanejad; Charles Rawson; Jose Miguel Rodrigues Official Discusser: Amy Robertson Committee V.5: Special Vessels Darren Truelock (Chair); Jason Lavroff; Dustin Pearson; Zbigniew (Jan) Czaban; Hanbing Luo; Fuhua Wang; Ivan Catipovic; Ermina Begovic; Yukichi Takaoka; Claudia Loureiro; Chang Yong Song; Esther Garcia; Alexander Egorov; Jean-Baptiste Souppez; Pradeep Sensharma; Rachel Nicholls-Lee Official Discusser: Jaye Falls Floor Discussers: Jasmin Jelovica; Stephane Paboeuf; Sören Ehlers Committee V.6: Ocean Space Utilization Sebastian Schreier (Chair); Felice Arena; Harry Bingham; Nuno Fonseca; Zhiqiang Hu; Debabrata Karmakar; Ekaterina Kim; Hui Li; Pengfei Liu; Motohiko Murai; Spiro J Pahos; Chao Tian; George Wang Official Discusser: Hideyuki Suzuki Floor Discussers: Robert Sielski; Sue Wang; Sarat Mohapatra; Gaute Storhaug; Henk den Besten Committee V.7: Structural Longevity Iraklis Lazakis (Chair); Bernt Leira; Nianzhong Chen; Geovana Drumond; Chi-Fang Lee; Paul Jurisic; Bin Liu; Alysson Mondoro; Pooria Pahlavan; Xinghua Shi; Ha Cheol Song; Tadashi Sugimura; Christian Jochum; Tommaso Coppola Official Discusser: Timo de Beer Floor Discusser: Krzysztof Woloszyk Committee V.8: Subsea Technology Agnes Marie Horn (Chair); Tauhid Rahman; Ilson Pasqualino; Menglan Duan; Zhuang Kang; Michael Rye Andersen; Yoshihiro Konno; Chunsik Shim; Angelo Teixeira; Selda Oterkus; Blair Thornton; Brajendra Mishra Official Discusser: Segen F. Estefen
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "You Shu shu gao"
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MacFarlane, Andrew. 2021 medical student essay prize winner - A case of grief. Society for Academic Primary Care, lipiec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37361/medstudessay.2021.1.1.
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As a student undertaking a Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship (LIC)1 based in a GP practice in a rural community in the North of Scotland, I have been lucky to be given responsibility and my own clinic lists. Every day I conduct consultations that change my practice: the challenge of clinically applying the theory I have studied, controlling a consultation and efficiently exploring a patient's problems, empathising with and empowering them to play a part in their own care2 – and most difficult I feel – dealing with the vast amount of uncertainty that medicine, and particularly primary care, presents to both clinician and patient. I initially consulted with a lady in her 60s who attended with her husband, complaining of severe lower back pain who was very difficult to assess due to her pain level. Her husband was understandably concerned about the degree of pain she was in. After assessment and discussion with one of the GPs, we agreed some pain relief and a physio assessment in the next few days would be a practical plan. The patient had one red flag, some leg weakness and numbness, which was her ‘normal’ on account of her multiple sclerosis. At the physio assessment a few days later, the physio felt things were worse and some urgent bloods were ordered, unfortunately finding raised cancer and inflammatory markers. A CT scan of the lung found widespread cancer, a later CT of the head after some developing some acute confusion found brain metastases, and a week and a half after presenting to me, the patient sadly died in hospital. While that was all impactful enough on me, it was the follow-up appointment with the husband who attended on the last triage slot of the evening two weeks later that I found completely altered my understanding of grief and the mourning of a loved one. The husband had asked to speak to a Andrew MacFarlane Year 3 ScotGEM Medical Student 2 doctor just to talk about what had happened to his wife. The GP decided that it would be better if he came into the practice - strictly he probably should have been consulted with over the phone due to coronavirus restrictions - but he was asked what he would prefer and he opted to come in. I sat in on the consultation, I had been helping with any examinations the triage doctor needed and I recognised that this was the husband of the lady I had seen a few weeks earlier. He came in and sat down, head lowered, hands fiddling with the zip on his jacket, trying to find what to say. The GP sat, turned so that they were opposite each other with no desk between them - I was seated off to the side, an onlooker, but acknowledged by the patient with a kind nod when he entered the room. The GP asked gently, “How are you doing?” and roughly 30 seconds passed (a long time in a conversation) before the patient spoke. “I just really miss her…” he whispered with great effort, “I don’t understand how this all happened.” Over the next 45 minutes, he spoke about his wife, how much pain she had been in, the rapid deterioration he witnessed, the cancer being found, and cruelly how she had passed away after he had gone home to get some rest after being by her bedside all day in the hospital. He talked about how they had met, how much he missed her, how empty the house felt without her, and asking himself and us how he was meant to move forward with his life. He had a lot of questions for us, and for himself. Had we missed anything – had he missed anything? The GP really just listened for almost the whole consultation, speaking to him gently, reassuring him that this wasn’t his or anyone’s fault. She stated that this was an awful time for him and that what he was feeling was entirely normal and something we will all universally go through. She emphasised that while it wasn’t helpful at the moment, that things would get better over time.3 He was really glad I was there – having shared a consultation with his wife and I – he thanked me emphatically even though I felt like I hadn’t really helped at all. After some tears, frequent moments of silence and a lot of questions, he left having gotten a lot off his chest. “You just have to listen to people, be there for them as they go through things, and answer their questions as best you can” urged my GP as we discussed the case when the patient left. Almost all family caregivers contact their GP with regards to grief and this consultation really made me realise how important an aspect of my practice it will be in the future.4 It has also made me reflect on the emphasis on undergraduate teaching around ‘breaking bad news’ to patients, but nothing taught about when patients are in the process of grieving further down the line.5 The skill Andrew MacFarlane Year 3 ScotGEM Medical Student 3 required to manage a grieving patient is not one limited to general practice. Patients may grieve the loss of function from acute trauma through to chronic illness in all specialties of medicine - in addition to ‘traditional’ grief from loss of family or friends.6 There wasn’t anything ‘medical’ in the consultation, but I came away from it with a real sense of purpose as to why this career is such a privilege. We look after patients so they can spend as much quality time as they are given with their loved ones, and their loved ones are the ones we care for after they are gone. We as doctors are the constant, and we have to meet patients with compassion at their most difficult times – because it is as much a part of the job as the knowledge and the science – and it is the part of us that patients will remember long after they leave our clinic room. Word Count: 993 words References 1. ScotGEM MBChB - Subjects - University of St Andrews [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 27]. Available from: https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/subjects/medicine/scotgem-mbchb/ 2. Shared decision making in realistic medicine: what works - gov.scot [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 27]. Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/works-support-promote-shared-decisionmaking-synthesis-recent-evidence/pages/1/ 3. Ghesquiere AR, Patel SR, Kaplan DB, Bruce ML. Primary care providers’ bereavement care practices: Recommendations for research directions. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2014 Dec;29(12):1221–9. 4. Nielsen MK, Christensen K, Neergaard MA, Bidstrup PE, Guldin M-B. Grief symptoms and primary care use: a prospective study of family caregivers. BJGP Open [Internet]. 2020 Aug 1 [cited 2021 Mar 27];4(3). Available from: https://bjgpopen.org/content/4/3/bjgpopen20X101063 5. O’Connor M, Breen LJ. General Practitioners’ experiences of bereavement care and their educational support needs: a qualitative study. BMC Medical Education. 2014 Mar 27;14(1):59. 6. Sikstrom L, Saikaly R, Ferguson G, Mosher PJ, Bonato S, Soklaridis S. Being there: A scoping review of grief support training in medical education. PLOS ONE. 2019 Nov 27;14(11):e0224325.