Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region”

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1

Haider, Ziad. "Sino-Pakistan Relations and Xinjiang's Uighurs: Politics, Trade, and Islam along the Karakoram Highway". Asian Survey 45, nr 4 (lipiec 2005): 522–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2005.45.4.522.

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China's Muslim Uighurs have recently proven to be an unusual source of friction in the stalwart Sino-Pakistan friendship. This essay analyzes how politics in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region and trade and movement along the Karakoram Highway linking Xinjiang with Pakistan have affected the relationships among Beijing, Islamabad, the Uighurs, and the Pakistani traders operating in Xinjiang.
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2

McGrath, Derek, i Jonathan Matusitz. "Understanding Uighur Terrorism: The Human Needs Theory". Asian Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 3, nr 4 (19.10.2020): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ajir2045.

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This paper applies the Human Needs Theory to Uighur terrorism. The theory posits that people become violent when their basic human needs are unfulfilled, denied, or taken away from them. Also referred to as the East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM), Uighur terrorists are a minority group of Muslim extremists in the western Chinese Autonomous Region of Xinjiang. Until the mid-1700s, they were considered a peaceful group, but when they lost their autonomy during the Qing dynasty rule (until 1910), and faced oppression by their new government, they resorted to violence. In this case, the Uighurs’ human need “stolen” by the Chinese was their identity. Not only is the Uighur issue underrepresented in the media; it has also received such negligible attention that most governments and scholars believe that the Autonomous Region of Xinjiang is mostly occupied by terrorists.
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3

Sinaga, Melpayanty, i Yusril Y. "ETHNIC TENSIONS IN CHINA: XINJIANG CONFLICT IN CONSTRUCTIVISM PERSPECTIVE". Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Keimigrasian 4, nr 2 (1.08.2021): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.52617/jikk.v5i2.264.

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The People's Republic of China is one of the multi-ethnic countries in this world that is facing a number of prominent ethnic issues, including the Xinjiang Conflict which has received international attention in recent years. In the China's western autonomous region, ethnic tensions exist between the Han majority and the Uighur minority. This research is using a qualitative-descriptive method by relying on library studies from available secondary sources, this paper will try to explain the tension between the Uighurs and Hans ethnic groups through a constructivism perspective. In constructivism perspective, identity is one of the main ideas that shape the pattern of interaction between actors. It was found that the construction of Uighur and Han ethnic identities contributed to the creation of this ethnic tension, which is also related to how the conception of China's national identity is constructed.
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4

Qing‐Li, Yuan. "Population changes in the Xinjiang Uighur autonomous region (1949–1984)". Central Asian Survey 9, nr 1 (styczeń 1990): 49–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02634939008400689.

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Honghui, Pan. "Prospects for Sino-Turkish Relations". China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 02, nr 01 (styczeń 2016): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s237774001650007x.

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This article addresses the major opportunities and challenges facing Sino-Turkish relations, an important relationship often neglected by scholars and practitioners of international relations. While identifying the two dominant challenges facing the two ancient civilizations, i.e. the Xinjiang Uighur issue and unbalanced trade favoring China, this article maintains that the two countries enjoy vast room for cooperation both economically and geopolitically. Their cooperation in China’s Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region can also result in a win-win situation, with Turkey making better use of its psychological linkage to the local Uighurs to increase its investment in infrastructure and China winning more Uighur identification with the central government by enhancing the local economy and living standards. In the international arena, though a comprehensive partnership of security cooperation has yet to develop, both countries have been engaged in ever closer cooperation as evidenced by Turkey’s intensifying efforts to join the Chinese-led Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Chinese companies’ active participation in Turkey’s many military projects. Nevertheless, given the relatively small size of the Turkish economy and its decades-long dependence on Western powers in security, economic, and cultural terms, the future Sino-Turkish relationship will remain largely a function of their respective relations with the West.
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6

Jacob, Cecilia, Adrian Gallagher i Charles T. Hunt. "Pursuing Accountability and Protection for the Uighur and Muslim Minorities in China". Global Responsibility to Protect 13, nr 1 (16.02.2021): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1875-984x-13010001.

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Abstract This short article introduces the forum on the Uighur population in China and R2P. It provides context to demonstrate why it is important to analyse the current situation in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of China through an R2P lens and states the objectives of the forum. It then provides a brief summary of the contributions in the forum that take into account the domestic context, legal arguments and analysis of the international political context in which R2P is operationalised.
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7

Becquelin, Nicolas. "Staged Development in Xinjiang". China Quarterly 178 (czerwiec 2004): 358–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741004000219.

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At the turn of the century, the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region moved from a phase of accelerated integration by the centre, which typified the decade of the 1990s, to a phase of consolidation of the advances made during this period. The intertwined dimensions of state building and nation building embedded in the campaign to Open Up the West respond to the long-term strategic goal of placating the threat of ethno-nationalist unrest. This “staged development” of Xinjiang reflects in essence a classic process of peripheral territorial integration by the central state. Yet, the dynamics of penetration and resistance between the centre and what still remains an indigenous periphery can be expected to generate at the same time both increased sinicization and increased ethno-national unrest.
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8

Khabunovа, Evdokia E. "Этнопоэтические константы как показатель текстовой репрезентации ключевых звеньев сказочного нарратива (на примере синьзян-ойратской и калмыцких версий сказки об Ёёт Мерген Темне)". Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук, nr 1 (20.12.2020): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2020-1-13-89-103.

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The article discusses the text realization of the ethnopoetic constants in the fairytale narrative of the Xinjiang Oirats and Russian Kalmyks. The study is based on the theory of literary constants of V. M. Gatsak that are defined as “manifestational-verbal matter with ‘core’ overarching words and word-combinations”. The analysis covers national versions (Xinjiang Oirat and Kalmyk) of the fairytale “Yoot Mergen Temen” recorded at different times from different storytellers on the territories of the Xinjiang-Uighur Autonomous Region of PRC and the Republic of Kalmykia in the Russian Federation. It is pointed out that constants help to identify the key links in the structural and content model of the fairytale narrative and determine the ethnic specific character of the folklore pieces of work.
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9

Nadyrov, Sharip. "Kazakstan and Xinjiang: Regional Players in the World Economy". Nationalities Papers 26, nr 3 (wrzesień 1998): 565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905999808408584.

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After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the large international companies of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (XUAR) began to emphasize collaboration with the former Soviet republics because of opportunities for new markets and raw materials. There are several basic problems, however, demanding serious research into such trade prospects:(1) The definition of economic and technological variants in the division of labor among Russia, Central Asia, and the People's Republic of China (P.R.C.), including the roles of Kazakstan and Xinjiang.(2) Defining needs and prioritizing units of production, labor, transportation, etc.(3) Macropolitical and macroeconomical forecasts of the situations in Russia, Central Asia, and China.(4) Research on the optimum forms of cooperation.
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10

Chu, Lei, Hexing Wang, Deqi Su, Huanwen Zhang, Bahegu Yimingniyazi, Dilihumaer Aili, Tao Luo, Zewen Zhang, Jianghong Dai i Qingwu Jiang. "Urinary Antibiotics and Dietary Determinants in Adults in Xinjiang, West China". Nutrients 14, nr 22 (10.11.2022): 4748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14224748.

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The Xinjiang autonomous region, located in west China, has a unique ethnic structure and a well-developed livestock industry. People in this region have a high risk of exposure to antibiotics, but the exposure level to antibiotics in relation to dietary determinants is unknown. In this study, 18 antibiotics, including four human antibiotics (HAs), four veterinary antibiotics (VAs), and 10 preferred veterinary antibiotics (PVAs) were detected in the urine of approximately half of the 873 adults in Xinjiang, including Han Chinese (24.6%), Hui (25.1%), Uighur (24.6%), and Kazakh (25.7%). Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between antibiotic exposure levels and adult diet and water intake. The detection percentage of antibiotics in the urine of adults in Xinjiang ranged from 0.1% to 30.1%, with a total detection percentage of all antibiotics of 49.8%. HAs, VAs and PVAs were detected in 12.3%, 10.3%, and 40.5%, respectively. Fluoroquinolones were the antibiotics with the highest detection percentage (30.1%) and tetracyclines were the antibiotics with the highest detected concentration (17 ng/mL). Adults who regularly ate pork, consumed fruit daily, and did not prefer a plant-based diet were associated with thiamphenicol, norfloxacin, and fluoroquinolones, respectively. These results indicated that adults in the Xinjiang autonomous region were extensively exposed to multiple antibiotics, and some types of food were potential sources of exposure. Special attention should be paid to the health effects of antibiotic exposure in humans in the future.
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11

CAO, LIANG, i E. ZHANG. "Triplophysa waisihani, a new species of nemacheiline loach from Northwest China (Pisces: Balitoridae)". Zootaxa 1932, nr 1 (14.11.2008): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1932.1.4.

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Triplophysa waisihani, a new species of nemacheiline loach, is described from the Kax River, a tributary of the Ili River drainage in Xinjiang-Uighur Autonomous Region of Northwest China. It can be assigned to the T. labiata species group characterized by having widely separated anterior and posterior nostrils and no breeding tubercles on the sides of the head. Triplophysa waisihani resembles T. labiata and T. herzensteini, but differs from both in cephalic sensory-canal pattern and the structure of the gas bladder; from T. labiata in the structure of the pelvic girdle and absence or presence of the fourth basibranchial; and from T. herzensteini in the shape of the anal fin.
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12

Ambe, F., S. Ambe, Z. W. Huang i T. Nozaki. "Iron Mössbauer spectra of geological and archeological samples from the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of China". Hyperfine Interactions 41, nr 1 (grudzień 1988): 749–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02400499.

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13

Sun, Qiang, Yong Zhang, Hui Cui, Shuangli Zhu, Xiaolei Li, Guohong Huang, Haishu Tang, Dongmei Yan, Dongyan Wang i Wenbo Xu. "Complete genome sequence analysis of two human enterovirus C99 strains isolated in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, China, in 2011". Archives of Virology 159, nr 2 (8.09.2013): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-013-1839-8.

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14

Sun, Qiang, Yong Zhang, Shuangli Zhu, Huifang Tian, Guohong Huang, Hui Cui, Xiaolei Li i in. "Transmission of Human Enterovirus 85 Recombinants Containing New Unknown Serotype HEV-B Donor Sequences in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, China". PLoS ONE 8, nr 1 (31.01.2013): e55480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0055480.

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15

Lundysheva, Olga V., Dieter Maue i Klaus Wille. "Miscellanea in the Brāhmī Script from the Berezovsky and Krotkov Collections (IOM, RAS) with an Appendix: ВФ-4190". Written Monuments of the Orient 7, nr 1 (21.12.2021): 3–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/wmo71606.

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The main part of this article provides a complete edition (description, transliteration, transcription, preliminary translation, annotation as well as the reproduction of the photographs) of forty-two fragments in different languages, circulated along the northern Silk Road, today in the territory of modern Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (PR China) in pre-Mongolian times: Sanskrit, Tocharian A/B, Old Uyghur [hereafter: Uyghur]. Their common feature is the use of the standard North Turkestan Brāhmī and its Tocharian and Uyghur varieties. In terms of content, the fragments include extracts from Buddhist texts such as Abhidharmadīpavibhāṣaprabhāvr̥tti, Prajāpāramitā, Prasādapratibhodbhava, Prātimokṣasūtra, Pravāraṇasūtra, Saṃyuktāgama, Suvarṇabhāsottamasūtra, Udānavarga. There are also some Tocharian B document fragments. Several of these texts are found on the back of Chinese scrolls. The Chinese texts have been identified. Where possible, a reconstruction of the relevant section of the scroll has been added. An introduction provides general background information. The lexis of the edited manuscripts is given in concordances.
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16

Minter, D. W., i P. F. Cannon. "Puccinia pulverulenta . [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria]." Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria 232 (czerwiec 2022): 2308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dfb/20220233452.

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Abstract A description is provided for Puccinia pulverulenta , which is parasitic on leaves of Epilobium hirsutum . Some information on its taxonomy, morphology, associated organisms, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status are given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Morocco, Afghanistan, China (Xinjiang-Uighur Autonomous Region), Republic of Georgia, India (Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand), Iran, Israel, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Russia (Kamchatka Oblast, Magadan Oblast, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug), Turkey, Australia (New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria), New Zealand, American Virgin Islands, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Channel Islands, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irish Republic, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Kursk Oblast, Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Dagestan, Stavropol Krai), Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Saskatchewan), Mexico, USA (Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wyoming), Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Sao Paulo), Chile, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela) and hosts (members of the Onagraceae, primarily species of Epilobium ).
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17

Huang, Ruifang, Jiate Wei, Zhenwei Li, Zhenguo Gao, Muti Mahe i Wuchun Cao. "Spatial-temporal mapping and risk factors for hand foot and mouth disease in northwestern inland China". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, nr 3 (24.03.2021): e0009210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009210.

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Background Hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is becoming one of the common human infectious diseases in China. Previous studies have described HFMD in tropical or coastal areas of Asia-Pacific countries. However, limited studies have thoroughly studied the epidemiology and potential risk factors for HFMD in inland areas with complex environmental conditions. Methodology/Principal findings Using the data from 2009 to 2018 on reported cases of Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, we characterized the epidemic features of HFMD. Panel negative binomial model was used to identify climate, geographical and demographic determinants for HFMD incidence. A total of 70856 HFMD cases (average annual incidence: 305 per million persons) were reported in Xinjiang during the 10-year study period, of which 10393 (14.7%) were laboratory-confirmed and 98 (0.1%) were severe. HFMD peaked in summer every year during the study period, and incidence in 2012, 2015, 2016 and 2018 had minor peaks in autumn. After adjusting the school or holiday month, multiple factors were found to affect HFMD epidemiology: urban area being major land cover type (incidence risk ratio, IRR 2.08; 95% CI 1.50, 2.89), higher gross domestic product per capita (IRR 1.14; 95% CI 1.11, 1.16), rise in monthly average temperature (IRR 1.65; 95% CI 1.61, 1.69) and monthly accumulative precipitation (IRR 1.20; 95% CI 1.16, 1.24) predicted increase in the incidence of HFMD; farmland being major land cover type (IRR 0.72; 95% CI 0.64, 0.81), an increase of percentage of the minority (IRR 0.91; 95% CI 0.89, 0.93) and population density (IRR 0.98; 95% CI 0.98, 0.99) were related to a decrease in the incidence of HFMD. Conclusions/Significance In conclusion, the epidemic status of HFMD in Xinjiang is characterized by low morbidity and fatality. Multiple factors have significant influences on the occurrence and transmission of HFMD in Xinjiang.
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Skjærvø, P. O. "On the Tumshuqese Karmavācanā text". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 119, nr 1 (styczeń 1987): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0035869x00166985.

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Tumshuqese is the name proposed by Emmerick, on the analogy of “Khotan: Khotanese”, for the language spoken in the region of Tumshuq, on the northern edge of the Tarim basin in the Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region of China. It is closely related to — though in many respects more archaic than — Khotanese, a Middle Iranian language (like Sogdian, Bactrian, Khwarezmian, Middle Persian and Parthian), the language of Khotan, a country and city on the southern border of the Tarim basin (see, e.g. Emmerick, 1979, 1–5).
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Gombojav, Gongmujafu. "Дал шинжилгээний уламжлал бэлгэдэл (Шинжааны Баянголын монголчуудын жишээгээр) (= Традиция гадания на бараньей лопатке и его символика (на примере баянгольcких монголов Синьцзяна))". Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 12, nr 3 (5.11.2020): 446–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2020-3-446-454.

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Introduction. In the cultural tradition of Mongolic peoples, there is a rite of sacralizing certain parts of animal bones, and related ritual actions and prohibitions. In this regard, a special place is held by the ancient rite of telling tales and divination on sheep scapula. Goals. The paper seeks to examine the mentioned practice among Bayangol Mongols (Oirats) of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (PRC). Results. The shoulder bone as an important and sacred part of the body is mentioned in many oral and written narratives, including such ancient written monuments as The Secret History of the Mongols and the Epic of Jangar. In the food culture of the Oirats, there is a special tradition of offering a shoulder bone to certain members of the family and clan, by age and social status. In the verse of benevolence to be recited after eating the spatula meat and an obligatory break of the scapula, as well as in the text of the narrative and divination on sheep scapula, there are certain general clichéd formulas that have a deep symbolic meaning. The article examines the rites that exist in the tradition of the Oirats of Bayangol related to storytelling and divination on sheep scapula, as well as the symbolic meaning of the texts.
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Wang, Jingzhe, Tashpolat Tiyip, Jianli Ding, Dong Zhang, Wei Liu i Fei Wang. "Quantitative Estimation of Organic Matter Content in Arid Soil Using Vis-NIR Spectroscopy Preprocessed by Fractional Derivative". Journal of Spectroscopy 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1375158.

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Soil organic matter (SOM) content is an important index to measure the level of soil function and soil quality. However, conventional studies on estimation of SOM content concerned about the classic integer derivative of spectral data, while the fractional derivative information was ignored. In this research, a total of 103 soil samples were collected in the Ebinur Lake basin, Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, China. After measuring the Vis-NIR (visible and near-infrared) spectroscopy and SOM content indoor, the raw reflectance and absorbance were treated by fractional derivative from 0 to 2nd order (order interval 0.2). Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was applied for model calibration, and five commonly used precision indices were used to assess the performance of these 22 models. The results showed that with the rise of order, these parameters showed the increasing or decreasing trends with vibration and reached the optimal values at the fractional order. A most robust model was calibrated based on 1.8 order derivative of R, with the lowest RMSEC (3.35 g kg−1) and RMSEP (2.70 g kg−1) and highest Rc2 (0.92), Rp2 (0.91), and RPD (3.42 > 3.0). This model had excellent predictive performance of estimating SOM content in the study area.
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Guo, Xiao-Xia, Ying-Mei Zhang, Chun-Xiao Li, Gui-Lin Zhang, Zhong Zheng, Yan-De Dong, Rui-De Xue, Dan Xing i Tong-Yan Zhao. "Host-Seeking Behavior and Arbovirus Detection in Mosquitoes of Habahe County, Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, China". Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 31, nr 4 (grudzień 2015): 329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/moco-31-04-329-335.1.

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Lee, Sonya S. "Recent Publications on the Art and Archaeology of Kucha". Archives of Asian Art 68, nr 2 (1.10.2018): 215–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00666637-7162255.

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Abstract Kucha was one of the major political powers and cultural centers along the ancient Silk Road, home to a great number of Buddhist cave temples that have survived from the time of their creation sometime between the third century and the eighth. Although they are not as well-known as their counterparts in Dunhuang, the complexes at Kizil and Kumutra, among others, have preserved equally invaluable material evidence of the vibrant interchange of goods, ideas, and cultural practices that took place across the entire region in the first millennium. These sites represent the crucial link with the artistic traditions of Gandhara, India, and Persia in explicating the Chinese adaptation of a complex, foreign visual culture through the introduction of Buddhism. This essay reviews a number of significant publications on the art and archaeology of Kucha that have appeared in the past decade. Marking one of the notable trends in Asian studies today, the remarkable growth in Kucha scholarship has been facilitated in one way or another by the opening of China's Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region to the outside world. The review focuses on the compilations of source materials, reception and collection histories, and interpretative studies of source materials, examining each of these three areas within their proper historical and historiographical contexts. An extensive review of Archaeological and Visual Sources of Meditation in the Ancient Monasteries of Kuča (2015) by Angela F. Howard and Giuseppe Vignato appears in the last section of the essay.
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Zeng, Qingdong, Jianming Liu, Tiebing Liu, Yuanchao Shen, Ping Shen i Guangming Li. "Geology and Geochemistry of the Buerkesidai and Kuoerzhenkuola Gold Deposits in the Sawuershan Region, Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, Northwest China". Resource Geology 57, nr 3 (wrzesień 2007): 313–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-3928.2007.00025.x.

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Li, Xiaoqin, Xiuli Wang, Hongge Zhu, Chunling Liu, Xin Zhou, Bing Zhao, Huijie Duan i in. "Epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations in patients with lung adenocarcinoma differ by frequency and type between Uighur and Han ethnic groups in Xinjiang Autonomous Region". BMC Genetics 16, nr 1 (2015): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12863-015-0181-4.

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Liu, X., F. Wushouer, A. Gou, M. Kuerban, X. Li, Y. Sun, J. Zhang, Y. Liu, J. Li i H. Zhuang. "1237 COMPARISON OF IMMUNOGENICITY BETWEEN INACTIVATED AND LIVE ATTENUATED HEPATITIS A VACCINES: A DOUBLEBLIND, RANDOMIZED, PARALLEL-GROUP CLINICAL TRIAL AMONG CHILDREN IN XINJIANG UIGHUR AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA". Journal of Hepatology 58 (kwiecień 2013): S501—S502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8278(13)61238-6.

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Usmanova, Ilina Radikovna, Vitaly Anatolievich Epshteyn, Rustem Ravilevich Muhametzyanov i Aygul Irekovna Akhmetova. "History of China's policy development in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in the second half of the XX - the beginning of the XXI century". Laplage em Revista 6, Extra-A (14.12.2020): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020206extra-a553p.39-45.

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The article discusses the national policy of the People's Republic of China in relation to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Recently, the national question in the PRC has been raised again. Its relevance is due not only to the tragic events that took place in the XUAR, but also to the grandiose plans that were set by the PRC leadership on the eve of the upcoming anniversary of the country. Relations with many peoples that are part of the PRC have a long history of development. This article will discuss the history of the development of Chinese policy towards the Uighurs, who are the predominant ethnic group in the territory of the XUAR. Not only the prestige of the PRC in the international arena, but also the implementation of several economic projects depends on how this issue is resolved soon.
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Borlykova, B. Kh, i B. V. Menyaev. "About Some Plot Types of Xinjiang Khoshut Magic Tales". Nauchnyi dialog, nr 6 (29.06.2020): 207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-6-207-220.

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The classification and systematization of some magic tales of the Khoshuts of the Xinjiang-Uigur Autonomous Region of China for the first time is presented on the basis of the Aarne-Thompson-Uther catalog and the “Comparative Index of Plots: East Slavic Tales”. In the “Comparative Index of Plots” the names of thematic sections from the Aarne-Thompson catalog and numbering are stored. For plots that do not have parallels in the Catalog, the authors introduced new numbers. The material for the study was the texts of Khoshut fairy tales published in the Collection of Folklore Works of Khoshut County on the Oirat script “Todo Bichig”. For comparison, the texts of Kalmyk tales published in the collections “Kalmyk Tales”, “Tales of Sanji Butaev” and “Keeper of the Wisdom of People’s Shan Boktaev”, as well as personal field materials of the authors were used. Comparison of fairy tale plots with indicators contributed to the classification and systematization of certain plot types of Xinjiang Khoshut magic tales: “A wonderful spouse (spouse or other relative)” (400-459), “A wonderful task” (460-499), “A wonderful assistant” (500-559), “A wonderful item” (560-649). It is noted that the similarity of plots with Kalmyk tales indicates a single national folklore fund. As a result of the analysis, interpretations and differentiating elements of some plots of Xinjiang Khoshut magic tales related to their local tradition were established.
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Kang In-Uk. "The migration of North Xiongnu to the Central Asia and the archaeological remais from Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous region(Eastern Turkestan), China from 3rd B.C. century to 2nd A.D." CENTRAL ASIAN STUDIES 13, nr ll (grudzień 2008): 143–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29174/cas.2008.13..007.

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Kadeer, Rebiya. "Fighting for Uyghur Rights". American Journal of Islam and Society 23, nr 3 (1.07.2006): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v23i3.1613.

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I begin my brief story in the 1960s, when many Uyghur (also spelled“Uygur” and “Uighur”) people, including myself, struggled against starvation.The already difficult lives of Uyghurs living in East Turkestan1 (alsoknown as the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region [XUAR]) under Chinesegovernment rule became much worse during the Cultural Revolution.Everything was rationed and controlled by the government and food was invery short supply. There was no private enterprise. Trying to find any way Icould to alleviate the poverty we were suffering, I started to make and sellchildren’s clothes. I also took in laundry to earn some money. From there, Ibegan to travel to different cities (first within East Turkestan and laterthroughout China) buying fabrics and garments and selling them on thestreet. Of course, this was not allowed under the communist system, andmany times the Chinese police confiscated all of my goods and charged mewith “taking the road of the capitalists.” Nor was it usual for a woman totravel in the region. I endured many hardships and indignities, but I wasdetermined to care for my children and improve my life.During the 1980s, as China began its economic reforms, I was able toset up a small store to do business in Urumchi, the capital of East Turkestan,and gradually started to prosper. I always tried to encourage the otherUyghur street sellers and merchants as well. In March 1987, I established the“Eighth of March” market (named in honor of International Women’s Day),a covered marketplace that housed ninety-three stores and stands. In 1989, Ibuilt a seven-story apartment building, and a few years later I built theRebiya Kadeer Department Store in downtown Urumchi. The Uyghur streetvendors could come and sell their goods in my store. At some point in mystruggle for economic independence, I became one of the ten richest peoplein China, for my business eventually grew into a multi-million dollar tradingcompany ...
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Zhao, Wan Yu, Ya Ning Chen, Li Zhao i Hui Yin. "Human impacts and sustainability of grasslands in the northern Tianshan Mountains region of China". Rangeland Journal 34, nr 3 (2012): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj11084.

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A case study of changes in the pattern of land use was undertaken to describe the impact of land-use policy reform, rapid industrialisation and urbanisation in an arid area with particular reference to the Fukang County of the Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region of western China, in the Tianshan Mountains region, between 1971 and 2006. Information was obtained from a range of sources on changes in the consumption of products and related to changes in their area of production since little exchange of crop and animal products occurred outside the County particularly during the earlier part of the period in the light of the traditional self-sufficiency in inland undeveloped counties of western China. It was found that an unrestrained boom in the consumption of energy resources and animal products to promote economic activity and to increase the standard of living of humans led to a rapidly increased production from land resources. However, continuously expanding resource consumption quickly crossed the threshold of land ecosystem rehabilitation and caused unsustainable land-use patterns, especially in the transitional grassland–cropland area. The study demonstrated that grazing land is exposed to more ecological risks than cropland and forestland, not only due to enormously expanding requirements for and decreasing supply of grazing land but also Kazak herdsmen’s inability to cope with the management of change in the use of the grassland resource largely because of their poor economic status, lack of knowledge, passive response to rapid industrialisation and urbanisation, and some cultural conflicts.
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Mao, Jun, Jian Wang, Huan-Qin Dai, Zhi-Dong Zhang, Qi-Yong Tang, Biao Ren, Na Yang, Michael Goodfellow, Li-Xin Zhang i Zhi-Heng Liu. "Yuhushiella deserti gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the suborder Pseudonocardineae". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 61, nr 3 (1.03.2011): 621–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.019588-0.

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A thermotolerant, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, sporangium-forming actinomycete, strain RA45T, was isolated from a desert region in Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, north-western China. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence and phenotypic characterization revealed that strain RA45T belonged phylogenetically to the family Pseudonocardiaceae of the suborder Pseudonocardineae. Strain RA45T showed more than 5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence divergence from recognized species of genera in the family Pseudonocardiaceae, forming a distinct lineage within the evolutionary radiation occupied by the genera Amycolatopsis, Prauserella, Thermocrispum, Saccharomonospora, Saccharopolyspora and Sciscionella, but distinct from each of them. The affiliation to the family was supported by the presence of suborder- and family-specific 16S rRNA signature nucleotides, a DNA G+C content of 69.9 mol%, the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid, ribose, arabinose, glucose and galactose, which are characteristic components of cell-wall chemotype IV of actinomycetes, the presence of menaquinone MK-9(H4) as the major respiratory lipoquinone, a lack of mycolic acids and the presence of an N-acetylated type of muramic acid. However, strain RA45T differed from known genera of the family in its polar lipid composition: the major phospholipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phospholipids of unknown structure and phospholipids of unknown structure containing glucosamine (phospholipid type IV). Based on its morphological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain RA45T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Pseudonocardiaceae, for which the name Yuhushiella deserti gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Yuhushiella deserti is RA45T (=CGMCC 4.5579T =JCM 16584T).
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LI, Hong, Jian-Zhong SHEN, Yu LIU, Yong-Jing ZHAO, Ju-Guang WANG, Xu-Fa MA, Qi-Gen LIU, Jun LIU i Zhou-Yong LI. "COMPARISON OF FOUR METHODS USING SCALES AND LAPILLI FOR BACK-CALCULATION OF ROACH RUTILUS RUTILUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) IN ULUNGUR LAKE, XINJIANG UIGUR AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA". Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica 36, nr 2 (8.04.2010): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1035.2009.00286.

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Hakim, Moh Fathoni, Denimah Denimah, M. Zulfikar Ramadhan, Devy Febian Arisandy Bahtiar, Feryan Airlangga i Stefano Jalu Sambowo Putra. "Nationality, Ethnicity, and Solidarity: Respon Turki atas Perundingan Etnis Uighur". Jurnal Hubungan Internasional 14, nr 1 (25.06.2021): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jhi.v14i1.19614.

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Uighur is an ethnic group which originally come from the Turkestan clan, which is predominantly found in Central and Western Asia Regions. As a minority within the People's Republic of China northwestern region, Its existence often sparks negative stigma from the China government. They are labelled as separatist groups. Large-scale demonstrations in 2009, which eventually led to riots between Uighur and Han Chinese population in Xinjiang, managed to worsen the situation. As a country that has primordial ties with the Uighur, Turkey has responded to the issue of discrimination that befell the Uighur. Therefore, this problem could bring tension to both Turkey and China. Utilizing the concept of bilateral diplomacy, this paper aims to examine the extent of the Turkish government's response to the issue of ethnic violence in Xinjiang. The findings show that the Uighur issue has always overshadowed Turkey-China bilateral relations ever since Its rise. Despite the disagreement, both have maintained a relatively good relation.
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34

Paisley, James. "Religious Liberty in Xinjiang". Undergraduate Research Journal for the Humanities 1, nr 1 (1.09.2016): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/1808.21356.

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Xinjiang Province, the far western province of China, has noted an increase in domestic terrorism as a result Uighurs that are radicalized through feelings of religious and ethnic oppression. China is also not evenly implementing its laws on religious protections. This paper suggests a change in Beijing’s policy towards Xinjiang that promotes religious liberty for Uighur Muslims, which will be more conductive to Beijing’s ultimate goals for peace, stability, and unity in the region.
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35

Jiang, Sheng, i Zijing Xie. "Comparison Study of Metabolic Syndrome's Differences and Diagnostic Criteria's Applicability among Xingjiang Uighur, Kazak and Han Population". International Journal of Endocrinology 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/212383.

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Our paper is a study about metabolism syndrome (MS) incidence situations of different nationalities, including Uighur, Kazak and Han nationality in Xinjiang by means of a cross-sectional survey and compare differences and adaptabilities of applications of the diagnostic criteria for MS recommended by Adult Treatment Protocol III of National Cholesterol Education Program of America (ATP III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) in three groups of populations. Conclusion tell us, for Uighur population and Kazak population, IDF criterion and ATPIII criterion had a better consistence, and CDS criterion was worst. For Han population, CDS criterion and IDF criterion had a better consistence, and ATPIII criterion was worst. For the screening of MS incidence rate of Uighur and Kazak adult populations in Xinjiang region, ATPIII criterion was optimal, while CDS criterion was optimal for Han population. However, as for screening of clustering of multiple risk factors of MS, IDF criterion was better than other criteria for the three nationalities.
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36

Baba, Masaki, Noriaki Iwasaki, Halisha Aishan, Yoshihito Okada i Toru Okuyama. "Studies of Traditional Folk Medicines in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous. II. Research for Chemical Constituents of Xinjiang Licorice". HETEROCYCLES 78, nr 6 (2009): 1581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/com-09-11673.

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Ma, ZQ, H. Hu, TT He, H. Guo, MY Zhang, MW Chen i YT Wang. "An Assessment Of Traditional Uighur Medicine In Current Xinjiang Region (China)". African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 11, nr 2 (2.07.2014): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v11i2.13.

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BEASLEY, Clark W., i William R. MILLER. "Tardigrada of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China". Journal of Limnology 66, nr 1s (1.09.2007): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2007.s1.49.

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Wang, Liping, Boqi Li, Xiaomin Tie, Tao Liu, Shutao Zheng i Yishan Liu. "Association between HLA-DRB1* allele polymorphism and caries susceptibility in Han Chinese children and adolescents in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region". Journal of International Medical Research 48, nr 4 (31.12.2019): 030006051989385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519893852.

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Objective The rate of caries and the mean number of decayed, missing, or filled teeth were reported to be significantly higher in children in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region than in children in eastern China. Little is known regarding the genetic basis of caries among residents of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. This study investigated the association between HLA-DRB1 alleles and caries susceptibility in Han Chinese children and adolescents in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Methods HLA-DRB1 allele frequency was assessed in DNA samples from buccal swabs of 42 patients with caries and 123 healthy control participants using a polymerase chain reaction method with sequence-specific primers. The chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test, followed by Bonferroni correction, was used to calculate differences in allele frequencies between groups. Results Compared with the healthy controls, the allele frequency of HLA-DRB1*13 was significantly higher in patients with caries in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (35.71% vs. 18.70%). The allele frequency of HLA-DRB1* 09 was significantly lower in patients with caries than in healthy controls (4.76% vs. 25.20%). Conclusions HLA-DRB1* 13 alleles could confer greater caries susceptibility, whereas HLA-DRB1* 09 could be protective against caries pathogenesis, in Han Chinese children in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
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40

Macey, J. Robert, Natalia B. Ananjeva, Yuezhao Wang i Theodore J. Papenfuss. "A Taxonomic Reevaluation of the Gekkonid Lizard Genus Teratoscincus in China". Russian Journal of Herpetology 4, nr 1 (15.10.2011): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-1997-4-1-8-16.

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New collections of Teratoscincus from China and reexamination of type specimens in the Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, reveal that T. roborowskii Bedriaga, «1905» (1906), is a valid species. The type locality given by Bedriaga is in error and is here corrected to the Turpan Depression, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China where the species is endemic. Two additional species inhabit China, T. przewalskii (in the Taklimakan Desert, Hami Depression, Junggar Depression, and part of the Gobi Desert of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and adjacent provinces) and T. scincus (in the Ili River Valley of extreme western Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region).
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CHERTOPRUD, ELENA S., ARTEM Y. SINEV i INTA DIMANTE-DEIMANTOVICA. "Fauna of Cladocera and Copepoda from Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (China)". Zootaxa 4258, nr 6 (3.05.2017): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4258.6.5.

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This study evaluates the species composition of Cladocera and Copepoda in the five lakes of the Bogda-Shan Mountain range and in the floodplain of the Tarim and Konchedarya rivers located in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China (Xinjiang). We collected seven species of Cladocera and six species of Copepoda. Seven species were identified as new for Xinjiang fauna, and two species (Cyclops cf. herberti Einsle, 1996, and Eucyclops roseus Ishida, 1997) were first records for China. Herein, we characterize the distribution ranges for the detected species and provide taxonomic remarks. The total species list for water bodies in Xinjiang compiled from original data and available literature includes 56 species of Cladocera and 33 species of Copepoda. We also discuss the biogeographical structure of Cladocera and Copepoda faunas in Xinjiang.
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Yang, Yi-Ning, Xiang Xie, Yi-Tong Ma, Xiao-Mei Li, Zhen-Yan Fu, Xiang Ma, Ding Huang i in. "Type 2 Diabetes in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China". PLoS ONE 7, nr 4 (10.04.2012): e35270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0035270.

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43

Hayes, Anna, i Abduresit Qarluq. "Securitising HIV/AIDS in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region". Australian Journal of International Affairs 65, nr 2 (kwiecień 2011): 203–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10357718.2011.550104.

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44

Junyi, Luo, i Ma Yitong. "GW24-e0606 Dyslipidemia in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China". Heart 99, Suppl 3 (sierpień 2013): A3.1—A3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304613.6.

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45

Yifei, Ren. "Policy Against Poverty: The Uygur Case". Practicing Anthropology 13, nr 1 (1.01.1991): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.13.1.e17843383528183v.

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According to the census of 1987, the population of the Uygur Nationality in China is 6,562,212. The Uygurs are the largest nationality in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, having 46.7 percent of the total population. A majority (58%) live in the south of Xinjiang, in Kashi Prefecture, Hetian Prefecture, and Kezilesu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture.
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46

Ainuvee, Kristina. "The Role of Afghanistan in the Uighur Separatist Movement". Politikon: The IAPSS Journal of Political Science 26 (31.03.2015): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22151/politikon.26.2.

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As with the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in the end of 2014, there is no obvious replacement for the place of peace guarantor in the country and in the region. The most apparent successor is the People’s Republic of China for a number of reasons. First, Afghan extremists are considered to be connected with the rebels from China’s province Xinjiang. Not only they undermine internal stability in China, but they also engage in illegal drug trade and are a very important point in heroine trade route across Central Asia up to Central Europe. Although the Chinese law enforcers are addressing this issue, there is no clear success in the near future. That being said, in order to deter the flourishing illegal drug trade, the revenues from which are used to finance the uprisings, China needs to step up as a replacement of the U.S.-led forces in Afghanistan after 2014.
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47

An, Qiong, i Linxiu Zhang. "Public Health Service and Migration Destinations among the Labor of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China". Sustainability 14, nr 8 (14.04.2022): 4718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084718.

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The relationship between public investment and population migration is a classic topic in developing regions. With social and economic development, the role of public health services is paid high attention. However, empirical studies on the relationship between public health services and labor migration are rare, especially for populations from minority areas. This study investigated the correlation between public health services and migration destinations and its heterogeneity among laborers from Xinjiang. Data of the annual Xinjiang Statistical Yearbook and the CMDS are used, and multinomial logit regressions are adopted. The results show that public health services in a county have a significant and negative correlation with the probability of migration with a long range among laborers from Xinjiang. This correlation is inclusive of gender, age, human capital, hukou, marital status, home region, and economic status. It implies that the improvement of public health services in Xinjiang can attract laborers to live and work there, which could contribute to the revitalization of Xinjiang and reduce the development gap between Xinjiang and other provinces.
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Xu, Fenglian, Colin Binns, Jing Wu, Re Yihan, Yun Zhao i Andy Lee. "Infant feeding practices in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China". Public Health Nutrition 10, nr 2 (luty 2007): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007246750.

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AbstractAimsTo document infant feeding methods in the first six months of life in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China, 2003–2004. Some problems with breast-feeding in the area are explained.MethodsA longitudinal study of infant feeding practices was undertaken. A total of 1219 mothers who delivered babies during 2003 and 2004 were interviewed in five hospitals or institutes, and after discharge were contacted in person or by telephone at approximately monthly intervals to obtain details of infant feeding practices. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore factors associated with breast-feeding initiation.Results‘Any breast-feeding’ rates at discharge and at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 6 months were 92.2, 91.3, 89.9, 88.8, 87.7, 86.0 and 73.0%, respectively. ‘Exclusive breast-feeding’ rates at discharge and at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 6 months were 66.2, 47.6, 30.1, 25.8, 22.1, 13.0 and 6.2%, respectively. The main problem of breast-feeding in Xinjiang was the early introduction of formula or water. The average duration of ‘exclusive breast-feeding’ was 1.8 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–2.0), of ‘full breast-feeding’ 2.8 months (95% CI 2.7–2.9) and of ‘any breast-feeding’ 5.3 months (95% CI 5.2–5.4).ConclusionsInfant feeding methods in Xinjiang were documented in this study and the main problems with infant feeding in Xinjiang are discussed. Further studies are needed to identify factors associated with ‘exclusive breast-feeding’ and duration.
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Dreyer, June Teufel. "The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region at Thirty: A Report Card". Asian Survey 26, nr 7 (1.07.1986): 721–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2644208.

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Dreyer, June Teufel. "The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region at Thirty: A Report Card". Asian Survey 26, nr 7 (lipiec 1986): 721–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.1986.26.7.01p0395f.

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