Rozprawy doktorskie: „Women household employees – history”

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Piette, Valérie. "Servantes et domestiques: des vies sous condition; essai sur la domesticité 1789-1914". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212035.

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Abrams, M. "Ikitchini : the hidden side of women's labour". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15856.

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Bibliography: pages 233-248.
This dissertation seeks to examine an area of South African historiography which has largely been ignored, that is, domestic labour. It posits a relationship between working class women, domestic labour paid and unpaid. The material has been arranged around the primary objective of examining the silence around domestic labour and highlighting the gender content of domestic work. It is divided into two parts. The first part examines the conceptualization of class and gender struggles, while the second part examines aspects of working class women's experience of this. Chapter One deals with why women have been ignored in recorded history; Chapter Two examines Marxist approaches to the Woman Question. Chapter Three examines the silence arourid women's experience in South African historiography, while Chapter Four is a critical examination of the recorded history of domestic workers. Chapter Five examines aspects of black working class women's experience of domestic labour in their own families, while Chapter Six documents the experience of a group of organized workers in Cape Town. The study concludes that the way forward is to develop a gender sensitive class analysis as outlined in the work of Lise Vogel. This will open up new areas for research, for example, the rise of the public and private dichotomy, the separation of productive and reproductive labour, the ideology of motherhood and sexuality as well as the changing nature of the social construction of gender identity.

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Higgs, Edward. "Domestic servants and households in Rochdale, 1851-1871". New York : Garland Pub. Co, 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/13792770.html.

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Cheng, Shu-Ju Ada. "Serving the household and the nation : Filipina domestics and the development of nationhood in Taiwan /". Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008300.

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Borrell, Cairol Mònica. "El servei domèstic a la ciutat de Barcelona, 1900-1950". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/394073.

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Els més recents estudis sobre els canvis en l’estructura ocupacional en els processos d’industrialització han qüestionat les teories generals sobre la contribució dels diferents sectors al creixement econòmic, donant nova rellevància al sector serveis. Tal com s’ha assenyalat en diversos estudis, si poguéssim superar el tradicional subregistre del treball femení aquesta importància encara seria més elevada. Aquesta línia de recerca ha contribuït a donar un nou impuls a l’interès per l’estudi del sector serveis, que ha tingut una importància i una anàlisi menor per part de la història econòmica i social; com a conseqüència, també s’ha atorgat rellevància a un millor coneixement del servei domèstic. Aquesta tesi té com a objectiu contribuir a un millor coneixement del sector des de l’estudi del servei domèstic a la ciutat de Barcelona entre el 1900 i el 1950. En ella s’analitzen els canvis de l’estructura intrasectorial i de la composició de gènere de la mà d’obra emprada en aquest sector; el paper de l’Estat i de les associacions obreres en els canvis en l’estructura ocupacional del sector o de les condicions laborals i de protecció sociolaboral. Veurem com la diversitat d’oficis i professions que havien conformat el servei domèstic durant el període preindustrial havia anat desapareixent progressivament al llarg dels segles XVIII i XIX. Així al segle XX s’estava consolidant la pèrdua d’heterogeneïtat del sector reduint-se a la figura de la “noia a tot estar” capaç de realitzar múltiples tasques domèstiques i de cura, perdent, en aquest procés, valor, tant en condicions laborals com en estatus social. D’aquesta manera, també s’estava completant el procés de feminització que, alhora, estava contribuint a precaritzar aquest sector econòmic empitjorant la seva posició social dins del mercat de treball barceloní. Així mateix, s’analitza la formació del mercat de treball del servei domèstic, l’origen sociodemogràfic dels seus treballadors i treballadores i el funcionament de l’esmentat mercat a través de les institucions i els mecanismes intermediaris entre l’oferta i la demanda de servei domèstic. Alhora, s’estudien també les condicions salarials i laborals, així com l’associacionisme de diferent signe i la posició dels diferents actors socials (Estat, sindicats, patronal i treballadors/es domèstics) davant la situació del servei domèstic. Per realitzar aquest treball he utilitzat diferents fonts de caràcter heterogeni per tal d’encaixar-les i aproximar-me a la situació d’un grup laboral que disposa de poques fonts de caràcter homogeni. En aquest sentit, en primer lloc, he realitzat un recorregut per les lleis i normatives que afectaven el servei domèstic, la jurisprudència emesa pels tribunals i les anàlisis realitzades per la doctrina jurídica. En segon lloc, s’ha analitzat la variada documentació de diverses institucions públiques i privades (Ajuntament, Diputació de Barcelona, Diòcesi de Barcelona, Escola Popular de la Dona, etc.) així com la informació estadística emesa per alguns d’aquests organismes. Així mateix, els Censos Nacionals de Població, complementats amb altre tipus d’informació estadística (padrons, estadístiques emeses per organismes locals, etc.), m’han permès examinar l’estructura del sector domèstic. En tercer lloc, la premsa, tant la burgesa com l’obrera, ha estat central en aquest treball. Així doncs, s’han buidat exhaustivament els diaris La Vanguardia i Solidaridad Obrera. Finalment, també he buidat els expedients judicials conservats de les demandes presentades pel servei domèstic davant dels tribunals de caràcter laboral (tribunals industrials i magistratures de treball). En definitiva, durant la primera meitat del segle XX, a diferència del que succeïa durant el període preindustrial –on en el sector convivien homes i dones amb diversitat d’edats i orígens socials–, el servei domèstic barceloní concentrava noies joves de classes populars que arribaven a un sector econòmic que s’havia anat precaritzant: desregulat normativament, desatès sindicalment i amb males condicions salarials i laborals, s’havia empitjorat la seva posició en el mercat de treball urbà barceloní. Analitzar aquest sector històricament permet observar com aquesta situació va consolidar unes condicions que contribueixen a explicar l’actual fragilitat d’aquest sector econòmic, tal com mostren les darreres dades de l’OIT.
This thesis aims to contribute to a better knowledge of the domestic sector in the city of Barcelona between 1900 and 1950. It analyses the changes in the structure and composition of the workforce employed in this sector; the role of the state and trade unions in changes in the occupational structure of the sector, working conditions and labour protection. We see how the variety of professions that the domestic service had featured during preindustrial period gradually faded over the 19th and 20th centuries. Therefore, in the 20th century there was no occupational diversity and the figure of "all girl being" [noia a tot estar; chica para todo] was widespread. These domestic servants were able to perform all sorts of chores, but the de-specialisation process involved the decrease in their labour and social status. Thus, the feminization process was completed, which contributed to make the domestic sector more precarious and worsened its social position in the labour market of Barcelona. Likewise, we analyse the socio-demographic origin of domestic workers, the formation of the domestic labour market and how this market worked through institutions and intermediary mechanisms between supply and demand. Similarly labour conditions, wages and the role of associations, trade unions and employers in the domestic service are also studied. Heterogeneous sources have been used. Firstly, the thesis studies the laws and regulations that affected the domestic service. Secondly, it analyses documents from several public and private institutions (Barcelona City Council, Barcelona Provincial Council, Diocese of Barcelona, etc.) as well as statistical information issued by some of these organisations. Besides, the National Census of Population, combined with other statistical sources (registers, statistics issued by local organisations, etc.), has allowed to examine the structure of the domestic sector. Thirdly, the press issued by bourgeois and working-class organisations has been crucial in this thesis. Finally, the requests brought before the labour tribunals (industrial tribunals and labour tribunals) have been analysed.

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Guo, Man. "Migration experience of floating population in China a case study of women migrant domestic workers in Beijing /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35318387.

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Ruberto, Laura Ernestina. "Producing culture : representations of Italian and Italian American women at work /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9936840.

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Keezhangatte, James Joseph. "Transnational migration, resilience and family relationships : Indian household workers in Hong Kong". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35760382.

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Sim, Sock-chin Amy. "Women in transition Indonesian domestic workers in Hong Kong /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3830580X.

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Kennelly, Estelle Maria. "Culture of indifference : dilemmas of the Filipina domestic helpers in Hong Kong /". St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/509.

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Choi, Hoi-sze Elsie. "Working women in China and Japan in 20th century history : a comparative analysis /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23425556.

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Bhojwani, Esha Nanda. "Domestic helpers and the care of English speaking special needs children in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31250816.

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Sainsbury, Sondra C. "The silent presence Asian female domestic workers and Cyprus in the new Europe /". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.

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Ho, Sau-hing. "Sexual harassment in relation to the situation of foreign domestic helpers in Hong Kong". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42575515.

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Ezquerra, Sandra. "The regulation of the south-north transfer of reproductive labor : Filipino women in Spain and the United States /". Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9017.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 448-470). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

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Guo, Man, i 郭漫. "Migration experience of floating population in China: a case study of women migrant domestic workers in Beijing". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B35318387.

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Lau, Man-yiu. "An examination of the policy on foreign domestic workers in Hong Kong". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21038211.

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Lau, Man-yiu, i 劉文耀. "An examination of the policy on foreign domestic workers in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3196591X.

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Makosana, Isobel Zola. "IZWI : the working conditions of African domestic workers in Cape Town in the 1980s". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17167.

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Bibliography: pages 269-280.
The focus of this thesis on African women's experiences as domestic workers results from the fact that the majority of women within the African population in Cape Town are employed in this sector of economy. Further, the African working class is in a peculiar position as a result of the strict enforcement of the Coloured Labour Preference Policy. This policy ensured the almost total exclusion of the African population from decent housing and education as well as employment. In fact, the policy has hamstrung almost every aspect of the African population's life. The Coloured Labour Preferential Policy was coupled with the strict enforcement of influx control, governed by the Urban Areas Act No. 25 of 1945 as amended. Worst hit by this law were the African women. An attempt was made to understand the experiences of African women both in and outside their work situation. The examination of their gendered experiences of 'race' and class divisions has led to the identification of a number of issues, among them poverty, exploitation as rightless workers and payment of low wages, fragmentation of family life and subordination in marriage relations, childcare problems, housing problems and isolation as mothers and workers. Further, their dreams, which include a wish for securing property, a secure family life and educating their children, as well as self-employment, are all indications of their deprivation and exploitation as women. In this thesis gender has been prioritised, as it emerged as the prime feature of African women's experiences of social divisions. Being a woman in a society divided by 'race' and class, has created hierarchies which carry unequal relationships between employer and employee and the payment of low wages. The privatised nature of this unequal relationship is the key to the oppression and exploitation of domestic workers. Moreover, the impact of the double day on African Women domestic workers has resulted in particular experiences of exploitation and oppression. Because of the limited material currently available on domestic workers, this study is seen as a contribution to the study of women as well as a contribution to a gender-sensitive, working class history of Cape Town. The selected literature that has been reviewed has left the gendered experiences of African women unexposed within their households. The focus has been on the work situation only. Failure to recognise or identify these gendered experiences within both class and 'race' divisions results in obscuring the daily struggles that African women face regarding housing, family life and childcare facilities. The review of the two commissions of enquiry, namely the Riekert and Wiehahn Commissions has shown that the State is still unresponsive to the needs of women as workers and in particular, as domestic workers. Riekert has tied the availability of housing to employment, thus excluding a large number of women in the Cape Town urban area.

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Leahy, Patricia. "Female migrant labour in Asia: a case study of Filipina domestic workers in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31949800.

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Mata, Irene. "Re-thinking the immigrant narrative in a global perspective representations of labor, gender and im/migration in contemporary cultural productions /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3259056.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 11, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 191-195).

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Keezhangatte, James Joseph. "Transnational migration, resilience and family relationships: Indianhousehold workers in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B35760382.

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Choi, Hoi-sze Elsie, i 蔡凱詩. "Working women in China and Japan in 20th century history: a comparative analysis". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31952975.

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Blakestad, Nancy Lynn. "King's College of Household and Social Science and the household science movement in English higher education, c. 1908-1939". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ab86830a-8703-4d12-ac88-c3020a9eb7ef.

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This thesis is an account of the 'household and social science' course opened at King's College for Women in 1908 and its evolution up to 1939. The course was a significant departure for women's higher education in England as it was the first attempt to define a special university discipline based upon women's 'domestic' roles. However, historical accounts of women's higher education have either ignored or dismissed it, largely because of the predominance of'separate spheres' analyses in the historiography of women's higher education of the 1970s and early 1980s. Such accounts have presented the household science course in a negative light because of its 'domestic' image. This thesis thus offers a reassessment of the household science movement and those who supported it. The 'household science' concept owed its origin to the American 'home economies' movement which originated in the mid-nineteenth century. Chapter 1 provides a history of the home economics movement in America, tracing its evolution in the context of women's higher education until 1914. Initially home economics was seen as a 'vocational homemaking' course aiming to train women for home life. At the turn of the century, however, a 'scientific' model was developed by women scientists in order to promote research into social problems connected with the domestic sphere. These two models~the vocation and the scientific, have developed in tandem in American home economics. Chapters 2 and 3 consider the origins and early evolution of the 'household science' course in England, which was largely influenced by the American 'scientific' model. Chapter 2 first considers the concept of domestic education in the history of women's education and factors that precluded the development of a 'vocational homemaking' course in English higher education. The rest of the chapter analyses the origins of the household science movement in its social and intellectual context, in particular its connection with Edwardian preoccupations with 'physical deterioration' and infant mortality. Like their American counterparts, the founders of the course saw household science as a reform movement which aimed to promote research into domestic problems such as hygiene and nutrition, as well as to create a more useful and relevant university discipline for women's domestic roles, whether as housewife/mother or in 'municipal housekeeping' roles. Chapter 3 discusses the household science course from a disciplinary standpoint, looking at how the syllabus was constructed, the contemporary educational controversies it engendered, and its evolution up to 1920 when the B.Sc. degree was granted. Chapters 4, 5, and 6 examine the main factors which ultimately undermined the success of household science as a discipline. Chapter 4 evaluates career trends amongst KCHSS students from 1910-49, analysing to what extent the KCHSS administration was able to create a professional career structure for the household science discipline. The interplay between administrative policy, career trends, and professionalization is analyzed in relation to three career fields-social welfare, laboratory research, and dietetics. Chapters considers the professional conflicts between KCHSS and the domestic subjects teaching profession. Chapter 6 analyses KCHSS's failure to carve out a unique academic 'territory' or expertise and the various factors that affected this. The final chapter assesses how successful KCHSS was as an institution, looking at how students themselves experienced the course, their motivations for taking it, and its impact on their lives. Although household science was unsuccessful as a discipline, the course did give students a wide choice of career options, creating openings in less conventional spheres for women who did not want to teach and providing opportunities for the less-able student to follow a scientific career. The conclusion considers how the social climate of the interwar period affected the working out of the original household science ideals.

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Sullivan, Molly R. "Beyond the Household: Women, Space, and Mobility in Seventeenth-Century New England". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1323191554.

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Skidmore, Colleen Marie. "Women in photography at the Notman Studio, Montreal, 1856-1881". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq46921.pdf.

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Ünal, Bayram. "Ethnic division of labor the Moldovan migrant women in in-house services in Istanbul /". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.

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Sim, Sock-chin Amy, i 沈淑真. "Women in transition: Indonesian domestic workers in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3830580X.

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Prattley, Jennifer Anne. "The effect of partner and household characteristics on the continued employment of coupled older women in England". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-effect-of-partner-and-household-characteristics-on-the-continued-employment-of-coupled-olderwomen-in-england(08e26f8b-932a-48d4-898a-0605f4fcec7c).html.

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The economic wellbeing, physical and mental health of the ageing population in the United Kingdom is associated with continued participation in the labour force. Encouraging later life employment is therefore a key policy issue. Research into older person's employment trajectories is concentrated on male working patterns, and often takes an individualistic approach that does not account for the domestic context. Previous research on women's labour force participation has been informed by small scale qualitative studies that do consider the household domain but these findings cannot be generalized to the wider population. This research investigates the factors associated with the continued employment of women aged 50 to 59 using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Transition rates out of employment between 2001 and 2011 are modeled using multilevel discrete time event history specifications that permit the inclusion of time varying covariates. Retirement is characterized as an ageing process which allows the impact of predictors on transition rates to be assessed and measured as women approach state pension age. Alternative time structures are considered, with parameter estimates from an age baseline model compared with those from a time on study specification. Results illustrate the sensitivity of parameter estimates in discrete time event history models to the measurement of time, and emphasize the importance of adopting a time metric that is commensurate with the theoretical representation of retirement as a dynamic ageing process. The domestic context is realised as sampled women and their male partners are positionedwithin a household structure, and asymmetric effects of predictors on the transition rate of each gender are considered. Own poor health, caring responsibilities and a retired or inactive spouse accelerate labour market exit for women whilst high levels of accrued pension wealth predict earlier transitions for their male partners. The age of employment exit for females is independent of pension wealth, but pension resources do predict the retirement pathway taken following any transition that does occur. Women residing in the wealthiest households are more likely to report as voluntary retired prior to state pension age whilst those in the poorest of couples are at higher risk of following an involuntary pathway into an alternative inactive state. These findings emphasize the importance of conducting research into later life employment trajectories on a household, rather than individual, basis.

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Raney, Catherine A. "From Housewife to Household Weapon: Women from the Bolivian Mines Organize Against Economic Exploitation and Political Oppression". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/591.

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Drawing from oral histories which I gathered while living in Bolivia, this thesis tracks the start, growth, and development of the political movement led by women from the Bolivian mines from 1961 to 1987. This movement helped create a new political culture that recognized the importance of women’s participation in politics and human rights. Today, this culture lives on. Bolivia has not experienced a coup since 1980, and the nation’s human rights record has improved dramatically since the 1980s as well. Prior to the mid-1980s, Bolivia was often under the control of oppressive military regimes that resorted to many different types of coercion in attempts to silence resistance in the mining centers, the national government’s main source of conflict. This uneven power struggle between working class activists and the national government motivated many women to challenge gender roles and involve themselves in politics. After establishing their political organization called the Housewives’ Committee, women activists organized and acted collectively to challenge political oppression and mitigate the effects of extreme poverty. They frequently employed compelling tactics, most commonly hunger strikes, to win attention for their issues. They also involved themselves in many other diverse projects and demonstrations depending on their communities’ need. Women’s political development resulted in a number of personal transformations among those who participated: it awakened a political consciousness and also enabled women to recognize the importance of their paid and unpaid work in the mining economy. These changes eventually altered women’s understanding of how women’s oppression fit into the broader struggle of working class activism by convincing them of the deep connection between women’s liberation and the liberation of their community. These transformations led to the acceptance of women as political activists and leaders, which continues in the present. This work also tracks the United States’ impact on the relationship between the mining centers and the state. This analysis serves to remind us that as United States citizens we must be very critical of our nation’s impact; because of our ability to enormously affect small land-locked countries like Bolivia, we must also hold ourselves accountable to understanding our historical impact so that we can make informed decisions in the present.

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Barnard, Jakoba Petronella. "MIV-positiewe huiswerksters se konstruering van hul ervarings van MIV & VIGS binne die werkgewersgesin". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03112005-080007.

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Desjarlais-deKlerk, Kristen Ann, i University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "The impact on religious involvement of women in the paid labour force, 1975-2005". Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Deptartment of Sociology, 2009, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/775.

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Canadians’ religious involvement has declined significantly over the last thirty years (Bibby 2004a), but explanations haven’t successfully determined the reasons for the decline. Women’s employment rate increased significantly during the same time period, which could account for the decline, particularly as Canadians have become increasingly pragmatic about time following the rise of the dual earner family. This thesis postulates that Canadians’ pragmatism dominates religious involvement, particularly as Canadians have less time to engage in those activities and tasks they deem necessary and worthwhile. It examines the costs and benefits of religious involvement—utilizing a rational choice framework—and insists that religious groups need to respond more effectively to affiliates’ needs and desires. The data demonstrates that Canadians’ perception of worth of their religious involvement (as measured through enjoyment) better predicts involvement than association.
xiii, 131 leaves ; 29 cm.

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Nkuna, Toppy Maria. "Ku paluxiwa ka ku oviwa ka timfanelo ta vatirhi va le makaya eka Gija wanuna wa matimba hi H.S.V Muzwayine na B.T Mageza na vatukulu va ka gaza hi H.S.V Muzwayine". Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1800.

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Thesis (M. A. (African Languages)) -- University of Limpopo, 2015
The main aim of this study is to examine abuse of domestic workers with special reference to Xitsonga drama, Gija wanuna wa matimba hi HSV Muzwayine na Bill T Mageza Na Vatulu va ka gaza hi H.S.V. Muzwayine. This study also indicates characters who are abused and those who causes this abuse. The first chapter reveals the general outline of the study, the problem statement, the aim. The most important terms of the study have been explained in this chapter so as to reveal what is expected to be analyzed. Some of the definitions of the Constitution have been defined. Chapter two gives a short summary of the literature Review . Chapter three defines methodology and analyse general themes. Chapter five deals with the general summary of this mini-dissertation. The recommendations for further research have been indicated in this chapter.
The University of Limpopo

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Gleich-Anthony, Jeanne M. "Democratizing Women: American Women and the U.S Occupation of Japan, 1945-1951". View abstract, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3295439.

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Weiss, Victoria A. "Food and the Master-Servant Relationship in Eighteenth and Nineteenth-Century Britain". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984138/.

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This thesis serves to highlight the significance of food and diet in the servant problem narrative of eighteenth and nineteenth-century Britain and the role of food in master-servant relationships as a source of conflict. The study also shows how attitudes towards servant labor, wages, and perquisites resulted in food-related theft. Employers customarily provided regular meals, food, drink, or board wages and tea money to their domestic servants in addition to an annual salary, yet food and meals often resulted in contention as evidenced by contemporary criticism and increased calls for legislative wage regulation. Differing expectations of wage components, including food and other perquisites, resulted in ongoing conflict between masters and servants. Existing historical scholarship on the relationship between British domestic servants and their masters or mistresses in context of the servant problem often tends to place focus on themes of gender and sexuality. Considering the role of food as a fundamental necessity in the lives of servants provides a new approach to understanding the servant problem and reveals sources of mistrust and resentment in the master-servant relationship.

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Meintjes-van, der Walt Lirieka. "The domestic worker some considerations for law reform". Thesis, Rhodes University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003198.

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This thesis examines ways in which domestic workers in South Africa could be included within the scope of existing industrial legislation. At present the legal position of a work force of 862 000 is regulated by the common law contract of service. Socio-economic factors form the background of this investigation,which first sets out to determine whether the common-law contract of employment is capable of equitably regulating the employment relationship. The fallacy of the assumption that individuals agree on the terms of exchange in the employment contract on the basis of juridical equality, and the tenuous nature of the common-law employment relationship in the case of domestic workers are revealed. In the absence of any current statutory minima the employment contract is used to deprive domestic workers of what little protection they enjoy at common law. The two ways in which the individual employee's conditions of service can be protected from terms favouring the stronger of the two contracting parties are discussed. These are collective bargaining and statutory regulation. Difficulties experienced by domestic workers in respect of collective bargaining, whether they be included under the Labour Relations Act or not, are indicated. Proposals for including domestic workers under the Basic Conditions of Employment Act are evaluated in the light of legislation in the United States of America, Zimbabwe, Swaziland and Namibia. Ways of minimum-wage fixing are investigated, and it is concluded that the provisions of the Wage Act could be adapted for domestic workers. The 'unfair labour practice'concept is examined and the implications of its application for the domestic labour sector evaluated. It is recommended that the concept 'fairness' in the Labour Relations Act should apply to domestic workers, but that a code of practice be drafted to provide conceptions of 'fairness' as guidelines for employment behaviour. It is suggested that the parties refer disputes to mediation before being granted access to a Small Labour Court established for this purpose. In conclusion a draft code of practice is presented, as a basis for negotiation at a forum representative of the major actors in the domestic labour arena.

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王荻茜. "自主控制與素質論述 :珠海本地女性家務勞工的構建". Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2555195.

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Hepburn, Sacha. "A social history of domestic service in post-colonial Zambia, c.1964-2014". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dfd7ee2e-81f6-458f-8ba9-467be0857040.

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This thesis examines the history of domestic service in Zambia from the 1960s to the present day. Domestic service was one of the largest sectors of urban employment throughout this period and involved large numbers of men, women and children selling and buying labour in a variety of working arrangements. The sector has, however, received little scholarly or official attention, reflecting a broader historiographical neglect of informal sector employment and the female workers who predominate in this area of the economy. The lack of attention paid to domestic service by academics and policy-makers has considerably limited the questions that have been asked about who workers are and how processes of reproduction and production have been organized at a household and societal level in Zambia, both historically and in the present. Most immediately, in order to work outside of the home, earn money and access crucial resources, thousands of Zambians needed to find someone else to take care of their homes and children. Drawing on a wide range of source material, this study demonstrates the importance of domestic service to social and economic relations in post-colonial Zambia. The study centres on domestic service arrangements in black households in the capital city of Lusaka. It examines how and why men, women and children found work in service, how and why employers sought help with domestic and care labour, and the relationships that developed between these parties. The study illustrates the diversity of the sector, with working arrangements varying from seemingly-informal kinship-based labour relations at one end of the spectrum to formalised, contractual employment at the other. The study also explains the gendered and generational shifts that have reshaped domestic service over the last fifty years, drawing attention to the increased significance of women and female children's labour. Overall this thesis provides new insights into class formation, rural-urban dependencies, gender relations, and the nature of inequality in a post-colonial African city.

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Chen, Hong Lei. "Perceived racism of Filipino workers in Macau : depression risk and the moderating effects of coping and ethnic identity". Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2589561.

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Oliveira, Débora Laís Silva de. "“Sim, Senhora! Não, Senhor!” identidade e trabalho doméstico". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21402.

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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This research is based on the Critical Social Psychology and aims to analyze the identity policies toward domestic workers. It aims, as well, to identify how such policies shape the praxis of daily life, understanding what could be possibilities of recognition for the worker in this context and how it would be possible to question the current praxis and reinvent labor relations. With these goals in mind, the research problem outlines as follows: Faced with identity policies and its effects on the praxis of everyday, what are the possibilities of recognition and reinvention of these praxis? The social relevance of this research demonstrates itself on the contemporaneity and magnitude of the domestic work, both in political and social terms, such as the increase of media attention and law advancement, as in quantitative terms. The methodological is based on the notion of sintagma identity-metamorphosis-emancipation, using life trajectory narrative. The remaining items are divided into two parts. The first, called "Yes, madam!", demonstrates the routes of socialization, obedience and submission and it is composed by reflections on the importance of socialization on identity formation (chapter 3). The second part, called "No, sir!", refers to the need of questioning social habits and promoting discomfort on the identity policies that have been reproduced. Chapter 5 presents buzzing and noises that the media have occasioned on regulatory identity policies. At last, the final considerations (chapter 6) draw reflections on the historical constructions of domestic work, which are imprinted in the relations on the context of such work: the naturalized invisibility, the work overload and the depreciative recognition. The necessity for a search toward social recognition, in the terms of Honneth (2003) and for the importance of domestic work were highlighted. In this direction, the vindication for more dignified work conditions, toward emancipatory possibilities, was indicated
A presente pesquisa, na perspectiva da Psicologia Social Crítica, tem como objetivo analisar as políticas de identidade voltadas para as trabalhadoras domésticas. Objetiva, também, identificar como tais políticas moldam as práticas no fazer de cada dia, compreendendo quais as possibilidades de reconhecimento da trabalhadora nesse contexto e de qual forma é possível questionar as práticas e reinventar as relações de trabalho. Com estes objetivos, delineia-se o problema da pesquisa da seguinte maneira: Diante das políticas identitárias e dos seus efeitos no fazer de cada dia, quais são as possibilidades de reconhecimento e de reinvenção dessas práticas? A relevância social dessa pesquisa manifesta-se na contemporaneidade e magnitude do trabalho doméstico, tanto em termos sociais e políticos, como o aumento da abordagem das mídias comunicativas e os avanços legais, quanto em termos quantitativos. O percurso metodológico (capítulo 2) foi baseado na perspectiva do sintagma identidade-metamorfose-emancipação, utilizando-se narrativas de história de vida. Os demais itens do trabalho foram divididos em duas partes. A primeira, nomeada “Sim, Senhora!”, demonstra os caminhos da socialização, obediência e submissão. Assim, foi composta por reflexões sobre a importância da socialização na formação identitária (capítulo 3). A segunda parte, denominada “Não, Senhor!”, refere-se à necessidade de questionar os hábitos sociais e promover incômodos nas políticas de identidade que se tem reproduzido. O capítulo 5 apresenta zumbidos e ruídos que as mídias têm ocasionado no que se refere às políticas identitárias regulatórias. Por fim, as considerações finais (no capítulo 6) trazem reflexões acerca das construções históricas do trabalho doméstico, as quais marcam as relações no contexto desse trabalho, quais sejam: a invisibilidade naturalizada, a sobrecarga e o reconhecimento depreciativo. Destaca-se a necessidade de uma busca pelo reconhecimento social, nos termos de Honneth (2003) e da importância do trabalho doméstico. Nesse sentido, buscou-se pensar possibilidades emancipatórias, a partir da reivindicação por condições de trabalho mais dignas

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Jonsson, Malin. "Kvinnors arbete och hushållens försörjning. Vävinkomsternas betydelse för hushållsekonomin i Siljansbygden 1938–1955". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economic History, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7077.

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The principal purpose of this thesis has been to analyse the importance of women´s waged work with handicrafts for the household economy in the Swedish countryside during a period of rapid industrialisation and growth. The point of departure for the analysis has been a theoretical and methodological frame of interpretation on three levels. The levels that have been studied are the national institutional level of society, the level of the local society and the household level.

This thesis has shown that women’s ways of providing for themselves cannot be explained with reference to any one factor. The explanation for the gender division of labour must be seen as the result of the interplay of several different factors on different levels. By investigating how the conditions for making a living looked like on the three different levels, the thesis has shown that, together, factors on the national institutional and the local societal levels, as well as on the individual household level, affected women’s work and how it can be understood.

The thesis has described how the ideal of the breadwinner has changed during the transition from an agrarian to an industrial society. By studying a traditional form of female wage work – handicrafts – during a period when women were not expected to be gainfully employed, the thesis has shown that this transition was a slow process that manifested itself differently on different levels and that the old agrarian gender order survived for a long time despite the fact that people’s means of making a living had changed in a fundamental way. Women’s handicraft work was a continuing feature during this transitional period.

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Chan, U. Wai. "An autonomous and unautonomous body : the making of Macau's female working class, 1957-1989". Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2590567.

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Damasceno, Karine Teixeira 1977. "Mal ou bem procedidas = cotidiano e transgressão das regras sociais e jurídicas em Feira de Santana, 1890-1920". [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279443.

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Orientador: Silvia Hunold Lara
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: A partir do cruzamento de registros da Câmara Municipal de Feira de Santana, de jornais, processos-crimes e recenseamentos populacionais no período entre 1890 e 1920, buscamos compreender a experiência de aproximação e de diferenciação entre as mulheres pobres, trabalhadoras e negras. Perguntamo-nos também como esta experiência interferiu na sua relação com outros sujeitos sociais. Ao reconstituir alguns episódios vivenciados por tais mulheres, observamos que, embora elas compartilhassem a experiência comum de opressão, por diversas vezes encontravam saídas diferentes para resolver seus problemas. Nesse sentido, descortinar o passado dessas personagens trouxe à tona os vários momentos de sociabilidade e solidariedade construídos por essas mulheres, assim como os conflitos nos quais, de alguma forma, elas estiveram envolvidas. Observamos que, na maior parte das vezes, as mulheres aparecem nos processos na posição de vítimas de alguma violência praticada por um homem de seu círculo de relações. Além disso, seu cotidiano de luta pela sobrevivência e seus valores as tornavam transgressoras de várias regras sociais e jurídicas, o que as transformava em alvos preferenciais das autoridades judiciais
Abstract: From the intersection of City Council of Feira de Santana's reports, newspapers, crimes process and population censuses on the period between 1890 and 1920; We seek to understand the experience of approach and differentiation among poor, worker and back women. We ask them also how this experience interfered in their relationship with other social subjects. By rebuilding some episodes experienced by these women, we observed that although they share the common experience of oppression, by several times they find different outputs for solve their problems. In this sense, uncover the past of these characters brought up the several sociability and solidarity moments built by these women, as well as conflicts in which, somehow they were involved. We observed that in most of the time, the women appear in proceedings on the victim position of some violence practiced by a man of their relationships' circle. Furthermore, their daily life struggle for survival and their values have become them transgressor of several social and juridical rules, what have transformed them in preferred targets of judicial authorities
Mestrado
Historia Social
Mestre em História

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Jonsson, Malin. "Kvinnors arbete och hushållens försörjning : vävinkomsternas betydelse för hushållsekonomin i Siljansbygden 1938-1955 /". Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7077.

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Berger, Jane Alexandra. "When hard work doesn't pay gender and the urban crisis in Baltimore, 1945-1985 /". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1195075936.

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Crebo, Elaine C. "Filipina domestic helpers in Hong Kong and their role in English language learning". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B27051948.

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McQueen, Anna. "A class apart : the servant question in English fiction, 1920-1950". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24485.

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In the reading of the servants in examples from the period 1920-1950, the servant question is invoked to expose the workings of class. The servants in these narratives of Bowen, Green, Taylor, Waugh, Mansfield and Panter-Downes, lady’s maids, housekeepers, nannies, a butler and a chauffeur, are in thrall to the collective structures of societal ordering, and reluctant with respect to social mobility. Class was not fully being negotiated in this period, in fact little change was visible. Fer example intimacy, such as that between the lady’s maid and her mistress, meant that class confrontation was unlikely. The nanny showed that culturally constructed mechanisms such as nostalgia could be employed to discourage the desire for change. In terms of the socio-historical context any transformation in the make-up of domestic life – that is, the move towards homes without servants - was a fairly gradual business. But, there was a widespread belief in a change that had not really taken place – and that certainly had not taken place within domestic service. Any transformation of society was superficial; the governing ranks would not permit their disempowerment through genuine class change. I contend that the literature supports this perspective. Servants desire subservience; they find comfort in the familiarity of the system of household ranking-by-status. In the process, authority itself is portrayed as being less immutable, more malleable and thereby equipped for the future. In this sense the narratives read in this thesis go to make up a literature of resistance, in refutation of the overwhelming narrative of the time, progressing instead the notion that class must persist with its boundaries intact, as its hegemony is desirable and necessary for the smooth, successful operation of society.

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Arroyo, Calderon Patricia. "Cada uno en su sitio y cada cosa en su lugar. Imaginarios de desigualdad en America Central (1870-1900)". The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437570606.

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Ortiz, Monera Rosa María. "Cadenas globales de cuidados, crisis y deudas. Un estudio de caso". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/471536.

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Esta tesis doctoral analiza la relación entre la organización de los cuidados y las politicas de austeridad enmarcadas en el capitalismo global. Se trata de conocer, por un lado, cómo las medidas económicas aplicadas en España tras el inicio de la crisis financiera actual han provocado cambios en esta organización que han afectado, especialmente, a las mujeres inmigradas. Por otro lado, se pretende enmarcar esta organización de los cuidados en el contexto de la globalización neoliberal, sosteniendo que ésta se apoya en una división sexual y clasista del trabajo de cuidados que traspasa las fronteras nacionales. Tal y como se desarrolla en el marco teórico y contextual de esta tesis, los efectos de las medidas de austeridad derivadas de la exigibilidad de la devolución de la deuda financiera se trasladan al aumento de la llamada deuda con las mujeres por el trabajo de cuidados. Un análisis feminista de las crisis permite revisar el concepto de deuda y poner en cuestionamiento los planteamientos androcentricos que invisibilizan la economia del cuidado. Esta tesis pretende realizar una critica feminista a las crisis y a las medidas de austeridad. Tambien busca hacer una aproximación al concepto de deuda con las mujeres por el trabajo de cuidados, especialmente, con las empleadas de hogar inmigradas y con las cuidadoras en origen.
The general objective of this thesis is to analyse the relationship between changes in welfare policies in the current context of economic recession, the organisation of care and its impact on female Ecuadorian domestic workers in Spain, and the carers of these workers’ families in Ecuador. The aim was to examine the way in which measures designed to ensure the repayment of financial debt, which are affecting the Spanish welfare system, are increasing the exploitation of care, particularly among the women who provide most care, including female migrant domestic workers. In short, the thesis was designed to study the links between neoliberal measures associated with patriarchal capitalism, and the undervaluation and increased precariousness of care work globally. The study of global care chains is strategically important for this purpose. It can reveal how the economic and social structure is supported by the sexual, international and class division of care work from a global perspective. It allows us to associate the continuum of the recession with the origin of these chains: the crisis of social reproduction in the South resulting from the application of Structural Adjustment Programmes, which led to an increase in emigration; the care crisis in the North, which attracts domestic workers from the South; and the current financial crisis. In addition, we can analyse the similarities between the Structural Adjustment Programmes implemented in the South and the austerity measures introduced in the North, and their effects on the increase in unpaid care work, which is mainly undertaken by women. The thesis establishes a theoretical framework on global care chains; a contextual framework on austerity measures taken since the start of the Spanish recession and their impact on the organisation of care; a contextual framework on the effects on care of the Structural Adjustment Programmes implemented in Ecuador after the external debt crisis; and a case study on the organisation of care relating to female Ecuadorian domestic workers in Barcelona, and the main carers of their children in Ecuador. The case study is based on an analysis of 20 semi-structured interviews undertaken in Barcelona and 9 in Ecuador. One of the research questions that guided the thesis was how changes in the welfare policies in response to the Spanish financial crisis could have augmented the privatisation of care, and particularly affected female immigrant domestic workers. Through an analysis of statistical sources, legal sources and the case study, it was found that the crisis and its political response have led to greater exploitation of care work in the home, which has had a major impact on female immigrant domestic workers in particular. To make the cuts, the government has relied on unpaid or very precarious care work in homes, which has boosted the privatisation of care. For example, domestic workers who participated in this research described how they had been particularly affected by nursery school cuts. Welfare strategies developed by families in a context of recession have also led to greater dedication to care tasks, which affects the time poverty of this group. Changes in consumption patterns as a result of situations of vulnerability that have been aggravated by the recession mean that more time and energy must be dedicated to preparing food, shopping and managing the family budget. The study of similarities between neoliberal measures and how they are associated with care in Ecuador and Spain revealed that, in both cases, neoliberal globalisation exploits care work. Neoliberal measures depend on this exploitation and exacerbate it. Although there are notable differences between these countries in terms of the association between neoliberal measures and care, this thesis shows how cuts and welfare strategies in both Ecuador and Spain have increased women’s work load. Another important aspect of this thesis is related to the analysis of care in Ecuador of the children of the female Ecuadorian domestic workers who were interviewed. The emigration of domestic workers means that a series of arrangements must be made to ensure the welfare of children back at home. The emigrant mothers participate in these arrangements through kinship, communication or sending remittance. Family networks in Ecuador also participate, with the involvement of various members of the family, particularly women and girls, who care for the children. This analysis increased the visibility and value of transnational care carried out by domestic workers and carers in their home countries. In short, this thesis reveals how patriarchal capitalism at a global level exploits the work of carers and relegates it to the domestic sphere, with no pay or under precarious conditions. This study could contribute to highlighting the invisibility and lack of recognition of this work that is centred on sustaining life.

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Roerick, Kyle. "Much Ado About Free Trade? Examining the Role of Discourse and Civil Society in Framing the Anti-Free Trade Debate, 1985-1988". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22757.

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The well-known outcome of the 1988 federal election – a Conservative Party majority in Parliament and an effective “yes” to the question of whether or not the Free Trade Agreement between Canada and the United States was desired – tends to obscure the importance of the process by which a large non-party based opposition movement sought to cultivate and organize the public’s understanding of the election’s central premise. While the opposition movement failed to have Prime Minister Brian Mulroney removed from power, the discursive process that the movement both created and was the driving force behind, is key to understanding the historical context of the debate over free trade itself. This thesis will illustrate that there existed a discursive process amongst the efforts of the anti-free trade movement from 1985-1988 to cultivate, organize, and mobilize public opposition to Mulroney’s neo-liberal economic policies, through re-framing those objections into a larger and more deeply-rooted Canadian historical narrative. A discourse analysis was conducted using the various public education materials produced by major anti-free trade civil society organizations in Canada. The examination of that discourse revealed three major stages in the overall process: First, organizations relied heavily on classic paradigms of an anti-continentalist narrative to reinforce what was different between the two countries creating an us and them paradigm and building a case for Canadian exceptionalism. Second, there was an intensification of the us and them language into a more defined us versus them, or them against us, dichotomy. Third, the anti-free trade movement sought to effectively translate the previously established civic opposition into pragmatic political action in preparation for a national election campaign. The results show that there was an evolution in the ways members of the civil society opposition framed and evolved their arguments in order to turn their “issues” into more of a “crisis.” By employing (and expanding on) discursive tools used within that public narrative to generate fear of the other to validate illusions of self, and to construct believable threats to the collective, the more “micro” discussion over the growing pervasiveness of neo-liberalism took on a hyper-nationalistic and symbolic routine, one that mirrored the iconic political and electoral debates in 1891 and 1911, both of which had also been based upon the potential for free trade with the United States. Most of all, the evidence points to a popular opposition movement against free trade, which not only significantly pre-dated the official political opposition, but in some respects created its message and focus.

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